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Chen M, Li H, Xu X, Bao X, Xue L, Ai X, Xu J, Xu M, Shi Y, Zhen T, Li J, Yang Y, Ji Y, Fu Z, Xing K, Qing T, Wang Q, Zhong P, Zhu S. Identification of RAC1 in promoting brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma using single-cell transcriptome sequencing. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:330. [PMID: 37202394 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to give a new perspective to the biomarkers in the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) brain metastasis, pathways involved and potential therapeutics. We performed a comprehensive single-cell level transcriptomic analysis on one LUAD patient with circulating tumor cells (CTCs), primary tumor tissue and metastatic tumor tissue using scRNA-seq approach to identify metastasis related biomarkers. Further scRNA-seq were performed on 7 patients to validate the cancer metastatic hallmark. with single cells collected from either metastatic or primary LUAD tissues. Pathological and functional studies were also performed to evidence the critical role of RAC1 in the LUAD metastasis. Hallmark gene was verified based on immunohistochemistry staining, cytological experiment, survival information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and staining results from Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. PCA analysis revealed that CTCs were in the intermediate place between the metastatic group and primary group. In the unsupervised clustering analysis CTCs were closer to one of the metastatic tumor cells, implying heterogeneity of the metastatic tumor and origin of the CTCs were from metastatic site. Transitional phase related gene analysis identified RAC1 was enriched in metastatic tumor tissue (MTT) preferred gene set functioning as regulated cell death and apoptosis as well as promoted macromolecule organization. Compared with normal tissue, expression levels of RAC1 increased significantly in LUAD tissue based on HPA database. High expression of RAC1 predicts worse prognosis and higher-risk. EMT analysis identified the propensity of mesenchymal state in primary cells while epithelial signals were higher in the metastatic site. Functional clustering and pathway analyses suggested genes in RAC1 highly expressed cells played critical roles in adhesion, ECM and VEGF signaling pathways. Inhibition of RAC1 attenuates the proliferation, invasiveness and migration ability of lung cancer cells. Besides, through MRI T2WI results, we proved that RAC1 can promote brain metastasis in the RAC1-overexpressed H1975 cell burden nude mouse model. RAC1 and its mechanisms might promote drug design against LUAD brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of New Technologies of Micro-Endoscopy Combination in Skull Base Surgery (2018RU008), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyue Li
- Department of Lung Tumor Clinical Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, 200003, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xunxia Bao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, 200003, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghao Ai
- Department of Lung Tumor Clinical Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of New Technologies of Micro-Endoscopy Combination in Skull Base Surgery (2018RU008), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of New Technologies of Micro-Endoscopy Combination in Skull Base Surgery (2018RU008), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Cinoasia Institute, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jie Li
- Cinoasia Institute, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Cinoasia Institute, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Ji
- Cinoasia Institute, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Tao Qing
- Cinoasia Institute, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiubo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, 214000, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
- Research Unit of New Technologies of Micro-Endoscopy Combination in Skull Base Surgery (2018RU008), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sibo Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
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Dittmar T, Hass R. Intrinsic signalling factors associated with cancer cell-cell fusion. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:68. [PMID: 37016404 PMCID: PMC10071245 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular fusion e.g. between cancer cells and normal cells represents a stepwise process that is tightly regulated. During a pre-hybrid preparation program somatic cells and/or cancer cells are promoted to a pro-fusogenic state as a prerequisite to prepare a fusion process. A pro-fusogenic state requires significant changes including restructure of the cytoskeleton, e.g., by the formation of F-actin. Moreover, distinct plasma membrane lipids such as phosphatidylserine play an important role during cell fusion. In addition, the expression of distinct fusogenic factors such as syncytins and corresponding receptors are of fundamental importance to enable cellular mergers. Subsequent hybrid formation and fusion are followed by a post-hybrid selection process. Fusion among normal cells is important and often required during organismal development. Cancer cells fusion appears more rarely and is associated with the generation of new cancer hybrid cell populations. These cancer hybrid cells contribute to an elevated tumour plasticity by altered metastatic behaviour, changes in therapeutic and apoptotic responses, and even in the formation of cancer stem/ initiating cells. While many parts within this multi-step cascade are still poorly understood, this review article predominantly focusses on the intracellular necessities for fusion among cancer cells or with other cell populations of the tumour microenvironment. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany.
| | - Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Iftikhar FJ, Shah A, Wali Q, Kokab T. Advancements in Nanofiber-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Diagnostic Applications. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040416. [PMID: 37185491 PMCID: PMC10136113 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors are analytical tools that can be used as simple, real-time, and effective devices in clinical diagnosis, food analysis, and environmental monitoring. Nanoscale functional materials possess unique properties such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, making them useful for biomedical diagnostic purposes. Nanoengineering has resulted in the increased use of nanoscale functional materials in biosensors. Various types of nanostructures i.e., 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D, have been intensively employed to enhance biosensor selectivity, limit of detection, sensitivity, and speed of response time to display results. In particular, carbon nanotubes and nanofibers have been extensively employed in electrochemical biosensors, which have become an interdisciplinary frontier between material science and viral disease detection. This review provides an overview of the current research activities in nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensors for diagnostic purposes. The clinical applications of these nanobiosensors are also highlighted, along with a discussion of the future directions for these materials in diagnostics. The aim of this review is to stimulate a broader interest in developing nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensors and improving their applications in disease diagnosis. In this review, we summarize some of the most recent advances achieved in point of care (PoC) electrochemical biosensor applications, focusing on new materials and modifiers enabling biorecognition that have led to improved sensitivity, specificity, stability, and response time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Jan Iftikhar
- School of Applied Sciences & Humanities, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Afzal Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Wali
- School of Applied Sciences & Humanities, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tayyaba Kokab
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Zou Y, Zhang X, Liang J, Peng L, Qin J, Zhou F, Liu T, Dai L. Mucin 1 aggravates synovitis and joint damage of rheumatoid arthritis by regulating inflammation and aggression of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:639-651. [PMID: 36048147 PMCID: PMC9533250 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.119.bjr-2021-0398.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To explore the synovial expression of mucin 1 (MUC1) and its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as the possible downstream mechanisms. Methods Patients with qualified synovium samples were recruited from a RA cohort. Synovium from patients diagnosed as non-inflammatory orthopaedic arthropathies was obtained as control. The expression and localization of MUC1 in synovium and fibroblast-like synoviocytes were assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Small interfering RNA and MUC1 inhibitor GO-203 were adopted for inhibition of MUC1. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) was used as an activator of Rho-associated pathway. Expression of inflammatory cytokines, cell migration, and invasion were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Transwell chamber assay. Results A total of 63 RA patients and ten controls were included. Expression of MUC1 was observed in both the synovial lining and sublining layer. The percentage of MUC1+ cells in the lining layer of synovium was significantly higher in RA than that in control, and positively correlated to joint destruction scores of RA. Meanwhile, MUC1+ cells in the sublining layer were positively correlated to the Krenn subscore of inflammatory infiltration. Knockdown of MUC1, rather than GO-203 treatment, ameliorated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, cell migration, and invasion of rheumatoid synoviocytes. Knockdown of MUC1 decreased expression of RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1. Treatment with LPA compromised the inhibition of migration and invasion, but not inflammation, of synoviocytes by MUC1 knockdown. Conclusion Upregulated MUC1 promotes the aggression of rheumatoid synoviocytes via Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), thereby facilitating synovitis and joint destruction during the pathological process of RA. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(9):639–651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjian Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqin Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Qin
- Zhong Shan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Zhong Shan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Zhong Shan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lie Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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MUC1-mediated Macrophage Activation Promotes Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer via Activating the Interleukin-6/ Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Axis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:789-811. [PMID: 35809803 PMCID: PMC9424590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS MUC1 is abnormally expressed in colorectal cancer, including colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), but its role in tumorigenesis is unclear. This study investigated MUC1's effects in murine models of colitis and CAC and elucidated mechanisms of action. METHODS Colitis and CAC were induced in mice by exposure to dextran sodium sulfate or azoxymethane plus dextran sodium sulphate. Clinical parameters, immune cell infiltration, and tumor development were monitored throughout disease progression. Experiments in knockout mice and bone marrow chimeras were combined with an exploration of immune cell abundance and function. RESULTS Deficiency of Muc1 suppressed inflammation, inhibited tumor progression, increased abundance of CD8+ T lymphocytes, and reduced abundance of macrophages in colon tumors. Bone marrow chimeras showed promotion of CAC was primarily mediated by Muc1-expressing hematopoietic cells, and that MUC1 promoted a pro-tumoral immunosuppressive macrophage phenotype within tumors. Mechanistic studies revealed that Muc1 deficiency remarkably reduced interleukin-6 levels in the colonic tissues and tumors that was mainly produced by infiltrating macrophages at day 21, 42, and 85. In bone marrow-derived macrophages, MUC1 promoted responsiveness to chemoattractant and promoted activation into a phenotype with high Il6 and Ido1 expression, secreting factors which inhibited CD8+ T cell proliferation. MUC1 potently drives macrophages to produce interleukin-6, which in turn drives a pro-tumorigenic activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in colon epithelial tumor and stromal cells, ultimately increasing the occurrence and development of CAC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide cellular and molecular mechanisms for the pro-tumorigenic functions of MUC1 in the inflamed colon. Therapeutic strategies to inhibit MUC1 signal transduction warrant consideration for the prevention or therapy of CAC.
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Kim JH, Suh YJ, Park D, Yim H, Kim H, Kim HJ, Yoon DS, Hwang KS. Technological advances in electrochemical biosensors for the detection of disease biomarkers. Biomed Eng Lett 2021; 11:309-334. [PMID: 34466275 PMCID: PMC8396145 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-021-00204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increasing focus on health in contemporary society, interest in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases has grown rapidly. Accordingly, the demand for biosensors for the early diagnosis of disease is increasing. However, the measurement range of existing electrochemical sensors is relatively high, which is not suitable for early disease diagnosis, requiring the detection of small amounts of biocomponents. Various attempts have been made to overcome this and amplify the signal, including binding with various labeling molecules, such as DNA, enzymes, nanoparticles, and carbon materials. Efforts are also being made to increase the sensitivity of electrochemical sensors, and the combination of nanomaterials, materials, and biotechnology offers the potential to increase sensitivity in a variety of ways. Recent studies suggest that electrochemical sensors can be a powerful tool in providing comprehensive insights into the targeting and detection of disease-associated biomarkers. Significant advances in nanomaterial and biomolecule approaches for improved sensitivity have resulted in the development of electrochemical biosensors capable of detecting multiple biomarkers in real time in clinically relevant samples. In this review, we have discussed the recent studies on electrochemical sensors for detection of diseases such as diabetes, degenerative diseases, and cancer. Further, we have highlighted new technologies to improve sensitivity using various materials, including DNA, enzymes, nanoparticles, and carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Suh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsung Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoju Yim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Hongrae Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Seon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
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Flanagan SP, Fogel R, Edkins AL, Ho LSJ, Limson J. Nonspecific nuclear uptake of anti-MUC1 aptamers by dead cells: the role of cell viability monitoring in aptamer targeting of membrane-bound protein cancer biomarkers. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1191-1203. [PMID: 33605950 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01878c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most aptamers targeting cell-expressed antigens are intended for in vivo application, however, these sequences are commonly generated in vitro against synthetic oligopeptide epitopes or recombinant proteins. As these in vitro analogues frequently do not mimic the in vivo target within an endogenous environment, the evolved aptamers are often prone to nonspecific binding. The presence of dead cells and cellular debris further complicate aptamer targeting, due to their high nonspecific affinities to single-stranded DNA. Despite these known limitations, assessment of cell viability and/or the removal of dead cells is rarely applied as part of the methodology during in vivo testing of aptamer binding. Furthermore, the extent and route(s) by which dead cells uptake existing aptamers remains to be determined in the literature. For this purpose, the previously reported aptamer sequences 5TR1, 5TR4, 5TRG2 and S22 - enriched against the MUC1 tumour marker of the mucin glycoprotein family - were used as model sequences to evaluate the influence of cell viability and the presence of nontarget cell-expressed protein on aptamer binding to the MUC1 expressing human cancer cell lines MCF-7, Hs578T, SW480, and SW620. From fluorescence microscopy analysis, all tested aptamers demonstrated extensive nonspecific uptake within the nuclei of dead cells with compromised membrane integrities. Using fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS), the inclusion of excess double-stranded DNA as a blocking agent showed no effect on nonspecific aptamer uptake by dead cells. Further nonspecific binding to cell-membrane bound and intracellular protein was evident for each aptamer sequence, as assessed by southwestern blotting and FACS. These factors likely contributed to the ∼120-fold greater binding response of the 5TR1 aptamer to dead MCF-7 cells over equivalent live cell populations. The identification of dead cells and cellular debris using viability stains and the subsequent exclusion of these cells from FACS analysis was identified as an essential requirement for the evaluation of aptamer binding specificity to live cell populations of the cancer cell lines MCF-7, Hs578T and SW480. The research findings stress the importance of dead cell uptake and more comprehensive cell viability screening to validate novel aptamer sequences for diagnostic and therapeutic application.
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Role of MSC in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082107. [PMID: 32751163 PMCID: PMC7464647 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment represents a dynamically composed matrix in which tissue-associated cancer cells are embedded together with a variety of further cell types to form a more or less separate organ-like structure. Constantly mutual interactions between cells of the tumor microenvironment promote continuous restructuring and growth in the tumor. A distinct organization of the tumor stroma also facilitates the formation of transient cancer stem cell niches, thereby contributing to progressive and dynamic tumor development. An important but heterogeneous mixture of cells that communicates among the cancer cells and the different tumor-associated cell types is represented by mesenchymal stroma-/stem-like cells (MSC). Following recruitment to tumor sites, MSC can change their functionalities, adapt to the tumor's metabolism, undergo differentiation and synergize with cancer cells. Vice versa, cancer cells can alter therapeutic sensitivities and change metastatic behavior depending on the type and intensity of this MSC crosstalk. Thus, close cellular interactions between MSC and cancer cells can eventually promote cell fusion by forming new cancer hybrid cells. Consequently, newly acquired cancer cell functions or new hybrid cancer populations enlarge the plasticity of the tumor and counteract successful interventional strategies. The present review article highlights some important features of MSC within the tumor stroma.
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Mucin-1 is required for Coxsackie Virus B3-induced inflammation in pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10656. [PMID: 31337812 PMCID: PMC6650496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Muc-1 oncoprotein is a tumor-associated mucin often overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. We report that knockout of Muc-1 reduced the degree of pancreatic inflammation that resulted from infection with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) in a mouse model. CVB3-infected Muc-1-deficient (Muc-1KO) mice had significantly reduced infiltration of macrophages into the murine pancreas. We found that Muc-1 signaling through NF-κB increased expression of ICAM-1, a pro-inflammatory mediator that recruits macrophages. Further investigation revealed that bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) from the Muc-1KO mice exhibited defective migration properties, in part due to low expression of the C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR2) and the integrin Very Late Antigen 4 (VLA-4). The results presented here provide novel insight into the role of Muc-1 in regulating the inflammatory response and the cellular microenvironment in pancreatitis.
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Kaushal N, Tiruchinapally G, Durmaz YY, Bao L, Gilani R, Merajver SD, ElSayed MEH. Synergistic inhibition of aggressive breast cancer cell migration and invasion by cytoplasmic delivery of anti-RhoC silencing RNA and presentation of EPPT1 peptide on "smart" particles. J Control Release 2018; 289:79-93. [PMID: 30149048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of RhoC protein in breast cancer patients has been linked to increased cancer cell invasion, migration, and metastases. Suppressing RhoC expression in aggressive breast cancer cells using silencing RNA (siRNA) molecules is a viable strategy to inhibit the metastatic spread of breast cancer. In this report, we describe the synthesis of a series of asymmetric pH-sensitive, membrane-destabilizing polymers engineered to complex anti-RhoC siRNA molecules forming "smart" nanoparticles. Using β-CD as the particle core, polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains were conjugated to the primary face via non-cleavable bonds and amphiphilic polymers incorporating hydrophobic and cationic monomers were grafted to the secondary face via acid-labile linkages. We investigated the effect of PEG molecular weight (2 & 5 kDa) on transfection capacity and serum stability of the formed particles. We evaluated the efficacy of EPPT1 peptides presented on the free tips of the PEG brush to function as a targeting ligand against underglycosylated MUC1 (uMUC1) receptors overexpressed on the surface of metastatic breast cancer cells. Results show that "smart" nanoparticles successfully delivered anti-RhoC siRNA into the cytoplasm of aggressive SUM149 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, which resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell migration and invasion. Further, EPPT1-targeted nanoparticles demonstrate a synergistic inhibition of cell migration and invasion imparted via RhoC knockdown and EPPT1-mediated signaling via the uMUC1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kaushal
- University of Michigan, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gopinath Tiruchinapally
- University of Michigan, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yasemin Yuksel Durmaz
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - LiWei Bao
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rabia Gilani
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sofia D Merajver
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mohamed E H ElSayed
- University of Michigan, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; University of Michigan, Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, 2300 Hayward Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts-stimulated interleukin-11 promotes metastasis of gastric cancer cells mediated by upregulation of MUC1. Exp Cell Res 2018; 368:184-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Melzer C, von der Ohe J, Hass R. Enhanced metastatic capacity of breast cancer cells after interaction and hybrid formation with mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSC). Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:2. [PMID: 29329589 PMCID: PMC5795285 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fusion of breast cancer cells with tumor-associated populations of the microenvironment including mesenchymal stroma/stem-like cells (MSC) represents a rare event in cell communication whereby the metastatic capacity of those hybrid cells remains unclear. Methods Functional changes were investigated in vitro and in vivo following spontaneous fusion and hybrid cell formation between primary human MSC and human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Thus, lentiviral eGFP-labeled MSC and breast cancer cells labeled with mcherry resulted in dual-fluorescing hybrid cells after co-culture. Results Double FACS sorting and single cell cloning revealed two different aneuploid male hybrid populations (MDA-hyb1 and MDA-hyb2) with different STR profiles, pronounced telomerase activities, and enhanced proliferative capacities as compared to the parental cells. Microarray-based mRNA profiling demonstrated marked regulation of genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and increased expression of metastasis-associated genes including S100A4. In vivo studies following subcutaneous injection of the breast cancer and the two hybrid populations substantiated the in vitro findings by a significantly elevated tumor growth of the hybrid cells. Moreover, both hybrid populations developed various distant organ metastases in a much shorter period of time than the parental breast cancer cells. Conclusion Together, these data demonstrate spontaneous development of new tumor cell populations exhibiting different parental properties after close interaction and subsequent fusion of MSC with breast cancer cells. This formation of tumor hybrids contributes to continuously increasing tumor heterogeneity and elevated metastatic capacities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0215-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Melzer
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Juliane von der Ohe
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany.
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Benedicto A, Romayor I, Arteta B. Role of liver ICAM-1 in metastasis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3883-3892. [PMID: 28943897 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like superfamily, consisting of five extracellular Ig-like domains, a transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. ICAM-1 is expressed in various cell types, including endothelial cells and leukocytes, and is involved in several physiological processes. Furthermore, it has additionally been reported to be expressed in various cancer cells, including melanoma, colorectal cancer and lymphoma. The majority of studies to date have focused on the expression of the ICAM-1 on the surface of tumor cells, without research into ICAM-1 expression at sites of metastasis. Cancer cells frequently metastasize to the liver, due to its unique physiology and specialized liver sinusoid capillary network. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells constitutively express ICAM-1, which is upregulated under inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, liver ICAM-1 may be important during the development of liver metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the understanding of the mechanisms mediated by this adhesion molecule in order to develop host-directed anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Benedicto
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of The Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, E-48940 Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Irene Romayor
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of The Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, E-48940 Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Beatriz Arteta
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of The Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, E-48940 Vizcaya, Spain
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14
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Abstract
The members of the Tear Film Subcommittee reviewed the role of the tear film in dry eye disease (DED). The Subcommittee reviewed biophysical and biochemical aspects of tears and how these change in DED. Clinically, DED is characterized by loss of tear volume, more rapid breakup of the tear film and increased evaporation of tears from the ocular surface. The tear film is composed of many substances including lipids, proteins, mucins and electrolytes. All of these contribute to the integrity of the tear film but exactly how they interact is still an area of active research. Tear film osmolarity increases in DED. Changes to other components such as proteins and mucins can be used as biomarkers for DED. The Subcommittee recommended areas for future research to advance our understanding of the tear film and how this changes with DED. The final report was written after review by all Subcommittee members and the entire TFOS DEWS II membership.
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15
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Cascio S, Finn OJ. Intra- and Extra-Cellular Events Related to Altered Glycosylation of MUC1 Promote Chronic Inflammation, Tumor Progression, Invasion, and Metastasis. Biomolecules 2016; 6:biom6040039. [PMID: 27754373 PMCID: PMC5197949 DOI: 10.3390/biom6040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered glycosylation of mucin 1 (MUC1) on tumor cells compared to normal epithelial cells was previously identified as an important antigenic modification recognized by the immune system in the process of tumor immunosurveillance. This tumor form of MUC1 is considered a viable target for cancer immunotherapy. The importance of altered MUC1 glycosylation extends also to its role as a promoter of chronic inflammatory conditions that lead to malignant transformation and cancer progression. We review here what is known about the role of specific cancer-associated glycans on MUC1 in protein-protein interactions and intracellular signaling in cancer cells and in their adhesion to each other and the tumor stroma. The tumor form of MUC1 also creates a different landscape of inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment by controlling the recruitment of inflammatory cells, establishing specific interactions with dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, and facilitating tumor escape from the immune system. Through multiple types of short glycans simultaneously present in tumors, MUC1 acquires multiple oncogenic properties that control tumor development, progression, and metastasis at different steps of the process of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cascio
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
- Fondazione Ri.Med, via Bandiera 11, Palermo 90133, Italy.
| | - Olivera J Finn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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16
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Ji H, Li B, Zhang S, He Z, Zhou Y, Ouyang L. Crk-like adapter protein is overexpressed in cervical carcinoma, facilitates proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance, and regulates Src and Akt signaling. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3811-3817. [PMID: 27895735 PMCID: PMC5104173 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of Crk-like (CrkL) adapter protein has been implicated in a number of types of human cancer. However, its involvement in human cervical carcinoma remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the clinical significance and biological characteristics of CrkL in human cervical carcinoma. CrkL protein expression was examined in tissue samples from 92 cases of cervical carcinoma using immunohistochemistry, and was found to be overexpressed in 48.9% (45/92 cases). CrkL was transfected into HeLa and CaSki cervical carcinoma cell lines and its effects on biological behavior were examined. CrkL overexpression was revealed to promote cell proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance. In addition, CrkL overexpression increased the level of Src and Akt phosphorylation. Treatment with the Src inhibitor dasatinib eliminated the effect of CrkL on cell invasion. In conclusion, the current results demonstrate that CrkL is an oncoprotein overexpressed in cervical carcinoma which contributes to malignant cell growth and chemoresistance. In addition, the findings indicate that CrkL promotes cervical cancer cell invasion through a Src-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ji
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shitai Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Zheng He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ouyang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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17
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Patel A, Sabbineni H, Clarke A, Somanath PR. Novel roles of Src in cancer cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, vascular permeability, microinvasion and metastasis. Life Sci 2016; 157:52-61. [PMID: 27245276 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Src-family kinases (SFKs), an intracellularly located group of non-receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in oncogenesis. The importance of SFKs has been implicated in the promotion of tumor cell motility, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. Recent evidences indicate that specific effects of SFKs on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as on endothelial and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment can have profound effects on tumor microinvasion and metastasis. Although, having been studied extensively, these novel features of SFKs may contribute to greater understanding of benefits from Src inhibition in various types of cancers. Here we review the novel role of SFKs, particularly c-Src in mediating EMT, modulation of tumor endothelial-barrier, transendothelial migration (microinvasion) and metastasis of cancer cells, and discuss the utility of Src inhibitors in vascular normalization and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Patel
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Harika Sabbineni
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Andrea Clarke
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States; Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
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18
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Sánchez-Bailón MP, Calcabrini A, Mayoral-Varo V, Molinari A, Wagner KU, Losada JP, Ciordia S, Albar JP, Martín-Pérez J. Cyr61 as mediator of Src signaling in triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13520-38. [PMID: 25980494 PMCID: PMC4537031 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SFKs are involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here we analyzed c-Src contribution to initial steps of metastasis by tetracycline-dependent expression of a specific shRNA-c-Src, which suppressed c-Src mRNA and protein levels in metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells. c-Src suppression did not alter cell proliferation or survival, but it significantly reduced anchorage-independent growth. Concomitantly with diminished tyrosine-phosphorylation/activation of Fak, caveolin-1, paxillin and p130CAS, c-Src depletion also inhibited cellular migration, invasion and transendothelial migration. Quantitative proteomic analyses of the secretome showed that Cyr61 levels, which were detected in the exosomal fraction, were diminished upon shRNA-c-Src expression. In contrast, Cyr61 expression was unaltered inside cells. Cyr61 partially colocalized with cis-Golgi gp74 marker and with exosomal marker CD63, but c-Src depletion did not alter their cellular distribution. In SUM159PT cells, transient c-Src suppression also reduced secreted exosomal Cyr61 levels. Furthermore, conditional expression of a c-Src dominant negative mutant (SrcDN, c-Src-K295M/Y527F) in MDA-MB-231 and in SUM159PT diminished secreted Cyr61 as well. Cyr61 transient suppression in MDA-MB-231 inhibited invasion and transendothelial migration. Finally, in both MDA-MB-231 and SUM159PT, a neutralizing Cyr61 antibody restrained migration. Collectively, these results suggest that c-Src regulates secreted proteins, including the exosomal Cyr61, which are involved in modulating the metastatic potential of triple negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pilar Sánchez-Bailón
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Annarica Calcabrini
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Dipartimento Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma 00161, Italy
| | - Víctor Mayoral-Varo
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Agnese Molinari
- Dipartimento Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma 00161, Italy
| | - Kay-Uwe Wagner
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA
| | - Jesús Pérez Losada
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CSIC/USAL), Campus Unamuno, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Albar
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jorge Martín-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas A. Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Yang H, Guan L, Li S, Jiang Y, Xiong N, Li L, Wu C, Zeng H, Liu Y. Mechanosensitive caveolin-1 activation-induced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway promotes breast cancer motility, invadopodia formation and metastasis in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 7:16227-47. [PMID: 26919102 PMCID: PMC4941310 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are subjected to fluid shear stress during passage through the venous and lymphatic system. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a principal structural component of caveolar membrane domains, contributes to cancer development but its mechanobiological roles under low shear stress (LSS) conditions remain largely unknown. Here, we identified Cav-1 is mechanosensitive to LSS exposure, and its activation-induced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling promotes motility, invadopodia formation and metastasis of breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. Application of LSS (1.8 and 4.0 dynes/cm2) to MDA-MB-231 cells significantly increased the cell motility, invadopodia formation, MT1-MMP expression, ECM degradation, and also induced a sustained activation of Cav-1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascades. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin-caused caveolae destruction markedly decreased LSS-induced activation of both Cav-1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, leading to suppress MT1-MMP expression, inhibit invadopodia formation and ECM degradation, suggesting that caveolae integrity also involved in metastasis. Immunocytochemical assay showed that LSS induces the Cav-1 clustering in lipid rafts and co-localization of Cav-1 and MT1-MMP on invadopodia. Immunofluorescence confocal analysis demonstrated that Cav-1 activation were required for the acquisition of a polarized phenotype in MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, Cav-1 knockdown significantly suppressed tumor colonization in the lungs and distant metastases in animal models. Our findings highlight the importance of Cav-1 in hematogenous metastasis, and provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of mechanotransduction induced by LSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Liuyuan Guan
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Niya Xiong
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Zeng
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, P.R. China
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20
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Mori Y, Akita K, Yashiro M, Sawada T, Hirakawa K, Murata T, Nakada H. Binding of Galectin-3, a β-Galactoside-binding Lectin, to MUC1 Protein Enhances Phosphorylation of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and Akt, Promoting Tumor Cell Malignancy. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:26125-40. [PMID: 26342075 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.651489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Both mucin 1 (MUC1) and galectin-3 are known to be overexpressed in various malignant tumors and associated with a poor prognosis. It has been extensively reported that MUC1 is involved in potentiation of growth factor-dependent signal transduction. Because some carbohydrate moieties carried on MUC1 change to preferable ones for binding of galectin-3 in cancer cells, we speculated that MUC1-mediated signaling may occur through direct binding of galectin-3. Immunochemical studies showed that the distribution of galectin-3 coincided with that of MUC1 in various human tumor tissues but not in human nonmalignant tissues, and the level of galectin-3 retained on the surface of various cancer cells paralleled that of MUC1. Treatment of MUC1-expressing cells with galectin-3 induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt following enhanced phosphorylation of MUC1 C-terminal domain, consistently promoting tumor cell malignancy. It is also noted that this enhanced phosphorylation occurred independently of EGF receptor-mediated signaling in both EGF receptor- and MUC1-expressing cells, and multivalency of galectin-3 was important for initiation of MUC1-mediated signaling. Expectedly, both silencing of endogenous galectin-3 and treatment with galectin-3 antagonists down-regulated cell proliferation of MUC1-expressing cells. These results suggest that the binding of galectin-3 to MUC1 plays a key role in MUC1-mediated signaling. Thus, constitutive activation of MUC1-mediated signaling in an autocrine/paracrine manner caused by ligation of galectin-3 promotes uncontrolled tumor cell malignancy. This signaling may be another MUC1-mediated pathway and function in parallel with a growth factor-dependent MUC1-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Mori
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- the Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, the Oncology Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, and
| | - Tetsuji Sawada
- the Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- the Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takeomi Murata
- the Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan,
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22
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Haddon L, Hugh J. MUC1-mediated motility in breast cancer: a review highlighting the role of the MUC1/ICAM-1/Src signaling triad. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:393-403. [PMID: 25759211 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women with the leading cause of death being metastasis, the spread of cancer to distant organs. For those patients with high-risk estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, an increased expression of the glycoprotein MUC1 is associated with resistance to anti-hormonal therapy, metastasis and death. Tumor cells may use MUC1 to metastasize by exploiting the vascular adhesion pathways used by leukocytes during the inflammatory response. MUC1 is a type 1 transmembrane protein whose cytoplasmic tail acts as a scaffold for several signaling pathways including the non-receptor kinase Src, a signaling molecule involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion and motility. This review will highlight our current knowledge of how MUC1/ICAM-1 binding can lead to the recruitment and activation of Src and propose a novel role for lipid raft microdomains in this promigratory signaling. Improved understanding of the mechanism of metastases and the underlying signaling cascade is a prerequisite to the discovery of therapeutic targets to prevent metastasis and death in ER+ breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey Haddon
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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23
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Bouillez A, Gnemmi V, Gaudelot K, Hémon B, Ringot B, Pottier N, Glowacki F, Butruille C, Cauffiez C, Hamdane M, Sergeant N, Van Seuningen I, Leroy X, Aubert S, Perrais M. MUC1-C nuclear localization drives invasiveness of renal cancer cells through a sheddase/gamma secretase dependent pathway. Oncotarget 2015; 5:754-63. [PMID: 24504508 PMCID: PMC3996672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC1 is a membrane-anchored mucin and its cytoplasmic tail (CT) can interact with many signaling pathways and act as a co-transcription factor to activate genes involved in tumor progression and metastasis. MUC1 is overexpressed in renal cell carcinoma with correlation to prognosis and has been implicated in the hypoxic pathway, the main renal carcinogenetic pathway. In this context, we assessed the effects of MUC1 overexpression on renal cancer cells properties. Using shRNA strategy and/or different MUC1 constructs, we found that MUC1-extracellular domain and MUC1-CT are involved in increase of migration, cell viability, resistance to anoikis and in decrease of cell aggregation in cancer cells. Invasiveness depends only on MUC1-CT. Then, by using siRNA strategy and/or pharmacological inhibitors or peptides, we showed that sheddases ADAM10, ADAM17 and gamma-secretase are necessary for MUC1 C-terminal subunit (MUC1-C) nuclear location and in increase of invasion property. Finally, MUC1 overexpression increases ADAM10/17 protein expression suggesting a positive regulatory loop. In conclusion, we report that MUC1 acts in renal cancer progression and MUC1-C nuclear localization drives invasiveness of cancer cells through a sheddase/gamma secretase dependent pathway. MUC1 appears as a therapeutic target by blocking MUC1 cleavage or nuclear translocation by using pharmacological approach and peptide strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bouillez
- Inserm, UMR837, Equipe 5 "Mucines, différenciation et cancérogenèse épithéliales", Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Lille Cedex, France
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Mori Y, Akita K, Tanida S, Ishida A, Toda M, Inoue M, Yashiro M, Sawada T, Hirakawa K, Nakada H. MUC1 protein induces urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) by forming a complex with NF-κB p65 transcription factor and binding to the uPA promoter, leading to enhanced invasiveness of cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:35193-204. [PMID: 25371209 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.586461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is overexpressed in various human malignant tumors and its expression is correlated with a poor prognosis. MUC1 engages in signal transduction by interacting with receptors for growth and differentiation factors, which contributes to the growth and survival of cancer cells. However, the mechanism by which MUC1 promotes cancer cell invasion remains unclear. Microarray analysis revealed that expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) was elevated in MUC1-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, up- and down-modulation of MUC1 expression was clearly correlated with the change of uPA expression. An immunochemical study showed that the distribution of uPA coincided with that of MUC1 in various human cancer tissues. The MUC1 C-terminal domain (MUC1-CD) was associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in MUC1-expressing cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays demonstrated that MUC1-CD existed with NF-κB p65 on the uPA promoter. Luciferase assays indicated that the uPA transcriptional activity was correlated with the level of MUC1 expression and that this MUC1-enhancing effect on the uPA transcription was abolished by introduction of mutations into the NF-κB binding sites on the uPA promoter. These results indicate that formation of the MUC1-CD and NF-κB p65 complex enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and subsequent occupancy of NF-κB binding region on the uPA promoter, leading to elevated transcription of uPA. We also demonstrated that uPA induced by MUC1 enhanced the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 activities, and consequently promoted cancer cell invasion. Thus, a MUC1 co-operating NF-κB signaling pathway plays a critical role in cancer cell invasion in MUC1-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Mori
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tanida
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishida
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Munetoyo Toda
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Mizue Inoue
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, and Oncology Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Sawada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, and
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, and
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan,
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Liao G, Wang M, Ou Y, Zhao Y. IGF-1-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition in MCF-7 cells is mediated by MUC1. Cell Signal 2014; 26:2131-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Comparison of the transmembrane mucins MUC1 and MUC16 in epithelial barrier function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100393. [PMID: 24968021 PMCID: PMC4072602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane-anchored mucins are present in the apical surface glycocalyx of mucosal epithelial cells, each mucosal epithelium having at least two of the mucins. The mucins have been ascribed barrier functions, but direct comparisons of their functions within the same epithelium have not been done. In an epithelial cell line that expresses the membrane-anchored mucins, MUC1 and MUC16, the mucins were independently and stably knocked down using shRNA. Barrier functions tested included dye penetrance, bacterial adherence and invasion, transepithelial resistance, tight junction formation, and apical surface size. Knockdown of MUC16 decreased all barrier functions tested, causing increased dye penetrance and bacterial invasion, decreased transepithelial resistance, surprisingly, disruption of tight junctions, and greater apical surface cell area. Knockdown of MUC1 did not decrease barrier function, in fact, barrier to dye penetrance and bacterial invasion increased significantly. These data suggest that barrier functions of membrane-anchored mucins vary in the context of other membrane mucins, and MUC16 provides a major barrier when present.
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Chang K, Pi Y, Lu W, Wang F, Pan F, Li F, Jia S, Shi J, Deng S, Chen M. Label-free and high-sensitive detection of human breast cancer cells by aptamer-based leaky surface acoustic wave biosensor array. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 60:318-24. [PMID: 24836014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A label-free and high-sensitive sensing technology for tumor cell recognition and detection was developed based on a novel 2 × 3 model of leaky surface acoustic wave (LSAW) aptasensor array. In this methodology, every resonator crystal unit of the LSAW aptasensor array had an individual oscillator circuit to work without mutual interference, and could oscillate independently with the phase shift stability of ± 0.15° in air phase and ± 0.3° in liquid phase. The aptamer was firstly assembled to the gold electrode surface of 100 MHz LiTaO3 piezoelectric crystal, which could effectively captured target cells (MCF-7 cells) based on the specific interaction between aptamer and the overexpression of MUC1 protein on tumor cell surface. The aptamer-cell complexes increased the mass loading of LSAW aptasensor and led to phase shifts of LSAW. The plot of phase shift against the logarithm of concentration of MCF-7 cells was linear over the range from 1 × 10(2) cells mL(-1) to 1 × 10(7) cells mL(-1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.994. The detection limit as low as 32 cells mL(-1) was achieved for MCF-7 cells. The LSAW aptasensor also exhibited excellent specificity and stability. In addition, this aptasensor could be regenerated for ten times without irreversible loss of activity. Therefore, the LSAW aptasensor may offer a promising approach for tumor cell detection and have great potential in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yan Pi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Weiping Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Fake Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Shuangrong Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jianfeng Shi
- The 26th Research Institute, Chinese Electronic Scientific and Technical Group Company, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Shaoli Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Li Q, Wang F, Liu G, Yuan H, Chen T, Wang J, Xie F, Zhai R, Wang F, Guo Y, Ni W, Tai G. Impact of Mucin1 knockdown on the phenotypic characteristics of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2811-9. [PMID: 24737121 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a key role as an oncogene in the tumorigenesis of many human adenocarcinomas. However, the role of MUC1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains unclear. In the present study, we silenced MUC1 to investigate its effect on the human HCC cell line SMMC-7721 and found that knockdown of MUC1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, enhanced cell-cell aggregation and induced apoptosis. No significant differences were found in in vitro migration or invasion. We also observed that knockdown of MUC1 decreased the translocation of β‑catenin to the nucleus, reduced the activity of T cell factor and blocked the expression of cyclin D1 and c-Myc. In addition, MUC1 knockdown enhanced the expression of E-cadherin, a molecular chaperone of β‑catenin that plays an important role in cell-cell aggregation. In vivo assays demonstrated that there was no tumor growth in mice injected with MUC1-silenced cells. Global gene expression analysis showed that a series of genes encoding molecules in the Wnt/β‑catenin, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), insulin, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways were all influenced by the knockdown of MUC1, and these may contribute to the phenotypic alterations observed. Collectively, our results indicate that MUC1 plays a key role in HCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongshu Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Fengli Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Guomu Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Yuan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Tanxiu Chen
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ruiping Zhai
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Ni
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Guixiang Tai
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Lipid-polymer nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin for modulating the vascular deposition of breast cancer cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 10:991-1002. [PMID: 24566270 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vascular adhesion and endothelial transmigration are critical steps in the establishment of distant metastasis by circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Also, vascular inflammation plays a pivotal role in steering CTCs out of the blood stream. Here, long circulating lipid-polymer nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin (NANOCurc) are proposed for modulating the vascular deposition of CTCs. Upon treatment with NANOCurc, the adhesion propensity of highly metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) onto TNF-α stimulated endothelial cells (HUVECs) reduces by ~70%, in a capillary flow. Remarkably, the CTCs vascular deposition already reduces up to ~50% by treating solely the inflamed HUVECs. The CTCs arrest is mediated by the interaction between ICAM-1 on HUVECs and MUC-1 on cancer cells, and moderate doses of curcumin down-regulate the expression of both molecules. This suggests that NANOCurc could prevent metastasis and limit the progression of the disease by modulating vascular inflammation and impairing the CTCs arrest. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this novel study, lipid nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin were able to prevent metastasis formation and limited the progression of the disease by modulating vascular inflammation and impairing the circulating tumor cells' arrest as a result of down-regulation of ICAM1 and MUC1 in a highly metastatic breast cancer cell line model.
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Galectin-3 binds to MUC1-N-terminal domain and triggers recruitment of β-catenin in MUC1-expressing mouse 3T3 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:1790-7. [PMID: 24561267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galectin-3 is expressed in a variety of tumors and its expression level is related with tumor progression. Aberrant expression of MUC1 in various tumors is also associated with a poor prognosis. It has been reported that MUC1 is a natural ligand of galectin-3. METHODS A stable MUC1 transfectant was produced by introducing MUC1 cDNA into mouse 3T3 fibroblasts (MUC1/3T3 cells). MUC1 was prepared from MUC1/3T3 cells; MUC1-N-terminal domain (MUC1-ND) and -C-terminal domain (MUC1-CD) were separated by CsCl ultracentrifugation, and then the galectin-3-binding domain was determined by co-immuniprecipitation assay. After ligation of galectin-3 to 3T3/MUC1 cells, MUC1-CD was immunoprecipitated from the cell lysate. The immunoprecipitate was subjected to SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, followed by detection of co-immunoprecipitated β-catenin. RESULTS Galectin-3 binds to the N-terminal domain of MUC1 but not to the C-terminal one. Galectin-3 present on the cell surface increased with the expression of MUC1 and is colocalized with MUC1. It should be noted that β-catenin was detected in the immunoprecipitate with anti-MUC1-CD Ab from a lysate of galectin-3-treated 3T3/MUC1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Galectin-3 binds to MUC1-ND and triggers MUC1-mediated signaling in 3T3/MUC1 cells, leading to recruitment of β-catenin to MUC1-CD. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This signaling may be another MUC1-mediated pathway and function in parallel with a growth factor-dependent MUC1-mediated pathway.
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Pauling JK, Christensen AG, Batra R, Alcaraz N, Barbosa E, Larsen MR, Beck HC, Leth-Larsen R, Azevedo V, Ditzel HJ, Baumbach J. Elucidation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related pathways in a triple-negative breast cancer cell line model by multi-omics interactome analysis. Integr Biol (Camb) 2014; 6:1058-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ib00137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Network features discriminate between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotype in a triple-negative breast cancer cell line model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josch K. Pauling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Faculty of Science
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne G. Christensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense, Denmark
| | - Richa Batra
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
- University of Southern Denmark
- Faculty of Science
- Odense, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Alcaraz
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense, Denmark
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
| | - Eudes Barbosa
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
- University of Southern Denmark
- Faculty of Science
- Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin R. Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Faculty of Science
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology
| | - Hans C. Beck
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology
- Centre for Clinical Proteomics
- Odense University Hospital
- Odense, Denmark
| | - Rikke Leth-Larsen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense, Denmark
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Institute of Biological Sciences
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Genetic
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Henrik J. Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense, Denmark
- Department of Oncology
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
- University of Southern Denmark
- Faculty of Science
- Odense, Denmark
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32
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MUC1 has prognostic significance in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Int J Biol Markers 2013; 28:303-12. [PMID: 23828409 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of MUC1 predicts poor survival in most cancers. Routine immunohistochemical detection of MUC1 is performed for differential diagnosis in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM). However, the prognostic significance of MUC1 in MPM has not been determined.
METHOD We investigated MUC1 expression and other prognostic factors in relation to survival in 42 patients (20 males and 22 females) for whom archival samples were available, using immunohistochemistry. MUC1 was expressed in 38/42 (90%) patients. Its prognostic significance was statistically analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.
RESULTS High expression of MUC1 (immunohistochemical score of 5-8), was correlated with poor survival in several categories: all subtypes of tumors (p=0.001), male gender (p=0.017), female gender (p=0.001), epitheloid tumors (p=0.001), epitheloid tumors in males (p=0.005), epitheloid tumors in females (p=0.003), and age at diagnosis (AAD) <60 years (p=0.001). Amongst the other clinicopathological variables, univariate analysis also showed that male gender (p=0.007), sarcomatoid histology (p=0.001), peritoneal cancer index (PCI) ≥20 (p=0.013) and AAD ≥60 (p=0.001), correlated with poor survival. Multivariate analysis showed that only AAD ≥60 (p=0.049) was an independent prognostic factor, and that high MUC1 expression significantly correlated with the following categories: all subtypes of tumors (p=0.001), male gender (p=0.002), female gender (p=0.031), epitheloid tumors (p=0.031), and AAD <60y (p=0.012).
CONCLUSION AAD and high MUC1 expression in the tumor are indicators of poor prognosis. MUC1 evaluation by immunohistochemistry may serve as a useful prognostic tool in MPM, but may need further confirmation in a larger patients' cohort.
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33
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Tanida S, Akita K, Ishida A, Mori Y, Toda M, Inoue M, Ohta M, Yashiro M, Sawada T, Hirakawa K, Nakada H. Binding of the sialic acid-binding lectin, Siglec-9, to the membrane mucin, MUC1, induces recruitment of β-catenin and subsequent cell growth. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:31842-52. [PMID: 24045940 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.471318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Because MUC1 carries a variety of sialoglycans that are possibly recognized by the siglec family, we examined MUC1-binding siglecs and found that Siglec-9 prominently bound to MUC1. An immunochemical study showed that Siglec-9-positive immune cells were associated with MUC1-positive cells in human colon, pancreas, and breast tumor tissues. We investigated whether or not this interaction has any functional implications for MUC1-expressing cells. When mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells and a human colon cancer cell line, HCT116, stably transfected with MUC1cDNA were ligated with recombinant soluble Siglec-9, β-catenin was recruited to the MUC1 C-terminal domain, which was enhanced on stimulation with soluble Siglec-9 in dose- and time-dependent manners. A co-culture model of MUC1-expressing cells and Siglec-9-expressing cells mimicking the interaction between MUC1-expressing malignant cells, and Siglec-9-expressing immune cells in a tumor microenvironment was designed. Brief co-incubation of Siglec-9-expressing HEK293 cells, but not mock HEK293 cells, with MUC1-expressing cells similarly enhanced the recruitment of β-catenin to the MUC1 C-terminal domain. In addition, treatment of MUC1-expressing cells with neuraminidase almost completely abolished the effect of Siglec-9 on MUC1-mediated signaling. The recruited β-catenin was thereafter transported to the nucleus, leading to cell growth. These findings suggest that Siglec-9 expressed on immune cells may play a role as a potential counterreceptor for MUC1 and that this signaling may be another MUC1-mediated pathway and function in parallel with a growth factor-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Tanida
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
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Mruk DD, Xiao X, Lydka M, Li MWM, Bilinska B, Cheng CY. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1: recent findings and new concepts involved in mammalian spermatogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2013; 29:43-54. [PMID: 23942142 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis, the process of spermatozoa production, is regulated by several endocrine factors, including testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and estradiol 17β. For spermatogenesis to reach completion, developing germ cells must traverse the seminiferous epithelium while remaining transiently attached to Sertoli cells. If germ cell adhesion were to be compromised for a period of time longer than usual, germ cells would slough from the seminiferous epithelium and infertility would result. Presently, Sertoli-germ cell adhesion is known to be mediated largely by classical and desmosomal cadherins. More recent studies, however, have begun to expand long-standing concepts and to examine the roles of other proteins such as intercellular adhesion molecules. In this review, we focus on the biology of intercellular adhesion molecules in the mammalian testis, hoping that this information is useful in the design of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores D Mruk
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Marta Lydka
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Michelle W M Li
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Barbara Bilinska
- Institute of Zoology, Department of Endocrinology, The Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States
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Goudarzi H, Iizasa H, Furuhashi M, Nakazawa S, Nakane R, Liang S, Hida Y, Yanagihara K, Kubo T, Nakagawa K, Kobayashi M, Irimura T, Hamada JI. Enhancement of in vitro cell motility and invasiveness of human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells through the HIF-1α-MUC1 pathway. Cancer Lett 2013; 339:82-92. [PMID: 23879962 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of hypoxia on the malignancy of human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cell lines, and found (1) hypoxia enhanced motility and invasiveness of human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells; (2) this phenomenon resulted from increased expression of sialylated MUC1 through the activation of HIF-1 pathway; (3) two HIF-binding sites located in the promoter region of MUC1 were important for MUC1 transactivation under hypoxia. These findings are useful for better understanding molecular mechanisms of aggressive behavior of MPM cells and for targeting them in the clinical therapies for MPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Goudarzi
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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Pongrakhananon V, Chunhacha P, Chanvorachote P. Ouabain suppresses the migratory behavior of lung cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68623. [PMID: 23874694 PMCID: PMC3707866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The migratory capability of cancer cells is one of the most important hallmarks reflecting metastatic potential. Ouabain, an endogenous cardiac glycoside produced by the adrenal gland, has been previously reported to have anti-tumor activities; however, its role in the regulation of cancer cell migration remains unknown. The present study has revealed that treatment with ouabain at physiological concentrations is able to inhibit the migratory activities of human lung cancer H292 cells. The negative effects of ouabain were found to be mediated through the suppression of migration regulatory proteins, such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), ATP-dependent tyrosine kinase (Akt), and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42). We found that the observed actions of ouabain were mediated via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent mechanism because the addition of ROS scavengers (N-acetylcysteine and glutathione) could reverse the effect of ouabain on cell migration. Furthermore, ouabain was shown to inhibit the spheroidal tumor growth and decrease the cancer cell adhesion to endothelial cells. However, the compound had no significant effect on anoikis of the cells. Together, these findings shed light on the understanding of cancer cell biology by exploring the novel function of this endogenous human substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varisa Pongrakhananon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cell-based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preedakorn Chunhacha
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cell-based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cell-based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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37
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Liu CH, Chen TC, Chau GY, Jan YH, Chen CH, Hsu CN, Lin KT, Juang YL, Lu PJ, Cheng HC, Chen MH, Chang CF, Ting YS, Kao CY, Hsiao M, Huang CYF. Analysis of protein-protein interactions in cross-talk pathways reveals CRKL protein as a novel prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:1335-49. [PMID: 23397142 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o112.020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the network of signaling pathways in cancer via protein-protein interactions (PPIs) at the cellular level is a promising approach but remains incomplete. We used an in situ proximity ligation assay to identify and quantify 67 endogenous PPIs among 21 interlinked pathways in two hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, Huh7 (minimally migratory cells) and Mahlavu (highly migratory cells). We then applied a differential network biology analysis and determined that the novel interaction, CRKL-FLT1, has a high centrality ranking, and the expression of this interaction is strongly correlated with the migratory ability of HCC and other cancer cell lines. Knockdown of CRKL and FLT1 in HCC cells leads to a decrease in cell migration via ERK signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Our immunohistochemical analysis shows high expression levels of the CRKL and CRKL-FLT1 pair that strongly correlate with reduced disease-free and overall survival in HCC patient samples, and a multivariate analysis further established CRKL and the CRKL-FLT1 as novel prognosis markers. This study demonstrated that functional exploration of a disease network with interlinked pathways via PPIs can be used to discover novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronic and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Horm TM, Schroeder JA. MUC1 and metastatic cancer: expression, function and therapeutic targeting. Cell Adh Migr 2013; 7:187-98. [PMID: 23303343 DOI: 10.4161/cam.23131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MUC1 is a transmembrane mucin that is often overexpressed in metastatic cancers and often used as a diagnostic marker for metastatic progression. The extracellular domain of MUC1 can serve as a ligand for stromal and endothelial cell adhesion receptors, and the cytoplasmic domain engages in several interactions that can result in increased migration and invasion, as well as survival. In this review, we address the role of MUC1 in metastatic progression by assessing clinical studies reporting MUC1 levels at various disease stages, reviewing mouse models utilized to study the role of MUC1 in metastatic progression, discuss mechanisms of MUC1 upregulation, and detail MUC1 protein interactions and signaling events. We review interactions between MUC1 and the extracellular environment, with proteins colocalized in the plasma membrane and/or cytoplasmic proteins, and summarize the role of MUC1 in the nucleus as a transcriptional cofactor. Finally, we review recent publications describing current therapies targeting MUC1 in patients with advanced disease and the stage of these therapies in preclinical development or clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Horm
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Arizona Cancer Center and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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39
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Hass R, Otte A. Mesenchymal stem cells as all-round supporters in a normal and neoplastic microenvironment. Cell Commun Signal 2012; 10:26. [PMID: 22943670 PMCID: PMC3444900 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-10-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a heterogeneous population exhibiting stem cell-like properties which are distributed almost ubiquitously among perivascular niches of various human tissues and organs. Organismal requirements such as tissue damage determine interdisciplinary functions of resident MSC including self-renewal, migration and differentiation, whereby MSC support local tissue repair, angiogenesis and concomitant immunomodulation. However, growth of tumor cells and invasion also causes local tissue damage and injury which subsequently activates repair mechanisms and consequently, attracts MSC. Thereby, MSC exhibit a tissue-specific functional biodiversity which is mediated by direct cell-to-cell communication via adhesion molecule signaling and by a tightly regulated exchange of a multifactorial panel of cytokines, exosomes, and micro RNAs. Such interactions determine either tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibitory support by MSC. Moreover, fusion with necrotic/apoptotic tumor cell bodies contributes to re-program MSC into an aberrant phenotype also suggesting that tumor tissue in general represents different types of neoplastic cell populations including tumor-associated stem cell-like cells. The present work summarizes some functional characteristics and biodiversity of MSC and highlights certain controversial interactions with normal and tumorigenic cell populations, including associated modulations within the MSC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Lab, Gynecology Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OE 6410), Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str, 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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A novel sensing platform using aptamer and RNA polymerase-based amplification for detection of cancer cells. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 745:106-11. [PMID: 22938613 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious and lethal diseases around the world. Its early detection has become a challenging goal. To address this challenge, we developed a novel sensing platform using aptamer and RNA polymerase-based amplification for the detection of cancer cells. The assay uses the aptamer as a capture probe to recognize and bind the tumor marker on the surface of the cancer cells, forming an aptamer-based sandwich structure for collection of the cells in the microplate wells, and uses SYBR Green II dye as a tracer to produce strong fluorescence signal. The tumor marker interacts first with the recognition probes which were composed of the aptamer and single-stranded T7 RNA polymerase promoter. Then, the recognition probe hybridized with template probes to form a double-stranded T7 RNA polymerase promoter. This dsDNA region is extensively transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase to produce large amounts of RNAs, which are easily monitored using the SYBR Green II dye and a standard fluorometer, resulting in the amplification of the fluorescence signal. Using MCF-7 breast cancer cell as the model cell, the present sensing platform showed a linear range from 5.0×10(2) to 5.0×10(6) cells mL(-1) with a detection limit of 5.0×10(2) cells mL(-1). This work suggested a strategy to use RNA signal amplification combining aptamer recognition to develop a highly sensitive and selective method for cancer cells detection.
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Gunasekara N, Sykes B, Hugh J. Characterization of a novel weak interaction between MUC1 and Src-SH3 using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:832-6. [PMID: 22554509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer causes death through cancer cell migration and subsequent metastasis to distant organs. In vitro, the MUC1 mucin can mediate breast cancer cell migration by binding to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). This migration is dependent on MUC1 cytoplasmic domain (MUC1-CD) activation of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase, Src, possibly through competitive displacement of an inhibitory Src intramolecular SH3 binding. Therefore, we characterized the binding site and affinity of the MUC1-CD for Src-SH3 using multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to monitor the titration of the (15)N labeled Src-SH3 domain with synthetic native and mutant peptides of MUC1-CD. The results revealed that the dissociation constant (K(d)) for the interaction of the native MUC1-CD peptides and Src-SH3 domain was weak with a K(d) of 2-3 mM. Notably, the SH3 residues most perturbed upon peptide binding were located outside the usual hydrophobic binding cleft in a previously described alternate binding site on the Src-SH3, suggesting that MUC1-CD binds to a non-canonical site. The binding characteristics outlined here suggest that the interaction between Src-SH3 and MUC1-CD represents a novel weak electrostatic interaction of the type which is increasingly recognized as important in transient and dynamic protein complexes required for cell migration and signal transduction. As such, this study forms the foundation for the design of specific inhibitors of this interaction which may target breast cancer metastases with exquisite specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirosha Gunasekara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 5B4.21 WCM Health Science Centre, 8440-112th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2R7
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Costa NR, Paulo P, Caffrey T, Hollingsworth MA, Santos-Silva F. Impact of MUC1 mucin downregulation in the phenotypic characteristics of MKN45 gastric carcinoma cell line. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26970. [PMID: 22073229 PMCID: PMC3206881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The high mortality associated with this disease is in part due to limited knowledge about gastric carcinogenesis and a lack of available therapeutic and prevention strategies. MUC1 is a high molecular weight transmembrane mucin protein expressed at the apical surface of most glandular epithelial cells and a major component of the mucus layer above gastric mucosa. Overexpression of MUC1 is found in approximately 95% of human adenocarcinomas, where it is associated with oncogenic activity. The role of MUC1 in gastric cancer progression remains to be clarified. Methodology We downregulated MUC1 expression in a gastric carcinoma cell line by RNA interference and studied the effects on cellular proliferation (MTT assay), apoptosis (TUNEL assay), migration (migration assay), invasion (invasion assay) and aggregation (aggregation assay). Global gene expression was evaluated by microarray analysis to identify alterations that are regulated by MUC1 expression. In vivo assays were also performed in mice, in order to study the tumorigenicity of cells with and without MUC1 downregulation in MKN45 gastric carcinoma cell line. Results Downregulation of MUC1 expression increased proliferation and apoptosis as compared to controls, whereas cell-cell aggregation was decreased. No significant differences were found in terms of migration and invasion between the downregulated clones and the controls. Expression of TCN1, KLK6, ADAM29, LGAL4, TSPAN8 and SHPS-1 was found to be significantly different between MUC1 downregulated clones and the control cells. In vivo assays have shown that mice injected with MUC1 downregulated cells develop smaller tumours when compared to mice injected with the control cells. Conclusions These results indicate that MUC1 downregulation alters the phenotype and tumorigenicity of MKN45 gastric carcinoma cells and also the expression of several molecules that can be involved in tumorigenic events. Therefore, MUC1 should be further studied to better clarify its potential as a novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália R. Costa
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paulo
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Thomas Caffrey
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Disease, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Hollingsworth
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Disease, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Filipe Santos-Silva
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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Bernier AJ, Zhang J, Lillehoj E, Shaw ARE, Gunasekara N, Hugh JC. Non-cysteine linked MUC1 cytoplasmic dimers are required for Src recruitment and ICAM-1 binding induced cell invasion. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:93. [PMID: 21798038 PMCID: PMC3161956 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mucin MUC1, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in breast cancer and has been correlated with increased metastasis. We were the first to report binding between MUC1 and Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is expressed on stromal and endothelial cells throughout the migratory tract of a metastasizing breast cancer cell. Subsequently, we found that MUC1/ICAM-1 binding results in pro-migratory calcium oscillations, cytoskeletal reorganization, and simulated transendothelial migration. These events were found to involve Src kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase also implicated in breast cancer initiation and progression. Here, we further investigated the mechanism of MUC1/ICAM-1 signalling, focusing on the role of MUC1 dimerization in Src recruitment and pro-metastatic signalling. Methods To assay MUC1 dimerization, we used a chemical crosslinker which allowed for the detection of dimers on SDS-PAGE. We then generated MUC1 constructs containing an engineered domain which allowed for manipulation of dimerization status through the addition of ligands to the engineered domain. Following manipulation of dimerization, we immunoprecipitated MUC1 to investigate recruitment of Src, or assayed for our previously observed ICAM-1 binding induced events. To investigate the nature of MUC1 dimers, we used both non-reducing SDS-PAGE and generated a mutant construct lacking cysteine residues. Results We first demonstrate that the previously observed MUC1/ICAM-1signalling events are dependent on the activity of Src kinase. We then report that MUC1 forms constitutive cytoplasmic domain dimers which are necessary for Src recruitment, ICAM-1 induced calcium oscillations and simulated transendothelial migration. The dimers are not covalently linked constitutively or following ICAM-1 binding. In contrast to previously published reports, we found that membrane proximal cysteine residues were not involved in dimerization or ICAM-1 induced signalling. Conclusions Our data implicates non-cysteine linked MUC1 dimerization in cell signalling pathways required for cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn J Bernier
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 3-70 Heritage Medical Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
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Mellstedt H, Vansteenkiste J, Thatcher N. Vaccines for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: Investigational approaches and clinical experience. Lung Cancer 2011; 73:11-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Signaling mechanism of cell adhesion molecules in breast cancer metastasis: potential therapeutic targets. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 128:7-21. [PMID: 21499686 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is responsible for the majority of breast cancer-related deaths. The metastatic spread of cancer cells is a complicated process that requires considerable flexibility in the adhesive properties of both tumor cells and other interacting cells. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are membrane receptors that mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, and are essential for transducing intracellular signals responsible for adhesion, migration, invasion, angiogensis, and organ-specific metastasis. This review will discuss the recent advances in our understanding on the biological functions, signaling mechanisms, and therapeutic potentials of important CAMs involved in breast cancer metastasis.
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Peng Z, He Y, Yang Y, Zhu R, Bai J, Li Y, Yu H, Zhang X, Chen L, Chen W, Fang D, Wang R. Autoproteolysis of the SEA module of rMuc3 C-terminal domain modulates its functional composition. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 503:238-47. [PMID: 20727344 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
rMuc3 is a typical transmembrane mucin and contains a 174 amino acid domain called an SEA module in its C-terminal domain which is cleaved in eukaryotic cells. However, the mechanism by which the rMuc3 SEA module is proteolyzed and its biological significance has to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that the rMuc3 C-terminal domain was cleaved at LSKGSIVV motif within SEA module in prokaryotic cells, the time-dependence of the cleavage was found in the purified rMuc3 C-terminal domain carrying a mutated LSKASIVV motif expressed in bacteria. Thus, the cleavage of rMuc3 SEA module depended on autoproteolysis. The autoproteolysis of the SEA module of rMuc3 C-terminal domain played a critical role in the migration and invasion of the LoVo human colon cancer cells with rMuc3 C-terminal domain in vitro. The rMuc3 C-terminal domain induced a significant activation of HER/ErbB2 phosphorylated form (py1248) in LoVo cells. Inhibition of the phosphorylation by gefitinib (ZD1839) did attenuate migration and invasion of LoVo cells with rMuc3 C-terminal domain. Thus, rMuc3 C-terminal domain undergoes autoproteolysis at its SEA module, which maintains its availability for the potentiation of the signaling process that is modulated by HER/ErbB2 phosphorylation to promote the migration and invasion of LoVo cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Peng
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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Li T, Fan Q, Liu T, Zhu X, Zhao J, Li G. Detection of breast cancer cells specially and accurately by an electrochemical method. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 25:2686-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Shen Q, Lee ES, Pitts RL, Wu MH, Yuan SY. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 regulates matrix metalloproteinase-2-mediated endothelial barrier dysfunction and breast cancer cell transmigration through lung microvascular endothelial cells. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:939-51. [PMID: 20571065 PMCID: PMC5584073 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) have been implicated in multiple stages of cancer metastasis. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) plays an important role in regulating MMP-2 activity. By forming a ternary complex with pro-MMP-2 and its activator MMP-14 on the cell surface, TIMP-2 can either initiate or restrain the cleavage and subsequent activation of MMP-2. Our recent work has shown that breast cancer cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cells activates endothelial MMP-2, promoting tumor cell transendothelial migration (TEM(E)). However, the mechanism of MMP-2 regulation during TEM(E) remains unclear. In the current study, we present evidence that MMP-14 is expressed in both invasive breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436) and lung microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVEC-L), whereas TIMP-2 is exclusively expressed and released from the cancer cells. The tumor cell-derived TIMP-2 was further identified as a major determinant of endothelial MMP-2 activity during tumor cell transmigration in the presence of MMP-14. This response was associated with endothelial barrier dysfunction because coculture of MDA-MB-231 or MDA-MB-436 with HBMVEC-L caused a significant decrease in transendothelial electrical resistance concomitantly with endothelial cell-cell junction disruption and tumor cell transmigration. Knockdown of TIMP-2 or inhibition of TIMP-2/MMP-14 attenuated MMP-2-dependent transendothelial electrical resistance response and TEM(E). These findings suggest a novel interactive role of breast cancer cells and vascular endothelial cells in regulating the TIMP-2/MMP-14/MMP-2 pathway during tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shen
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
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Aubert S, Fauquette V, Hémon B, Lepoivre R, Briez N, Bernard D, Van Seuningen I, Leroy X, Perrais M. MUC1, a new hypoxia inducible factor target gene, is an actor in clear renal cell carcinoma tumor progression. Cancer Res 2009; 69:5707-15. [PMID: 19549898 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway is known as the main renal carcinogenetic pathway. MUC1, an O-glycoprotein membrane-bound mucin, is overexpressed in clear renal cell carcinomas (cRCC) with correlation to two major prognostic factors: tumor-node-metastasis stage and nuclear Fürhman grade. We questioned whether there is a direct link between the HIF pathway and MUC1 overexpression in renal tumors. Interestingly, we observed concomitant increase of HIF-1alpha and MUC1 in metastatic cRCC group versus nonmetastatic cRCC group. Using different renal cell models and small interfering RNA assays targeting either HIF-1alpha or YC-1, a HIF-1 pharmacologic inhibitor, we showed induction of MUC1 expression under hypoxia by a HIF-dependent mechanism. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed a direct binding of HIF-1alpha at the MUC1 promoter. In addition, combined site-directed mutagenesis and gel shift assay allowed the identification of two functional putative hypoxia responsive elements at -1488/-1485 and at -1510/-1507 in the promoter. Using a rat kidney model of ischemia/reperfusion, we confirmed in vivo that clamping renal pedicle for 1 hour followed by 2 hours of reperfusion induced increased MUC1 expression. Furthermore, MUC1 knockdown induced significant reduction of invasive and migration properties of renal cancer cells under hypoxia. Altogether, these results show that MUC1 is directly regulated by HIF-1alpha and affects the invasive and migration properties of renal cancer cells. Thus, MUC1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in cRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Aubert
- Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale, U837, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Lille, France
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Abstract
The role of mucin 1 (MUC1) in protecting epithelia from microbial infection, enzymatic digestion, and other irritants has been appreciated for some time. In addition, MUC1 serves as a barrier to embryo implantation. MUC1 is highly abundant in many tumors in which its role in barrier function may serve to protect cells from the host immune system, whereas MUC1 is less abundant in certain other cells-for example, in trophoblasts and hematopoietic cells. Most of the functions of MUC1 depend upon its large, extracellular ectodomain. Nonetheless, a series of studies have demonstrated a surprisingly diverse role for the small, highly conserved cytoplasmic domain of MUC1 in intracellular signaling. These intracellular activities have potential roles in the physiology of both malignant and nonmalignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Carson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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