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Bastos IM, Rebelo S, Silva VLM. A comprehensive review on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and its inhibitors bearing pyrazole or indazole core for cancer therapy. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111073. [PMID: 38823538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted group of diseases with a high mortality rate characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells. Dysregulation of normal signalling pathways in cancer contributes to the different hallmarks of this disease. The signalling pathway of which phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a part is not an exception. In fact, dysregulated activation of PI3K signalling pathways can result in unbridled cellular proliferation and enhanced cell survival, thereby fostering the onset and advancement of cancer. Therefore, there is substantial interest in developing targeted therapies specifically aimed at inhibiting the PI3K enzyme and its associated pathways. Also, the therapeutic interest on pyrazoles and indazoles has been growing due to their various medicinal properties, namely, anticancer activity. Derivatives of these compounds have been studied as PI3K inhibitors, and they showed promising results. There are already some PI3K inhibitors approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA), such as Idelalisib (Zydelig®) and Alpelisib (Piqray®). In this context, this review aims to address the importance of PI3K in cellular processes and its role in cancer. Additionally, it aims to report a comprehensive literature review of PI3K inhibitors, containing the pyrazole and indazole scaffolds, published in the last fifteen years, focusing on structure-activity relationship aspects, thus providing important insights for the design of novel and more effective PI3K inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M Bastos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandra Rebelo
- Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vera L M Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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2
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Lin H, Cao XX. Current State of Targeted Therapy in Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester Disease. Target Oncol 2024:10.1007/s11523-024-01080-x. [PMID: 38990463 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a key driver in many histiocytic disorders, including Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD). This has led to successful and promising treatment with targeted therapies, including BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors. Additional novel inhibitors have also demonstrated encouraging results. Nevertheless, there are several problems concerning targeted therapy that need to be addressed. These include, among others, incomplete responsiveness and the emergence of resistance to BRAF inhibition as observed in other BRAF-mutant malignancies. Drug resistance and relapse after treatment interruption remain problems with current targeted therapies. Targeted therapy does not seem to eradicate the mutated clone, leading to inevitable relapes, which is a huge challenge for the future. More fundamental research and clinical trials are needed to address these issues and to develop improved targeted therapies that can overcome resistance and achieve long-lasting remissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Lin
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Xin Cao
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
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3
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Espinosa I, D'Angelo E, Prat J. Endometrial carcinoma: 10 years of TCGA (the cancer genome atlas): A critical reappraisal with comments on FIGO 2023 staging. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 186:94-103. [PMID: 38615479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network described 4 molecular subgroups of endometrial carcinomas with different outcome: 1) POLE ultramutated endometrioid carcinomas which have an indolent behavior; 2) microsatellite instability hypermutated endometrioid carcinomas associated with intermediate prognosis; 3) copy-number low endometrioid carcinomas also with intermediate prognosis; and 4) copy-number high predominantly serous (non-endometrioid) but also serous-like endometrioid carcinomas, almost always carrying TP53 mutations, with poor clinical outcome. After 10 years of comprehensive analysis, it appears that the only real contribution of TCGA to the clinical management of these patients would be limited to the infrequent high-grade, early-stage endometrioid carcinomas with POLE exonuclease domain mutations, as these patients could benefit from a de-escalating treatment; knowledge about the other three subgroups has not changed significantly. The copy-number low (or non-specific genetic profile) which is the most frequent subgroup, is a mixture subgroup where investigators are currently trying to establish prognostic markers; for example, unexpected variations in a relatively small percentage of cases (i.e., CTNNB1 mutated or p53 aberrant low-grade and low-stage endometrioid carcinomas associated with unfavorable prognosis). On the other hand, TCGA has underlined that a small number of grade 3 endometrioid carcinomas, all TP53 mutated, overlap with copy-number high serous carcinomas. Recently, TCGA molecular subgroups have been integrated into the 2023 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging classification which incorporates other non-anatomic parameters like histotype, tumor grade, and lymphovascular space invasion. The result is a complicated and non-intuitive classification that makes its clinical application difficult and does not facilitate correspondence with the 2009 FIGO staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Espinosa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanuela D'Angelo
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Jaime Prat
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Fernandes I, Chehade R, MacKay H. PARP inhibitors in non-ovarian gynecologic cancers. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241255174. [PMID: 38882441 PMCID: PMC11179472 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241255174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) have transformed the treatment of ovarian cancer, particularly benefiting patients whose tumors harbor genomic events that result in impaired homologous recombination (HR) repair. The use of PARPi over recent years has expanded to include subpopulations of patients with breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. Their potential to benefit patients with non-ovarian gynecologic cancers is being recognized. This review examines the underlying biological rationale for exploring PARPi in non-ovarian gynecologic cancers. We consider the clinical data and place this in the context of the current treatment landscape. We review the development of PARPi strategies for treating patients with endometrial, cervical, uterine leiomyosarcoma, and vulvar cancers. Furthermore, we discuss future directions and the importance of understanding HR deficiency in the context of each cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania Chehade
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Helen MacKay
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
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Aisagbonhi O, Ghlichloo I, Hong DS, Roma A, Fadare O, Eskander R, Saenz C, Fisch KM, Song W. Comprehensive next-generation sequencing identifies novel putative pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in patients with concurrent tubo-ovarian and endometrial serous and endometrioid carcinomas or precursors. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 187:241-248. [PMID: 38833993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial serous carcinoma (ESC) and tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) are characterized by late-stage presentation and high mortality. Current guidelines for prevention recommend risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in patients with hereditary mutations in cancer susceptibility genes. However, HGSC displays extensive genetic heterogeneity with alterations in 168 genes identified in TCGA study, but current germline testing panels are often limited to the handful of recurrently mutated genes, leaving families with rare hereditary gene mutations potentially at-risk. OBJECTIVE To determine if there are rare germline mutations that may aid in early identification of more patients at-risk for ESC and/or HGSC by evaluating patients with concurrent ESC, HGSC or precursor lesions, and endometrial atypical hyperplasia (CAH) or low-grade endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (LGEEA). METHODS We performed targeted next-generation sequencing using TSO 500, a 523 gene panel, on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor and matched benign non-tumor tissue blocks from 5 patients with concurrent ESC, HGSC or precursor lesions, and CAH or LGEEA. RESULTS We identified germline pathogenic, likely pathogenic or uncertain significance variants in cancer susceptibility genes in 4 of 5 patients - affected genes included GLI1, PIK3R1, FOXP1, FANCD2, INPP4B and H3F3C. Notably, none of these genes were included in the commercially available germline testing panels initially used to evaluate the patients at the time of their diagnoses. CONCLUSION Comprehensive germline testing of patients with concurrent LGEEA or CAH and ESC, HGSC or precursor lesions may aid in early identification of relatives at-risk for cancer who may be candidates for RRSO with hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omonigho Aisagbonhi
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Ida Ghlichloo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Duncan S Hong
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andres Roma
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ramez Eskander
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl Saenz
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Fisch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Rausio H, Cervera A, Heuser VD, West G, Oikkonen J, Pianfetti E, Lovino M, Ficarra E, Taimen P, Hynninen J, Lehtonen R, Hautaniemi S, Carpén O, Huhtinen K. PIK3R1 fusion drives chemoresistance in ovarian cancer by activating ERK1/2 and inducing rod and ring-like structures. Neoplasia 2024; 51:100987. [PMID: 38489912 PMCID: PMC10955102 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Gene fusions are common in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). Such genetic lesions may promote tumorigenesis, but the pathogenic mechanisms are currently poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of a PIK3R1-CCDC178 fusion identified from a patient with advanced HGSC. We show that the fusion induces HGSC cell migration by regulating ERK1/2 and increases resistance to platinum treatment. Platinum resistance was associated with rod and ring-like cellular structure formation. These structures contained, in addition to the fusion protein, CIN85, a key regulator of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. Our data suggest that the fusion-driven structure formation induces a previously unrecognized cell survival and resistance mechanism, which depends on ERK1/2-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Rausio
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Alejandra Cervera
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vanina D Heuser
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Gun West
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Pianfetti
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Lovino
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Ficarra
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rainer Lehtonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Carpén
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Cobleigh MA, Layng KV, Mauer E, Mahon B, Hockenberry AJ, Abukhdeir AM. Comparative genomic analysis of PIK3R1-mutated and wild-type breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 204:407-414. [PMID: 38153569 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The PIK3R1 gene encodes the regulatory subunit-p85a-of the PI3K signaling complex. Prior studies have found that pathogenic somatic alterations in PIK3R1 are enriched in human breast cancers but the genomic landscape of breast cancer patients harboring PIK3R1 mutations has not been extensively characterized. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 6,009 patient records that underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) using the Tempus xT solid tumor assay. All patients had breast cancer with known HER2 (+/-) and hormone receptor (HR; +/-) status and were classified according to the presence of PIK3R1 mutations including short variants and copy number alterations. RESULTS The frequency of PIK3R1 mutations varied according to subtype: 6% in triple negative (TNBC, 89/1,475), 2% in HER2-/HR+ (80/3,893) and 2.3% in HER2+ (15/641) (p < 0.001). Co-mutations in PTEN, TP53 and NF1 were significantly enriched, co-mutations in PIK3CA were significantly less prevalent, and tumor mutational burden was significantly higher in PIK3R1-mutated HER2- samples relative to PIK3R1 wild-type. At the transcriptional-level, PIK3R1 RNA expression in HER2- disease was significantly higher in PIK3R1-mutated (excluding copy number loss) samples, regardless of subtype. CONCLUSION This is the largest investigation of the PIK3R1 mutational landscape in breast cancer patients (n = 6,009). PIK3R1 mutations were more common in triple-negative breast cancer (~ 6%) than in HER2 + or HER2-/HR + disease (approximately 2%). While alterations in the PI3K/AKT pathway are often actionable in HER2-/HR + breast cancer, our study suggests that PIK3R1 could be an important target in TNBC as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody A Cobleigh
- Rush University Medical Center, 1620 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | | | | | - Brett Mahon
- Tempus Labs Inc, 600 W Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60654, USA
| | | | - Abde M Abukhdeir
- Rush University Medical Center, 1620 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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8
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Kim CW, Lee JM, Park SW. Divergent roles of the regulatory subunits of class IA PI3K. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1152579. [PMID: 38317714 PMCID: PMC10839044 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1152579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), known as p85, is a critical component in the insulin signaling pathway. Extensive research has shed light on the diverse roles played by the two isoforms of p85, namely p85α and p85β. The gene pik3r1 encodes p85α and its variants, p55α and p50α, while pik3r2 encodes p85β. These isoforms exhibit various activities depending on tissue types, nutrient availability, and cellular stoichiometry. Whole-body or liver-specific deletion of pik3r1 have shown to display increased insulin sensitivity and improved glucose homeostasis; however, skeletal muscle-specific deletion of p85α does not exhibit any significant effects on glucose homeostasis. On the other hand, whole-body deletion of pik3r2 shows improved insulin sensitivity with no significant impact on glucose tolerance. Meanwhile, liver-specific double knockout of pik3r1 and pik3r2 leads to reduced insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. In the context of obesity, upregulation of hepatic p85α or p85β has been shown to improve glucose homeostasis. However, hepatic overexpression of p85α in the absence of p50α and p55α results in increased insulin resistance in obese mice. p85α and p85β have distinctive roles in cancer development. p85α acts as a tumor suppressor, but p85β promotes tumor progression. In the immune system, p85α facilitates B cell development, while p85β regulates T cell differentiation and maturation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the distinct functions attributed to p85α and p85β, highlighting their significance in various physiological processes, including insulin signaling, cancer development, and immune system regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Junsik M. Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sang Won Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Yeh YC, Chu PY, Lin SY, Wang SY, Ho HL, Wang YC. Comprehensive Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Sclerosing Pneumocytoma. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100354. [PMID: 37844870 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Sclerosing pneumocytoma is a rare and distinct lung neoplasm whose histogenesis and molecular alterations are the subject of ongoing research. Our recent study revealed that AKT1 internal tandem duplications (ITD), point mutations, and short indels were present in almost all tested sclerosing pneumocytomas, suggesting that AKT1 mutations are a major driving oncogenic event in this tumor. Although the pathogenic role of AKT1 point mutations is well established, the significance of AKT1 ITD in oncogenesis remains largely unexplored. We conducted comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analyses of sclerosing pneumocytoma to address this knowledge gap. RNA-sequencing data from 23 tumors and whole-exome sequencing data from 44 tumors were used to obtain insights into their genetic and transcriptomic profiles. Our analysis revealed a high degree of genetic and transcriptomic similarity between tumors carrying AKT1 ITD and those with AKT1 point mutations. Mutational signature analysis revealed COSMIC signatures 1 and 5 as the prevailing signatures of sclerosing pneumocytoma, associated with the spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine and an unknown etiology, respectively. RNA-sequencing data analysis revealed that the sclerosing pneumocytoma gene expression profile is characterized by activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which exhibits significant similarity between tumors harboring AKT1 ITD and those with AKT1 point mutations. Notably, an upregulation of SOX9, a transcription factor known for its involvement in fetal lung development, was observed in sclerosing pneumocytoma. Specifically, SOX9 expression was prominent in the round cell component, whereas it was relatively lower in the surface cell component of the tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive investigation of the genomic and transcriptomic characteristics of sclerosing pneumocytoma. Results of the present study provide insights into the molecular attributes of sclerosing pneumocytoma and a basis for future studies of this enigmatic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Yeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Yuan Chu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ying Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Deng B, Kong W, Suo H, Shen X, Newton MA, Burkett WC, Zhao Z, John C, Sun W, Zhang X, Fan Y, Hao T, Zhou C, Bae-Jump VL. Oleic Acid Exhibits Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Invasive Activities via the PTEN/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5407. [PMID: 38001668 PMCID: PMC10670880 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism promotes cell growth and metastasis through a variety of processes that stimulate signaling molecules, energy storage, and membrane biosynthesis in endometrial cancer. Oleic acid is one of the most important monounsaturated fatty acids in the human body, which appears to have both pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities in various pre-clinical models. In this study, we evaluated the potential anti-tumor effects of oleic acid in endometrial cancer cells and the LKB1fl/flp53fl/fl mouse model of endometrial cancer. Oleic acid increased lipogenesis, inhibited cell proliferation, caused cell cycle G1 arrest, induced cellular stress and apoptosis, and suppressed invasion in endometrial cancer cells. Targeting of diacylglycerol acyltransferases 1 and 2 effectively increased the cytotoxicity of oleic acid. Moreover, oleic acid significantly increased the expression of wild-type PTEN, and knockdown of PTEN by shRNA partially reversed the anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects of oleic acid. Inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway by ipatasertib effectively increased the anti-tumor activity of oleic acid in endometrial cancer cells. Oleic acid treatment (10 mg/kg, daily, oral) for four weeks significantly inhibited tumor growth by 52.1% in the LKB1fl/flp53fl/fl mice. Our findings demonstrated that oleic acid exhibited anti-tumorigenic activities, dependent on the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boer Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Weimin Kong
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Hongyan Suo
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Xiaochang Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Meredith A. Newton
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Wesley C. Burkett
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Catherine John
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Yali Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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11
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Dobish KK, Wittorf KJ, Swenson SA, Bean DC, Gavile CM, Woods NT, Ghosal G, Hyde RK, Buckley SM. FBXO21 mediated degradation of p85α regulates proliferation and survival of acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:2197-2208. [PMID: 37689825 PMCID: PMC10624613 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02020-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in the bone marrow (BM). Despite advances in therapy, the prognosis for AML patients remains poor, and there is a need to identify novel molecular pathways regulating tumor cell survival and proliferation. F-box ubiquitin E3 ligase, FBXO21, has low expression in AML, but expression correlates with survival in AML patients and patients with higher expression have poorer outcomes. Silencing FBXO21 in human-derived AML cell lines and primary patient samples leads to differentiation, inhibition of tumor progression, and sensitization to chemotherapy agents. Additionally, knockdown of FBXO21 leads to up-regulation of cytokine signaling pathways. Through a mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of FBXO21 in AML, we identified that FBXO21 ubiquitylates p85α, a regulatory subunit of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, for degradation resulting in decreased PI3K signaling, dimerization of free p85α and ERK activation. These findings reveal the ubiquitin E3 ligase, FBXO21, plays a critical role in regulating AML pathogenesis, specifically through alterations in PI3K via regulation of p85α protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasidy K Dobish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Hematopoietic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Karli J Wittorf
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samantha A Swenson
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dalton C Bean
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Hematopoietic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Catherine M Gavile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Hematopoietic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nicholas T Woods
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Eppley Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Gargi Ghosal
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R Katherine Hyde
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shannon M Buckley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Hematopoietic Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
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12
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Han SN, Oza A, Colombo N, Oaknin A, Raspagliesi F, Wenham RM, Braicu EI, Jewell A, Makker V, Krell J, Alía EMG, Baurain JF, Su Z, Neuwirth R, Vincent S, Sedarati F, Faller DV, Scambia G. A randomized phase 2 study of sapanisertib in combination with paclitaxel versus paclitaxel alone in women with advanced, recurrent, or persistent endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 178:110-118. [PMID: 37839313 PMCID: PMC11100409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This phase 2 study investigated sapanisertib (selective dual inhibitor of mTORC1/2) alone, or in combination with paclitaxel or TAK-117 (a selective small molecule inhibitor of PI3K), versus paclitaxel alone in advanced, recurrent, or persistent endometrial cancer. METHODS Patients with histologic diagnosis of endometrial cancer (1-2 prior regimens) were randomized to 28-day cycles on four treatment arms: 1) weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 (days 1, 8, and 15); 2) weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 + oral sapanisertib 4 mg on days 2-4, 9-11, 16-18, and 23-25; 3) weekly sapanisertib 30 mg, or 4) sapanisertib 4 mg + TAK-117 200 mg on days 1-3, 8-10, 15-17, and 22-24. RESULTS Of 241 patients randomized, 234 received treatment (paclitaxel, n = 87 [3 ongoing]; paclitaxel+sapanisertib, n = 86 [3 ongoing]; sapanisertib, n = 41; sapanisertib+TAK-117, n = 20). The sapanisertib and sapanisertib+TAK-117 arms were closed to enrollment after futility analyses. After a median follow-up of 14.4 (paclitaxel) versus 17.2 (paclitaxel+sapanisertib) months, median progression-free survival (PFS; primary endpoint) was 3.7 versus 5.6 months (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-1.15; p = 0.139); in patients with endometrioid histology (n = 116), median PFS was 3.3 versus 5.7 months (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.43-1.03). Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse event rates were 54.0% with paclitaxel versus 89.5% paclitaxel+sapanisertib. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support inclusion of chemotherapy combinations with investigational agents for advanced or metastatic disease. The primary endpoint was not met and toxicity was manageable. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02725268.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sileny N Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Amit Oza
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Milano-Bicocca and European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Gynaecologic Cancer Programme, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Raspagliesi
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert M Wenham
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Elena Ioana Braicu
- Department for Gynecology Campus Virchow, Charité Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Jewell
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Vicky Makker
- Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jean-François Baurain
- Medical Oncology Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zhenqiang Su
- Computational Biology, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Neuwirth
- Biostatistics, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Sylvie Vincent
- Translational Medicine, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Farhad Sedarati
- Oncology Clinical Research, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Douglas V Faller
- Oncology Clinical Research, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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13
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Cao L, Ruiz Buendía GA, Fournier N, Liu Y, Armand F, Hamelin R, Pavlou M, Radtke F. Resistance mechanism to Notch inhibition and combination therapy in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6240-6252. [PMID: 37358480 PMCID: PMC10589794 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in NOTCH1 are among the most frequent genetic alterations in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), highlighting the Notch signaling pathway as a promising therapeutic target for personalized medicine. Yet, a major limitation for long-term success of targeted therapy is relapse due to tumor heterogeneity or acquired resistance. Thus, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen to identify prospective resistance mechanisms to pharmacological NOTCH inhibitors and novel targeted combination therapies to efficiently combat T-ALL. Mutational loss of phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1) causes resistance to Notch inhibition. PIK3R1 deficiency leads to increased PI3K/AKT signaling, which regulates cell cycle and the spliceosome machinery, both at the transcriptional and posttranslational level. Moreover, several therapeutic combinations have been identified, in which simultaneous targeting of the cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) and NOTCH proved to be the most efficacious in T-ALL xenotransplantation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Cao
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gustavo A. Ruiz Buendía
- Translational Data Science, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Fournier
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Translational Data Science, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yuanlong Liu
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Armand
- Proteomics Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romain Hamelin
- Proteomics Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Pavlou
- Proteomics Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Freddy Radtke
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Padilla-Banks E, Jefferson WN, Papas BN, Suen AA, Xu X, Carreon DV, Willson CJ, Quist EM, Williams CJ. Developmental estrogen exposure in mice disrupts uterine epithelial cell differentiation and causes adenocarcinoma via Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT signaling. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002334. [PMID: 37856394 PMCID: PMC10586657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue development entails genetically programmed differentiation of immature cell types to mature, fully differentiated cells. Exposure during development to non-mutagenic environmental factors can contribute to cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. We used a mouse model of endometrial adenocarcinoma that results from brief developmental exposure to an estrogenic chemical, diethylstilbestrol (DES), to determine causative factors. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and spatial transcriptomics of adult control uteri revealed novel markers of uterine epithelial stem cells (EpSCs), identified distinct luminal and glandular progenitor cell (PC) populations, and defined glandular and luminal epithelium (LE) cell differentiation trajectories. Neonatal DES exposure disrupted uterine epithelial cell differentiation, resulting in a failure to generate an EpSC population or distinguishable glandular and luminal progenitors or mature cells. Instead, the DES-exposed epithelial cells were characterized by a single proliferating PC population and widespread activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The underlying endometrial stromal cells had dramatic increases in inflammatory signaling pathways and oxidative stress. Together, these changes activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT serine-threonine kinase signaling and malignant transformation of cells that were marked by phospho-AKT and the cancer-associated protein olfactomedin 4. Here, we defined a mechanistic pathway from developmental exposure to an endocrine disrupting chemical to the development of adult-onset cancer. These findings provide an explanation for how human cancers, which are often associated with abnormal activation of PI3K/AKT signaling, could result from exposure to environmental insults during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Padilla-Banks
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wendy N. Jefferson
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brian N. Papas
- Integrative Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alisa A. Suen
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Xin Xu
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Diana V. Carreon
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cynthia J. Willson
- Inotiv-RTP, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erin M. Quist
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carmen J. Williams
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
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15
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Zhi F, Li B, Zhang C, Xia F, Wang R, Xie W, Cai S, Zhang D, Kong R, Hu Y, Yang Y, Peng Y, Cui J. NLRP6 potentiates PI3K/AKT signalling by promoting autophagic degradation of p85α to drive tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6069. [PMID: 37770465 PMCID: PMC10539329 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT pathway plays an essential role in tumour development. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) regulate innate immunity and are implicated in cancer, but whether they are involved in PI3K/AKT pathway regulation is poorly understood. Here, we report that NLRP6 potentiates the PI3K/AKT pathway by binding and destabilizing p85α, the regulatory subunit of PI3K. Mechanistically, NLRP6 recruits the E3 ligase RBX1 to p85α and ubiquitinates lysine 256 on p85α, which is recognized by the autophagy cargo receptor OPTN, causing selective autophagic degradation of p85α and subsequent activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway by reducing PTEN stability. We further show that loss of NLRP6 suppresses cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and tumour growth in glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Disruption of the NLRP6/p85α interaction using the Pep9 peptide inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway and generates potent antitumour effects. Collectively, our results suggest that NLRP6 promotes p85α degradation via selective autophagy to drive tumorigenesis, and the interaction between NLRP6 and p85α can be a promising therapeutic target for tumour treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanxia Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihong Xie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sihui Cai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren Kong
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School and School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Cui
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Alqutami F, Hachim M, Hodgman C, Atiomo W. Transcriptomic analysis identifies four novel receptors potentially linking endometrial cancer with polycystic ovary syndrome and generates a transcriptomic atlas. Oncotarget 2023; 14:825-835. [PMID: 37737665 PMCID: PMC10515731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a 3 to 4-fold increased risk of endometrial cancer (EC), but molecular mechanisms are unclear. Upregulation of the IGF1 gene in PCOS endometrium may increase EC risk, but this is uncertain. We aimed to investigate links between EC and PCOS, by analysing publicly available transcriptomic data. The NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus was used to identify relevant studies. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analysed using Metascape to identify pathways of interest. PCOS DEGs that encode proteins secreted into blood were identified using the Human Protein Atlas blood protein database. EC DEGs that are cellular receptors were identified using EcoTyper. These were intersected to identify which EC receptors interact with PCOS secreted proteins. Seven receptors were identified in EC but only PTPRF, ITGA2, ITGA3 and ITGB4 genes were expressed on epithelial cells. Pathway enrichment of these genes showed that the major and common pathway involved was that of the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway which was consistent with a link between PCOS and EC. However, IGF1 was down regulated in PCOS and EC. These findings hold significant promise for improving our understanding of mechanistic pathways leading to EC in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Alqutami
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Mahmood Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Charlie Hodgman
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - William Atiomo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE
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17
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Li J, Li X, Quan C, Li X, Wan C, Wu X. Genomic profile of Chinese patients with endometrial carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:888. [PMID: 37730563 PMCID: PMC10512642 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic malignancy in China. However, the genetic profile of Chinese EC patients has not been well established yet. METHODS In current study, 158 Chinese EC patients were subjected to next-generation sequencing assay (74 took testing of EC-related 20-genes panel, and 84 took the expanded panel). Of the 158 patients, 91 patients were performed germline mutation testing using the expanded panel. Moreover, the public datasets from TCGA and MSKCC were utilized to compare the genomic differences between Chinese and Western EC patients. The proteomic and transcriptomic from CPTAC and TCGA were derived and performed unsupervised clustering to identify molecular subtypes. RESULTS Among the 158 patients analyzed, a significant majority (85.4%) exihibited at least one somatic alteration, with the most prevalent alterations occurring in PTEN, PIK3CA, TP53, and ARID1A. These genomic alterations were mainly enriched in the PI3K, cell cycle, RAS/RAF/MAPK, Epigenetic modifiers/Chromatin remodelers, and DNA damage repair (DDR) signaling pathways. Additionally, we identified ten individuals (11.0%) with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline alterations in seven genes, with the DDR pathway being predominantly involved. Compared to Western EC patients, Chinese EC patients displayed different prevalence in AKT1, MET, PMS2, PIK3R1, and CTCF. Notably, 69.6% of Chinese EC patients were identified with actionable alterations. In addition, we discovered novel molecular subtypes in ARID1A wild-type patients, characterized by an inferior prognosis, higher TP53 but fewer PTEN and PIK3CA alterations. Additionally, this subtype exhibited a significantly higher abundance of macrophages and activated dendritic cells. CONCLUSION Our study has contributed valuable insights into the unique germline and somatic genomic profiles of Chinese EC patients, enhancing our understanding of their biological characteristics and potential therapeutic avenues. Furthermore, we have highlighted the presence of molecular heterogeneity in ARID1A-wild type EC patients, shedding light on the complexity of this subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenlian Quan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wan
- Precision Medicine Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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18
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O'donnell J, Zhao Z, Buckingham L, Hao T, Suo H, Zhang X, Fan Y, John C, Deng B, Shen X, Sun W, Secord AA, Zhou C, Bae-Jump VL. Ipatasertib exhibits anti‑tumorigenic effects and enhances sensitivity to paclitaxel in endometrial cancer in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:103. [PMID: 37503790 PMCID: PMC10552741 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer and one of the only cancers for which incidence and mortality is steadily increasing. Although curable with surgery in the early stages, endometrial cancer presents a significant clinical challenge in the metastatic and recurrent setting with few novel treatment strategies emerging in the past fifty years. Ipatasertib (IPAT) is an orally bioavailable pan‑AKT inhibitor, which targets all three AKT isoforms and has demonstrated anti‑tumor activity in pre‑clinical models, with clinical trials emerging for many cancer types. In the present study, the MTT assay was employed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of IPAT or IPAT in combination with paclitaxel (PTX) in endometrial cancer cell lines and primary cultures of endometrial cancer. The effect of IPAT and PTX on the growth of endometrial tumors was evaluated in a transgenic mouse model of endometrial cancer. Apoptosis was assessed using cleaved caspase assays and cellular stress was assessed using ROS, JC1 and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester assays. The protein expression levels of markers of apoptosis and cellular stress, and DNA damage were evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. IPAT significantly inhibited cell proliferation, caused cell cycle G1 phase arrest, and induced cellular stress and mitochondrial apoptosis in a dose dependent manner in human endometrial cancer cell lines. Combined treatment with low doses of IPAT and PTX led to synergistic inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cleaved caspase 3 activity in the human endometrial cancer cell lines and the primary cultures. Furthermore, IPAT effectively reduced tumor growth, accompanied by decreased protein expression levels of Ki67 and phosphorylation of S6 in the Lkb1fl/flp53fl/fl mouse model of endometrioid endometrial cancer. The combination of IPAT and PTX resulted in increased expression of phosphorylated‑H2AX and KIF14, markers of DNA damage and microtubule dysfunction respectively, as compared with IPAT alone, PTX alone or placebo‑treated mice. The results of the present study provide a biological rationale to evaluate IPAT and the combination of IPAT and PTX in future clinical trials for endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian O'donnell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Lindsey Buckingham
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hongyan Suo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Yali Fan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Catherine John
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Boer Deng
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochang Shen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Angeles Alvarez Secord
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Li Y, Du P, Zeng H, Wei Y, Fu H, Zhong X, Ma X. Integrative models of histopathological images and multi-omics data predict prognosis in endometrial carcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15674. [PMID: 37583914 PMCID: PMC10424667 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to predict the molecular features of endometrial carcinoma (EC) and the overall survival (OS) of EC patients using histopathological imaging. Methods The patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were separated into the training set (n = 215) and test set (n = 214) in proportion of 1:1. By analyzing quantitative histological image features and setting up random forest model verified by cross-validation, we constructed prognostic models for OS. The model performance is evaluated with the time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (AUC) over the test set. Results Prognostic models based on histopathological imaging features (HIF) predicted OS in the test set (5-year AUC = 0.803). The performance of combining histopathology and omics transcends that of genomics, transcriptomics, or proteomics alone. Additionally, multi-dimensional omics data, including HIF, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, attained the largest AUCs of 0.866, 0.869, and 0.856 at years 1, 3, and 5, respectively, showcasing the highest discrepancy in survival (HR = 18.347, 95% CI [11.09-25.65], p < 0.001). Conclusions The results of this experiment indicated that the complementary features of HIF could improve the prognostic performance of EC patients. Moreover, the integration of HIF and multi-dimensional omics data might ameliorate survival prediction and risk stratification in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Li
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peixin Du
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhao Wei
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoxuan Fu
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xi Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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20
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Borchert S, Mathilakathu A, Nath A, Wessolly M, Mairinger E, Kreidt D, Steinborn J, Walter RFH, Christoph DC, Kollmeier J, Wohlschlaeger J, Mairinger T, Brcic L, Mairinger FD. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Influence Survival in Pleural Mesothelioma: Digital Gene Expression Analysis and Supervised Machine Learning Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12426. [PMID: 37569808 PMCID: PMC10419996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The exact mechanism of desmoplastic stromal reaction (DSR) formation is still unclear. The interaction between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has an important role in tumor progression, while stromal changes are a poor prognostic factor in pleural mesothelioma (PM). We aimed to assess the impact of CAFs paracrine signaling within the tumor microenvironment and the DSR presence on survival, in a cohort of 77 PM patients. DSR formation was evaluated morphologically and by immunohistochemistry for Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP). Digital gene expression was analyzed using a custom-designed CodeSet (NanoString). Decision-tree-based analysis using the "conditional inference tree" (CIT) machine learning algorithm was performed on the obtained results. A significant association between FAP gene expression levels and the appearance of DSR was found (p = 0.025). DSR-high samples demonstrated a statistically significant prolonged median survival time. The elevated expression of MYT1, KDR, PIK3R1, PIK3R4, and SOS1 was associated with shortened OS, whereas the upregulation of VEGFC, FAP, and CDK4 was associated with prolonged OS. CIT revealed a three-tier system based on FAP, NF1, and RPTOR expressions. We could outline the prognostic value of CAFs-induced PI3K signaling pathway activation together with FAP-dependent CDK4 mediated cell cycle progression in PM, where prognostic and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to introduce new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Borchert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | - Alexander Mathilakathu
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | - Alina Nath
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | - Michael Wessolly
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | - Elena Mairinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | - Daniel Kreidt
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | | | - Robert F. H. Walter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
| | - Daniel C. Christoph
- Department of Medical Oncology, Evangelische Kliniken Essen-Mitte, 45131 Essen, Germany;
| | - Jens Kollmeier
- Department of Pneumology, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, 14165 Berlin, Germany;
| | | | - Thomas Mairinger
- Department of Tissue Diagnostics, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, 14165 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Fabian D. Mairinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (S.B.); (A.M.); (A.N.); (M.W.); (E.M.); (D.K.); (R.F.H.W.)
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21
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Chen J, Dai S, Zhao L, Peng Y, Sun C, Peng H, Zhong Q, Quan Y, Li Y, Chen X, Pan X, Zhong A, Wang M, Zhang M, Yang S, Lu Y, Lian Z, Liu Y, Zhou S, Li Z, Na F, Chen C. A New Type of Endometrial Cancer Models in Mice Revealing the Functional Roles of Genetic Drivers and Exploring their Susceptibilities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300383. [PMID: 37340596 PMCID: PMC10460855 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common female reproductive tract cancer and its incidence has been continuously increasing in recent years. The underlying mechanisms of EC tumorigenesis remain unclear, and efficient target therapies are lacking, for both of which feasible endometrial cancer animal models are essential but currently limited. Here, an organoid and genome editing-based strategy to generate primary, orthotopic, and driver-defined ECs in mice is reported. These models faithfully recapitulate the molecular and pathohistological characteristics of human diseases. The authors names these models and similar models for other cancers as organoid-initiated precision cancer models (OPCMs). Importantly, this approach can conveniently introduce any driver mutation or a combination of driver mutations. Using these models,it is shown that the mutations in Pik3ca and Pik3r1 cooperate with Pten loss to promote endometrial adenocarcinoma in mice. In contrast, the Kras G12D mutati led to endometrial squamous cell carcinoma. Then, tumor organoids are derived from these mouse EC models and performed high-throughput drug screening and validation. The results reveal distinct vulnerabilities of ECs with different mutations. Taken together, this study develops a multiplexing approach to model EC in mice and demonstrates its value for understanding the pathology of and exploring the potential treatments for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Chen
- Precision Medicine Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Siqi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yiman Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Chongen Sun
- West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hongling Peng
- West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qian Zhong
- West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yuan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of DermatologyState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xuelan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiangyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ailing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Mengsha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - You Lu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality TreatmentCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Zhong Lian
- Department of DermatologyState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Shengtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Feifei Na
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality TreatmentCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Chong Chen
- Precision Medicine Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
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22
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Bartl T, Grimm C, Mader RM, Zielinski C, Prager G, Unseld M, Herac-Kornauth M. Interactions of EGFR/PTEN/mTOR-Pathway Activation and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Cervical Cancer. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1186. [PMID: 37623437 PMCID: PMC10455725 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: Late-line chemotherapy rechallenge in recurrent cervical cancer is associated with modest therapy response but significant side effects. As mTOR pathways modulate cellular growth via estrogen receptor (ER) signaling and combined mTOR and ER inhibition previously demonstrated survival benefits in breast cancer, this exploratory study evaluates mTOR pathway and ER expression interactions in a preclinical cervical cancer model. (2) Methods: Immunostaining of a 126-tumor core tissue microarray was performed to assess phosphorylated-mTOR and ER expression. To identify tumor subsets with different clinical behavior, expression results were matched with clinicopathologic patient characteristics, and both univariate and multivariable survival statistics were performed. (3) Results: phosphorylated-mTOR correlates with ER (r = 0.309, p < 0.001) and loss of PTEN expression (r = -2.09, p = 0.022) in tumor samples across stages but not in matched negative controls. Positive ER expression is observed significantly more often in phosphorylated-mTOR positive samples (30.0% vs. 6.3%, p = 0.001). In the subgroup of phosphorylated-mTOR positive tumors (n = 60), ER expression is associated with improved survival (p = 0.040). (4) Conclusion: ER expression appears closely intertwined with EGFR/PTEN/mTOR-pathway activation and seems to define a subgroup with clinically distinct behavior. Considering limited therapeutic options in recurrent cervical cancer, further validation of combined mTOR and ER inhibition in selected patients could appear promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bartl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Christoph Grimm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Robert M. Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Christoph Zielinski
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Gerald Prager
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Matthias Unseld
- Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, 1160 Wien, Austria
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Capaci V, Arrigoni G, Monasta L, Aloisio M, Rocca G, Di Lorenzo G, Licastro D, Romano F, Ricci G, Ura B. Phospho-DIGE Identified Phosphoproteins Involved in Pathways Related to Tumour Growth in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11987. [PMID: 37569364 PMCID: PMC10419128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy of the endometrium. This study focuses on EC and normal endometrium phosphoproteome to identify differentially phosphorylated proteins involved in tumorigenic signalling pathways which induce cancer growth. We obtained tissue samples from 8 types I EC at tumour stage 1 and 8 normal endometria. We analyzed the phosphoproteome by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), combined with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and mass spectrometry for protein and phosphopeptide identification. Quantities of 34 phosphoproteins enriched by the IMAC approach were significantly different in the EC compared to the endometrium. Validation using Western blotting analysis on 13 patients with type I EC at tumour stage 1 and 13 endometria samples confirmed the altered abundance of HBB, CKB, LDHB, and HSPB1. Three EC samples were used for in-depth identification of phosphoproteins by LC-MS/MS analysis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed several tumorigenic signalling pathways. Our study highlights the involvement of the phosphoproteome in EC tumour growth. Further studies are needed to understand the role of phosphorylation in EC. Our data shed light on mechanisms that still need to be ascertained but could open the path to a new class of drugs that could hinder EC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Capaci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (G.R.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Giulia Rocca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (G.R.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | | | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
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24
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Indumati S, Apurva B, Gaurav G, Nehakumari S, Nishant V. The Role of MicroRNAs in Development of Endometrial Cancer: A Literature Review. J Reprod Infertil 2023; 24:147-165. [PMID: 37663424 PMCID: PMC10471942 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v24i3.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) ranks as the second most common gynaecological cancer worldwide. EC patients are diagnosed at an early clinical stage and generally have a good prognosis. Therefore, there is a dire need for development of a specific marker for early detection of endometrial adenocarcinoma. The development of EC is conditioned by a multistep process of oncogenic upregulation and tumor suppressor downregulation as shown by molecular genetic evidence. In this setting, microRNAs appear as significant regulators of gene expression and several variations in the expression of microRNAs have been implicated in normal endometrium, endometrial tissue, metrorrhagia, and endometrial cancer. Furthermore, microRNAs act as highly precise, sensitive, and robust molecules, making them potential markers for diagnosing specific cancers and their progression. With the rising incidence of EC, its management remains a vexing challenge and diagnostic methods for the disease are limited to invasive, expensive, and inaccurate tools. Therefore, the prospect of exploiting the utility of microRNAs as potential candidates for diagnosis and therapeutic use in EC seems promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somasundaram Indumati
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society, Kolhapur, India
| | - Birajdar Apurva
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society, Kolhapur, India
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25
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Zhong L, Jiang W, RutieYin, Liu H, Song L. CTNNB1 p.D32A (c.95A > C) somatic mutation in stage I grade 1 endometrioid endometrial carcinoma with lung metastasis: a case report. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:137. [PMID: 37328769 PMCID: PMC10273753 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most endometrial cancers are of low histological grade and uterine-confined, with a high 5-year survival rate. However, a small subset of women with low-grade and early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer experience recurrence and death; thus, a more precise risk-stratification is needed. CASE PRESENTATION A 29-year-old woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding and was diagnosed with FIGO grade 1 endometrioid endometrial carcinoma by curettage. Comprehensive cancer staging including pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was then performed. Postoperative pathological findings suggested an FIGO grade 1 endometrioid endometrial carcinoma infiltrating the superficial muscle layer. The patient did not receive adjuvant therapy. After 4 years of follow-up, the patient returned to our institution with lung metastasis. She underwent thoracoscopic resection of the affected lobes, followed by six cycles of combined chemotherapy of paclitaxel and carboplatin. Next-generation sequencing showed that the primary and lung metastatic tumors shared 4 mutations: PTEN (p.P248Lfs*8), CTNNB1 (p.D32A), BCOR (p.N1425S) and CBL (p.S439N). Immunohistochemistry revealed nuclear location of β-catenin in the primary and lung metastatic tumor samples, indicating abnormal activation of β-catenin. CONCLUSION CTNNB1p.D32A (c.95A > C) mutation may be related to lung metastasis in this patient with low-grade early-stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 20 The Third Section of South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - RutieYin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 20 The Third Section of South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 20 The Third Section of South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 20 The Third Section of South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
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26
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Li Y, Zhu C, Xie H, Chen Y, Lv W, Xie X, Wang X. Molecular profile-based recommendations for postoperative adjuvant therapy in early endometrial cancer with high-intermediate or intermediate risk: a Chinese randomized phase III trial (PROBEAT). J Gynecol Oncol 2023; 34:e37. [PMID: 36659832 PMCID: PMC9995864 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2023.34.e37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of molecular categorisation is shifting paradigm towards the use of molecular information to refine risk stratification in endometrial cancer (EC). To date, evidence to support molecular-guided therapies is limited to retrospective studies and secondary molecular analyses of patients receiving standard treatment. The PROBEAT study is the first randomized phase III trial to evaluate tailored adjuvant treatment based on WHO-endorsed molecular classification in Chinese EC patients. It is expected to provide a clinical decision-making tool for adjuvant treatment of patients with high-intermediate risk (HIR) or intermediate risk (IR) EC to better optimise and personalise patient care and increase relapse-free survival. METHODS The PROBEAT trial is a prospective, multicentre study led by Women's Hospital of Zhejiang University Gynaecologic Oncology Group. Recruitment started on January 24, 2022, and 590 patients with HIR or IR endometrioid EC are expected to be recruited from 13 clinical centres in China. All tumor tissues will be classified into four molecular subtypes (POLEmut, MMRd, p53abn, or NSMP) based on WHO-endorsed molecular classification. Patients will be randomly assigned at a 2:1 ratio to either experimental arm and will receive molecular profile-based adjuvant treatment (observation in the POLEmut subgroup, vaginal brachytherapy in the MMRd or NSMP subgroup, or chemoradiotherapy in the p53abn subgroup) or to standard arm and will receive preferred adjuvant radiotherapy as recommended by the recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines version 1 (2022). The primary outcome is 3-year rates of recurrence. Secondary outcomes are relapse-free survival, overall survival, adverse events and health-related cancer-specific quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05179447.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changkun Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaxia Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiguo Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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27
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Drugging the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in ER+ Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054522. [PMID: 36901954 PMCID: PMC10003259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its crucial role in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer tumorigenesis and drug resistance has made it a highly attractive therapeutic target in this breast cancer subtype. Consequently, the number of new inhibitors in clinical development targeting this pathway has drastically increased. Among these, the PIK3CA isoform-specific inhibitor alpelisib and the pan-AKT inhibitor capivasertib were recently approved in combination with the estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant for the treatment of ER+ advanced breast cancer after progression on an aromatase inhibitor. Nevertheless, the clinical development of multiple inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, in parallel with the incorporation of CDK4/6 inhibitors into the standard of care treatment in ER+ advanced breast cancer, has led to a multitude of available therapeutic agents and many possible combined strategies which complicate personalizing treatment. Here, we review the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in ER+ advanced breast cancer, highlighting the genomic contexts in which the various inhibitors of this pathway may have superior activity. We also discuss selected trials with agents targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and related pathways as well as the rationale supporting the clinical development of triple combination therapy targeting ER, CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR in ER+ advanced breast cancer.
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Bhattacharya S, Basu S, Sheng E, Murphy C, Wei J, Kersh AE, Nelson CA, Bryer JS, Ashchyan HA, Steele K, Forrestel A, Seykora JT, Micheletti RG, James WD, Rosenbach M, Leung TH. Identification of a neutrophil-specific PIK3R1 mutation facilitates targeted treatment in a patient with Sweet syndrome. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:162137. [PMID: 36355435 PMCID: PMC9797331 DOI: 10.1172/jci162137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAcute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet syndrome) is a potentially fatal multiorgan inflammatory disease characterized by fever, leukocytosis, and a rash with a neutrophilic infiltrate. The disease pathophysiology remains elusive, and current dogma suggests that Sweet syndrome is a process of reactivity to an unknown antigen. Corticosteroids and steroid-sparing agents remain frontline therapies, but refractory cases pose a clinical challenge.MethodsA 51-year-old woman with multiorgan Sweet syndrome developed serious corticosteroid-related side effects and was refractory to steroid-sparing agents. Blood counts, liver enzymes, and skin histopathology supported the diagnosis. Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptomic profiling, and cellular assays of the patient's skin and neutrophils were performed.ResultsWe identified elevated IL-1 signaling in lesional Sweet syndrome skin caused by a PIK3R1 gain-of-function mutation specifically found in neutrophils. This mutation increased neutrophil migration toward IL-1β and neutrophil respiratory burst. Targeted treatment of the patient with an IL-1 receptor 1 antagonist resulted in a dramatic therapeutic response and enabled a tapering off of corticosteroids.ConclusionDysregulated PI3K/AKT signaling is the first signaling pathway linked to Sweet syndrome and suggests that this syndrome may be caused by acquired mutations that modulate neutrophil function. Moreover, integration of molecular data across multiple levels identified a distinct subtype within a heterogeneous disease that resulted in a rational and successful clinical intervention. Future patients will benefit from efforts to identify potential mutations. The ability to directly interrogate the diseased skin allows this method to be generalizable to other inflammatory diseases and demonstrates a potential personalized medicine approach for patients with clinically challenging disease.Funding SourcesBerstein Foundation, NIH, Veterans Affairs (VA) Administration, Moseley Foundation, and H.T. Leung Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Bhattacharya
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sayon Basu
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Sheng
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christina Murphy
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jenny Wei
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna E. Kersh
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caroline A. Nelson
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joshua S. Bryer
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hovik A. Ashchyan
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine Steele
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy Forrestel
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John T. Seykora
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert G. Micheletti
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William D. James
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Misha Rosenbach
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas H. Leung
- Dermatology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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29
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Hossain MA, Sohel M, Rahman MH, Hasan MI, Khan MS, Amin MA, Islam MZ, Peng S. Bioinformatics and In silico approaches to identify novel biomarkers and key pathways for cancers that are linked to the progression of female infertility: A comprehensive approach for drug discovery. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0265746. [PMID: 36608061 PMCID: PMC9821510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite modern treatment, infertility remains one of the most common gynecologic diseases causing severe health effects worldwide. The clinical and epidemiological data have shown that several cancerous risk factors are strongly linked to Female Infertility (FI) development, but the exact causes remain unknown. Understanding how these risk factors affect FI-affected cell pathways might pave the door for the discovery of critical signaling pathways and hub proteins that may be targeted for therapeutic intervention. To deal with this, we have used a bioinformatics pipeline to build a transcriptome study of FI with four carcinogenic risk factors: Endometrial Cancer (EC), Ovarian Cancer (OC), Cervical Cancer (CC), and Thyroid Cancer (TC). We identified FI sharing 97, 211, 87 and 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with EC, OC, CC, and TC, respectively. We have built gene-disease association networks from the identified genes based on the multilayer network and neighbour-based benchmarking. Identified TNF signalling pathways, ovarian infertility genes, cholesterol metabolic process, and cellular response to cytokine stimulus were significant molecular and GO pathways, both of which improved our understanding the fundamental molecular mechanisms of cancers associated with FI progression. For therapeutic intervention, we have targeted the two most significant hub proteins VEGFA and PIK3R1, out of ten proteins based on Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) value of cytoscape and literature analysis for molecular docking with 27 phytoestrogenic compounds. Among them, sesamin, galangin and coumestrol showed the highest binding affinity for VEGFA and PIK3R1 proteins together with favourable ADMET properties. We recommended that our identified pathway, hub proteins and phytocompounds may be served as new targets and therapeutic interventions for accurate diagnosis and treatment of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Arju Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - Md Imran Hasan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sharif Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Al Amin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Islam
- Department of Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Silong Peng
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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30
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Gbelcová H, Gergely L, Šišovský V, Straka Ľ, Böhmer D, Pastoráková A, Sušienková K, Repiská V, Korbeľ M, Danihel Ľ, Priščáková P. PTEN mutations as predictive marker for the high-grade endometrial cancer development in slovak women. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (ECa) is one of the most common neoplasia of the female genital tract. The phosphatase and tensin (PTEN) homolog is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene in endometrial carcinoma. PTEN encodes a phosphatase, a key regulatory enzyme involved in a signal transduction pathway that regulates cell growth, migration and apoptosis. The study evaluates an association between the morphological appearance of endometrial hyperplasia and ECa, and the presence of PTEN variations, PTEN protein level and intracellular localization. A total of 67 archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human biopsy tissue specimens with normal proliferative and secretory endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia without atypia and endometrial atypical hyperplasia, endometrioid the grade G1 and G3 and serous subtype of ECa were evaluated by sequencing for the presence of mutations in coding regions of PTEN gene of endometrial epithelial cells. The PTEN gene expression and intercellular localization of PTEN protein were evaluated immunohistochemically by immunoreactive score (IRS). PTEN mutation spectrum in endometrial carcinoma was identified for Slovak population. Twenty-eight non-silent mutations were identified in PTEN, twelve of them being novel, not annotated in Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer. Higher frequency of PTEN mutations was observed in serous carcinoma compared to global average. No correlation was observed between samples IRS, PTEN cellular localization and identified mutations. PTEN sequencing can be beneficial for patients considering prognosis of disease and sensitivity to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - P Priščáková
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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31
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GBELCOVÁ H, GERGELY L, ŠIŠOVSKÝ V, STRAKA Ľ, BÖHMER D, PASTORÁKOVÁ A, SUŠIENKOVÁ K, REPISKÁ V, KORBEĽ M, DANIHEL Ľ, PRIŠČÁKOVÁ P. PTEN mutations as predictive marker for the high-grade endometrial cancer development in slovak women. Physiol Res 2022; 71:S125-S135. [PMID: 36592448 PMCID: PMC9854001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (ECa) is one of the most common neoplasia of the female genital tract. The phosphatase and tensin (PTEN) homolog is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene in endometrial carcinoma. PTEN encodes a phosphatase, a key regulatory enzyme involved in a signal transduction pathway that regulates cell growth, migration and apoptosis. The study evaluates an association between the morphological appearance of endometrial hyperplasia and ECa, and the presence of PTEN variations, PTEN protein´s level and intracellular localization. A total of 67 archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human biopsy tissue specimens with normal proliferative and secretory endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia without atypia and endometrial atypical hyperplasia, endometrioid the grade G1 and G3 and serous subtype of ECa were evaluated by sequencing for the presence of mutations in coding regions of PTEN gene of endometrial epithelial cells. The PTEN gene expression and intercellular localization of PTEN protein were evaluated immunohistochemically by immunoreactive score (IRS). PTEN mutation spectrum in endometrial carcinoma was identified for Slovak population. 28 non-silent mutations were identified in PTEN, twelve of them were novel, not annotated in Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer. Higher frequency of PTEN mutations was observed in serous carcinoma compared to global average. No correlation was observed between samples´ IRS, PTEN cellular localization and identified mutations. PTEN sequencing can be beneficial for patients considering prognosis of disease and sensitivity to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena GBELCOVÁ
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lajos GERGELY
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimír ŠIŠOVSKÝ
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Daniel BÖHMER
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea PASTORÁKOVÁ
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína SUŠIENKOVÁ
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vanda REPISKÁ
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslav KORBEĽ
- 1st Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľudovít DANIHEL
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra PRIŠČÁKOVÁ
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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32
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Perevalova AM, Kobelev VS, Sisakyan VG, Gulyaeva LF, Pustylnyak VO. Role of Tumor Suppressor PTEN and Its Regulation in Malignant Transformation of Endometrium. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1310-1326. [PMID: 36509719 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-suppressive effects of PTEN are well-known, but modern evidence suggest that they are not limited to its ability to inhibit pro-oncogenic PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Features of PTEN structure facilitate its interaction with substrates of different nature and display its activity in various ways both in the cytoplasm and in cell nuclei, which makes it possible to take a broader look at its ability to suppress tumor growth. The possible mechanisms of the loss of PTEN effects are also diverse - PTEN can be regulated at many levels, leading to change in the protein activity or its amount in the cell, while their significance for the development of malignant tumors has yet to be studied. Here we summarize the current data on the PTEN structure, its functions and changes in its regulatory mechanisms during malignant transformation of the cells, focusing on one of the most sensitive to the loss of PTEN types of malignant tumors - endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vyacheslav S Kobelev
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia
| | - Virab G Sisakyan
- Novosibirsk Regional Oncology Center, Novosibirsk, 630108, Russia
| | - Lyudmila F Gulyaeva
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia
| | - Vladimir O Pustylnyak
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia
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33
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Sakamoto I, Hirotsu Y, Amemiya K, Nozaki T, Mochizuki H, Omata M. Elucidation of genomic origin of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEO) by genomic and microsatellite analysis. J Gynecol Oncol 2022; 34:e6. [PMID: 36245225 PMCID: PMC9807354 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2023.34.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elucidation of clonal origin of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers (SEOs). METHODS We reviewed 852 patients who diagnosed endometrial and/or ovarian cancer. Forty-five (5.3%) patients were diagnosed as SEOs. We evaluated blood and tissue samples from 17 patients. We analyzed the clonal origins of 41 samples from 17 patients by gene sequencing, mismatch microsatellite instability (MSI) polymerase chain reaction assay and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of 4 repair genes. RESULTS Sixteen of 17 patients had at least 2 or more trunk mutations shared between endometrial and ovarian cancer suggesting the identical clonal origins. The shared trunk mutation are frequently found in endometrial cancer of the uterus, suggesting the uterine primary. Four out of 17 (24%) SEOs had mismatch repair (MMR) protein deficiency and MSI-high (MSI-H) states. One case was an endometrial carcinoma with local loss of MSH6 protein expression by IHC staining, and the result of MSI analysis using the whole formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimen was microsatellite stable. In contrast, ovarian tissue was deficient MMR and MSI-H in the whole specimen. This indicated that MMR protein deficiency could occur during the progression of disease. CONCLUSION Most SEOs are likely to be a single tumor with metastasis instead of double primaries, and their origin could be endometrium. In addition, SEOs have a high frequency of MMR gene abnormalities. These findings not only can support the notion of uterine primary, but also can help to expect the benefit for patients with SEOs by immuno-oncology treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Sakamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan.,Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nozaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | | | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Momeni-Boroujeni A, Nguyen B, Vanderbilt CM, Ladanyi M, Abu-Rustum NR, Aghajanian C, Ellenson LH, Weigelt B, Soslow RA. Genomic landscape of endometrial carcinomas of no specific molecular profile. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1269-1278. [PMID: 35365770 PMCID: PMC9427676 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinomas (ECs) classified by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as copy number-low (also referred to as "no specific molecular profile" [NSMP]) have a prognosis intermediate between POLE-mutated and copy number-high ECs. NSMP-ECs are a heterogeneous group, however, comprising both relatively indolent and aggressive ECs. We identified a total of 472 NSMP-ECs among 1,239 ECs that underwent clinical sequencing of 410-468 cancer-related genes. Somatic mutation and copy number alteration data were subjected to unsupervised hierarchical clustering, which identified three genomic clusters. Random sampling with stratification was used to choose ~80 endometrioid ECs from each cluster, resulting in a study size of 240 endometrioid ECs as well as an additional 44 non-endometrioid NSMP-ECs. Cluster 1 (C1, n = 80) consisted primarily of NSMP-ECs with PTEN and PIK3R1 mutations, Cluster 2 (C2, n = 81) of tumors with PTEN and PIK3CA mutations and Cluster 3 (C3, n = 79) of NSMP-ECs with chromosome 1q high-level gain and lack of PTEN mutations. The majority (72.7%) of non-endometrioid NSMP-ECs mapped to C3. NSMP-ECs from C3 were more likely to be FIGO grade 3 (30%), estrogen receptor-negative/weak (54.5%) and FIGO stages III or IV. In multivariate analysis, molecular clusters were associated with worse overall survival outcomes with C3 tumors having the worst (hazard ratio: 4) and C1 tumors having the best outcome. In conclusion, NSMP-ECs are a heterogenous group of tumors and comprise both aggressive and clinically low-risk ECs that can be identified based on mutation and copy number data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Momeni-Boroujeni
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bastien Nguyen
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chad M Vanderbilt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem R Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carol Aghajanian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lora H Ellenson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Robert A Soslow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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35
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Chakraborty G, Nandakumar S, Hirani R, Nguyen B, Stopsack KH, Kreitzer C, Rajanala SH, Ghale R, Mazzu YZ, Pillarsetty NVK, Mary Lee GS, Scher HI, Morris MJ, Traina T, Razavi P, Abida W, Durack JC, Solomon SB, Vander Heiden MG, Mucci LA, Wibmer AG, Schultz N, Kantoff PW. The Impact of PIK3R1 Mutations and Insulin-PI3K-Glycolytic Pathway Regulation in Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3603-3617. [PMID: 35670774 PMCID: PMC9438279 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oncogenic alterations of the PI3K/AKT pathway occur in >40% of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, predominantly via PTEN loss. The significance of other PI3K pathway components in prostate cancer is largely unknown. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients in this study underwent tumor sequencing using the MSK-IMPACT clinical assay to capture single-nucleotide variants, insertions, and deletions; copy-number alterations; and structural rearrangements, or were profiled through The Cancer Genome Atlas. The association between PIK3R1 alteration/expression and survival was evaluated using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression models. We used the siRNA-based knockdown of PIK3R1 for functional studies. FDG-PET/CT examinations were performed with a hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scanner for some prostate cancer patients in the MSK-IMPACT cohort. RESULTS Analyzing 1,417 human prostate cancers, we found a significant enrichment of PIK3R1 alterations in metastatic cancers compared with primary cancers. PIK3R1 alterations or reduced mRNA expression tended to be associated with worse clinical outcomes in prostate cancer, particularly in primary disease, as well as in breast, gastric, and several other cancers. In prostate cancer cell lines, PIK3R1 knockdown resulted in increased cell proliferation and AKT activity, including insulin-stimulated AKT activity. In cell lines and organoids, PIK3R1 loss/mutation was associated with increased sensitivity to AKT inhibitors. PIK3R1-altered patient prostate tumors had increased uptake of the glucose analogue 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in PET imaging, suggesting increased glycolysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings describe a novel genomic feature in metastatic prostate cancer and suggest that PIK3R1 alteration may be a key event for insulin-PI3K-glycolytic pathway regulation in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Chakraborty
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Subhiksha Nandakumar
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Rahim Hirani
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Bastien Nguyen
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Konrad H. Stopsack
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Christoph Kreitzer
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Romina Ghale
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ying Z. Mazzu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Gwo-Shu Mary Lee
- Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Howard I. Scher
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Michael J. Morris
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Tiffany Traina
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Wassim Abida
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jeremy C. Durack
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Stephen B. Solomon
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Matthew G. Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Andreas G. Wibmer
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Philip W. Kantoff
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Li Y, Chen R, Yuan M, Wang D, Fu C, Chen R, Lei C, Zhou Q. One‐Stop Molecular Classification of Endometrial Carcinoma using Comprehensive Next‐Generation Sequencing. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1969-1977. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pathology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing China
| | | | - Dong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Department of Pathology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing China
| | | | - Cuirong Lei
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Chongqing University Cancer Hospital Chongqing China
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Taylor SR, Falcone JN, Cantley LC, Goncalves MD. Developing dietary interventions as therapy for cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:452-466. [PMID: 35614234 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells acquire distinct metabolic preferences based on their tissue of origin, genetic alterations and degree of interaction with systemic hormones and metabolites. These adaptations support the increased nutrient demand required for increased growth and proliferation. Diet is the major source of nutrients for tumours, yet dietary interventions lack robust evidence and are rarely prescribed by clinicians for the treatment of cancer. Well-controlled diet studies in patients with cancer are rare, and existing studies have been limited by nonspecific enrolment criteria that inappropriately grouped together subjects with disparate tumour and host metabolic profiles. This imprecision may have masked the efficacy of the intervention for appropriate candidates. Here, we review the metabolic alterations and key vulnerabilities that occur across multiple types of cancer. We describe how these vulnerabilities could potentially be targeted using dietary therapies including energy or macronutrient restriction and intermittent fasting regimens. We also discuss recent trials that highlight how dietary strategies may be combined with pharmacological therapies to treat some cancers, potentially ushering a path towards precision nutrition for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Taylor
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-I MD-PhD program, New York, NY, USA
| | - John N Falcone
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Sun J, Li L, Chen H, Gan L, Guo X, Sun J. Identification and Validation of an m7G-Related lncRNAs Signature for Prognostic Prediction and Immune Function Analysis in Endometrial Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081301. [PMID: 35893039 PMCID: PMC9330151 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: N7-methylguanosine is a novel kind of internal modification that is widespread in human mRNA. The relationship between m7G-related lncRNAs (MRL) and endometrial cancer remains unknown. The aim of our study is to explore a predictive prognosis MRL signature in endometrial cancer and identify the underlying biological mechanism. Methods: We obtained RNA-seq profiles, clinical data, and information on somatic mutations from the TCGA database and obtained m7G-related genes from a previous study. MRLs were identified through a co-expression network. The prognostic model was constructed based on 10 m7G-related lncRNAs. Differentially expressed genes between low- and high-risk groups were identified for further analysis, consisting of functional enrichment analysis, immune function analysis, somatic mutation analysis, and potential drugs exploration. Results: We constructed a 10-MRLs signature. According to the risk score, the signature was classified into high- and low-risk groups. The signature had a reliable capacity for predicting the prognosis of endometrial cancer patients. The findings about differentially expressed genes were also of great significance for therapeutic treatments for endometrial cancer and gave novel insights into exploring the underlying molecular mechanism. Conclusion: The prognostic model based on 10 MRLs is a reliable and promising approach for predicting clinical outcomes and suggesting therapeutic methods for endometrial cancer patients.
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Cui Z, Mo J, Wang L, Wang R, Cheng F, Wang L, Yang X, Wang W. Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis of Serine Racemase as an Independent Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:906291. [PMID: 35923695 PMCID: PMC9340001 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.906291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) kills about 76,000 women worldwide, with the highest incidence in industrialized countries. Because of the rise in disease mortality and new diagnoses, EC is now a top priority for women’s health. Serine racemase (SRR) is thought to play a role in the central nervous system, but its role in cancers, particularly in EC, is largely unknown. The current study starts with a pan-cancer examination of SRR’s expression and prognostic value before delving into SRR’s potential cancer-suppressing effect in patients with EC. SRR may affect the endometrial tumor immune microenvironment, according to subsequent immune-related analysis. SRR expression is also linked to several genes involved in specific pathways such as ferroptosis, N6-methyladenosine methylation, and DNA damage repair. Finally, we used the expression, correlation, and survival analyses to investigate the upstream potential regulatory non-coding RNAs of SRR. Overall, our findings highlight the prognostic significance of SRR in patients with EC, and we can formulate a reasonable hypothesis that SRR influences metabolism and obstructs key carcinogenic processes in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiantao Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rongli Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Feiyan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyuan Yang, ; Wei Wang,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyuan Yang, ; Wei Wang,
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Nguyen L, Van Hoeck A, Cuppen E. Machine learning-based tissue of origin classification for cancer of unknown primary diagnostics using genome-wide mutation features. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4013. [PMID: 35817764 PMCID: PMC9273599 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of unknown primary (CUP) origin account for ∼3% of all cancer diagnoses, whereby the tumor tissue of origin (TOO) cannot be determined. Using a uniformly processed dataset encompassing 6756 whole-genome sequenced primary and metastatic tumors, we develop Cancer of Unknown Primary Location Resolver (CUPLR), a random forest TOO classifier that employs 511 features based on simple and complex somatic driver and passenger mutations. CUPLR distinguishes 35 cancer (sub)types with ∼90% recall and ∼90% precision based on cross-validation and test set predictions. We find that structural variant derived features increase the performance and utility for classifying specific cancer types. With CUPLR, we could determine the TOO for 82/141 (58%) of CUP patients. Although CUPLR is based on machine learning, it provides a human interpretable graphical report with detailed feature explanations. The comprehensive output of CUPLR complements existing histopathological procedures and can enable improved diagnostics for CUP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Nguyen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Van Hoeck
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Hartwig Medical Foundation, Science Park 408, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Vasan N, Cantley LC. At a crossroads: how to translate the roles of PI3K in oncogenic and metabolic signalling into improvements in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:471-485. [PMID: 35484287 PMCID: PMC11215755 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous agents targeting various phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway components, including PI3K, AKT and mTOR, have been tested in oncology clinical trials, resulting in regulatory approvals for the treatment of selected patients with breast cancer, certain other solid tumours or particular haematological malignancies. However, given the prominence of PI3K signalling in cancer and the crucial role of this pathway in linking cancer growth with metabolism, these clinical results could arguably be improved upon. In this Review, we discuss past and present efforts to overcome the somewhat limited clinical efficacy of PI3Kα pathway inhibitors, including optimization of inhibitor specificity, patient selection and biomarkers across cancer types, with a focus on breast cancer, as well as identification and abrogation of signalling-related and metabolic mechanisms of resistance, and interventions to improve management of prohibitive adverse events. We highlight the advantages and limitations of laboratory-based model systems used to study the PI3K pathway, and propose technologies and experimental inquiries to guide the future clinical deployment of PI3K pathway inhibitors in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Vasan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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42
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Fang L, Ford-Roshon D, Russo M, O'Brien C, Xiong X, Gurjao C, Grandclaudon M, Raghavan S, Corsello SM, Carr SA, Udeshi ND, Berstler J, Sicinska E, Ng K, Giannakis M. RNF43 G659fs is an oncogenic colorectal cancer mutation and sensitizes tumor cells to PI3K/mTOR inhibition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3181. [PMID: 35676246 PMCID: PMC9177965 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNF43_p.G659fs mutation occurs frequently in colorectal cancer, but its function remains poorly understood and there are no specific therapies directed against this alteration. In this study, we find that RNF43_p.G659fs promotes cell growth independent of Wnt signaling. We perform a drug repurposing library screen and discover that cells with RNF43_p.G659 mutations are selectively killed by inhibition of PI3K signaling. PI3K/mTOR inhibitors yield promising antitumor activity in RNF43659mut isogenic cell lines and xenograft models, as well as in patient-derived organoids harboring RNF43_p.G659fs mutations. We find that RNF43659mut binds p85 leading to increased PI3K signaling through p85 ubiquitination and degradation. Additionally, RNA-sequencing of RNF43659mut isogenic cells reveals decreased interferon response gene expression, that is reversed by PI3K/mTOR inhibition, suggesting that RNF43659mut may alter tumor immunity. Our findings suggest a therapeutic application for PI3K/mTOR inhibitors in treating RNF43_p.G659fs mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Fang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Medical Research Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dane Ford-Roshon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Max Russo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Casey O'Brien
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaozhe Xiong
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carino Gurjao
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maximilien Grandclaudon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Srivatsan Raghavan
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven M Corsello
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Ewa Sicinska
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic interventions. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 127:104787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Nuclear translocation of p85β promotes tumorigenesis of PIK3CA helical domain mutant cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1974. [PMID: 35418124 PMCID: PMC9007954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3Ks consist of p110 catalytic subunits and p85 regulatory subunits. PIK3CA, encoding p110α, is frequently mutated in human cancers. Most PIK3CA mutations are clustered in the helical domain or the kinase domain. Here, we report that p85β disassociates from p110α helical domain mutant protein and translocates into the nucleus through a nuclear localization sequence (NLS). Nuclear p85β recruits deubiquitinase USP7 to stabilize EZH1 and EZH2 and enhances H3K27 trimethylation. Knockout of p85β or p85β NLS mutant reduces the growth of tumors harboring a PIK3CA helical domain mutation. Our studies illuminate a novel mechanism by which PIK3CA helical domain mutations exert their oncogenic function. Finally, a combination of Alpelisib, a p110α-specific inhibitor, and an EZH inhibitor, Tazemetostat, induces regression of xenograft tumors harboring a PIK3CA helical domain mutation, but not tumors with either a WT PIK3CA or a PIK3CA kinase domain mutation, suggesting that the drug combination could be an effective therapeutic approach for PIK3CA helical domain mutant tumors. The mechanisms behind the oncogenic role of the PIK3CA helical domain mutant is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that its oncogenic function depends on the release of p85β from mutated p110α, its translocation to the nucleus and the consequent increased activity of EZH proteins.
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Pan-cancer analysis on the role of PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 in human tumors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5924. [PMID: 35395865 PMCID: PMC8993854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1 (PIK3R1) is believed to function as a tumor suppressor, while Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 2 (PIK3R2) as a tumor driver. However, there is no systematic pan-cancer analysis of them. The pan-cancer study comprehensively investigated the gene expression, genetic alteration, DNA methylation, and prognostic significance of PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 in 33 different tumors based on the TIMER, GEPIA, UALCAN, HPA, cBioPortal, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. The results indicated that PIK3R1 is lowly expressed in most tumors while PIK3R2 is highly expressed in most tumors, and abnormal gene expression may be related to promoter methylation. Moreover, not only mutations, downregulation of PIK3R1 and upregulation of PIK3R2 were found to be detrimental to the survival of most cancer patients as well. Furthermore, the expression of both PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 was associated with the level of immune infiltration in multiple tumors, such as breast invasive carcinoma. Our study conducted a comparatively comprehensive analysis of the role of PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 in a variety of cancers, contributing to further study of their potential mechanisms in cancer occurrence and progression. Our findings suggested that PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 could serve as prognostic markers for several cancers.
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Wang K, Hu Y, Xu L, Zhao S, Song C, Sun S, Li X, Li M. A novel mutant PIK3R1 EY451delinsD breast cancer patient resistant to HER2-targeted therapy treated with everolimus: a case report. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6155-6160. [PMID: 35384625 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07407-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to HER2-targeted therapy is a critical issue in breast cancer that must be addressed immediately. PIK3R1 mutations are more common in Chinese breast cancer patients (17%, 25/147, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center FUSCC vs. 1.8%, 87/4602, TCGA all breast cancer studies). However, very limited information is available on the relationship between PIK3R1 mutation status and resistance to HER2-targeted therapies in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. CASE REPORT We present a case of a HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patient with the PIK3R1EY451delinsD mutation who developed resistance to HER2-targeted therapy and had a better response to everolimus combined with trastuzumab and carboplatin. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the PIK3R1EY451delinsD mutation confers resistance to anti-HER2 therapy in breast cancer and that combining with everolimus treatment may overcome this resistance mechanism. We hypothesize that the PIK3R1EY451delinsD mutation is associated with the resistance to anti-HER2 therapy, and that this mutation merits further investigation as a clinical biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainan Wang
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ye Hu
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lingzhi Xu
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chen Song
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Siwen Sun
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xuelu Li
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Man Li
- Department of Oncology & Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China.
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Krishnamurthy K, Urioste SN, Cusnir M, Schwartz M, Alghamdi S, Sriganeshan V, Poppiti R. The mutational landscape of upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas- A study of similarities and differences. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 232:153830. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhou J, Wu L, Xu P, Li Y, Ji Z, Kang X. Filamin A Is a Potential Driver of Breast Cancer Metastasis via Regulation of MMP-1. Front Oncol 2022; 12:836126. [PMID: 35359350 PMCID: PMC8962737 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.836126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent metastasis is a major fatal cause of breast cancer. Regretfully, the driving force and the molecular beneath have not been fully illustrated yet. In this study, a cohort of breast cancer patients with locoregional metastasis was recruited. For them, we collected the matched samples of the primary tumor and metastatic tumor, and then we determined the mutation profiles with whole-exome sequencing (WES). On basis of the profiles, we identified a list of deleterious variants in eight susceptible genes. Of them, filamin A (FLNA) was considered a potential driver gene of metastasis, and its low expression could enhance 5 years’ relapse survival rate by 15%. To prove the finding, we constructed a stable FLNA knockout tumor cell line, which manifested that the cell abilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly weakened in response to the gene knockout. Subsequently, xenograft mouse experiments further proved that FLNA knockout could inhibit local or distal metastasis. Putting all the results together, we consolidated that FLNA could be a potential driver gene to metastasis of breast cancer, in particular triple-negative breast cancer. Additional experiments also suggested that FLNA might intervene in metastasis via the regulation of MMP-1 expression. In summary, this study demonstrates that FLNA may play as a positive regulator in cancer proliferation and recurrence. It provides new insight into breast cancer metastasis and suggests a potential new therapeutic target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lvying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pengyan Xu
- Department of Surgical Research, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiliang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Xinmei Kang, ; Zhiliang Ji,
| | - Xinmei Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Xinmei Kang, ; Zhiliang Ji,
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Hlozkova K, Hermanova I, Safrhansova L, Alquezar-Artieda N, Kuzilkova D, Vavrova A, Sperkova K, Zaliova M, Stary J, Trka J, Starkova J. PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway alters sensitivity of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia to L-asparaginase. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4043. [PMID: 35260738 PMCID: PMC8904819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) still remains a therapeutic challenge due to relapses which are resistant to further treatment. l-asparaginase (ASNase) is a key therapy component in pediatric T-ALL and lower sensitivity of leukemia cells to this drug negatively influences overall treatment efficacy and outcome. PTEN protein deletion and/or activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway leading to altered cell growth and metabolism are emerging as a common feature in T-ALL. We herein investigated the relationship amongst PTEN deletion, ASNase sensitivity and glucose metabolism in T-ALL cells. First, we found significant differences in the sensitivity to ASNase amongst T-ALL cell lines. While cell lines more sensitive to ASNase were PTEN wild type (WT) and had no detectable level of phosphorylated Akt (P-Akt), cell lines less sensitive to ASNase were PTEN-null with high P-Akt levels. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt in the PTEN-null cells rendered them more sensitive to ASNase and lowered their glycolytic function which then resembled PTEN WT cells. In primary T-ALL cells, although P-Akt level was not dependent exclusively on PTEN expression, their sensitivity to ASNase could also be increased by pharmacological inhibition of Akt. In summary, we highlight a promising therapeutic option for T-ALL patients with aberrant PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Hlozkova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Hermanova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Safrhansova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natividad Alquezar-Artieda
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kuzilkova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adela Vavrova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Sperkova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Zaliova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stary
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trka
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Starkova
- CLIP (Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague), Prague, Czech Republic. .,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. .,University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
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50
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Tanos P, Dimitriou S, Gullo G, Tanos V. Biomolecular and Genetic Prognostic Factors That Can Facilitate Fertility-Sparing Treatment (FST) Decision Making in Early Stage Endometrial Cancer (ES-EC): A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2653. [PMID: 35269800 PMCID: PMC8910305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer occurs in up to 29% of women before 40 years of age. Seventy percent of these patients are nulliparous at the time. Decision making regarding fertility preservation in early stage endometrial cancer (ES-EC) is, therefore, a big challenge since the decision between the risk of cancer progression and a chance to parenthood needs to be made. Sixty-two percent of women with complete remission of ES-EC after fertility-sparing treatment (FST) report to have a pregnancy wish which, if not for FST, they would not be able to fulfil. The aim of this review was to identify and summarise the currently established biomolecular and genetic prognostic factors that can facilitate decision making for FST in ES-EC. A comprehensive search strategy was carried out across four databases; Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed; they were searched between March 1946 and 22nd December 2022. Thirty-four studies were included in this study which was conducted in line with the PRISMA criteria checklist. The final 34 articles encompassed 9165 patients. The studies were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). PTEN and POLE alterations we found to be good prognostic factors of ES-EC, favouring FST. MSI, CTNNB1, and K-RAS alterations were found to be fair prognostic factors of ES-EC, favouring FST but carrying a risk of recurrence. PIK3CA, HER2, ARID1A, P53, L1CAM, and FGFR2 were found to be poor prognostic factors of ES-EC and therefore do not favour FST. Clinical trials with bigger cohorts are needed to further validate the fair genetic prognostic factors. Using the aforementioned good and poor genetic prognostic factors, we can make more confident decisions on FST in ES-EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiotis Tanos
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen & Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK
| | - Savvas Dimitriou
- Aberdeen Fertility Centre, NHS Grampian and University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK;
| | - Giuseppe Gullo
- In Vitro Fertilization Unit (IVF Unit), Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti, Villa Sofia Cervello, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vasilios Tanos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia 2024, Cyprus;
- St. Georges’ Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2408, Cyprus
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