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Taylor MM, Nelson KC, Dimitriou F. Skin Cancer Precursors: From Cancer Genomics to Early Diagnosis. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:851-868. [PMID: 38782646 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Skin cancers, including melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas, are responsible for increasing health care burden internationally. Risk stratification and early detection are paramount for prevention and less risky treatment to overall improve patient outcomes and disease morbidity. Here, the authors discuss the key concepts leading to skin cancer initiation and progression. The authors also outline precursor and progression models for melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas, including discussion of genetic alterations associated with the various stages of progression. Finally, the authors discuss the significance of immunoediting and the drivers behind increased risk of cutaneous malignancy in the state of immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison M Taylor
- John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1452, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kelly C Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1452, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Florentia Dimitriou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Ban GI, Puviindran V, Xiang Y, Nadesan P, Tang J, Ou J, Guardino N, Nakagawa M, Browne M, Wallace A, Ishikawa K, Shimada E, Martin JT, Diao Y, Kirsch DG, Alman BA. The COMPASS complex maintains the metastatic capacity imparted by a subpopulation of cells in UPS. iScience 2024; 27:110187. [PMID: 38989451 PMCID: PMC11233968 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity is common in cancer, particularly in sarcomas like undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), where individual cells demonstrate a high degree of cytogenic diversity. Previous studies showed that a small subset of cells within UPS, known as the metastatic clone (MC), as responsible for metastasis. Using a CRISPR-based genomic screen in-vivo, we identified the COMPASS complex member Setd1a as a key regulator maintaining the metastatic phenotype of the MC in murine UPS. Depletion of Setd1a inhibited metastasis development in the MC. Transcriptome and chromatin sequencing revealed COMPASS complex target genes in UPS, such as Cxcl10, downregulated in the MC. Deleting Cxcl10 in non-MC cells increased their metastatic potential. Treating mice with human UPS xenografts with a COMPASS complex inhibitor suppressed metastasis without affecting tumor growth in the primary tumor. Our data identified an epigenetic program in a subpopulation of sarcoma cells that maintains metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga I Ban
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vijitha Puviindran
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Puvi Nadesan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jackie Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jianhong Ou
- Department of Cell Biology and Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas Guardino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Makoto Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - MaKenna Browne
- Department of Cell Biology and Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Asjah Wallace
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Koji Ishikawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eijiro Shimada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John T Martin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology and Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- The Princes Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin A Alman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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3
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Ferrer CM, Cho HM, Boon R, Bernasocchi T, Wong LP, Cetinbas M, Haggerty ER, Mitsiades I, Wojtkiewicz GR, McLoughlin DE, Aboushousha R, Abdelhamid H, Kugel S, Rheinbay E, Sadreyev R, Juric D, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Mostoslavsky R. The glutathione S-transferase Gstt1 drives survival and dissemination in metastases. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:975-990. [PMID: 38862786 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the adaptive mechanisms of metastatic cancer cells remains an elusive question in the treatment of metastatic disease, particularly in pancreatic cancer (pancreatic adenocarcinoma, PDA). A loss-of-function shRNA targeted screen in metastatic-derived cells identified Gstt1, a member of the glutathione S-transferase superfamily, as uniquely required for dissemination and metastasis, but dispensable for primary tumour growth. Gstt1 is expressed in latent disseminated tumour cells (DTCs), is retained within a subpopulation of slow-cycling cells within existing metastases, and its inhibition leads to complete regression of macrometastatic tumours. This distinct Gstt1high population is highly metastatic and retains slow-cycling phenotypes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition features and DTC characteristics compared to the Gstt1low population. Mechanistic studies indicate that in this subset of cancer cells, Gstt1 maintains metastases by binding and glutathione-modifying intracellular fibronectin, in turn promoting its secretion and deposition into the metastatic microenvironment. We identified Gstt1 as a mediator of metastasis, highlighting the importance of heterogeneity and its influence on the metastatic tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Ferrer
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Hyo Min Cho
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ruben Boon
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Galapagos NV, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Tiziano Bernasocchi
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lai Ping Wong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Murat Cetinbas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Haggerty
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene Mitsiades
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniel E McLoughlin
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Termeer Center for Targeted Therapies, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reem Aboushousha
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Hend Abdelhamid
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sita Kugel
- Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Esther Rheinbay
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dejan Juric
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Termeer Center for Targeted Therapies, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Raul Mostoslavsky
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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4
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Zhou W, Zhu C, Shen P, Wang JF, Zhu G, Jia Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Sun J, Yang F, Song Y, Han X, Guan X. Hypoxia stimulates CTC-platelet cluster formation to promote breast cancer metastasis. iScience 2024; 27:109547. [PMID: 38660400 PMCID: PMC11039329 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cell clusters/micro-emboli (CTM) possess greater metastatic capacity and survival advantage compared to individual circulating tumor cell (CTC). However, the formation of CTM subtypes and their role in tumor metastasis remain unclear. In this study, we used a microfluidic Cluster-Chip with easy operation and high efficiency to isolate CTM from peripheral blood, which confirmed their correlation with clinicopathological features and identified the critical role of CTC-platelet clusters in breast cancer metastasis. The correlation between platelets and CTM function was further confirmed in a mouse model and RNA sequencing of CTM identified high-expressed genes related to hypoxia stimulation and platelet activation which possibly suggested the correlation of hypoxia and CTC-platelet cluster formation. In conclusion, we successfully developed the Cluster-Chip platform to realize the clinical capture of CTMs and analyze the biological properties of CTC-platelet clusters, which could benefit the design of potential treatment regimens to prevent CTM-mediated metastasis and tumor malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peiliang Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jacqueline F. Wang
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gaoshuang Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yueyao Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Yang
- The Comprehensive cancer Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yanni Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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5
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Roddur MS, Snir S, El-Kebir M. Enforcing Temporal Consistency in Migration History Inference. J Comput Biol 2024; 31:396-415. [PMID: 38754138 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2023.0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to undergoing evolution, members of biological populations may also migrate between locations. Examples include the spread of tumor cells from the primary tumor to distant metastases or the spread of pathogens from one host to another. One may represent migration histories by assigning a location label to each vertex of a given phylogenetic tree such that an edge connecting vertices with distinct locations represents a migration. Some biological populations undergo comigration, a phenomenon where multiple taxa from distinct lineages simultaneously comigrate from one location to another. In this work, we show that a previous problem statement for inferring migration histories that are parsimonious in terms of migrations and comigrations may lead to temporally inconsistent solutions. To remedy this deficiency, we introduce precise definitions of temporal consistency of comigrations in a phylogenetic tree, leading to three successive problems. First, we formulate the temporally consistent comigration problem to check if a set of comigrations is temporally consistent and provide a linear time algorithm for solving this problem. Second, we formulate the parsimonious consistent comigrations (PCC) problem, which aims to find comigrations given a location labeling of a phylogenetic tree. We show that PCC is NP-hard. Third, we formulate the parsimonious consistent comigration history (PCCH) problem, which infers the migration history given a phylogenetic tree and locations of its extant vertices only. We show that PCCH is NP-hard as well. On the positive side, we propose integer linear programming models to solve the PCC and PCCH problems. We demonstrate our algorithms on simulated and real data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Saha Roddur
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sagi Snir
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mohammed El-Kebir
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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6
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Karras P, Black JRM, McGranahan N, Marine JC. Decoding the interplay between genetic and non-genetic drivers of metastasis. Nature 2024; 629:543-554. [PMID: 38750233 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process by which cancer cells break away from their original location and spread to distant organs, and is responsible for the vast majority of cancer-related deaths. Preventing early metastatic dissemination would revolutionize the ability to fight cancer. Unfortunately, the relatively poor understanding of the molecular underpinnings of metastasis has hampered the development of effective anti-metastatic drugs. Although it is now accepted that disseminating tumour cells need to acquire multiple competencies to face the many obstacles they encounter before reaching their metastatic site(s), whether these competencies are acquired through an accumulation of metastasis-specific genetic alterations and/or non-genetic events is often debated. Here we review a growing body of literature highlighting the importance of both genetic and non-genetic reprogramming events during the metastatic cascade, and discuss how genetic and non-genetic processes act in concert to confer metastatic competencies. We also describe how recent technological advances, and in particular the advent of single-cell multi-omics and barcoding approaches, will help to better elucidate the cross-talk between genetic and non-genetic mechanisms of metastasis and ultimately inform innovative paths for the early detection and interception of this lethal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Karras
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James R M Black
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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7
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Gu J, Zhang J, Xia R, Wang X, Yang J, Xie F, Zhou Q, Li J, Zhang T, Chen Q, Fan Y, Guo S, Wang H. The role of histone H1.2 in pancreatic cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 73:101027. [PMID: 38290407 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly metastatic malignant tumor of the digestive system. Drug resistance frequently occurs during cancer treatment process. This study aimed to explore the link between chemoresistance and tumor metastasis in PC and its possible molecular and cellular mechanisms. METHODS A Metastasis and Chemoresistance Signature (MCS) scoring system was built and validated based on metastasis- and chemoresistance-related genes using gene expression data of PC, and the model was applied to single-cell RNA sequencing data. The influence of linker histone H1.2 (H1-2) on PC was explored through in vitro and in vivo experiments including proliferation, invasion, migration, drug sensitivity, rescue experiments and immunohistochemistry, emphasizing its regulation with c-MYC signaling pathway. RESULTS A novel MCS scoring system accurately predicted PC patient survival and was linked to chemoresistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PC single-cell RNA sequencing data. H1-2 emerged as a significant prognostic factor, with its high expression indicating increased chemoresistance and EMT. This upregulation was mediated by c-MYC, which was also found to be highly expressed in PC tissues. CONCLUSION The MCS scoring system offers insights into PC chemoresistance and metastasis potential. Targeting H1-2 could enhance therapeutic strategies and improve PC patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Gu
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renpei Xia
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianxing Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuming Xie
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghe Li
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of Biliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Shixiang Guo
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing 401147, China.
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8
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Reeves MQ, Balmain A. Mutations, Bottlenecks, and Clonal Sweeps: How Environmental Carcinogens and Genomic Changes Shape Clonal Evolution during Tumor Progression. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041388. [PMID: 38052482 PMCID: PMC10910358 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The transition from a single, initiated cell to a full-blown malignant tumor involves significant genomic evolution. Exposure to carcinogens-whether directly mutagenic or not-can drive progression toward malignancy, as can stochastic acquisition of cancer-promoting genetic events. Mouse models using both carcinogens and germline genetic manipulations have enabled precise inquiry into the evolutionary dynamics that take place as a tumor progresses from benign to malignant to metastatic stages. Tumor progression is characterized by changes in somatic point mutations and copy-number alterations, even though any single tumor can itself have a high or low burden of genomic alterations. Further, lineage-tracing, single-cell analyses and CRISPR barcoding have revealed the distinct clonal dynamics within benign and malignant tumors. Application of these tools in a range of mouse models can shed unique light on the patterns of clonal evolution that take place in both mouse and human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Q Reeves
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Allan Balmain
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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9
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Bowland K, Lai J, Skaist A, Zhang Y, Teh SSK, Roberts NJ, Thompson E, Wheelan SJ, Hruban RH, Karchin R, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Eshleman JR. Islands of genomic stability in the face of genetically unstable metastatic cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.26.577508. [PMID: 38352348 PMCID: PMC10862738 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Metastatic cancer affects millions of people worldwide annually and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Most patients with metastatic disease are not eligible for surgical resection, and current therapeutic regimens have varying success rates, some with 5-year survival rates below 5%. Here we test the hypothesis that metastatic cancer can be genetically targeted by exploiting single base substitution mutations unique to individual cells that occur as part of normal aging prior to transformation. These mutations are targetable because ~10% of them form novel tumor-specific "NGG" protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sites targetable by CRISPR-Cas9. Methods Whole genome sequencing was performed on five rapid autopsy cases of patient-matched primary tumor, normal and metastatic tissue from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma decedents. CRISPR-Cas9 PAM targets were determined by bioinformatic tumor-normal subtraction for each patient and verified in metastatic samples by high-depth capture-based sequencing. Results We found that 90% of PAM targets were maintained between primary carcinomas and metastases overall. We identified rules that predict PAM loss or retention, where PAMs located in heterozygous regions in the primary tumor can be lost in metastases (private LOH), but PAMs occurring in regions of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the primary tumor were universally conserved in metastases. Conclusions Regions of truncal LOH are strongly retained in the presence of genetic instability, and therefore represent genetic vulnerabilities in pancreatic adenocarcinomas. A CRISPR-based gene therapy approach targeting these regions may be a novel way to genetically target metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Bowland
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiaying Lai
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alyza Skaist
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Selina Shiqing K Teh
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Roberts
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Thompson
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah J. Wheelan
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph H. Hruban
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James R. Eshleman
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
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10
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Stosic K, Senar OA, Tarfouss J, Bouchart C, Navez J, Van Laethem JL, Arsenijevic T. A Comprehensive Review of the Potential Role of Liquid Biopsy as a Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Biomarker in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cells 2023; 13:3. [PMID: 38201207 PMCID: PMC10778087 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal malignant diseases, with a mortality rate being close to incidence. Due to its heterogeneity and plasticity, as well as the lack of distinct symptoms in the early phases, it is very often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in poor prognosis. Traditional tissue biopsies remain the gold standard for making a diagnosis, but have an obvious disadvantage in their inapplicability for frequent sampling. Blood-based biopsies represent a non-invasive method which potentially offers easy and repeated sampling, leading to the early detection and real-time monitoring of the disease and hopefully an accurate prognosis. Given the urgent need for a reliable biomarker that can estimate a patient's condition and response to an assigned treatment, blood-based biopsies are emerging as a potential new tool for improving patients' survival and surveillance. In this article, we discuss the current advances and challenges in using liquid biopsies for pancreatic cancer, focusing on circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and circulating tumour cells (CTCs), and compare the performance and reliability of different biomarkers and combinations of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosta Stosic
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Oier Azurmendi Senar
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Jawad Tarfouss
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Christelle Bouchart
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Navez
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Van Laethem
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Oncology, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tatjana Arsenijevic
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium (O.A.S.); (C.B.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Oncology, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Song J, Xu R, Zhang H, Xue X, Ruze R, Chen Y, Yin X, Wang C, Zhao Y. Cell-in-Cell-Mediated Entosis Reveals a Progressive Mechanism in Pancreatic Cancer. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:1505-1521.e20. [PMID: 37657757 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly malignancy with high intratumoral heterogeneity. There is a lack of effective therapeutics for PDAC. Entosis, a form of nonapoptotic regulated cell death mediated by cell-in-cell structures (CICs), has been reported in multiple cancers. However, the role of entosis in PDAC progression remains unclear. METHODS CICs were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. The formation of CICs was induced by suspension culture. Through fluorescence-activated cell sorting and single-cell RNA sequencing, entosis-forming cells were collected and their differential gene expression was analyzed. Cell functional assays and mouse models were used to investigate malignant phenotypes. Clinical correlations between entosis and PDAC were established by retrospective analysis. RESULTS Entosis was associated with an unfavorable prognosis for patients with PDAC and was more prevalent in liver metastases than in primary tumors. The single-cell RNA sequencing results revealed that several oncogenes were up-regulated in entosis-forming cells compared with parental cells. These highly entotic cells demonstrated higher oncogenic characteristics in vitro and in vivo. NET1, neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1, is an entosis-related gene that plays a pivotal role in PDAC progression and is correlated with poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Entosis is correlated with PDAC progression, especially in liver metastasis. NET1 is a newly validated entosis-related gene and a molecular marker of poor outcomes. PDAC cells generate a highly aggressive subpopulation marked by up-regulated NET1 via entosis, which may drive PDAC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinpeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing People's Republic of China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Nasr MM, Lynch CC. How circulating tumor cluster biology contributes to the metastatic cascade: from invasion to dissemination and dormancy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:1133-1146. [PMID: 37442876 PMCID: PMC10713810 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are known to be prognostic for metastatic relapse and are detected in patients as solitary cells or cell clusters. Circulating tumor cell clusters (CTC clusters) have been observed clinically for decades and are of significantly higher metastatic potential compared to solitary CTCs. Recent studies suggest distinct differences in CTC cluster biology regarding invasion and survival in circulation. However, differences regarding dissemination, dormancy, and reawakening require more investigations compared to solitary CTCs. Here, we review the current state of CTC cluster research and consider their clinical significance. In addition, we discuss the concept of collective invasion by CTC clusters and molecular evidence as to how cluster survival in circulation compares to that of solitary CTCs. Molecular differences between solitary and clustered CTCs during dormancy and reawakening programs will also be discussed. We also highlight future directions to advance our current understanding of CTC cluster biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M Nasr
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Conor C Lynch
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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13
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Torres AY, Nano M, Campanale JP, Deak S, Montell DJ. Activated Src kinase promotes cell cannibalism in Drosophila. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202302076. [PMID: 37747450 PMCID: PMC10518265 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202302076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Src family kinases (SFKs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins acting downstream of receptors and regulating cellular processes including proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Elevated SFK expression and activity correlate with progression of a variety of cancers. Here, using the Drosophila melanogaster border cells as a model, we report that localized activation of a Src kinase promotes an unusual behavior: engulfment of one cell by another. By modulating Src expression and activity in the border cell cluster, we found that increased Src kinase activity, either by mutation or loss of a negative regulator, is sufficient to drive one cell to engulf another living cell. We elucidate a molecular mechanism that requires integrins, the kinases SHARK and FAK, and Rho family GTPases, but not the engulfment receptor Draper. We propose that cell cannibalism is a result of aberrant phagocytosis, where cells with dysregulated Src activity fail to differentiate between living and dead or self versus non-self, thus driving this malignant behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Yurani Torres
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Maddalena Nano
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Joseph P. Campanale
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Sierra Deak
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Denise J. Montell
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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14
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Qi C, Xie T, Zhou J, Wang X, Gong J, Zhang X, Li J, Yuan J, Liu C, Shen L. CT041 CAR T cell therapy for Claudin18.2-positive metastatic pancreatic cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:102. [PMID: 37689733 PMCID: PMC10492318 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer lacks effective therapy. Here, we reported two metastatic pancreatic cancer patients administrated with Claudin 18.2 (CLDN 18.2) CART therapy after the failure of standard therapy (NCT04581473 and NCT03874897). In case 1, with CLDN 18.2 expression of 2+, 70%, 250 × 106 cells were infused after lymphodepletion. Grade 1 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred on d1 which was later controlled by tocilizumab. Partial response (PR) was achieved according to RECIST v1.1, with great shrinkage of lung metastasis. An increasing CD8+ T cell and Treg cells and declining CD4+ T cell and B cell were observed. In case 2, IHC result of ClDN18.2 showed 3+, 60%. 250 × 106 CLDN18.2 CART cells were subsequently administered. Patient experienced grade 2 CRS, which was controlled with tocilizumab. Target lesions of lung metastasis further achieved complete response. Similar increasing CD8+ T cell and Treg cell was detected from peripheral blood. Elevating IL-8 and declining TGF-β1 were also observed. The tumor is still under well control until the last follow-up on July 18, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsong Qi
- Department of Early Drug Development Center, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jifang Gong
- Department of Early Drug Development Center, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Early Drug Development Center, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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15
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Zhou M, Li K, Luo KQ. Shear Stress Drives the Cleavage Activation of Protease-Activated Receptor 2 by PRSS3/Mesotrypsin to Promote Invasion and Metastasis of Circulating Lung Cancer Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301059. [PMID: 37395651 PMCID: PMC10477893 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
When circulating tumor cells (CTCs) travel in circulation, they can be killed by detachment-induced anoikis and fluidic shear stress (SS)-mediated apoptosis. Circulatory treatment, which can make CTCs detached but also generate SS, can increase metastasis of cancer cells. To identify SS-specific mechanosensors without detachment impacts, a microfluidic circulatory system is used to generate arteriosus SS and compare transcriptome profiles of circulating lung cancer cells with suspended cells. Half of the cancer cells can survive SS damage and show higher invasion ability. Mesotrypsin (PRSS3), protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), and the subunit of activating protein 1, Fos-related antigen 1 (FOSL1), are upregulated by SS, and their high expression is responsible for promoting invasion and metastasis. SS triggers PRSS3 to cleave the N-terminal inhibitory domain of PAR2 within 2 h. As a G protein-coupled receptor, PAR2 further activates the Gαi protein to turn on the Src-ERK/p38/JNK-FRA1/cJUN axis to promote the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, and also PRSS3, which facilitates metastasis. Enriched PRSS3, PAR2, and FOSL1 in human tumor samples and their correlations with worse outcomes reveal their clinical significance. PAR2 may serve as an SS-specific mechanosensor cleavable by PRSS3 in circulation, which provides new insights for targeting metastasis-initiating CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muya Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauTaipaMacao SAR999078China
| | - Koukou Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauTaipaMacao SAR999078China
| | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauTaipaMacao SAR999078China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision OncologyUniversity of MacauTaipaMacao SAR999078China
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16
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Palmiero M, Cantarosso I, di Blasio L, Monica V, Peracino B, Primo L, Puliafito A. Collective directional migration drives the formation of heteroclonal cancer cell clusters. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:1699-1725. [PMID: 36587372 PMCID: PMC10483614 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasisation occurs through the acquisition of invasive and survival capabilities that allow tumour cells to colonise distant sites. While the role of multicellular aggregates in cancer dissemination is acknowledged, the mechanisms that drive the formation of multiclonal cell aggregates are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that cancer cells of different tissue of origins can perform collective directional migration and can actively form heteroclonal aggregates in 3D, through a proliferation-independent mechanism. Coalescence of distant cell clusters is mediated by subcellular actin-rich protrusions and multicellular outgrowths that extend towards neighbouring aggregates. Coherently, perturbation of cytoskeletal dynamics impairs collective migration while myosin II activation is necessary for multicellular movements. We put forward the hypothesis that cluster attraction is mediated by secreted soluble factors. Such a hypothesis is consistent with the abrogation of aggregation by inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK, the chemoattracting activity of conditioned culture media and with a wide screening of secreted proteins. Our results present a novel collective migration model and shed light on the mechanisms of formation of heteroclonal aggregates in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Palmiero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Isabel Cantarosso
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Laura di Blasio
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Valentina Monica
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Barbara Peracino
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesSan Luigi Hospital, University of TurinOrbassanoItaly
| | - Luca Primo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Alberto Puliafito
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
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17
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Zhang F, Li H, Lin X, Zhu X, Chen X, Wang B, Zhu Z, Chen X, Liang G, Zhang J, Wei X, Tian H. In vivo flow cytometry reveals an anti-metastatic effect of Rujifang in triple-negative breast cancer. Cytometry A 2023; 103:723-731. [PMID: 37276218 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the highest metastasis and mortality rate among all breast cancer subtypes. Rujifang is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with many years of clinical application in breast cancer treatment. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of Rujifang on circulating tumor cell (CTC) dynamics and the tumor microenvironment in a ZsGreen/luciferase double-labeled TNBC orthotopic model. We report that the number of CTCs monitored by in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) strongly correlates with disease progression. Rujifang treatment decreased the number of CTCs and suppressed the distant metastasis of TNBC. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Rujifang treatment could affect the tumor microenvironment by downregulating Kindlin-1, which has been reported to promote metastasis of TNBC. Our study provides evidence of the anti-metastatic effect of Rujifang against TNBC in an animal model using fluorescent cell lines. The results suggest the potential therapeutic value of Rujifang as an anti-metastatic drug, however, further clinical trials are needed to validate these findings in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Zhang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Cancer Center, The 8th Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuezhang Chen
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Zhixia Zhu
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Xikang Chen
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Guiwen Liang
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Jingtao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqin Tian
- Cancer Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
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18
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Fernández-Santiago C, López-López R, Piñeiro R. Models to study CTCs and CTC culture methods. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 381:57-98. [PMID: 37739484 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of cancer-related deaths are due to the presence of disseminated disease. Understanding the metastatic process is key to achieving a reduction in cancer mortality. Particularly, there is a need to understand the molecular mechanisms that drive cancer metastasis, which will allow the identification of curative treatments for metastatic cancers. Liquid biopsies have arisen as a minimally invasive approach to gain insights into the biology of metastasis. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs), shed to the circulation from the primary tumour or metastatic lesions, are a key component of liquid biopsy. As metastatic precursors, CTCs hold the potential to unravel the mechanisms involved in metastasis formation as well as new therapeutic strategies for treating metastatic disease. However, the complex biology of CTCs together with their low frequency in circulation are factors hampering an in-depth mechanistic investigation of the metastatic process. To overcome these problems, CTC-derived models, including CTC-derived xenograft (CDX) and CTC-derived ex vivo cultures, in combination with more traditional in vivo models of metastasis, have emerged as powerful tools to investigate the biological features of CTCs facilitating cancer metastasis and uncover new therapeutic opportunities. In this chapter, we provide an up to date view of the diverse models used in different cancers to study the biology of CTCs, and of the methods developed for CTC culture and expansion, in vivo and ex vivo. We also report some of the main challenges and limitations that these models are facing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Fernández-Santiago
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Piñeiro
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Githaka JM, Pirayeshfard L, Goping IS. Cancer invasion and metastasis: Insights from murine pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130375. [PMID: 37150225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related mortality. A better understanding of the players that drive the aberrant invasion and migration of tumors cells will provide critical targets to inhibit metastasis. Postnatal pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis is characterized by highly proliferative, invasive, and migratory normal epithelial cells. Identifying the molecular regulators of pubertal gland development is a promising strategy since tumorigenesis and metastasis is postulated to be a consequence of aberrant reactivation of developmental stages. In this review, we summarize the pubertal morphogenesis regulators that are involved in cancer metastasis and revisit pubertal mammary gland transcriptome profiling to uncover both known and unknown metastasis genes. Our updated list of pubertal morphogenesis regulators shows that most are implicated in invasion and metastasis. This review highlights molecular linkages between development and metastasis and provides a guide for exploring novel metastatic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maringa Githaka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Leila Pirayeshfard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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20
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Shin E, Bak SH, Park T, Kim JW, Yoon SR, Jung H, Noh JY. Understanding NK cell biology for harnessing NK cell therapies: targeting cancer and beyond. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192907. [PMID: 37539051 PMCID: PMC10395517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-engineered immune cell therapies have partially transformed cancer treatment, as exemplified by the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells in certain hematologic malignancies. However, there are several limitations that need to be addressed to target more cancer types. Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of innate immune cells that represent a unique biology in cancer immune surveillance. In particular, NK cells obtained from heathy donors can serve as a source for genetically engineered immune cell therapies. Therefore, NK-based therapies, including NK cells, CAR-NK cells, and antibodies that induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of NK cells, have emerged. With recent advances in genetic engineering and cell biology techniques, NK cell-based therapies have become promising approaches for a wide range of cancers, viral infections, and senescence. This review provides a brief overview of NK cell characteristics and summarizes diseases that could benefit from NK-based therapies. In addition, we discuss recent preclinical and clinical investigations on the use of adoptive NK cell transfer and agents that can modulate NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Shin
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Bak
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Park
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Ran Yoon
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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21
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Katsuda T, Sussman J, Li J, Merrell AJ, Vostrejs W, Secreto A, Matsuzaki J, Ochiya T, Stanger BZ. Evidence for in vitro extensive proliferation of adult hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1436-1450. [PMID: 37352852 PMCID: PMC10362498 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several years, a method has emerged that endows adult hepatocytes with in vitro proliferative capacity, producing chemically induced liver progenitors (CLiPs). However, there is a growing controversy regarding the origin of these cells. Here, we provide lineage tracing-based evidence that adult hepatocytes acquire proliferative capacity in vitro using rat and mouse models. Unexpectedly, we also found that the CLiP method allows biliary epithelial cells to acquire extensive proliferative capacity. Interestingly, after long-term culture, hepatocyte-derived cells (hepCLiPs) and biliary epithelial cell-derived cells (bilCLiPs) become similar in their gene expression patterns, and they both exhibit differentiation capacity to form hepatocyte-like cells. Finally, we provide evidence that hepCLiPs can repopulate injured mouse livers, reinforcing our earlier argument that CLiPs can be a cell source for liver regenerative medicine. This study advances our understanding of the origin of CLiPs and motivates the application of this technique in liver regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Katsuda
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jonathan Sussman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jinyang Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allyson J Merrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William Vostrejs
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony Secreto
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell and Xenograft Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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22
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Tshering LF, Luo F, Russ S, Szenk M, Rubel D, Tutuska K, Rail JG, Balázsi G, Shen MM, Talos F. Immune mechanisms shape the clonal landscape during early progression of prostate cancer. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1071-1086.e8. [PMID: 37148881 PMCID: PMC10330387 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of the immune microenvironment in modulating intratumor heterogeneity is essential for effective cancer therapies. Using multicolor lineage tracing in genetically engineered mouse models and single-cell transcriptomics, we show that slowly progressing tumors contain a multiclonal landscape of relatively homogeneous subpopulations within a well-organized tumor microenvironment. In more advanced and aggressive tumors, however, the multiclonal landscape develops into competing dominant and minor clones accompanied by a disordered microenvironment. We demonstrate that this dominant/minor landscape is associated with differential immunoediting, in which minor clones are marked by an increased expression of IFNγ-response genes and the T cell-activating chemokines Cxcl9 and Cxcl11. Furthermore, immunomodulation of the IFNγ pathway can rescue minor clones from elimination. Notably, the immune-specific gene signature of minor clones exhibits a prognostic value for biochemical recurrence-free survival in human prostate cancer. These findings suggest new immunotherapy approaches for modulating clonal fitness and tumor progression in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara F Tshering
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Fu Luo
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Savanah Russ
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mariola Szenk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Diana Rubel
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Karis Tutuska
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - James G Rail
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Gábor Balázsi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael M Shen
- Departments of Medicine, Genetics & Development, Urology, and Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Flaminia Talos
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Departments of Medicine, Genetics & Development, Urology, and Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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23
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Wang G, Li J, Bojmar L, Chen H, Li Z, Tobias GC, Hu M, Homan EA, Lucotti S, Zhao F, Posada V, Oxley PR, Cioffi M, Kim HS, Wang H, Lauritzen P, Boudreau N, Shi Z, Burd CE, Zippin JH, Lo JC, Pitt GS, Hernandez J, Zambirinis CP, Hollingsworth MA, Grandgenett PM, Jain M, Batra SK, DiMaio DJ, Grem JL, Klute KA, Trippett TM, Egeblad M, Paul D, Bromberg J, Kelsen D, Rajasekhar VK, Healey JH, Matei IR, Jarnagin WR, Schwartz RE, Zhang H, Lyden D. Tumour extracellular vesicles and particles induce liver metabolic dysfunction. Nature 2023; 618:374-382. [PMID: 37225988 PMCID: PMC10330936 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer alters the function of multiple organs beyond those targeted by metastasis1,2. Here we show that inflammation, fatty liver and dysregulated metabolism are hallmarks of systemically affected livers in mouse models and in patients with extrahepatic metastasis. We identified tumour-derived extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) as crucial mediators of cancer-induced hepatic reprogramming, which could be reversed by reducing tumour EVP secretion via depletion of Rab27a. All EVP subpopulations, exosomes and principally exomeres, could dysregulate hepatic function. The fatty acid cargo of tumour EVPs-particularly palmitic acid-induced secretion of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) by Kupffer cells, generating a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, suppressing fatty acid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, and promoting fatty liver formation. Notably, Kupffer cell ablation or TNF blockade markedly decreased tumour-induced fatty liver generation. Tumour implantation or pre-treatment with tumour EVPs diminished cytochrome P450 gene expression and attenuated drug metabolism in a TNF-dependent manner. We also observed fatty liver and decreased cytochrome P450 expression at diagnosis in tumour-free livers of patients with pancreatic cancer who later developed extrahepatic metastasis, highlighting the clinical relevance of our findings. Notably, tumour EVP education enhanced side effects of chemotherapy, including bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity, suggesting that metabolic reprogramming of the liver by tumour-derived EVPs may limit chemotherapy tolerance in patients with cancer. Our results reveal how tumour-derived EVPs dysregulate hepatic function and their targetable potential, alongside TNF inhibition, for preventing fatty liver formation and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianlong Li
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linda Bojmar
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gabriel C Tobias
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mengying Hu
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edwin A Homan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serena Lucotti
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fengbo Zhao
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Basic Medical Research Center, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Valentina Posada
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peter R Oxley
- Samuel J. Wood Library, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michele Cioffi
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Han Sang Kim
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Huajuan Wang
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pernille Lauritzen
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy Boudreau
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhanjun Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christin E Burd
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan H Zippin
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James C Lo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Pitt
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Hernandez
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Constantinos P Zambirinis
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Paul M Grandgenett
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dominick J DiMaio
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jean L Grem
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelsey A Klute
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tanya M Trippett
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Doru Paul
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Bromberg
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Kelsen
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vinagolu K Rajasekhar
- Orthopedic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John H Healey
- Orthopedic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina R Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - William R Jarnagin
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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Torres AJF, Duryea J, McDonald OG. Pancreatic cancer epigenetics: adaptive metabolism reprograms starving primary tumors for widespread metastatic outgrowth. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:389-407. [PMID: 37316634 PMCID: PMC10591521 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a paradigm for adaptation to extreme stress. That is because genetic drivers are selected during tissue injury with epigenetic imprints encoding wound healing responses. Ironically, epigenetic memories of trauma that facilitate neoplasia can also recreate past stresses to restrain malignant progression through symbiotic tumor:stroma crosstalk. This is best exemplified by positive feedback between neoplastic chromatin outputs and fibroinflammatory stromal cues that encase malignant glands within a nutrient-deprived desmoplastic stroma. Because epigenetic imprints are chemically encoded by nutrient-derived metabolites bonded to chromatin, primary tumor metabolism adapts to preserve malignant epigenetic fidelity during starvation. Despite these adaptations, stromal stresses inevitably awaken primordial drives to seek more hospitable climates. The invasive migrations that ensue facilitate entry into the metastatic cascade. Metastatic routes present nutrient-replete reservoirs that accelerate malignant progression through adaptive metaboloepigenetics. This is best exemplified by positive feedback between biosynthetic enzymes and nutrient transporters that saturate malignant chromatin with pro-metastatic metabolite byproducts. Here we present a contemporary view of pancreatic cancer epigenetics: selection of neoplastic chromatin under fibroinflammatory pressures, preservation of malignant chromatin during starvation stresses, and saturation of metastatic chromatin by nutritional excesses that fuel lethal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo J Franco Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building Room 4086A, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey Duryea
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building Room 4086A, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Oliver G McDonald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building Room 4086A, Miami, FL, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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25
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Hessey S, Fessas P, Zaccaria S, Jamal-Hanjani M, Swanton C. Insights into the metastatic cascade through research autopsies. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:490-502. [PMID: 37059687 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process and the leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Recent studies have demonstrated that genomic sequencing data from paired primary and metastatic tumours can be used to trace the evolutionary origins of cells responsible for metastasis. This approach has yielded new insights into the genomic alterations that engender metastatic potential, and the mechanisms by which cancer spreads. Given that the reliability of these approaches is contingent upon how representative the samples are of primary and metastatic tumour heterogeneity, we review insights from studies that have reconstructed the evolution of metastasis within the context of their cohorts and designs. We discuss the role of research autopsies in achieving the comprehensive sampling necessary to advance the current understanding of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Hessey
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Computational Cancer Genomics Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Petros Fessas
- Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Simone Zaccaria
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Computational Cancer Genomics Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Mariam Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK; Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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26
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Burdziak C, Alonso-Curbelo D, Walle T, Reyes J, Barriga FM, Haviv D, Xie Y, Zhao Z, Zhao CJ, Chen HA, Chaudhary O, Masilionis I, Choo ZN, Gao V, Luan W, Wuest A, Ho YJ, Wei Y, Quail DF, Koche R, Mazutis L, Chaligné R, Nawy T, Lowe SW, Pe’er D. Epigenetic plasticity cooperates with cell-cell interactions to direct pancreatic tumorigenesis. Science 2023; 380:eadd5327. [PMID: 37167403 PMCID: PMC10316746 DOI: 10.1126/science.add5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The response to tumor-initiating inflammatory and genetic insults can vary among morphologically indistinguishable cells, suggesting as yet uncharacterized roles for epigenetic plasticity during early neoplasia. To investigate the origins and impact of such plasticity, we performed single-cell analyses on normal, inflamed, premalignant, and malignant tissues in autochthonous models of pancreatic cancer. We reproducibly identified heterogeneous cell states that are primed for diverse, late-emerging neoplastic fates and linked these to chromatin remodeling at cell-cell communication loci. Using an inference approach, we revealed signaling gene modules and tissue-level cross-talk, including a neoplasia-driving feedback loop between discrete epithelial and immune cell populations that was functionally validated in mice. Our results uncover a neoplasia-specific tissue-remodeling program that may be exploited for pancreatic cancer interception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Burdziak
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Direna Alonso-Curbelo
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Thomas Walle
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases; Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - José Reyes
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Francisco M. Barriga
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Doron Haviv
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yubin Xie
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Chujun Julia Zhao
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University; New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hsuan-An Chen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ojasvi Chaudhary
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Ignas Masilionis
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Zi-Ning Choo
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vianne Gao
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wei Luan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexandra Wuest
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yuhong Wei
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University; Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Daniela F Quail
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University; Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Richard Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Linas Mazutis
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University; New York, NY 10027, USA
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Centre; Vilnius University, Vilnius LT 02158, Lithuania
| | - Ronan Chaligné
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Tal Nawy
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Dana Pe’er
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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27
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Nguyen HP, Sheng R, Murray E, Ito Y, Bruck M, Biellak C, An K, Lynce F, Dillon DA, Magbanua MJM, Huppert LA, Hammerlindl H, Esserman L, Rosenbluth JM, Ahituv N. Implantation of engineered adipocytes that outcompete tumors for resources suppresses cancer progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.28.534564. [PMID: 37034710 PMCID: PMC10081280 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.28.534564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Tumors acquire an increased ability to obtain and metabolize nutrients. Here, we engineered and implanted adipocytes to outcompete tumors for nutrients and show that they can substantially reduce cancer progression. Growing cells or xenografts from several cancers (breast, colon, pancreas, prostate) alongside engineered human adipocytes or adipose organoids significantly suppresses cancer progression and reduces hypoxia and angiogenesis. Transplanting modulated adipocyte organoids in pancreatic or breast cancer mouse models nearby or distal from the tumor significantly suppresses its growth. To further showcase therapeutic potential, we demonstrate that co-culturing tumor organoids derived from human breast cancers with engineered patient-derived adipocytes significantly reduces cancer growth. Combined, our results introduce a novel cancer therapeutic approach, termed adipose modulation transplantation (AMT), that can be utilized for a broad range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai P. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rory Sheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Murray
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yusuke Ito
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Bruck
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cassidy Biellak
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kelly An
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Filipa Lynce
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Deborah A. Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 04158, USA
| | - Laura A. Huppert
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heinz Hammerlindl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Laura Esserman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Rosenbluth
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub – San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nadav Ahituv
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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28
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Zhou Y, Xia J, Xu S, She T, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Wen M, Jiang T, Xiong Y, Lei J. Experimental mouse models for translational human cancer research. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095388. [PMID: 36969176 PMCID: PMC10036357 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and growth of tumors remains an important and ongoing threat to human life around the world. While advanced therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint therapy and CAR-T have achieved astonishing progress in the treatment of both solid and hematological malignancies, the malignant initiation and progression of cancer remains a controversial issue, and further research is urgently required. The experimental animal model not only has great advantages in simulating the occurrence, development, and malignant transformation mechanisms of tumors, but also can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a diverse array of clinical interventions, gradually becoming an indispensable method for cancer research. In this paper, we have reviewed recent research progress in relation to mouse and rat models, focusing on spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable tumor models, to help guide the future study of malignant mechanisms and tumor prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Jiang
- *Correspondence: Jie Lei, ; Yanlu Xiong, ; Tao Jiang,
| | - Yanlu Xiong
- *Correspondence: Jie Lei, ; Yanlu Xiong, ; Tao Jiang,
| | - Jie Lei
- *Correspondence: Jie Lei, ; Yanlu Xiong, ; Tao Jiang,
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29
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Bootsma S, Bijlsma MF, Vermeulen L. The molecular biology of peritoneal metastatic disease. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e15914. [PMID: 36700339 PMCID: PMC9994485 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases are a common form of tumor cell dissemination in gastrointestinal malignancies. Peritoneal metastatic disease (PMD) is associated with severe morbidity and resistance to currently employed therapies. Given the distinct route of dissemination compared with distant organ metastases, and the unique microenvironment of the peritoneal cavity, specific tumor cell characteristics are needed for the development of PMD. In this review, we provide an overview of the known histopathological, genomic, and transcriptomic features of PMD. We find that cancers representing the mesenchymal subtype are strongly associated with PMD in various malignancies. Furthermore, we discuss the peritoneal niche in which the metastatic cancer cells reside, including the critical role of the peritoneal immune system. Altogether, we show that PMD should be regarded as a distinct disease entity, that requires tailored treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Bootsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular MedicineAmsterdam UMC, Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer BiologyAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular MedicineAmsterdam UMC, Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer BiologyAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular MedicineAmsterdam UMC, Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer BiologyAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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30
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Blood-Based Biomarker Analysis for Predicting Efficacy of Chemoradiotherapy and Durvalumab in Patients with Unresectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041151. [PMID: 36831494 PMCID: PMC9953836 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We recruited 50 patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who received CCRT between March 2020 and March 2021. Durvalumab consolidation (DC) was administered to patients (n = 23) without progression after CCRT and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥ 1%. Blood samples were collected before (C0) and after CCRT (C1) to calculate PBC counts and analyze CTCs. CTCs, isolated by the CD-PRIMETM system, exhibited EpCAM/CK+/CD45- phenotype in BioViewCCBSTM. At median follow-up of 27.4 months, patients with residual CTC clusters at C1 had worse median PFS than those without a detectable CTC cluster (11.0 vs. 27.8 months, p = 0.032), and this trend was noted only in the DC group (p = 0.034). Patients with high platelets at C1 (PLThi, >252 × 103/µL) had worse median PFS than those with low platelets (PLTlo) (5.9 vs. 17.1 months, p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, PLThi and residual CTC clusters at C1 were independent risk factors for PFS, and DC group with PLThi and residual CTC clusters at C1 showed the worst median PFS (2.6 months, HR 45.16, p = 0.001), even worse than that of the CCRT alone group with PLThi (5.9 months, HR 15.39, p = 0.001). The comprehensive analysis of CTCs and PBCs before and after CCRT revealed that the clearance of CTC clusters and platelet counts at C1 might be potential biomarkers for predicting survival.
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31
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Sun C, Ye Y, Tan Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Hu W, Liang K, Egranov SD, Huang LA, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Yao J, Nguyen TK, Zhao Z, Wu A, Marks JR, Caudle AS, Sahin AA, Gao J, Gammon ST, Piwnica-Worms D, Hu J, Chiao PJ, Yu D, Hung MC, Curran MA, Calin GA, Ying H, Han L, Lin C, Yang L. Tumor-associated nonmyelinating Schwann cell-expressed PVT1 promotes pancreatic cancer kynurenine pathway and tumor immune exclusion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6995. [PMID: 36724291 PMCID: PMC9891701 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the major obstacles to treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is its immunoresistant microenvironment. The functional importance and molecular mechanisms of Schwann cells in PDAC remains largely elusive. We characterized the gene signature of tumor-associated nonmyelinating Schwann cells (TASc) in PDAC and indicated that the abundance of TASc was correlated with immune suppressive tumor microenvironment and the unfavorable outcome of patients with PDAC. Depletion of pancreatic-specific TASc promoted the tumorigenesis of PDAC tumors. TASc-expressed long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) was triggered by the tumor cell-produced interleukin-6. Mechanistically, PVT1 modulated RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase in TASc, facilitating its enzymatic activities in catalysis of tryptophan to kynurenine. Depletion of TASc-expressed PVT1 suppressed PDAC tumor growth. Furthermore, depletion of TASc using a small-molecule inhibitor effectively sensitized PDAC to immunotherapy, signifying the important roles of TASc in PDAC immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcao Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi Tan
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yajuan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ke Liang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sergey D. Egranov
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lisa Angela Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yaohua Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tina K. Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Marks
- Division of Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Abigail S. Caudle
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aysegul A. Sahin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Seth T. Gammon
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul J. Chiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Michael A. Curran
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haoqiang Ying
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunru Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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32
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Shan NL, Kahn A, Pusztai L. Intratumour heterogeneity, from hypothesis to the clinic. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:459-460. [PMID: 36216884 PMCID: PMC9938204 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02008-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances uncovered intricate biological processes underlying intratumor heterogeneity with clinical implications. These insights led to novel biomarkers for immunotherapies, justified serial tumour biopsies for therapeutic target profiling, inspired new treatment strategies, and ultimately might yield novel therapeutics that target clonal interdependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naing Lin Shan
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., PO Box 208032, New Haven, CT, 05620, USA
| | - Adriana Kahn
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., PO Box 208032, New Haven, CT, 05620, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., PO Box 208032, New Haven, CT, 05620, USA.
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33
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Ring A, Nguyen-Sträuli BD, Wicki A, Aceto N. Biology, vulnerabilities and clinical applications of circulating tumour cells. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:95-111. [PMID: 36494603 PMCID: PMC9734934 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, exceptional technological advances have enabled the identification and interrogation of rare circulating tumour cells (CTCs) from blood samples of patients, leading to new fields of research and fostering the promise for paradigm-changing, liquid biopsy-based clinical applications. Analysis of CTCs has revealed distinct biological phenotypes, including the presence of CTC clusters and the interaction between CTCs and immune or stromal cells, impacting metastasis formation and providing new insights into cancer vulnerabilities. Here we review the progress made in understanding biological features of CTCs and provide insight into exploiting these developments to design future clinical tools for improving the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ring
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bich Doan Nguyen-Sträuli
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wicki
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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34
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Liu J, Mroczek M, Mach A, Stępień M, Aplas A, Pronobis-Szczylik B, Bukowski S, Mielczarek M, Gajewska E, Topolski P, Król ZJ, Szyda J, Dobosz P. Genetics, Genomics and Emerging Molecular Therapies of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030779. [PMID: 36765737 PMCID: PMC9913594 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of cases of pancreatic cancers in 2019 in Poland was 3852 (approx. 2% of all cancers). The course of the disease is very fast, and the average survival time from the diagnosis is 6 months. Only <2% of patients live for 5 years from the diagnosis, 8% live for 2 years, and almost half live for only about 3 months. A family predisposition to pancreatic cancer occurs in about 10% of cases. Several oncogenes in which somatic changes lead to the development of tumours, including genes BRCA1/2 and PALB2, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4, MLL3, TGFBR2, ARID1A and SF3B1, are involved in pancreatic cancer. Between 4% and 10% of individuals with pancreatic cancer will have a mutation in one of these genes. Six percent of patients with pancreatic cancer have NTRK pathogenic fusion. The pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer can in many cases be characterised by homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-cell inability to effectively repair DNA. It is estimated that from 24% to as many as 44% of pancreatic cancers show HRD. The most common cause of HRD are inactivating mutations in the genes regulating this DNA repair system, mainly BRCA1 and BRCA2, but also PALB2, RAD51C and several dozen others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Liu
- Biostatistics Group, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Mroczek
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics and Gene Diagnostics, Foundation for People with Rare Diseases, Wagistrasse 25, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Anna Mach
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Stępień
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Angelika Aplas
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Pronobis-Szczylik
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Bukowski
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magda Mielczarek
- Biostatistics Group, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Ewelina Gajewska
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Topolski
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew J. Król
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Szyda
- Biostatistics Group, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Paula Dobosz
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.D.)
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35
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Yamamoto A, Doak AE, Cheung KJ. Orchestration of Collective Migration and Metastasis by Tumor Cell Clusters. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:231-256. [PMID: 36207009 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-023557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination has lethal consequences for cancer patients. Accruing evidence supports the hypothesis that tumor cells can migrate and metastasize as clusters of cells while maintaining contacts with one another. Collective metastasis enables tumor cells to colonize secondary sites more efficiently, resist cell death, and evade the immune system. On the other hand, tumor cell clusters face unique challenges for dissemination particularly during systemic dissemination. Here, we review recent progress toward understanding how tumor cell clusters overcome these disadvantages as well as mechanisms they utilize to gain advantages throughout the metastatic process. We consider useful models for studying collective metastasis and reflect on how the study of collective metastasis suggests new opportunities for eradicating and preventing metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Yamamoto
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; , , .,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrea E Doak
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; , , .,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin J Cheung
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; , ,
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36
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Usman OH, Zhang L, Xie G, Kocher HM, Hwang CI, Wang YJ, Mallory X, Irianto J. Genomic heterogeneity in pancreatic cancer organoids and its stability with culture. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:71. [PMID: 36535941 PMCID: PMC9763422 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoid culture in recent years creates an exciting opportunity for researchers to perform a wide range of in vitro studies on a model that closely recapitulates the tumor. One of the outstanding question in pancreatic cancer biology is the causes and consequences of genomic heterogeneity observed in the disease. However, to use pancreatic cancer organoids as a model to study genomic variations, we need to first understand the degree of genomic heterogeneity and its stability within organoids. Here, we used single-cell whole-genome sequencing to investigate the genomic heterogeneity of two independent pancreatic cancer organoid lines, as well as their genomic stability with extended culture. Clonal populations with similar copy number profiles were observed within the organoids, and the proportion of these clones was shifted with extended culture, suggesting the growth advantage of some clones. However, sub-clonal genomic heterogeneity was also observed within each clonal population, indicating the genomic instability of the pancreatic cancer cells themselves. Furthermore, our transcriptomic analysis also revealed a positive correlation between copy number alterations and gene expression regulation, suggesting the "gene dosage" effect of these copy number alterations that translates to gene expression regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan H Usman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Gengqiang Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Hemant M Kocher
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary, John Vane Science Centre, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Chang-Il Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yue Julia Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Xian Mallory
- Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Jerome Irianto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
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37
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Zarubova J, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Norris SCP, Majedi FS, Xiao C, Kasko AM, Li S. Cell-Taxi: Mesenchymal Cells Carry and Transport Clusters of Cancer Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203515. [PMID: 36307906 PMCID: PMC9772300 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell clusters that collectively migrate from primary tumors appear to be far more potent in forming distant metastases than single cancer cells. A better understanding of the collective cell migration phenomenon and the involvement of various cell types during this process is needed. Here, an in vitro platform based on inverted-pyramidal microwells to follow and quantify the collective migration of hundreds of tumor cell clusters at once is developed. These results indicate that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the heterotypic tumor cell clusters may facilitate metastatic dissemination by transporting low-motile cancer cells in a Rac-dependent manner and that extracellular vesicles secreted by mesenchymal cells only play a minor role in this process. Furthermore, in vivo studies show that cancer cell spheroids containing MSCs or CAFs have faster spreading rates. These findings highlight the active role of co-traveling stromal cells in the collective migration of tumor cell clusters and may help in developing better-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zarubova
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
| | - Sam C P Norris
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Majedi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
| | - Crystal Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
| | - Andrea M Kasko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
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38
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Cell Dissemination in Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223683. [PMID: 36429111 PMCID: PMC9688670 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a disease notorious for its high frequency of recurrence and low survival rate. Surgery is the most effective treatment for localized pancreatic cancer, but most cancer recurs after surgery, and patients die within ten years of diagnosis. The question persists: what makes pancreatic cancer recur and metastasize with such a high frequency? Herein, we review evidence that subclinical dormant pancreatic cancer cells disseminate before developing metastatic or recurring cancer. We then discuss several routes by which pancreatic cancer migrates and the mechanisms by which pancreatic cancer cells adapt. Lastly, we discuss unanswered questions in pancreatic cancer cell migration and our perspectives.
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39
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Onuma K, Inoue M. Abnormality of Apico-Basal Polarity in Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3657-3663. [PMID: 36047965 PMCID: PMC9633284 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apico–basal polarity is a fundamental property of the epithelium that functions as a barrier, holds cells together, and determines the directions of absorption and secretion. Apico–basal polarity is regulated by extracellular matrix‐integrin binding and downstream signaling pathways, including focal adhesion kinase, rouse‐sarcoma oncogene (SRC), and RHO/RHO‐associated kinase (ROCK). Loss of epithelial cell polarity plays a critical role in the progression of cancer cells. However, in differentiated carcinomas, polarity is not completely lost but dysregulated. Recent progress with a three‐dimensional culture of primary cancer cells allowed for studies of the mechanism underlying the abnormality of polarity in differentiated cancers, including flexible switching of polarity status in response to the microenvironment. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) is one of the histopathological phenotypes of adenocarcinoma, which is characterized by inverted polarity. Aberrant activation of RHO–ROCK signaling plays a critical role in the MPC phenotype. Establishing in vitro models will contribute to future drug targeting of the abnormal polarity status in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunishige Onuma
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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40
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Lineage Tracing and Molecular Real-Time Imaging of Cancer Stem Cells. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090703. [PMID: 36140088 PMCID: PMC9496355 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cancer stem cells (CSC) are the roots of cancer. The CSC hypothesis may provide a model to explain the tumor cell heterogeneity. Understand the biological mechanism of CSC will help the early detection and cure of cancer. The discovery of the dynamic changes in CSC will be possible by the using of bio-engineering techniques-lineage tracing. However, it is difficult to obtain real-time, continuous, and dynamic live-imaging information using the traditional approaches that take snapshots of time points from different animals. The goal of molecular imaging is to monitor the in situ, continuous molecular changes of cells in vivo. Therefore, the most advanced bioengineering lineage tracing approach, while using a variety of molecular detection methods, will maximize the presentation of CSC. In this review, we first introduce the method of lineage tracing, and then introduce the various components of molecular images to dynamic detect the CSC. Finally, we analyze the current situation and look forward the future of CSC detection.
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41
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Modeling Colorectal Cancer Progression Reveals Niche-Dependent Clonal Selection. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174260. [PMID: 36077793 PMCID: PMC9454531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the deadliest cancers worldwide, with metastasis being the main cause of patient mortality. During CRC progression the complex tumor ecosystem changes in its composition at virtually every stage. However, clonal dynamics and associated niche-dependencies at these stages are unknown. Hence, it is of importance to utilize models that faithfully recapitulate human CRC to define its clonal dynamics. We used an optical barcoding approach in mouse-derived organoids (MDOs) that revealed niche-dependent clonal selection. Our findings highlight that clonal selection is controlled by a site-specific niche, which critically contributes to cancer heterogeneity and has implications for therapeutic intervention.
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42
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Lu L, Hu W, Liu B, Yang T. Insights into Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters: A Barometer for Treatment Effects and Prognosis for Prostate Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163985. [PMID: 36010983 PMCID: PMC9406494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a promising biomarker for the risk of prostate cancer aggressiveness and metastasis and play a role in the processes of tumor migration and metastasis. CTC clusters, which have different physical and biological properties from individual CTCs, are collections of tumor cells and non-malignant cells, resulting in greater metastatic potential. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge of CTC clusters in metastasis as well as related biological properties and to suggest possibilities for their usage in diagnostic and therapeutic practice. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits high cellular heterogeneity across patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more real-time and accurate detection methods, in both prognosis and treatment in clinical settings. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters, a population of tumor cells and non-malignant cells in the blood of patients with tumors, are a promising non-invasive tool for screening PCa progression and identifying potential benefit groups. CTC clusters are associated with tumor metastasis and possess stem-like characteristics, which are likely attributable to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, these biological properties of CTC clusters, particularly androgen receptor V7, have indicated the potential to reflect curative effects, guide treatment modalities, and predict prognosis in PCa patients. Here, we discuss the role of CTC clusters in the mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis and clinical applications, with the aim of informing more appropriate clinical decisions, and ultimately, improving the overall survival of PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyao Lu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Bingli Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area People’s Hospital, Shanghai 201299, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (T.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-21-2050-9000 (B.L.); +86-21-6803-6506 (T.Y.)
| | - Tao Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (T.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-21-2050-9000 (B.L.); +86-21-6803-6506 (T.Y.)
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Ordered and deterministic cancer genome evolution after p53 loss. Nature 2022; 608:795-802. [PMID: 35978189 PMCID: PMC9402436 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although p53 inactivation promotes genomic instability1 and presents a route to malignancy for more than half of all human cancers2,3, the patterns through which heterogenous TP53 (encoding human p53) mutant genomes emerge and influence tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Here, in a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that reports sporadic p53 loss of heterozygosity before cancer onset, we find that malignant properties enabled by p53 inactivation are acquired through a predictable pattern of genome evolution. Single-cell sequencing and in situ genotyping of cells from the point of p53 inactivation through progression to frank cancer reveal that this deterministic behaviour involves four sequential phases—Trp53 (encoding mouse p53) loss of heterozygosity, accumulation of deletions, genome doubling, and the emergence of gains and amplifications—each associated with specific histological stages across the premalignant and malignant spectrum. Despite rampant heterogeneity, the deletion events that follow p53 inactivation target functionally relevant pathways that can shape genomic evolution and remain fixed as homogenous events in diverse malignant populations. Thus, loss of p53—the ‘guardian of the genome’—is not merely a gateway to genetic chaos but, rather, can enable deterministic patterns of genome evolution that may point to new strategies for the treatment of TP53-mutant tumours. Malignant evolution enabled by p53 inactivation in mice proceeds through an ordered and predictable pattern of Trp53 loss of heterozygosity, accumulation of deletions, genome doubling and the emergence of gains and amplifications.
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44
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Rath S, Chakraborty D, Pradhan J, Imran Khan M, Dandapat J. Epigenomic interplay in tumor heterogeneity: Potential of epidrugs as adjunct therapy. Cytokine 2022; 157:155967. [PMID: 35905624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
"Heterogeneity" in tumor mass has immense importance in cancer progression and therapy. The impact of tumor heterogeneity is an emerging field and not yet fully explored. Tumor heterogeneity is mainly considered as intra-tumor heterogeneity and inter-tumor heterogeneity based on their origin. Intra-tumor heterogeneity refers to the discrepancy within the same cancer mass while inter-tumor heterogeneity refers to the discrepancy between different patients having the same tumor type. Both of these heterogeneity types lead to variation in the histopathological as well as clinical properties of the cancer mass which drives disease resistance towards therapeutic approaches. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) act as pinnacle progenitors for heterogeneity development along with various other genetic and epigenetic parameters that are regulating this process. In recent times epigenetic factors are one of the most studied parameters that drive oxidative stress pathways essential during cancer progression. These epigenetic changes are modulated by various epidrugs and have an impact on tumor heterogeneity. The present review summarizes various aspects of epigenetic regulation in the tumor microenvironment, oxidative stress, and progression towards tumor heterogeneity that creates complications during cancer treatment. This review also explores the possible role of epidrugs in regulating tumor heterogeneity and personalized therapy against drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvasmita Rath
- Center of Environment, Climate Change and Public Health, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Diptesh Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Jyotsnarani Pradhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India; Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India.
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45
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Tao J, Zhu L, Yakoub M, Reißfelder C, Loges S, Schölch S. Cell-Cell Interactions Drive Metastasis of Circulating Tumor Microemboli. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2661-2671. [PMID: 35856896 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells are the cellular mediators of distant metastasis in solid malignancies. Their metastatic potential can be augmented by clustering with other tumor cells or nonmalignant cells, forming circulating tumor microemboli (CTM). Cell-cell interactions are key regulators within CTM that convey enhanced metastatic properties, including improved cell survival, immune evasion, and effective extravasation into distant organs. However, the cellular and molecular mechanism of CTM formation, as well as the biology of interactions between tumor cells and immune cells, platelets, and stromal cells in the circulation, remains to be determined. Here, we review the current literature on cell-cell interactions in homotypic and heterotypic CTM and provide perspectives on therapeutic strategies to attenuate CTM-mediated metastasis by targeting cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Tao
- JCCU Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lei Zhu
- JCCU Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mina Yakoub
- JCCU Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Reißfelder
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Loges
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Personalized Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schölch
- JCCU Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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46
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Masugi Y. The Desmoplastic Stroma of Pancreatic Cancer: Multilayered Levels of Heterogeneity, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133293. [PMID: 35805064 PMCID: PMC9265767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant disease with treatment resistance to standardized chemotherapies. In addition, only a small fraction of patients with pancreatic cancer has, to date, actionable genetic aberrations, leading to a narrow therapeutic window for molecularly targeted therapies or immunotherapies. A lot of preclinical and translational studies are ongoing to discover potential vulnerabilities to treat pancreatic cancer. Histologically, human pancreatic cancer is characterized by abundant cancer-associated fibrotic stroma, called “desmoplastic stroma”. Recent technological advances have revealed that desmoplastic stroma in pancreatic cancer is much more complicated than previously thought, playing pleiotropic roles in manipulating tumor cell fate and anti-tumor immunity. Moreover, real-world specimen-based analyses of pancreatic cancer stroma have also uncovered spatial heterogeneity and an intertumoral variety associated with molecular alterations, clinicopathological factors, and patient outcomes. This review describes an overview of the current efforts in the field of pancreatic cancer stromal biology and discusses treatment opportunities of stroma-modifying therapies against this hard-to-treat cancer. Abstract Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies and is becoming a dramatically increasing cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Abundant desmoplastic stroma is a histological hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Emerging evidence suggests a promising therapeutic effect of several stroma-modifying therapies that target desmoplastic stromal elements in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment. The evidence also unveils multifaceted roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in manipulating pancreatic cancer progression, immunity, and chemotherapeutic response. Current state-of-the-art technologies, including single-cell transcriptomics and multiplexed tissue imaging techniques, have provided a more profound knowledge of CAF heterogeneity in real-world specimens from pancreatic cancer patients, as well as in genetically engineered mouse models. In this review, we describe recent advances in the understanding of the molecular pathology bases of pancreatic cancer desmoplastic stroma at multilayered levels of heterogeneity, namely, (1) variations in cellular and non-cellular members, including CAF subtypes and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins; (2) geographical heterogeneity in relation to cell–cell interactions and signaling pathways at niche levels and spatial heterogeneity at locoregional levels or organ levels; and (3) intertumoral stromal heterogeneity at individual levels. This review further discusses the clinicopathological significance of desmoplastic stroma and the potential opportunities for stroma-targeted therapies against this lethal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Masugi
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1608582, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-3-5363-3764; Fax: +81-3-3353-3290
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
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47
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Qian Y, Gong Y, Zou X, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang R, Dai Z, Tasiheng Y, Lin X, Wang X, Luo G, Yu X, Cheng H, Liu C. Aberrant APOBEC3C expression induces characteristic genomic instability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:35. [PMID: 35750693 PMCID: PMC9232547 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a well-known lethal and heterogeneous disease. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) is an important mutagenic driver that has seldom been investigated in PDAC. Therefore, this study investigated the significance of APOBEC3C in PDAC. First, cytosine deamination-associated mutation signatures were identified in the PDAC cohorts from TCGA and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) datasets, and C > X-enriched kataegis regions were identified in the FUSCC cohort (12 to 27 counts per sample). Patients were stratified according to APOBEC3C expression, and high APOBEC3C expression was found to correlate with a higher motif enrichment score of 5’-CC-3’ and an elevated kataegis count within PCSK5 and NES genes. Second, we compared APOBEC expression in PDAC and normal pancreatic tissues and found that APOBEC3C was substantially upregulated in PDAC. APOBEC3C-overexpressing cell lines were generated to substantiate the effects of APOBEC3C on PDAC genome, including alterations in single-nucleotide variant (SNV) classes (higher proportion of C > T conversions) and the formation of kataegis regions (newly occurring kataegis regions detected in ACHE and MUC6 genes). Three different PDAC cohorts (FUSCC, TCGA, and QCMG) were analysed to evaluate the prognostic value of APOBEC3C, and APOBEC3C overexpression predicted shorter survival. Finally, the APOBEC3C overexpression correalted with the PDAC tumour microenvironment (TME) remodelling, APOBEC3C expression was associated with the invasion of CD4 + T lymphocytes and CD8 + T lymphocytes (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTLs), indicating enhanced immune activity and validating the practicality of APOBEC3C for guiding immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhen Qian
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitao Gong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjie Dai
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yesiboli Tasiheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Guopei Luo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - He Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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48
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Thege FI, Cardle II, Gruber CN, Siemann MJ, Cong S, Wittmann K, Love J, Kirby BJ. Acquired chemoresistance drives spatial heterogeneity, chemoprotection and collective migration in pancreatic tumor spheroids. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267882. [PMID: 35617275 PMCID: PMC9135276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors display rich cellular heterogeneity and typically consist of multiple co-existing clones with distinct genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. The acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy has been shown to contribute to the development of aggressive cancer traits, such as increased migration, invasion and stemness. It has been hypothesized that collective cellular behavior and cooperation of cancer cell populations may directly contribute to disease progression and lack of response to treatment. Here we show that the spontaneous emergence of chemoresistance in a cancer cell population exposed to the selective pressure of a chemotherapeutic agent can result in the emergence of collective cell behavior, including cell-sorting, chemoprotection and collective migration. We derived several gemcitabine resistant subclones from the human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC3 and determined that the observed chemoresistance was driven of a focal amplification of the chr11p15.4 genomic region, resulting in over-expression of the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) subunit RRM1. Interestingly, these subclones display a rich cell-sorting behavior when cultured as mixed tumor spheroids. Furthermore, we show that chemoresistant cells are able to exert a chemoprotective effect on non-resistant cells in spheroid co-culture, whereas no protective effect is seen in conventional 2D culture. We also demonstrate that the co-culture of resistant and non-resistant cells leads to collective migration where resistant cells enable migration of otherwise non-migratory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian I. Cardle
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Conor N. Gruber
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Megan J. Siemann
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sophie Cong
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Justin Love
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian J. Kirby
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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The interferon-β/STAT1 axis drives the collective invasion of skin squamous cell carcinoma with sealed intercellular spaces. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:27. [PMID: 35606369 PMCID: PMC9126940 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The process by which cancer cells invade as a cell cluster, known as collective invasion, is associated with metastasis and worse prognosis of cancer patients; therefore, inhibition of collective invasion is considered to improve cancer treatment. However, the cellular characteristics responsible for collective invasion remain largely unknown. Here, we successfully established subclones with various invasive potentials derived from human skin squamous carcinoma cells. The cell cluster of the highly invasive subclone had a hermetically sealed and narrow intercellular space. Interferon-β was localized to the sealed intercellular spaces, leading to collective invasion via the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). On the other hand, interferon-β was not localized to non-sealed and wide intercellular spaces of the cell cluster of low-invasive subclone with deficient STAT1 activity. In the mixed cell cluster of high- and low-invasive subclones, the high-invasive sub-clonal cells were located at the invasive front of the invasive protrusion, leading to collective invasion by the low-invasive sub-clonal cells. Tissue microarray analysis of human skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) also showed enrichment of STAT1 in the invasive front of SCCs. These findings indicate that the intercellular structure controls the potential for collective invasion via STAT1 regulation in SCC.
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Zhang Q, Sun S, Xie Q, Wang X, Qian J, Yao J, Li Z. FAM81A identified as a stemness-related gene by screening DNA methylation sites based on machine learning-accessed stemness in pancreatic cancer. Epigenomics 2022; 14:569-588. [PMID: 35574683 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We thoroughly discuss the interaction between the stemness index and DNA methylation in pancreatic cancer (PC). Materials & methods: First, the stemness indices of PC (denoted mRNAsi and mDNAsi) were calculated using a one-class logistic regression machine-learning algorithm. Second, we screened the central methylation sites associated with stemness and screened out the key genes. We investigated the DNA methylation regulators associated with the key genes. Finally, using CIBERSORT and TIMER, we assessed the influence of stemness indexes and key genes on PC microenvironment formation. Results: In this study we quantified the stemness indices for PC and screened 20 related central DNA methylation sites. Further analysis of the methylation site cg22687244, located in the 3' UTR, revealed that it promoted the expression of the key gene FAM81A. We show that FAM81A may be regulated by DNA methylation regulators. Furthermore, immune cells were found to be more abundant in PC microenvironments with high expression of FAM81A. Conclusion: We report for the first time that the 3' UTR methylation of FAM81A is closely related to PC stemness and contributes to tumor immune infiltration. Therefore FAM81A may serve as a potential marker to guide the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 111600, China
| | - Qiuyi Xie
- Medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Jianjun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Zhennan Li
- Medical college of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nantong Western Road, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
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