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Krugliak Cleveland N, Ghosh S, Chastek B, Bancroft T, Candela N, Fan T, Umashankar K, Rubin DT. Evaluation of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving different sequences of first- and second-line biologic treatments: findings from ROTARY. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:314. [PMID: 39289603 PMCID: PMC11406817 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at risk of developing dysplasia and, subsequently, colorectal cancer (CRC) owing to chronic inflammation. Patients may also experience other severe disease complications, such as hospitalization and surgery. Several biologics are available for the treatment of patients with IBD and some patients require multiple lines of treatment owing to loss of response or tolerability to their prescribed biologic. Previous studies suggest that the choice of initial biologic treatment may impact the outcomes of later treatment lines. In this study, we assessed adverse clinical outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) who received different biologic treatment sequences. METHODS ROTARY part B was a retrospective cohort study using the Optum® Clinical Database that evaluated the incidences of IBD-related hospitalization, IBD-related surgery, dysplasia, CRC, and infections in patients with CD or UC who received two biologics successively. First-line biologics included adalimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab (CD only), and vedolizumab; second-line biologics included infliximab and adalimumab. RESULTS In patients with CD, the treatment sequence of ustekinumab to infliximab was associated with the highest overall incidences of hospitalization (51.9%), surgery (40.7%), CRC (3.7%), and infection (37.0%). Vedolizumab followed by an anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNFα) treatment was associated with a significantly lower risk of experiencing an adverse medical event (hospitalization, surgery, or infection) than two successive anti-TNFα treatments (odds ratio, 1.526; 95% confidence interval, 1.004-2.320; P < 0.05). In patients with UC, the treatment sequence of vedolizumab to adalimumab resulted in the lowest overall incidence of adverse outcomes (20.3%, 6.3%, 0.0%, 6.3%, and 4.7% for hospitalization, surgery, CRC, dysplasia, and infection, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We describe differences in adverse clinical outcomes associated with sequencing of biologics in patients with CD or UC and demonstrate favorable results in patients who received vedolizumab as a first-line biologic. These results provide potential guidance to clinicians choosing sequences of biologic treatments in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ninfa Candela
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Tao Fan
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | | | - David T Rubin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Schulz-Kuhnt A, Rühle K, Javidmehr A, Döbrönti M, Biwank J, Knittel S, Neidlinger P, Leupold J, Liu LJ, Dedden M, Taudte RV, Gessner A, Fromm MF, Mielenz D, Kreiss L, Waldner MJ, Schürmann S, Friedrich O, Dietel B, López-Posadas R, Plattner C, Zundler S, Becker C, Atreya R, Neurath MF, Atreya I. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY)-dependent immunometabolism in mucosal T cells drives experimental colitis in vivo. Gut 2024; 73:601-612. [PMID: 38176897 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mucosal T cells play a major role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, their immunometabolism during intestinal inflammation is poorly understood. Due to its impact on cellular metabolism and proinflammatory immune cell function, we here focus on the enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) in mucosal T cell immunometabolism and its relevance for IBD. DESIGN ACLY expression and its immunometabolic impact on colitogenic T cell function were analysed in mucosal T cells from patients with IBD and in two experimental colitis models. RESULTS ACLY was markedly expressed in colon tissue under steady-state conditions but was significantly downregulated in lamina propria mononuclear cells in experimental dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and in CD4+ and to a lesser extent in CD8+ T cells infiltrating the inflamed gut in patients with IBD. ACLY-deficient CD4+ T cells showed an impaired capacity to induce intestinal inflammation in a transfer colitis model as compared with wild-type T cells. Assessment of T cell immunometabolism revealed that ACLY deficiency dampened the production of IBD-relevant cytokines and impaired glycolytic ATP production but enriched metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of phospholipids and phosphatidylcholine. Interestingly, the short-chain fatty acid butyrate was identified as a potent suppressor of ACLY expression in T cells, while IL-36α and resolvin E1 induced ACLY levels. In a translational approach, in vivo administration of the butyrate prodrug tributyrin downregulated mucosal infiltration of ACLYhigh CD4+ T cells and ameliorated chronic colitis. CONCLUSION ACLY controls mucosal T cell immunometabolism and experimental colitis. Therapeutic modulation of ACLY expression in T cells emerges as a novel strategy to promote the resolution of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schulz-Kuhnt
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Current address: Bionorica SE, Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, Germany
| | - Katharina Rühle
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Asal Javidmehr
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Döbrönti
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jana Biwank
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Selina Knittel
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Neidlinger
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jannik Leupold
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mark Dedden
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Regina Verena Taudte
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Core Facility for Metabolomics, Department of Medicine, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Arne Gessner
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin F Fromm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lucas Kreiss
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian J Waldner
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schürmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Dietel
- Department of Medicine 2 - Cardiology and Angiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rocío López-Posadas
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Plattner
- Institute for Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Voshagh Q, Anoshiravani A, Karimpour A, Goodarzi G, Tehrani SS, Tabatabaei‐Malazy O, Panahi G. Investigating the association between the tissue expression of miRNA-101, JAK2/STAT3 with TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 cytokines in the ulcerative colitis patients. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1224. [PMID: 38517042 PMCID: PMC10958669 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease caused by numerous factors, such as immune system dysfunction and genetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in UC pathogenesis, particularly via the JAK-STAT pathway. Our aim was to investigate the association between miRNA-101 and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway with inflammatory cytokines in UC patients. METHODS We enrolled 35 UC patients and 35 healthy individuals as the control group, referred to Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patients were diagnosed based on clinical, laboratory, histological, and colonoscopy criteria. RNA and protein extracted from tissue samples. Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression levels of miRNA-101, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10 genes, while western blot was employed to measure levels of P-STAT3, total STAT3, and JAK2 proteins. RESULTS Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 significantly increased, while the expression of IL-10 significantly decreased in the case group versus controls. Additionally, miRNA-101 expression was significantly higher in UC patients. A significant correlation between miRNA-101 and IL-6 expression was observed, indicating their relationship and possible impact on cell signaling pathways, JAK2-STAT3. No significant changes were observed in phosphorylated and total STAT3 and JAK2 protein expression. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of increased miRNA-101 expression in UC tissue, suggesting a potential correlation between miRNA-101 and IL-6 expression and their involvement in the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. The study confirms alterations in UC patients' pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory IL-10. However, further investigations are needed to understand the exact role of miRNA-101 in UC pathogenesis fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qazaleh Voshagh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amir Anoshiravani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amin Karimpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, School of MedicineNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and MetabolismIran University of Medical ScienceTehranIran
| | - Ozra Tabatabaei‐Malazy
- Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Dou W, Xu H, Feng S, Liu T, Xiao L, Wu Y, Chen S, Pan Y, Wang X. The Alleviating Effects and Mechanisms of Betaine on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300376. [PMID: 37815169 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an intestinal disease that is becoming increasingly prevalent and is often overlooked in early stages, and its pathogenesis is often closely related to inflammatory processes. Betaine is a natural product with anti-inflammatory effects that exists in a wide range of plants and animals. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the protective effects of betaine are investigated on intestinal barrier function in a mouse model, a dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis and its mechanism of action in the inflammatory context. FITC-dextran 4000 Da (FD-4) flux, disease activity index, histopathological scores, and inflammatory factor levels in sera are determined across different groups. In addition, Caco-2 cell monolayer barrier function is evaluated by transepithelial resistance and FD-4 flux. The expression levels and distribution of tight junction proteins are determined using Western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively. Activation of the NF-κBp65/MLCK/p-MLC signaling pathway is detected by Western blot. Chromatin immunoprecipitation is performed to examine the binding of NF-κB to the MLCK gene promoter. The results indicated that betaine inhibits NF-κB-mediated activation of the MLCK/p-MLC signaling pathway to protect the intestinal barrier function of mice with UC. CONCLUSION Betaine can be used as a potential candidate drug to improve intestinal barrier dysfunction in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Dou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Yingchao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Shanwen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Yisheng Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
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5
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Wu J, Wu X, Cheng C, Liu L, Xu L, Xu Z, Wang S, Symmes D, Mo L, Chen R, Zhang J. Therapeutic targeting of vimentin by ALD-R491 impacts multiple pathogenic processes to attenuate acute and chronic colitis in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115648. [PMID: 37812892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, crucially contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by interacting with genetic risk factors, facilitating pathogen infection, and modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. This study aimed to demonstrate preclinical proof-of-concept for targeting vimentin therapeutically in IBD across diverse etiologies. METHODS The small molecule compound ALD-R491 was assessed for vimentin binding using microscale thermophoresis, off-target effects via Eurofins screening, and therapeutic effects in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis and in IL-10 KO with spontaneous colitis. Parameters measured included body weight, survival, disease activity, colon length, and histology. The study analyzed intestinal proinflammatory cytokines, Th17/Treg cells, and epithelial barrier molecules, along with gut microbiota profiling. RESULTS ALD-R491 specifically bound vimentin with a dissociation constant (KD) of 328 ± 12.66 nM and no off-target effects. In the DSS model, orally administered ALD-R491 exhibited dose-dependent therapeutic effects, superior to 5-ASA and Tofacitinib. In the IL-10 KO model, ALD-R491 significantly delayed colitis onset and progression, with near-zero disease activity index scores over a 15-week treatment. ALD-R491 consistently showed in both models a reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, a rebalanced Th17/Treg axis by reducing RORγt while enhancing FoxP3 expression, and an improved epithelial barrier integrity by increasing intestinal expressions of Mucin-2, ZO-1 and Claudin5. The intestinal dysbiosis was restored with enriched presence of probiotics. CONCLUSIONS Targeting vimentin exhibits significant therapeutic effects on various facets of IBD pathogenesis, representing a compelling approach for the development of highly effective treatments in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueting Wu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijing Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Deebie Symmes
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Union City, CA 94587, USA
| | - Lian Mo
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Union City, CA 94587, USA
| | - Ruihuan Chen
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Union City, CA 94587, USA; Luoda Biosciences, Inc., Chuzhou, Anhui, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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6
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Schulze LL, Becker E, Dedden M, Liu LJ, van Passen C, Mohamed-Abdou M, Müller TM, Wiendl M, Ullrich KAM, Atreya I, Leppkes M, Ekici AB, Kirchner P, Stürzl M, Sexton D, Palliser D, Atreya R, Siegmund B, Neurath MF, Zundler S. Differential Effects of Ontamalimab Versus Vedolizumab on Immune Cell Trafficking in Intestinal Inflammation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1817-1832. [PMID: 37208197 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The anti-MAdCAM-1 antibody ontamalimab demonstrated efficacy in a phase II trial in ulcerative colitis and results of early terminated phase III trials are pending, but its precise mechanisms of action are still unclear. Thus, we explored the mechanisms of action of ontamalimab and compared it to the anti-α4β7 antibody vedolizumab. METHODS We studied MAdCAM-1 expression with RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry. The mechanisms of action of ontamalimab were assessed with fluorescence microscopy, dynamic adhesion and rolling assays. We performed in vivo cell trafficking studies in mice and compared ontamalimab and vedolizumab surrogate [-s] antibodies in experimental models of colitis and wound healing. We analysed immune cell infiltration under anti-MAdCAM-1 and anti-α4β7 treatment by single-cell transcriptomics and studied compensatory trafficking pathways. RESULTS MAdCAM-1 expression was increased in active inflammatory bowel disease. Binding of ontamalimab to MAdCAM-1 induced the internalization of the complex. Functionally, ontamalimab blocked T cell adhesion similar to vedolizumab, but also inhibited L-selectin-dependent rolling of innate and adaptive immune cells. Despite conserved mechanisms in mice, the impact of ontamalimab-s and vedolizumab-s on experimental colitis and wound healing was similar. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated enrichment of ontamalimab-s-treated lamina propria cells in specific clusters, and in vitro experiments indicated that redundant adhesion pathways are active in these cells. CONCLUSIONS Ontamalimab has unique and broader mechanisms of action compared to vedolizumab. However, this seems to be compensated for by redundant cell trafficking circuits and leads to similar preclinical efficacy of anti-α4β7 and anti-MAdCAM-1 treatment. These results will be important for the interpretation of pending phase III data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Lou Schulze
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Emily Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mark Dedden
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Chiara van Passen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mariam Mohamed-Abdou
- Department of Surgery, Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Tanja M Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Wiendl
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Karen A M Ullrich
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Moritz Leppkes
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Kirchner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Department of Surgery, Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Dan Sexton
- Shire HGT, a Takeda company, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Yang Y, Xiao G, Cheng P, Zeng J, Liu Y. Protective Application of Chinese Herbal Compounds and Formulae in Intestinal Inflammation in Humans and Animals. Molecules 2023; 28:6811. [PMID: 37836654 PMCID: PMC10574200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder with uncertain pathophysiology and causation that has significantly impacted both the physical and mental health of both people and animals. An increasing body of research has demonstrated the critical role of cellular signaling pathways in initiating and managing intestinal inflammation. This review focuses on the interactions of three cellular signaling pathways (TLR4/NF-κB, PI3K-AKT, MAPKs) with immunity and gut microbiota to explain the possible pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation. Traditional medicinal drugs frequently have drawbacks and negative side effects. This paper also summarizes the pharmacological mechanism and application of Chinese herbal compounds (Berberine, Sanguinarine, Astragalus polysaccharide, Curcumin, and Cannabinoids) and formulae (Wumei Wan, Gegen-Qinlian decoction, Banxia xiexin decoction) against intestinal inflammation. We show that the herbal compounds and formulae may influence the interactions among cell signaling pathways, immune function, and gut microbiota in humans and animals, exerting their immunomodulatory capacity and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. This demonstrates their strong potential to improve gut inflammation. We aim to promote herbal medicine and apply it to multispecies animals to achieve better health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Y.); (G.X.); (P.C.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory, Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Y.); (G.X.); (P.C.)
| | - Pi Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Y.); (G.X.); (P.C.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory, Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Y.); (G.X.); (P.C.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory, Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yisong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Y.); (G.X.); (P.C.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory, Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410125, China
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8
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Jefremow A, Neurath MF. Novel Small Molecules in IBD: Current State and Future Perspectives. Cells 2023; 12:1730. [PMID: 37443765 PMCID: PMC10341073 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biologicals have dominated the therapeutic scenery in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), namely ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), for the past 20 years. The development of tofacitinib was the starting point for an era of small molecules after the era of biologicals. These new agents may challenge the use of biological agents in the future. They share properties that appeal to both patients and physicians. Low production costs, a lack of immunogenicity, and ease of use are only some of their benefits. On the other hand, patients and their physicians must manage the potential side effects of small molecules such as JAK inhibitors or S1P1R modulators. Here, we present agents that have already entered the clinical routine and those that are still being investigated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Jefremow
- Department of Medicine 1, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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9
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m6A modification in inflammatory bowel disease provides new insights into clinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114298. [PMID: 36706633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from a complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and gut microbes. The role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in the pathogenesis of IBD has attracted increasing attention. m6A modification not only regulates intestinal mucosal immunity and intestinal barrier function, but also affects apoptosis and autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, m6A modification participated in the interaction between gut microbes and the host, providing a novel direction to explore the molecular mechanisms of IBD and the theoretical basis for specific microorganism-oriented prevention and treatment measures. m6A regulators are expected to be biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of IBD patients. m6A methylation may be utilized as a novel target in the management of IBD. This review focused on the recent advances in how m6A modification causes the initiation and development of IBD, and provided new insights into optimal prevention and treatment measures for IBD.
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10
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Allocryptopine via the Target on the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis/GNB5/AKT/NF-κB/Apoptosis in Dextran Sulfate-Induced Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020464. [PMID: 36831001 PMCID: PMC9952939 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Allocryptopine (ALL) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Macleaya cordata(Willd). R. Br., which has been claimed to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection properties. However, the mechanism by which ALL ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. Here, we used network pharmacology and quantitative proteomic approaches to investigate the effect of ALL on IBD pathogenesis. Network pharmacology predicted potential targets and signaling pathways of ALL's anti-IBD effects. As predicted by network pharmacology, gene ontology (GO) analysis, in terms of the proteomic results, showed that the immune response in mucosa and antimicrobial humoral response were enriched. Further study revealed that the ALL-related pathways were the chemokine signaling pathway and apoptosis in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). In addition, we identified AKT1 as a hub for the critical pathways through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Similar to mesalazine (MES), Western blot verified that ALL downregulated upstream chemokine CX3CL1 and GNB5 content to reduce phosphorylation of AKT and NF-κB, as well as the degree of apoptosis, to improve inflammatory response in the colon. Our research may shed light on the mechanism by which ALL inhibits the CX3CL1/GNB5/AKT2/NF-κB/apoptosis pathway and improves the intestinal barrier to reduce colitis response and act on the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis to achieve neuroprotection.
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11
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Halablab SM, Alrazim A, Sadaka C, Slika H, Adra N, Ghusn W, Shmais M, Sharara AI. Smoking Is Not an Independent Risk Factor for Surgery in Patients with Crohn's Disease on Biologic Therapy. Inflamm Intest Dis 2023; 8:34-40. [PMID: 37404380 PMCID: PMC10315011 DOI: 10.1159/000530689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The development and course of inflammatory bowel disease appear to be influenced by environmental factors. Particularly, smoking has been shown to assume a harmful role in Crohn's disease (CD) and a protective role in ulcerative colitis. This study aims to examine the effect of smoking on need for surgery in patients with moderate to severe CD receiving biologic therapy. Methods This was a retrospective study of adult patients with CD at a University Medical Center over a 20-year period. Results A total of 251 patients were included (mean age 36.0 ± 15.0; 70.1% males; current, former, and nonsmokers: 44.2%, 11.6%, and 43.8%, respectively). Mean duration on biologics was 5.0 ± 3.1 years (>2/3 received anti-TNFs, followed by ustekinumab in 25.9%) and a third of patients (29.5%) received more than one biologic. Disease-related surgeries (abdominal, perianal, or both) occurred in 97 patients (38.6%): 50 patients had surgeries prior to starting biologics only, 41 had some surgeries after, and 6 had insufficient information. There was no significant difference in surgeries between ever-smokers (current or previous) versus nonsmokers in the overall study group. On logistic regression, the odds of having any CD surgery were higher in patients with longer disease duration (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.09) and in those receiving more than one biologic (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.16, 4.59). However, among patients who had surgery prior to biologic therapy, smokers were more likely to have perianal surgery compared to nonsmokers (OR = 10.6, 95% CI = 2.0, 57.4; p = 0.006). Conclusion In biologic-naive CD patients requiring surgery, smoking is an independent predictor of perianal surgery. Smoking, however, is not an independent risk factor for surgery in this cohort after starting biologics. The risk of surgery in those patients is primarily associated with disease duration and the use of more than one biologic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem M Halablab
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ayman Alrazim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christian Sadaka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Slika
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Adra
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wissam Ghusn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Manar Shmais
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ala I Sharara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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12
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Zhang Y, Feng X, Lin H, Chen X, He P, Wang Y, Chu Q. Tieguanyin extracts ameliorated DSS-induced mouse colitis by suppressing inflammation and regulating intestinal microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:13040-13051. [PMID: 36453715 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02781j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that a typical kind of oolong tea, Tieguanyin, has multiple health benefits, while there is no research investigating its effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we aimed to explore the alleviation effects of Tieguanyin water (TWE) and ethanol (TES) extracts on IBD. Physiological activity status, colitis severity (disease activity index (DAI), colon and spleen weight), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-17, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and IL-10) and microbiota composition were measured in experimental colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). TWE and TES exerted remarkable protective effects against experimental colitis, showing decreased colitis severity and improved colon morphology. TES also suppressed colonic inflammation via downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-17, and TGF-β) and upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In addition, TWE and TES treatment caused significant alterations in the gut microbiota. Oolong tea extract treatment reduced the community abundance of pernicious bacteria Escherichia-Shigella from 21.6% (DSS) to 0.9% (TES) and 1.2% (TWE), and elevated that of probiotics Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group from 2.2% to 15.2% (TES) and 11.9% (TWE). Therefore, TWE and TES both remarkably ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, which suggested oolong extracts could be a candidate for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhang
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinyu Feng
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haiyu Lin
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Puming He
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiang Chu
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
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13
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Argmann C, Hou R, Ungaro RC, Irizar H, Al-Taie Z, Huang R, Kosoy R, Venkat S, Song WM, Di'Narzo AF, Losic B, Hao K, Peters L, Comella PH, Wei G, Atreja A, Mahajan M, Iuga A, Desai PT, Branigan P, Stojmirovic A, Perrigoue J, Brodmerkel C, Curran M, Friedman JR, Hart A, Lamousé-Smith E, Wehkamp J, Mehandru S, Schadt EE, Sands BE, Dubinsky MC, Colombel JF, Kasarskis A, Suárez-Fariñas M. Biopsy and blood-based molecular biomarker of inflammation in IBD. Gut 2022:gutjnl-2021-326451. [PMID: 36109152 PMCID: PMC10014487 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IBD therapies and treatments are evolving to deeper levels of remission. Molecular measures of disease may augment current endpoints including the potential for less invasive assessments. DESIGN Transcriptome analysis on 712 endoscopically defined inflamed (Inf) and 1778 non-inflamed (Non-Inf) intestinal biopsies (n=498 Crohn's disease, n=421 UC and 243 controls) in the Mount Sinai Crohn's and Colitis Registry were used to identify genes differentially expressed between Inf and Non-Inf biopsies and to generate a molecular inflammation score (bMIS) via gene set variance analysis. A circulating MIS (cirMIS) score, reflecting intestinal molecular inflammation, was generated using blood transcriptome data. bMIS/cirMIS was validated as indicators of intestinal inflammation in four independent IBD cohorts. RESULTS bMIS/cirMIS was strongly associated with clinical, endoscopic and histological disease activity indices. Patients with the same histologic score of inflammation had variable bMIS scores, indicating that bMIS describes a deeper range of inflammation. In available clinical trial data sets, both scores were responsive to IBD treatment. Despite similar baseline endoscopic and histologic activity, UC patients with lower baseline bMIS levels were more likely treatment responders compared with those with higher levels. Finally, among patients with UC in endoscopic and histologic remission, those with lower bMIS levels were less likely to have a disease flare over time. CONCLUSION Transcriptionally based scores provide an alternative objective and deeper quantification of intestinal inflammation, which could augment current clinical assessments used for disease monitoring and have potential for predicting therapeutic response and patients at higher risk of disease flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruixue Hou
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ryan C Ungaro
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Haritz Irizar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zainab Al-Taie
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruiqi Huang
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roman Kosoy
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Won-Min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Antonio F Di'Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bojan Losic
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lauren Peters
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Phillip H Comella
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gabrielle Wei
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashish Atreja
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Milind Mahajan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alina Iuga
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Curran
- Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Amy Hart
- Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jan Wehkamp
- Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bruce E Sands
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marla C Dubinsky
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mayte Suárez-Fariñas
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA .,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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14
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Elfiky AMI, Hageman IL, Becker MAJ, Verhoeff J, Li Yim AYF, Joustra VW, Mulders L, Fung I, Rioja I, Prinjha RK, Smithers NN, Furze RC, Mander PK, Bell MJ, Buskens CJ, D’Haens GR, Wildenberg ME, de Jonge WJ. A BET Protein Inhibitor Targeting Mononuclear Myeloid Cells Affects Specific Inflammatory Mediators and Pathways in Crohn’s Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182846. [PMID: 36139421 PMCID: PMC9497176 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Myeloid cells are critical determinants of the sustained inflammation in Crohn’s Disease (CD). Targeting such cells may be an effective therapeutic approach for refractory CD patients. Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein inhibitors (iBET) are potent anti-inflammatory agents; however, they also possess wide-ranging toxicities. In the current study, we make use of a BET inhibitor containing an esterase sensitive motif (ESM-iBET), which is cleaved by carboxylesterase-1 (CES1), a highly expressed esterase in mononuclear myeloid cells. Methods: We profiled CES1 protein expression in the intestinal biopsies, peripheral blood, and CD fistula tract (fCD) cells of CD patients using mass cytometry. The anti-inflammatory effect of ESM-iBET or its control (iBET) were evaluated in healthy donor CD14+ monocytes and fCD cells, using cytometric beads assay or RNA-sequencing. Results: CES1 was specifically expressed in monocyte, macrophage, and dendritic cell populations in the intestinal tissue, peripheral blood, and fCD cells of CD patients. ESM-iBET inhibited IL1β, IL6, and TNFα secretion from healthy donor CD14+ monocytes and fCD immune cells, with 10- to 26-fold more potency over iBET in isolated CD14+ monocytes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ESM-iBET inhibited multiple inflammatory pathways, including TNF, JAK-STAT, NF-kB, NOD2, and AKT signaling, with superior potency over iBET. Conclusions: We demonstrate specific CES1 expression in mononuclear myeloid cell subsets in peripheral blood and inflamed tissues of CD patients. We report that low dose ESM-iBET accumulates in CES1-expressing cells and exerts robust anti-inflammatory effects, which could be beneficial in refractory CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. I. Elfiky
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Ishtu L. Hageman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marte A. J. Becker
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Free University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Y. F. Li Yim
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. Joustra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieven Mulders
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Fung
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | | | - Rebecca C. Furze
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Palwinder K. Mander
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Matthew J. Bell
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Christianne J. Buskens
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert R. D’Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon E. Wildenberg
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31205668163 or +31625387973
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15
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Liang X, Xie Y, Liu X, Xu H, Ren H, Tang S, Liu Q, Huang M, Shao X, Li C, Zhou Y, Geng M, Xie Z, Liu H. Discovery of Novel Imidazo[4,5- c]quinoline Derivatives to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) by Inhibiting Multiple Proinflammatory Signaling Pathways and Restoring Intestinal Homeostasis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11949-11969. [PMID: 36053746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a complex pathogenesis driven by immune inflammatory factors and intestinal microbiota, the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may rely on the comprehensive regulation of these important pathogenic factors to reach a favorable therapeutic effect. In the current study, we discovered a series of imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives that potently and simultaneously inhibited two primary proinflammatory signaling pathways JAK/STAT and NF-κB. Especially, lead compound 8l showed potent inhibitory activities against interferon-stimulated genes (IC50: 3.3 nM) and NF-κB pathways (IC50: 150.7 nM) and decreased the release of various proinflammatory factors at the nanomolar level, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12, and IFN-γ. In vivo, 8l produced a strong anti-inflammatory activity in both dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced acute enteritis models and restored the structural composition of gut microbiota. Collectively, this study provided valuable lead compounds for the treatment of IBD and revealed the great anti-inflammatory potential of the simultaneous suppression of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yongle Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xuyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Hairu Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310024, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xueqing Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Chunpu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zuoquan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310024, China
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16
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Holers VM, Kuhn KA, Demoruelle MK, Norris JM, Firestein GS, James EA, Robinson WH, Buckner JH, Deane KD. Mechanism-driven strategies for prevention of rheumatoid arthritis. RHEUMATOLOGY & AUTOIMMUNITY 2022; 2:109-119. [PMID: 36312783 PMCID: PMC9610829 DOI: 10.1002/rai2.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the onset of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis (IA) is typically preceded by a prolonged period of autoimmunity manifest by the presence of circulating autoantibodies that can include antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF). This period prior to clinical IA can be designated preclinical RA in those individuals who have progressed to a clinical diagnosis of RA, and an 'at-risk' status in those who have not developed IA but exhibit predictive biomarkers of future clinical RA. With the goal of developing RA prevention strategies, studies have characterized immune phenotypes of preclinical RA/at-risk states. From these studies, a model has emerged wherein mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may lead first to local autoantibody production that should normally be transient, but instead is followed by systemic spread of the autoimmunity as manifest by serum autoantibody elevations, and ultimately drives the development of clinically identified joint inflammation. This model can be envisioned as the progression of disease development through serial 'checkpoints' that in principle should constrain or resolve autoimmunity; however, instead the checkpoints 'fail' and clinical RA develops. Herein we review the immune processes that are likely to be present at each step and the potential therapeutic strategies that could be envisioned to delay, diminish, halt or even reverse the progression to clinical RA. Notably, these prevention strategies could utilize existing therapies approved for clinical RA, therapies approved for other diseases that target relevant pathways in the preclinical/at-risk state, or approaches that target novel pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gary S. Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA and VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | | | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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17
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Tackling Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Targeting Proinflammatory Cytokines and Lymphocyte Homing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091080. [PMID: 36145301 PMCID: PMC9502105 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic inflammatory disorders that are a result of an abnormal immune response mediated by a cytokine storm and immune cell infiltration. Proinflammatory cytokine therapeutic agents, represented by TNF inhibitors, have developed rapidly over recent years and are promising options for treating IBD. Antagonizing interleukins, interferons, and Janus kinases have demonstrated their respective advantages in clinical trials and are candidates for anti-TNF therapeutic failure. Furthermore, the blockade of lymphocyte homing contributes to the excessive immune response in colitis and ameliorates inflammation and tissue damage. Factors such as integrins, selectins, and chemokines jointly coordinate the accumulation of immune cells in inflammatory regions. This review assembles the major targets and agents currently targeting proinflammatory cytokines and lymphatic trafficking to facilitate subsequent drug development.
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18
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Sato M, Fujii K, Takagi H, Shibuya I, Oka D, Yamaya N, Hagita H, Matsumoto M, Inagaki K. Antibacterial and Immunosuppressive Effects of OPS-2071, a Candidate Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:3993-4007. [PMID: 34463880 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Although many types of drug are used, clinical outcomes are still unsatisfactory. Previous studies have suggested that intestinal bacteria are involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Accordingly, in an IBD model we evaluated the therapeutic effects of OPS-2071, a low-absorption quinolone antibacterial agent indicated for intestinal infection, and investigated its mechanism of action. METHODS The therapeutic effects of OPS-2071 and comparison therapies were evaluated using naive CD4 + T cell-transfer IBD model mice. In vitro inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-α production and inhibitory effects on T cell responses stimulated using anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-loaded beads were evaluated using mouse splenocytes and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, in vitro activities against bacteria implicated in IBD pathogenesis were tested. RESULTS OPS-2071 dose-dependently decreased both colonic weight/length ratio and the colitis histological score as compared with the vehicle group. The therapeutic effect of OPS-2071 was equivalent to that of anti-IL-12/23 (p40) antibody. In vitro, OPS-2071 suppressed TNF-α production induced by LPS stimulation and T cell responses in a dose-dependent manner. At high concentrations, these effects were comparable to those of existing immunosuppressive agents, such as prednisolone, in both mouse and human cells. OPS-2071 also showed antibacterial activity against IBD-related bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that OPS-2071 had both immunosuppressive and antibacterial effects. This dual effect makes OPS-2071 a unique and promising candidate for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Sato
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Innovations, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Fujii
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Innovations, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Takagi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Innovations, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan.
| | - Isao Shibuya
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Innovations, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Oka
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Innovations, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Naomitsu Yamaya
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Hiraku Hagita
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsumoto
- Pharmaceutical Business Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shinagawa Grand Central Tower, 2-16-4 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8242, Japan
| | - Katsuya Inagaki
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Innovations, New Drug Research Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 463-10, Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 771-0192, Japan
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19
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Yan Y, Li L, Wu K, Zhang G, Peng L, Liang Y, Wang Z. A Combination of Baicalin and Berberine Hydrochloride Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Modulating Colon Gut Microbiota. J Med Food 2022; 25:853-862. [PMID: 35980327 PMCID: PMC9419951 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalin and berberine hydrochloride are the main chemical compositions of Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma, respectively. S. Radix and C. Rhizoma are two traditional Chinese herbs that are commonly used together in compounded formulations to treat colitis. Therefore, the combination of Baicalin and berberine hydrochloride (BBH) to treat colitis was studied. The results of pharmacological evaluations demonstrated the excellent protective effects of BBH on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). BBH could improve the morphological condition of colitis in mice and maintain the balance of proinflammation cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammation cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). The 16s rDNA sequencing revealed that BBH was able to modulate the composition of intestinal microflora, especially the abundances of Eubacterium_brachy_group, Holdemania, Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG_003, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and Sellimonas. The results of PICRUSt indicated that the therapeutic effects of BBH were tightly connected with DNA synthesis, replication and repair of gut microbiota. In summary, it was concluded that BBH could protect mice against DSS-induced colitis, and the protective effects were tightly correlated with gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yan
- College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Luhan Li
- College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Kenan Wu
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yanni Liang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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20
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Yin Y, Liu K, Li G. Protective Effect of Prim-O-Glucosylcimifugin on Ulcerative Colitis and Its Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:882924. [PMID: 35662727 PMCID: PMC9158503 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.882924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial immune dysfunction or imbalance in the homeostasis of intestinal flora can lead to the occurrence or exacerbation of ulcerative colitis (UC). Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (POG) is an extract of Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) Saposhnikov, which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The present work discussed how the POG alternated ulcerative colitis (UC) along with its underlying mechanism. This was clarified by performing animal studies in a mice model, wherein UC was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). In vivo studies have found that POG increased clinical score, colonic length, and weight of mice in the ulcerative colitis model. It repaired the pathological injury of an intestinal mucosa within mice while inhibiting the inflammatory factor levels such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Meanwhile, by16SrDNA sequencing analysis, it was found that POG regulated the richness of intestinal microbiota structure and repaired the intestinal immune barrier by upregulating the expression levels of tight junction proteins Occludin, Claudin-3, and ZO-1. To further confirm the above results, we found in in vitro studies that POG also protected lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced RAW264.7 cells. POG dramatically suppressed inflammatory factor production (including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) within LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2, AKT, JNK1/2, IκB-α, P38, and P65 phosphorylation. In conclusion, POG plays a protective role against UC by inhibiting the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways MAPK, AKT, and NF-κB; repairing the integrity of the intestinal barrier; and regulating the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Kunjian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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21
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Nong C, Guan P, Li L, Zhang H, Hu H. Tumor immunotherapy: Mechanisms and clinical applications. MEDCOMM – ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mog2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Nong
- Center for Immunology and Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Pengbo Guan
- Center for Immunology and Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Li Li
- Center for Immunology and Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Center for Immunology and Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Center for Immunology and Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Chongqing International Institution for Immunology Chongqing China
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22
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Jiang J, Chen L, Chen Y, Chen H. Exclusive enteral nutrition remodels the intestinal flora in patients with active Crohn's disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 35501724 PMCID: PMC9059691 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are many hypotheses, the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) is not completely clear so far. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is a routine measure in the treatment of active CD. We aimed at investigating the impact of EEN on patients with active CD from microbial metabolomics. METHODS 16S-rDNA sequencing technology and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis were employed to investigate the modification of the intestinal flora and fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) during the EEN. RESULTS Seven patients with CD, who conducted EEN, were followed up successfully in the present study. The 8-week EEN resulted in a remission of the condition of subjects with active CD, as revealed by a significant decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P = 0.018), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.028), and Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) (P = 0.018). The nutrition of the subjects was improved after an 8-week treatment course with EEN, which was associated with an increase in body mess index (BMI) (P = 0.018) and serum albumin (ALB) (P = 0.018) levels. Furthermore, our investigations revealed a significantly increased abundance of Firmicutes paralleled by decreased levels of Proteobacteria. With respect to the genus, five species of bacteria including Ruminococcus (P = 0.01), Lachnospiraceae (P = 0.02), Anaerotruncus (P = 0.04), Flavonifractor (P = 0.04), and Novosphingobium (P = 0.05) showed significantly increased abundance. This was accompanied by relative changes in fecal short-chain fatty acids levels. Moreover, we successfully constructed a stable model by combining these five significantly different genera to predict the therapeutic effect of EEN on patients with CD (AUC = 0.9598). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that EEN can alleviate the condition and the nutrition of patients with active CD by regulating the intestinal flora and influencing the expression level of fecal short-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jiang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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23
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Wang G, Yuan J, Luo J, Ocansey DKW, Zhang X, Qian H, Xu W, Mao F. Emerging role of protein modification in inflammatory bowel disease. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:173-188. [PMID: 35261214 PMCID: PMC8913920 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves many factors, including environmental parameters, microorganisms, and the immune system. Although research on IBD continues to expand, the specific pathogenesis mechanism is still unclear. Protein modification refers to chemical modification after protein biosynthesis, also known as post-translational modification (PTM), which causes changes in the properties and functions of proteins. Since proteins can be modified in different ways, such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, the functions of proteins in different modified states will also be different. Transitions between different states of protein or changes in modification sites can regulate protein properties and functions. Such modifications like neddylation, sumoylation, glycosylation, and acetylation can activate or inhibit various signaling pathways (e.g., nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and protein kinase B (AKT)) by changing the intestinal flora, regulating immune cells, modulating the release of cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and ultimately leading to the maintenance of the stability of the intestinal epithelial barrier. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of PTM and describe its regulatory role in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jintao Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, the People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Zhenjiang 212300, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Directorate of University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast 02630, Ghana
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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24
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Tanaka Y, Luo Y, O'Shea JJ, Nakayamada S. Janus kinase-targeting therapies in rheumatology: a mechanisms-based approach. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:133-145. [PMID: 34987201 PMCID: PMC8730299 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The four Janus kinase (JAK) proteins and seven signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) transcription factors mediate intracellular signal transduction downstream of cytokine receptors, which are implicated in the pathology of autoimmune, allergic and inflammatory diseases. Development of targeted small-molecule therapies such as JAK inhibitors, which have varied selective inhibitory profiles, has enabled a paradigm shift in the treatment of diverse disorders. JAK inhibitors suppress intracellular signalling mediated by multiple cytokines involved in the pathological processes of rheumatoid arthritis and many other immune and inflammatory diseases, and therefore have the capacity to target multiple aspects of those diseases. In addition to rheumatoid arthritis, JAK inhibition has potential for treatment of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, spondyloarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and alopecia areata, in which stimulation of innate immunity activates adaptive immunity, leading to generation of autoreactive T cells and activation and differentiation of B cells. JAK inhibitors are also effective in the treatment of allergic disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, and can even be used for the COVID-19-related cytokine storm. Mechanism-based treatments targeting JAK-STAT pathways have the potential to provide positive outcomes by minimizing the use of glucocorticoids and/or non-specific immunosuppressants in the treatment of systemic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Tanaka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | - Yiming Luo
- Vasculitis Translational Research Program Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- Molecular Immunology & Inflammation Branch, and Translational Immunology Section, National Institute of Arthritis & Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shingo Nakayamada
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
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25
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Hamilton MK, Wall ES, Robinson CD, Guillemin K, Eisen JS. Enteric nervous system modulation of luminal pH modifies the microbial environment to promote intestinal health. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1009989. [PMID: 35143593 PMCID: PMC8830661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) controls many aspects of intestinal homeostasis, including parameters that shape the habitat of microbial residents. Previously we showed that zebrafish lacking an ENS, due to deficiency of the sox10 gene, develop intestinal inflammation and bacterial dysbiosis, with an expansion of proinflammatory Vibrio strains. To understand the primary defects resulting in dysbiosis in sox10 mutants, we investigated how the ENS shapes the intestinal environment in the absence of microbiota and associated inflammatory responses. We found that intestinal transit, intestinal permeability, and luminal pH regulation are all aberrant in sox10 mutants, independent of microbially induced inflammation. Treatment with the proton pump inhibitor, omeprazole, corrected the more acidic luminal pH of sox10 mutants to wild type levels. Omeprazole treatment also prevented overabundance of Vibrio and ameliorated inflammation in sox10 mutant intestines. Treatment with the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide, caused wild type luminal pH to become more acidic, and increased both Vibrio abundance and intestinal inflammation. We conclude that a primary function of the ENS is to regulate luminal pH, which plays a critical role in shaping the resident microbial community and regulating intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kristina Hamilton
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Elena S. Wall
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Catherine D. Robinson
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (KG); (JSE)
| | - Judith S. Eisen
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KG); (JSE)
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26
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New agents for immunosuppression. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 54-55:101763. [PMID: 34874846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2021.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The human abdomen harbors organs that the host's immune system can attack easily. This immunological storm front leads to diseases like Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis or Autoimmune Hepatitis. Serious symptoms like pain, diarrhea, fatigue, or malnutrition accompany these diseases. Moreover, many patients have an increased risk for developing special kind of malignancies and some autoimmune disease can show a high mortality. The key to treat them consists of a deep understanding of their pathophysiology. In vitro and especially in vivo basic research laid the foundation for our increasing knowledge about it during the past years. This enabled the development of new therapeutic approaches that interact directly with cytokines or immune cells instead of building the treatment on a total immunosuppression. Different kind of antibodies, kinase inhibitors, and regulatory T cells build the base for these approaches. This review shows new therapeutical approaches in gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases in context to their pathophysiological basis.
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27
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Manzini R, Schwarzfischer M, Atrott K, Laimbacher A, Lang S, Wawrzyniak M, Rickenbacher A, Turina M, Hruz P, Lissner D, Siegmund B, Rogler G, Scharl M, Spalinger MR. Combination of Vedolizumab With Tacrolimus Is More Efficient Than Vedolizumab Alone in the Treatment of Experimental Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:1986-1998. [PMID: 33847343 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vedolizumab is a widely used and safe therapy in inflammatory bowel disease, particularly in ulcerative colitis (UC), making it a promising candidate for enhanced efficacy by combining it with additional immunomodulatory medications. In this study, we studied the impact of vedolizumab monotreatment vs vedolizumab coadministration with other immunomodulatory drugs on intestinal inflammation and intestinal immune cells in vivo. METHODS Colon tissue from human patients with UC with active disease or in remission with or without vedolizumab treatment was stained by immunohistochemistry. We reconstituted NOD-SCID-SGM3 mice with human CD34+ cells and treated them with dextran sodium sulfate to induce acute colitis. Mice were treated with vedolizumab alone, or in combination with tacrolimus, ozanimid, or tofacitinib. RESULTS Vedolizumab reduced the number of CD3+ T cells and CD68+ monocytes/macrophages in the colon of patients with UC with active disease. Vedolizumab moderately decreased immune cell numbers in acute dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. The combination of vedolizumab with tacrolimus further reduced the number of infiltrating CD3+ T cells and CD68+ monocytes/macrophages and was superior in ameliorating intestinal inflammation when compared to vedolizumab monotreatment. In contrast, cotreatment using vedolizumab with ozanimod or tofacitinib had no additive effect. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that vedolizumab reduces the number of innate and adaptive immune cells in the mucosa of patients with UC. Further, the combination of vedolizumab with tacrolimus was more efficient to reduce immune cell numbers and to increase therapeutic efficacy than vedolizumab monotreatment. This finding indicates that combination treatment using these two drugs may be beneficial for patients who do not respond to vedolizumab monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Manzini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
| | - Marlene Schwarzfischer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
| | - Kirstin Atrott
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
| | - Andrea Laimbacher
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
| | - Silvia Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
| | - Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
| | - Andreas Rickenbacher
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Turina
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petr Hruz
- Clarunis Universitäres Bauchzentrum Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Donata Lissner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin. Department for Medicine (Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology), Berlin,Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin. Department for Medicine (Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology), Berlin,Germany
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrated Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrated Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marianne R Spalinger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,Switzerland
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Preclinical development of a bispecific TNFα/IL-23 neutralising domain antibody as a novel oral treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19422. [PMID: 34593832 PMCID: PMC8484351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-TNFα and anti-IL-23 antibodies are highly effective therapies for Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis in a proportion of patients. V56B2 is a novel bispecific domain antibody in which a llama-derived IL-23p19-specific domain antibody, humanised and engineered for intestinal protease resistance, V900, was combined with a previously-described TNFα-specific domain antibody, V565. V56B2 contains a central protease-labile linker to create a single molecule for oral administration. Incubation of V56B2 with trypsin or human faecal supernatant resulted in a complete separation of the V565 and V900 monomers without loss of neutralising potency. Following oral administration of V900 and V565 in mice, high levels of each domain antibody were detected in the faeces, demonstrating stability in the intestinal milieu. In ex vivo cultures of colonic biopsies from IBD patients, treatment with V565 or V900 inhibited tissue phosphoprotein levels and with a combination of the two, inhibition was even greater. These results support further development of V56B2 as an oral therapy for IBD with improved safety and efficacy in a greater proportion of patients as well as greater convenience for patients compared with traditional monoclonal antibody therapies.
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29
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Hartwig O, Shetab Boushehri MA, Shalaby KS, Loretz B, Lamprecht A, Lehr CM. Drug delivery to the inflamed intestinal mucosa - targeting technologies and human cell culture models for better therapies of IBD. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113828. [PMID: 34157320 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) seek to alleviate the undesirable symptoms of the disorder. Despite the higher specificity of newer generation therapeutics, e.g. monoclonal antibodies, adverse effects still arise from their interference with non-specific systemic immune cascades. To circumvent such undesirable effects, both conventional and newer therapeutic options can benefit from various targeting strategies. Of course, both the development and the assessment of the efficiency of such targeted delivery systems necessitate the use of suitable in vivo and in vitro models representing relevant pathophysiological manifestations of the disorder. Accordingly, the current review seeks to provide a comprehensive discussion of the available preclinical models with emphasis on human in vitro models of IBD, along with their potentials and limitations. This is followed by an elaboration on the advancements in the field of biology- and nanotechnology-based targeted drug delivery systems and the potential rooms for improvement to facilitate their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Hartwig
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Karim S Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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30
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Su Y, Fang X, Guo W. The alleviating effect and mechanism of Bilobalide on ulcerative colitis. Food Funct 2021; 12:6226-6239. [PMID: 34096560 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis can drive the onset or aggravation of ulcerative colitis (UC). Bilobalide (BI) is an extract of Ginkgo biloba that has been shown to exhibit a range of anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we explored functional and mechanistic effects of BI treatment in a rodent model of DSS-induced UC. These analyses revealed that BI treatment was sufficient to reduce disease severity, increase colon length, and normalize colon histological characteristics relative to those observed in DSS-treated model mice. BI also enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins associated with intestinal barrier integrity including ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-3. Through 16S rDNA sequencing analyses, BI was also found to influence the overall richness of the intestinal microbiome, promoting the proliferation of probiotic species including Lactobacillus. Consistent with these in vivo findings, BI treatment protected RAW264.7 cells against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory damage, suppressing the activation of the AKT/NF-κB p65 and MAPK signaling pathways in this experimental context. In summary, these findings revealed that BI can suppress MAPK and AKT/NF-κB p65 signaling, thereby suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, while additionally alleviating UC severity by facilitating repair of the intestinal epithelial barrier and the remodeling of intestinal microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
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31
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Huo LL, Sun ZR. MiR-128-3p alleviates TNBS-induced colitis through inactivating TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:795-802. [PMID: 34042286 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-128-3p is reported to involve in pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, yet the role of miR-128-3p in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unknown. To investigate miR-128-3p in IBD, experimental colitis animal model was generated by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution (TNBS). miR-128-3p agomir was used to overexpress miR-128-3p in rats. Histological assessment and myeloperoxidase activity were conducted to evaluate the TNBS-induced colitis. Effect of miR-128-3p overexpression on levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, ICAM-1, and MCP-1 was tested by ELISA assay. The target of miR-128-3p was predicted and further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expressions of TRAF6, p-NF-κB, and NF-κB were determined by western blot. The miR-128-3p level was significantly decreased in rats with TNBS-induced colitis. miR-128-3p could alleviate TNBS-induced colitis and inhibit production of inflammatory factors. We found TRAF6 was a direct target of miR-128-3p using bioinformatics and luciferase assay. By western blot, we discovered miR-128-3p activates NF-κB by targeting TRAF6. Our data reveal a novel mechanism that a decreased miR-128-3p level in TNBS-induced colitis could inhibit production of inflammatory factors, which activates NF-κB signaling by targeting TRAF6. Our findings might provide a novel therapeutic target for drug design and development for IBD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Huo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Rui Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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32
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Pabari RM, Tambuwala MM, Lajczak-McGinley N, Aljabali A, Kirby BP, Keely S, Ramtoola Z. Novel polyurethane based particulate formulations of infliximab reduce inflammation in DSS induced murine model of colitis - A preliminary study. Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120717. [PMID: 34015378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study showed that novel infliximab (INF) loaded polyesterurethane (INF-PU) and INF-PU-PEG particulate formulations reduced inflammation in an in-vitro epithelial inflammation model. In this study we investigated therapeutic potential of novel INF-PU and INF-PU-PEG particulate formulations to reduce inflammation in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced murine model of colitis. Severity of colitis was assessed by measurement of disease activity index (DAI) score, inflammatory markers (neutrophil infiltration, TNFα) and histological score. Treatment groups orally administered with INF-PU and INF-PU-PEG particulate formulations showed improvement in the clinical signs of colitis, similar to that observed with intraperitoneally administered INF, in both, moderate and severe DSS induced colitis model. This was related to a significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines, resulting in a significant reduction in histological score (ANOVA; p < 0.05), indicative of mucosal healing, a key goal of IBD therapy. This could be attributed to its targeted delivery to the inflamed colon and higher permeation of these particulate formulations across the inflamed colonic mucosa, as observed by the confocal images, resulting in local inhibition of TNFα at its site of production. These promising preliminary results warrant further investigation of orally administered INF and its novel particulate formulations in a wider preclinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh M Pabari
- RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County, Londonderry BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alaa Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Brian P Kirby
- RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Keely
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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33
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Judge C, Saeidi R, Sugrue K, Rabbitt L, Keogh A, Byron C, Zulquernain SA, Gleeson S, O'Toole A, Buckley M, Slattery E, Doherty G, McCarthy J. Combining Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: End of the Line or a New Era? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:956-959. [PMID: 33544119 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran Judge
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Reza Saeidi
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology and Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathleen Sugrue
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Louise Rabbitt
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aine Keogh
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Clodagh Byron
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Syed Akbar Zulquernain
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarah Gleeson
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aoibhlinn O'Toole
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Beaumont University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Buckley
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin Slattery
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Glen Doherty
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology and Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane McCarthy
- INITIative, Investigator Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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34
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Phytochemicals Targeting JAK-STAT Pathways in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from Animal Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092824. [PMID: 34068714 PMCID: PMC8126249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that consists of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Cytokines are thought to be key mediators of inflammation-mediated pathological processes of IBD. These cytokines play a crucial role through the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways. Several small molecules inhibiting JAK have been used in clinical trials, and one of them has been approved for IBD treatment. Many anti-inflammatory phytochemicals have been shown to have potential as new drugs for IBD treatment. This review describes the significance of the JAK–STAT pathway as a current therapeutic target for IBD and discusses the recent findings that phytochemicals can ameliorate disease symptoms by affecting the JAK–STAT pathway in vivo in IBD disease models. Thus, we suggest that phytochemicals modulating JAK–STAT pathways are potential candidates for developing new therapeutic drugs, alternative medicines, and nutraceutical agents for the treatment of IBD.
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35
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Escudero-Hernández C, van Beelen Granlund A, Bruland T, Sandvik AK, Koch S, Østvik AE, Münch A. Transcriptomic Profiling of Collagenous Colitis Identifies Hallmarks of Nondestructive Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:665-687. [PMID: 33930606 PMCID: PMC8267496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The pathophysiology of the inflammatory bowel disease collagenous colitis (CC) is poorly described. Our aim was to use RNA sequencing of mucosal samples from patients with active CC, CC in remission, refractory CC, ulcerative colitis (UC), and control subjects to gain insight into CC pathophysiology, identify genetic signatures linked to CC, and uncover potentially druggable disease pathways. METHODS We performed whole transcriptome sequencing of CC samples from patients before and during treatment with the corticosteroid drug budesonide, CC steroid-refractory patients, UC patients, and healthy control subjects (n = 9-13). Bulk mucosa and laser-captured microdissected intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) gene expression were analyzed by gene set enrichment and gene set variation analyses to identify significant pathways and cells, respectively, altered in CC. Leading genes and cells were validated using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We identified an activation of the adaptive immune response to bacteria and viruses in active CC that could be mediated by dendritic cells. Moreover, IECs display hyperproliferation and increased antigen presentation in active CC. Further analysis revealed that genes related to the immune response (DUOX2, PLA2G2A, CXCL9), DNA transcription (CTR9), protein processing (JOSD1, URI1), and ion transport (SLC9A3) remained dysregulated even after budesonide-induced remission. Budesonide-refractory CC patients fail to restore normal gene expression, and displayed a transcriptomic profile close to UC. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed the implication of innate and adaptive immune responses in CC, governed by IECs and dendritic cells, respectively, and identified ongoing epithelial damage. Refractory CC could share pathomechanisms with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atle van Beelen Granlund
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torunn Bruland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Medicine, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Kristian Sandvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Medicine, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stefan Koch
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ann Elisabet Østvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Medicine, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Münch
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Health, Medicine, and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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36
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Psoriasis and Gut Microbiome-Current State of Art. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094529. [PMID: 33926088 PMCID: PMC8123672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects around 125 million people worldwide. Several studies concerning the gut microbiota composition and its role in disease pathogenesis recently demonstrated significant alterations among psoriatic patients. Certain parameters such as Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio or Psoriasis Microbiome Index were developed in order to distinguish between psoriatic and healthy individuals. The “leaky gut syndrome” and bacterial translocation is considered by some authors as a triggering factor for the onset of the disease, as it promotes chronic systemic inflammation. The alterations were also found to resemble those in inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity and certain cardiovascular diseases. Microbiota dysbiosis, depletion in SCFAs production, increased amount of produced TMAO, dysregulation of the pathways affecting the balance between lymphocytes populations seem to be the most significant findings concerning gut physiology in psoriatic patients. The gut microbiota may serve as a potential response-to-treatment biomarker in certain cases of biological treatment. Oral probiotics administration as well as fecal microbial transplantation were most reported in bringing health benefits to psoriatic patients. However, the issue of psoriatic bacterial gut composition, its role and healing potential needs further investigation. Here we reviewed the literature on the current state of the relationship between psoriasis and gut microbiome.
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37
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Deleu S, Machiels K, Raes J, Verbeke K, Vermeire S. Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: An overlooked therapy for IBD? EBioMedicine 2021; 66:103293. [PMID: 33813134 PMCID: PMC8047503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome and the intestinal immune system are driving contributors to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Both have an important signalling factor in common: short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) are produced by bacterial fermentation in the gut and exert several effects on host metabolism and immune system. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of these effects, with specific focus on energy metabolism, intestinal barrier, immune system, and disease activity in IBD. To conclude, more research is needed on the cross-feeding mechanisms in the gut microbiome, as well as on the therapeutic potential of SCFAs on different disease models. Also randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies should investigate the clinical impact of SCFA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Deleu
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing [CHROMETA], Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Machiels
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing [CHROMETA], Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristin Verbeke
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing [CHROMETA], Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism & Ageing [CHROMETA], Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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38
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Zhang C, Ju J, Wu X, Yang J, Yang Q, Liu C, Chen L, Sun X. Tripterygium wilfordii Polyglycoside Ameliorated TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats via Regulating Th17/Treg Balance in Intestinal Mucosa. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1243-1255. [PMID: 33833546 PMCID: PMC8021269 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s293961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the therapeutic effect of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside (TWP), a derivative from a Chinese traditional herb, on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, in a model for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. Methods TWP was administrated to Wistar rats during TNBS-induced colitis to determine its therapeutic effect on active inflammation using the Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells were isolated from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and incubated with TWP to verify its immune regulation mechanism by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Results Intragastric administration of TWP attenuated the severity of intestinal inflammation in TNBS-induced rat colitis, characterized by decreased DAI, histopathological scores, and expression of IL-6, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-17A in intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, TWP reduced IL-17A+CD4+ T-cells, while enhanced Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T-cells in peripheral blood, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and spleen in rat colitis. Downstream signaling including ROR-γt, STAT3, and HIF1α expression in intestinal mucosa were suppressed by TWP. In addition, incubation with TWP suppressed IL-17A+CD4+ T-cell differentiation, while it promoted Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T-cell differentiation in CD4+ T-cells isolated from UC patients. Conclusion TWP successfully ameliorated experimental rat colitis via regulating innate immune responses as well as Th17/Treg balance in intestinal mucosa, peripheral blood, MLN, and spleen. Moreover, the differentiation of peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell isolated from patients with UC was modulated by TWP. TWP may act as an optional complementary and alternative medicine for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Ju
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaolan Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglu Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqin Liu
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Mucosal Epithelial Jak Kinases in Health and Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6618924. [PMID: 33814980 PMCID: PMC7990561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6618924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinases (Jaks) are a family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that include four different members, viz., Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, and Tyk2. Jaks play critical roles in immune cells functions; however, recent studies suggest they also play essential roles in nonimmune cell physiology. This review highlights the significance of epithelial Jaks in understanding the molecular basis of some of the diseases through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell survival, cell growth, development, and differentiation. Growth factors and cytokines produced by the cells of hematopoietic origin use Jak kinases for signal transduction in both immune and nonimmune cells. Among Jaks, Jak3 is widely expressed in both immune cells and in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of both humans and mice. Mutations that abrogate Jak3 functions cause an autosomal severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) while activating Jak3 mutations lead to the development of hematologic and epithelial cancers. A selective Jak3 inhibitor CP-690550 (Xeljanz) approved by the FDA for certain chronic inflammatory conditions demonstrates immunosuppressive activity in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and organ transplant rejection. Here, we also focus on the consequences of Jak3-directed drugs on adverse effects in light of recent discoveries in mucosal epithelial functions of Jak3 with some information on other Jaks. Lastly, we brief on structural implications of Jak3 domains beyond the immune cells. As information about the roles of Jak3 in gastrointestinal functions and associated diseases are only just emerging, in the review, we summarize its implications in gastrointestinal wound repair, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity-associated metabolic syndrome, and epithelial cancers. Lastly, we shed lights on identifying potential novel targets in developing therapeutic interventions of diseases associated with dysfunctional IEC.
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Ngo VL, Kuczma M, Maxim E, Denning TL. IL-36 cytokines and gut immunity. Immunology 2021; 163:145-154. [PMID: 33501638 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 36 (IL-36) constitutes a group of cytokines that belong to the IL-1 superfamily. Emerging evidence has suggested a role of IL-36 in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory disorders. Intriguingly, in the gastrointestinal tract, IL-36 has a rather complex function. IL-36 receptor ligands are overexpressed in both animal colitis models and human IBD patients and may play both pathogenic and protective roles, depending on the context. IL-36 cytokines comprise three receptor agonists: IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ, and two receptor antagonists: IL-36Ra and IL-38. All IL-36 receptor agonists bind to the IL-36R complex and exert pleiotropic effects during inflammatory settings. Here, we first briefly review the processing and secretion of IL-36 cytokines. We then focus on the current understanding of the immunology effects of IL-36 in gut immunity. In addition, we also discuss the ongoing trials that aim to blockage IL-36R signalling for treating chronic intestinal inflammation and present some unexplored questions regarding IL-36 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu L Ngo
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michal Kuczma
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Estera Maxim
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Timothy L Denning
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Deepak P, Ludwig DR, Fidler JL, Guglielmo FF, Bruining DH. Medical and Endoscopic Management of Crohn Disease. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 30:43-61. [PMID: 33528211 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this review, through a series of questions and answers, we explore the current approach to classifying patients with Crohn disease into low-risk (mild-moderate) and high-risk (moderate-severe) categories with the recommended treatment approaches per guidelines from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, American Gastroenterological Association, the American College of Gastroenterology, and the European Crohn's and Colitis Organization detailed here. The development pipeline of potential therapies is also summarized. We also review key information from magnetic resonance enterography and pelvis imaging studies that the abdominal radiologist can communicate to a multidisciplinary treatment team that includes gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons, with a goal of achieving optimal patient outcomes. Lastly, endoscopic and radiological treatment targets in a treat-to-target approach in Crohn disease are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parakkal Deepak
- Washington University Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Daniel R Ludwig
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeff L Fidler
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Flavius F Guglielmo
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David H Bruining
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
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Cornelian Cherry Iridoid-Polyphenolic Extract Improves Mucosal Epithelial Barrier Integrity in Rat Experimental Colitis and Exerts Antimicrobial and Antiadhesive Activities In Vitro. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7697851. [PMID: 33299531 PMCID: PMC7707999 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7697851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aims Inflammatory bowel disease pharmacotherapy, despite substantial progress, is still not satisfactory for both patients and clinicians. In view of the chronic and relapsing disease course and not always effective treatment with adverse effects, attempts to search for new, more efficient, and safer substances are essential and reasonable. This study was designed to elucidate the impact of cornelian cherry iridoid-polyphenolic extract (CE) and loganic acid (LA) on adherent-invasive E. coli growth and adhesion in vitro and to assess the effect of pretreatment with CE or LA on the course of intestinal inflammation in rat experimental colitis compared with sulfasalazine. Methods Antibacterial and antiadhesive activities of CE and LA were assessed using microdilution, Int407 cell adherence, and yeast agglutination assays. The colitis model was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. Studied substances were administered intragastrically for 16 days prior to colitis induction. Body weight loss; colon index; histological injuries; IL-23, IL-17, TNF-α, and chemerin levels; and STAT3, Muc2, and TFF3 mRNA expression were evaluated. Results Only CE exerted antimicrobial and antiadhesive activities in vitro and alleviated colonic symptoms. CE coadministrated with sulfasalazine was more effective than single compounds in reversing increased concentrations of TNF-α, IL-17, and chemerin and decreased Muc2 mRNA expression. Conclusions CE exerted a protective effect against experimental colitis via impaired mucosal epithelial barrier restoration and intestinal inflammatory response attenuation and given concomitantly with sulfasalazine counteracted colitis in a more effective way than sulfasalazine alone, which indicates their synergistic interaction. The beneficial effect of CE may also be due to its bacteriostatic and antiadhesive activities.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Janus kinases inhibitors (JAKi) are new small molecules recently introduced in the armamentarium of treatments for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Janus Kinases (JAK) are tyrosine kinases that act by linkage with different intracellular receptors, regulating cytokines gene transcription implicated in the inflammatory burden seen in IBD patients. AREAS COVERED A comprehensive literature search was performed to retrieve studies on JAKi and IBD to discuss the latest developments and how the selectivity of these drugs is changing the natural course of IBD. EXPERT OPINION Available data on efficacy and safety of JAKi in IBD are highly encouraging and because of their selectivity, these drugs might become among the foremost options in the treatment algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Roda
- IBD Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS - , Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Dal Buono
- IBD Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS - , Milan, Italy
| | - Marjorie Argollo
- Gastroenterology, Universidade Federal De São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvio Danese
- IBD Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS - , Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University , Milan, Italy
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Zielińska M, Szymaszkiewicz A, Jacenik D, Schodel L, Sałaga M, Zatorski H, Kordek R, Becker C, Krajewska WM, Fichna J. Cyclic derivative of morphiceptin Dmt-cyclo-(D-Lys-Phe-D-Pro-Asp)-NH2(P-317), a mixed agonist of MOP and KOP opioid receptors, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173463. [PMID: 32835668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous opioid system is involved in the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis. Recently, we proved that stimulation of opioid receptors using P-317, a cyclic morphiceptin analog, resulted in the alleviation of acute colitis in mice. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of P-317 during colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice. Colitis was induced by addition of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) into drinking water. Colitis-associated colorectal cancer was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and subsequent addition of DSS into drinking water (week 2, 5, 8). During macroscopic damage evaluation the samples were collected and used for biochemical (MPO activity assay), molecular (qPCR and western blot) and histological studies. In experimental colitis, P-317 induced an anti-inflammatory response as indicated by macroscopic and microscopic scores. In the colitis-associated colorectal cancer model, a significant difference in colorectal tumor development was observed between vehicle- and P-317-treated mice. P-317 decreased the total number of colonic tumors and inhibited MPO activity. Hematoxylin and eosin staining confirmed anti-tumor activity of P-317. The expression of TNF-α was decreased in P-317-treated mice as compared to the vehicle-treated group. P-317 decreased proliferation as well as β-catenin expression in tumors. P-317, a mixed MOP and KOP receptor agonist, induced an anti-inflammatory response in experimental colitis and decreased tumor development in colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zielińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Szymaszkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Lena Schodel
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maciej Sałaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Hubert Zatorski
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Digestive Diseases, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Radzisław Kordek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wanda M Krajewska
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Jakubczyk D, Leszczyńska K, Górska S. The Effectiveness of Probiotics in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)-A Critical Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071973. [PMID: 32630805 PMCID: PMC7400428 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which affects millions of people worldwide, includes two separate diseases: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the background (chronic inflammatory state) and some of the symptoms of CD and UC are similar, both diseases differ from each other. It is becoming clear that a combination of many factors, in particular genetic background, host immune response and microbial reduced diversity status are associated with IBD. One potential strategy to prevent/treat IBD is gut modulation by probiotics. Over the last twenty years, many publications have focused on the role of probiotics in the course of IBD. The review discusses the utility of different strains of probiotics, especially Bifidobacterium spp., in all factors potentially involved in the etiology of IBD. The probiotic modulatory properties among different study models (cell lines, animal models of colitis, clinical study) are discussed and probiotic usefulness is assessed in relation to the treatment, prevention, and remission of diseases.
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What's new in IBD therapy: An "omics network" approach. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104886. [PMID: 32428668 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The industrial revolution that began in the late 1800s has resulted in dramatic changes in the environment, human lifestyle, dietary habits, social structure, and so on. Almost certainly because this rapid evolution has outpaced the ability of the body to adapt to a number of environmental and behavioral changes, there has been a parallel emergence of several chronic inflammatory diseases, among which are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), primarily ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The ability to treat these conditions has progressively improved in the last 50 years, particularly in the last couple of decades with the introduction of biological therapy targeting primarily soluble mediators produced by inflammatory cells. A large number of biologics are now available, but all of them induce similarly unsatisfactory (<50%) rates of clinical response and remission, and most of them lose efficacy over time, requiring dose escalation or switching from one biologic to another. So, treatment of IBD still needs improvement that will occur only if different approaches are taken. A reason why even the most recent forms of IBD therapy are unsatisfactory is because they target only selected components of an exceedingly complex pathophysiological process, a reality that must be honestly considered if better IBD therapies are to be achieved. Brand new approaches must integrate all relevant factors in their totality - the "omes" - and identify the key controllers of biological responses. This can be accomplished by using systems biology-based approaches and advanced bioinformatics tools, which together represent the essence of network medicine. This review looks at the past and the present of IBD pathogenesis and therapy, and discusses how to develop new therapies based on a network medicine approach.
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Bertani L, Caviglia GP, Antonioli L, Pellicano R, Fagoonee S, Astegiano M, Saracco GM, Bugianesi E, Blandizzi C, Costa F, Ribaldone DG. Serum Interleukin-6 and -8 as Predictors of Response to Vedolizumab in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051323. [PMID: 32370274 PMCID: PMC7290461 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vedolizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against integrin α4β7, is an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases. However, a significant number of patients do not achieve steroid-free clinical remission in the first year of treatment. An early identification of these patients is one of the most important challenges for clinicians and offers the possibility of therapeutic optimization in order to personalize biological therapy. The aim of our study was to test the prediction ability of interleukin (IL)-6 and -8 of clinical response after 12 months of therapy with vedolizumab (T2). We performed a prospective, multicentre study in patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease by analysing cytokines level before starting vedolizumab (T0) and after 10 weeks of therapy (T1). In the overall cohort (n = 54), IL-8 decrease > 2.6 pg/mL in the first 10 weeks of therapy was able to predict clinical response (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.70, sensitivity = 66%, specificity = 75%, p = 0.010), negative C-reactive protein (CRP) (AUC = 0.71, sensitivity = 64%, specificity = 80%, p = 0.009) and calprotectin < 250 mg/kg (AUC = 0.69, sensitivity = 64%, specificity = 78%, p = 0.030) after 44 weeks of therapy. In patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 40), baseline IL-8 values > 8.6 pg/mL and a decrease of IL-6 values > 0.4 pg/mL from T0 to T1 were significant and independent predictors of clinical response after 12 months of vedolizumab therapy (odds ratio (OR) = 6.96, 95% CI 1.27–38.22, p = 0.026 and OR = 7.29, 95% CI 1.42–37.50, p = 0.017, respectively). In patients with Crohn’s disease (n = 14), baseline IL-8 values > 8.6 pg/mL and baseline IL-6 values > 1.6 pg/mL allowed the identification of patients achieving negative CRP at T2 (AUC = 0.75, sensitivity = 74%, specificity = 76%, p < 0.001) and patients with faecal calprotectin values < 250 mg/kg at T2 (AUC = 0.71, sensitivity = 78%, specificity = 63%, p = 0.004). In conclusion, our study highlights a potential clinical role of serum cytokine levels for the prediction of clinical and biochemical steroid-free response in patients treated with vedolizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bertani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.P.C.); (D.G.R.); Tel.: +39–011–6333918 (D.G.R.)
| | - Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.A.); (C.B.)
| | - Rinaldo Pellicano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy; (R.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR c/o Molecular Biotechnology Centre, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Marco Astegiano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy; (R.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Giorgio Maria Saracco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.A.); (C.B.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, Pisa University Hospital, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.P.C.); (D.G.R.); Tel.: +39–011–6333918 (D.G.R.)
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Yu T, Wang Z, Jie W, Fu X, Li B, Xu H, Liu Y, Li M, Kim E, Yang Y, Cho JY. The kinase inhibitor BX795 suppresses the inflammatory response via multiple kinases. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 174:113797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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On-Treatment Decrease of Serum Interleukin-6 as a Predictor of Clinical Response to Biologic Therapy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030800. [PMID: 32183476 PMCID: PMC7141255 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) undergoing biologic therapy, biomarkers of treatment response are still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate whether serum zonulin, a biomarker of intestinal permeability; soluble CD163 (sCD163), a macrophage activation marker; and a panel of serum cytokines could predict the response to biologic treatment in patients with IBD. For this purpose, we prospectively enrolled 101 patients with IBD and 19 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as a control group; 60 out of 101 patients underwent treatment with biologics. Zonulin, sCD163, and cytokines were measured at the baseline in all patients and after 10 weeks of treatment in the 60 patients who underwent biologic therapy. We observed that zonulin levels were higher in IBD patients with active disease compared to those in remission (p = 0.035), and that sCD163 values were higher in patients with IBD compared to those with IBS (p = 0.042), but no association with therapy response was observed for either biomarker. Conversely, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha showed a significant reduction from baseline to week 10 of treatment, particularly in responder patients. By multivariate logistic regression analysis corrected for disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), type of biologic drug (Infliximab, Adalimumab, Vedolizumab, or Ustekinumab) and disease activity, the reduction in IL-6 values was associated with a clinical response at 12 months of biological therapy (odds ratio (OR) = 4.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–18.02, p = 0.022). In conclusion, the measurement of serum IL-6 in biologics-treated IBD patients may allow for the prediction of response to treatment at 12 months of therapy and thus may help with tailoring personalized treatment strategies.
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