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Rolle CE, Ng GY, Nho YH, Barbosa DAN, Shivacharan RS, Gold JI, Bassett DS, Halpern CH, Buch V. Accumbens connectivity during deep-brain stimulation differentiates loss of control from physiologic behavioral states. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:1384-1391. [PMID: 37734587 PMCID: PMC10811591 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of control (LOC) eating, the subjective sense that one cannot control what or how much one eats, characterizes binge-eating behaviors pervasive in obesity and related eating disorders. Closed-loop deep-brain stimulation (DBS) for binge eating should predict LOC and trigger an appropriately timed intervention. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS This study aimed to identify a sensitive and specific biomarker to detect LOC onset for DBS. We hypothesized that changes in phase-locking value (PLV) predict the onset of LOC-associated cravings and distinguish them from potential confounding states. METHODS Using DBS data recorded from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of two patients with binge eating disorder (BED) and severe obesity, we compared PLV between inter- and intra-hemispheric NAc subregions for three behavioral conditions: craving (associated with LOC eating), hunger (not associated with LOC), and sleep. RESULTS In both patients, PLV in the high gamma frequency band was significantly higher for craving compared to sleep and significantly higher for hunger compared to craving. Maximum likelihood classifiers achieved accuracies above 88% when differentiating between the three conditions. CONCLUSIONS High-frequency inter- and intra-hemispheric PLV in the NAc is a promising biomarker for closed-loop DBS that differentiates LOC-associated cravings from physiologic states such as hunger and sleep. Future trials should assess PLV as a LOC biomarker across a larger cohort and a wider patient population transdiagnostically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camarin E Rolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Grace Y Ng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Young-Hoon Nho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A N Barbosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajat S Shivacharan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road Office 245C, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Joshua I Gold
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Richards D407, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Departments of Bioengineering, Physics and Astronomy, Electrical and Systems Engineering, Neurology, and Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd St, Skirkanich Hall 240, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Casey H Halpern
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vivek Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road Office 245C, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
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Ehlers CL, Wills D, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Phillips E, Kim C, Gilder DA. Event-related Oscillations to Emotional Faces are Related to a History of Internalizing Disorders. Clin EEG Neurosci 2023; 54:420-433. [PMID: 35379012 PMCID: PMC9681067 DOI: 10.1177/15500594221088258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Event-related oscillations (EROs) may represent sensitive biomarkers or endophenotypes for disorders that underlie risk behaviors such as suicidal thoughts and actions. In this study, young adults of American Indian (AI) (n = 821) and Mexican American (MA) (n = 721) ancestry (age 18-30 yrs) were clinically assessed for internalizing and externalizing disorders, and an internalizing scale was generated by extracting core diagnostic items from 6 lifetime DSM5-compatible diagnoses (social phobia, panic disorder, agoraphobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive episode) and symptoms of suicidality. EROs were generated to sad, happy and neutral faces, and energy and phase locking of delta ERO oscillations were assessed in frontal areas. An increase in delta ERO energy was found in the frontal lead (FZ) following presentation of the sad facial expressions in those with a history of 10 or more internalizing symptoms compared to those with no symptoms. Increases in delta ERO energy in FZ were also associated with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD), but not with anxiety disorders or antisocial personality disorder/conduct disorders (ASP). Major depression was also associated with increases in cross-cortical phase-locking (FZ-PZ). A decrease in the percentage of correctly identified neutral faces also was seen among those with 10 or more internalizing symptoms compared to those without internalizing symptoms, and in those with anxiety disorders, but not in those with ASP or MDD as compared to their controls. These findings suggest ERO measures may represent important potential biomarkers of depressive disorders as well as risk indicators for suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Derek Wills
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Evelyn Phillips
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Corrine Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David A Gilder
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Cautionary Observations Concerning the Introduction of Psychophysiological Biomarkers into Neuropsychiatric Practice. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of statistical learning technologies with large databases of psychophysiological data has appropriately generated enthusiastic interest in future clinical applicability. It is argued here that this enthusiasm should be tempered with the understanding that significant obstacles must be overcome before the systematic introduction of psychophysiological measures into neuropsychiatric practice becomes possible. The objective of this study is to identify challenges to this effort. The nonspecificity of psychophysiological measures complicates their use in diagnosis. Low test-retest reliability complicates use in longitudinal assessment, and quantitative psychophysiological measures can normalize in response to placebo intervention. Ten cautionary observations are introduced and, in some instances, possible directions for remediation are suggested.
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Cavanagh JF, Olguin S, Talledo JA, Kotz JE, Roberts BZ, Nungaray JA, Sprock J, Gregg D, Bhakta SG, Light GA, Swerdlow NR, Young JW, Brigman JL. Amphetamine alters an EEG marker of reward processing in humans and mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:923-933. [PMID: 35132440 PMCID: PMC8891070 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The bench-to-bedside development of pro-cognitive therapeutics for psychiatric disorders has been mired by translational failures. This is, in part, due to the absence of pharmacologically sensitive cognitive biomarkers common to humans and rodents. Here, we describe a cross-species translational marker of reward processing that is sensitive to the aminergic agonist, d-amphetamine. Motivated by human electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, we recently reported that frontal midline delta-band power is an electrophysiological biomarker of reward surprise in humans and in mice. In the current series of experiments, we determined the impact of parametric doses of d-amphetamine on this reward-related EEG response from humans (n = 23) and mice (n = 28) performing a probabilistic learning task. In humans, d-amphetamine (placebo, 10 mg, 20 mg) boosted the Reward Positivity event-related potential (ERP) component as well as the spectral delta-band representations of this signal. In mice, d-amphetamine (placebo, 0.1 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg) boosted both reward and punishment ERP features, yet there was no modulation of spectral activities. In sum, the present results confirm the role of dopamine in the generation of the Reward Positivity in humans, and pave the way toward a pharmacologically valid biomarker of reward sensitivity across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F. Cavanagh
- Psychology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87131
| | - Sarah Olguin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87131
| | - Jo A Talledo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Juliana E. Kotz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Benjamin Z. Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - John A Nungaray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093.,Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161
| | - David Gregg
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87131
| | - Savita G. Bhakta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Gregory A. Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093.,Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161
| | - Neal R. Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Jared W. Young
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093.,Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161
| | - Jonathan L. Brigman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87131
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Amodeo LR, Jennings SD, Mulholland PJ, Ehlers CL. Chronic intermittent ethanol during adolescence and adulthood alters dendritic spines in the primary motor and visual cortex in rats. Alcohol 2021; 97:67-74. [PMID: 34626787 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged adolescent binge drinking can disrupt sleep quality and increase the likelihood of alcohol-induced sleep disruptions in young adulthood in rodents and in humans. Striking changes in spine density and morphology have been seen in many cortical and subcortical regions after adolescent alcohol exposure in rats. However, there is little known about the impact of alcohol exposure on dendritic spines in the same motor and sensory cortices that EEG sleep is typically recorded from in rats. The aim of this study is to investigate whether an established model of chronic intermittent ethanol vapor in rats that has been demonstrated to disrupt sleep during adolescence or adulthood, also significantly alters cortical dendritic spine density and morphology. To this end, adolescent and adult Wistar rats were exposed to 5 weeks of ethanol vapor or control air exposure. After a 13-day withdrawal, primary motor cortex (M1) and primary/secondary visual cortex (V1/V2) layer V dendrites were analyzed for differences in spine density and morphology. Spines were classified into four categories (stubby, long, filopodia, and mushroom) based on the spine length and the width of the spine head and neck. The main results indicate an age-specific effect of adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure decreasing spine density in the M1 cortex compared to age-matched controls. Reductions in the density of M1 long-shaped spine subclassifications were seen in adolescent ethanol-exposed rats, but not adult-exposed rats, compared to their air-controls. Irrespective of age, there was an overall reduction produced by ethanol exposure on the density of filopodia and the length of long-shaped spines in V1/V2 cortex as compared to their air-exposed controls. Together, these data add to growing evidence that some cortical circuits are vulnerable to the effects of alcohol during adolescence and begin to elucidate potential mechanisms that may influence brain plasticity following early alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie R Amodeo
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Bernardino, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, United States
| | - Sarah D Jennings
- Department of Neuroscience, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States
| | - Patrick J Mulholland
- Department of Neuroscience, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, United States.
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6
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Cavanagh JF, Gregg D, Light GA, Olguin SL, Sharp RF, Bismark AW, Bhakta SG, Swerdlow NR, Brigman JL, Young JW. Electrophysiological biomarkers of behavioral dimensions from cross-species paradigms. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:482. [PMID: 34535625 PMCID: PMC8448772 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01562-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a fundamental failure to translate preclinically supported research into clinically efficacious treatments for psychiatric disorders. One of the greatest impediments toward improving this species gap has been the difficulty of identifying translatable neurophysiological signals that are related to specific behavioral constructs. Here, we present evidence from three paradigms that were completed by humans and mice using analogous procedures, with each task eliciting candidate a priori defined electrophysiological signals underlying effortful motivation, reinforcement learning, and cognitive control. The effortful motivation was assessed using a progressive ratio breakpoint task, yielding a similar decrease in alpha-band activity over time in both species. Reinforcement learning was assessed via feedback in a probabilistic learning task with delta power significantly modulated by reward surprise in both species. Additionally, cognitive control was assessed in the five-choice continuous performance task, yielding response-locked theta power seen across species, and modulated by difficulty in humans. Together, these successes, and also the teachings from these failures, provide a roadmap towards the use of electrophysiology as a method for translating findings from the preclinical assays to the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F. Cavanagh
- grid.266832.b0000 0001 2188 8502Psychology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA
| | - David Gregg
- grid.266832.b0000 0001 2188 8502Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Gregory A. Light
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804 USA ,grid.410371.00000 0004 0419 2708VISN-22 Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Sarah L. Olguin
- grid.266832.b0000 0001 2188 8502Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Richard F. Sharp
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804 USA
| | - Andrew W. Bismark
- grid.410371.00000 0004 0419 2708VISN-22 Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Savita G. Bhakta
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804 USA
| | - Neal R. Swerdlow
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804 USA
| | - Jonathan L. Brigman
- grid.266832.b0000 0001 2188 8502Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Jared W. Young
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804 USA ,grid.410371.00000 0004 0419 2708VISN-22 Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA USA
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7
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Côté V, Knoth IS, Agbogba K, Vannasing P, Côté L, Major P, Michaud JL, Barlaam F, Lippé S. Differential auditory brain response abnormalities in two intellectual disability conditions: SYNGAP1 mutations and Down syndrome. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:1802-1812. [PMID: 34130248 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Altered sensory processing is common in intellectual disability (ID). Here, we study electroencephalographic responses to auditory stimulation in human subjects presenting a rare condition (mutations in SYNGAP1) which causes ID, epilepsy and autism. METHODS Auditory evoked potentials, time-frequency and inter-trial coherence analyses were used to compare subjects with SYNGAP1 mutations with Down syndrome (DS) and neurotypical (NT) participants (N = 61 ranging from three to 19 years of age). RESULTS Altered synchronization in the brain responses to sound were found in both ID groups. The SYNGAP1 mutations group showed less phase-locking in early time windows and lower frequency bands compared to NT, and in later time windows compared to NT and DS. Time-frequency analysis showed more power in beta-gamma in the SYNGAP1 group compared to NT participants. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated reduced synchronization as well as more high frequencies power in SYNGAP1 mutations, while maintained synchronization was found in the DS group. These results might reflect dysfunctional sensory information processing caused by excitation/inhibition imbalance, or an imperfect compensatory mechanism in SYNGAP1 mutations individuals. SIGNIFICANCE Our study is the first to reveal brain response abnormalities in auditory sensory processing in SYNGAP1 mutations individuals, that are distinct from DS, another ID condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Côté
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Inga S Knoth
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Lucie Côté
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Major
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Neurosciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Neurosciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fanny Barlaam
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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8
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M PH, M HG, R M HA, M A G, C AG, I K SC. Multiparity decreases the effect of distractor stimuli on a working memory task: An EEG study. Soc Neurosci 2021; 16:277-288. [PMID: 33686923 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2021.1899048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Parity modulates the way in which women respond to infant's affective cues. It is known that the cognitive processing of mothers is affected by a baby crying; however, little information is available regarding the effect of reproductive and caregiving experience on efficiency in managing babies' emotional stimuli while other tasks are being attended. This study characterized the affective score, cognitive performance, and electroencephalographic correlation (rEEG) between prefrontal and parietal cortices in first- (FM) and second-time mothers (SM) while solving a working memory task (vsWM) and simultaneously listening to either an emotional or neutral distractor stimulus. During the vsWM-baby crying condition, both groups reported higher arousal. However, SM reported a lower valence and FM lower dominance. In the vsWM-baby crying condition did SM need less time to solve the cognitive task and present a decreased rEEG between prefrontal areas, and between left prefrontal and parietal areas, though an increased rEEG between parietal areas was observed while listening to both distractor stimuli during performance of the vsWM task. These degrees of cortical synchronization could constitute a cerebral mechanism required to achieve better information maintenance and enhance suppression of distractor effects, which allow the SM women to solve the vsWM task more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pérez-Hernández M
- Departamento de Fundamentos del Conocimiento, Centro Universitario Del Norte, Universidad De Guadalajara, Colotlán, Jalisco, México
| | - Hernández-González M
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto De Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad De Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Hidalgo-Aguirre R M
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario De Los Valles, Universidad De Guadalajara, Ameca, Jalisco, México
| | - Guevara M A
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto De Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad De Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Amezcua-Gutiérrez C
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto De Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad De Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Sandoval-Carrillo I K
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto De Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad De Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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9
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Differential neurodynamics and connectivity in the dorsal and ventral visual pathways during perception of emotional crowds and individuals: a MEG study. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 21:776-792. [PMID: 33725334 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-021-00880-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reading the prevailing emotion of groups of people ("crowd emotion") is critical to understanding their overall intention and disposition. It alerts us to potential dangers, such as angry mobs or panicked crowds, giving us time to escape. A critical aspect of processing crowd emotion is that it must occur rapidly, because delays often are costly. Although knowing the timing of neural events is crucial for understanding how the brain guides behaviors using coherent signals from a glimpse of multiple faces, this information is currently lacking in the literature on face ensemble coding. Therefore, we used magnetoencephalography to examine the neurodynamics in the dorsal and ventral visual streams and the periamygdaloid cortex to compare perception of groups of faces versus individual faces. Forty-six participants compared two groups of four faces or two individual faces with varying emotional expressions and chose which group or individual they would avoid. We found that the dorsal stream was activated as early as 68 msec after the onset of stimuli containing groups of faces. In contrast, the ventral stream was activated later and predominantly for individual face stimuli. The latencies of the dorsal stream activation peaks correlated with participants' response times for facial crowds. We also found enhanced connectivity earlier between the periamygdaloid cortex and the dorsal stream regions for crowd emotion perception. Our findings suggest that ensemble coding of facial crowds proceeds rapidly and in parallel by engaging the dorsal stream to mediate adaptive social behaviors, via a distinct route from single face perception.
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Delta Event-Related Oscillations Are Related to a History of Extreme Binge Drinking in Adolescence and Lifetime Suicide Risk. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10100154. [PMID: 33036364 PMCID: PMC7599813 DOI: 10.3390/bs10100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol exposure typically begins in adolescence, and heavy binge drinking is associated with health risk behaviors. Event-related oscillations (EROs) may represent sensitive biomarkers or endophenotypes for early alcohol exposure as well as other risk behaviors such as suicidal thoughts and actions. In this study, young adults (age 18–30 years) of American Indian (AI) (n = 479) and Mexican American (MA) (n = 705) ancestry were clinically assessed, and EROs were generated to happy, sad and neutral faces. Extreme adolescent binge drinking (10+ drinks) was common (20%) in this population of AI/MA and associated with a significantly increased risk of a lifetime history of suicidal acts (SA, suicide attempts, deaths) but not suicidal thoughts (ST, ideation, plans). ST were reported among MA participants, whereas SA were more common among AI young adults. Extreme adolescent binge drinking was also associated with errors in detection of sad and neutral faces, increases in delta ERO energy, and decreases in phase locking (PL), particularly in parietal areas. A lifetime history of ST was associated with increases in delta ERO energy and PL, whereas SA were associated with decreases in both. These studies suggest that ERO measures may represent important potential biomarkers of adolescent extreme binge drinking and risk for suicidal behaviors.
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11
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Rapp PE. Commentary on Wright and Bourke "The growth of cognition: Free energy minimization and the embryogenesis of cortical computation". Phys Life Rev 2020; 36:24-26. [PMID: 32980273 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Rapp
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, United States of America.
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12
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Ehlers CL, Phillips E, Wills D, Benedict J, Sanchez-Alavez M. Phase locking of event-related oscillations is decreased in both young adult humans and rats with a history of adolescent alcohol exposure. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12732. [PMID: 30884076 PMCID: PMC6751029 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol exposure typically begins in adolescence, and frequent binge drinking has been associated with health risk behaviors including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Few studies have documented the effects of a history of adolescent binge drinking on neurophysiological consequences in young adulthood. Synchrony of phase (phase locking (PL)) of event-related oscillations (EROs) within and between different brain areas reflects communication exchange between neural networks and is a sensitive measure of adolescent development in both rats and humans, and thus may be a good translational measure of the potential harmful effects of alcohol exposure during adolescence. In this study, EROs were collected from 1041 young adults of Mexican American and American Indian ancestry (age 18-30 years) with and without a history of adolescent binge drinking (five drinks for boys and four for girls per occasion at least once per month) and in 74 young adult rats with and without a history of 5 weeks of adolescent alcohol vapor exposure. PL of theta and beta frequencies between frontal and parietal cortex were estimated using an auditory-oddball paradigm in the rats and a visual facial expression paradigm in the humans. Significantly lower PL between frontal and parietal cortices in the theta frequencies was seen in both the humans and the rats with a history of adolescent alcohol exposure as compared with their controls. These findings suggest that alcohol exposure during adolescence may result in decreases in synchrony between cortical neuronal networks, suggesting a developmental delay, in young adult humans and in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Evie Phillips
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Derek Wills
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Benedict
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Crews FT, Robinson DL, Chandler LJ, Ehlers CL, Mulholland PJ, Pandey SC, Rodd ZA, Spear LP, Swartzwelder HS, Vetreno RP. Mechanisms of Persistent Neurobiological Changes Following Adolescent Alcohol Exposure: NADIA Consortium Findings. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1806-1822. [PMID: 31335972 PMCID: PMC6758927 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Neurobiology of Adolescent Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) Consortium has focused on the impact of adolescent binge drinking on brain development, particularly on effects that persist into adulthood. Adolescent binge drinking is common, and while many factors contribute to human brain development and alcohol use during adolescence, animal models are critical for understanding the specific consequences of alcohol exposure during this developmental period and the underlying mechanisms. Using adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure models, NADIA investigators identified long-lasting AIE-induced changes in adult behavior that are consistent with observations in humans, such as increased alcohol drinking, increased anxiety (particularly social anxiety), increased impulsivity, reduced behavioral flexibility, impaired memory, disrupted sleep, and altered responses to alcohol. These behavioral changes are associated with multiple molecular, cellular, and physiological alterations in the brain that persist long after AIE exposure. At the molecular level, AIE results in long-lasting changes in neuroimmune/trophic factor balance and epigenetic-microRNA (miRNA) signaling across glia and neurons. At the cellular level, AIE history is associated in adulthood with reduced expression of cholinergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic neuron markers, attenuated cortical thickness, decreased neurogenesis, and altered dendritic spine and glial morphology. This constellation of molecular and cellular adaptations to AIE likely contributes to observed alterations in neurophysiology, measured by synaptic physiology, EEG patterns, and functional connectivity. Many of these AIE-induced brain changes replicate findings seen in postmortem brains of humans with alcohol use disorder (AUD). NADIA researchers are now elucidating mechanisms of these adaptations. Emerging data demonstrate that exercise, antiinflammatory drugs, anticholinesterases, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and other pharmacological compounds are able to prevent (administered during AIE) and/or reverse (given after AIE) AIE-induced pathology in adulthood. These studies support hypotheses that adolescent binge drinking increases risk of adult hazardous drinking and influences brain development, and may provide insight into novel therapeutic targets for AIE-induced neuropathology and AUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Donita L Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - L Judson Chandler
- Department of Neuroscience, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neurosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Patrick J Mulholland
- Department of Neuroscience, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Subhash C Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zachary A Rodd
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Linda P Spear
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York
| | - H Scott Swartzwelder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ryan P Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Ehlers CL, Phillips E, Kim C, Wills DN, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Gilder DA. CR-19-0950: Event-related responses to alcohol-related stimuli in Mexican-American young adults: Relation to age, gender, comorbidity and "dark side" symptoms. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 202:76-86. [PMID: 31323376 PMCID: PMC6685752 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrophysiological variables may represent sensitive biomarkers of vulnerability to or endophenotypes for alcohol use disorders (AUD). METHODS Young adults (age 18-30 yrs, n = 580) of Mexican American heritage were assessed with the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism and event-related oscillations (EROs) generated in response to a task that used pictures of objects, food, and alcohol-related and non-alcohol-related drinks as stimuli. RESULTS Decreases in energy in the alpha and beta frequencies and higher phase synchrony within cortical brain areas were seen in response to the alcohol-related as compared to the non-alcohol-related stimuli. Differences in ERO energy and synchrony responses to alcohol-related stimuli were also found as a function of age, sex, AUD status and comorbidity. Age-related decreases in energy and increases in synchrony were found. Females had significantly higher energy and lower synchrony values than males. Participants with AUD had higher synchrony values specifically in the beta frequencies, whereas those with a lifetime diagnosis of conduct disorder and/or antisocial personality disorder had lower alpha power and synchrony, and those with any affective disorder had lower ERO energy in the beta frequencies. Those with substance-associated affective "dark-side" symptoms had slower reaction times to the task, lower energy in the beta frequencies, lower local synchrony in the theta frequencies, and higher long-range synchrony in the delta and beta frequencies. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that EROs recorded to alcohol-related stimuli may be biomarkers of comorbid risk factors, symptoms and disorders associated with AUD that also can differentiate those with "dark-side symptoms".
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L. Ehlers
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Corresponding author: Dr. Cindy L. Ehlers, TSRI, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA, Telephone: (858) 784-7058; Fax: (858) 784-7409;
| | - Evelyn Phillips
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Corinne Kim
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Derek N. Wills
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - David A. Gilder
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Wienke AS, Basar-Eroglu C, Schmiedt-Fehr C, Mathes B. Novelty N2-P3a Complex and Theta Oscillations Reflect Improving Neural Coordination Within Frontal Brain Networks During Adolescence. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:218. [PMID: 30319369 PMCID: PMC6170662 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents are easily distracted by novel items than adults. Maturation of the frontal cortex and its integration into widely distributed brain networks may result in diminishing distractibility with the transition into young adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate maturational changes of brain activity during novelty processing. We hypothesized that during adolescence, timing and task-relevant modulation of frontal cortex network activity elicited by novelty processing improves, concurrently with increasing cognitive control abilities. A visual novelty oddball task was utilized in combination with EEG measurements to investigate brain maturation between 8–28 years of age (n = 84). Developmental changes of the frontal N2-P3a complex and concurrent theta oscillations (4–7 Hz) elicited by rare and unexpected novel stimuli were analyzed using regression models. N2 amplitude decreased, P3a amplitude increased, and latency of both components decreased with age. Pre-stimulus amplitude of theta oscillations decreased, while inter-trial consistency, task-related amplitude modulation and inter-site connectivity of frontal theta oscillations increased with age. Targets, intertwined in a stimulus train with regular non-targets and novels, were detected faster with increasing age. These results indicate that neural processing of novel stimuli became faster and the neural activation pattern more precise in timing and amplitude modulation. Better inter-site connectivity further implicates that frontal brain maturation leads to global neural reorganization and better integration of frontal brain activity within widely distributed brain networks. Faster target detection indicated that these maturational changes in neural activation during novelty processing may result in diminished distractibility and increased cognitive control to pursue the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Susann Wienke
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Canan Basar-Eroglu
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,Izmir University of Economy, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Christina Schmiedt-Fehr
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Birgit Mathes
- Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research & Center of Cognitive Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Corcoran CM, Stoops A, Lee M, Martinez A, Sehatpour P, Dias EC, Javitt DC. Developmental trajectory of mismatch negativity and visual event-related potentials in healthy controls: Implications for neurodevelopmental vs. neurodegenerative models of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 191:101-108. [PMID: 29033283 PMCID: PMC5866919 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sensory processing deficits are core features of schizophrenia, reflected in impaired generation of event-related potential (ERP) measures such as auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) and visual P1. To understand the potential time course of development of deficits in schizophrenia, we obtained MMN to unattended duration, intensity and frequency deviants, and visual P1 to attended LSF stimuli, in 43 healthy individuals ages 6 to 25years (mean 17), and compared results to data from 30 adult schizophrenia patients (mean age 38). We analyzed "time-domain" measures of amplitude and latency, and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP, "time-frequency") to evaluate underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. Duration and intensity MMN amplitudes increased from childhood to late adolescence, while frequency MMN reached maximum amplitude during early development. As reported previously, in ERSP analyses, MMN activity corresponded primarily to theta-band (4-7Hz) activity, while responses to standards occurred primarily in alpha (8-12Hz) across age groups. Both deviant-induced theta and standard-induced alpha activity declined significantly with age for all deviant types. Likewise, visual P1 also showed an amplitude decline over development, reflecting a reduction in both evoked power and ITC. While MMN "difference" waveform ERP data suggest failure of maturation in schizophrenia, MMN ERSP analyses instead support a neurodegenerative process, as these isolate responses to deviants and standards, showing large low-frequency evoked power for both in children. Neurodegenerative processes are also supported by large visual P1 amplitudes and large low-frequency evoked power in children, in contrast with adult schizophrenia. Sensory processing deficits in schizophrenia may be related to accelerated synaptic pruning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl M Corcoran
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Anastasia Stoops
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Migyung Lee
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Antigona Martinez
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Pejman Sehatpour
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Elisa C Dias
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Daniel C Javitt
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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Laursen B, Bundgaard CH, Graversen C, Grupe M, Sanchez C, Leiser SC, Sorensen HBD, Drewes AM, Bastlund JF. Acute dosing of vortioxetine strengthens event-related brain activity associated with engagement of attention and cognitive functioning in rats. Brain Res 2017; 1664:37-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Laursen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark.
| | - Cecilie H Bundgaard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 349, Oersteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carina Graversen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten Grupe
- Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Steven C Leiser
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Helge B D Sorensen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 349, Oersteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn M Drewes
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jesper F Bastlund
- Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
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Pérez-Hernández M, Hernández-González M, Hidalgo-Aguirre R, Amezcua-Gutiérrez C, Guevara M. Listening to a baby crying induces higher electroencephalographic synchronization among prefrontal, temporal and parietal cortices in adoptive mothers. Infant Behav Dev 2017; 47:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alcohol drinking during adolescence increases consumptive responses to alcohol in adulthood in Wistar rats. Alcohol 2017; 59:43-51. [PMID: 28187948 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Binge drinking and the onset of alcohol-use disorders usually peak during the transition between late adolescence and early adulthood, and early adolescent onset of alcohol consumption has been demonstrated to increase the risk for alcohol dependence in adulthood. In the present study, we describe an animal model of early adolescent alcohol consumption where animals drink unsweetened and unflavored ethanol in high concentrations (20%). Using this model, we investigated the influence of drinking on alcohol-related appetitive behavior and alcohol consumption levels in early adulthood. Further, we also sought to investigate whether differences in alcohol-related drinking behaviors were specific to exposure in adolescence versus exposure in adulthood. Male Wistar rats were given a 2-bottle choice between 20% ethanol and water in one group and between two water bottles in another group during their adolescence (Postnatal Day [PD] 26-59) to model voluntary drinking in adolescent humans. As young adults (PD85), rats were trained in a paradigm that provided free access to 20% alcohol for 25 min after completing up to a fixed-ratio (FR) 16 lever press response. A set of young adult male Wistar rats was exposed to the same paradigm using the same time course, beginning at PD92. The results indicate that adolescent exposure to alcohol increased consumption of alcohol in adulthood. Furthermore, when investigating differences between adolescent high and low drinkers in adulthood, high consumers continued to drink more alcohol, had fewer FR failures, and faster completion of FR schedules in adulthood, whereas the low consumers were no different from controls. Rats exposed to ethanol in young adulthood also increased future intake, but there were no differences in any other components of drinking behavior. Both adolescent- and adult-exposed rats did not exhibit an increase in lever pressing during the appetitive challenge session. These data indicate that adolescent and early adult alcohol exposure can increase consumptive aspects of drinking but that adolescent exposure may preferentially influence the motivation to drink.
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Crews FT, Vetreno RP, Broadwater MA, Robinson DL. Adolescent Alcohol Exposure Persistently Impacts Adult Neurobiology and Behavior. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:1074-1109. [PMID: 27677720 PMCID: PMC5050442 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.012138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental period when physical and cognitive abilities are optimized, when social skills are consolidated, and when sexuality, adolescent behaviors, and frontal cortical functions mature to adult levels. Adolescents also have unique responses to alcohol compared with adults, being less sensitive to ethanol sedative-motor responses that most likely contribute to binge drinking and blackouts. Population studies find that an early age of drinking onset correlates with increased lifetime risks for the development of alcohol dependence, violence, and injuries. Brain synapses, myelination, and neural circuits mature in adolescence to adult levels in parallel with increased reflection on the consequence of actions and reduced impulsivity and thrill seeking. Alcohol binge drinking could alter human development, but variations in genetics, peer groups, family structure, early life experiences, and the emergence of psychopathology in humans confound studies. As adolescence is common to mammalian species, preclinical models of binge drinking provide insight into the direct impact of alcohol on adolescent development. This review relates human findings to basic science studies, particularly the preclinical studies of the Neurobiology of Adolescent Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) Consortium. These studies focus on persistent adult changes in neurobiology and behavior following adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE), a model of underage drinking. NADIA studies and others find that AIE results in the following: increases in adult alcohol drinking, disinhibition, and social anxiety; altered adult synapses, cognition, and sleep; reduced adult neurogenesis, cholinergic, and serotonergic neurons; and increased neuroimmune gene expression and epigenetic modifiers of gene expression. Many of these effects are specific to adolescents and not found in parallel adult studies. AIE can cause a persistence of adolescent-like synaptic physiology, behavior, and sensitivity to alcohol into adulthood. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that adolescent binge drinking leads to long-lasting changes in the adult brain that increase risks of adult psychopathology, particularly for alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies (F.T.C., R.P.V., M.A.B., D.L.R.), Department of Psychiatry (F.T.C., D.L.R.), and Department of Pharmacology (F.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ryan P Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies (F.T.C., R.P.V., M.A.B., D.L.R.), Department of Psychiatry (F.T.C., D.L.R.), and Department of Pharmacology (F.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Margaret A Broadwater
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies (F.T.C., R.P.V., M.A.B., D.L.R.), Department of Psychiatry (F.T.C., D.L.R.), and Department of Pharmacology (F.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Donita L Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies (F.T.C., R.P.V., M.A.B., D.L.R.), Department of Psychiatry (F.T.C., D.L.R.), and Department of Pharmacology (F.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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21
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Edgar JC, Fisk CL, Liu S, Pandey J, Herrington JD, Schultz RT, Roberts TPL. Translating Adult Electrophysiology Findings to Younger Patient Populations: Difficulty Measuring 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses in Typically Developing Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Dev Neurosci 2016; 38:1-14. [PMID: 26730806 DOI: 10.1159/000441943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND x03B3; (∼30-80 Hz) brain rhythms are thought to be abnormal in neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In adult populations, auditory 40-Hz click trains or 40-Hz amplitude-modulated tones are used to assess the integrity of superior temporal gyrus (STG) 40-Hz x03B3;-band circuits. As STG 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are not fully developed in children, tasks using these stimuli may not be optimal in younger patient populations. The present study examined this issue in typically developing (TD) children as well as in children with ASD, using source localization to directly assess activity in the principal generators of the 40-Hz ASSR in the left and right primary/secondary auditory cortices. METHODS 40-Hz amplitude-modulated tones of 1 s duration were binaurally presented while magnetoencephalography data were obtained from 48 TD children (45 males; 7-14 years old) and 42 ASD children (38 males; 8-14 years old). T1-weighted structural MRI was obtained. Using single dipoles anatomically constrained to each participant's left and right Heschl's Gyrus, left and right 40-Hz ASSR total power (TP) and intertrial coherence (ITC) measures were obtained. Associations between 40-Hz ASSR TP, ITC and age as well as STG gray matter cortical thickness (CT) were assessed. Group STG function and structure differences were also examined. RESULTS TD and ASD did not differ in 40-Hz ASSR TP or ITC. In TD and ASD, age was associated with left and right 40-Hz ASSR ITC (p < 0.01). The interaction term was not significant, indicating in both groups a ∼0.01/year increase in ITC. 40-Hz ASSR TP and ITC were greater in the right than left STG. Groups did not differ in STG CT, and no associations were observed between 40-Hz ASSR activity and STG CT. Finally, right STG transient x03B3; (50-100 ms and 30-50 Hz) was greater in TD versus ASD (significant for TP, trend for ITC). CONCLUSIONS The 40-Hz ASSR develops, in part, via an age-related increase in neural synchrony. Greater right than left 40-Hz ASSRs (ITC and TP) suggested earlier maturation of right versus left STG neural network(s). Given a ∼0.01/year increase in ITC, 40-Hz ASSRs were weak or absent in many of the younger participants, suggesting that 40-Hz driving stimuli are not optimal for examining STG 40-Hz auditory neural circuits in younger populations. Given the caveat that 40-Hz auditory steady-state neural networks are poorly assessed in children, the present analyses did not point to atypical development of STG 40-Hz ASSRs in higher-functioning children with ASD. Although groups did not differ in 40-Hz auditory steady-state activity, replicating previous studies, there was evidence for greater right STG transient x03B3; activity in TD versus ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Edgar
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
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22
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Chorlian DB, Rangaswamy M, Manz N, Kamarajan C, Pandey AK, Edenberg H, Kuperman S, Porjesz B. Gender modulates the development of theta event related oscillations in adolescents and young adults. Behav Brain Res 2015; 292:342-52. [PMID: 26102560 PMCID: PMC4705839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The developmental trajectories of theta band (4-7 Hz) event-related oscillations (EROs), a key neurophysiological constituent of the P3 response, were assessed in 2170 adolescents and young adults ages 12 to 25. The theta EROs occurring in the P3 response, important indicators of neurocognitive function, were elicited during the evaluation of task-relevant target stimuli in visual and auditory oddball tasks. These tasks call upon attentional and working memory resources. Large differences in developmental rates between males and females were found; scalp location and task modality (visual or auditory) differences within males and females were small compared to gender differences. Trajectories of interregional and intermodal correlations between ERO power values exhibited increases with age in both genders, but showed a divergence in development between auditory and visual systems during ages 16 to 21. These results are consistent with previous electrophysiological and imaging studies and provide additional temporal detail about the development of neurophysiological indices of cognitive activity. Since measures of the P3 response has been found to be a useful endophenotypes for the study of a number of clinical and behavioral disorders, studies of its development in adolescents and young adults may illuminate neurophysiological factors contributing to the onset of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Chorlian
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | | | - Niklas Manz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ashwini K Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Howard Edenberg
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Ehlers CL, Wills DN, Phillips E, Havstad J. Low voltage alpha EEG phenotype is associated with reduced amplitudes of alpha event-related oscillations, increased cortical phase synchrony, and a low level of response to alcohol. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 98:65-75. [PMID: 26151497 PMCID: PMC4579005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Low voltage EEG (LVEEG) is a heritable phenotype that differs depending on ancestral heritage, yet its impact on brain networks and cognition remain relatively unexplored. In this study we assessed energy and task related phase locking of event-related oscillation (EROs), behavioral responses, measures of IQ and personality, and expected responses to alcohol in a large sample of individuals with LVEEG compared to those with higher voltage variants. Participants (n=762) were recruited from a Native American community and completed a diagnostic interview, the Quick Test, the Subjective High Assessment Scale Expectation Version (SHAS-E) and the Maudsley Personality Inventory. Clinical and spectral analyzed EEGs were collected for determination of the presence of a LVEEG variant. EROs were generated using a facial expression recognition task. Participants with LVEEG (n=451) were significantly more likely to be older, married and have higher degrees of Native American heritage but did not differ in gender, income or education. Individuals with LVEEG were also found to have decreased energy in their alpha EROs, increased phase locking between stimulus trials, and increased phase-locking between cortical brain areas. No significant differences in the cognitive tests, personality variables or alcohol dependence or anxiety diagnoses were found, however, individuals with LVEEG did report a larger number of drinks ever consumed in a 24-h period and a less intense expected response to alcohol. These data suggest that alpha power in the resting EEG is highly associated with energy and cortical connectivity measures generated by event-related stimuli, as well as potentially increased risk for alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L Ehlers
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA, United States.
| | - Derek N Wills
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Evelyn Phillips
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - James Havstad
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA, United States
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24
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Miskovic V, Ma X, Chou CA, Fan M, Owens M, Sayama H, Gibb BE. Developmental changes in spontaneous electrocortical activity and network organization from early to late childhood. Neuroimage 2015; 118:237-47. [PMID: 26057595 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the development of spontaneous (resting state) cerebral electric fields and their network organization from early to late childhood in a large community sample of children. Critically, we examined electrocortical maturation across one-year windows rather than creating aggregate averages that can miss subtle maturational trends. We implemented several novel methodological approaches including a more fine grained examination of spectral features across multiple electrodes, the use of phase-lagged functional connectivity to control for the confounding effects of volume conduction and applying topological network analyses to weighted cortical adjacency matrices. Overall, there were major decreases in absolute EEG spectral density (particularly in the slow wave range) across cortical lobes as a function of age. Moreover, the peak of the alpha frequency increased with chronological age and there was a redistribution of relative spectral density toward the higher frequency ranges, consistent with much of the previous literature. There were age differences in long range functional brain connectivity, particularly in the alpha frequency band, culminating in the most dense and spatially variable networks in the oldest children. We discovered age-related reductions in characteristic path lengths, modularity and homogeneity of alpha-band cortical networks from early to late childhood. In summary, there is evidence of large scale reorganization in endogenous brain electric fields from early to late childhood, suggesting reduced signal amplitudes in the presence of more functionally integrated and band limited coordination of neuronal activity across the cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Miskovic
- Center for Affective Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA.
| | - Xinpei Ma
- Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA
| | - Chun-An Chou
- Center for Affective Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA; Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA
| | - Miaolin Fan
- Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA
| | - Max Owens
- Center for Affective Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA
| | - Hiroki Sayama
- Center for Affective Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA; Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA
| | - Brandon E Gibb
- Center for Affective Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA; Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA
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Sanchez-Alavez M, Ehlers CL. Event-related oscillations (ERO) during an active discrimination task: Effects of lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 103:53-61. [PMID: 25660307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic system in the brain is involved in attentional processes that are engaged for the identification and selection of relevant information in the environment and the formation of new stimulus associations. In the present study we determined the effects of cholinergic lesions of nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) on amplitude and phase characteristics of event related oscillations (EROs) generated in an auditory active discrimination task in rats. Rats were trained to press a lever to begin a series of 1kHz tones and to release the lever upon hearing a 2kHz tone. A time-frequency based representation was used to determine ERO energy and phase synchronization (phase lock index, PLI) across trials, recorded within frontal cortical structures. Lesions in NBM produced by an infusion of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) resulted in (1) a reduction of the number of correct behavioral responses in the active discrimination task, (2) an increase in ERO energy in the delta frequency bands, (3) an increase in theta, alpha and beta ERO energy in the N1, P3a and P3b regions of interest (ROI), and (4) an increase in PLI in the theta frequency band in the N1 ROIs. These studies suggest that the NBM cholinergic system is involved in maintaining the synchronization/phase resetting of oscillations in different frequencies in response to the presentation of the target stimuli in an active discrimination task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sanchez-Alavez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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