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Pietrucha A, Serdar M, Bendix I, Endesfelder S, Brinke EAD, Urkola A, Bührer C, Schmitz T, Scheuer T. Oxygen and HIF1α-dependent SDF1 expression in primary astrocytes. Dev Neurobiol 2024; 84:113-127. [PMID: 38544386 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In the naturally hypoxic in utero fetal environment of preterm infants, oxygen and oxygen-sensitive signaling pathways play an important role in brain development, with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) being an important regulator. Early exposure to nonphysiological high oxygen concentrations by birth in room can induce HIF1α degradation and may affect neuronal and glial development. This involves the dysregulation of astroglial maturation and function, which in turn might contribute to oxygen-induced brain injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of early high oxygen exposure on astroglial maturation and, specifically, on astroglial stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) expression in vivo and in vitro. In our neonatal mouse model of hyperoxia preterm birth brain injury in vivo, high oxygen exposure affected astroglial development and cortical SDF1 expression. These results were further supported by reduced Sdf1 expression, impaired proliferation, decreased total cell number, and altered expression of astroglial markers in astrocytes in primary cultures grown under high oxygen conditions. Moreover, to mimic the naturally hypoxic in utero fetal environment, astroglial Sdf1 expression was increased after low oxygen exposure in vitro, which appears to be regulated by HIF1α activity. Additionally, the knockdown of Hif1α revealed HIF1α-dependent Sdf1 expression in vitro. Our results indicate HIF1α and oxygen-dependent chemokine expression in primary astrocytes and highlight the importance of oxygen conditions for brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pietrucha
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meray Serdar
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology and Experimental perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology and Experimental perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Auf dem Brinke
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ane Urkola
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Scheuer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Song Y, Yang C. Mechanistic advances of hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30005. [PMID: 38694048 PMCID: PMC11058899 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of hyperoxia-induced brain injury in preterm infants is being increasingly investigated. However, the parameters and protocols used to study this condition in animal models lack consistency. Research is further hampered by the fact that hyperoxia exerts both direct and indirect effects on oligodendrocytes and neurons, with the precise underlying mechanisms remaining unclear. In this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the conditions used to induce hyperoxia in animal models of immature brain injury. We discuss what is known regarding the mechanisms underlying hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury, focusing on the effects on oligodendrocytes and neurons, and briefly describe therapies that may counteract the effects of hyperoxia. We also identify further studies required to fully elucidate the effects of hyperoxia on the immature brain as well as discuss the leading therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Changqiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
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Zaghloul N, Cohen NS, Ayasolla KR, Li HL, Kurepa D, Ahmed MN. Galantamine ameliorates hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal mice. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:890015. [PMID: 37424990 PMCID: PMC10323435 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.890015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prolonged oxygen therapy in preterm infants often leads to cognitive impairment. Hyperoxia leads to excess free radical production with subsequent neuroinflammation, astrogliosis, microgliosis and apoptosis. We hypothesized that Galantamine, an acetyl choline esterase inhibitor and an FDA approved treatment of Alzheimer's disease, will reduce hyperoxic brain injury in neonatal mice and will improve learning and memory. Methods Mouse pups at postnatal day 1 (P1) were placed in a hyperoxia chamber (FiO2 95%) for 7 days. Pups were injected IP daily with Galantamine (5 mg/kg/dose) or saline for 7 days. Results Hyperoxia caused significant neurodegeneration in cholinergic nuclei of the basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS), laterodorsal tegmental (LDT) nucleus and nucleus ambiguus (NA). Galantamine ameliorated this neuronal loss. Treated hyperoxic group showed a significant increase of choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) expression and a decrease of acetyl choline esterase activity, thus increasing acetyl choline levels in hyperoxia environment. Hyperoxia increased pro-inflammatory cytokines namely IL -1β, IL-6 and TNF α, HMGB1, NF-κB activation. Galantamine showed its potent anti- inflammatory effect, by blunting cytokines surges among treated group. Treatment with Galantamine increased myelination while reducing apoptosis, microgliosis, astrogliosis and ROS production. Long term neurobehavioral outcomes at P60 showed improved locomotor activity, coordination, learning and memory, along with increased hippocampal volumes on MRI with Galantamine treated versus non treated hyperoxia group. Conclusion Together our findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for Galantamine in attenuating hyperoxia-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Zaghloul
- Steele Children's Research Center, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Naomi S. Cohen
- Neonatology Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | | | - Hsiu-Ling Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY-Downstate Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dalibor Kurepa
- Neonatology Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Mohamed N. Ahmed
- Steele Children's Research Center, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Xuan C, Cui H, Jin Z, Yue Y, Cao S, Cui S, Xu D. Glutamine ameliorates hyperoxia-induced hippocampal damage by attenuating inflammation and apoptosis via the MKP-1/MAPK signaling pathway in neonatal rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1096309. [PMID: 36817145 PMCID: PMC9932780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1096309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamine (Gln) is an immunomodulatory protein that mediates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, but has not been reported in the treatment of hyperoxia (Hyp)-induced brain injury. The aim of this study was to determine whether Gln could improve hyp-induced brain injury in neonatal rats to and later learning and memory dysfunction, and to explore its possible mechanisms. We prepared a model of neonatal rat brain injury caused by normobaric hyperoxia while administered with Gln for 7 days for evaluation. Learning memory function was assessed with the Morris water maze test. Histological analysis, protein expression analysis, oxidative stress and inflammation level analysis were performed using hippocampal tissue. Gln treatment significantly reduced brain tissue water content, oxidative stress levels, microglia activation and inflammatory factor expression, and attenuated tissue damage and apoptosis in the hippocampal region. Gln ameliorates hyp-induced learning, memory impairment in neonatal rats in water maze test. It also increased MKP-1 protein expression and decreased p-p38, p-ERK and p-JNK. Therefore, it is hypothesized that Gln may exert neuroprotective effects by increasing MKP-1 expression to negatively regulate MAPK signaling, with potential cognitive improvement in hyp-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chouhui Xuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Haixia Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengyong Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yuyang Yue
- Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Shuxia Cao
- Department of Center of Morphological Experiment, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Songbiao Cui
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Songbiao Cui, ; Dongyuan Xu,
| | - Dongyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China,*Correspondence: Songbiao Cui, ; Dongyuan Xu,
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Lin M, Stewart MT, Zefi S, Mateti KV, Gauthier A, Sharma B, Martinez LR, Ashby CR, Mantell LL. Dual effects of supplemental oxygen on pulmonary infection, inflammatory lung injury, and neuromodulation in aging and COVID-19. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:247-263. [PMID: 35964839 PMCID: PMC9367207 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown a significant positive correlation between age and the likelihood of being infected with SARS-CoV-2. This increased susceptibility is positively correlated with chronic inflammation and compromised neurocognitive functions. Postmortem analyses suggest that acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with systemic and lung hyperinflammation, can cause significant morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Supraphysiological supplemental oxygen, also known as hyperoxia, is commonly used to treat decreased blood oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients. However, prolonged exposure to hyperoxia alone can cause oxygen toxicity, due to an excessive increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can overwhelm the cellular antioxidant capacity. Subsequently, this causes oxidative cellular damage and increased levels of aging biomarkers, such as telomere shortening and inflammaging. The oxidative stress in the lungs and brain can compromise innate immunity, resulting in an increased susceptibility to secondary lung infections, impaired neurocognitive functions, and dysregulated hyperinflammation, which can lead to ALI/ARDS, and even death. Studies indicate that lung inflammation is regulated by the central nervous system, notably, the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP), which is innervated by the vagus nerve and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) on lung cells, particularly lung macrophages. The activation of α7nAChRs attenuates oxygen toxicity in the lungs and improves clinical outcomes by restoring hyperoxia-compromised innate immunity. Mechanistically, α7nAChR agonist (e.g., GAT 107 and GTS-21) can regulate redox signaling by 1) activating Nrf2, a master regulator of the antioxidant response and a cytoprotective defense system, which can decrease cellular damage caused by ROS and 2) inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. Notably, GTS-21 has been shown to be safe and it improves neurocognitive functions in humans. Therefore, targeting the α7nAChR may represent a viable therapeutic approach for attenuating dysregulated hyperinflammation-mediated ARDS and sepsis in COVID-19 patients receiving prolonged oxygen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Maleka T Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Sidorela Zefi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Kranthi Venkat Mateti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Alex Gauthier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Bharti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Lauren R Martinez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Lin L Mantell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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Machado RS, Tenfen L, Joaquim L, Lanzzarin EVR, Bernardes GC, Bonfante SR, Mathias K, Biehl E, Bagio É, Stork SDS, Denicol T, de Oliveira MP, da Silva MR, Danielski LG, de Quadros RW, Rezin GT, Terra SR, Balsini JN, Gava FF, Petronilho F. Hyperoxia by short-term promotes oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2022; 306:103963. [PMID: 36041716 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) therapy is used as a therapeutic protocol to prevent or treat hypoxia. However, a high inspired fraction of O2 (FIO2) promotes hyperoxia, a harmful condition for the central nervous system (CNS). The present study evaluated parameters of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain of rats exposed to different FIO2. Male Wistar rats were exposed to hyperoxia (FIO2 40 % and 60 %) compared to the control group (FIO2 21 %) for 2 h. Oxidative stress, neutrophilic infiltration, and mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes were determined in the hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum, cortex, and prefrontal cortex after O2 exposure. The animals exposed to hyperoxia showed increased lipid peroxidation, formation of carbonyl proteins, N/N concentration, and neutrophilic infiltration in some brain regions, like hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum being the most affected. Furthermore, CAT activity and activity of mitochondrial enzyme complexes were also altered after exposure to hyperoxia. Rats exposed to hyperoxia showed increase in oxidative stress parameters and mitochondrial dysfunction in brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Tenfen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Everton Venicius Rosa Lanzzarin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Costa Bernardes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Bonfante
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Erica Biehl
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Érick Bagio
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Solange de Souza Stork
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Tais Denicol
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pacheco de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia Resende Terra
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jairo Nunes Balsini
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Frederico Gava
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil.
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Harris SA, George AG, Barrett KT, Scantlebury MH, Teskey GC. Febrile seizures lead to prolonged epileptiform activity and hyperoxia that when blocked prevents learning deficits. Epilepsia 2022; 63:2650-2663. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.17371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney A. Harris
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Antis G. George
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Karlene T. Barrett
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Morris H. Scantlebury
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - G. Campbell Teskey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
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In Vivo Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Neutrophil Functions and Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase as Inflammatory Markers during Experimental Sepsis in Rats. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8274903. [PMID: 30804708 PMCID: PMC6360579 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8274903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies have shown that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) may serve as important diagnostic and therapeutic targets in sepsis. Since polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a pivotal role in the early phase of sepsis, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on PMN functions during cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced sepsis and investigated the roles of AChE and BChE as inflammatory markers under standardized experimental conditions. Methods Sham surgery or CLP was performed in male Wistar rats (n = 60). Animals were randomized into four groups: physostigmine, 100 μg/kg; neostigmine, 75 μg/kg; 0.9% saline (control group); and sham group, each applied four times over 24 h. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and CD11b/CD62l expression were quantified by flow cytometry at t = 0, 6, 15, 20, and 24 h. Blood gas analysis as well as AChE and BChE activity levels was measured by validated point-of-care measurements. Clinical scores and survival times were determined. Results CLP induced a significant increase in ROS production and CD11b upregulation by rat PMNs. Treatment with physostigmine or neostigmine significantly reduced ROS production and CD11b upregulation by PMNs 20 h after CLP induction. In physostigmine-treated animals, survival times were significantly improved compared to the control animals, but not in neostigmine-treated animals. While AChE activity significantly decreased in the control animals at t > 6 h, AChE activity did not change in the sham group. BChE activity decreased at t > 20 h in the control animals. Conclusion While AChE activity may serve as an acute inflammatory marker, BChE activity shows a delayed decrease. Administration of centrally acting physostigmine in CLP-induced sepsis in rats has protective effects on PMN functions and improves survival times, which may be of interest in clinical practice.
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Adverse neuropsychiatric development following perinatal brain injury: from a preclinical perspective. Pediatr Res 2019; 85:198-215. [PMID: 30367160 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in young children. Recent advances in obstetrics, reproductive medicine and neonatal intensive care have resulted in significantly higher survival rates of preterm or sick born neonates, at the price of increased prevalence of neurological, behavioural and psychiatric problems in later life. Therefore, the current focus of experimental research shifts from immediate injury processes to the consequences for brain function in later life. The aetiology of perinatal brain injury is multi-factorial involving maternal and also labour-associated factors, including not only placental insufficiency and hypoxia-ischaemia but also exposure to high oxygen concentrations, maternal infection yielding excess inflammation, genetic factors and stress as important players, all of them associated with adverse long-term neurological outcome. Several animal models addressing these noxious stimuli have been established in the past to unravel the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of altered brain development. In spite of substantial efforts to investigate short-term consequences, preclinical evaluation of the long-term sequelae for the development of cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders have rarely been addressed. This review will summarise and discuss not only current evidence but also requirements for experimental research providing a causal link between insults to the developing brain and long-lasting neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Goren B, Cakir A, Sevinc C, Serter Kocoglu S, Ocalan B, Oy C, Minbay Z, Kahveci N, Alkan T, Cansev M. Uridine treatment protects against neonatal brain damage and long-term cognitive deficits caused by hyperoxia. Brain Res 2017; 1676:57-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Endesfelder S, Makki H, von Haefen C, Spies CD, Bührer C, Sifringer M. Neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine against hyperoxia-induced injury in the developing rat brain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171498. [PMID: 28158247 PMCID: PMC5291450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective agonist of α2-receptors with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties. Neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine have been reported in various brain injury models. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine on hippocampal neurogenesis, specifically the proliferation capacity and maturation of neurons and neuronal plasticity following the induction of hyperoxia in neonatal rats. Six-day old sex-matched Wistar rats were exposed to 80% oxygen or room air for 24 h and treated with 1, 5 or 10 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine or normal saline. A single pretreatment with DEX attenuated the hyperoxia-induced injury in terms of neurogenesis and plasticity. In detail, both the proliferation capacity (PCNA+ cells) as well as the expression of neuronal markers (Nestin+, PSA-NCAM+, NeuN+ cells) and transcription factors (SOX2, Tbr1/2, Prox1) were significantly reduced under hyperoxia compared to control. Furthermore, regulators of neuronal plasticity (Nrp1, Nrg1, Syp, and Sema3a/f) were also drastically decreased. A single administration of dexmedetomidine prior to oxygen exposure resulted in a significant up-regulation of expression-profiles compared to hyperoxia. Our results suggest that dexmedetomidine may have neuroprotective effects in an acute hyperoxic model of the neonatal rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanan Makki
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clarissa von Haefen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia D Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marco Sifringer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Neuroprotection and neurotoxicity in the developing brain: an update on the effects of dexmedetomidine and xenon. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 60:102-116. [PMID: 28065636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing and consistent preclinical evidence, combined with early clinical epidemiological observations, suggest potentially neurotoxic effects of commonly used anesthetic agents in the developing brain. This has prompted the FDA to issue a safety warning for all sedatives and anesthetics approved for use in children under three years of age. Recent studies have identified dexmedetomidine, the potent α2-adrenoceptor agonist, and xenon, the noble gas, as effective anesthetic adjuvants that are both less neurotoxic to the developing brain, and also possess neuroprotective properties in neonatal and other settings of acute ongoing neurologic injury. Dexmedetomidine and xenon are effective anesthetic adjuvants that appear to be less neurotoxic than other existing agents and have the potential to be neuroprotective in the neonatal and pediatric settings. Although results from recent clinical trials and case reports have indicated the neuroprotective potential of xenon and dexmedetomidine, additional randomized clinical trials corroborating these studies are necessary. By reviewing both the existing preclinical and clinical evidence on the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine and xenon, we hope to provide insight into the potential clinical efficacy of these agents in the management of pediatric surgical patients.
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Bitzinger DI, Gruber M, Tümmler S, Michels B, Bundscherer A, Hopf S, Trabold B, Graf BM, Zausig YA. Species- and concentration-dependent differences of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase sensitivity to physostigmine and neostigmine. Neuropharmacology 2016; 109:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Erythropoietin Restores Long-Term Neurocognitive Function Involving Mechanisms of Neuronal Plasticity in a Model of Hyperoxia-Induced Preterm Brain Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9247493. [PMID: 27493706 PMCID: PMC4963567 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9247493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral white and grey matter injury is the leading cause of an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in prematurely born infants. High oxygen concentrations have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of neonatal brain damage. Here, we focused on motor-cognitive outcome up to the adolescent and adult age in an experimental model of preterm brain injury. In search of the putative mechanisms of action we evaluated oligodendrocyte degeneration, myelination, and modulation of synaptic plasticity-related molecules. A single dose of erythropoietin (20,000 IU/kg) at the onset of hyperoxia (24 hours, 80% oxygen) in 6-day-old Wistar rats improved long-lasting neurocognitive development up to the adolescent and adult stage. Analysis of white matter structures revealed a reduction of acute oligodendrocyte degeneration. However, erythropoietin did not influence hypomyelination occurring a few days after injury or long-term microstructural white matter abnormalities detected in adult animals. Erythropoietin administration reverted hyperoxia-induced reduction of neuronal plasticity-related mRNA expression up to four months after injury. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of erythropoietin as a neuroregenerative treatment option in neonatal brain injury, leading to improved memory function in adolescent and adult rats which may be linked to increased neuronal network connectivity.
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Serdar M, Herz J, Kempe K, Lumpe K, Reinboth BS, Sizonenko SV, Hou X, Herrmann R, Hadamitzky M, Heumann R, Hansen W, Sifringer M, van de Looij Y, Felderhoff-Müser U, Bendix I. Fingolimod protects against neonatal white matter damage and long-term cognitive deficits caused by hyperoxia. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 52:106-119. [PMID: 26456693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral white matter injury is a leading cause of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in prematurely born infants involving cognitive deficits in later life. Despite increasing knowledge about the pathophysiology of perinatal brain injury, therapeutic options are limited. In the adult demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulating substance fingolimod (FTY720) has beneficial effects. Herein, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of FTY720 in a neonatal model of oxygen-toxicity, which is associated with hypomyelination and impaired neuro-cognitive outcome. A single dose of FTY720 (1mg/kg) at the onset of neonatal hyperoxia (24h 80% oxygen on postnatal day 6) resulted in improvement of neuro-cognitive development persisting into adulthood. This was associated with reduced microstructural white matter abnormalities 4 months after the insult. In search of the underlying mechanisms potential non-classical (i.e. lymphocyte-independent) pathways were analysed shortly after the insult, comprising modulation of oxidative stress and local inflammatory responses as well as myelination, oligodendrocyte degeneration and maturation. Treatment with FTY720 reduced hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress, microglia activation and associated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In vivo and in vitro analyses further revealed that oxygen-induced hypomyelination is restored to control levels, which was accompanied by reduced oligodendrocyte degeneration and enhanced maturation. Furthermore, hyperoxia-induced elevation of S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) protein expression on in vitro cultured oligodendrocyte precursor cells was reduced by activated FTY720 and protection from degeneration is abrogated after selective S1P1 blockade. Finally, FTY720s' classical mode of action (i.e. retention of immune cells within peripheral lymphoid organs) was analysed demonstrating that FTY720 diminished circulating lymphocyte counts independent from hyperoxia. Cerebral immune cell counts remained unchanged by hyperoxia and by FTY720 treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that beneficial effects of FTY720 in neonatal oxygen-induced brain injury may be rather attributed to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity acting in concert with a direct protection of developing oligodendrocytes than to a modulation of peripheral lymphocyte trafficking. Thus, FTY720 might be a potential new therapeutic option for the treatment of neonatal brain injury through reduction of white matter damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meray Serdar
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Josephine Herz
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karina Kempe
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina Lumpe
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Barbara S Reinboth
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Xinlin Hou
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf Herrmann
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Hadamitzky
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolf Heumann
- Molecular Neurochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marco Sifringer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yohan van de Looij
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland; Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Felderhoff-Müser
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics 1 - Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Aeinehband S, Lindblom RPF, Al Nimer F, Vijayaraghavan S, Sandholm K, Khademi M, Olsson T, Nilsson B, Ekdahl KN, Darreh-Shori T, Piehl F. Complement component C3 and butyrylcholinesterase activity are associated with neurodegeneration and clinical disability in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122048. [PMID: 25835709 PMCID: PMC4383591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the complement system is evident in many CNS diseases but mechanisms regulating complement activation in the CNS remain unclear. In a recent large rat genome-wide expression profiling and linkage analysis we found co-regulation of complement C3 immediately downstream of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), an enzyme hydrolyzing acetylcholine (ACh), a classical neurotransmitter with immunoregulatory effects. We here determined levels of neurofilament-light (NFL), a marker for ongoing nerve injury, C3 and activity of the two main ACh hydrolyzing enzymes, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and BuChE, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with MS (n = 48) and non-inflammatory controls (n = 18). C3 levels were elevated in MS patients compared to controls and correlated both to disability and NFL. C3 levels were not induced by relapses, but were increased in patients with ≥9 cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging and in patients with progressive disease. BuChE activity did not differ at the group level, but was correlated to both C3 and NFL levels in individual samples. In conclusion, we show that CSF C3 correlates both to a marker for ongoing nerve injury and degree of disease disability. Moreover, our results also suggest a potential link between intrathecal cholinergic activity and complement activation. These results motivate further efforts directed at elucidating the regulation and effector functions of the complement system in MS, and its relation to cholinergic tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Aeinehband
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Rickard P. F. Lindblom
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Faiez Al Nimer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Swetha Vijayaraghavan
- Division of Alzheimer Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mohsen Khademi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristina Nilsson Ekdahl
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Natural Sciences, Linnæus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Taher Darreh-Shori
- Division of Alzheimer Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Neuroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine on hyperoxia-induced toxicity in the neonatal rat brain. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:530371. [PMID: 25653737 PMCID: PMC4310240 DOI: 10.1155/2015/530371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective agonist of α2-receptors with sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, and anesthetic properties. Neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine have been reported in various brain injury models. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine on neurodegeneration, oxidative stress markers, and inflammation following the induction of hyperoxia in neonatal rats. Six-day-old Wistar rats received different concentrations of dexmedetomidine (1, 5, or 10 µg/kg bodyweight) and were exposed to 80% oxygen for 24 h. Sex-matched littermates kept in room air and injected with normal saline or dexmedetomidine served as controls. Dexmedetomidine pretreatment significantly reduced hyperoxia-induced neurodegeneration in different brain regions of the neonatal rat. In addition, dexmedetomidine restored the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio and attenuated the levels of malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation, after exposure to high oxygen concentration. Moreover, administration of dexmedetomidine induced downregulation of IL-1β on mRNA and protein level in the developing rat brain. Dexmedetomidine provides protections against toxic oxygen induced neonatal brain injury which is likely associated with oxidative stress signaling and inflammatory cytokines. Our results suggest that dexmedetomidine may have a therapeutic potential since oxygen administration to neonates is sometimes inevitable.
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Study of the effect of antidepressant drugs and donepezil on aluminum-induced memory impairment and biochemical alterations in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-014-1994-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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20
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Özyurt H, Özden AS, Çevik Ö, Özgen Z, Cadirci S, Elmas MA, Ercan F, Şener G, Gören MZ. Investigation into the role of the cholinergic system in radiation-induced damage in the rat liver and ileum. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2014; 55:866-75. [PMID: 24914105 PMCID: PMC4202297 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rru039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously shown that acetylcholine (ACh) may affect pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The role of the cholinergic system in radiation-induced inflammatory responses and tissue damage remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the radio-protective properties of the cholinergic system in the ileum and the liver of rats. Rats were exposed to 8-Gy single-fraction whole-abdominal irradiation and were then decapitated at either 36 h or 10 d post-irradiation. The rats were treated either with intraperitoneal physiological saline (1 ml/kg), physostigmine (80 µg/kg) or atropine (50 μg/kg) twice daily for 36 h or 10 d. Cardiac blood samples and liver and ileal tissues were obtained in which TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 levels were assayed using ELISA. In the liver and ileal homogenates, caspase-3 immunoblots were performed and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was analyzed. Plasma levels of IL-1β and TNF-α increased significantly following radiation (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) as compared with non-irradiated controls, and physostigmine treatment prevented the increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Plasma IL-10 levels were not found to be significantly changed following radiation, whereas physostigmine augmented IL-10 levels during the late phase (P < 0.01). In the liver and ileum homogenates, IL-1β and TNF-α levels were also elevated following radiation, and this effect was inhibited by physostigmine treatment but not by atropine. Similarly, physostigmine also reversed the changes in MPO activity and in the caspase-3 levels in the liver and ileum. Histological examination revealed related changes. Physostigmine experiments suggested that ACh has a radio-protective effect not involving the muscarinic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazan Özyurt
- Dr Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Radiation Oncology, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Sevgi Özden
- Dr Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Radiation Oncology, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Cumhuriyet University School of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Özgen
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Radiation Oncology, Üst Kaynarca, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Cadirci
- Marmara University School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Açıkel Elmas
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Başıbüyük Health Campus, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Başıbüyük, Maltepe, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Başıbüyük Health Campus, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Başıbüyük, Maltepe, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Göksel Şener
- Marmara University School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Z Gören
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Başıbüyük Health Campus, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Başıbüyük, Maltepe, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Bendix I, Serdar M, Herz J, von Haefen C, Nasser F, Rohrer B, Endesfelder S, Felderhoff-Mueser U, Spies CD, Sifringer M. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase modulates NMDA receptor antagonist mediated alterations in the developing brain. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:3784-98. [PMID: 24595240 PMCID: PMC3975367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15033784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists has been demonstrated to induce neurodegeneration in newborn rats. However, in clinical practice the use of NMDA receptor antagonists as anesthetics and sedatives cannot always be avoided. The present study investigated the effect of the indirect cholinergic agonist physostigmine on neurotrophin expression and the extracellular matrix during NMDA receptor antagonist induced injury to the immature rat brain. The aim was to investigate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity, as well as expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) after co-administration of the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK801 (dizocilpine) and the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor physostigmine. The AChE inhibitor physostigmine ameliorated the MK801-induced reduction of BDNF mRNA and protein levels, reduced MK801-triggered MMP-2 activity and prevented decreased TIMP-2 mRNA expression. Our results indicate that AChE inhibition may prevent newborn rats from MK801-mediated brain damage by enhancing neurotrophin-associated signaling pathways and by modulating the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen 45122, Germany.
| | - Meray Serdar
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen 45122, Germany.
| | - Josephine Herz
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen 45122, Germany.
| | - Clarissa von Haefen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Fatme Nasser
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Rohrer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | | | - Claudia D Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Marco Sifringer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
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