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Geng Y, Zhang C, He P, Wang Y, Kong L, Li Z, Wei B, Ma Y, Liang H, Ding C, Tie C. Urine LMs quantitative analysis strategy development and LMs CWP biomarkers discovery. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 171:106816. [PMID: 38302009 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is one of the most common inhalation occupational diseases. It is no effective treatment methods. Early diagnosis of CWP could reduce mortality. Lipid mediators (LMs) as key mediators in the generation and resolution of inflammation, are natural biomarkers for diagnosis inflammatory disease, such as CWP. The UHPLC-MRM technique was used to detect LMs in urine. The metabolic network of LMs in CWP and CT group samples was comprehensively analyzed. Screening for major difference compounds between the two groups. Aimed to contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of CWP. Urinary levels of 13-OxoODE, 9-OxoODE, and 9,10-EpOME were significantly higher in the CWP group compared with the CT group (P < 0.05). In the model group, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for 9-OxoODE,13-OxoODE,9,10-EpOME was 84.4%, 73.3%, and 80.9%, respectively. In the validation group, the area under the ROC was 87.0%, 88.8%, and 68.8% for 9-OxoODE,13-OxoODE,9,10-EpOME, respectively. According to the logistic regression model, the area under the ROC was 80.4% in the model group and 86.7% in the validation group. 13-OxoODE,9-OxoODE,9,10-EpOME could be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis. Significant abnormalities of LOX and CYP450 enzyme pathways were seen in CWP organisms. Changes in the CYP450 enzyme pathway may be associated with PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunmin Zhang
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, NHC, 27 Shilong North Road, Beijing 102308, China
| | - Ping He
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingfei Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bin Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Handong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunguang Ding
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, NHC, 27 Shilong North Road, Beijing 102308, China
| | - Cai Tie
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Ding11 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wang C, Kaufmann A, Kampschulte N, Elbelt U, Kassner U, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Pietzner A, Schmöcker C, Datta D, Sanpietro T, Schebb NH, Weylandt KH, Rohwer N. Changing from lipoprotein apheresis to evolocumab treatment lowers circulating levels of arachidonic acid and oxylipins. ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2024; 55:55-62. [PMID: 38390468 PMCID: PMC10881432 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Previous studies have shown that lipoprotein apheresis can modify the plasma lipidome and pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic lipid mediators. This has not been examined for treatment with protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors such as evolocumab, which are increasingly used instead of lipoprotein apheresis in treatment-resistant familial hypercholesterolemia. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of evolocumab treatment and lipoprotein apheresis on the fatty acid profile and on formation of lipid mediators in blood samples. Methods We analyzed blood samples from 37 patients receiving either lipoprotein apheresis or evolocumab treatment as part of a previous study. Patients were stratified according to receiving lipoprotein apheresis (n = 19) and evolocumab treatment (n = 18). Serum fatty acid analysis was performed using gas chromatography flame ionization detection and plasma oxylipin analysis was done using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results Changing from lipoprotein apheresis to evolocumab treatment led to lower levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) including arachidonic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and linoleic acid. Moreover, several n-6 PUFA-derived oxylipins were reduced after evolocumab treatment. Conclusions Given that arachidonic acid, either directly or as a precursor, is associated with the development of inflammation and atherosclerosis, evolocumab-mediated reductions of arachidonic acid and its metabolites might have an additional beneficial effect to lower cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxuan Wang
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Kaufmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nadja Kampschulte
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ulf Elbelt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- MVZ Endokrinologikum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Kassner
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Pietzner
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmöcker
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dev Datta
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Llandough, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tiziana Sanpietro
- Lipoapheresis Unit, Reference Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Dyslipidemias, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karsten-H Weylandt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nadine Rohwer
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
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Wang C, Liu XL, Sun Q, Zhao FY, Dai PQ, Li LX, Hu DG. Apple consumption affects cecal health by regulating 12 S-hydroxy-5 Z,8 Z,10 E,14 Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12( S)-HETE) levels through modifying the microbiota in rats. Food Funct 2023; 14:9419-9433. [PMID: 37795613 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03207h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Apples are rich in many nutrients and functional components. However, the mechanism of the effect of fresh apple consumption on rats remains unclear. In the present study, fresh apples (10 g kg-1) were added to the diet of Wistar rats, and changes in the microbiota and metabolite content of the cecum were analyzed after 28 days of feeding, and changes in the 12S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HETE) content and indicators related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were detected. Subsequently, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) protocol was designed and carried out to verify the relationship between the microbiota and 12(S)-HETE, the cecal structure, and inflammatory factors. The results show that apple consumption significantly reduced the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), altered the cecal histomorphology, and significantly upregulated the gene expression of claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), which encode tight junction proteins. Apple consumption also changed the structure of the cecal microbiota, increasing the abundance of some species (such as Shuttleworthia) and decreasing the abundance of others (such as Alphaproteobacteria). Metabolomic screening identified 64 significantly different metabolites. The FMT results showed that apple consumption reduced 12(S)-HETE metabolite levels in the cecal contents, improved the intestinal structure, and reduced the levels of proinflammatory factor expression by altering the cecal microbiota. In conclusion, this study provides further insight into the effects of apples on animals using rats as experimental animals. It provides basic data for future exploration of the mechanisms of the effect of apple consumption on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P.R. China.
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | - Quan Sun
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | | | - Pei-Qiang Dai
- Shandong Delta Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Taian, Shandong, 271000, P.R., China
| | - Ling-Xing Li
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, P.R. China.
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P.R. China.
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
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Yu H, Douglas HF, Wathieu D, Braun RA, Edomwande C, Lightell DJ, Pham T, Klingenberg NC, Bishop SP, Khismatullin DB, Woods TC. Diabetes is accompanied by secretion of pro-atherosclerotic exosomes from vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:112. [PMID: 37179303 PMCID: PMC10183121 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a common co-morbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Monocyte recruitment by an activated endothelium and the pro-inflammatory activity of the resulting macrophages are critical components of atherosclerosis. Exosomal transfer of microRNAs has emerged as a paracrine signaling mechanism regulating atherosclerotic plaque development. MicroRNAs-221 and -222 (miR-221/222) are elevated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of diabetic patients. We hypothesized that the transfer of miR-221/222 via VSMC-derived exosomes from diabetic sources (DVEs) promotes increased vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque development. METHODS Exosomes were obtained from VSMCs, following exposure to non-targeting or miR-221/-222 siRNA (-KD), isolated from diabetic (DVEs) and non-diabetic (NVEs) sources and their miR-221/-222 content was measured using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Expression of adhesion molecules and the adhesion of monocytes was measured following exposure to DVEs and NVEs. Macrophage phenotype following exposure to DVEs was determined by measuring mRNA markers and secreted cytokines. Age-matched apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice null (ApoE-/-) mice were maintained on Western diet for 6 weeks and received injections of saline, NVEs, NVE-KDs, DVEs or DVE-KDs every other day. Atherosclerotic plaque formation was measured using Oil Red Oil staining. RESULTS Exposure of human umbilical vein and coronary artery endothelial cells to DVEs, but not NVEs, NVE-KDs, or DVE-KDs promoted increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and monocyte adhesion. DVEs but not NVEs, NVE-KDs, or DVE-KDs also promoted pro-inflammatory polarization of human monocytes in a miR-221/222 dependent manner. Finally, intravenous administration of DVEs, but not NVEs, resulted in a significant increase in atherosclerotic plaque development. CONCLUSION These data identify a novel paracrine signaling pathway that promotes the cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hunter F Douglas
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Donald Wathieu
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Ryan A Braun
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Christine Edomwande
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Daniel J Lightell
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Thaidan Pham
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Natasha C Klingenberg
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Shelia Pugh Bishop
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | | | - T Cooper Woods
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Wu S, Wang C, Yao M, Han D, Li Q. Photothermal lipolysis accelerates ECM production via macrophage-derived ALOX15-mediated p38 MAPK activation in fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200321. [PMID: 36529997 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Skin and subcutaneous tissue tightening is usually treated by noninvasive photothermal treatment for medical esthetics purpose, while the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we hypothesized that adipocyte injury, as a stimulator, may regulate extracellular matrix (ECM) production by increasing ALOX15 in macrophages, which could lead to fibroblast activation. In this study, we show that lipolysis was induced by laser heating (45°C for 15 min) in patients and rats, and adipocyte thermal injury stimulates the ECM production in fibroblasts by ALOX15 that was increased in cocultured macrophages. These phenomena were evidenced by the ALOX15 knockdown. In addition, ALOX15 metabolite 12(S)-HETE activated p38 MAPK signaling pathway that mediated the production of ECM in fibroblast. In summary, the results of this study demonstrate that the mechanisms of adipose photothermal injury-induced skin and/or subcutaneous tissue tightening may have clinical relevance for noninvasive or minimally invasive photothermal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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The Role of 12/15-Lipoxygenase and Its Various Metabolites Generated from Multiple Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Substrates in Inflammatory Responses. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4589191. [PMID: 36199753 PMCID: PMC9527411 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4589191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) is a member of the lipoxygenase family, which can catalyze a variety of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to produce different metabolites, such as 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 15-HETE, lipoxin (LX), hepoxilin, resolvin, protectin, and maresins. 12/15-LOX and its metabolites take part in inflammatory responses and mediate related signalling pathways, playing an essential role in various inflammatory diseases. So the definition, catalytic substrates, metabolites of 12/15-lipoxygenase, and their roles in inflammatory responses are reviewed in this article.
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Lipoxygenase Metabolism: Critical Pathways in Microglia-mediated Neuroinflammation and Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3213-3220. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen S, Zou H. Key Role of 12-Lipoxygenase and Its Metabolite 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (12-HETE) in Diabetic Retinopathy. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:329-335. [PMID: 35129022 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1995003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal lipid metabolism has been proved to be implicated in the complex pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) is a member of lipoxygenase family responsible for the oxygenation of cellular polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce lipid mediators which modulate cell inflammation. This review explores the role of 12-lipoxygenase and its products in the pathogenesis of DR. METHODS A comprehensive medical literature search was conducted on PubMed till September 2021. RESULTS Emerging evidence has demonstrated that 12-LOX and its main product 12- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) activate retinal cells, especially retinal vascular endothelial cells, through the activation of NADPH oxidase and the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediating multiple pathological changes during DR. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition models of 12-LOX in mice show protection from DR. CONCLUSION 12-LOX and its product 12-HETE take important part in DR pathogenesis and show their potential as future therapeutic targets for DR. Further studies are needed on the specific mechanism including 12-LOX pathway related molecules, 12-HETE receptors and downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Alaaeddine RA, Elzahhar PA, AlZaim I, Abou-Kheir W, Belal ASF, El-Yazbi AF. The Emerging Role of COX-2, 15-LOX and PPARγ in Metabolic Diseases and Cancer: An Introduction to Novel Multi-target Directed Ligands (MTDLs). Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2260-2300. [PMID: 32867639 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200820173853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports an intertwining framework for the involvement of different inflammatory pathways in a common pathological background for a number of disorders. Of importance are pathways involving arachidonic acid metabolism by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). Both enzyme activities and their products are implicated in a range of pathophysiological processes encompassing metabolic impairment leading to adipose inflammation and the subsequent vascular and neurological disorders, in addition to various pro- and antitumorigenic effects. A further layer of complexity is encountered by the disparate, and often reciprocal, modulatory effect COX-2 and 15-LOX activities and metabolites exert on each other or on other cellular targets, the most prominent of which is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Thus, effective therapeutic intervention with such multifaceted disorders requires the simultaneous modulation of more than one target. Here, we describe the role of COX-2, 15-LOX, and PPARγ in cancer and complications of metabolic disorders, highlight the value of designing multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) modifying their activity, and summarizing the available literature regarding the rationale and feasibility of design and synthesis of these ligands together with their known biological effects. We speculate on the potential impact of MTDLs in these disorders as well as emphasize the need for structured future effort to translate these early results facilitating the adoption of these, and similar, molecules in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana A Alaaeddine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Perihan A Elzahhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed S F Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Bae SS, Lee YY, Shahbazian A, Wang J, Meriwether D, Golub I, Oganesian B, Dowd T, Reddy ST, Charles-Schoeman C. High- density lipoprotein function is abnormal in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:3515-3525. [PMID: 32830270 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Damage to the vascular endothelium is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Normally, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) protects the vascular endothelium from damage from oxidized phospholipids, which accumulate under conditions of oxidative stress. The current work evaluated the antioxidant function of HDL in IIM patients. METHODS HDL's antioxidant function was measured in IIM patients using a cell-free assay, which assesses the ability of isolated patient HDL to inhibit oxidation of low-density lipoproteins and is reported as the HDL inflammatory index (HII). Cholesterol profiles were measured for all patients, and subgroup analysis included assessment of oxidized fatty acids in HDL and plasma MPO activity. A subgroup of IIM patients was compared with healthy controls. RESULTS The antioxidant function of HDL was significantly worse in patients with IIM (n = 95) compared with healthy controls (n = 41) [mean (S.d.) HII 1.12 (0.61) vs 0.82 (0.13), P < 0.0001]. Higher HII associated with higher plasma MPO activity [mean (S.d.) 13.2 (9.1) vs 9.1 (4.6), P = 0.0006] and higher oxidized fatty acids in HDL. Higher 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in HDL correlated with worse diffusion capacity in patients with interstitial lung disease (r = -0.58, P = 0.02), and HDL's antioxidant function was most impaired in patients with autoantibodies against melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) or anti-synthetase antibodies. In multivariate analysis including 182 IIM patients, higher HII was associated with higher disease activity and DM diagnosis. CONCLUSION The antioxidant function of HDL is abnormal in IIM patients and may warrant further investigation for its role in propagating microvascular inflammation and damage in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Meriwether
- Cardiology and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Srinivasa T Reddy
- Cardiology and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Yang L, Cheng Q, Huang Q, Liang H, Luo Y. Assessment of plasma 12(S)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid as a biomarker to predict mortality in adults with severe trauma. BURNS & TRAUMA 2020; 8:tkaa034. [PMID: 32904748 PMCID: PMC7459147 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Infection and Drug, Army Medical Center (Daping Hospital), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Huaping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Infection and Drug, Army Medical Center (Daping Hospital), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Eicosanoids and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060520. [PMID: 32545552 PMCID: PMC7346161 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor to cause the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) because the retina has high vascularization and long-time light exposition. Cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes can convert arachidonic acid (AA) into eicosanoids, which are important lipid mediators to regulate DR development. COX-derived metabolites appear to be significant factors causative to oxidative stress and retinal microvascular dysfunction. Several elegant studies have unraveled the importance of LOX-derived eicosanoids, including LTs and HETEs, to oxidative stress and retinal microvascular dysfunction. The role of CYP eicosanoids in DR is yet to be explored. There is clear evidence that CYP-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have detrimental effects on the retina. Our recent study showed that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation augments retinal soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a crucial enzyme degrading EETs. Our findings suggest that EETs blockade can enhance the ability of RAS blockade to prevent or mitigate microvascular damage in DR. This review will focus on the critical information related the function of these eicosanoids in the retina, the interaction between eicosanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the involvement of eicosanoids in DR. We also identify potential targets for the treatment of DR.
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13
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Huang CC, Chang MT, Leu HB, Yin WH, Tseng WK, Wu YW, Lin TH, Yeh HI, Chang KC, Wang JH, Wu CC, Shyur LF, Chen JW. Association of Arachidonic Acid-derived Lipid Mediators with Subsequent Onset of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8105. [PMID: 32415198 PMCID: PMC7229015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been suggested for cardiovascular health. This study was conducted to investigate the prognostic impacts of the PUFA metabolites, oxylipins, on clinical outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 2,239 patients with stable CAD were prospectively enrolled and followed up regularly. Among them, twenty-five consecutive patients with new onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) within 2-year follow-up were studied. Another 50 gender- and age-matched patients without clinical cardiovascular events for more than 2 years were studied for control. Baseline levels of specific arachidonic acid metabolites were significantly higher in patients with subsequent AMI than in the controls. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the incidence of future AMI was more frequently seen in patients with higher baseline levels of 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), 9-HETE, 11-HETE, 12-HETE, 15-HETE, 19-HETE, 20-HETE, 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), 8,9-EET, 11,12-EET, or 14-15-EET when compared to their counterparts (all the P < 0.01). Further, serum levels of these specific HETEs, except for 11,12-EET, were positively correlated to the levels of some inflammatory and cardiac biomarker such as tumor necrosis factor-α and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide. Accordingly, serum specific oxylipins levels are increased and associated with the consequent onset of AMI, suggesting their potential role for secondary prevention in clinically stable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chou Huang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ting Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Healthcare and Service Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsian Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kung Tseng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, I-Shou University and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Wu
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Yeh
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Cheng Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Hung Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chung Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Primary Care Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lie-Fen Shyur
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,PhD Program in Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Healthcare and Service Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Manega CM, Fiorelli S, Porro B, Turnu L, Cavalca V, Bonomi A, Cosentino N, Di Minno A, Marenzi G, Tremoli E, Eligini S. 12(S)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid downregulates monocyte-derived macrophage efferocytosis: New insights in atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 144:336-342. [PMID: 31028904 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HETE), a 12-lipooxygenase product of arachidonic acid, has been suggested in atherosclerosis. However, its effect on macrophage functions is not completely understood, so far. The uptake of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) by macrophages is an anti-inflammatory process, impaired in advanced atherosclerotic lesions. This process induces the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and it is regulated by Rho-GTPases, whose activation involves the isoprenylation, a modification inhibited by statins. We assessed 12-HETE levels in serum of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, and explored 12(S)-HETE in vitro effect on monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) efferocytosis. Sixty-four CAD patients and 24 healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled. Serum 12-HETE levels were measured using a tandem mass spectrometry method. MDMs, obtained from a spontaneous differentiation of adherent monocytes, were treated with 12(S)-HETE (10-50 ng/mL). Efferocytosis and RhoA activation were evaluated by flow cytometry. IL-10 was measured by ELISA. CAD patients showed increased 12-HETE serum levels compared to HS (665.2 [438.1-896.2] ng/mL and 525.1 [380.1-750.1] ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.05) and reduced levels of IL-10. MDMs expressed the 12(S)-HETE cognate receptor GPR31. CAD-derived MDMs displayed defective efferocytosis vs HS-MDMs (9.4 [7.7-11.3]% and 11.1 [9.6-14.1]% of MDMs that have engulfed apoptotic cells, respectively, p < 0.01). This reduction is marked in MDMs obtained from patients not treated with statin (9.3 [7.4-10.6]% statin-free CAD vs HS, p = 0.01; and 9.9 [8.6-11.6]% statin-treated CAD vs HS, p = 0.07). The in vitro treatment of MDMs with 12(S)-HETE (20 ng/mL) induced 20% decrease of efferocytosis (p < 0.01) and 71% increase of RhoA activated form (p < 0.05). Atorvastatin (0.1 μM) counteracted these 12(S)-HETE-mediated effects.These results show a 12(S)-HETE pro-inflammatory effect and suggest a new potential contribution of this mediator in the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Linda Turnu
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Eligini
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
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15
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O'Donnell VB, Aldrovandi M, Murphy RC, Krönke G. Enzymatically oxidized phospholipids assume center stage as essential regulators of innate immunity and cell death. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/574/eaau2293. [PMID: 30914483 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aau2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatically oxidized phospholipids (eoxPLs) are formed through regulated processes by which eicosanoids or prostaglandins are attached to phospholipids (PLs) in immune cells. These eoxPLs comprise structurally diverse families of biomolecules with potent bioactivities, and they have important immunoregulatory roles in both health and disease. The formation of oxPLs through enzymatic pathways and their signaling capabilities are emerging concepts. This paradigm is changing our understanding of eicosanoid, prostaglandin, and PL biology in health and disease. eoxPLs have roles in cellular events such as ferroptosis, apoptosis, and blood clotting and diseases such as arthritis, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. They are increasingly recognized as endogenous bioactive mediators and potential targets for drug development. This review will describe recent evidence that places eoxPLs and their biosynthetic pathways center stage in immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Maceler Aldrovandi
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Weylandt KH, Schmöcker C, Ostermann AI, Kutzner L, Willenberg I, Kiesler S, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Schebb NH, Kassner U. Activation of Lipid Mediator Formation Due to Lipoprotein Apheresis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020363. [PMID: 30744123 PMCID: PMC6412478 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein apheresis reliably reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in patients with atherosclerotic disease and therapy-refractory hypercholesterolemia or elevated lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)). Besides lowering lipoproteins and triglycerides, apheresis also decreases levels of essential omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3 PUFAs) in blood plasma. In contrast, heparin-induced extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein precipitation (HELP) lipid apheresis might increase the formation of potentially pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic lipid mediators derived from n-6 and n-3 PUFAs. The study presented here analyzed lipid mediator profiles in the plasma of patients with hyperlipidemia treated by one of three different apheresis methods, either HELP, direct absorption (DA), or membrane filtration (MDF), in a direct pre- and post-apheresis comparison. Using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) we were able to analyze fatty acid composition and the formation of lipid mediators called oxylipins. Our data illustrate—particularly in HELP-treated patients—significant decreases of essential omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in blood plasma but significant increases of PUFA-derived lipoxygenase-, as well as cyclooxygenase- and cytochrome P450-derived lipid mediators. Given that n-3 PUFAs in particular are presumed to be cardioprotective and n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators might limit inflammatory reactions, these data indicate that n-3 PUFA supplementation in the context of lipid apheresis treatment might have additional benefits through apheresis-triggered protective n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten-H Weylandt
- Medical Department, Divisions of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematologyand Diabetes, Ruppiner Kliniken, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christoph Schmöcker
- Medical Department, Divisions of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematologyand Diabetes, Ruppiner Kliniken, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany.
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Ina Willenberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Kiesler
- Medical Department, Divisions of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematologyand Diabetes, Ruppiner Kliniken, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Ursula Kassner
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology (including Metabolic Diseases), Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Singh NK, Rao GN. Emerging role of 12/15-Lipoxygenase (ALOX15) in human pathologies. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 73:28-45. [PMID: 30472260 PMCID: PMC6338518 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) is an enzyme, which oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-6 and -3 fatty acids, to generate a number of bioactive lipid metabolites. A large number of studies have revealed the importance of 12/15-LOX role in oxidative and inflammatory responses. The in vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of 12/15-LOX metabolites in the expression of various genes and production of cytokine related to inflammation and resolution of inflammation. The studies with the use of knockout and transgenic animals for 12/15-LOX have further shown its involvement in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases, including cardiovascular, renal, neurological and metabolic disorders. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the role of 12/15-LOX in inflammation and various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhlesh K Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas Street Memphis, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas Street Memphis, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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18
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Haley HMS, Hill AG, Greenwood AI, Woerly EM, Rienstra CM, Burke MD. Peridinin Is an Exceptionally Potent and Membrane-Embedded Inhibitor of Bilayer Lipid Peroxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15227-15240. [PMID: 30388000 PMCID: PMC6452872 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antilipoperoxidant protein dysfunction is associated with many human diseases, suggesting that bilayer lipid peroxidation may contribute broadly to pathogenesis. Small molecule inhibitors of this membrane-localized chemistry could in theory enable better understanding and/or treatment of such diseases, but currently available compounds have important limitations. Many biological questions thus remain unanswered, and clinical trials have largely been disappointing. Enabled by efficient, building block-based syntheses of three atypical carotenoid natural products produced by microorganisms that thrive in environments of extreme oxidative stress, we found that peridinin is a potent inhibitor of nonenzymatic bilayer lipid peroxidation in liposomes and in primary human endothelial cells. We also found that peridinin blocks monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion, a key step in atherogenesis. A series of frontier solid-state NMR experiments with a site-specifically 13C-labeled isotopolog synthesized using the same MIDA boronate building block-based total synthesis approach revealed that peridinin is completely embedded within and physically spans the hydrophobic core of POPC membranes, maximizing its effective molarity at the site of the targeted lipid peroxidation reactions. Alternatively, the widely used carotenoid astaxanthin is significantly less potent and was found to primarily localize extramembranously. Peridinin thus represents a promising and biophysically well-characterized starting point for the development of small molecule antilipoperoxidants that serve as more effective biological probes and/or therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. S. Haley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Adam G. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alexander I. Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Facility in Applied Science and Physics, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States (A.I.G.)
| | - Eric M. Woerly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States (E.M.W.)
| | - Chad M. Rienstra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61821, United States
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19
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Dewanjee S, Das S, Das AK, Bhattacharjee N, Dihingia A, Dua TK, Kalita J, Manna P. Molecular mechanism of diabetic neuropathy and its pharmacotherapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:472-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Chien Y, Chou SJ, Chang YL, Leu HB, Yang YP, Tsai PH, Lai YH, Chen KH, Chang WC, Sung SH, Yu WC. Inhibition of Arachidonate 12/15-Lipoxygenase Improves α-Galactosidase Efficacy in iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes from Fabry Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051480. [PMID: 29772700 PMCID: PMC5983630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: A high incidence of intervening sequence (IVS)4+919 G>A mutation with later-onset cardiac phenotype have been reported in a majority of Taiwan Fabry cohorts. Some evidence indicated that conventional biomarkers failed to predict the long-term progression and therapeutic outcome; (2) Methods: In this study, we constructed an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based platform from Fabry cardiomyopathy (FC) patients carrying IVS4+919 G>A mutation to screen for potential targets that may help the conventional treatment; (3) Results: The FC-patient-derived iPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes (FC-iPSC-CMs) carried an expected IVS4+919 G>A genetic mutation and recapitulated several FC characteristics, including low α-galactosidase A enzyme activity and cellular hypertrophy. The proteomic analysis revealed that arachidonate 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox12/15) was the most highly upregulated marker in FC-iPSC-CMs, and the metabolites of Alox12/15, 12(S)- and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), were also elevated in the culture media. Late administration of Alox12/15 pharmacological inhibitor LOXBlock-1 combined with α-galactosidase, but not α-galactosidase alone, effectively reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the secretion of 12(S)- and 15(S)-HETE and the upregulation of fibrotic markers at the late phase of FC; (4) Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that cardiac Alox12/15 and circulating 12(S)-HETE/15(S)-HETE are involved in the pathogenesis of FC with IVS4+919 G>A mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh Chien
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Jie Chou
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Heath Care and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsiu Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsien Sung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chung Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
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21
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Salimi V, Ramezani A, Mirzaei H, Tahamtan A, Faghihloo E, Rezaei F, Naseri M, Bont L, Mokhtari-Azad T, Tavakoli-Yaraki M. Evaluation of the expression level of 12/15 lipoxygenase and the related inflammatory factors (CCL5, CCL3) in respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice model. Microb Pathog 2017; 109:209-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Targeting of 12/15-Lipoxygenase in retinal endothelial cells, but not in monocytes/macrophages, attenuates high glucose-induced retinal leukostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:636-645. [PMID: 28351645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Our previous studies have established a role for 12/15-lipoxygenase (LO) in mediating the inflammatory response in diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the extent at which the local or systemic induction of 12/15-LO activity involved is unclear. Thus, the current study aimed to characterize the relative contribution of retinal endothelial versus monocytic/macrophagic 12/15-LO to inflammatory responses in DR. MATERIALS & METHODS We first generated a clustered heat map for circulating bioactive lipid metabolites in the plasma of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice using liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) to evaluate changes in circulating 12/15-LO activity. This was followed by comparing the in vitro mouse endothelium-leukocytes interaction between leukocytes isolated from 12/15-LO knockout (KO) versus those isolated from wild type (WT) mice using the myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Finally, we examined the effects of knocking down or inhibiting endothelial 12/15-LO on diabetes-induced endothelial cell activation and ICAM-1 expression. RESULTS Analysis of plasma bioactive lipids' heat map revealed that the activity of circulating 12/15-LO was not altered by diabetes as evident by no significant changes in the plasma levels of major metabolites derived from 12/15-lipoxygenation of different PUFAs, including linoleic acid (13-HODE), arachidonic acid (12- and 15- HETEs), eicosapentaenoic acid (12- and 15- HEPEs), or docosahexaenoic acid (17-HDoHE). Moreover, leukocytes from 12/15-LO KO mice displayed a similar increase in adhesion to high glucose (HG)-activated endothelial cells as do leukocytes from WT mice. Furthermore, abundant proteins of 12-LO and 15-LO were detected in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), while it was undetected (15-LO) or hardly detectable (12-LO) in human monocyte-like U937 cells. Inhibition or knock down of endothelial 12/15-LO in HRECs blocked HG-induced expression of ICAM-1, a well-known identified important molecule for leukocyte adhesion in DR. CONCLUSION Our data support that endothelial, rather than monocytic/macrophagic, 12/15-LO has a critical role in hyperglycemia-induced ICAM-1 expression, leukocyte adhesion, and subsequent local retinal barrier dysfunction. This may facilitate the development of more precisely targeted treatment strategies for DR.
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Ryman V, Packiriswamy N, Norby B, Schmidt S, Lock A, Sordillo L. Supplementation of linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) or α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) changes microbial agonist-induced oxylipid biosynthesis. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:1870-1887. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Stadler S, Nguyen CH, Schachner H, Milovanovic D, Holzner S, Brenner S, Eichsteininger J, Stadler M, Senfter D, Krenn L, Schmidt WM, Huttary N, Krieger S, Koperek O, Bago-Horvath Z, Brendel KA, Marian B, de Wever O, Mader RM, Giessrigl B, Jäger W, Dolznig H, Krupitza G. Colon cancer cell-derived 12(S)-HETE induces the retraction of cancer-associated fibroblast via MLC2, RHO/ROCK and Ca 2+ signalling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:1907-1921. [PMID: 28013338 PMCID: PMC5390003 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Retraction of mesenchymal stromal cells supports the invasion of colorectal cancer cells (CRC) into the adjacent compartment. CRC-secreted 12(S)-HETE enhances the retraction of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and therefore, 12(S)-HETE may enforce invasivity of CRC. Understanding the mechanisms of metastatic CRC is crucial for successful intervention. Therefore, we studied pro-invasive contributions of stromal cells in physiologically relevant three-dimensional in vitro assays consisting of CRC spheroids, CAFs, extracellular matrix and endothelial cells, as well as in reductionist models. In order to elucidate how CAFs support CRC invasion, tumour spheroid-induced CAF retraction and free intracellular Ca2+ levels were measured and pharmacological- or siRNA-based inhibition of selected signalling cascades was performed. CRC spheroids caused the retraction of CAFs, generating entry gates in the adjacent surrogate stroma. The responsible trigger factor 12(S)-HETE provoked a signal, which was transduced by PLC, IP3, free intracellular Ca2+, Ca2+-calmodulin-kinase-II, RHO/ROCK and MYLK which led to the activation of myosin light chain 2, and subsequent CAF mobility. RHO activity was observed downstream as well as upstream of Ca2+ release. Thus, Ca2+ signalling served as central signal amplifier. Treatment with the FDA-approved drugs carbamazepine, cinnarizine, nifedipine and bepridil HCl, which reportedly interfere with cellular calcium availability, inhibited CAF-retraction. The elucidation of signalling pathways and identification of approved inhibitory drugs warrant development of intervention strategies targeting tumour–stroma interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Schachner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Milovanovic
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvio Holzner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Brenner
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Eichsteininger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mira Stadler
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Senfter
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Liselotte Krenn
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang M Schmidt
- Neuromuscular Research Department, Centre of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 13, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oskar Koperek
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsuzsanna Bago-Horvath
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Brigitte Marian
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver de Wever
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Giessrigl
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Nguyen CH, Brenner S, Huttary N, Li Y, Atanasov AG, Dirsch VM, Holzner S, Stadler S, Riha J, Krieger S, Milovanovic D, Fristiohardy A, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Dolznig H, Saiko P, Szekeres T, Giessrigl B, Jäger W, Krupitza G. 12(S)-HETE increases intracellular Ca2+ in lymph-endothelial cells disrupting their barrier function in vitro; stabilization by clinical drugs impairing calcium supply. Cancer Lett 2016; 380:174-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Čejková S, Králová Lesná I, Poledne R. Monocyte adhesion to the endothelium is an initial stage of atherosclerosis development. COR ET VASA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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27
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Nguyen CH, Stadler S, Brenner S, Huttary N, Krieger S, Jäger W, Dolznig H, Krupitza G. Cancer cell-derived 12(S)-HETE signals via 12-HETE receptor, RHO, ROCK and MLC2 to induce lymph endothelial barrier breaching. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:364-70. [PMID: 27362730 PMCID: PMC4973159 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The arachidonic acid metabolite 12(S)-HETE is suspected to enhance metastatic spread by inducing cancer cell- and lymph endothelial cell (LEC) motility. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to 12(S)-HETE-triggered cell migration are still elusive. METHODS To delineate the signalling pathways involved in 12(S)-HETE-mediated migration, inhibitors against RHO and ROCK, and specific siRNAs downregulating 12(S)-HETE receptor (12-HETER) and myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) were used. The breaching of the endothelial barrier was investigated by an assay measuring tumour spheroid-triggered 'circular chemorepellent-induced defects' (CCIDs), and respective signal transduction was elucidated by western blotting. RESULTS We provide evidence that 12(S)-HETE phosphorylated (and activated) MLC2, which regulates actin/myosin-based contraction. MLC2 activation was found to be essential for LEC retraction and CCID formation. Furthermore, we show that 12(S)-HETE activated a 12-HETER-RHO-ROCK-MYPT signalling cascade to induce MLC2 function. CONCLUSIONS Signalling via this pathway is described for this metabolite for the first time. This may provide potential targets for the intervention of metastatic colonisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Huu Nguyen
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Brenner
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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A lipidomic analysis approach in patients undergoing lipoprotein apheresis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 249:30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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The role of mid-chain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:119-36. [PMID: 26525395 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The incidence, prevalence, and hospitalization rates associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are projected to increase substantially in the world. Understanding of the biological and pathophysiological mechanisms of survival can help the researchers to develop new management modalities. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that mid-chain HETEs are strongly involved in the pathogenesis of the CVDs. Mid-chain HETEs are biologically active eicosanoids that result from the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) by both lipoxygenase and CYP1B1 (lipoxygenase-like reaction). Therefore, identifying the localizations and expressions of the lipoxygenase and CYP1B1 and their associated AA metabolites in the cardiovascular system is of major importance in understanding their pathological roles. Generally, the expression of these enzymes is shown to be induced during several CVDs, including hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. The induction of these enzymes is associated with the generation of mid-chain HETEs and subsequently causation of cardiovascular events. Of interest, inhibiting the formation of mid-chain HETEs has been reported to confer a protection against different cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension models such as angiotensin II, Goldblatt, spontaneously hypertensive rat and deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt-induced models. Although the exact mechanisms of mid-chain HETEs-mediated cardiovascular dysfunction are not fully understood, the present review proposes several mechanisms which include activating G-protein-coupled receptor, protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and nuclear factor kappa B. This review provides a clear understanding of the role of mid-chain HETEs in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and their importance as novel targets in the treatment for hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Chattopadhyay R, Tinnikov A, Dyukova E, Singh NK, Kotla S, Mobley JA, Rao GN. 12/15-Lipoxygenase-dependent ROS production is required for diet-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:562-577. [PMID: 25556764 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m055566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the mechanisms of 15(S)-HETE-induced endothelial cell (EC) barrier dysfunction, we examined the role of xanthine oxidase (XO). 15(S)-HETE induced junction adhesion molecule A (JamA) phosphorylation on Y164, Y218, and Y280 involving XO-mediated reactive oxygen species production and Src and Pyk2 activation, resulting in its dissociation from occludin, thereby causing tight junction (TJ) disruption, increased vascular permeability, and enhanced leukocyte and monocyte transmigration in vitro using EC monolayer and ex vivo using arteries as models. The phosphorylation of JamA on Y164, Y218, and Y280 appears to be critical for its role in 15(S)-HETE-induced EC barrier dysfunction, as mutation of any one of these amino acid residues prevented its dissociation from occludin and restored TJ integrity and barrier function. In response to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, WT, but not 12/15-lipoxygenase (LO)(-/-), mice showed enhanced XO expression and its activity in the artery, which was correlated with increased aortic TJ disruption and barrier permeability with enhanced leukocyte adhesion and these responses were inhibited by allopurinol. These observations provide novel insights on the role of XO in 12/15-LO-induced JamA tyrosine phosphorylation and TJ disruption leading to increased vascular permeability in response to HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38138
| | - Alexander Tinnikov
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38138
| | - Elena Dyukova
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38138
| | - Nikhlesh K Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38138
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38138
| | - James A Mobley
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35291
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38138.
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Lazic M, Inzaugarat ME, Povero D, Zhao IC, Chen M, Nalbandian M, Miller YI, Cherñavsky AC, Feldstein AE, Sears DD. Reduced dietary omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio and 12/15-lipoxygenase deficiency are protective against chronic high fat diet-induced steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107658. [PMID: 25251155 PMCID: PMC4175074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic perturbations including liver and adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Omega-6 fatty acids (ω6) promote and omega-3 fatty acids (ω3) reduce inflammation as they can be metabolized to pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, respectively. 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) enzymatically produces some of these metabolites and is induced by high fat (HF) diet. We investigated the effects of altering dietary ω6/ω3 ratio and 12/15-LO deficiency on HF diet-induced tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. We examined how these conditions affect circulating concentrations of oxidized metabolites of ω6 arachidonic and linoleic acids and innate and adaptive immune system activity in the liver. For 15 weeks, wild-type (WT) mice were fed either a soybean oil-enriched HF diet with high dietary ω6/ω3 ratio (11∶1, HFH), similar to Western-style diet, or a fat Kcal-matched, fish oil-enriched HF diet with a low dietary ω6/ω3 ratio of 2.7∶1 (HFL). Importantly, the total saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat content was matched in the two HF diets, which is unlike most published fish oil studies in mice. Despite modestly increased food intake, WT mice fed HFL were protected from HFH-diet induced steatohepatitis, evidenced by decreased hepatic mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes and genes involved in lymphocyte homing, and reduced deposition of hepatic triglyceride. Furthermore, oxidized metabolites of ω6 arachidonic acid were decreased in the plasma of WT HFL compared to WT HFH-fed mice. 12/15-LO knockout (KO) mice were also protected from HFH-induced fatty liver and elevated mRNA markers of inflammation and lymphocyte homing. 12/15-LOKO mice were protected from HFH-induced insulin resistance but reducing dietary ω6/ω3 ratio in WT mice did not ameliorate insulin resistance or adipose tissue inflammation. In conclusion, lowering dietary ω6/ω3 ratio in HF diet significantly reduces steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Lazic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Davide Povero
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Iris C. Zhao
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Mark Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Madlena Nalbandian
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yury I. Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Ariel E. Feldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Dorothy D. Sears
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mattmiller SA, Carlson BA, Gandy JC, Sordillo LM. Reduced macrophage selenoprotein expression alters oxidized lipid metabolite biosynthesis from arachidonic and linoleic acid. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:647-54. [PMID: 24746836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is an underlying etiology for multiple diseases and macrophages orchestrate inflammation largely through the production of oxidized fatty acids known as oxylipids. Previous studies showed that selenium (Se) status altered the expression of oxylipids and magnitude of inflammatory responses. Although selenoproteins are thought to mediate many of the biological effects of Se, the direct effect of selenoproteins on the production of oxylipids is unknown. Therefore, the role of decreased selenoprotein activity in modulating the production of biologically active oxylipids from macrophages was investigated. Thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages were collected from wild-type and myeloid-cell-specific selenoprotein knockout mice to analyze oxylipid production by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as oxylipid biosynthetic enzyme and inflammatory marker gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Decreased selenoprotein activity resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, enhanced cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase expression and decreased oxylipids with known anti-inflammatory properties such as arachidonic acid-derived lipoxin A₄ (LXA₄) and linoleic acid-derived 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE). Treating RAW 264.7 macrophages with LXA₄ or 9-oxoODE diminished oxidant-induced macrophage inflammatory response as indicated by decreased production of TNFα. The results show for the first time that selenoproteins are important for the balanced biosynthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory oxylipids during inflammation. A better understanding of the Se-dependent control mechanisms governing oxylipid biosynthesis may uncover nutritional intervention strategies to counteract the harmful effects of uncontrolled inflammation due to oxylipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Mattmiller
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeff C Gandy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lorraine M Sordillo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Dong Z, Fu S, Xu X, Yang Y, Du L, Li W, Kan S, Li Z, Zhang X, Wang L, Li J, Liu H, Qu X, Wang C. Leptin-mediated regulation of ICAM-1 is Rho/ROCK dependent and enhances gastric cancer cell migration. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1801-10. [PMID: 24548863 PMCID: PMC3974087 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Our previous study indicates that leptin enhances gastric cancer (GC) invasion. However, the exact effect of leptin on GC metastasis and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a major molecule in stabilising cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions, is overexpressed and has crucial roles in tumour metastasis. Methods: Here, we investigated leptin and ICAM-1 expression in GC tissues. Furthermore, we characterised the influence of leptin on ICAM-1 expression in GC cells and elucidated the underlying mechanism. Results: Leptin and ICAM-1 were overexpressed in GC tissues, and a strong positive correlation was observed. They were also related with clinical stage or lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, leptin induced GC cell (AGS and MKN-45) migration by upregulating ICAM-1, and knockdown of ICAM-1 by small interference RNA (siRNA) blocked this process. Cell surface ICAM-1, as well as soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1), was also enhanced by leptin. Moreover, leptin increased ICAM-1 expression through Rho/ROCK pathway, which was attenuated by pharmacological inhibition of Rho (C3 transferase) or its downstream effector kinase Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) (Y-27632). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that leptin enhances GC cell migration by increasing ICAM-1 through Rho/ROCK pathway, which might provide new insight into the significance of leptin in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - S Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - X Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - L Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - S Kan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - X Qu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
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Zhao L, Grosser T, Fries S, Kadakia L, Wang H, Zhao J, Falotico R. Lipoxygenase and prostaglandin G/H synthase cascades in cardiovascular disease. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 2:649-58. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2.4.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Gil-de-Gómez L, Astudillo AM, Guijas C, Magrioti V, Kokotos G, Balboa MA, Balsinde J. Cytosolic group IVA and calcium-independent group VIA phospholipase A2s act on distinct phospholipid pools in zymosan-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 192:752-62. [PMID: 24337743 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2s generate lipid mediators that constitute an important component of the integrated response of macrophages to stimuli of the innate immune response. Because these cells contain multiple phospholipase A2 forms, the challenge is to elucidate the roles that each of these forms plays in regulating normal cellular processes and in disease pathogenesis. A major issue is to precisely determine the phospholipid substrates that these enzymes use for generating lipid mediators. There is compelling evidence that group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) targets arachidonic acid-containing phospholipids but the role of the other cytosolic enzyme present in macrophages, the Ca(2+)-independent group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β) has not been clearly defined. We applied mass spectrometry-based lipid profiling to study the substrate specificities of these two enzymes during inflammatory activation of macrophages with zymosan. Using selective inhibitors, we find that, contrary to cPLA2α, iPLA2β spares arachidonate-containing phospholipids and hydrolyzes only those that do not contain arachidonate. Analyses of the lysophospholipids generated during activation reveal that one of the major species produced, palmitoyl-glycerophosphocholine, is generated by iPLA2β, with minimal or no involvement of cPLA2α. The other major species produced, stearoyl-glycerophosphocholine, is generated primarily by cPLA2α. Collectively, these findings suggest that cPLA2α and iPLA2β act on different phospholipids during zymosan stimulation of macrophages and that iPLA2β shows a hitherto unrecognized preference for choline phospholipids containing palmitic acid at the sn-1 position that could be exploited for the design of selective inhibitors of this enzyme with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gil-de-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
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Immunological aspects of atherosclerosis. Semin Immunopathol 2013; 36:73-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00281-013-0402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and many investigators, even in related disciplines, find many of these genes and the related pathways entirely foreign. Medical schools generally do not attempt to incorporate the relevant molecular biology into their curriculum. A number of key signaling pathways are highly relevant to atherogenesis and are presented to provide a context for the gene manipulations summarized herein. The pathways include the following: the insulin receptor (and other receptor tyrosine kinases); Ras and MAPK activation; TNF-α and related family members leading to activation of NF-κB; effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on signaling; endothelial adaptations to flow including G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and integrin-related signaling; activation of endothelial and other cells by modified lipoproteins; purinergic signaling; control of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, migration, and further activation; foam cell formation; and macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell signaling related to proliferation, efferocytosis, and apoptosis. This review is intended primarily as an introduction to these key signaling pathways. They have become the focus of modern atherosclerosis research and will undoubtedly provide a rich resource for future innovation toward intervention and prevention of the number one cause of death in the modern world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Hopkins
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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Madamanchi NR, Runge MS. Redox signaling in cardiovascular health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:473-501. [PMID: 23583330 PMCID: PMC3883979 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal regulation of the activity of a vast array of intracellular proteins and signaling pathways by reactive oxygen species (ROS) governs normal cardiovascular function. However, data from experimental and animal studies strongly support that dysregulated redox signaling, resulting from hyperactivation of various cellular oxidases or mitochondrial dysfunction, is integral to the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we address how redox signaling modulates the protein function, the various sources of increased oxidative stress in CVD, and the labyrinth of redox-sensitive molecular mechanisms involved in the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Advances in redox biology and pharmacology for inhibiting ROS production in specific cell types and subcellular organelles combined with the development of nanotechnology-based new in vivo imaging systems and targeted drug delivery mechanisms may enable fine-tuning of redox signaling for the treatment and prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageswara R Madamanchi
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Marschall S Runge
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Genard B, Miner P, Nicolas JL, Moraga D, Boudry P, Pernet F, Tremblay R. Integrative study of physiological changes associated with bacterial infection in Pacific oyster larvae. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64534. [PMID: 23704993 PMCID: PMC3660371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial infections are common in bivalve larvae and can lead to significant mortality, notably in hatcheries. Numerous studies have identified the pathogenic bacteria involved in such mortalities, but physiological changes associated with pathogen exposure at larval stage are still poorly understood. In the present study, we used an integrative approach including physiological, enzymatic, biochemical, and molecular analyses to investigate changes in energy metabolism, lipid remodelling, cellular stress, and immune status of Crassostrea gigas larvae subjected to experimental infection with the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio coralliilyticus. Findings Our results showed that V. coralliilyticus exposure induced (1) limited but significant increase of larvae mortality compared with controls, (2) declined feeding activity, which resulted in energy status changes (i.e. reserve consumption, β-oxidation, decline of metabolic rate), (3) fatty acid remodeling of polar lipids (changes in phosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidylcholine composition`, non-methylene–interrupted fatty acids accumulation, lower content of major C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as activation of desaturases, phospholipase and lipoxygenase), (4) activation of antioxidant defenses (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxin) and cytoprotective processes (heat shock protein 70, pernin), and (5) activation of the immune response (non-self recognition, NF-κκ signaling pathway, haematopoiesis, eiconosoids and lysophosphatidyl acid synthesis, inhibitor of metalloproteinase and antimicrobial peptides). Conclusion Overall, our results allowed us to propose an integrative view of changes induced by a bacterial infection in Pacific oyster larvae, opening new perspectives on the response of marine bivalve larvae to infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Genard
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada.
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Lu Y, Li H, Jian W, Zhuang J, Wang K, Peng W, Xu Y. The Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor fasudil in the protection of endothelial cells against advanced glycation end products through the nuclear factor κB pathway. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:310-316. [PMID: 24137180 PMCID: PMC3786857 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase (Rho/ROCK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular injury. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects of fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, on vascular endothelial injury induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with AGEs and AGEs plus fasudil in various concentrations for different time periods. Monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression, protein expression and activation of Rho/ROCK, activation of NF-κB and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated. Fasudil suppressed AGE-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Fasudil also reduced the mRNA and protein expression of VCAM-1 and MCP-1 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, increases in the protein levels of Rho/ROCK and ROCK activity mediated by AGEs were inhibited by the addition of fasudil. Additionally, fasudil attenuated AGE-induced NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity and inhibition of NF-κB (IκB) phosphorylation. ROS production induced by AGEs was also reduced by fasudil in HUVECs. The results suggest that ROCK inhibition may protect the vascular endothelium against AGE-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion in vitro through the reduction of ROS generation and the downregulation of NF-κB signaling. Thus, ROCK inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072
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Kundumani-Sridharan V, Dyukova E, Hansen DE, Rao GN. 12/15-Lipoxygenase mediates high-fat diet-induced endothelial tight junction disruption and monocyte transmigration: a new role for 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in endothelial cell dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:15830-42. [PMID: 23589307 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.453290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A convincing body of evidence suggests that 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) plays a role in atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms of its involvement in the pathogenesis of this disease are not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the mechanisms by which 12/15-LO mediates endothelial dysfunction. 15(S)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE), the major 12/15-LO metabolite of arachidonic acid (AA), induced endothelial barrier permeability via Src and Pyk2-dependent zonula occluden (ZO)-2 tyrosine phosphorylation and its dissociation from the tight junction complexes. 15(S)-HETE also stimulated macrophage adhesion to the endothelial monolayer in Src and Pyk2-dependent manner. Ex vivo studies revealed that exposure of arteries from WT mice to AA or 15(S)-HETE led to Src-Pyk2-dependent ZO-2 tyrosine phosphorylation, tight junction disruption, and macrophage adhesion, whereas the arteries from 12/15-LO knock-out mice are protected from these effects of AA. Feeding WT mice with a high-fat diet induced the expression of 12/15-LO in the arteries leading to tight junction disruption and macrophage adhesion and deletion of the 12/15-LO gene disallowed these effects. Thus, the findings of this study provide the first evidence of the role of 12/15-LO and its AA metabolite, 15(S)-HETE, in high-fat diet-induced endothelial tight junction disruption and macrophage adhesion, the crucial events underlying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Ma S, Liu Q, Dang S, Jin M, Shi Y, Wan B, Zhang Y. Inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase by baicalein induces microglia PPARβ/δ: a potential therapeutic role for CNS autoimmune disease. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e569. [PMID: 23559003 PMCID: PMC3668632 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
12/15-Lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) is an enzyme that converts polyunsaturated fatty acids into bioactive lipid derivatives. In this study, we showed that inhibition of 12/15-LO by baicalein (BA) significantly attenuated clinical severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Inhibited migration of autoimmune T cells into the central nervous system (CNS) by BA treatment could be attributed to reduced activation of microglia, which was indicated by suppressed phagocytosis, and decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the CNS. We further observed that inhibition of 12/15-LO with BA led to increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ in microglia of EAE mice. This was confirmed in vitro in primary microglia and a microglia cell line, BV2. In addition, we demonstrated that BA did not affect 12/15-LO or 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) expression in microglia, but significantly decreased 12/15-LO products without influencing the levels of 5-LO metabolites. Moreover, among these compounds only 12/15-LO metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid was able to reverse BA-mediated upregulation of PPARβ/δ in BV2 cells. We also showed that inhibition of microglia activation by PPARβ/δ was associated with repressed NF-κB and MAPK activities. Our findings indicate that inhibition of 12/15-LO induces PPARβ/δ, demonstrating important regulatory properties of 12/15-LO in CNS inflammation. This reveals potential therapeutic applications for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li J, Rao J, Liu Y, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Zhu D. 15-Lipoxygenase promotes chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery inflammation via positive interaction with nuclear factor-κB. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:971-9. [PMID: 23493287 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO)/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) is involved in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chronic hypoxia-induced vascular inflammation has been considered as an important stage in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Here, we determined the contribution of 15-HETE in the hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular inflammation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Chronic hypoxia-induced monocyte/macrophage infiltration and the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 were analyzed in hypoxic rat model and cultured pulmonary arterial endothelium cells using immunochemistry methods. We found that monocyte/macrophage infiltration and the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecules under hypoxia were markedly inhibited by 15-HETE inhibitors or 15-LO1/2 small interfering RNA. In addition, exogenous 15-HETE enhanced the expression of both adhesion molecules in pulmonary arterial endothelium cells in a time-dependent manner. Hypoxia-induced 15-LO1/2 expression in rat pulmonary arterial endothelium cells was significantly abolished by nuclear factor-κB inhibitors. Meanwhile, nuclear factor-κB activity was enhanced prominently by the 15-LO1/2 product, 15-HETE, suggesting a positive feedback mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that chronic hypoxia promotes monocyte infiltration into the vasculature and adhesion molecules upregulation in pulmonary arterial endothelium cells via a positive interaction between 15-LO/15-HETE and nuclear factor-κB. Our study revealed a novel mechanism underlying hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial inflammation and suggested new therapeutic strategies targeting 15-LO/15-HETE and nuclear factor-κB in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
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Othman A, Ahmad S, Megyerdi S, Mussell R, Choksi K, Maddipati KR, Elmarakby A, Rizk N, Al-Shabrawey M. 12/15-Lipoxygenase-derived lipid metabolites induce retinal endothelial cell barrier dysfunction: contribution of NADPH oxidase. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57254. [PMID: 23437353 PMCID: PMC3577708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of 12/15- lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) metabolites on retinal endothelial cell (REC) barrier function. FITC-dextran flux across the REC monolayers and electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) were used to evaluate the effect of 12- and 15-hydroxyeicosatetreanoic acids (HETE) on REC permeability and transcellular electrical resistance (TER). Effect of 12- or 15-HETE on the levels of zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1), reactive oxygen species (ROS), NOX2, pVEGF-R2 and pSHP1 was examined in the presence or absence of inhibitors of NADPH oxidase. In vivo studies were performed using Ins2Akita mice treated with or without the 12/15-LOX inhibitor baicalein. Levels of HETE and inflammatory mediators were examined by LC/MS and Multiplex Immunoassay respectively. ROS generation and NOX2 expression were also measured in mice retinas. 12- and 15- HETE significantly increased permeability and reduced TER and ZO-1expression in REC. VEGF-R2 inhibitor reduced the permeability effect of 12-HETE. Treatment of REC with HETE also increased ROS generation and expression of NOX2 and pVEGF-R2 and decreased pSHP1 expression. Treatment of diabetic mice with baicalein significantly decreased retinal HETE, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-6, ROS generation, and NOX2 expression. Baicalein also reduced pVEGF-R2 while restored pSHP1 levels in diabetic retina. Our findings suggest that 12/15-LOX contributes to vascular hyperpermeability during DR via NADPH oxidase dependent mechanism which involves suppression of protein tyrosine phosphatase and activation of VEGF-R2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Othman
- Department of Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Saif Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Sylvia Megyerdi
- Department of Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rene Mussell
- Department of Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Karishma Choksi
- Department of Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Wayne States University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Elmarakby
- Department of Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nasser Rizk
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
- Department of Oral Biology/Anatomy, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University (GRU), Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Adipose tissue-specific deletion of 12/15-lipoxygenase protects mice from the consequences of a high-fat diet. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:851798. [PMID: 23326022 PMCID: PMC3543811 DOI: 10.1155/2012/851798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation in adipose tissue. 12/15-Lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) generates proinflammatory lipid mediators, which induce inflammation in adipose tissue. Therefore we investigated the role of 12/15-LO activity in mouse white adipose tissue in promoting obesity-induced local and systemic inflammatory consequences. We generated a mouse model for fat-specific deletion of 12/15-LO, aP2-Cre; 12/15-LOloxP/loxP, which we call ad-12/15-LO mice, and placed wild-type controls and ad-12/15-LO mice on a high-fat diet for 16 weeks and examined obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. High-fat diet-fed ad-12/15-LO exhibited improved fasting glucose levels and glucose metabolism, and epididymal adipose tissue from these mice exhibited reduced inflammation and macrophage infiltration compared to wild-type mice. Furthermore, fat-specific deletion of 12/15-LO led to decreased peripheral pancreatic islet inflammation with enlarged pancreatic islets when mice were fed the high-fat diet compared to wild-type mice. These results suggest an interesting crosstalk between 12/15-LO expression in adipose tissue and inflammation in pancreatic islets. Therefore, deletion of 12/15-LO in adipose tissue can offer local and systemic protection from obesity-induced consequences, and blocking 12/15-LO activity in adipose tissue may be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Viola K, Kopf S, Huttary N, Vonach C, Kretschy N, Teichmann M, Giessrigl B, Raab I, Stary S, Krieger S, Keller T, Bauer S, Hantusch B, Szekeres T, de Martin R, Jäger W, Mikulits W, Dolznig H, Krupitza G, Grusch M. Bay11-7082 inhibits the disintegration of the lymphendothelial barrier triggered by MCF-7 breast cancer spheroids; the role of ICAM-1 and adhesion. Br J Cancer 2012; 108:564-9. [PMID: 23093227 PMCID: PMC3593529 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Many cancers spread through lymphatic routes, and mechanistic insights of tumour intravasation into the lymphatic vasculature and targets for intervention are limited. The major emphasis of research focuses currently on the molecular biology of tumour cells, while still little is known regarding the contribution of lymphatics. Methods: Breast cancer cell spheroids attached to lymphendothelial cell (LEC) monolayers were used to investigate the process of intravasation by measuring the areas of ‘circular chemorepellent-induced defects' (CCID), which can be considered as entry gates for bulky tumour intravasation. Aspects of tumour cell intravasation were furthermore studied by adhesion assay, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Replacing cancer spheroids with the CCID-triggering compound 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) facilitated western blot analyses of Bay11-7082- and baicalein-treated LECs. Results: Binding of LECs to MCF-7 spheroids, which is a prerequisite for CCID formation, was mediated by ICAM-1 expression, and this depended on NF-κB and correlated with the expression of the prometastatic factor S100A4. Simultaneous inhibition of NF-κB with Bay11-7082 and of arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX)-15 with baicalein prevented CCID formation additively. Conclusion: Two mechanisms contribute to CCID formation: ALOX15 via the generation of 12(S)-HETE by MCF-7 cells, which induces directional migration of LECs, and ICAM-1 in LECs under control of NF-κB, which facilitates adhesion of MCF-7 cells to LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Viola
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Jung CH, Lee WJ, Hwang JY, Seol SM, Kim YM, Lee YL, Ahn JH, Park JY. The role of Rho/Rho-kinase pathway in the expression of ICAM-1 by linoleic acid in human aortic endothelial cells. Inflammation 2012; 35:1041-8. [PMID: 22124782 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-011-9409-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA), a dietary unsaturated fatty acid, has been known to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway mediates various cellular functions related to cardiovascular disease and affects the expression of ICAM-1. However, the exact mechanism underlying this action has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to find out the role of Rho/ROCK pathway in LA-induced ICAM-1 expression in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). We found that LA increased ICAM-1 expression and phosphorylation of ROCK and MYPT-1, a distal signal of ROCK. Y-27632, a ROCK inhibitor, suppressed ICAM-1 expression and phosphorylation of MYPT-1 induced by LA. The effect of LA on the increased phosphorylation of MYPT1 and expression of ICAM-1 was abolished by knocking down RhoA and ROCK2 protein level expression using small interfering RNA. LA increased NF-κB DNA-binding activity, which was inhibited with pretreatment with Y-27632. This study suggests that Rho/ROCK pathway plays a role in LA-induced ICAM-1 expression, which is possibly mediated by NF-κB in HAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Poongnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
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Uderhardt S, Krönke G. 12/15-lipoxygenase during the regulation of inflammation, immunity, and self-tolerance. J Mol Med (Berl) 2012; 90:1247-56. [PMID: 22983484 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-012-0954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
12/15-Lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) catalyzes the oxidation of free and esterified fatty acids thereby generating a whole spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators. This enzyme is involved in the regulation of various homeostatic processes as well as in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. During the innate and adaptive immune response, 12/15-LO and its products exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Likewise, this enzyme has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease as well as in the maintenance of self-tolerance. This review will summarize our current knowledge about the role of 12/15-LO and will try to examine the two faces of this enzyme within the context of inflammation and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Uderhardt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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49
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Rossaint J, Nadler JL, Ley K, Zarbock A. Eliminating or blocking 12/15-lipoxygenase reduces neutrophil recruitment in mouse models of acute lung injury. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2012; 16:R166. [PMID: 22973824 PMCID: PMC3682261 DOI: 10.1186/cc11518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common disease in critically ill patients with a high morbidity and mortality. 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) is an enzyme generating 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 15-HETE from arachidonic acid. It has been shown that 12/15-LO is involved in the regulation of vascular permeability during ALI. METHODS To test whether 12/15-LO participates in leukocyte recruitment into the lung, we investigated the role of 12/15-LO in mouse models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary inflammation and acid-induced ALI, a clinically relevant model of acute lung injury. RESULTS The increase in neutrophil recruitment following LPS inhalation was reduced in 12/15-LO-deficient (Alox15(-/-)) mice and in wild-type (WT) mice after the blocking of 12/15-LO with a pharmacological inhibitor. Bone marrow chimeras revealed that 12/15-LO in hematopoietic cells regulates neutrophil accumulation in the interstitial and alveolar compartments, whereas the accumulation of neutrophils in the intravascular compartment is regulated by 12/15-LO in non-hematopoietic and hematopoietic cells. Mechanistically, the increased plasma levels of the chemokine CXCL1 in Alox15(-/-) mice led to a reduced response of the neutrophil chemokine receptor CXCR2 to stimulation with CXCL1, which in turn abrogated neutrophil recruitment. Alox15(-/-) mice also showed decreased edema formation, reduced neutrophil recruitment and improved gas exchange in an acid-induced ALI model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that 12/15-LO modulates neutrophil recruitment into the lung by regulating chemokine/chemokine receptor homeostasis.
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Zhang L, Ma J, Shen T, Wang S, Ma C, Liu Y, Ran Y, Wang L, Liu L, Zhu D. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) induces pulmonary vascular remodeling through 15-LO/15-HETE pathway under hypoxic condition. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1931-9. [PMID: 22735810 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) is known to play an important role in chronic pulmonary hypertension. Accumulating evidence for its down-stream participants in the vasoconstriction and remodeling processes of pulmonary arteries, while how hypoxia regulates 15-LO/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) to mediate hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is still unknown. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is an important vascular regulator whose concentration increases under hypoxic condition in the lungs of both humans and mice with pulmonary hypertension. The present study was carried out to determine whether hypoxia advances the pulmonary vascular remodeling through the PDGF/15-LO/15-HETE pathway. We found that pulmonary arterial medial thickening caused by hypoxia was alleviated after a treatment of the hypoxic rats with imatinib, which was associated with down-regulations of 15-LO-2 expression and 15-HETE production. Moreover, the increases in cell proliferation and endogenous 15-HETE content by hypoxia were attenuated by the inhibitors of PDGF-β receptor in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). The effects of PDGF-BB on cell proliferation and survival were weakened after the administration of 15-LO inhibitors or 15-LO RNA interference. These results suggest that hypoxia promotes PASMCs proliferation and survival, contributing to pulmonary vascular medial hypertrophy, which is likely to be mediated via the PDGF-BB/15-LO-2/15-HETE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
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