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He J, Li F, Jing Z, Ren X, Jia D, Zeng Y, Yu Y. GNPNAT1 Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Infiltration and Promotes Cancer Cell Metastasis through Stabilization of Snai2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1477. [PMID: 39062049 PMCID: PMC11274686 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality rate. Glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase (GNPNAT1), which serves as a critical enzyme in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), has been identified as a metastasis-associated gene and is upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the exact role and related mechanism of GNPNAT1 in LUAD metastasis remain unknown. METHODS We analyzed the expression of GNPNAT1 in the public databases and confirmed the results by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The biological functions of GNPNAT1 in LUAD were investigated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Correlations between GNPNAT1 and cancer immune characteristics were analyzed via the Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) and Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcript (CIBERSORT) R package. The underlying mechanisms of altered GNPNAT1 expression on LUAD cell tumorigenesis, proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis were explored in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrated that GNPNAT1 expression was significantly increased in LUAD and negatively associated with the overall survival (OS) of patients. hsa-miR-1-3p and hsa-miR-26a-5p were identified as upstream miRNA targets of GNPNAT1. GNPNAT1 was associated with the infiltration levels of CD8 T cells, memory-activated CD4 T cells, NK cells resting, macrophages M0, macrophages M1, neutrophils, gamma delta T cells, and eosinophils, while it was negatively correlated with memory-resting CD4 T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), resting NK cells, monocytes, resting dendritic cells, and resting mast cells. GNPNAT1 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and metastasis of LUAD cells, while overexpression of GNPNAT1 revealed the opposite effects. Rescue assay showed that Snai2 knockdown reversed GNPNAT1-induced LUAD cells migration, invasion, and EMT. Mechanistically, GNPNAT1 promoted cancer cell metastasis via repressing ubiquitination degradation of Snai2 in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data indicate that GNPNAT1 serves as a prognostic biomarker for LUAD patient. Additionally, GNPNAT1 is critical for promoting tumorigenesis and metastasis of LUAD cells and may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing LUAD metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China; (J.H.); (Z.J.); (X.R.); (D.J.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Faxiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang 422000, China;
| | - Zihan Jing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China; (J.H.); (Z.J.); (X.R.); (D.J.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xingmei Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China; (J.H.); (Z.J.); (X.R.); (D.J.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Dexin Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China; (J.H.); (Z.J.); (X.R.); (D.J.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China; (J.H.); (Z.J.); (X.R.); (D.J.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China; (J.H.); (Z.J.); (X.R.); (D.J.); (Y.Z.)
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Huang M, Hu J, Chen Y, Xun Y, Zhang X, Cao Y. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor inhibits cervical cancer progression via regulating macrophage phenotype. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:654. [PMID: 38735002 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a common gynecologic malignant tumor, but the critical factors affecting cervical cancer progression are still not well demonstrated. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been widely recognized as an anti-inflammatory factor to regulate macrophage polarization. In this study, the effect and mechanism of MANF on cervical cancer were preliminarily explored. METHODS AND RESULTS Kaplan-Meier curve was used to show the overall survival time of the involved cervical cancer patients with high and low MANF expression in cervical cancer tissues. MANF was highly expressed in peritumoral tissues of cervical carcinoma by using immunohistochemistry and western blot. MANF mRNA level was detected by using qRT-PCR. Dual-labeled immunofluorescence showed MANF was mainly expressed in macrophages of cervical peritumoral tissues. Moreover, MANF-silenced macrophages promoted HeLa and SiHa cells survival, migration, invasion and EMT via NF-κB signaling activation. The results of tumor formation in nude mice indicated MANF-silenced macrophages promoted cervical tumor formation in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study reveals an inhibitory role of MANF in cervical cancer progression, indicating MANF as a new and valuable therapeutic target for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yueran Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yingying Xun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Zhang MJ, Liu J, Wan SC, Li JX, Wang S, Fidele NB, Huang CF, Sun ZJ. CSRP2 promotes cell stemness in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2023; 45:2161-2172. [PMID: 37466293 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine-rich protein 2 (CSRP2) is discovered as oncogene. The study aims to investigate the clinical significance and potential mechanism of CSRP2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS CSRP2 expression was explored by immunohistochemistry tissue microarrays and Western blotting in HNSCC. The effect of CSRP2 on the cancer stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HNSCC cells was investigated by sphere formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. The vitro and vivo experiments revealed that CSRP2 modulated cancer stemness and EMT phenotypes in HNSCC. RESULTS CSRP2 was overexpressed in HNSCC patients and presented poor prognosis. CSRP2 knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion ability of the HNSCC cells. And CSRP2 expression was closely associated with CSCs markers, EMT-transcription factor, new oncoprotein, and immune checkpoint. CONCLUSION The overexpression of CSRP2 indicates poor prognosis and plays a key role in maintaining the cancer cell stemness and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nyimi Bushabu Fidele
- The National keys laboratory of Basic Sciences of Stomatology of Kinshasa University, School of Medical University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Cong-Fa Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Leichtle F, Betzler AC, Eizenberger C, Lesakova K, Ezić J, Drees R, Greve J, Schuler PJ, Laban S, Hoffmann TK, Cordes N, Lavitrano M, Grassilli E, Brunner C. Influence of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Processes and Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Enrichment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13133. [PMID: 37685940 PMCID: PMC10487612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutively active kinases play a crucial role in carcinogenesis, and their inhibition is a common target for molecular tumor therapy. We recently discovered the expression of two oncogenic isoforms of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), Btk-p80 and BTK-p65. However, the precise role of BTK in HNSCC remains unclear. Analyses of a tissue microarray containing benign and malignant as well as inflammatory tissue samples of the head and neck region revealed the preferential expression of BTK-p80 in malignant tissue, whereas BTK-p65 expression was confirmed in over 80% of analyzed metastatic head and neck tumor cases. Therefore, processes associated with metastasis, like cancer stem cell (CSC) enrichment and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in turn depend on an appropriate cytokine milieu, were analyzed. Treatment of HNSCC-derived cell lines cultured under 3D conditions with the BTK inhibitor AVL-292 caused reduced sphere formation, which was accompanied by reduced numbers of ALDH1A1+ CSCs as well as biological changes associated with the EMT. Moreover, we observed reduced NF-κB expression as well as altered NF-κB dependent pro-tumorigenic and EMT-associated cytokine release of IL-6, IFNγ, and TNFα when BTK activity was dampened. Therefore, an autocrine regulation of the oncogenic BTK-dependent process in HNSCC can be suggested, with BTK inhibition expected to be an effective treatment option for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Leichtle
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Annika C. Betzler
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
- Core Facility Immune Monitoring, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Carlotta Eizenberger
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Kristina Lesakova
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Jasmin Ezić
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Robert Drees
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Jens Greve
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Patrick J. Schuler
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Thomas K. Hoffmann
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marialuisa Lavitrano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Grassilli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany (J.E.); (P.J.S.)
- Core Facility Immune Monitoring, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Lee M, Kim YS, Lim S, Shin SH, Kim I, Kim J, Choi M, Kim JH, Koh SJ, Park JW, Shin HW. Protein stabilization of ITF2 by NF-κB prevents colitis-associated cancer development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2363. [PMID: 37185280 PMCID: PMC10130090 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38080-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic colonic inflammation is a feature of cancer and is strongly associated with tumorigenesis, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Inflammatory conditions increased ITF2 and p65 expression both ex vivo and in vivo, and ITF2 and p65 showed positive correlations. p65 overexpression stabilized ITF2 protein levels by interfering with the binding of Parkin to ITF2. More specifically, the C-terminus of p65 binds to the N-terminus of ITF2 and inhibits ubiquitination, thereby promoting ITF2 stabilization. Parkin acts as a E3 ubiquitin ligase for ITF2 ubiquitination. Intestinal epithelial-specific deletion of ITF2 facilitated nuclear translocation of p65 and thus increased colitis-associated cancer tumorigenesis, which was mediated by Azoxymethane/Dextran sulfate sodium or dextran sulfate sodium. Upregulated ITF2 expression was lost in carcinoma tissues of colitis-associated cancer patients, whereas p65 expression much more increased in both dysplastic and carcinoma regions. Therefore, these findings indicate a critical role for ITF2 in the repression of colitis-associated cancer progression and ITF2 would be an attractive target against inflammatory diseases including colitis-associated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Lee
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Obstructive Upper airway Research (OUaR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yi-Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Obstructive Upper airway Research (OUaR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suha Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Obstructive Upper airway Research (OUaR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Shin
- Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 550 Dongtangiheung-ro, Hwaseong-si, 18469, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Iljin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Obstructive Upper airway Research (OUaR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Koh
- Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Wan Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.
- Obstructive Upper airway Research (OUaR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Ang HL, Mohan CD, Shanmugam MK, Leong HC, Makvandi P, Rangappa KS, Bishayee A, Kumar AP, Sethi G. Mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer and its regulation by natural compounds. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36929669 DOI: 10.1002/med.21948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process with a primordial role in cellular transformation whereby an epithelial cell transforms and acquires a mesenchymal phenotype. This transformation plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and self-renewal, and exacerbates resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy. EMT can be initiated and promoted by deregulated oncogenic signaling pathways, hypoxia, and cells in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in a loss-of-epithelial cell polarity, cell-cell adhesion, and enhanced invasive/migratory properties. Numerous transcriptional regulators, such as Snail, Slug, Twist, and ZEB1/ZEB2 induce EMT through the downregulation of epithelial markers and gain-of-expression of the mesenchymal markers. Additionally, signaling cascades such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Sonic hedgehog, nuclear factor kappa B, receptor tyrosine kinases, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Hippo, and transforming growth factor-β pathways regulate EMT whereas they are often deregulated in cancers leading to aberrant EMT. Furthermore, noncoding RNAs, tumor-derived exosomes, and epigenetic alterations are also involved in the modulation of EMT. Therefore, the regulation of EMT is a vital strategy to control the aggressive metastatic characteristics of tumor cells. Despite the vast amount of preclinical data on EMT in cancer progression, there is a lack of clinical translation at the therapeutic level. In this review, we have discussed thoroughly the role of the aforementioned transcription factors, noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA), signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, and tumor-derived exosomes in the regulation of EMT in cancers. We have also emphasized the contribution of EMT to drug resistance and possible therapeutic interventions using plant-derived natural products, their semi-synthetic derivatives, and nano-formulations that are described as promising EMT blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li Ang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hin Chong Leong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Centre for Materials Interface, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Wang T, Rho O, Eguiarte-Solomon F, DiGiovanni J. Twist1 as a target for prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:62-76. [PMID: 36373194 PMCID: PMC9772054 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) represents an important clinical problem requiring novel approaches for both prevention and treatment. The transcription factor, Twist-related protein 1 (Twist1), has been identified as having a key mechanistic role in the development and progression of cSCC. Studies in relevant mouse models of cSCC have shown that Twist1 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness driving progression and metastasis of cSCC. In addition, further research has shown that Twist1 regulates the balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation and therefore impacts earlier stages of cSCC development. Through use of keratinocyte specific Twist1 knockout models, a role for this gene in keratinocyte stem cell homeostasis has been revealed. As a transcription factor, Twist1 regulates a large number of genes both in a positive, as well as a negative manner across several interdependent pathways. Studies in keratinocyte specific knockout models have shown that Twist1 upregulates the expression of genes involved in proliferation, stemness, and EMT while downregulating the expression of genes associated with differentiation. Furthermore, a number of compounds, including naturally occurring compounds, have been identified that target Twist1 and can block its effects in cancer cells and in keratinocytes in vivo. Collectively, the current understanding of Twist1 function in cSCC development and progression suggests that it represents a potential target for prevention and treatment of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzeng Wang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
| | - Okkyung Rho
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
| | - Fernando Eguiarte-Solomon
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, United States
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Tseng AJ, Tu TH, Hua WJ, Yeh H, Chen CJ, Lin ZH, Hsu WH, Chen YL, Hsu CC, Lin TY. GMI, Ganoderma microsporum protein, suppresses cell mobility and increases temozolomide sensitivity through induction of Slug degradation in glioblastoma multiforme cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:940-948. [PMID: 35952817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is a malignant primary brain tumor, is the cancer that spreads most aggressively into the adjacent brain tissue. Patients with metastatic GBM have a poor chance of survival. In this study, we examined the anti-GBM mobility effect of small protein, called GMI, which is cloned and purified from Ganoderma microsporum. Proteomic profiles showed that GMI-mediated proteins were involved in cell motility and cell growth functions. Specifically, we demonstrated that GMI significantly suppressed cell migration and invasion of GBM cells. GMI combined with temozolomide (TMZ), which is a traditional chemotherapeutic agent for GBM treatment, synergistically inhibited motility in GBM cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that GMI induced proteasome-dependent degradation of Slug, which is a critical transcription factor, is frequently linked to metastasis and drug resistance in GBM. Knockdown of Slug reduced cell viability and colony formation of GBM cells but enhanced TMZ-suppressed cell migration and viability. The results of this study show that targeting Slug degradation is involved in GMI-suppressed mobility of GBM cells. Moreover, GMI may be a potential supplementary agent for the suppression of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jung Tseng
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsi Tu
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jyun Hua
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecule Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Yeh
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jung Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; LO-Sheng Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lan Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecule Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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9
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Kaur S, Elkahloun AG, Petersen JD, Arakelyan A, Livak F, Singh SP, Margolis L, Zimmerberg J, Roberts DD. CD63 + and MHC Class I + Subsets of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Wild-Type and CD47-Deficient Jurkat T Cells Have Divergent Functional Effects on Endothelial Cell Gene Expression. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1705. [PMID: 34829933 PMCID: PMC8615535 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells and endothelial cells engage in bidirectional communication that regulates angiogenesis and T cell transmigration. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication by the transfer of bioactive molecules including RNAs. EVs produced by a given cell type are heterogeneous in their RNA content, but it is unclear how specific EV surface markers relate to their functional effects on target cells. Our previous work established that Jurkat T cell EVs bearing CD63, MHC-I, or CD47 surface markers contain distinct noncoding RNA populations. The present study reveals that CD63+ and MHC-I+ EVs from CD47-deficient Jurkat T cells are enriched in small non-coding RNAs relative to EVs from wild-type Jurkat T cells. CD47-deficient Jurkat T cells secrete more CD63+ and MHC-I+ EVs, but MHC-I+ EVs are selectively taken up more by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Transcriptomics analysis of endothelial cells treated with CD63+ or MHC-I+ EVs showed surface marker- and CD47-dependent changes in gene expression in the target cells. Gene set enrichment analysis identified CD47-dependent, and surface marker-dependent effects of T cell EVs on VEGF and inflammatory signaling, cell cycle, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Thus, subsets of T cell EVs differentially regulate endothelial cell metabolism and inflammatory and angiogenic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Abdel G. Elkahloun
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Jennifer D. Petersen
- Section on Integrative Biophysics, Division of Basic and Translational Biophysics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.D.P.); (J.Z.)
| | - Anush Arakelyan
- Section on Intercellular Interactions, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Ferenc Livak
- Flow Cytometry Core, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Satya P. Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Leonid Margolis
- Section on Intercellular Interactions, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Joshua Zimmerberg
- Section on Integrative Biophysics, Division of Basic and Translational Biophysics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.D.P.); (J.Z.)
| | - David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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10
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Morgan D, Berggren KL, Spiess CD, Smith HM, Tejwani A, Weir SJ, Lominska CE, Thomas SM, Gan GN. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 (MK2) and its role in cell survival, inflammatory signaling, and migration in promoting cancer. Mol Carcinog 2021; 61:173-199. [PMID: 34559922 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and the immune system share an intimate relationship. Chronic inflammation increases the risk of cancer occurrence and can also drive inflammatory mediators into the tumor microenvironment enhancing tumor growth and survival. The p38 MAPK pathway is activated both acutely and chronically by stress, inflammatory chemokines, chronic inflammatory conditions, and cancer. These properties have led to extensive efforts to find effective drugs targeting p38, which have been unsuccessful. The immediate downstream serine/threonine kinase and substrate of p38 MAPK, mitogen-activated-protein-kinase-activated-protein-kinase-2 (MK2) protects cells against stressors by regulating the DNA damage response, transcription, protein and messenger RNA stability, and motility. The phosphorylation of downstream substrates by MK2 increases inflammatory cytokine production, drives an immune response, and contributes to wound healing. By binding directly to p38 MAPK, MK2 is responsible for the export of p38 MAPK from the nucleus which gives MK2 properties that make it unique among the large number of p38 MAPK substrates. Many of the substrates of both p38 MAPK and MK2 are separated between the cytosol and nucleus and interfering with MK2 and altering this intracellular translocation has implications for the actions of both p38 MAPK and MK2. The inhibition of MK2 has shown promise in combination with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy as a method for controlling cancer growth and metastasis in a variety of cancers. Whereas the current data are encouraging the field requires the development of selective and well tolerated drugs to target MK2 and a better understanding of its effects for effective clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deri Morgan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Kiersten L Berggren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Section of Radiation Oncology, UNM School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Colby D Spiess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Hannah M Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Ajay Tejwani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Scott J Weir
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Christopher E Lominska
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sufi M Thomas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gregory N Gan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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11
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Pulido T, Velarde MC, Alimirah F. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype: Fueling a wound that never heals. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111561. [PMID: 34411604 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is impaired with advanced age and certain chronic conditions, such as diabetes and obesity. Moreover, common cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation, can cause unintended tissue damage and impair wound healing. Available wound care treatments are not always effective, as some wounds fail to heal or recur after treatment. Hence, a more thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic, nonhealing wounds may offer new ideas for the development of effective wound care treatments. Cancers are sometimes referred to as wounds that never heal, sharing mechanisms similar to wound healing. We describe in this review how cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) contribute to chronic wounds versus cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Pulido
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Michael C Velarde
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines.
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12
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Chemotherapy: a double-edged sword in cancer treatment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:507-526. [PMID: 34355266 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a well-known and effective treatment for different cancers; unfortunately, it has not been as efficient in the eradication of all cancer cells as been expected. The mechanism of this failure was not fully clarified, yet. Meanwhile, alterations in the physiologic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME) were suggested as one of the underlying possibilities. Chemotherapy drugs can activate multiple signaling pathways and augment the secretion of inflammatory mediators. Inflammation may show two opposite roles in the TME. On the one hand, inflammation, as an innate immune response, tries to suppress tumor growth but on the other hand, it might be not powerful enough to eradicate the cancer cells and even it can provide appropriate conditions for cancer promotion and relapse as well. Therefore, the administration of mild anti-inflammatory drugs during chemotherapy might result in more successful clinical results. Here, we will review and discuss this hypothesis. Most chemotherapy agents are triggers of inflammation in the tumor microenvironment through inducing the production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) molecules. Some chemotherapy agents can induce systematic inflammation by provoking TLR4 signaling or triggering IL-1B secretion through the inflammasome pathway. NF-kB and MAPK are key signaling pathways of inflammation and could be activated by several chemotherapy drugs. Furthermore, inflammation can play a key role in cancer development, metastasis and exacerbation.
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13
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González-González R, Ortiz-Sarabia G, Molina-Frechero N, Salas-Pacheco JM, Salas-Pacheco SM, Lavalle-Carrasco J, López-Verdín S, Tremillo-Maldonado O, Bologna-Molina R. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Associated with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123027. [PMID: 34204259 PMCID: PMC8234594 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are aggressive, recurrent, and metastatic neoplasms with a high occurrence around the world and can lead to death when not treated appropriately. Several molecules and signaling pathways are involved in the malignant conversion process. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been described in HNSCCs, a major type of aggressive carcinoma. EMT describes the development of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells, which depends on several molecular interactions and signaling pathways that facilitate mesenchymal conversion. This is related to interactions with the microenvironment of the tumor, hypoxia, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases, and the presence of viral infections. In this review, we focus on the main molecules related to EMT, their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, plasticity phenomena, epigenetic regulation, hypoxia, inflammation, their relationship with immune cells, and the inhibition of EMT in the context of HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio González-González
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
| | - Gamaliel Ortiz-Sarabia
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
| | - Nelly Molina-Frechero
- Xochimilco Unit, Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (N.M.-F.); (J.L.-C.)
| | - José Manuel Salas-Pacheco
- Scientific Research Institute, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (J.M.S.-P.); (S.M.S.-P.)
| | - Sergio Manuel Salas-Pacheco
- Scientific Research Institute, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (J.M.S.-P.); (S.M.S.-P.)
| | - Jesús Lavalle-Carrasco
- Xochimilco Unit, Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (N.M.-F.); (J.L.-C.)
| | - Sandra López-Verdín
- Health Science Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 4430, Mexico;
| | - Omar Tremillo-Maldonado
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
| | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
- Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
- Correspondence:
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14
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Kumar S, Agnihotri N. Piperlongumine targets NF-κB and its downstream signaling pathways to suppress tumor growth and metastatic potential in experimental colon cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1765-1781. [PMID: 33433833 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB is the principle transcription factor and plays the central role in orchestrating chronic inflammation by regulating levels of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Piperlongumine (PL), a major alkaloid in the fruit of Piper longum Linn. has gained worldwide attention for its anticancer properties, however, its mechanism of action in the chemoprevention of colon cancer has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the present study was designed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of PL in preventing DMH/DSS induced experimental colon cancer in mice. In the current study well established DMH/DSS induced experimental colon cancer mouse model was used to demonstrate the chemopreventive potential of PL. The expression of NF-κB and its downstream target proteins was evaluated mainly through western blotting. In addition, CAM assay, immunohistochemical staining and gelatin zymography was used to show anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive potential of PL. Additionally, important tumor biomarkers such as TSA, LASA, LDH and IL-6 levels were also estimated. The results of current study showed that PL was capable to inhibit NF-κB activation as well as its nuclear translocation. PL administration to DMH/DSS treated mice also inhibited the NF-κB downstream signaling cascades such as including COX-2 pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, β-catenin, Notch signaling pathway, angiogenesis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway. The findings of the present study have claimed PL as promising chemopreventive agent for colon cancer with pleiotropic action. The current study emphasizes that regular consumption of PL can be an effective approach in the prevention of colon cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science, Block-II, Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Block J, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Navneet Agnihotri
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science, Block-II, Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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15
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Zhang M, Hoyle RG, Ma Z, Sun B, Cai W, Cai H, Xie N, Zhang Y, Hou J, Liu X, Chen D, Kellogg GE, Harada H, Sun Y, Wang C, Li J. FOSL1 promotes metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through super-enhancer-driven transcription program. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2583-2600. [PMID: 33794365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we discovered that FOSL1 facilitates the metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cancer stem cells in a spontaneous mouse model. However, the molecular mechanisms remained unclear. Here, we demonstrated that FOSL1 serves as the dominant activating protein 1 (AP1) family member and is significantly upregulated in HNSCC tumor tissues and correlated with metastasis of HNSCC. Mechanistically, FOSL1 exerts its function in promoting tumorigenicity and metastasis predominantly via selective association with Mediators to establish super-enhancers (SEs) at a cohort of cancer stemness and pro-metastatic genes, such as SNAI2 and FOSL1 itself. Depletion of FOSL1 led to disruption of SEs and expression inhibition of these key oncogenes, which resulted in the suppression of tumor initiation and metastasis. We also revealed that the abundance of FOSL1 is positively associated with the abundance of SNAI2 in HNSCC and the high expression levels of FOSL1 and SNAI2 are associated with short overall disease-free survival. Finally, the administration of the FOSL1 inhibitor SR11302 significantly suppressed tumor growth and lymph node metastasis of HNSCC in a patient-derived xenograft model. These findings indicate that FOSL1 is a master regulator that promotes the metastasis of HNSCC through a SE-driven transcription program that may represent an attractive target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rosalie G Hoyle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Weixin Cai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Hongshi Cai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinsong Hou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiqiang Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Demeng Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Glen E Kellogg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Hisashi Harada
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Yue Sun
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA; Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA.
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16
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Han N, Li X, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Ruan M, Zhang C. Increased tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote cancer cell proliferation and invasion via TNF-α/NF-κB/CXCR-4 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:3045-3056. [PMID: 33854604 PMCID: PMC8040884 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor-infiltrating immune cells are closely associated with tumor occurrence and progression. The present study explored the potential mechanism of tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) mediating the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: pDC distribution was detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. chemotaxis cytokine receptor-4/7 (CXCR-4/7) expression was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation and migration were measured by CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assay. ELISA and western blotting were used to investigate cytokines secretion and NF-κB pathway activity. Results: Tumor-infiltrating pDC in OSCC was significantly increased and associated with tumor size, lymph node (LN) metastasis (P <0.05). Tumor-infiltrating-pDC-conditioned medium from OSCC patients significantly promoted tumor cell proliferation and invasion, which was at least partly mediated via enhancing the CXCR-4 expression of tumor cell. In addition, the activation of NF-κB pathway played a decisive role in the overexpression of CXCR-4, which was further regulated by pDC-derived TNF-α secretion. Conclusions: Tumor-infiltrating pDC promoted oral cancer proliferation and invasion via activating the TNF-α/NF-κB/CXCR-4 pathway, which may serve as a potential immunological target for the treatment of OSCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Han
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Yupu Wang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chunye Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zun Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University. Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Min Ruan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
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17
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Pterostilbene promotes mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in glioma cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6381. [PMID: 33737656 PMCID: PMC7973728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most general primary and lethal intracranial malignant tumor. Pterostilbene (PTE), an analog of stilbene and resveratrol, has attracted attention in recent years due to its significant antitumor activity in multiple solid tumors; however, its effect on drug-resistant glioma cells and the underlying mechanism have not yet been reported. In this study, we found that pterostilbene inhibited proliferation, induced intrinsic mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and caused S phase arrest, inhibited migration and excessive invasion in glioma cells. Pretreatment with the pan-caspase-inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK attenuated the PTE-induced apoptosis of glioma cells. Moreover, PTE significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Inhibition of ROS with N-acetyl-l-cysteine not only rescued PTE-induced reduction of cellular viability but also prevented glioma cell apoptosis. We also discovered ERK 1/2 and JNK signaling pathways were activated by PTE and contributed to induce glioma cell apoptosis. In addition, specific inhibitors of ERK 1/2 and JNK attenuated PTE-induced apoptosis. Besides, PTE significantly reduced tumor volume and prolonged median survival of tumor-bearing rats in vivo. In summary, the results of this study indicate that the anti-tumor effect of PTE on glioma cells may provide a new treatment option for glioma patients.
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18
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Cheng YH, Chiang EPI, Syu JN, Chao CY, Lin HY, Lin CC, Yang MD, Tsai SY, Tang FY. Treatment of 13-cis retinoic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated expression of MMP-9 protein and cell invasion through the suppression of JNK pathway and microRNA 221 in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247550. [PMID: 33730072 PMCID: PMC7968633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer type with a very high mortality rate. Inflammatory cytokine such as tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) plays a pivotal role in the progression of PDAC. Recently, suppression of cell invasion by preventive agents has received considerable attention in the prevention of metastatic tumors. Several clinical studies suggested that natural forms or analogues of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A and vitamin D can work as anti-cancer agents to inhibit the development of cancer. In this study, our results demonstrated that co-treatment of 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VD3) significantly inhibited TNF-α mediated cell invasion in PDAC in vitro. Cotreatment of 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 also inhibited TNF-α mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein through blocking c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Our results demonstrated that treatment of TNF-α lead to a decreased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase- 3 (TIMP-3) protein and an induction of MMP-9 protein and cell invasion through an upregulation of microRNA-221 (miR-221) in human PDAC cells. Moreover, treatment of SP600125 (a specific inhibitor of JNK pathway) or cotreatment of 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 significantly induced a decreased expression of miR-221 and an increased expression of TIMP-3 protein. These results suggest that 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 significantly suppress TNF-α mediated cell invasion and therefore potentially act as preventive agents against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Huang Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - En-Pei Isabel Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ning Syu
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chao
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Due Yang
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yao Tsai
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yao Tang
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Trichostatin A augments esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells migration by inducing acetylation of RelA at K310 leading epithelia-mesenchymal transition. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:567-574. [PMID: 32282366 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein acetylation modification controlled by acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulates multiple biologic processes including cell proliferation and migration. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) are currently used as a promising epigenetic-based therapy for cancer treatment. Of the anticancer activity, accumulating evidence has shown that HDACi can enhance cell migration in subset of cancer cells. Thus, there is a critical need to identify such counter anticancer activity to HDACi in different cancer cell types and elucidate the rational in order to develop appropriate combination therapies in cancer treatment. In seeking to address the effect of HDACi on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells migration, trichostatin A (TSA), a canonical HDACi targeting class I and class II HDACs, was used. Here, we report the discovery that TSA augmented ESCC cells migration by increasing the acetylation of nuclear factor-κB/RelA at lysine 310 (K310). To elucidate the mechanism by which TSA promotes the migration of ESCC cells, plasmid of RelA K310R, a mutant precluding acetylation at K310, was transfected into ESCC cells. Blocking acetylation of RelA at K310 significantly arrogated TSA-induced cell migration. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TSA increased the level of acetylated RelA at K310 (RelA K310ac), thereby increasing the level of epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factor slug mRNA, which in turn induced EMT. Overall, this study indicates that TSA promotes ESCC cells migration by RelA K310ac-slug-EMT pathway. Our findings provide a strategy to eradicate HDACi-induced ESCC cells migration by targeting RelA as a combination therapy with nonspecific HDACi in ESCC treatment.
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20
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Raudenská M, Balvan J, Masařík M. Cell death in head and neck cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:192. [PMID: 33602906 PMCID: PMC7893032 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer therapies aim to trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. Nevertheless, the presence of oncogenic alterations in these cells and distorted composition of tumour microenvironment largely limit the clinical efficacy of this type of therapy. Luckily, scientific consensus describes about 10 different cell death subroutines with different regulatory pathways and cancer cells are probably not able to avoid all of cell death types at once. Therefore, a focused and individualised therapy is needed to address the specific advantages and disadvantages of individual tumours. Although much is known about apoptosis, therapeutic opportunities of other cell death pathways are often neglected. Molecular heterogeneity of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) causing unpredictability of the clinical response represents a grave challenge for oncologists and seems to be a critical component of treatment response. The large proportion of this clinical heterogeneity probably lies in alterations of cell death pathways. How exactly cells die is very important because the predominant type of cell death can have multiple impacts on the therapeutic response as cell death itself acts as a second messenger. In this review, we discuss the different types of programmed cell death (PCD), their connection with HNSCC pathogenesis and possible therapeutic windows that result from specific sensitivity to some form of PCD in some clinically relevant subgroups of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masařík
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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21
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Zheng ZN, Huang GZ, Wu QQ, Ye HY, Zeng WS, Lv XZ. NF-κB-mediated lncRNA AC007271.3 promotes carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-125b-2-3p/Slug. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1055. [PMID: 33311454 PMCID: PMC7733441 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cancer. The molecular mechanisms of this disease are not fully understood. Our previous studies confirmed that dysregulated function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AC007271.3 was associated with a poor prognosis and overexpression of AC007271.3 promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis in vitro, and promoted tumor growth in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms of AC007271.3 dysregulation remained obscure. In this study, our investigation showed that AC007271.3 functioned as competing endogenous RNA by binding to miR-125b-2-3p and by destabilizing primary miR-125b-2, resulted in the upregulating expression of Slug, which is a direct target of miR-125b-2-3p. Slug also inhibited the expression of E-cadherin but N-cadherin, vimentin, and β-catenin had no obvious change. The expression of AC007271.3 was promoted by the canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that the classical NF-κB pathway-activated AC007271.3 regulates EMT by miR-125b-2-3p/Slug/E-cadherin axis to promote the development of OSCC, implicating it as a novel potential target for therapeutic intervention in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Nan Zheng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhao Huang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Yu Ye
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Sen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Zhi Lv
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Mondal C, Di Martino JS, Bravo-Cordero JJ. Actin dynamics during tumor cell dissemination. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 360:65-98. [PMID: 33962751 PMCID: PMC8246644 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic network that regulates cellular behavior from development to disease. By rearranging the actin cytoskeleton, cells are capable of migrating and invading during developmental processes; however, many of these cellular properties are hijacked by cancer cells to escape primary tumors and disseminate to distant organs in the body. In this review article, we highlight recent work describing how cancer cells regulate the actin cytoskeleton to achieve efficient invasion and metastatic colonization. We also review new imaging technologies that are capable of revealing the complex architecture and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton during motility and invasion of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrani Mondal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Julie S Di Martino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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23
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AEBP1 Promotes Glioblastoma Progression and Activates the Classical NF- κB Pathway. Behav Neurol 2020; 2020:8890452. [PMID: 33224311 PMCID: PMC7665936 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8890452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study was aimed at investigating the mechanistic consequences of the upregulation of adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) in glioblastoma (GBM). Methods The expression of AEBP1 in GBM was assessed by bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR; the effects of AEBP1 on GBM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo were detected by a CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, scratch assay, Transwell assay, and subcutaneous tumor formation, respectively. The activation of related signaling pathways was monitored using western blot. Results Tumor-related databases and bioinformatics analysis revealed that AEBP1 was highly expressed in GBM and indicated poor outcome of patients; its high expression that was also confirmed in GBM tissues and cell lines was closely related to the tumor size. The results of in vitro experiments showed that AEBP1 could significantly promote GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; in vivo experiments suggested that AEBP1 could contribute to the growth of GBM tumors. AEBP1 could upregulate the level of IκBα phosphorylation, decrease IκBα expression, activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, and promote the expression of downstream oncogenes. Conclusion Upregulated AEBP1 in GBM promotes GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and facilitates tumor growth in vivo by activating the classical NF-κB pathway.
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24
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Li C, Ci Y, Liu X, Chen C, Liu C, Li X, Li Q, Song Y. Inositol Hexakisphosphate and Inositol Enhance the Inhibition of Colorectal Cancer Growth and Liver Metastasis by Capecitabine in a Mouse Model. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2306-2314. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1820055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Ci
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Song
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Wu J, Wang X, Shang A, Vella G, Sun Z, Ji P, Yang D, Wan A, Yao Y, Li D. PLAC8 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:128. [PMID: 32934697 PMCID: PMC7471733 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) is closely associated with the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of several tumor cells. However, the expression and function of PLAC8 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. Therefore, the present study investigated the function and mechanism of PLAC8 in OSCC. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were performed to quantify the expression of PLAC8 in OSCC cell lines. The function of PLAC8 in OSCC was investigated via transfection, the Transwell and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. The results demonstrated that PLAC8 exspression was downregulated in OSCC cell lines. PLAC8 inhibited the cell proliferation in OSCC. In addition, PLAC8 restrained invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of OSCC cells. Furthermore, β-catenin helped to repress PLAC8 expression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways in OSCC cells. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that PLAC8 acts as a tumor suppressor in OSCC by downregulating β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlu Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Xuetao Wang
- Department of Radiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Anquan Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Giovanna Vella
- Department of Internal Medicine V Pulmonology, Allergology and Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Zujun Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Dianyu Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Aiming Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
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26
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Moon JH, Lee SH, Koo BS, Kim JM, Huang S, Cho JH, Eun YG, Shin HA, Lim YC. Slug is a novel molecular target for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma stem-like cells. Oral Oncol 2020; 111:104948. [PMID: 32771963 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acquisition of stem-like phenotype is partly attributed to the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, the activation of factors involved in EMT can be linked to cancer stem cell genesis. However, the underlying mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain largely unknown. Herein, we investigate whether slug, one of the major effectors of EMT, affects the stemness of HNSCC cells. METHODS We performed in vitro experiments to determine whether slug gene manipulation can influence the stemness phenotypes, including the capacity for self-renewal, expression of putative stemness markers, chemoresistance, and invasion in HNSCC cells. Further, we identified whether Slug knockout attenuates tumorigenicity of HNSCC cells in vivo. Finally, we examined whether prognosis of HNSCC patients after curative treatment may be affected by the level of slug expression. RESULTS Overexpression of slug promoted self-renewal of HNSCC cells via activation of sphere formation, the expression of stem cell markers, and induction of chemoresistance to cisplatin. Also, slug overexpression increased the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells in vitro and was mainly observed during the invasion in HNSCC xenograft mouse model. By contrast, slug expression knockdown abrogated their self-renewal capacity, stemness-associated gene expression, and cisplatin chemoresistance. Furthermore, high levels of slug expression correlated with poor prognosis of patients with HNSCC. CONCLUSION Inhibition of slug expression may represent a novel therapeutic strategy targeting HNSCC stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwa Moon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyuk Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Songmei Huang
- Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Gyu Eun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Ae Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chang Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Liu J, Wu Z, Han D, Wei C, Liang Y, Jiang T, Chen L, Sha M, Cao Y, Huang F, Geng X, Yu J, Shen Y, Wang H, Feng L, Wang D, Fang S, Wang S, Shen Y. Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Inhibits Liver Cancer Through Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier (SUMO)ylation-Related Suppression of NF-κB/Snail Signaling Pathway and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Hepatology 2020; 71:1262-1278. [PMID: 31469428 PMCID: PMC7187412 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with liver inflammation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, how ER stress links inflammation and HCC remains obscure. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an ER stress-inducible secretion protein that inhibits inflammation by interacting with the key subunit of nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65. We hypothesized that MANF may play a key role in linking ER stress and inflammation in HCC. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we found that MANF mRNA and protein levels were lower in HCC tissues versus adjacent noncancer tissues. Patients with high levels of MANF had better relapse-free survival and overall survival rates than those with low levels. MANF levels were also associated with the status of liver cirrhosis, advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and tumor size. In vitro experiments revealed that MANF suppressed the migration and invasion of hepatoma cells. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of MANF accelerated N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-induced HCC by up-regulating Snail1+2 levels and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). MANF appeared in the nuclei and was colocalized with p65 in HCC tissues and in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-treated hepatoma cells. The interaction of p65 and MANF was also confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Consistently, knockdown of MANF up-regulated NF-κB downstream target genes TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1α expression in vitro and in vivo. Finally, small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) promoted MANF nuclear translocation and enhanced the interaction of MANF and p65. Mutation of p65 motifs for SUMOylation abolished the interaction of p65 and MANF. CONCLUSIONS MANF plays an important role in linking ER stress and liver inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB/Snail signal pathway in EMT and HCC progression. Therefore, MANF may be a cancer suppressor and a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Dan Han
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Chuansheng Wei
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yanyan Liang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Tongcui Jiang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Lu Chen
- Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Manqi Sha
- Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yajie Cao
- Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Fan Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Xiaoping Geng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Jishuang Yu
- Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yujun Shen
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Hua Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Lijie Feng
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Shengyun Fang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD
| | - Siying Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yuxian Shen
- School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Biopharmaceutical Research InstituteAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
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28
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Xu S, Liu Z, Lv M, Chen Y, Liu Y. Intestinal dysbiosis promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by activating tumor-associated macrophages in ovarian cancer. Pathog Dis 2020; 77:5420822. [PMID: 30916767 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the relationship of intestinal dysbiosis (IDB) and ovarian cancer progression, and understand its underlying signaling mechanisms. IDB was induced with high dose antibiotics. The xenograft mouse model was used to assess the tumor progression. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting are commonly used quantitative methods, and they were used to quantify epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in this paper. Meanwhile, cellular proliferation was also measured. First, IDB could promote the growth of xenograft tumors and induce the EMT. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 also increased remarkably. In addition, the production and secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in macrophages isolated from IDB model mice were observably higher. In vitro, conditioned medium could significantly stimulate the development of EMT in ovarian cancer cells. Loss of macrophages completely offset the pro-tumor effects of IDB. IDB can stimulate the activation of tumor-associated macrophages in ovarian cancer, which is achieved by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, and ultimately induces the development of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Xu
- Heze Municipal Hospital of Shandong Province, No 2888 Caozhou West Road, Heze 274000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Shanxian Central Hospital of Shandong Province, No 1 Wenhua Road, Shancheng town, Shanxian county 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Meihua Lv
- Heze Municipal Hospital of Shandong Province, No 2888 Caozhou West Road, Heze 274000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuli Chen
- Heze Municipal Hospital of Shandong Province, No 2888 Caozhou West Road, Heze 274000, Shandong, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Heze Municipal Hospital of Shandong Province, No 2888 Caozhou West Road, Heze 274000, Shandong, China
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Ilhan M, Kucukkose C, Efe E, Gunyuz ZE, Firatligil B, Dogan H, Ozuysal M, Yalcin-Ozuysal O. Pro-metastatic functions of Notch signaling is mediated by CYR61 in breast cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151070. [PMID: 32005345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer related deaths, and unfolding the molecular mechanisms underlying metastatic progression is critical for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Notch is one of the key signaling pathways involved in breast tumorigenesis and metastasis. Notch activation induces pro-metastatic processes such as migration, invasion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, molecular mediators working downstream of Notch in these processes are not fully elucidated. CYR61 is a secreted protein implicated in metastasis, and its inhibition by a monoclonal antibody suppresses metastasis in xenograft breast tumors, indicating the clinical importance of CYR61 targeting. Here, we aimed to investigate whether CYR61 works downstream of Notch in inducing pro-metastatic phenotypes in breast cells. We showed that CYR61 expression is positively regulated by Notch activity in breast cells. Notch1-induced migration, invasion and anchorage independent growth of a normal breast cell line, MCF10A, were abrogated by CYR61 silencing. Furthermore, upregulation of core EMT markers upon Notch1-activation was impaired in the absence of CYR61. However, reduced migration and invasion of highly metastatic cell line, MDA MB 231, cells upon Notch inhibition was not dependent on CYR61 downregulation. In conclusion, we showed that in normal breast cell line MCF10A, CYR61 is a mediator of Notch1-induced pro-metastatic phenotypes partly via induction of EMT. Our results imply CYR61 as a prominent therapeutic candidate for a subpopulation of breast tumors with high Notch activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ilhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cansu Kucukkose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eda Efe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Elif Gunyuz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Firatligil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hulya Dogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozuysal
- Department of Computer Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Yalcin-Ozuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
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30
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Ramírez MJ, Minguillón J, Loveless S, Lake K, Carrasco E, Stjepanovic N, Balmaña J, Català A, Mehta PA, Surrallés J. Chromosome fragility in the buccal epithelium in patients with Fanconi anemia. Cancer Lett 2019; 472:1-7. [PMID: 31830560 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genome instability syndrome characterized by progressive bone marrow failure and predisposition to cancer, especially head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Surgical resection is the standard of care for solid tumors, as patients with FA do not tolerate genotoxic chemotherapies or radiation, leading to poor prognosis. It is therefore imperative to develop chemoprevention strategies such as the identification of novel biomarkers to detect the formation of the tumor before its emergence and to use them in clinical trials aimed to counteract genome instability of patients with FA in tissues at risk. Micronuclei (MN) are chromosome fragments that are left behind in anaphase and appear in daughter cells as small additional nuclei. In this work, we analyzed MN frequencies in exfoliated buccal cells from 40 patients with FA and 24 controls. We found that MN frequency was significantly increased in the FA cohort indicating that we can detect chromosome fragility in patients with FA in basal conditions and in a tissue that is divided in vivo. Consequently, the MN assay in exfoliated buccal cells of patients with FA could be used in cancer risk studies and clinical trials aimed to identify cancer chemopreventive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Ramírez
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Minguillón
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Loveless
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kelly Lake
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Estela Carrasco
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Unit, VHIO, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neda Stjepanovic
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Unit, VHIO, Barcelona, Spain; Medical Oncology Department Hospital Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Balmaña
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Unit, VHIO, Barcelona, Spain; Medical Oncology Department Hospital Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Català
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Hematology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Parinda A Mehta
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jordi Surrallés
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Genetics, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Zhang D, Yang L, Liu X, Gao J, Liu T, Yan Q, Yang X. Hypoxia modulates stem cell properties and induces EMT through N-glycosylation of EpCAM in breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3626-3633. [PMID: 31584203 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), which is a transmembrane glycoprotein, is related to tumor progression. We demonstrated that EpCAM plays important roles in proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis during breast cancer (BC) progression. But the role of N-glycosylation in EpCAM in tumor aggressiveness is not clear. Here, we evaluated the role of N-glycosylation of EpCAM in stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics. EpCAM overexpression increases the expression of stemness markers (NANOG,SOX2, and OCT4) and EMT markers (N-cadherin and vimentin) under the condition of hypoxia in BC. Knockdown of EpCAM and mutation of N-glycosylation of EpCAM maintained in severe hypoxia lead to a significant reduction of stemness/EMT markers. In addition, we found that N-glycosylation of EpCAM is a crucial factor during this process. This demonstrates that EpCAM has a novel regulatory role in stemness/EMT dependence of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha via regulating nuclear factor kappa B in BC cells. Hence, our study reveals EpCAM glycosylation modification as a new regulator of stemness/EMT under hypoxic in BC and points out EpCAM as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiujiao Gao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Tingjiao Liu
- Section of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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32
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Böhrnsen F, Holzenburg J, Godek F, Kauffmann P, Moser N, Schliephake H. Influence of tumour necrosis factor alpha on epithelial-mesenchymal transition of oral cancer cells in co-culture with mesenchymal stromal cells. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 49:157-165. [PMID: 31345665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumour progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is influenced by the surrounding stroma and inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that TNF-α modulates the interactions of HNSCC cell line PCI-13 and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and influences markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Following induction with TNF-α, mono- and co-cultures of BMSCs and the established HNSCC cell line PCI-13 were analyzed; protein expression of E-cadherin and vimentin and qRT-PCR expression of Snail, Twist, MMP14, vimentin, E-cadherin, and β-catenin were examined, and changes in cellular AKT signalling were analyzed. TNF-α induced a significant decrease in E-cadherin (64.5±6.0%, P=0.002) and vimentin (10.4±3.5%, P=0.04) protein expression in co-cultured PCI-13, while qRT-PCR showed a significant increase in β-catenin (BMSCs P<0.0001; PCI-13 P=0.0005) and Snail (BMSCs P=0.009; PCI-13 P=0.01). TNF-α also resulted in a down-regulation of AKT downstream targets S6 (38.7±20.9%, P=0.01), p70S6 (16.7±12%, P=0.05), RSK1 (23.6±28.8%, P=0.02), and mTOR (27.4±17.5%, P=0.004) in BMSC co-cultures. In summary, while reducing the expression of vimentin and AKT-signalling in PCI-13 and BMSC, respectively, TNF-α introduced an inflammatory-driven tumour-stroma transition, marked by an increased expression of markers of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Böhrnsen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - J Holzenburg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Godek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - P Kauffmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - N Moser
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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33
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Du R, Tang G, Tang Z, Kuang Y. Ectopic expression of CC chemokine receptor 7 promotes prostate cancer cells metastasis via Notch1 signaling. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9639-9647. [PMID: 30548287 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There currently exists no satisfactory treatment for patients with prostate cancer with local evolution and distant metastasis. Previous studies have confirmed the importance of CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) in the invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer. And increasing evidence prove that Notch1 can play diametrically opposite roles in the development and progression of different tumors. To demonstrate the correlation between CCR7 and Notch1, PC-3 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-CCR7 or CCR7 si-RNA, respectively. Then Western blot analysis was used to detect the expressions of Notch1, ERK, P38, JNK, NF-κB, MMP-9, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. Moreover, matrigel invasion assays were performed to assess the migratory and invasive activities of PC-3 cells. PcDNA3.1-CCR7 increased the expression of Notch1, phospho-MAPK, phospho-P65, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and Snail in PC-3 cells, but decreased the expression of E-cadherin. PcDNA3.1-CCR7 also promoted the migration and invasion of PC-3 cells. However, CCR7 si-RNA reversed the effect of pcDNA3.1-CCR7 in PC-3 cells. And MAPK and NF-κB pathway inhibitors were used to testify that activation of Notch1 induces EMT through MAPK and NF-κB pathway. All these results indicate that upregulation of Notch1 by CCR7 can accelerate the evolution of EMT and develop the invasion and metastasis in prostate cancer cells by activating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells, which provides a new molecular evidence for targeted therapy in metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyang Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanlin Tang
- Department of Urology, Chengdu Sixth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaobing Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youlin Kuang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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