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Augusto MG, da Silva LFO, Lotto G, Santos TMDA, Aoki IV, Torres CRG, Scaramucci T, Borges AB. Effect of combining aminomethacrylate and fluoride against erosive and abrasive challenges on enamel and dentin. Eur J Oral Sci 2024:e13015. [PMID: 39210526 DOI: 10.1111/eos.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of solutions containing aminomethacrylate copolymer (AA) and sodium fluoride (F; 225 ppm F-) or fluoride plus stannous chloride (FSn; 225 ppm F-, 800 ppm Sn2+) against enamel and dentin erosion/abrasion. Solutions F, FSn, AA, F+AA, FSn+AA, and deionized water as negative control were tested. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens (n = 13/solution/substrate) underwent a set of erosion-abrasion cycles (0.3% citric acid [5 min, 4×/day], human saliva [1 h, 4×/day], brushing [15 s, 2×/day], and treatments [2 min, 2×/day]) for each of five days. Initial enamel erosion was evaluated using Knoop microhardness after the first and second acid challenge on day 1, and surface loss with profilometry after day 5. KOH-soluble fluoride was assessed. Data were analyzed with ANOVA/Tukey tests. The combination of fluoride and AA resulted in higher protection against enamel erosion, whereas this was not the case for the combination of AA and FSn. All treatments protected against enamel and dentin loss. The lowest surface loss values were observed with F+AA and FSn+AA. The polymer did not significantly influence the KOH-soluble fluoride formation on enamel/dentin specimens. The aminomethacrylate copolymer effectively enhanced the efficacy of sodium fluoride against initial erosion and improved the control of enamel and dentin wear of F and FSn solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gullo Augusto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário de Cascavel - UNIVEL, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Oliveira da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Lotto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires Maria de Andrade Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Idalina Vieira Aoki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tais Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chawhuaveang DD, Lam WYH, Chu CH, Yu OY. Silver diamine fluoride in preventing enamel erosion: An in vitro study with salivary pellicle. J Dent 2024; 149:105287. [PMID: 39103075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the prevention of enamel erosion and discolouring effect with a single and two weekly topical applications of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution. METHODS Human enamel blocks were divided into four groups. Group 1 (SDF2) received two weekly applications of SDF solution (Advantage Arrest: 260,000 ppm Ag, 44,300 ppm F, pH 9.1). Group 2 (SDF1) received a single application of SDF solution. Group 3 (SNF, Positive Control) received daily application of stannous-chloride/amine-fluoride/sodium-fluoride solution (Elmex® Enamel professional: 800 ppm Sn(II), 500 ppm F, pH 4.5). Group 4 (DW, Negative Control) received daily application of deionised water. The treated blocks were subjected to a 14-day erosive challenge. Crystal characteristics, elemental composition, surface morphology, percentage of surface microhardness loss (%SMHL), surface loss, and total colour change (ΔE) of the blocks were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers' hardness testing, non-contact profilometry, and digital spectrophotometry, respectively. RESULTS XRD and EDS revealed precipitates of silver for SDF2 and SDF1 and tin for SNF. SEM showed prominent etched enamel pattern on DW than the other three groups. The%SMHL (%) of SDF2, SDF1, SNF, and DW were 26.6 ± 2.9, 33.6 ± 2.8, 38.9 ± 2.9, and 50.5 ± 2.8 (SDF2SDF1=SNF>DW, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Two weekly applications was more effective than a single application of SDF in preventing enamel erosion, though it caused more discolouration. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Topical application of 38 % SDF with two weekly applications protocol is effective in preventing enamel erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Liu Q, Chen YY, Hong DW, Lin JH, Wu XM, Yu H. Protecting primary teeth from dental erosion through bioactive glass. J Dent 2024; 147:105109. [PMID: 38849053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bioactive glass (BAG) in preventing dental erosion in primary teeth. METHODS Enamel and dentin specimens (2 × 2 × 2 mm) were obtained from extracted primary teeth, which were randomly divided into the following groups based on the pretreatments (n = 12): DW (deionized water), NaF (2 % sodium fluoride), 2BAG (2 % BAG), 4BAG (4 % BAG), 6BAG (6 % BAG), and 8BAG (8 % BAG). The specimens were immersed in the respective solutions for 2 min and subjected to in vitro erosive challenges (4 × 5 min/d) for 5 d. The erosive enamel loss (EEL), erosive dentin loss (EDL), and the thickness of the demineralized organic matrix (DOM) were measured using a contact profilometer. The surface microhardness (SMH) was measured, and the percentage of SMH loss (%SMHL) was calculated. The surface morphology and mineral composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. RESULTS After the erosive challenges, the EEL, EDL, and%SMHL of the 2BAG, 4BAG, 6BAG, and 8BAG groups significantly reduced, with the greatest reduction was observed in the 6BAG (EEL: 6.5 ± 0.2 μm;%SMHL in enamel: 12.8 ± 2.6; EDL: 7.9 ± 0.3 μm; %SMHL in dentin: 22.1 ± 2.7) and 8BAG groups (EEL: 6.4 ± 0.4 μm;%SMHL in enamel: 11.0 ± 1.9; EDL: 7.8 ± 0.5 μm; %SMHL in dentin: 22.0 ± 2.5) (P < 0.05). With increasing BAG concentrations, the number of surface deposits containing Ca, P, and Si increased. CONCLUSIONS 6BAG was the most effective for preventing dental erosion in primary teeth and showed a particularly strong potential for dentin erosion prevention. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Bioactive glass, especially at a 6 % concentration, has proven effective in reducing erosive tooth wear and surface microhardness loss while also protecting demineralized organic matrix in primary dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deng-Wei Hong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Hui Lin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Applied Prosthodontics Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan.
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Sobhy SM, Abdelfatah H, Elgamily HM, Mohammed NY. Effect of herbal irrigants on surface roughness of intraradicular dentin using quantitative method of 3D surface texture analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15439. [PMID: 38965301 PMCID: PMC11224368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Replacing the conventional endodontic irrigants with herbal agents could avoid complications associated with using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Endodontic irrigants alter the surface roughness of the dentinal wall surface, which affects sealer mechanical retention. This study aimed to assess the effect of experimental herbal Moringa oleifera and orange peel extract irrigant on intraradicular dentin (IRD) surface roughness using quantitative 3D surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) regarding the smear layer assessment. Sixty human root sections were divided into four groups (n = 15): NaOCl combined with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); negative control (saline); moringa extract (MO); and orange oil (OO). SEM images were assessed quantitatively for surface roughness (Ra) in the coronal, middle, and apical IRD. The data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman, and Dunn's tests. All groups showed statistically significant differences (P = 0.007). MO exhibited significantly greater Ra values at the coronal, middle, and apical root levels than OO (P = 0.007, 0.009, and 0.046, respectively). There was no significant change in Ra values at various root levels within each group at P = 0.091, 0.819, 0.819, and 0.549 for the EDTA, saline, MO, and OO groups. Considerable (IRD) surface roughness analysis makes Moringa extract a promising herbal endodontic irrigant alternative to the NaOCl plus EDTA regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah M Sobhy
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Abdelfatah
- Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M Elgamily
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institutes, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt.
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Billa AL, Sukhabogi JR, Doshi D, Sharma P, Subrahmanyam T, Jummala S. Influence of bottled salad dressings on the development of enamel erosion in the presence or absence of salivary pellicle - An in vitro study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:465-470. [PMID: 38946919 PMCID: PMC11214305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acidic beverages are believed to elevate the risk of enamel surface erosion. In addition to the intake of soft drinks, the increased consumption of salad dressings has been linked to a higher prevalence of dental erosion. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the influence of bottled salad dressings on the development of enamel erosion in the presence or absence of pellicle through in vitro experiment. Methods Preliminary pH and calcium analyses of solutions were performed. Highest pH and calcium content was found for sandwich spread i.e., 4.69 and 55.4 mg/100 g grams, respectively. Eighty tooth specimens (measuring 4 × 4 × 3 mm) were prepared from extracted human premolars and randomly assigned to four groups (group 1: orange juice; group 2: eggless plain mayonnaise; group 3: sandwich spread; and group 4: thousand island dressing) with 20 samples in each group. Ten tooth specimens from each group were immersed in 20 ml of the respective solutions for 5 min (control group). The remaining ten tooth specimens from each group were submerged in 5 mL saliva vials for 3 min to facilitate salivary pellicle formation before being immersed in their respective solutions for 5 min (saliva-covered group). Pre and post-experimental assessments of enamel roughness and hardness were conducted using a surface roughness tester and Knoop Hardness indenter, respectively. Results Overall, enamel roughness was notably elevated in the control group, with the eggless plain mayonnaise (0.52 ± 0.38) and thousand island dressing groups (0.57 ± 0.29) showing a significant increase in surface roughness post-test (p = 0.05). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in the enamel roughness between the groups. On the other hand, regardless of the presence/absence of the salivary pellicle, a marked decrease in enamel hardness was observed among all groups except for group 3 (sandwich spread) with a mean score of 311.5 ± 82.6 (p < 0.05). Conclusion A significant increase in surface roughness and reduction in enamel hardness was observed with salad dressings. However, in vitro formed salivary pellicle showed a protective effect against tooth erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Lakshmi Billa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jagadeeswara Rao Sukhabogi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dolar Doshi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prashant Sharma
- Department of Chemical Laboratory, National Mineral Development Corporation R & D Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - T.V.S. Subrahmanyam
- Department of Bulk Flow Laboratory, National Mineral Development Corporation R & D Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sasikala Jummala
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Chen X, Inoue G, Fan L, Sekizawa O, Nitta K, Ikeda M, Shimada Y. Enhancement of mineral density and mechanical properties in root caries treated with silver diammine fluoride and glass ionomer cement, with emphasis on silver ion distribution. J Dent 2024; 146:105041. [PMID: 38762076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to measure the distribution of silver ion (Ag+), mineral recovery, and nanohardness in carious lesions and comprehensively evaluate the degree of dentin restoration. METHODS Sixty human teeth with root caries were randomly assigned to the control, silver diammine fluoride (SDF) [Safo], and SDF+Glass ionomer cement (GIC) treatment [Safo+Fuji] groups. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed at five time points for each sample before/after treatment to evaluate mineral density within and around carious lesions. Three months following treatment, 12 samples were selected for synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis to evaluate Ag+ distribution, while 15 samples were selected for nanoindentation. Data were analyzed using Dunnett's T3 test for micro-CT and Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction (p = 0.017) for nanoindentation. The correlation between hardness and mineral change was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS The Safo and Safo+Fuji groups showed significantly higher mineral recovery rates than did the control group (p < 0.001). In the Safo group, Ag+ accumulated in the deeper layers rather than the superficial layer of caries. In the Safo+Fuji group, Ag+ was found evenly distributed throughout caries, with only a few Ag+ detected in the GIC layer. Hardness in the Safo+Fuji group was significantly higher compared with the Safo group at depths in the range of 10-50 µm. CONCLUSION In the presence of GICs, SDF exhibited high remineralization capacity when diffusing throughout carious lesions over time. Combined treatment with SDF and GIC could strengthen root dentin even in the presence of caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE We found that combination treatment with SDF and GIC could increase mineral density in caries and improve the hardness of the tooth structure compared with fluoride-based agents alone. These findings might pave the way for future clinical trials to determine the therapeutic potential of nanotechnology-based restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Chen
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Go Inoue
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Oki Sekizawa
- Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Nitta
- Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Department of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Francese MM, Urasaki BAN, de Barros MC, Ferrari CR, Grizzo LT, Magalhães AC. Toothpaste containing TiF 4 and chitosan against erosive tooth wear in situ. J Dent 2024; 145:104977. [PMID: 38582434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the protective effect of an experimental TiF4/Chitosan toothpaste with a commercial toothpaste on the prevention of erosive tooth wear (ETW) in situ. METHODS Fifteen subjects took part in this crossover and double-blind study, in which they wore a palatal appliance containing 4 bovine enamel and 4 dentin in 3 phases (5 days each). Half of the samples were subjected to erosive challenges (90 s in 0.1 % citric acid, pH 2.5, 4 times/day), and the other half to erosive plus abrasive challenges (15 s plus 45 s of contact, 2 times/day). The phases corresponded to the application of the different toothpastes: 1) TiF4 (1400 ppm F-) plus Chitosan, 2) Elmex®, Erosion Protection (1400 ppm F-, Chitosan), and 3) Placebo (negative control). Tooth wear was measured using contact profilometry (μm) and submitted to two-way RM ANOVA/Tukey test (p < 0.05). RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the experimental and commercial toothpastes, regardless of the challenge on both tissues. Both significantly reduce ETW compared to negative control (p < 0.0006). Tooth wear was increased by brushing only on eroded enamel (p < 0.01), but not on dentin (p = 0.6085). TiF4/Chitosan [erosion 2.98 ± 1.12 μm vs. erosion and abrasion 3.12 ± 1.33 μm] and Elmex® toothpastes [erosion 2.35 ± 0.93 μm vs. erosion and abrasion 2.98 ± 1.0 μm] minimized the impact of brushing compared to placebo on enamel [erosion 4.62 ± 1.48 μm vs. erosion and abrasion 5.15 ± 1.50 μm]. CONCLUSIONS TiF4 plus chitosan toothpastes showed to be effective in minimizing the ETW as the commercial toothpaste is in situ. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The experimental toothpaste has similar effect against ETW compared to the commercial toothpaste. Considering the increased ETW prevalence worldwide, this result supports clinical trials and a possible application of this experimental anti-erosive toothpaste in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Malta Francese
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Carvalho de Barros
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ruis Ferrari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Tercilia Grizzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Nagata ME, Delbem ACB, Báez-Quintero LC, Hosida TY, Silva AMD, Sampaio C, Pessan JP. In vitro effect of fluoride gels supplemented with nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate on enamel erosive wear. J Dent 2024; 145:105013. [PMID: 38648875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the protective effect of fluoride (F) gels supplemented with micrometric or nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMPmicro and TMPnano, respectively) against enamel erosion in vitro. METHODS Bovine enamel blocks (n = 140) were selected according to their surface hardness, and randomly divided into seven groups (n = 20/group), according to the gels tested: Placebo (without F/TMP), 4,500 μg F/g (4500F), 9,000 μg F/g (9000F), 4500F plus 2.5 % TMPnano (2.5 % Nano), 4500F plus 5 % TMPnano (5 % Nano), 4500F plus 5 % TMPnano (Micro 5 %) and 12,300 μg F/g (Acid gel). Blocks were treated once during one minute with the gels, and submitted to erosive (ERO, n = 10/group) or erosive plus abrasive (ERO+ABR, n = 10/group) challenges 4 times/day, for 90 s for each challenge (under reciprocating agitation), during consecutive 5 days. Blocks were analyzed by profilometry, and by surface (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (∆KHN). Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA, and Fisher's LSD test (p < 0.05). RESULTS For ERO, both TMPnano-containing gels promoted enamel wear significantly lower than Placebo and 4500F, reaching levels similar to both positive controls (9000F and acid gel); significantly lower softening was observed for enamel treated with 4500F+5 % Micro and 4500F+2.5 % Nano. Also, the lowest ∆KHN values were observed for 4500F+2.5 % TMPnano among the TMP-containing gels. For ERO+ABR, the lowest enamel wear was achieved by the use of 4500F+5 % Nano among all gels, including both positive controls; lower softening was observed for Placebo and 9000F groups. CONCLUSION The addition of 5 % nano-sized TMP to a low-fluoride gel produced superior protective effects for enamel under both challenges conditions, when compared with micrometric TMP, reaching values similar to or superior than both positive controls, respectively for ERO and ERO+ABR. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The supplementation of low-F gels with TMP was shown to significantly improve their effects on enamel erosive wear, and the use of nano-sized TMP further enhances this protective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Emi Nagata
- Department of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Children, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Liliana Carolina Báez-Quintero
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Thayse Yumi Hosida
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Monise Dias Silva
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Sampaio
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Pelim Pessan
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Turaga SS, Sukhabogi JR, Doshi D, Jummala S, Billa AL. Comparing the effect of animal and plant-based yogurt extracts on enamel demineralization: an in vitro study. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2024; 73:161-168. [PMID: 37381740 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.23.04804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yogurt, due to its rich casein phosphopeptide (CPP) content could promote remineralization of enamel. Contrary to the age-old usage of animal milk based yogurt, vegan dairy products are gaining momentum due to multiple reasons. Considering this change, the aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro effect of animal and plant-based yogurt extracts on demineralization of enamel. METHODS Enamel windows were prepared on the crowns of sixty premolar teeth using nail paint. Teeth were divided into four groups of fifteen each and were treated with distilled water, demineralizing agent, solution with a mixture of demineralizing agent and yogurt supernatants, respectively for 96 hrs. Quantitative analysis was done using EDXRF (baseline and postexperimental calcium and phosphorus content). Additionally, confocal microscopic analysis was performed to assess the extent of demineralization. RESULTS The animal-based yogurt (Group III) had the highest post experimental calcium value (mean±SD=81.15±5.02) and positive percentage of change in calcium level (15%; P=0.007) among the groups. This was followed by plant-based yogurt (Group IV) (mean calcium= 76.18±5.12; positive percentage change =8.11%; P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Animal based yogurt could provide higher protection against enamel demineralization when compared to plant-based yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai S Turaga
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India -
| | | | - Dolar Doshi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sasikala Jummala
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aishwarya L Billa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
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Chawhuaveang DD, Mei ML, Chu CH, Yu OY. Preventive dental erosion with silver diamine fluoride: An in vitro study. J Dent 2024; 145:105022. [PMID: 38670330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the erosion preventive effect of 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution in enamel and dentin of human permanent teeth. METHODS Ninety enamel and ninety dentin blocks were prepared from permanent molars and allocated into three groups. Gp-SDF received a one-off application of 38 % SDF solution. Gp-SNF received a one-off application of a solution containing 800 ppm stannous chloride and 500 ppm fluoride. Gp-DW received a one-off application of deionized water. The blocks were submitted to acid challenge at pH 3.2, 2 min, 5 times/day for 7 days. All blocks were immersed in human saliva between cycles for one hour. The crystal characteristics, percentage of surface microhardness loss (%SMHL), surface loss, and elemental analysis and surface morphology were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness test, non-contact profilometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Data of%SMHL and surface loss were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS XRD spectra revealed that fluorapatite and silver compounds formed in Gp-SDF, while fluorapatite and stannous compounds formed in Gp-SNF. Gp-DW presented only hydroxyapatite. The median (interquartile range) of%SMHL in Gp-SDF, Gp-SNF and Gp-DW were 27.86(3.66), 43.41(2.45), and 46.40(3.54) in enamel (p< 0.001), and 14.21(1.57), 27.99(1.95), and 33.18(1.73) in dentin, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean (standard deviation, μm) of surface loss of Gp-SDF, Gp-SNF, and Gp-DW were 2.81(0.59), 4.28(0.67), and 4.63(0.64) in enamel (p < 0.001) and 4.13(0.69), 6.04(0.61), and 7.72(0.66) in dentin, respectively (p < 0.001). SEM images exhibited less enamel corruption and more dentinal tubular occlusion in Gp-SDF compared to Gp-SNF and Gp-DW. EDS analysis showed silver was detected in Gp-SDF while stannous was detected in the dentin block of Gp-SNF. CONCLUSION 38 % SDF yielded superior results in protecting enamel and dentin blocks from dental erosion compared to SNF and DW. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Topical application of 38 % SDF is effective in preventing dental erosion in human enamel and dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Dhananthat Chawhuaveang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China.
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11
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Fathy SM, Abdelhafez A, Darwesh FA, Elkhooly TA. Evaluation of incipient enamel-carious-like lesion treated with hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocomposite hydrogel. J World Fed Orthod 2024:S2212-4438(24)00030-4. [PMID: 38762443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive restoration of tooth enamel is a topic of high relevance in dental material science. Multiple approaches have been proposed to reach optimum reconstruction results. The current study was performed to evaluate the cross-sectional microhardness besides mineral quality and content in artificially induced carious enamel after treatment with hydroxyapatite-chitosan (HAp-CS) nanocomposite gel. METHODS Artificially carious lesions were induced by immersion of teeth in acidic carboxymethyl cellulose gel (pH 4.95-5) for 24- and 72-hours periods. Two different compositions of HAp-CS nanocomposite hydrogel were prepared with two different ratios 50/50 (%) and 70/30 (%), respectively. Additionally, sodium fluoride gel (1000 ppm concentration) was prepared and used as reference. Gels were applied to carious lesions twice/day for 3 min/each. After 45 days of application, surface morphology, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, micro-Raman analysis in addition to cross-sectional microhardness were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc statistical tests. RESULTS Surface morphological evaluation of treated surfaces showed obliteration of surface irregularities. Groups demineralized for 24 hours and treated with 70/30 (HAp-CS) showed highest significant cross-sectional-microhardness (P ≤ 0.05). Evaluated subsurface cross-sectional microhardness showed better mineral quality for groups demineralized for 24 hours and treated with HAp-CS nanocomposite gels. CONCLUSIONS Nanocomposite gel with 70/30 (HAp-CS) could efficiently improve cross-sectional microhardness and both minerals composition and quality for lesions demineralized for 24 hours. More severely induced lesions, as demineralized for 72 hours, need more powerful agent compositions and/or prolonged application protocols for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M Fathy
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alsayed Abdelhafez
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fawzy A Darwesh
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Elkhooly
- Refractories, Ceramics, and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt; Nanomedicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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12
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Kruse AB, Fortmeier S, Vach K, Hellwig E, Ratka-Krüger P, Schlueter N. Impact of air-polishing using erythritol on surface roughness and substance loss in dental hard tissue: An ex vivo study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0286672. [PMID: 38408064 PMCID: PMC10896509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This ex vivo study aimed to investigate surface roughness and substance loss after treatment with different professional cleaning methods and to determine whether subsequent polishing with a rubber cup and polishing paste is necessary. Samples (flat and natural surfaces) of human enamel and dentin were prepared (baseline) and treated with either a curette, air-polishing with erythritol, a rubber cup and polishing paste, or a combination thereof (treatment). Subsequently, all samples were immersed in an ultrasonic bath (ultrasonic) to remove residues from the treatment procedures. The surface roughness values sRa and sRz as well as tissue loss were measured profilometrically. Linear regression models were used to compare group differences (roughness and loss) considering the corresponding baseline value. The significance level was set at p<0.05. sRa increased significantly after treatment with curettes or air-polishing with erythritol in both enamel (p<0.001) and dentin (p<0.001) of flat samples. The same effect was observed for sRz in dentin (p<0.001) but not for enamel compared to negative control. Polishing with a rubber cup and paste alone had no significant effect on roughness values. When combined with other treatments, the effect of curette or air-polishing with erythritol dominated the effect. In enamel, none of the tested methods led to measurable tissue loss. In dentin, air-polishing with erythritol caused ≤50% tissue loss compared to the curette. Conclusively, for enamel, treatment effects on roughness were measurable but of limited clinical relevance. For dentin, air-polishing resulted in a smaller but insignificant roughness increase and less tissue loss compared to the curette. Polishing with a rubber cup and paste did not affect surface roughness. Regarding the clinical application, the use of air-polishing seems to be a less invasive procedure than using a curette; polishing with rubber cup and paste offers no advantage in terms of reducing roughness as a final procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B. Kruse
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Fortmeier
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elmar Hellwig
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Petra Ratka-Krüger
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover, Germany
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13
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Chen JM, Cheng YL, Yang MH, Su C, Yu H. Enhancing the inhibition of dental erosion and abrasion with quercetin-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposites. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1343329. [PMID: 38405377 PMCID: PMC10885352 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1343329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dental erosion and abrasion pose significant clinical challenges, often leading to exposed dentinal tubules and dentine demineralization. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of quercetin-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposites (Q@HMSNs) on the prevention of dentine erosion and abrasion. Method: Q@HMSNs were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their biocompatibility. A total of 130 dentine specimens (2 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm) were prepared and randomly distributed into 5 treatment groups (n = 26): DW (deionized water, negative control), NaF (12.3 mg/mL sodium fluoride, positive control), Q (300 μg/mL quercetin), HMSN (5.0 mg/mL HMSNs), and Q@HMSN (5.0 mg/mL Q@HMSNs). All groups were submitted to in vitro erosive (4 cycles/d) and abrasive (2 cycles/d) challenges for 7 days. The specimens in the DW, NaF, and Q groups were immersed in the respective solutions for 2 min, while treatment was performed for 30 s in the HMSN and Q@HMSN groups. Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to additional daily erosion/abrasion cycles for another 7 days. The effects of the materials on dentinal tubule occlusion and demineralized organic matrix (DOM) preservation were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The penetration depth of rhodamine B fluorescein into the etched dentine was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The erosive dentine loss (EDL) and release of type I collagen telopeptide (ICTP) were measured. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results: Q@HMSNs were successfully synthesized and showed minimal toxicity to human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) and gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Q@HMSNs effectively occluded the dentinal tubules, resulting in a thicker DOM in the Q@HMSN group. The CLSM images showed more superficial penetration in the HMSN and Q@HMSN groups than in the quercetin, NaF, and DW groups. The Q@HMSN group exhibited a significantly lower EDL and reduced ICTP levels compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Q@HMSNs hold promise for inhibiting dentine erosion and abrasion by promoting tubule occlusion and DOM preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Min Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ling Cheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Hui Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinic for Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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14
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Al-Seelawi Z, Hermann NV, Peutzfeldt A, Baram S, Bakke M, Sonnesen L, Tsakanikou A, Rahiotis C, Benetti AR. Clinical and digital assessment of tooth wear. Sci Rep 2024; 14:592. [PMID: 38182632 PMCID: PMC10770026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the assessment of tooth wear performed on digital models with the one conducted at the clinical examination. Seventy-eight volunteers (29 males and 49 females, age range 20-30 years) with at least 24 teeth, normal oral function, and a neutral transverse relationship were examined. During the clinical examination, dental wear was registered according to the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. Subsequently, the BEWE index was blindly applied by two examiners on digital models obtained from the volunteers. Data were analyzed using weighted Cohen's kappa coefficient and correlation tests with a confidence interval of 95%. All volunteers showed signs of tooth wear. Anterior teeth showed increased severity of tooth wear than first molars. Early loss of tooth substance could be identified on the digital models, including in areas with challenging direct intraoral visual access. Approximately 50% of the scores based on clinical examination agreed with those based on examination of digital models (k = 0.543, p < 0.01). A moderate, positive correlation was observed between scores registered clinically and on digital models (Spearman's rho = 0.560, p < 0.001). Considering the rather low agreement between the clinical and digital scores, alternatives to using BEWE on digital models are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Al-Seelawi
- Section of Dental Materials, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nuno V Hermann
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Peutzfeldt
- Section of Dental Materials, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Baram
- Section of Clinical Oral Physiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Bakke
- Section of Clinical Oral Physiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liselotte Sonnesen
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angeliki Tsakanikou
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Rahiotis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ana R Benetti
- Section of Dental Materials, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Jablonski-Momeni A, Hanselmann F, Bottenberg P, Korbmacher-Steiner H. Detection of Erosive Changes on Smooth Surfaces with and without Orthodontic Brackets Using an Intraoral Scanner-An In Vitro Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3232. [PMID: 37892052 PMCID: PMC10606051 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13203232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of acidic beverages favours development of erosions. Modern diagnostic methods are required to detect erosions at an early stage. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of an intraoral scanner (IOS) for detection of erosive changes on smooth surfaces adjacent to orthodontic brackets. METHODS Orthodontic metal brackets were attached to the buccal surfaces of 58 extracted permanent human teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into groups: A = 6% citric acid, B = Coca-Cola, C = Redbull, D = Powerade, E = Control, no acid exposure. Teeth were exposed to acid in three erosion cycles, followed by rinsing and brushing. Scans of teeth were performed at baseline and after each erosion cycle and enamel loss was measured. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) measurements were performed as reference standard. RESULTS Significant substance loss was measured in all acid groups after the second and third erosion cycle (p < 0.0001). Correlation between scans and QLF were significant (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS With IOS, it was possible to detect and quantify enamel erosion at smooth surfaces with and without orthodontic brackets after a short exposure time. Considering the limitations of in vitro results, the use of IOS can be a promising digital tool to detect and monitor erosive enamel changes during fixed orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Jablonski-Momeni
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Franka Hanselmann
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bottenberg
- Department of Oral Health Care, Free University of Brussels (ULB-VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heike Korbmacher-Steiner
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
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16
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Jadeja SP, LeBlanc A, O'Toole S, Austin RS, Bartlett D. The subsurface lesion in erosive tooth wear. J Dent 2023; 136:104652. [PMID: 37544352 PMCID: PMC10837081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the surface change on natural and polished enamel exposed to a joint mechanical and chemical wear regimen. METHODS Human enamel samples were randomly assigned to natural (n = 30) or polished (n = 30) groups, subjected to erosion (n = 10, 0.3% citric acid, 5 min), abrasion (n = 10, 30 s), or a combination (n = 10). Wear in the form of step height was measured with a non-contact profilometer, and surface changes were inspected with SEM on selected sections. Data was normalised and underwent repeated measures MANOVA, accounting for substrate and erosive challenge as independent variables, with Bonferroni correction for significant post hoc interactions. RESULTS After four cycles, polished samples had mean step heights of 3.08 (0.40) μm after erosion and 4.08 (0.37) μm after erosion/abrasion. For natural samples, these measurements were 1.52 (0.22) μm and 3.62 (0.39) μm, respectively. Natural surfaces displayed less wear than polished surfaces under erosion-only conditions (p<0.0001), but the difference disappeared with added abrasion. SEM revealed a shallow subsurface layer for polished surfaces and natural ones undergoing only erosion. However, natural surfaces exposed to both erosion and abrasion showed deeper subsurface changes up to 50 µm. CONCLUSION Natural enamel, when exposed to erosion alone, showed less wear and minimal subsurface alterations. But with added abrasion, natural enamel surfaces saw increased wear and notable subsurface changes compared to polished ones. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The pronounced subsurface lesions observed on eroded/abraded natural enamel surfaces highlight how combined wear challenges may accelerate tooth tissue loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Jadeja
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - A LeBlanc
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - S O'Toole
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - R S Austin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - D Bartlett
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
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17
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Moda MD, Dos Santos PH, Pini NIP, Furini LN, Briso ALF, Assmann A, Fagundes TC. Effects of Different Toothpastes on the Nanomechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restorations. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:173. [PMID: 37504240 PMCID: PMC10378367 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluates the effects of different toothpastes on the nanohardness and chemical compositions of restorative materials and dental surfaces. METHODS Bovine enamel (n = 72) and dentin (n = 72) blocks were obtained and restored using RMGIC (n = 36) or CR (n = 36) to create the following surfaces: dentin adjacent to RMGIC (DRMGIC), enamel adjacent to RMGIC (ERMGIC), dentin adjacent to CR (DCR), and enamel adjacent to CR (ECR). After restoration, one hemiface of each specimen was coated with an acid-resistant varnish to facilitate the creation of control (C) and eroded (E) sides; the latter were achieved by erosion-abrasion cycles as follows: erosion with 1% citric acid: 5 days, four times for 2 min each day; 1% citric acid/abrasion, two times for 15 s, followed by immersion in a toothpaste slurry for 2 min. Toothpastes without fluoride (WF; n = 12), with sodium fluoride (NaF; n = 12), and with stannous fluoride (SnF2; n = 12) were used for RMGIC or CR. The specimens were analyzed for nanohardness (H), and chemical composition using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Lower H values were obtained with NaF for DRMGIC-C, with a statistically significant difference from the H value obtained with WF (p < 0.05). The calcium and phosphorus concentrations in DCR-E were significantly lower with WF than with the other types of toothpaste (p < 0.05). Fluoride-containing toothpastes are capable of preserving the main chemical components of the dentin adjacent to the restorative materials under erosive-abrasive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Dias Moda
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute-Restorative Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Nubia Inocencya Pavesi Pini
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Negri Furini
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - André Assmann
- Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Palotina 85950-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Cestari Fagundes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
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18
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Baumann T, Niemeyer SH, Buzalaf MAR, Carvalho TS. Protease-inhibitors added to saliva in vitro influence the erosion protective effect of enamel pellicles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8618. [PMID: 37244955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to pellicles formed in vivo, pellicles formed in vitro provide little to no erosion protection for enamel, possibly due to protein degradation from proteases during pellicle formation. With the objective to achieve a more similar effect as observed for in vivo pellicles, the effects of adding protease inhibitors (PI) to saliva in vitro, and/or exchanging saliva repeatedly during pellicle formation were investigated in a cyclic model of pellicle formation and erosion with human enamel specimens. We repeatedly assessed surface microhardness (SMH), measured initial and final surface reflection intensity (SRI), and determined calcium released during erosion. For all the parameters tested, we observed a clear positive effect on erosion protection when adding PI to saliva for pellicle formation: SMH remained harder, SRI remained higher, and less calcium was released. Additionally, exchanging saliva with fresh one during pellicle formation led to a protective effect, but not as strong as the addition of PI. We conclude that adding protease inhibitors to saliva in vitro for pellicle formation leads to an erosion protective effect, which was further increased by repeatedly exchanging the saliva. Whether the pellicle itself more closely resembles in vivo pellicles remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Baumann
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Samira Helena Niemeyer
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Jadeja SP, Austin RS, Bartlett DW. Use of polyvinyl siloxane impressions to monitor sub-5-μm erosive tooth wear on unpolished enamel. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00276-7. [PMID: 37244794 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Whether polyvinyl siloxane impressions are capable of reproducing 5-μm changes on natural freeform enamel and potentially enabling clinical measurements of early surface changes consistent with wear of teeth or materials is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate and compare polyvinyl siloxane replicas with direct measurements of sub-5-μm lesions on unpolished human enamel lesions by using profilometry, superimposition, and a surface subtraction software program. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty ethically approved unpolished human enamel specimens were randomized to a previously reported cyclic erosion (n=10) and erosion and abrasion (n=10) model to create discrete sub-5-μm lesions on the surface. Low viscosity polyvinyl siloxane impressions were made of each specimen before and after each cycle and scanned by using noncontacting laser profilometry and viewed with a digital microscopy and compared with direct scanning of the enamel surface. The digital maps were then interrogated with surface- registration and subtraction workflows to extrapolate enamel loss from the unpolished surfaces by using step-height and digital surface microscopy to measure roughness. RESULTS Direct measurement revealed chemical loss of enamel at 3.4 ±0.43 μm, and the polyvinyl siloxane replicas were 3.20 ±0.42 μm, respectively. For chemical and mechanical loss direct measurement was 6.12 ±1.05 μm and 5.79 ±1.06 μm for the polyvinyl siloxane replica (P=.211). The overall accuracy between direct and polyvinyl siloxane replica measurements was 0.13 +0.57 and -0.31 μm for erosion and 0.12 +0.99 and -0.75 μm for erosion and abrasion. Surface roughness and visualization with digital microscopy provided confirmatory data. CONCLUSIONS Polyvinyl siloxane replica impressions from unpolished human enamel were accurate and precise at the sub-5-μm level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar P Jadeja
- PhD student, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London, England
| | - Rupert S Austin
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London, England
| | - David W Bartlett
- Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London, England.
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20
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de Abreu NMR, Bernardes P, de Sousa FB, Raposo LHA, da Silva Neto JP. Influence of carbonated acid beverage on fracture resistance and marginal gap formation in different restorative approaches to non-carious cervical lesions. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2245-2253. [PMID: 37010638 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is to evaluate fracture resistance, failure mode, and gap formation at the restorative interface of unrestored or restored non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) submitted to a short-term erosive environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Artificial NCCLs were produced in vitro in bovine incisors, and were randomly divided into four restorative resins groups (n = 22): nanohybrid-NR; bulk-fill-BR; flow with a nanohybrid layer-FNR; bulk-fill with a nanohybrid layer-BNR; and a group unrestored-UR (n = 16). Half of the specimens were submitted to an erosive challenge (per 5 min, 3 × a day for 7 days, before and after restoration), and the other half, was immersed in artificial saliva. After, all teeth undergone thermal (5 ºC, 37 ºC, and 55 ºC, 3600 cycles) and mechanical (50 N, 2 Hz, 300,000 cycles) aging. Eighty teeth were subjected to compressive loading, and resistance and failures were analyzed, while 24 teeth were evaluated for gaps by microcomputed tomography. Statistical tests were performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS The restorative approaches affected fracture resistance (η2p = 0.14, p = 0.023), and gap formation (η2 = 0.18, p = 0.012) and so did the immersion medium (fracture η2p = 0.09, p = 0.008; gap η2 = 0.09, p = 0.017). BNR showed the highest resistance, while UR the lowest. FNR showed the highest gaps in both immersion media. Neither the resin groups nor the immersion media were associated with failure mode. CONCLUSIONS The erosive immersion medium based in acid beverages has been shown to affect NCCLs with or without restoration, but when Bulk-Fill resin is covered by nanohybrid resin, the performance is good. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Erosion negatively affects restorations, but unrestored NCCL shows worse biomechanical performance in stress-bearing situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Murielly Rolim de Abreu
- Biological and Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - Paola Bernardes
- School of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Henrique Araújo Raposo
- Occlusion, Fixed Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - João Paulo da Silva Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351-Universitário, PB 58429-500, Campina Grande, Brazil.
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21
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Araujo LCD, Amorim AA, Vivanco RG, Arruda CNFD, Bikker FJ, Pires-de-Souza FDCP. The effect of Phytosphingosine and bioactive glass-ceramics in preventing dental enamel erosion. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:88-96. [PMID: 37194859 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202304904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of phytosphingosine (PHS) and bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate) on dental enamel in terms of color alteration (ΔE), microhardness, and surface roughness when submitted to erosive challenge (EC). Sixty specimens of bovine teeth (6×6×2mm) were obtained. Initial color (Easyshade, VITA), KHN (HMV-2, Shimadzu), and Ra (SJ-201P, Mitutoyo) measurements were performed. Specimens were separated into groups according to treatments: PHS, 10% Biosilicate, PHS+10% Biosilicate, and artificial saliva (control) and submitted to EC with Coca-Cola for 2 min. This cycle was repeated 4 times daily/15 days. Between cycles, specimens remained in artificial saliva (2 h/37°C). After daily cycles, they were also stored in artificial saliva at 37ºC. Final color, microhardness, and surface roughness measurements were done. Color and KHN data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey's test; and Ra, by 2-way ANOVA, repeated measures, and Tukey's test (p<.05). The highest ΔE occurred in Saliva+EC (p<.05). Groups treated with PHS presented lower color change than Saliva+EC (p<.05). All the groups presented mean values above the 50:50% perceptibility (50:50%PT) and acceptability (50:50%AT) thresholds, except for control that showed mean value above 50:50%PT but below 50:50%AT. Biosilicate+EC showed higher relative microhardness than Saliva+EC (p<.05), but was similar to PHS+EC and PHS+Biosilicate+EC. Final enamel surface roughness increased for all the groups (p<.05), except for the control. The Biosilicate may prevent enamel mineral loss induced by erosion better than saliva. The PHS associated or not to Biosilicate demonstrated better color stability than saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Campos de Araujo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ayodele Alves Amorim
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rocio Geng Vivanco
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Noronha Ferraz de Arruda
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Floris J Bikker
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit and Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Kruzic JJ, Hoffman M, Arsecularatne JA. Fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105574. [PMID: 36473402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human tooth enamel must withstand the cyclic contact forces, wear, and corrosion processes involved with typical oral functions. Furthermore, unlike other human tissues, dental enamel does not have a significant capacity for healing or self-repair and thus the longevity of natural teeth in the oral environment depends to a large degree on the fatigue and wear properties of enamel. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our understanding of the fatigue and wear mechanisms of human enamel and how they relate to in vivo observations of tooth damage in the complex oral environment. A key finding of this review is that fatigue and wear processes are closely related. For example, the presence of abrasive wear particles significantly lowers the forces needed to initiate contact fatigue cracking while subsurface fatigue crack propagation drives key delamination wear mechanisms during attrition or attrition-corrosion of enamel. Furthermore, this review seeks to bring a materials science and mechanical engineering perspective to fatigue and wear phenomena. In this regard, we see developing a mechanistic description of fatigue and wear, and understanding the interconnectivity of the processes, as essential for successfully modelling enamel fatigue and wear damage and developing strategies and treatments to improve the longevity of our natural teeth. Furthermore, we anticipate that this review will stimulate ideas for extending the lifetime of the natural tooth structure and will help highlight where our understanding is too limited and where additional research into fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J Kruzic
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Mark Hoffman
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Arsecularatne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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23
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Mohamad Saberi FN, Sukumaran P, Ung NM, Liew YM. Assessment of demineralized tooth lesions using optical coherence tomography and other state-of-the-art technologies: a review. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:83. [PMID: 36463182 PMCID: PMC9719651 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-01055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth demineralization is one of the most common intraoral diseases, encompassing (1) caries caused by acid-producing bacteria and (2) erosion induced by acid of non-bacterial origin from intrinsic sources (e.g. stomach acid reflux) and extrinsic sources (e.g. carbonated drinks). Current clinical assessment based on visual-tactile examination and standardized scoring systems is insufficient for early detection. A combination of clinical examination and technology is therefore increasingly adapted. This paper reviews various procedures and technologies that have been invented to diagnose and assess the severity of tooth demineralization, with focus on optical coherence tomography (OCT). As a micron-resolution non-invasive 3D imaging modality, variants of OCT are now available, offering many advantages under different working principles for detailed analytical assessment of tooth demineralization. The roles, capabilities and impact of OCT against other state-of-the-art technologies in both clinical and research settings are described. (139 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Najwa Mohamad Saberi
- grid.10347.310000 0001 2308 5949Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Prema Sukumaran
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, England
| | - Ngie Min Ung
- grid.10347.310000 0001 2308 5949Clinical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yih Miin Liew
- grid.10347.310000 0001 2308 5949Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Xavier GMB, De Almeida AS, de Souza Bentes AG, Sano IS, Silva CM, Araújo JLN. Assessment of the Erosive Potential of Mineral Waters in Bovine Dental Enamel. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2208180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
High intake of acidic foods and beverages has been often associated with the onset of dental erosive wear.
Objetive:
This study in vitro assessed the pH of different mineral waters marketed in Brazil and their effects on the properties and surface of dental enamel.
Methods:
Forty-eight bovine incisor specimens were divided into four groups (n=12): CG-control group, PeG-Perrier, PrG-Prata, and SLG-São Lourenço. The immersion cycles were performed after analysis of the pH of the waters, for 5 days (5 minutes in mineral water and 60 minutes in artificial saliva). Knoop micro-hardness was assessed by means of three indentations with a load of 50kgf for 15 seconds, and surface roughness with a cut off of 0.25mm. The data were analysed using Student's t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey test, with a significance level of 5%.
Results:
The groups of waters with lower pH (Perrier® and São Lourenço®) exhibited a reduction in Knoop micro-hardness (p<0.0001) and an increase in surface roughness (p=0.04 and p=0.004, respectively). The Prata water group did not exhibit significant changes in Knoop micro-hardness (p=0.07) and surface roughness (p=0.26).
Conclusion:
Mineral waters with a pH below the critical value can lead to a reduction in surface hardness and roughness in the bovine enamel.
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25
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Arafa A, Filfilan SS, Fansa HA. Erosive effect of beverages on surface hardness and ultra-structure of deciduous teeth enamel. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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26
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Tooth Wear and Tribological Investigations in Dentistry. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:2861197. [PMID: 35721235 PMCID: PMC9203238 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2861197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental or tooth wear is a physiological process in the life cycle of teeth. Loss of the occlusal surface may cause excessive tooth wear. Several factors may contribute to tooth wear with different intensities and duration in the oral cavity. The oral cavity is generally compared to a tribological system to determine the various types of wear between teeth and restorative materials and assess the amount of dental wear. However, it is challenging to investigate in vitro and in vivo wear owing to the complexity of tooth wear; thus, a clear correlation between in vitro and in vivo data could not be established. This review is aimed at providing an insight into the etiology of tooth wear and tribological investigations in dentistry.
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27
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Hamdi K, Hamama HH, Motawea A, Fawzy A, Mahmoud SH. Remineralization of early enamel lesions with a novel prepared tricalcium silicate paste. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9926. [PMID: 35705597 PMCID: PMC9200717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13608-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the remineralization potential of prepared tricalcium silicate (TCS) paste compared to silver diamine fluoride-potassium iodide (SDF-KI) and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on artificial enamel lesions. Thirty permanent sound molars were collected for the study. After cleaning, root cutting, and applying acid-resistant nail varnish, leaving a 4 × 4 mm buccal window, the teeth were subjected to demineralization process. The teeth were divided into three treatment groups (n = 10). In each group, the teeth were sectioned buccolingually to obtain two halves (30 self-control and 30 experimental halves). The self-control halves were subjected to cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 50, 100, and 150 µm from the external enamel surface, and micromorphological analysis at the superficial enamel surface. The experimental halves were subjected to the same tests after 30 days of remineralization. Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) outcomes showed no significant difference in CSMH after treatment among the three different groups at the different levels (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, three-way ANOVA outcomes showed a significant difference in calcium/ phosphate ratio after treatment among the three different groups at the different levels. (p < 0.05). The tricalcium silicate paste used in this study showed potential remineralization in subsurface enamel lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Hamdi
- Operative Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hamdi H Hamama
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria St, Mansoura City, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Amira Motawea
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amr Fawzy
- UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Salah Hasab Mahmoud
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria St, Mansoura City, 35516, Egypt
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28
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Fernando JR, Walker GD, Park TKS, Shen P, Yuan Y, Reynolds C, Reynolds EC. Comparison of calcium-based technologies to remineralise enamel subsurface lesions using microradiography and microhardness. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9888. [PMID: 35701508 PMCID: PMC9197824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of enamel subsurface lesion remineralisation is essential for the evaluation of novel remineralisation technologies. The gold standard to assess subsurface mineral gain of enamel lesions is transverse microradiography (TMR). However, some studies have utilised surface microhardness (SMH) to evaluate efficacy of remineralisation agents. The aim of this study was to assess remineralisation of enamel subsurface lesions using TMR and SMH after in vitro treatment with calcium-containing technologies, and to test correlation between the TMR and SMH measurements. The parameters obtained from the TMR and SMH analyses of enamel subsurface remineralisation were not significantly correlated. Furthermore, the enamel subsurface remineralisation as measured by TMR was significantly correlated with the water-soluble calcium concentration of the remineralisation products. Scanning electron microscopy revealed surface precipitates formed by specific remineralisation treatments obfuscated accurate assessment of remineralisation by SMH. It was concluded that TMR is a more appropriate method for analysis of enamel subsurface remineralisation, and that SMH values of remineralised enamel should be interpreted with caution. Using TMR the level of remineralisation (%R) by the different technologies was CPP-ACP/F (31.3 ± 1.4%); CPP-ACP (24.2 ± 1.4%); CaSO4/K2HPO4/F (21.3 ± 1.4%); f-TCP/F (20.9 ± 1.0%); Nano-HA/F (16.3 ± 0.3%); Nano-HA (15.3 ± 0.6%) and F alone control (15.4 ± 1.3%).
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Fernando
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Glenn D Walker
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Kwan-Soo Park
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peiyan Shen
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yi Yuan
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Coralie Reynolds
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Fernández CE, Brandao ACS, Bícego-Pereira EC, Del Bel Cury AA, Cury JA, Tenuta LMA. Effect of pH and titratable acidity on enamel and dentine erosion. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5867-5873. [PMID: 35588021 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relative effect of pH and titratable acidity on tooth erosion remains unclear. We determined the effect of both properties on in vivo salivary pH recovery and on enamel and dentine early erosion in situ. METHODS Solutions simulating acidic beverages with different pHs (2.5 or 3.5) and titratable acidities (0, 25, or 100 mM citric acid) were tested. In an in vivo study (n = 20 participants), the salivary pH was determined before, during, and up to 2 min after exposure to the tested solutions. In situ, 12 participants exposed enamel and root dentine slabs to the tested solutions simulating a beverage consumption; early erosion was assessed by percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL). Groups were compared by ANOVA (p < 0.05). RESULTS Saliva pH was lower after exposure to solutions at pH 2.5, irrespective of titratable acidity; pH recovery took longer for solutions with higher titratable acidities, irrespective of their pHs. In situ, the highest %SHL was observed for the solution with lower pH and higher titratable acidities. The addition of citric acid increased the %SHL by 2.5-3 times in enamel, and at least 5 times in dentine. CONCLUSIONS Both pH and titratable acidity may play a role on the erosive potential of acidic beverages. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Acidic beverages with lower pHs promote erosion by an initial acid etching of the surface; those with a higher titratable acidity slow down the salivary pH recovery. Both properties contribute to the overall erosive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza E Fernández
- Cariology Unit, Department Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Jaime A Cury
- Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia M A Tenuta
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave. Room 5223, MI, 48109-1078, Ann Arbor, USA.
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30
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease and dental erosion: the role of bile acids. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 139:105429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Elashwah M, Elezz AFA, Safy RK. Correlation between Two Evaluation Methods for the Effect of Two Desensitizing Materials: An In Vitro Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: This study was conducted to assess the efficiency of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on dentin remineralization at two different application times.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two human dentin specimens of 1 mm thickness were prepared and randomly divided into two groups according to the treatment material (M) used: fluoride varnish with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) (M1) and Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) (M2). Following treatment, each group was subdivided into two subgroups (n = 8) based on the storage time in artificial saliva into: (S); subgroup (S1); storage for 15 days and subgroup (S2); storage for 30 days. Dentin permeability was measured for all specimens at baseline and after applying the treatment protocol. All specimens were photomicrographed using ESEM before and after the treatment protocol.
RESULTS: The highest permeability reduction percent mean value was recorded for M1S2 specimens (90% ± 20), with a statistically significant difference with other subgroups, followed by subgroup M2S2 (56% ± 8) and subgroup M1S1 (51% ± 11), respectively. Meanwhile, the subgroup M2S1 had the lowest mean value (36% ± 9). In addition, the dentin permeability test was confirmed by the ESEM results.
CONCLUSION: EMD could be used as a promising remineralizing agent for dentin remineralization.
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Differences in susceptibility of deciduous and permanent teeth to erosion exist, albeit depending on protocol design and method of assessment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4153. [PMID: 35264778 PMCID: PMC8907165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Controversial results showing that deciduous teeth are more susceptible to erosion than permanent teeth might be related to study designs. We investigated how different conditions (pH: 3.0, 4.0, 5.0; acid agitation: gentle or vigorous; acid exposure times: 1–5 min) affect the susceptibility of both teeth to erosion. Enamel specimens (90 deciduous, 90 permanent) were distributed into groups (n = 15 permanent, n = 15 deciduous) according to acid pH (pH 5, 4 or 3) and agitation (gentle or vigorous) during erosive challenge. Both milder (less incubation time, gentle agitation, and higher pH) and more severe (longer incubation times, vigorous shaking, and lower pH) conditions were used. Demineralization was measured by relative surface microhardness (rSMH) and calcium released to the acid. Demineralization increased gradually for both teeth with increasing incubation time, agitation (gentle or vigorous), and with decreasing acid pH. The differences between deciduous and permanent teeth depended on the protocol design and assessment method. Under milder conditions, demineralization was better detectable with rSMH. Under more severe conditions, differences were more perceptible with calcium analyses. Differences exist in the susceptibility to erosion between deciduous and permanent teeth, but they are only distinguishable when the appropriate assessment method is used for the specific erosive condition.
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33
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Taioqui Pelá V, Niemeyer SH, Baumann T, Levy FM, Henrique-Silva F, Lussi A, Carvalho TS, Buzalaf MAR. Acquired pellicle engineering using a combination of organic (sugarcane cystatin) and inorganic (sodium fluoride) components against dental erosion. Caries Res 2022; 56:138-145. [DOI: 10.1159/000522490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the combination of a sugarcane cystatin (CaneCPI-5) and sodium fluoride (NaF) in acquired pellicle engineering for the prevention of dental erosion in vitro. 75 human enamel specimens were prepared and divided into 5 treatment groups (n = 15/group): Deionized water (Control); Elmex™ (SnCl2/NaF/AmF); 0.1 mg/ml CaneCPI-5; 500 ppm NaF; and CaneCPI-5+NaF (Combination). The specimens were individually treated (200 μl; 2 min; 37 °C), then incubated in human saliva (200 μl; 1 h, at 37 °C) for acquired pellicle formation. Afterwards, the specimens were submitted to an erosive challenge (1% citric acid, pH 3.6, 10 ml, 2 min, 25 °C). This sequence was conducted 5 times. Percentage of surface microhardness change (%SMC), relative surface reflection intensity (rSRI) and calcium released to the citric acid (CR) were measured and analyzed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). In general, all the treatments (SnCl2/NaF/AmF, CaneCPI-5, NaF and Combination) significantly protected the enamel when compared the control group. Regarding %SMC and rSRI, the Combination was the most effective treatment, reducing the %SMC significantly (p<0.01) when compared to all the other treatments, although this difference was not significant in the CR analysis. All treatments demonstrated a protective effect on enamel against dental erosion; however the combination of CaneCPI-5 with NaF showed a greater protection.
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de Albuquerque ATQ, Bezerra BO, de Carvalho Leal I, de Moraes MDR, Melo MAS, Passos VF. Resin infiltrant protects deproteinized dentin against erosive and abrasive wear. Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e29. [PMID: 36090515 PMCID: PMC9436655 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the anti-erosive/abrasive effect of resin infiltration of previous deproteinized dentin. Materials and Methods Dentin slabs were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 15): Control (no deproteinization; no resin infiltrant applied), RI (no deproteinization; resin infiltrant applied), and DRI (deproteinization; resin infiltrant applied). After undergoing the assigned treatment, all slabs were subjected to an in vitro cycling model for 5 days. The specimens were immersed in citric acid (0.05 M, pH = 3.75; 60 seconds; 3 times/day) and brushed (150 strokes). Between the challenges, the specimens were exposed to a remineralizing solution (60 minutes). The morphological alterations were analyzed by mechanical profilometry (µm) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). Results Control and RI groups presented mineral wear and did not significantly differ from each other (p = 0.063). DRI maintained a protective layer preserving the dentin (p < 0.001). After erosive/abrasive cycles, it was observed that in group RI, only 25% of the slabs partially evidenced the presence of the infiltrating, while, in the DRI group, 80% of the slabs presented the treated surface entirely covered by a resin-component layer protecting the dentin surface as observed in SEM images. Conclusions The removal of the organic content allows the resin infiltrant to efficiently protect the dentin surface against erosive/abrasive lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Oliveira Bezerra
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Fortaleza University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Isabelly de Carvalho Leal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Mary Anne S. Melo
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanara Florêncio Passos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Devadiga D, Shetty P, Hegde MN. Characterization of dynamic process of carious and erosive demineralization - an overview. J Conserv Dent 2022; 25:454-462. [PMID: 36506627 PMCID: PMC9733543 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_161_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To review the analytical methods for carious and erosive demineralization an initial search of peer-reviewed scientific literature from the digital library database of PubMed/Medline indexed journals published up to early 2022 was carried out based on keywords relevant to the topic criteria including bibliographic citations from the papers to gather the most updated information. This current review aims to provide an updated overview of the advantages, limitations, and potential applications of direct and indirect research methods available for studying various dynamic stages of carious and erosive demineralization in enamel and dentin. This paper categorizes and describes the most suitable, frequently adopted and widely used quantitative and qualitative techniques in in vitro/in vivo research which are well-established, emerging, or comparatively novel techniques that are being explored for their potential validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Devadiga
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Prof. Darshana Devadiga, Departments of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - Pushparaj Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mithra N. Hegde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Trentin GA, Mendes LT, Silva BSD, Casagrande L, Araujo FBD, Lenzi TL. Reduction in erosive tooth wear using stannous fluoride-containing dentifrices: a meta-analysis. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e114. [PMID: 34816902 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentifrices containing different active agents may be helpful to allow rehardening and to increase the resistance of the eroded surface to further acids or mechanical impacts. This study aimed to compare the effects of conventional (sodium fluoride [NaF]) and stannous fluoride (SnF2)-containing dentifrices on reducing erosive tooth wear (ETW). The PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, BBO, EMBASE, TRIP electronic databases, and grey literature were searched until January 2021 to retrieve relevant in vitro and in situ studies related to research question. There were no restrictions on publication year or language. Two authors independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. ETW data were pooled to calculate and compare both dentifrices (overall analysis) and in vitro and in situ studies separately (subgroup analysis). Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan5.3 with a random effects model. Of 820 potentially eligible studies, 101 were selected for full-text analysis, and 8 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant difference between SnF2-containing dentifrices and NaF dentifrices only for in vitro studies (p=0.04), showing a higher effect of the SnF2-containing dentifrices against the erosion/abrasion (effect size: -6.80 95%CI: -13.42; -0.19). Most in vitro and in situ studies had high and low risk of bias, respectively. In vitro literature suggests that the ETW reduction is greater when using SnF2-containing dentifrices instead NaF-containing dentifrices. However, the evidence level is insufficient for definitive conclusions. Clinical trials are necessary for a better understanding of the effect of these compounds on ETW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Aldigueri Trentin
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Teixeira Mendes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Soares da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Casagrande
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Borba de Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tathiane Larissa Lenzi
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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DE Moraes MDR, Passos VF, Padovani GC, Bezerra LCBDR, Vasconcelos IM, Santiago SL. Protective effect of green tea catechins on eroded human dentin: an in vitro/in situ study. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e108. [PMID: 34816896 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to evaluate the protective effect of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and commercial green tea (GT) on eroded dentin using in vitro and in situ experimental models. For the in vitro experiment, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were extracted from demineralized human coronary dentin powder (citric acid, pH 2.3) and assessed via a colorimetric assay and electrophoresis in gelatin. The gels were exposed to buffers with: control (no treatment), 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF), 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), GT infusion, and 0.1% EGCG, and their respective activity was analyzed by zymography. For the in situ experiment, 20 healthy volunteers (aged 20-32 years) participated in this single-center, blind, crossover study. The subjects wore upper removable devices containing four human dentin blocks. Erosive challenge (coke-1 min) was performed four times/day/5 days. Blocks were treated for 1 min with: control (No treatment), 0.05% NaF, 0.1% EGCG, and GT. Thereafter, the specimens were subjected to stylus profilometry and SEM. ANOVA was used to evaluate dentin roughness and wear, with a significance level of 5%. In the zymography analysis, 0.12% CHX, GT, and 0.1% EGCG were found to inhibit the action of MMPs; however, in the colorimetric assay, only green tea inhibited the activity of MMPs. There were no significant differences observed in dentin roughness or wear (p > 0.05). Herein, EGCG and GT inhibited the activity of endogenous proteases, resulting in protection against erosion-induced dentin damage; however, they could not prevent tooth tissue loss in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanara Florêncio Passos
- Universidade Federal do Ceara - UFC, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sérgio Lima Santiago
- Universidade Federal do Ceara - UFC, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Habashi W, Bader-Farraj A, Shpack N, Beitlitum I, May H, Sarig R. Three-Dimensional Surface Texture Analysis of Fluoride's Effect on Enamel Erosion. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194528. [PMID: 34640545 PMCID: PMC8509756 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel erosion has become a common clinical finding that often impairs dental esthetics and function. In the current study, we aimed to implement the three-dimensional surface texture analysis (3DST) method to explore the protective effect of fluoride on surface texture prior to erosive conditions. For each of the 50 teeth used in this study, the polished buccal enamel surface was divided into three separate areas: the first area was untouched polished enamel, the two other surfaces were immersed in 0.3% citric acid for 30 s. One was treated with high-concentration (19,000 ppm) sodium fluoride (NaF) solution prior to acid attack, and the other had no treatment prior to acid exposure. Enamel surface texture and step height measurements were obtained using a high-resolution disk scanning confocal microscope, and SEM images were also acquired. Surfaces treated with fluoride showed fewer variations in 3-D surface texture parameters than the eroded surface compared to the control group (p = 0.001). This was in accordance with the SEM descriptive images. The findings indicate that pre-fluoridated enamel areas were less affected by the acid and showed similar features to the untouched enamel. Moreover, a protective effect of the fluoride treatment against irreversible enamel damage was noted as the surface loss (step-height) was significantly reduced (p = 0.03). The study showed that 3DST analysis is a valuable methodology for detecting and quantifying subtle differences between the surfaces. When exploring the combination of all surface texture parameters, it was revealed that the pre-fluoridated eroded enamel surfaces showed considerable similarity to the untouched enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Habashi
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Amal Bader-Farraj
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Nir Shpack
- Department of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Ilan Beitlitum
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implants, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Hila May
- The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Rachel Sarig
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
- The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-640-6569
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Nyland BP, Pereira CP, Soares P, da Luz Weiss DS, Mikos WL, Brancher JA, Vieira S, Freire A. Enamel erosion control by strontium-containing TiO 2- and/or MgO-doped phosphate bioactive glass. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1915-1925. [PMID: 34505917 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of strontium-containing titanium- and/or magnesium-doped phosphate bioactive glass on the control of dental erosion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty fragments of human enamel were divided into five groups: negative control, 45S5 bioglass, strontium-containing Ti-doped phosphate bioactive glass (PBG-Ti), strontium-containing Mg-doped phosphate bioactive glass (PBG-Mg), and strontium-containing Ti- and Mg-doped phosphate bioactive glass (PBG-TiMg). The specimens underwent cycles of erosive challenge twice daily for 5 days with 1 mL of citric acid for 2 min followed by 1 mL of the suspension with bioactive substances for 3 min. After the cycles, profilometry, roughness and microhardness testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The following statistical tests were used: one-way ANOVA (profile, roughness, and surface microhardness (%VMS) data variation), Tukey's HSD (%VMS), Games-Howell test (profilometry), Student's t test (roughness), and Pearson's correlation between the variables. RESULTS The lower loss of enamel surface and lower %VMS was observed in the PBG-Mg and PBG-TiMg groups, and only the PBG-Mg group showed similar roughness between baseline and eroded areas (p > 0.05). On SEM micrographs, PBG-Ti and PBG-Mg groups showed lower apparent demineralization. CONCLUSION All bioactive materials protected the enamel against erosion. However, strontium-containing phosphate bioactive glasses showed lower enamel loss, and the presence of Mg in these bioactive glasses provided a greater protective effect. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Experimental strontium-containing phosphate bioactive glasses are effective in controlling enamel erosion. The results obtained in this study will guide the development of new dental products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Soares
- Polytechnic School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
| | | | - Walter Luís Mikos
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - João Armando Brancher
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - Sérgio Vieira
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - Andrea Freire
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil. .,School of Dentistry- FAODO, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva, S/N, Universitário, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brasil.
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Qasim AA, Alani BW, Al Qassar SSS. Effects of fluoridated tooth paste on medically erosive enamel in bonded primary teeth during maxillary arch expansion in cleft palate patient: An in vitro study. J Orthod Sci 2021; 10:17. [PMID: 34568213 PMCID: PMC8423160 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_67_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study searched the effects of fluoridated toothpaste on the enamel surface of deciduous molars eroded by different pediatric liquid medicaments which were encircled by orthodontic bands by gravimetric analysis method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A suitable orthodontic band was used to band each of the 110 non-carious exfoliated deciduous molars, and stored in artificial saliva. These teeth were divided randomly into fluoridated and non-fluoridated groups (50 teeth each), and 10 teeth were used as negative controls. The enamel surface of the fluoridated group was swabbed with fluoridated toothpaste for 5 minutes twice daily. Each group was subdivided into five clusters of 10 teeth each according to the type of medication used which included paracetamol, Adol, amoxicillin, Medazole (ME), and Viton (VI) according to a specific immersion cycle. The erosion induced in the enamel for all the teeth was evaluated by gravimetric analysis for different intervals. RESULTS The results showed that the weight loss increased with increasing exposure to liquid medication for all groups, but this increase was smaller in the fluoridated group. The highest mean weight loss after 28 days was in VI, and the lowest was in ME (0.145 [0.005] mg; 0.08 [0.008] mg), respectively. CONCLUSION The fluoridated toothpaste significantly reduced medically eroded enamel by oral medical syrups. The gravimetric method is valid for the detection of erosion on banded deciduous molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Akram Qasim
- Department of Pedodontic, Orthodontics and Prevention Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Baraa W. Alani
- Department of Pedodontic, Orthodontics and Prevention Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Sarmad S. Salih Al Qassar
- Department of Pedodontic, Orthodontics and Prevention Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Rasputnis W, Schestakow A, Hannig M. The dentin pellicle - A neglected topic in dental research. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105212. [PMID: 34325346 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE All soft and solid surfaces exposed to the oral cavity are covered by an acquired pellicle. While the pellicle adsorbed on enamel is well researched, only limited data are available on the dentin pellicle. The purpose of the present review is to summarize studies considering the composition, structure and properties of the dentin pellicle and compare them with the current state of research on enamel pellicle. METHODS The literature search was conducted using Medline database and Google Scholar, including checking reference lists of journal articles by handsearching. Thereby, 19 studies were included in the present review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The dentin pellicle has a similar ultrastructure to the enamel pellicle, which is up to 1 μm thick depending on pellicle formation time and localization in the oral cavity. In contrast, due to the lack of studies on the dentin pellicle regarding its composition and properties, a comparison to the enamel pellicle is difficult. So far, only one study showed anti-abrasive properties and data on anti-erosive properties were controversial. Despite becoming more and more clinically relevant due to the increasing frequency of dentin exposure, the dentin pellicle is largely unexplored. For further investigations it is not only necessary to standardize dentin specimens, but also to assess fundamental research on dentin itself, as its complex morphology and composition may have a crucial influence on pellicle formation. Furthermore, a more detailed knowledge of the dentin pellicle may also reveal target sites for modification in favor of its protective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadim Rasputnis
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Anton Schestakow
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
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Methodology to Quantify and Screen the Demineralization of Teeth by Immersing Them in Acidic Drinks (Orange Juice, Coca-Cola™, and Grape Juice): Evaluation by ICP OES. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113337. [PMID: 34206102 PMCID: PMC8199518 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health problems may occur as a result of the ingestion of acid drinks. The objective of this in vitro study was to quantify and screen the concentration of potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), barium (Ba), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and vanadium (V) released from bovine incisors during an erosive challenge at different times of exposure when immersed in Coca-Cola™, orange juice, and grape juice. A total of 240 samples of bovine incisor teeth were used for the erosive challenge and allocated in groups. Digestion of drinks was performed using microwave-assisted digestion. The content in acidic drinks was monitored before and after the erosive challenge at exposure times of 1, 5, and 60 min using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The drinks’ pH varied slightly during the erosive challenge but remained below the critical value of pH 5 to cause tooth demineralization. The concentrations of elements released from the bovine incisors during the in vitro erosive challenge depend on exposure times when immersed in acidic beverages. For some elements such as Ca, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Ba, Pb, As, and Cd, quantified in acidic drinks, grape juice had greater erosive potential than Coca-Cola™ and orange juice. Quantification and monitoring of chemical elements in bovine teeth can be performed considering a longer erosive time and other types of acidic drinks. Further analysis using human teeth is still not available and must be conducted. The demineralization of teeth not only occurs in acidic beverages; physical and chemical factors play other roles and should be investigated.
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Yavuz BS, Kargul B. Comparative evaluation of the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and microhardness for remineralization of enamel caries lesions. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1115-1121. [PMID: 33980748 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the Cirrus high-definition (HD) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for the remineralization of artificial enamel caries and to compare it with the comparison surface microhardness (SMH) analysis. Artificial caries lesions were produced on forty human enamel samples. Then, three different remineralization agents containing casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate; casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate; calcium glycerophosphate, magnesium chloride, and xylitol; and remineralization solution (control) were applied with pH cycling for six days. The optical depth of backscattered light and microhardness of enamel were measured using SD-OCT and SMH. All remineralization agents were significantly efficient in reducing optical lesion depth on enamels (p1=0.001, p2=0.002, p3=0.006, p4=0.025), and in increasing the SMH of enamels (p1-3=0.005, p4=0.017). However, the optical lesion depths of the enamel showed no correlation with the SMH in the groups. In conclusion, demineralization and remineralization of artificial lesions can be assessed with both SD-OCT and SMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Sen Yavuz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Bahcesehir University
| | - Betul Kargul
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University
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A novel non-destructive technique for qualitative and quantitative measurement of dental erosion in its entirety by porosity and bulk tissue-loss. J Dent 2021; 110:103688. [PMID: 33961936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential of combining non-contact profilometry (NCP) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) data to measure the entire erosive process non-destructively and to validate findings using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface microhardness (SMH) using the same samples throughout. METHODS Polished bovine enamel samples (n = 35) were divided into groups (7/group) with similar SMH values. Samples underwent individual erosive challenges (1 % citric acid, pH3.8) for 1, 5, 10, 15 or 30 min under stirring and aliquot extracts were analysed for Ca and P by ICP-AES. SMH was used to measure erosive softening. Profilometry was used to assess bulk volume loss (BVL). Images were captured by SEM. Samples were stained with rhodamine-B (0.1 mM, 24 h) and images captured by CLSM. Image processing was used to determine changes in fluorescent volume for the first 10 μm (ΔFV10) for each enamel sample which were combined with BVL to calculate total lesion volume (TLV). ANOVA, linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis were used where applicable. RESULTS Surface softening, [Ca], [P], BVL and ΔFV10μm increased with acid erosion duration which were significant by 10 min (P < .01). The Ca:P ratio increased to 1.57 then decreased after 5 min erosion suggesting a sub/surface phase change, which was observed by SEM and CLSM showing significant changes to the enamel surface and subsurface morphology with time. Combination of BVL and ΔFV10 as TLV strengthened the significant correlations with [Ca], [P], and SMH (P < .01). CONCLUSION This novel combination of CLSM and NCP allows for concurrent non-destructive quantification of the entire erosive process by mineral loss, and qualitatively characterise microstructural changes during dental erosion.
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Abstract
The difficulty in obtaining human teeth that are caries-free that have similar environmental exposure, e.g., diet intake and water fluoridation has lead researchers to opt for bovine teeth as a substitute for erosion studies. Bovine mandibular incisors are readily available at abattoirs and often originate from the same region and are likely to consume similar dietary intake. The bovine teeth for erosion or abrasion studies usually undergo specimen preparation to produce a "flat surface" baseline specimen. Among other terms used to define baseline specimens for erosion and abrasion studies include phrases like "optically flat" and "flat and smooth surface." However, these terms might have no quantitative value as it does not justify the actual surface characteristics of the prepared flattened surface. In dentistry, roughness average (Ra) is the most commonly used parameter when reporting the roughness of specimens Reporting Ra alone might not be sufficient as it does not provide information regarding the surface texture as there is no distinction between valleys and peaks, nor does it provide information about the core structure of a material unlike the bearing area curve. The incorporation of Ra and BAP values in baseline specimens has the potential in predicting the wear or lubricating potential of these specimens. Furthermore, standardization of baseline specimens by acknowledging its surface roughness values ensures comparability of erosion and abrasion studies as different specimen preparation technique might influence the outcome or results of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Ishak
- Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - James Field
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew German
- School of Dental Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
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Witecy C, Ganss C, Wöstmann B, Schlenz MB, Schlenz MA. Monitoring of Erosive Tooth Wear with Intraoral Scanners In vitro. Caries Res 2021; 55:215-224. [PMID: 33752205 DOI: 10.1159/000514666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraoral scanners (IOS) have been used to quantify tooth wear, but so far they have not been systematically validated for monitoring of tissue loss. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate whether progression of tissue loss can be detected with an IOS and whether IOS values agree with those obtained with noncontacting profilometry (PRO) serving as a standard method. Model jaws were mounted in a phantom head positioned in a dental chair. Flattened areas were prepared on the non-load-bearing cusps of the first molars (model teeth; n = 16) in order to fix flat enamel samples with an experimental area and a reference area. After baseline PRO and IOS, the experimental enamel area was stepwise etched with 35% H3PO4 gel (4 × 30 s and 4 × 15 s). After each etching, PRO and IOS was performed and the vertical tissue loss between the reference and experimental areas was measured, each at the same 3 measurement points. Furthermore, cupped cusps were simulated by stepwise preparation of the load-bearing cusps of the model teeth with a spherical diamond bur, and the maximum vertical depth after each preparation step was measured only by IOS. Trios3 (3Shape, Denmark), Carestream CS3600 (Carestream, USA) and an optical profilometer (MicroProf, Fries, Germany) were used to measure the flat areas of the enamel samples, whereas only IOS were used to measure curved surfaces on the load-bearing cupped cusps of the model teeth. The IOS data were analyzed with an external software (GOM Inspect, Germany) and with the respective internal IOS software. PRO revealed a mean (±SD) tissue loss of 17.1 ± 4.7 µm after 30-s etching steps and 10.1 ± 5.1 µm after the 15-s etching steps. IOS and software types were able to detect the progression of tissue loss after each etching step (p ≤ 0.001 each); Bland-Altmann plots revealed good agreement with PRO regardless of the order of tissue loss, and no systematic difference was found. Increasing cupped lesion depths were detected by all IOS, with no significant differences between IOS and analysis methods. IOS were able to detect small amounts of tissue loss under simulated clinical conditions and seem to be a promising tool for monitoring even initial erosive tooth wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Witecy
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany,
| | - Carolina Ganss
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wöstmann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Moritz B Schlenz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Pelá VT, Buzalaf MAR, Niemeyer SH, Baumann T, Henrique-Silva F, Toyama D, Crusca E, Marchetto R, Lussi A, Carvalho TS. Acquired pellicle engineering with proteins/peptides: Mechanism of action on native human enamel surface. J Dent 2021; 107:103612. [PMID: 33621617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the mechanism of action of different proteins/peptides (separately or in combination), focusing on how they act directly on the native enamel surface and on modifying the salivary pellicle. METHODS A total of 170 native human enamel specimens were prepared and submitted to different treatments (2 h; 37 °C): with deionized water, CaneCPI-5, Hemoglobin, Statherin, or a combination of all three proteins/peptides. The groups were subdivided into treatment acting on the enamel surface (NoP - absence of salivary pellicle), and treatment modifying the salivary pellicle (P). Treatment was made (2 h; 37 °C) in all specimens, and later, for P, the specimens were incubated in human saliva (2 h; 37 °C). In both cases, the specimens were immersed in 1% citric acid (pH 3.6; 2 min; 25 °C). Calcium released from enamel (CaR) and its relative surface reflection intensity (%SRI) was measured after 5 cycles. Between-group differences were verified with two-way ANOVA, with "presence of pellicle" and "treatment" as factors (α = 0.05). RESULTS The presence of pellicle provided better protection regarding %SRI (p < 0.01), but not regarding CaR (p = 0.201). In relation to treatment, when compared to the control group, all proteins/peptides provided significantly better protection (p < 0.01 for %SRI and Car). The combination of all three proteins/peptides demonstrated the best protective effect (p < 0.01 for %SRI). CONCLUSION Depending on the protein or peptide, its erosion-inhibiting effect derives from their interaction with the enamel surface or from modifying the pellicle, so a combination of proteins and peptides provides the best protection. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The present study opens a new direction for a possible treatment with a combination of proteins for native human enamel, which can act directly on the enamel surface as well on the modification of the salivary pellicle, for the prevention of dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Taioqui Pelá
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, BE, Switzerland.
| | | | - Samira Helena Niemeyer
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, BE, Switzerland.
| | - Tommy Baumann
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, BE, Switzerland.
| | - Flávio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Danyelle Toyama
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edson Crusca
- Chemistry Institute, Paulista State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, BE, Switzerland.
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, BE, Switzerland.
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Fowler CE, Creeth JE, Paul AJ, Carson C, Tadesse G, Brown A. The effect of dentifrice ingredients on enamel erosion prevention and repair. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christabel E. Fowler
- Consumer Healthcare, Oral Healthcare R&D Department GlaxoSmithKline Weybridge UK
| | - Jonathan E. Creeth
- Consumer Healthcare, Oral Healthcare R&D Department GlaxoSmithKline Weybridge UK
| | - Alan J. Paul
- Surface Science Department Lucideon Stoke‐on‐Trent UK
| | - Clare Carson
- Surface Science Department Lucideon Stoke‐on‐Trent UK
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Niemeyer SH, Baumann T, Lussi A, Meyer-Lueckel H, Scaramucci T, Carvalho TS. Salivary pellicle modification with polyphenol-rich teas and natural extracts to improve protection against dental erosion. J Dent 2020; 105:103567. [PMID: 33387569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the modification of the salivary pellicle with different polyphenol-rich teas and natural extracts for the protection against dental erosion. METHODS We performed two experiments: one with teas (Green tea, Black tea, Peppermint tea, Rosehip tea, negative control [NC]) and other with natural extracts (Grape seed, Grapefruit seed, Cranberry, Propolis, NC), where NC was deionized water. A total of 150 enamel specimens were used (n = 15/group). Both experiments followed the same design, consisting of 5 cycles of: salivary pellicle formation (30 min, 37 °C), modification with the solutions (30 min, 25 °C), further salivary pellicle formation (60 min, 37 °C) and erosive challenge (1 min, 1% citric acid, pH 3.6). Relative surface microhardness (rSMH), relative surface reflection intensity (rSRI) and amount of calcium release (CaR) were evaluated. Data were analysed with Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05). RESULTS Regarding teas, Black and Green teas showed the best protection against dental erosion, presenting higher rSMH and lower CaR than NC. Peppermint tea was not different to NC and Rosehip tea caused erosion, showing the highest CaR and greatest loss of SMH and SRI. Regarding natural extracts, Grape seed and Grapefruit seed extracts presented the best protective effect, with significantly higher rSMH and lower CaR. Cranberry caused significantly more demineralization; and Propolis did not differ from NC. CONCLUSION Green tea, Black tea, Grape seed extract and Grapefruit seed extract were able to modify the salivary pellicle and improve its protective effect against enamel erosion, but Rosehip tea and Cranberry extract caused erosion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Some some bio-products, such as teas and natural extracts, improve the protective effect of the salivary pellicle against enamel erosion. More studies should be performed in order to test the viability of their use as active ingredients for oral care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Helena Niemeyer
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Tommy Baumann
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Taís Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Zip code: 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Effects of different irrigation protocols on dentin surfaces as revealed through quantitative 3D surface texture analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22073. [PMID: 33328515 PMCID: PMC7744534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been advocated as an effective irrigation methodology to remove organic and inorganic matter in root canal therapy. Yet, it was suggested that both solutions might lead to structural changes of the dentinal wall surface, depending on the order of application which might affect sealer mechanical retention. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different irrigating protocols on dentin surface roughness using quantitative 3D surface texture analysis. Data stems from 150 human root dentin sections, divided into five groups, each prepared according to one of the following protocols: Negative control; 17% EDTA; 17% EDTA followed by 5.25% NaOCl; 5.25% NaOCl; and 5.25% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA. Each dentin sample was examined for its three-dimensional surface texture using a high-resolution confocal disc-scanning measuring system. EDTA 17% and the combined EDTA 17% with NaOCl 5.25% showed considerably higher roughness properties compared to the control and to NaOCl 5.25% alone. However, the irrigation sequence did not affect the dentin roughness properties. Therefore, mechanical retention is probably not dependent upon the selection of irrigation protocol sequence.
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