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Yu X, Li P, Li B, Yu F, Zhao W, Wang X, Wang Y, Gao H, Cheng M, Li X. d-Pinitol Improves Diabetic Sarcopenia by Regulation of the Gut Microbiome, Metabolome, and Proteome in STZ-Induced SAMP8 Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14466-14478. [PMID: 38875577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
d-Pinitol (DP) is primarily found in Vigna sinensis, which has been shown to have hypoglycemic and protective effects on target organs. However, the mechanism of DP in treating diabetic sarcopenia (DS) is still unclear. To explore the underlying mechanism of DS and the protective targets of DP by high-throughput analysis of 16S rRNA gene, metabolome, and the proteome. Streptozotocin-induced SAMP8 mice were intragastrically administrated DP (150 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gastrocnemius muscle metabolomic and proteomic analyses were completed to investigate the gut-muscle axis interactions. DP significantly alleviated the muscle atrophy in diabetic mice. Dysfunction of the gut microbiota was observed in the DS mice. DP significantly reduced the Parabacteroides, Akkermansia, and Enterobacteriaceae, while it increased Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136. Metabolome and proteome revealed that 261 metabolites and 626 proteins were significantly changed in the gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic mice. Among these, DP treatment restored 44 metabolites and 17 proteins to normal levels. Functional signaling pathways of DP-treated diabetic mice included nucleotide metabolism, β-alanine, histidine metabolism, ABC transporters, and the calcium signaling pathway. We systematically explored the molecular mechanism of DS and the protective effect of DP, providing new insights that may advance the treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Baoying Li
- Health Management Center (East Area), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Kong CH, Lee JW, Jeon M, Kang WC, Kim MS, Park K, Bae HJ, Park SJ, Jung SY, Kim SN, Kleinfelter B, Kim JW, Ryu JH. D-Pinitol mitigates post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviors induced by single prolonged stress in mice through mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110990. [PMID: 38467326 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental illness that can occur in individuals who have experienced trauma. Current treatments for PTSD, typically serotonin reuptake inhibitors, have limited effectiveness for patients and often cause serious adverse effects. Therefore, a novel class of treatment with better pharmacological profile is necessary. D-Pinitol has been reported to be effective for depression and anxiety disorders, but there are no reports associated with PTSD. In the present study, we investigated the effects of D-pinitol in a mouse model of PTSD induced by a single prolonged stress (SPS) protocol. We examined the therapeutic effects of D-pinitol on emotional and cognitive impairments in the SPS mouse model. We also investigated the effects of D-pinitol on fear memory formation. Mineralocorticoid receptor transactivation assay, Western blot, and quantitative PCR were employed to investigate how D-pinitol exerts its pharmacological activities. D-Pinitol ameliorated PTSD-like behaviors in a SPS mouse model. D-Pinitol also normalized the increased mRNA expression levels and protein levels of the mineralocorticoid receptor in the amygdala. A mineralocorticoid receptor agonist reversed the effects of D-pinitol on fear extinction and recall, and the antagonistic property of D-pinitol against the mineralocorticoid receptor was confirmed in vitro. Our findings suggest that D-pinitol could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for PTSD due to its antagonistic effect on the mineralocorticoid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hyeon Kong
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung-si 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Jeon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Chang Kang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Keontae Park
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jung Bae
- Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Jung
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung-si 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin Kleinfelter
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, United States of America
| | - Ji-Woon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Li X, Yu X, Yu F, Fu C, Zhao W, Liu X, Dai C, Gao H, Cheng M, Li B. D-pinitol alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting the optineurin-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and glycophagy signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1681-1694. [PMID: 38311336 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important complication resulting in heart failure and death of diabetic patients. However, there is no effective drug for treatments. This study investigated the effect of D-pinitol (DP) on cardiac injury using diabetic mice and glycosylation injury of cardiomyocytes and its molecular mechanisms. We established the streptozotocin-induced SAMR1 and SAMP8 mice and DP (150 mg/kg/day) intragastrically and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)-induced H9C2 cells. H9C2 cells were transfected with optineurin (OPTN) siRNA and overexpression plasmids. The metabolic disorder indices, cardiac dysfunction, histopathology, immunofluorescence, western blot, and immunoprecipitation were investigated. Our results showed that DP reduced the blood glucose and AGEs, and increased the expression of heart OPTN in diabetic mice and H9C2 cells, thereby inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP78, CHOP) and glycophagy (STBD1, GABARAPL1), and alleviating the myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis of DCM. The expression of filamin A as an interaction protein of OPTN downregulated by AGEs decreased OPTN abundance. Moreover, OPTN siRNA increased the expression of GRP78, CHOP, STBD1, and GABARAPL1 and inhibited the expression of GAA via GSK3β phosphorylation and FoxO1. DP may be helpful to treat the onset of DCM. Targeting OPTN with DP could be translated into clinical application in the fighting against DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Chunli Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Chaochao Dai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Baoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Health Management Center (East Area), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lopez-Pedrosa JM, Camprubi-Robles M, Guzman-Rolo G, Lopez-Gonzalez A, Garcia-Almeida JM, Sanz-Paris A, Rueda R. The Vicious Cycle of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Clinical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Bases. Nutrients 2024; 16:172. [PMID: 38202001 PMCID: PMC10780454 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and skeletal muscle atrophy (SMA) have become increasingly common occurrences. Whether the onset of T2DM increases the risk of SMA or vice versa has long been under investigation. Both conditions are associated with negative changes in skeletal muscle health, which can, in turn, lead to impaired physical function, a lowered quality of life, and an increased risk of mortality. Poor nutrition can exacerbate both T2DM and SMA. T2DM and SMA are linked by a vicious cycle of events that reinforce and worsen each other. Muscle insulin resistance appears to be the pathophysiological link between T2DM and SMA. To explore this association, our review (i) compiles evidence on the clinical association between T2DM and SMA, (ii) reviews mechanisms underlying biochemical changes in the muscles of people with or at risk of T2DM and SMA, and (iii) examines how nutritional therapy and increased physical activity as muscle-targeted treatments benefit this population. Based on the evidence, we conclude that effective treatment of patients with T2DM-SMA depends on the restoration and maintenance of muscle mass. We thus propose that regular intake of key functional nutrients, along with guidance for physical activity, can help maintain euglycemia and improve muscle status in all patients with T2DM and SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jose Manuel Garcia-Almeida
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), Malaga University, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Sanz-Paris
- Nutrition Unit, Universitary Hospital Miguel Servet, Isabel the Catholic 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Ricardo Rueda
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, 18004 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-R.); (A.L.-G.); (R.R.)
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5
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Bae CS, Lee Y, Ahn T. Therapeutic treatments for diabetes mellitus-induced liver injury by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation. Appl Microsc 2023; 53:4. [PMID: 37428327 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-023-00089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that affects all systems in the body, including the liver. Numerous studies have reported that chronic DM etiology and pathogenesis complications implicate oxidative stress, generating reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anions and free radicals. In addition, pro-inflammatory reactions are also underlying functions closely related to oxidative stress that further exacerbate pathological DM states. The liver is especially susceptible to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and the related inflammation. Thus, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation therapies are promising strategies for treating liver damage. This review summarizes therapeutic treatments attenuating the generation of oxidative stress and pro-inflammation, which also cause DM-induced liver injury. Although the treatments have several impediments to be solved, these remedies may have clinically important implications under the absence of effective drugs for the damaged liver in DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngchan Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Kang YW, Joo NM. Optimization of Nutrient-Rich Ice Plant ( Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) Paste Fresh Noodle Pasta Using Response Surface Methodology. Foods 2023; 12:2482. [PMID: 37444220 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ice plant is a species that is grown mainly in the dry regions of the American West and contains various minerals and ingredients beneficial for human health, such as inositol and beta-carotene. With the growing trend towards healthy foods, pasta consumption has also increased. Pasta is a convenient and low-glycemic-index food that is composed mainly of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, dietary fiber, and trace amounts of minerals. The optimal mixing ratio was evaluated to produce pasta of the highest quality in terms of blood sugar elevation and antioxidant efficacy. The components and minerals of the ice plant, including D-pinitol and inositol, were analyzed, and 20 essential amino acids were identified. In this study, we also investigated the quality and characteristics of ice plant paste and eggs, as well as the quality, antioxidant activity, and formulation of raw materials mixed with ice plant at different ratios. Optimal conditions were found to be 46.73 g of ice plant paste in 100 g of durum wheat flour, 20.23 g of egg, and 2 g of salt, providing a way to develop fresh pasta that enhances the health benefits of ice plant paste without excessive moisture and other ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo-Wool Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Mi Joo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
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Concerto C, Chiarenza C, Di Francesco A, Natale A, Privitera I, Rodolico A, Trovato A, Aguglia A, Fisicaro F, Pennisi M, Bella R, Petralia A, Signorelli MS, Lanza G. Neurobiology and Applications of Inositol in Psychiatry: A Narrative Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1762-1778. [PMID: 36826058 PMCID: PMC9955821 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol is a natural sugar-like compound, commonly present in many plants and foods. It is involved in several biochemical pathways, most of them controlling vital cellular mechanisms, such as cell development, signaling and nuclear processes, metabolic and endocrine modulation, cell growth, signal transduction, etc. In this narrative review, we focused on the role of inositol in human brain physiology and pathology, with the aim of providing an update on both potential applications and current limits in its use in psychiatric disorders. Overall, imaging and biomolecular studies have shown the role of inositol levels in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. However, when administered as monotherapy or in addition to conventional drugs, inositol did not seem to influence clinical outcomes in both mood and psychotic disorders. Conversely, more encouraging results have emerged for the treatment of panic disorders. We concluded that, despite its multifaceted neurobiological activities and some positive findings, to date, data on the efficacy of inositol in the treatment of psychiatric disorders are still controversial, partly due to the heterogeneity of supporting studies. Therefore, systematic use of inositol in routine clinical practice cannot be recommended yet, although further basic and translational research should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Concerto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cecilia Chiarenza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Francesco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antimo Natale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ivan Privitera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rodolico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Trovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Advanced Technology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy
- CERNUT–Research Centre for Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-3782448
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Liu F, Ye F, Cheng C, Kang Z, Kou H, Sun J. Symbiotic microbes aid host adaptation by metabolizing a deterrent host pine carbohydrate d-pinitol in a beetle-fungus invasive complex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd5051. [PMID: 36563163 PMCID: PMC9788770 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The red turpentine beetle (RTB) is one of the most destructive invasive pests in China and solely consumes pine phloem containing high amounts of d-pinitol. Previous studies reported that d-pinitol exhibits deterrent effects on insects. However, it remains unknown how insects overcome d-pinitol during their host plant adaptation. We found that d-pinitol had an antagonistic effect on RTB, which mainly relied on gallery microbes to degrade d-pinitol to enhance host adaptation with mutualistic Leptographium procerum and two symbiotic bacteria, Erwinia and Serratia, responsible for this degradation. Genomic, transcriptomic, and functional investigations revealed that all three microbes can metabolize d-pinitol via different branches of the inositol pathway. Our results collectively highlight the contributions of symbiotic microbes in RTB's adaptation to living on pine, thereby facilitating outbreaks of RTB in China. These findings further enrich our knowledge of symbiotic invasions and contribute to the further understanding of plant-insect interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fangyuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chihang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, No. 759, East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhiwei Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongru Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianghua Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Antidiabetic Potential of Commonly Available Fruit Plants in Bangladesh: Updates on Prospective Phytochemicals and Their Reported MoAs. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248709. [PMID: 36557843 PMCID: PMC9782115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening disorder affecting people of all ages and adversely disrupts their daily functions. Despite the availability of numerous synthetic-antidiabetic medications and insulin, the demand for the development of novel antidiabetic medications is increasing due to the adverse effects and growth of resistance to commercial drugs in the long-term usage. Hence, antidiabetic phytochemicals isolated from fruit plants can be a very nifty option to develop life-saving novel antidiabetic therapeutics, employing several pathways and MoAs (mechanism of actions). This review focuses on the antidiabetic potential of commonly available Bangladeshi fruits and other plant parts, such as seeds, fruit peals, leaves, and roots, along with isolated phytochemicals from these phytosources based on lab findings and mechanism of actions. Several fruits, such as orange, lemon, amla, tamarind, and others, can produce remarkable antidiabetic actions and can be dietary alternatives to antidiabetic therapies. Besides, isolated phytochemicals from these plants, such as swertisin, quercetin, rutin, naringenin, and other prospective phytochemicals, also demonstrated their candidacy for further exploration to be established as antidiabetic leads. Thus, it can be considered that fruits are one of the most valuable gifts of plants packed with a wide spectrum of bioactive phytochemicals and are widely consumed as dietary items and medicinal therapies in different civilizations and cultures. This review will provide a better understanding of diabetes management by consuming fruits and other plant parts as well as deliver innovative hints for the researchers to develop novel drugs from these plant parts and/or their phytochemicals.
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Siracusa L, Occhiuto C, Molonia MS, Cimino F, Palumbo M, Saija A, Speciale A, Rocco C, Ruberto G, Cristani M. A pinitol-rich Glycyrrhiza glabra L. leaf extract as functional supplement with potential in the prevention of endothelial dysfunction through improving insulin signalling. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1225-1234. [PMID: 32476488 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1764046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glycyrrhyza glabra L. is one of the most popular medicinal plant in the world, its roots having been used since ancient times in many traditional medicines. On the contrary, scarce attention has been dedicated to liquorice aerial parts. Previous studies showed the presence of a large group of polyphenols and a consistent amount of d-pinitol in the leaf extract.Methods: The methanolic extract from G. glabra leaves was profiled for its content in polyphenols; the amount of d-pinitol was also measured with two independent methods (HPLC-ELSD and NMR). The extract was tested for its in vitro protective effects against insulin resistance-related endothelial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to palmitic acid, which is the most prevalent saturated free fatty acid in circulation.Results: Methanolic extract from liquorice leaves has a protective effect against the lipotoxicity-associated alterations of insulin pathway in human endothelial cells, similarly to what observed with pure d-pinitol.Conclusions: Liquorice leaves are to be considered a waste product which gives a phytocomplex endowed with interesting potential therapeutic properties, moreover the use of a liquorice leaves phytocomplex rather than a pure compound allows avoiding a series of isolation/purification procedures and can be easily scaled up for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
- Fondazione "Antonio Imbesi", Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Palumbo
- Istituto di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Ospedale Santo Bambino, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Saija
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta Rocco
- Istituto del C.N.R. di Chimica Biomolecolare, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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11
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Pharmacokinetics and Endocrine Effects of an Oral Dose of D-Pinitol in Human Fasting Healthy Volunteers. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194094. [PMID: 36235746 PMCID: PMC9572189 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study characterizes the oral pharmacokinetics of D-Pinitol, a natural insulin mimetic inositol, in human healthy volunteers (14 males and 11 females). D-Pinitol absorption was studied in (a) subjects receiving a single oral dose of 15 mg/kg (n = 10), or (b) 5 mg/kg pure D-Pinitol (n = 6), and (c) subjects receiving D-Pinitol as part of carbohydrate-containing carob pods-derived syrup with a 3.2% D-Pinitol (Dose of 1600 mg/subject, n = 9). The volunteers received a randomly assigned single dose of either D-Pinitol or carob pod-derived syrup. Blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360 and 1440 min after intake. Plasma concentration of D-Pinitol was measured and pharmacokinetic parameters obtained. The data indicate that when given alone, the oral absorption of D-Pinitol is dose-dependent and of extended duration, with a Tmax reached after almost 4 h, and a half-life greater than 5 h. When the source of D-Pinitol was a carob pods-derived syrup, Cmax was reduced to 40% of the expected based on the data of D-Pinitol alone, suggesting a reduced absorption probably because of competition with monosaccharide transport. In this group, Tmax was reached before that of D-Pinitol alone, but the estimated half-life remained the same. In the D-Pinitol groups, plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon, ghrelin, free fatty acids, and pituitary hormones were additionally measured. A dose of 15 mg/kg of D-Pinitol did not affect glucose levels in healthy volunteers, but reduced insulin and increased glucagon and ghrelin concentrations. D-Pinitol did not increase other hormones known to enhance plasma glucose, such as cortisol or GH, which were surprisingly reduced after the ingestion of this inositol. Other pituitary hormones (gonadotropins, prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone) were not affected after D-Pinitol ingestion. In a conclusion, D-Pinitol is absorbed through the oral route, having an extended half-life and displaying the pharmacological profile of an endocrine pancreas protector, a pharmacological activity of potential interest for the treatment or prevention of insulin resistance-associated conditions.
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12
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Pandi A, Sattu K, Kalappan VM, Lal V, Varikasuvu SR, Ganguly A, Prasad J. Pharmacological effects of D-Pinitol - A comprehensive review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14282. [PMID: 35735162 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of phytochemicals to prevent or treat diseases has received greater attention. These phytochemicals have little or no toxicity against healthy tissues and are thus considered as ideal compounds. An impressive number of modern drugs are obtained from natural sources based on their traditional value. D-Pinitol is a natural compound that is derived from soy and soy products. It is a potentially active molecule that belongs to the class of inositols. D-pinitol has been pharmacologically evaluated for its potent antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, renoprotective, neuroprotective, immunosuppressive, and anti-osteoporotic efficacies. This review is an attempt to validate the plausible pharmacological effects of D-pinitol using various in vivo and in vitro studies. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The consumption of plant-based products has been significantly increased all over the world. The active phytochemicals that are found in plants are stated to have numerous health promoting functions for the treatment of diabetes, cancer, inflammation, cardiac diseases, liver dysfunction, and many other. D-Pinitol is abundantly present in soybeans that possess notable therapeutic activities. Understanding the effects of D-Pinitol would potentially help in applying this compound in clinical research for the treatment of different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandakumar Pandi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)-Deoghar, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kamaraj Sattu
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PG Extension centre, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vanitha M Kalappan
- Formerly, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vanita Lal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)-Deoghar, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Seshadri R Varikasuvu
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)-Deoghar, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anirban Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)-Deoghar, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Jitender Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)-Deoghar, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
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13
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Ansari P, Akther S, Hannan JMA, Seidel V, Nujat NJ, Abdel-Wahab YHA. Pharmacologically Active Phytomolecules Isolated from Traditional Antidiabetic Plants and Their Therapeutic Role for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134278. [PMID: 35807526 PMCID: PMC9268530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic complication that affects people of all ages. The increased prevalence of diabetes worldwide has led to the development of several synthetic drugs to tackle this health problem. Such drugs, although effective as antihyperglycemic agents, are accompanied by various side effects, costly, and inaccessible to the majority of people living in underdeveloped countries. Medicinal plants have been used traditionally throughout the ages to treat various ailments due to their availability and safe nature. Medicinal plants are a rich source of phytochemicals that possess several health benefits. As diabetes continues to become prevalent, health care practitioners are considering plant-based medicines as a potential source of antidiabetic drugs due to their high potency and fewer side effects. To better understand the mechanism of action of medicinal plants, their active phytoconstituents are being isolated and investigated thoroughly. In this review article, we have focused on pharmacologically active phytomolecules isolated from medicinal plants presenting antidiabetic activity and the role they play in the treatment and management of diabetes. These natural compounds may represent as good candidates for a novel therapeutic approach and/or effective and alternative therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawej Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +880-1323-879720
| | - Samia Akther
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
| | - J. M. A. Hannan
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
| | - Nusrat Jahan Nujat
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
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14
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Du X, Wang Y, Wang J, Liu X, Chen J, Kang J, Yang X, Wang H. d-Chiro-Inositol extends the lifespan of male Drosophila melanogaster better than d-Pinitol through insulin signaling and autophagy pathways. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Azab A. D-Pinitol-Active Natural Product from Carob with Notable Insulin Regulation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071453. [PMID: 35406064 PMCID: PMC9003036 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carob is one of the major food trees for peoples of the Mediterranean basin, but it has also been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Carob contains many nutrients and active natural products, and D-Pinitol is clearly one of the most important of these. D-Pinitol has been reported in dozens of scientific publications and its very diverse medicinal properties are still being studied. Presently, more than thirty medicinal activities of D-Pinitol have been reported. Among these, many publications have reported the strong activities of D-Pinitol as a natural antidiabetic and insulin regulator, but also as an active anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory, and is also immune- and hepato-protective. In this review, we will present a brief introduction of the nutritional and medicinal importance of Carob, both traditionally and as found by modern research. In the introduction, we will present Carob’s major active natural products. The structures of inositols will be presented with a brief literature summary of their medicinal activities, with special attention to those inositols in Carob, as well as D-Pinitol’s chemical structure and its medicinal and other properties. D-Pinitol antidiabetic and insulin regulation activities will be extensively presented, including its proposed mechanism of action. Finally, a discussion followed by the conclusions and future vision will summarize this article.
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16
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Kim Y, Oh YK, Lee J, Kim E. Could nutrient supplements provide additional glycemic control in diabetes management? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of as an add-on nutritional supplementation therapy. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:185-204. [PMID: 35304727 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the antidiabetic effect of pharmaconutrients as an add-on in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients by pooling data from currently available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data sources included the PubMed and EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. RCTs reporting changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels following add-on pharmaconutritional therapies for T2DM patients consuming antidiabetic drugs were targeted. Using random-effects meta-analyses, we identified pharmaconutrients with effects on glycemic outcomes. Heterogeneity among studies was presented using I2 values. Among 9537 articles, 119 RCTs with nine pharmaconutrients (chromium; coenzyme Q10; omega-3 fatty acids; vitamins C, D, and E; alpha-lipoic acid; selenium; and zinc) were included. Chromium (HbA1c, FBG, and HOMA-IR), coenzyme Q10 (HbA1c and FBG), vitamin C (HbA1c and FBG), and vitamin E (HbA1c and HOMA-IR) significantly improved glycemic control. Baseline HbA1c level and study duration influenced the effects of chromium and vitamin E on HbA1c level. Sensitivity analyses did not modify the pooled effects of pharmaconutrients on glycemic control. Administration of chromium, coenzyme Q10, and vitamins C and E for T2DM significantly improved glycemic control. This study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018115229).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhye Kim
- Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyoung Oh
- Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- The Graduate School for Pharmaceutical Industry Management, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,The Graduate School for Pharmaceutical Industry Management, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Alam S, Sarker MMR, Sultana TN, Chowdhury MNR, Rashid MA, Chaity NI, Zhao C, Xiao J, Hafez EE, Khan SA, Mohamed IN. Antidiabetic Phytochemicals From Medicinal Plants: Prospective Candidates for New Drug Discovery and Development. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:800714. [PMID: 35282429 PMCID: PMC8907382 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.800714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a chronic physiological dysfunction affecting people of different age groups and severely impairs the harmony of peoples' normal life worldwide. Despite the availability of insulin preparations and several synthetic oral antidiabetic drugs, there is a crucial need for the discovery and development of novel antidiabetic drugs because of the development of resistance and side effects of those drugs in long-term use. On the contrary, plants or herbal sources are getting popular day by day to the scientists, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies all over the world to search for potential bioactive compound(s) for the discovery and development of targeted novel antidiabetic drugs that may control diabetes with the least unwanted effects of conventional antidiabetic drugs. In this review, we have presented the prospective candidates comprised of either isolated phytochemical(s) and/or extract(s) containing bioactive phytoconstituents which have been reported in several in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies possessing noteworthy antidiabetic potential. The mode of actions, attributed to antidiabetic activities of the reported phytochemicals and/or plant extracts have also been described to focus on the prospective phytochemicals and phytosources for further studies in the discovery and development of novel antidiabetic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker, ; ; orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-0608; Isa Naina Mohamed, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-2423
| | | | | | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elsayed E. Hafez
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, ALCRI (Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science & Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker, ; ; orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-0608; Isa Naina Mohamed, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-2423
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18
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Li XL, Xu M, Yu F, Fu CL, Yu X, Cheng M, Gao HQ. Effects of D-pinitol on myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis in streptozocin-induced aging-accelerated mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13669. [PMID: 33598953 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) causes heart failure and increases the mortality in diabetic patients. Myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis are the main features of DCM and aging. The aim is to study the underlying mechanism of D-pinitol (DP) on myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis in an elderly diabetic mouse model. The diabetic model was established by SAMP-8 mice that were injected with streptozotocin daily for five consecutive days. The mice were administrated of DP (150 mg kg-1 day-1 ) by gavage for 10 weeks. The common metabolic disorder indices, cardiac dysfunction, oxidative stress, myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway were investigated. Our findings suggested that DP has a protective effect on DCM, which may be related to regulating oxidative stress, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway involving cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis. DP may be a novel clinical application in fighting against DCM. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: D-pinitol (DP) was found in large quantities in soybean and legume foods. DP has a variety of functions, including hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-tumor activity. We used the streptozotocin-induced SAMP8 mice as the diabetic model and treated with DP. We found that DP can improve cardiac dysfunction and inhibits the oxidative stress, myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis. DP has a significant effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). The molecular mechanisms are related to regulating oxidative stress, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway involving cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis. DP can prevent and/or delay the onset of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Li Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Qing Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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19
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Watkins OC, Yong HEJ, Sharma N, Chan SY. A review of the role of inositols in conditions of insulin dysregulation and in uncomplicated and pathological pregnancy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1626-1673. [PMID: 33280430 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1845604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inositols, a group of 6-carbon polyols, are highly bioactive molecules derived from diet and endogenous synthesis. Inositols and their derivatives are involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and participate in insulin-signaling, with perturbations in inositol processing being associated with conditions involving insulin resistance, dysglycemia and dyslipidemia such as polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes. Pregnancy is similarly characterized by substantial and complex changes in glycemic and lipidomic regulation as part of maternal adaptation and is also associated with physiological alterations in inositol processing. Disruptions in maternal adaptation are postulated to have a critical pathophysiological role in pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. Inositol supplementation has shown promise as an intervention for the alleviation of symptoms in conditions of insulin resistance and for gestational diabetes prevention. However, the mechanisms behind these affects are not fully understood. In this review, we explore the role of inositols in conditions of insulin dysregulation and in pregnancy, and identify priority areas for research. We particularly examine the role and function of inositols within the maternal-placental-fetal axis in both uncomplicated and pathological pregnancies. We also discuss how inositols may mediate maternal-placental-fetal cross-talk, and regulate fetal growth and development, and suggest that inositols play a vital role in promoting healthy pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hannah E J Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Navarro JA, Decara J, Medina-Vera D, Tovar R, Suarez J, Pavón J, Serrano A, Vida M, Gutierrez-Adan A, Sanjuan C, Baixeras E, de Fonseca FR. D-Pinitol from Ceratonia siliqua Is an Orally Active Natural Inositol That Reduces Pancreas Insulin Secretion and Increases Circulating Ghrelin Levels in Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072030. [PMID: 32650579 PMCID: PMC7400942 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize the metabolic actions of D-Pinitol, a dietary inositol, in male Wistar rats, we analyzed its oral pharmacokinetics and its effects on (a) the secretion of hormones regulating metabolism (insulin, glucagon, IGF-1, ghrelin, leptin and adiponectin), (b) insulin signaling in the liver and (c) the expression of glycolytic and neoglucogenesis enzymes. Oral D-Pinitol administration (100 or 500 mg/Kg) resulted in its rapid absorption and distribution to plasma and liver compartments. Its administration reduced insulinemia and HOMA-IR, while maintaining glycaemia thanks to increased glucagon activity. In the liver, D-Pinitol reduced the key glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase and decreased the phosphorylation of the enzymes AKT and GSK-3. These observations were associated with an increase in ghrelin concentrations, a known inhibitor of insulin secretion. The profile of D-Pinitol suggests its potential use as a pancreatic protector decreasing insulin secretion through ghrelin upregulation, while sustaining glycaemia through the liver-based mechanisms of glycolysis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Navarro
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Decara
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Dina Medina-Vera
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rubén Tovar
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Suarez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Javier Pavón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Margarita Vida
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Alfonso Gutierrez-Adan
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carlos Sanjuan
- Euronutra S.L. Calle Johannes Kepler, 3, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (E.B.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-655-373-093 (E.B.); +34-669-426-548 (F.R.d.F.)
| | - Elena Baixeras
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (E.B.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-655-373-093 (E.B.); +34-669-426-548 (F.R.d.F.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto IBIMA de Málaga, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.N.); (J.D.); (D.M.-V.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (E.B.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-655-373-093 (E.B.); +34-669-426-548 (F.R.d.F.)
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Sousa LGF, Cortez LUADS, Evangelista JSAM, Xavier-Júnior FAF, Heimark DB, Fonteles MC, Santos CF, Nascimento NRF. Renal protective effect of pinitol in experimental diabetes. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173130. [PMID: 32360975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pinitol is a natural antidiabetic agent shown to prevent or ameliorate metabolic and overall vascular and neural function. In the present study we have evaluated the potential benefits of pinitol on renal function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Both euglycemic or 8-week or 16-week diabetic rats were treated with either saline (1 ml/kg/12h; p.o) or pinitol (20 mg/kg/12h; p.o). The renal function was evaluated by using metabolic cages, renal hemodynamic and tubular parameters measurements. Histological examination and evaluation of the protein expression of renal markers such as nephrin, TGFβ and pERK were also performed. Pinitol decreased by 50% the increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in both 8-week and 16 week diabetic rats. In addition, the glomerular volume of 16-week rats increased by 55% and this increase was blunted by pinitol. Remarkably, pressure-natriuresis was completely blunted in both 8 and 16-week diabetic rats but this impairment was prevented by pinitol in both treatment regimens. Pinitol ameliorated renal lesions and also prevented the decrease in nephrin expression and the increase of pERK and TGFβ expression in both diabetic groups. Natriuresis due to high renal perfusion pressure increased 7-fold in control animals but was blocked in 16-week diabetic rats and remarkably pinitol partially restored pressure natriuresis (3-fold increase in sodium excretion during pressure natriuresis). Pinitol prevents and ameliorates albuminuria, glomerular expansion, impairment of pressure-natriuresis, renal structural alterations and changes of renal markers and has the potential to be tested for the prevention of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gustavo Farias Sousa
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lôrrainy Umbelina Alves de Souza Cortez
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Curso de Nutrição, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Brazil
| | - Janaína Serra Azul Monteiro Evangelista
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Biggam Heimark
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Manassés Claudino Fonteles
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ferreira Santos
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nilberto Robson Falcão Nascimento
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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Effects of inositol on glucose homeostasis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:1146-1152. [PMID: 29980312 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The effect of inositol on glucose homeostasis is not well characterized. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to synthesize the effects of inositol on glucose homeostasis in different clinical conditions. METHODS We performed a systematic review (CRD42017057927) following PRISMA guidelines. Web of Science and Medline were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that addressed supplementation with compounds of the inositol family in humans and assessed their effects on glucose homeostasis. RESULTS We screened 476 abstracts and included 20 RCTs with a total of 1239 subjects. Meta-analysis showed in the treatment arm a reduction in fasting plasma glucose (Mean difference (MD) -0.44 mmol/l, 95% CI -0.65, -0.23), 2 h PG after 75 g OGTT (MD -0.69 mmol/l, 95% CI -1.14, -0.23), abnormal glucose tolerance (Relative risk (RR) 0.28, 95% CI 0.12, 0.66), fasting insulin (MD -38.49 pmol/l, 95% CI -52.63, -24.36), and HOMA-IR (MD -1.96 mmol × mUI/l, 95% CI -2.62, -1.30). No differences were observed in BMI, HbA1c and % of patients requiring insulin treatment. Sensitivity analysis did not change treatment estimates. Mention to adverse events was only present in 13 articles with no sign of seriousness. CONCLUSIONS Inositol supplementation decreases blood glucose through an improvement in insulin sensitivity that is independent of weight. Assessment of adverse effects is scarce among published trials and should be fully addressed before considering inositol as a therapeutic agent for glucose-related outcomes. The characterization of the subjects achieving benefit from the intervention and the formulations to be used should also be known.
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Moreira LN, Silva JF, Silva GC, Lemos VS, Cortes SF. Activation of eNOS by D-pinitol Induces an Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilatation in Mouse Mesenteric Artery. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:528. [PMID: 29872397 PMCID: PMC5972298 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
D-pinitol is a cyclitol present in several edible plant species and extensively investigated for the treatment of metabolic diseases in humans, as food supplement, and demonstrated protective effects in the cardiovascular system. For these reasons, the present work aimed at investigating the mechanisms involved in the vascular effects of D-pinitol in mouse mesenteric artery. Mesenteric arteries from male C57BL/6 mice were mounted in a wire myograph. Nitrite was measured by the 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) method. Protein expression and phosphorylation were measured by Western blot. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography. D-pinitol induced a concentration-dependent vasodilatation in endothelium-intact, but not in endothelium-denuded arteries. Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (300 μM) abolished the effect of D-pinitol, while 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; 10 μM) shifted the concentration-response curve to the right. KN-93 (1 μM) blunted the vasodilator effect of D-pinitol, but H-89 (0.1 μM) did not change it. 1-[2-(Trifluoromethyl) phenyl]imidazole (300 μM), indomethacin (10 μM), celecoxib (5 μM), wortmannin (1 μM), ruthenium red (10 μM), tiron (10 μM), MnTMPyP (30 μM), MPP (0.1 μM), PHTPP (0.1 μM), and atropine (1 μM) did not change the effect of D-pinitol. D-pinitol increased the concentration of nitrite, which was inhibited by L-NAME and calmidazolium (10 μM). D-pinitol increased the phosphorylation level of eNOS activation site at Ser1177 and reduced the phosphorylation level of its inactivation site at Thr495. In normotensive mice, the intraperitoneal administration of D-pinitol (10 mg/kg) induced a significant reduction of the SBP after 30 min. The present results led us to conclude that D-pinitol has an endothelium- and NO-dependent vasodilator effect in mouse mesenteric artery through a mechanism dependent on the activation of eNOS by the calcium-calmodulin complex, which can explain its hypotensive effect in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana N Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Josiane F Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Grazielle C Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Virgínia S Lemos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Steyner F Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Xu L, Li Y, Dai Y, Peng J. Natural products for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Pharmacology and mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:451-465. [PMID: 29395440 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have implied that diabetes mellitus (DM) will become an epidemic accompany with metabolic and endocrine disorders worldwide. Most of DM patients are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with insulin resistance and insulin secretion defect. Generally, the strategies to treat T2DM are diet control, moderate exercise, hypoglycemic and lipid-lowing agents. Despite the therapeutic benefits for the treatment of T2DM, most of the drugs can produce some undesirable side effects. Considering the pathogenesis of T2DM, natural products (NPs) have become the important resources of bioactive agents for anti-T2DM drug discovery. Recently, more and more natural components have been elucidated to possess anti-T2DM properties, and many efforts have been carried out to elucidate the possible mechanisms. The aim of this paper was to overview the activities and underlying mechanisms of NPs against T2DM. Developments of anti-T2DM agents will be greatly promoted with the increasing comprehensions of NPs for their multiple regulating effects on various targets and signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yan Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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25
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Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, López-Doménech S, Veses S, Víctor VM, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Effect of consumption of a carob pod inositol-enriched beverage on insulin sensitivity and inflammation in middle-aged prediabetic subjects. Food Funct 2018; 7:4379-4387. [PMID: 27713964 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of an inositol-enriched beverage (IEB) on blood glucose levels and inflammation status in subjects with an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) state according to body mass index (BMI). This was a 12 week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial employing forty-four IFG subjects (fasting glucose levels 100-125 mg dl-1) that were divided into two intervention groups: one receiving a IEB (n = 24) containing mainly pinitol (2.0 g twice a day), and the other a sweetened beverage based on sucrose (SB; n = 20). Anthropometric and biochemical measurements, postprandial and fasting nocturnal glycaemia (continuous glucose monitoring system), and inflammatory parameters (IL-6 and TNF-α) were analyzed at baseline and after intervention according to BMI (non-obese: BMI < 30 kg m-2 or obese: BMI ≥ 30 kg m-2). Non-obese subjects who consumed IEB exhibited a significant decrease in insulin (-14.4%), HOMA-IR index (-15.1%) and percentage of glucose change after postprandial and fasting nocturnal periods (-10.0% and -10.3%, respectively) compared with the SB group (-2.35% and 10.2%, respectively) although they did not show any change in inflammatory cytokine levels. By contrast, obese subjects who consumed IEB showed a smaller variation in glucose levels after nocturnal fasting (-4.34%) and a marked decrease in IL-6 and TNF-α (p < 0.05). These findings support that consumption of IEB in prediabetic subjects produces a response that is dependent on BMI, with a clear improvement of insulin resistance and postprandial and nocturnal glycemia in non-obese subjects and a marked anti-inflammatory response in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra López-Doménech
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Silvia Veses
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Víctor M Víctor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain and CIBER CB06/04/0071 research group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain and CIBER CB06/04/0071 research group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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de Morais Cardoso L, Pinheiro SS, Martino HSD, Pinheiro-Sant'Ana HM. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.): Nutrients, bioactive compounds, and potential impact on human health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:372-390. [PMID: 25875451 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.887057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum is the fifth most produced cereal in the world and is a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds for the human diet. We summarize the recent findings concerning the nutrients and bioactive compounds of sorghum and its potential impact on human health, analyzing the limitations and positive points of the studies and proposing directions for future research. Sorghum is basically composed of starch, which is more slowly digested than that of other cereals, has low digestibility proteins and unsaturated lipids, and is a source of some minerals and vitamins. Furthermore, most sorghum varieties are rich in phenolic compounds, especially 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and tannins. The results obtained in vitro and in animals have shown that phenolics compounds and fat soluble compounds (polycosanols) isolated from sorghum benefit the gut microbiota and parameters related to obesity, oxidative stress, inflammation, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cancer, and hypertension. The effects of whole sorghum and its fractions on human health need to be evaluated. In conclusion, sorghum is a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, especially 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, tannins, and polycosanols, which beneficially modulate, in vitro and in animals, parameters related to noncommunicable diseases. Studies should be conducted to evaluate the effects of different processing on protein and starch digestibility of sorghum as well as on the profile and bioavailability of its bioactive compounds, especially 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and tannins. Furthermore, the benefits resulting from the interaction of bioactive compounds in sorghum and human microbiota should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soraia Silva Pinheiro
- b Laboratory of Vitamins Analysis, Department of Nutrition and Health , Federal University of Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
- c Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Health , Federal University of Viçosa , Viçosa, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Helena Maria Pinheiro-Sant'Ana
- b Laboratory of Vitamins Analysis, Department of Nutrition and Health , Federal University of Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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Edwards CH, Rossi M, Corpe CP, Butterworth PJ, Ellis PR. The role of sugars and sweeteners in food, diet and health: Alternatives for the future. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Falcón R, Veses S, Monzó N, Víctor VM, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Chronic consumption of an inositol-enriched carob extract improves postprandial glycaemia and insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:600-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Hernández-Mijares A, Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Álvarez Á, Orden S, Rubio-Puchol O, Víctor VM, Rocha M. Chronic consumption of an inositol-enriched beverage ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Stefoska-Needham A, Beck EJ, Johnson SK, Tapsell LC. Sorghum: An Underutilized Cereal Whole Grain with the Potential to Assist in the Prevention of Chronic Disease. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2015.1022832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Taylor JR, Emmambux MN, Kruger J. Developments in modulating glycaemic response in starchy cereal foods. STARCH-STARKE 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201400192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R.N. Taylor
- Institute for Food; Nutrition and Well-being and Department of Food Science; University of Pretoria; South Africa
| | - M. Naushad Emmambux
- Institute for Food; Nutrition and Well-being and Department of Food Science; University of Pretoria; South Africa
| | - Johanita Kruger
- Institute for Food; Nutrition and Well-being and Department of Food Science; University of Pretoria; South Africa
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Hernández-Mijares A, Bañuls C, Peris JE, Monzó N, Jover A, Bellod L, Victor VM, Rocha M. A single acute dose of pinitol from a naturally-occurring food ingredient decreases hyperglycaemia and circulating insulin levels in healthy subjects. Food Chem 2013; 141:1267-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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