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Trus M, Atlas D. Non-ionotropic voltage-gated calcium channel signaling. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2341077. [PMID: 38601983 PMCID: PMC11017947 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2341077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are the major conduits for calcium ions (Ca2+) within excitable cells. Recent studies have highlighted the non-ionotropic functionality of VGCCs, revealing their capacity to activate intracellular pathways independently of ion flow. This non-ionotropic signaling mode plays a pivotal role in excitation-coupling processes, including gene transcription through excitation-transcription (ET), synaptic transmission via excitation-secretion (ES), and cardiac contraction through excitation-contraction (EC). However, it is noteworthy that these excitation-coupling processes require extracellular calcium (Ca2+) and Ca2+ occupancy of the channel ion pore. Analogous to the "non-canonical" characterization of the non-ionotropic signaling exhibited by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA), which requires extracellular Ca2+ without the influx of ions, VGCC activation requires depolarization-triggered conformational change(s) concomitant with Ca2+ binding to the open channel. Here, we discuss the contributions of VGCCs to ES, ET, and EC coupling as Ca2+ binding macromolecules that transduces external stimuli to intracellular input prior to elevating intracellular Ca2+. We emphasize the recognition of calcium ion occupancy within the open ion-pore and its contribution to the excitation coupling processes that precede the influx of calcium. The non-ionotropic activation of VGCCs, triggered by the upstroke of an action potential, provides a conceptual framework to elucidate the mechanistic aspects underlying the microseconds nature of synaptic transmission, cardiac contractility, and the rapid induction of first-wave genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trus
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daphne Atlas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Magnuson MA, Osipovich AB. Ca 2+ signaling and metabolic stress-induced pancreatic β-cell failure. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1412411. [PMID: 39015185 PMCID: PMC11250477 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1412411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Early in the development of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic stress brought on by insulin resistance and nutrient overload causes β-cell hyperstimulation. Herein we summarize recent studies that have explored the premise that an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), brought on by persistent metabolic stimulation of β-cells, causes β-cell dysfunction and failure by adversely affecting β-cell function, structure, and identity. This mini-review builds on several recent reviews that also describe how excess [Ca2+]i impairs β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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3
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Cheng S, Jiang D, Lan X, Liu K, Fan C. Voltage-gated potassium channel 1.3: A promising molecular target in multiple disease therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116651. [PMID: 38692062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channel 1.3 (Kv1.3) has emerged as a pivotal player in numerous biological processes and pathological conditions, sparking considerable interest as a potential therapeutic target across various diseases. In this review, we present a comprehensive examination of Kv1.3 channels, highlighting their fundamental characteristics and recent advancements in utilizing Kv1.3 inhibitors for treating autoimmune disorders, neuroinflammation, and cancers. Notably, Kv1.3 is prominently expressed in immune cells and implicated in immune responses and inflammation associated with autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions. Moreover, its aberrant expression in certain tumors underscores its role in cancer progression. While preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Kv1.3 inhibitors, their clinical translation remains pending. Molecular imaging techniques offer promising avenues for tracking Kv1.3 inhibitors and assessing their therapeutic efficacy, thereby facilitating their development and clinical application. Challenges and future directions in Kv1.3 inhibitor research are also discussed, emphasizing the significant potential of targeting Kv1.3 as a promising therapeutic strategy across a spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixuan Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Cheng Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Lyu QR, Fu K. Tissue-specific Cre driver mice to study vascular diseases. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 153:107241. [PMID: 37923099 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and abdominal aneurysms, are the primary cause of mortality and morbidity among the elderly worldwide. The life quality of patients is significantly compromised due to inadequate therapeutic approaches and limited drug targets. To expand our comprehension of vascular diseases, gene knockout (KO) mice, especially conditional knockout (cKO) mice, are widely used for investigating gene function and mechanisms of action. The Cre-loxP system is the most common method for generating cKO mice. Numerous Cre driver mice have been established to study the main cell types that compose blood vessels, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts. Here, we first discuss the characteristics of each layer of the arterial wall. Next, we provide an overview of the representative Cre driver mice utilized for each of the major cell types in the vessel wall and their most recent applications in vascular biology. We then go over Cre toxicity and discuss the practical methods for minimizing Cre interference in experimental outcomes. Finally, we look into the future of tissue-specific Cre drivers by introducing the revolutionary single-cell RNA sequencing and dual recombinase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Rex Lyu
- Medical Research Center, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing Academy of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China.
| | - Kailong Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
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Beghi S, Furmanik M, Jaminon A, Veltrop R, Rapp N, Wichapong K, Bidar E, Buschini A, Schurgers LJ. Calcium Signalling in Heart and Vessels: Role of Calmodulin and Downstream Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416139. [PMID: 36555778 PMCID: PMC9783221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death worldwide. The success of medication and other preventive measures introduced in the last century have not yet halted the epidemic of cardiovascular disease. Although the molecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of the heart and vessels have been extensively studied, the burden of ischemic cardiovascular conditions has risen to become a top cause of morbidity and mortality. Calcium has important functions in the cardiovascular system. Calcium is involved in the mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling that regulates numerous events, ranging from the production of action potentials to the contraction of cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Both in the heart and vessels, the rise of intracellular calcium is sensed by calmodulin, a protein that regulates and activates downstream kinases involved in regulating calcium signalling. Among them is the calcium calmodulin kinase family, which is involved in the regulation of cardiac functions. In this review, we present the current literature regarding the role of calcium/calmodulin pathways in the heart and vessels with the aim to summarize our mechanistic understanding of this process and to open novel avenues for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Beghi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3408473527
| | - Malgorzata Furmanik
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Armand Jaminon
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Veltrop
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolas Rapp
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kanin Wichapong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elham Bidar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Leon J. Schurgers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Vascular Ca V1.2 channels in diabetes. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 90:65-93. [PMID: 36368875 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic vasculopathy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. Hyperglycemia, one of the central metabolic abnormalities in diabetes, has been associated with vascular dysfunction due to endothelial cell damage. However, studies also point toward vascular smooth muscle as a locus for hyperglycemia-induced vascular dysfunction. Emerging evidence implicates hyperglycemia-induced regulation of vascular L-type Ca2+ channels CaV1.2 as a potential mechanism for vascular dysfunction during diabetes. This chapter summarizes our current understanding of vascular CaV1.2 channels and their regulation during physiological and hyperglycemia/diabetes conditions. We will emphasize the role of CaV1.2 in vascular smooth muscle, the effects of elevated glucose on CaV1.2 function, and the mechanisms underlying its dysregulation in hyperglycemia and diabetes. We conclude by examining future directions and gaps in knowledge regarding CaV1.2 regulation in health and during diabetes.
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Rognant S, Kravtsova VV, Bouzinova EV, Melnikova EV, Krivoi II, Pierre SV, Aalkjaer C, Jepps TA, Matchkov VV. The microtubule network enables Src kinase interaction with the Na,K-ATPase to generate Ca2+ flashes in smooth muscle cells. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1007340. [PMID: 36213229 PMCID: PMC9538378 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1007340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several local Ca2+ events are characterized in smooth muscle cells. We have previously shown that an inhibitor of the Na,K-ATPase, ouabain induces spatially restricted intracellular Ca2+ transients near the plasma membrane, and suggested the importance of this signaling for regulation of intercellular coupling and smooth muscle cell contraction. The mechanism behind these Na,K-ATPase-dependent “Ca2+ flashes” remains to be elucidated. In addition to its conventional ion transport function, the Na,K-ATPase is proposed to contribute to intracellular pathways, including Src kinase activation. The microtubule network is important for intracellular signaling, but its role in the Na,K-ATPase-Src kinase interaction is not known. We hypothesized the microtubule network was responsible for maintaining the Na,K-ATPase-Src kinase interaction, which enables Ca2+ flashes. Methods: We characterized Ca2+ flashes in cultured smooth muscle cells, A7r5, and freshly isolated smooth muscle cells from rat mesenteric artery. Cells were loaded with Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dyes, Calcium Green-1/AM and Fura Red/AM, for ratiometric measurements of intracellular Ca2+. The Na,K-ATPase α2 isoform was knocked down with siRNA and the microtubule network was disrupted with nocodazole. An involvement of the Src signaling was tested pharmacologically and with Western blot. Protein interactions were validated with proximity ligation assays. Results: The Ca2+ flashes were induced by micromolar concentrations of ouabain. Knockdown of the α2 isoform Na,K-ATPase abolished Ca2+ flashes, as did inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation with genistein and PP2, and the inhibitor of the Na,K-ATPase-dependent Src activation, pNaKtide. Ouabain-induced Ca2+ flashes were associated with Src kinase activation by phosphorylation. The α2 isoform Na,K-ATPase and Src kinase colocalized in the cells. Disruption of microtubule with nocodazole inhibited Ca2+ flashes, reduced Na,K-ATPase/Src interaction and Src activation. Conclusion: We demonstrate that the Na,K-ATPase-dependent Ca2+ flashes in smooth muscle cells require an interaction between the α2 isoform Na, K-ATPase and Src kinase, which is maintained by the microtubule network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Rognant
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Violetta V. Kravtsova
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Igor I. Krivoi
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sandrine V. Pierre
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | | | - Thomas A. Jepps
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vladimir V. Matchkov
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Vladimir V. Matchkov,
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8
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The adventitia in arterial development, remodeling, and hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115259. [PMID: 36150432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The adventitia receives input signals from the vessel wall, the immune system, perivascular nerves and from surrounding tissues to generate effector responses that regulate structural and mechanical properties of blood vessels. It is a complex and dynamic tissue that orchestrates multiple functions for vascular development, homeostasis, repair, and disease. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in our understanding of the origins, phenotypes, and functions of adventitial and perivascular cells with particular emphasis on hypertensive vascular remodeling.
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Pereira da Silva EA, Martín-Aragón Baudel M, Navedo MF, Nieves-Cintrón M. Ion channel molecular complexes in vascular smooth muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 13:999369. [PMID: 36091375 PMCID: PMC9459047 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.999369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels that influence membrane potential and intracellular calcium concentration control vascular smooth muscle excitability. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, voltage (KV), and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are key regulators of vascular smooth muscle excitability and contractility. These channels are regulated by various signaling cues, including protein kinases and phosphatases. The effects of these ubiquitous signaling molecules often depend on the formation of macromolecular complexes that provide a platform for targeting and compartmentalizing signaling events to specific substrates. This manuscript summarizes our current understanding of specific molecular complexes involving VGCC, TRP, and KV and BK channels and their contribution to regulating vascular physiology.
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Roberts-Craig FT, Worthington LP, O’Hara SP, Erickson JR, Heather AK, Ashley Z. CaMKII Splice Variants in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: The Next Step or Redundancy? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147916. [PMID: 35887264 PMCID: PMC9318135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) help to maintain the normal physiological contractility of arterial vessels to control blood pressure; they can also contribute to vascular disease such as atherosclerosis. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), a multifunctional enzyme with four isoforms and multiple alternative splice variants, contributes to numerous functions within VSMCs. The role of these isoforms has been widely studied across numerous tissue types; however, their functions are still largely unknown within the vasculature. Even more understudied is the role of the different splice variants of each isoform in such signaling pathways. This review evaluates the role of the different CaMKII splice variants in vascular pathological and physiological mechanisms, aiming to show the need for more research to highlight both the deleterious and protective functions of the various splice variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn T. Roberts-Craig
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand;
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (L.P.W.); (S.P.O.); (J.R.E.); (A.K.H.)
| | - Luke P. Worthington
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (L.P.W.); (S.P.O.); (J.R.E.); (A.K.H.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Samuel P. O’Hara
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (L.P.W.); (S.P.O.); (J.R.E.); (A.K.H.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Jeffrey R. Erickson
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (L.P.W.); (S.P.O.); (J.R.E.); (A.K.H.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Alison K. Heather
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (L.P.W.); (S.P.O.); (J.R.E.); (A.K.H.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Zoe Ashley
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (L.P.W.); (S.P.O.); (J.R.E.); (A.K.H.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-3-479-7646
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11
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Marx AM, Marx SO. Vasculature remodeling by pressure, caveolae, calcium, and kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204968119. [PMID: 35584115 PMCID: PMC9173809 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204968119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven O. Marx
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Signaling, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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12
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Bachmann JC, Baumgart SJ, Uryga AK, Bosteen MH, Borghetti G, Nyberg M, Herum KM. Fibrotic Signaling in Cardiac Fibroblasts and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: The Dual Roles of Fibrosis in HFpEF and CAD. Cells 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 35626694 PMCID: PMC9139546 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and atherosclerosis-driven coronary artery disease (CAD) will have ongoing fibrotic remodeling both in the myocardium and in atherosclerotic plaques. However, the functional consequences of fibrosis differ for each location. Thus, cardiac fibrosis leads to myocardial stiffening, thereby compromising cardiac function, while fibrotic remodeling stabilizes the atherosclerotic plaque, thereby reducing the risk of plaque rupture. Although there are currently no drugs targeting cardiac fibrosis, it is a field under intense investigation, and future drugs must take these considerations into account. To explore similarities and differences of fibrotic remodeling at these two locations of the heart, we review the signaling pathways that are activated in the main extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing cells, namely human cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Although these signaling pathways are highly overlapping and context-dependent, effects on ECM remodeling mainly act through two core signaling cascades: TGF-β and Angiotensin II. We complete this by summarizing the knowledge gained from clinical trials targeting these two central fibrotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kate M. Herum
- Research and Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark; (J.C.B.); (S.J.B.); (A.K.U.); (M.H.B.); (G.B.); (M.N.)
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Silva A, Hatch CJ, Chu MT, Cardinal TR. Collateral Arteriogenesis Involves a Sympathetic Denervation That Is Associated With Abnormal α-Adrenergic Signaling and a Transient Loss of Vascular Tone. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:805810. [PMID: 35242824 PMCID: PMC8886147 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.805810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulating collateral arteriogenesis is an attractive therapeutic target for peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, the potency of arteriogenesis-stimulation in animal models has not been matched with efficacy in clinical trials. This may be because the presence of enlarged collaterals is not sufficient to relieve symptoms of PAD, suggesting that collateral function is also important. Specifically, collaterals are the primary site of vascular resistance following arterial occlusion, and impaired collateral vasodilation could impact downstream tissue perfusion and limb function. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of arteriogenesis on collateral vascular reactivity. Following femoral artery ligation in the mouse hindlimb, collateral functional vasodilation was impaired at day 7 (17 ± 3 vs. 60 ± 8%) but restored by day 28. This impairment was due to a high resting diameter (73 ± 4 μm at rest vs. 84 ± 3 μm dilated), which does not appear to be a beneficial effect of arteriogenesis because increasing tissue metabolic demand through voluntary exercise decreased resting diameter and restored vascular reactivity at day 7. The high diameter in sedentary animals was not due to sustained NO-dependent vasodilation or defective myogenic constriction, as there were no differences between the enlarged and native collaterals in response to eNOS inhibition with L-NAME or L-type calcium channel inhibition with nifedipine, respectively. Surprisingly, in the context of reduced vascular tone, vasoconstriction in response to the α-adrenergic agonist norepinephrine was enhanced in the enlarged collateral (−62 ± 2 vs. −37 ± 2%) while vasodilation in response to the α-adrenergic antagonist prazosin was reduced (6 ± 4% vs. 22 ± 16%), indicating a lack of α-adrenergic receptor activation by endogenous norepinephrine and suggesting a denervation of the neuroeffector junction. Staining for tyrosine hydroxylase demonstrated sympathetic denervation, with neurons occupying less area and located further from the enlarged collateral at day 7. Inversely, MMP2 presence surrounding the enlarged collateral was greater at day 7, suggesting that denervation may be related to extracellular matrix degradation during arteriogenesis. Further investigation on vascular wall maturation and the functionality of enlarged collaterals holds promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets to enhance arteriogenesis in patients with PAD.
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High Na + Salt Diet and Remodeling of Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080883. [PMID: 34440087 PMCID: PMC8389691 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge on essential hypertension is vast, and its treatment is well known. Not all hypertensives are salt-sensitive. The available evidence suggests that even normotensive individuals are at high cardiovascular risk and lower survival rate, as blood pressure eventually rises later in life with a high salt diet. In addition, little is known about high sodium (Na+) salt diet-sensitive hypertension. There is no doubt that direct and indirect Na+ transporters, such as the Na/Ca exchanger and the Na/H exchanger, and the Na/K pump could be implicated in the development of high salt-induced hypertension in humans. These mechanisms could be involved following the destruction of the cell membrane glycocalyx and changes in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells membranes’ permeability and osmolarity. Thus, it is vital to determine the membrane and intracellular mechanisms implicated in this type of hypertension and its treatment.
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15
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Fang X, Dong S, Wu Y, He Y, Lu M, Shi D, Feng N, Yin S, Jiang Y, Zhang A, Ding Y, Zhang Q, Tang J, Zhang W, He X. Ameliorated biomechanical properties of carotid arteries by puerarin in spontaneously hypertensive rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:173. [PMID: 34154575 PMCID: PMC8216761 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An emerging body of evidence indicates that puerarin (PUE) plays an important role in the treatment of angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, but how PUE affects the vascular remodeling of hypertensive rats has not been reported yet. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of PUE on carotid arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) to provide the basis for the clinical application of PUE. METHODS Thirty male SHR and six male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) aged 3 months were used in this study, SHR rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, PUE(40 or 80 mg/kg/d, ip) and telmisartan (TELMI) (30 mg/kg/d, ig) were administrated for 3 months. We use DMT myography pressure-diameter system to investigate biomechanical properties of carotid arteries, 10 μM pan-classical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) inhibitor SKF96365, 200 nM specific TRPC6 inhibitor SAR7334 and 100 μM Orai1 inhibitor ANCOA4 were used in the mechanical test. RESULTS PUE can significantly decrease systolic and diastolic blood pressure, long-term administration of PUE resulted in a mild reduction of thickness and inner diameter of carotid artery. PUE ameliorate NE-response and vascular remodeling mainly through inhibiting TRPCs channel activities of VSMC. CONCLUSION PUE can ameliorate biomechanical remodeling of carotid arteries through inhibiting TRPCs channel activities of VSMC in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Fang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Sheng Dong
- Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Min Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Dandan Shi
- Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Na Feng
- Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Songhe Yin
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Anhua Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Yan Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Qiufang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Junming Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Xiju He
- Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
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16
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Incardona JP, Linbo TL, French BL, Cameron J, Peck KA, Laetz CA, Hicks MB, Hutchinson G, Allan SE, Boyd DT, Ylitalo GM, Scholz NL. Low-level embryonic crude oil exposure disrupts ventricular ballooning and subsequent trabeculation in Pacific herring. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 235:105810. [PMID: 33823483 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing awareness that transient, sublethal embryonic exposure to crude oils cause subtle but important forms of delayed toxicity in fish. While the precise mechanisms for this loss of individual fitness are not well understood, they involve the disruption of early cardiogenesis and a subsequent pathological remodeling of the heart much later in juveniles. This developmental cardiotoxicity is attributable, in turn, to the inhibitory actions of crude oil-derived mixtures of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) on specific ion channels and other proteins that collectively drive the rhythmic contractions of heart muscle cells via excitation-contraction coupling. Here we exposed Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) embryos to oiled gravel effluent yielding ΣPAC concentrations as low as ~ 1 μg/L (64 ng/g in tissues). Upon hatching in clean seawater, and following the depuration of tissue PACs (as evidenced by basal levels of cyp1a gene expression), the ventricles of larval herring hearts showed a concentration-dependent reduction in posterior growth (ballooning). This was followed weeks later in feeding larvae by abnormal trabeculation, or formation of the finger-like projections of interior spongy myocardium, and months later with hypertrophy (overgrowth) of the spongy myocardium in early juveniles. Given that heart muscle cell differentiation and migration are driven by Ca2+-dependent intracellular signaling, the observed disruption of ventricular morphogenesis was likely a secondary (downstream) consequence of reduced calcium cycling and contractility in embryonic cardiomyocytes. We propose defective trabeculation as a promising phenotypic anchor for novel morphometric indicators of latent cardiac injury in oil-exposed herring, including an abnormal persistence of cardiac jelly in the ventricle wall and cardiomyocyte hyperproliferation. At a corresponding molecular level, quantitative expression assays in the present study also support biomarker roles for genes known to be involved in muscle contractility (atp2a2, myl7, myh7), cardiomyocyte precursor fate (nkx2.5) and ventricular trabeculation (nrg2, and hbegfa). Overall, our findings reinforce both proximal and indirect roles for dysregulated intracellular calcium cycling in the canonical fish early life stage crude oil toxicity syndrome. More work on Ca2+-mediated cellular dynamics and transcription in developing cardiomyocytes is needed. Nevertheless, the highly specific actions of ΣPAC mixtures on the heart at low, parts-per-billion tissue concentrations directly contravene classical assumptions of baseline (i.e., non-specific) crude oil toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Incardona
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Tiffany L Linbo
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara L French
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James Cameron
- Earth Resources Technology, under contract to Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen A Peck
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cathy A Laetz
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary Beth Hicks
- Oregon State University, Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Greg Hutchinson
- Oregon State University, Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Sarah E Allan
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Response and Restoration, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Daryle T Boyd
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gina M Ylitalo
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Scholz
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
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17
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Dhagia V, Kitagawa A, Jacob C, Zheng C, D'Alessandro A, Edwards JG, Rocic P, Gupte R, Gupte SA. G6PD activity contributes to the regulation of histone acetylation and gene expression in smooth muscle cells and to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H999-H1016. [PMID: 33416454 PMCID: PMC7988761 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00488.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to determine 1) the mechanism(s) that enables glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) to regulate serum response factor (SRF)- and myocardin (MYOCD)-driven smooth muscle cell (SMC)-restricted gene expression, a process that aids in the differentiation of SMCs, and 2) whether G6PD-mediated metabolic reprogramming contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Inhibition of G6PD activity increased (>30%) expression of SMC-restricted genes and concurrently decreased (40%) the growth of human and rat SMCs ex vivo. Expression of SMC-restricted genes decreased (>100-fold) across successive passages in primary cultures of SMCs isolated from mouse aorta. G6PD inhibition increased Myh11 (47%) while decreasing (>50%) Sca-1, a stem cell marker, in cells passaged seven times. Similarly, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated expression of the loss-of-function Mediterranean variant of G6PD (S188F; G6PDS188F) in rats promoted transcription of SMC-restricted genes. G6PD knockdown or inhibition decreased (48.5%) histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, enriched (by 3-fold) H3K27ac on the Myocd promoter, and increased Myocd and Myh11 expression. Interestingly, G6PD activity was significantly higher in aortas from JCR rats with MetS than control Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Treating JCR rats with epiandrosterone (30 mg/kg/day), a G6PD inhibitor, increased expression of SMC-restricted genes, suppressed Serpine1 and Epha4, and reduced blood pressure. Moreover, feeding SD control (littermates) and G6PDS188F rats a high-fat diet for 4 mo increased Serpine1 and Epha4 expression and mean arterial pressure in SD but not G6PDS188F rats. Our findings demonstrate that G6PD downregulates transcription of SMC-restricted genes through HDAC-dependent deacetylation and potentially augments the severity of vascular diseases associated with MetS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study gives detailed mechanistic insight about the regulation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype by metabolic reprogramming and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. We demonstrate that G6PD controls the chromatin modifications by regulating histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, which deacetylates histone 3-lysine 9 and 27. Notably, inhibition of G6PD decreases HDAC activity and enriches H3K27ac on myocardin gene promoter to enhance the expression of SMC-restricted genes. Also, we demonstrate for the first time that G6PD inhibitor treatment accentuates metabolic and transcriptomic reprogramming to reduce neointimal formation in coronary artery and large artery elastance in metabolic syndrome rats.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Hemodynamics
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Metabolic Syndrome/enzymology
- Metabolic Syndrome/genetics
- Metabolic Syndrome/pathology
- Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Serum Response Factor/genetics
- Serum Response Factor/metabolism
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Vascular Remodeling
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhi Dhagia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Atsushi Kitagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Christina Jacob
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Connie Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - John G Edwards
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Rakhee Gupte
- Raadysan Biotech., Incorporated, Fishkill, New York
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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18
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Sørhus E, Donald CE, da Silva D, Thorsen A, Karlsen Ø, Meier S. Untangling mechanisms of crude oil toxicity: Linking gene expression, morphology and PAHs at two developmental stages in a cold-water fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143896. [PMID: 33316527 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Early life stages of fish are highly sensitive to crude oil exposure and thus, short term exposures during critical developmental periods could have detrimental consequences for juvenile survival. Here we administered crude oil to Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) in short term (3-day) exposures at two developmental time periods: before first heartbeat, from gastrulation to cardiac cone stage (early), and from first heartbeat to one day before hatching (late). A frequent sampling regime enabled us to determine immediate PAH uptake, metabolite formation and gene expression changes. In general, the embryotoxic consequences of an oil exposure were more severe in the early exposure animals. Oil droplets on the eggshell resulted in severe cardiac and craniofacial abnormalities in the highest treatments. Gene expression changes of Cytochrome 1 a, b, c and d (cyp1a, b, c, d), Bone morphogenetic protein 10 (bmp10), ABC transporter b1 (abcb1) and Rh-associated G-protein (rhag) were linked to PAH uptake, occurrence of metabolites of phenanthrene and developmental and functional abnormalities. We detected circulation-independent, oil-induced gene expression changes and separated phenotypes linked to proliferation, growth and disruption of formation events at early and late developmental stages. Changes in bmp10 expression suggest a direct oil-induced effect on calcium homeostasis. Localized expression of rhag propose an impact on osmoregulation. Severe eye abnormalities were linked to possible inappropriate overexpression of cyp1b in the eyes. This study gives an increased knowledge about developmentally dependent effects of crude oil toxicity. Thus, our findings provide more knowledge and detail to new and several existing adverse outcome pathways of crude oil toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Denis da Silva
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA), 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112-2097, USA
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19
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A differentiated Ca 2+ signalling phenotype has minimal impact on myocardin expression in an automated differentiation assay using A7r5 cells. Cell Calcium 2021; 96:102369. [PMID: 33677175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells are unusual in that differentiated, contractile cells possess the capacity to "de-differentiate" into a synthetic phenotype that is characterized by being replicative, secretory, and migratory. One aspect of this phenotypic modulation is a shift from voltage-gated Ca2+ signalling in electrically coupled, differentiated cells to increased dependence on store-operated Ca2+ entry and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in synthetic cells. Conversely, an increased voltage-gated Ca2+ entry is seen when proliferating A7r5 smooth muscle cells quiesce. We asked whether this change in Ca2+ signalling was linked to changes in the expression of the phenotype-regulating transcriptional co-activator myocardin or α-smooth muscle actin, using correlative epifluorescence Ca2+ imaging and immunocytochemistry. Cells were cultured in growth media (DMEM, 10% serum, 25 mM glucose) or differentiation media (DMEM, 1% serum, 5 mM glucose). Coinciding with growth arrest, A7r5 cells became electrically coupled, and spontaneous Ca2+ signalling showed increasing dependence on L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels that were blocked with nifedipine (5 μM). These synchronized oscillations were modulated by ryanodine receptors, based on their sensitivity to dantrolene (5 μM). Actively growing cultures had spontaneous Ca2+ transients that were insensitive to nifedipine and dantrolene but were blocked by inhibition of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum ATPase with cyclopiazonic acid (10 μM). In cells treated with differentiation media, myocardin and αSMA immunoreactivity increased prior to changes in the Ca2+ signalling phenotype, while chronic inhibition of voltage-gated Ca2+ entry modestly increased immunoreactivity of myocardin. Stepwise regression analyses suggested that changes in myocardin expression had a weak relationship with Ca2+ signalling synchronicity, but not frequency or amplitude. In conclusion, we report a 96-well assay and analytical pipeline to study the link between Ca2+ signalling and smooth muscle differentiation. This assay showed that changes in the expression of two molecular differentiation markers (myocardin and αSMA) tended to precede changes in the Ca2+ signalling phenotype.
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20
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Singh K, Randhwa G, Salloum FN, Grider JR, Murthy KS. Decreased smooth muscle function, peristaltic activity, and gastrointestinal transit in dystrophic (mdx) mice. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e13968. [PMID: 32789934 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by the lack of dystrophin in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Slow colonic transit and constipation are common in DMD patients and animal models of DMD. However, the cause of this hypocontractility and the expression of contractile proteins in smooth muscle are unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of contractile proteins in the colonic smooth muscle and the function of the colon in control and mdx mice. METHODS Muscle contraction was measured in muscle strips and isolated muscle cells. Peristaltic activity was measured in ex vivo preparations by spatiotemporal mapping, and gastrointestinal (GI) transit in vivo was measured by the distribution of fluorescent marker along the intestine and colon. mRNA expression of contractile proteins smoothelin, caldesmon, calponin, and tropomyosin was measured by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Expression of mRNA for contractile proteins was decreased in colonic smooth muscle of mdx mice compared with control. Contraction in response to acetylcholine and KCl was decreased in colonic muscle strips and in isolated muscle cells of mdx mice. Distension of ex vivo colons with Krebs buffer induced peristalsis in both control and mdx mice; however, significantly fewer full peristaltic waves were recorded in the colons of mdx mice. GI transit was also inhibited in mdx mice. CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES The data indicate that the lack of dystrophin causes decrease in colonic smooth muscle contractility, peristalsis, and GI transit and provides the basis for analysis of mechanisms involved in smooth muscle dysfunction in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Gurpreet Randhwa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Fadi N Salloum
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - John R Grider
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Karnam S Murthy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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21
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Nasu F, Obara Y, Okamoto Y, Yamaguchi H, Kurakami K, Norota I, Ishii K. Azelnidipine treatment reduces the expression of Ca v1.2 protein. Life Sci 2021; 269:119043. [PMID: 33453240 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Azelnidipine, a third-generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (DHP CCB), has a characteristic hypotensive effect that persists even after it has disappeared from the plasma, which is thought to be due to its high hydrophobicity. However, because azelnidipine is unique, it might have other unknown effects on L-type Cav1.2 channels that result in the long-lasting decrease of blood pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential quantitative modification of Cav1.2 by azelnidipine. MAIN METHODS HEK293 cells were used to express Cav1.2 channels. Immunocytochemical analysis was performed to detect changes in the surface expression of the pore-forming subunit of the Cav1.2 channel, Cav1.2α1c. Western blotting analysis was performed to evaluate changes in expression levels of total Cav1.2α1c and Cavβ2c. KEY FINDINGS The surface expression of Cav1.2α1c was markedly reduced by treatment with azelnidipine, but not with other DHP CCBs (amlodipine and nicardipine). Results obtained with a dynamin inhibitor and an early endosome marker suggested that the reduction of surface Cav1.2α1c was not likely caused by internalization. Azelnidipine reduced the total amount of Cav1.2α1c protein in HEK293 cells and rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The reduction of Cav1.2α1c was rescued by inhibiting proteasome activity. In contrast, azelnidipine did not affect the amount of auxiliary Cavβ2c subunits that function as a chaperone of Cav1.2. SIGNIFICANCE This study is the first to demonstrate that azelnidipine reduces the expression of Cav1.2α1c, which might partly explain its long-lasting hypotensive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Nasu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan; Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata 990-2292, Japan
| | - Yutaro Obara
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okamoto
- Department of Cell Physiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 010-0825, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kurakami
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Ikuo Norota
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Ishii
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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22
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Maternal Undernutrition Modulates Neonatal Rat Cerebrovascular Structure, Function, and Vulnerability to Mild Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury via Corticosteroid-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020680. [PMID: 33445547 PMCID: PMC7827870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explored the hypothesis that an adverse intrauterine environment caused by maternal undernutrition (MUN) acted through corticosteroid-dependent and -independent mechanisms to program lasting functional changes in the neonatal cerebrovasculature and vulnerability to mild hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury. From day 10 of gestation until term, MUN and MUN-metyrapone (MUN-MET) group rats consumed a diet restricted to 50% of calories consumed by a pair-fed control; and on gestational day 11 through term, MUN-MET groups received drinking water containing MET (0.5 mg/mL), a corticosteroid synthesis inhibitor. P9/P10 pups underwent unilateral carotid ligation followed 24 h later by 1.5 h exposure to 8% oxygen (HI treatment). An ELISA quantified MUN-, MET-, and HI-induced changes in circulating levels of corticosterone. In P11/P12 pups, MUN programming promoted contractile differentiation in cerebrovascular smooth muscle as determined by confocal microscopy, modulated calcium-dependent contractility as revealed by cerebral artery myography, enhanced vasogenic edema formation as indicated by T2 MRI, and worsened neurobehavior MUN unmasked HI-induced improvements in open-field locomotion and in edema resolution, alterations in calcium-dependent contractility and promotion of contractile differentiation. Overall, MUN imposed multiple interdependent effects on cerebrovascular smooth muscle differentiation, contractility, edema formation, flow-metabolism coupling and neurobehavior through pathways that both required, and were independent of, gestational corticosteroids. In light of growing global patterns of food insecurity, the present study emphasizes that infants born from undernourished mothers may experience greater risk for developing neonatal cerebral edema and sensorimotor impairments possibly through programmed changes in neonatal cerebrovascular function.
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23
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Bobi J, Garabito M, Solanes NÚ, Cidad P, Ramos-Pérez V, Ponce A, Rigol M, Freixa X, Pérez-Martínez C, Pérez de Prado A, Fernández-Vázquez F, Sabaté M, Borrós S, López-López JR, Pérez-García MT, Roqué M. Kv1.3 blockade inhibits proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and intimal hyperplasia in vivo. Transl Res 2020; 224:40-54. [PMID: 32522668 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels, involved in cell proliferation, arises as a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention of intimal hyperplasia present in in-stent restenosis (ISR) and allograft vasculopathy (AV). We studied the effect of PAP-1, a selective blocker of Kv1.3 channels, on development of intimal hyperplasia in vitro and in vivo in 2 porcine models of vascular injury. In vitro phenotypic modulation of VSMCs was associated to an increased functional expression of Kv1.3 channels, and only selective Kv1.3 channel blockers were able to inhibit porcine VSMC proliferation. The therapeutic potential of PAP-1 was then evaluated in vivo in swine models of ISR and AV. At 15-days follow-up, morphometric analysis demonstrated a substantial reduction of luminal stenosis in the allografts treated with PAP-1 (autograft 2.72 ± 1.79 vs allograft 10.32 ± 1.92 vs allograft + polymer 13.54 ± 8.59 vs allograft + polymer + PAP-1 3.06 ± 1.08 % of luminal stenosis; P = 0.006) in the swine model of femoral artery transplant. In the pig model of coronary ISR, using a prototype of PAP-1-eluting stent, no differences were observed regarding % of stenosis compared to control stents (31 ± 13 % vs 37 ± 18%, respectively; P = 0.372) at 28-days follow-up. PAP-1 treatment was safe and did not impair vascular healing in terms of delayed endothelialization, inflammation or thrombosis. However, an incomplete release of PAP-1 from stents was documented. We conclude that the use of selective Kv1.3 blockers represents a promising therapeutic approach for the prevention of intimal hyperplasia in AV, although further studies to improve their delivery method are needed to elucidate its potential in ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Bobi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Garabito
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - NÚria Solanes
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Cidad
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología and Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Víctor Ramos-Pérez
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Ponce
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Rigol
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Freixa
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Pérez-Martínez
- Grupo Cardiovascular (HemoLeon), Fundación Investigación Sanitaria en León y del Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Hospital Universitario de León, León, Spain
| | - Armando Pérez de Prado
- Grupo Cardiovascular (HemoLeon), Fundación Investigación Sanitaria en León y del Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Hospital Universitario de León, León, Spain
| | - Felipe Fernández-Vázquez
- Grupo Cardiovascular (HemoLeon), Fundación Investigación Sanitaria en León y del Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Hospital Universitario de León, León, Spain
| | - Manel Sabaté
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Biomaterials Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ramón López-López
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología and Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mª Teresa Pérez-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología and Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - MercÈ Roqué
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Cardiology Department, Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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TRPC and TRPV Channels' Role in Vascular Remodeling and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176125. [PMID: 32854408 PMCID: PMC7503586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potentials (TRPs) are non-selective cation channels that are widely expressed in vascular beds. They contribute to the Ca2+ influx evoked by a wide spectrum of chemical and physical stimuli, both in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Within the superfamily of TRP channels, different isoforms of TRPC (canonical) and TRPV (vanilloid) have emerged as important regulators of vascular tone and blood flow pressure. Additionally, several lines of evidence derived from animal models, and even from human subjects, highlighted the role of TRPC and TRPV in vascular remodeling and disease. Dysregulation in the function and/or expression of TRPC and TRPV isoforms likely regulates vascular smooth muscle cells switching from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. This process contributes to the development and progression of vascular disorders, such as systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and restenosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the implication of TRPC and TRPV in the physiological and pathological processes of some frequent vascular diseases.
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25
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Kitagawa A, Kizub I, Jacob C, Michael K, D'Alessandro A, Reisz JA, Grzybowski M, Geurts AM, Rocic P, Gupte R, Miano JM, Gupte SA. CRISPR-Mediated Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Modeling in Rats Reveals Insight Into Reduced Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Mediterranean G6PD Variant. Hypertension 2020; 76:523-532. [PMID: 32507041 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that individuals in the Mediterranean region with a loss-of-function, nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (S188F), in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) are less susceptible to vascular diseases. However, this association has not yet been experimentally proven. Here, we set out to determine whether the Mediterranean mutation confers protection from vascular diseases and to discover the underlying protective mechanism. We generated a rat model with the Mediterranean single nucleotide polymorphism (G6PDS188F) using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. In rats carrying the mutation, G6PD activity, but not expression, was reduced to 20% of wild-type (WT) littermates. Additionally, unbiased metabolomics analysis revealed that the pentose phosphate pathway and other ancillary metabolic pathways connected to the pentose phosphate pathway were reduced (P<0.05) in the arteries of G6PDS188F versus WT rats. Intriguingly, G6PDS188F mutants, as compared with WT rats, developed less large arterial stiffness and hypertension evoked by high-fat diet and nitric oxide synthase inhibition with L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester. Intravenous injection of a voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channel agonist (methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate; Bay K8644) acutely increased blood pressure in WT but not in G6PDS188F rats. Finally, our results suggested that (1) lower resting membrane potential of smooth muscle caused by increased expression of K+ channel proteins and (2) decreased voltage-gated Ca2+ channel activity in smooth muscle contributed to reduced hypertension and arterial stiffness evoked by L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester and high-fat diet to G6PDS188F mutants as compared with WT rats. In summary, a mutation resulting in the replacement of a single amino acid (S188F) in G6PD, the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, ascribed properties to the vascular smooth muscle that shields the organism from risk factors associated with vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kitagawa
- From the Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (A.K., I.K., C.J., K.M., P.R., S.A.G.)
| | - Igor Kizub
- From the Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (A.K., I.K., C.J., K.M., P.R., S.A.G.)
| | - Christina Jacob
- From the Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (A.K., I.K., C.J., K.M., P.R., S.A.G.)
| | - Kevin Michael
- From the Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (A.K., I.K., C.J., K.M., P.R., S.A.G.)
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (A.D., J.A.R.)
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (A.D., J.A.R.)
| | - Michael Grzybowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (M.G., A.M.G.)
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (M.G., A.M.G.)
| | - Petra Rocic
- From the Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (A.K., I.K., C.J., K.M., P.R., S.A.G.)
| | | | - Joseph M Miano
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University (J.M.M.)
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- From the Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (A.K., I.K., C.J., K.M., P.R., S.A.G.)
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26
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Yang H, Chen XY, Kuang SJ, Zhou MY, Zhang L, Zeng Z, Liu L, Wu FL, Zhang MZ, Mai LP, Yang M, Xue YM, Rao F, Deng CY. Abnormal Ca 2+ handling contributes to the impairment of aortic smooth muscle contractility in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 141:82-92. [PMID: 32222458 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction is a common pathological basis for complications in individuals affected by diabetes. Previous studies have established that endothelial dysfunction is the primary contributor to vascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the role of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vascular complications associated with T2DM is still not completely understood. The aim of this study is to explore the potential mechanisms associated with Ca2+ handling dysfunction and how this dysfunction contributes to diabetic vascular smooth muscle impairment. The results indicated that endothelium-dependent vasodilation was impaired in diabetic aortae, but endothelium-independent vasodilation was not altered. Various vasoconstrictors such as phenylephrine, U46619 and 5-HT could induce vasoconstriction in a concentration-dependent manner, such that the dose-response curve was parallel shifted to the right in diabetic aortae, compared to the control. Vasoconstrictions mediated by L-type calcium (Cav1.2) channels were attenuated in diabetic aortae, but effects mediated by store-operated calcium (SOC) channels were enhanced. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in VSMCs was detected by Fluo-4 calcium fluorescent probes, and demonstrated that SOC-mediated Ca2+ entry was increased in diabetic VSMCs. VSMC-specific knockout of STIM1 genes decreased SOC-mediated and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstrictive response in mice aortae. Additionally, Orai1 expression was up-regulated, Cav1.2 expression was downregulated, and the phenotypic transformation of diabetic VSMCs was determined in diabetic aortae. The overexpression of Orai1 markedly promoted the OPN expression of VSMCs, whereas SKF96365 (SOC channel blocker) reversed the phenotypic transformation of diabetic VSMCs. Our results demonstrated that the vasoconstriction response of aortic smooth muscle was weakened in type 2 diabetic rats, which was related to the downregulation of the Cav1.2 channel and the up-regulation of the SOC channel signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Su-Juan Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of biological science and engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of biological science and engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fei-Long Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Ping Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Min Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu-Mei Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fang Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Chun-Yu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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27
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Marris CR, Kompella SN, Miller MR, Incardona JP, Brette F, Hancox JC, Sørhus E, Shiels HA. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons in pollution: a heart-breaking matter. J Physiol 2020; 598:227-247. [PMID: 31840250 PMCID: PMC7003748 DOI: 10.1113/jp278885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is associated with detrimental effects on human health, including decreased cardiovascular function. However, the causative mechanisms behind these effects have yet to be fully elucidated. Here we review the current epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence linking pollution with cardiovascular dysfunction. Our focus is on particulate matter (PM) and the associated low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as key mediators of cardiotoxicity. We begin by reviewing the growing epidemiological evidence linking air pollution to cardiovascular dysfunction in humans. We next address the pollution-based cardiotoxic mechanisms first identified in fish following the release of large quantities of PAHs into the marine environment from point oil spills (e.g. Deepwater Horizon). We finish by discussing the current state of mechanistic knowledge linking PM and PAH exposure to mammalian cardiovascular patho-physiologies such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmias, contractile dysfunction and the underlying alterations in gene regulation. Our aim is to show conservation of toxicant pathways and cellular targets across vertebrate hearts to allow a broad framework of the global problem of cardiotoxic pollution to be established. AhR; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Dark lines indicate topics discussed in this review. Grey lines indicate topics reviewed elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Marris
- Division of Cardiovascular SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - S. N. Kompella
- Division of Cardiovascular SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - M. R. Miller
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceQueens Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - J. P. Incardona
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences DivisionNorthwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWA98112USA
| | - F. Brette
- INSERMCentre de Recherche Cardio‐Thoracique de BordeauxU1045BordeauxFrance
- Université de BordeauxCentre de Recherche Cardio‐ThoraciqueU1045BordeauxFrance
- IHU LirycElectrophysiology and Heart Modeling InstituteFondation Bordeaux UniversitéPessac‐BordeauxFrance
| | - J. C. Hancox
- School of PhysiologyPharmacology and NeuroscienceBristol Heart InstituteUniversity of BristolBristolBS2 8HWUK
| | - E. Sørhus
- Institute of Marine ResearchPO Box 1870 Nordes NO‐5871BergenNorway
| | - H. A. Shiels
- Division of Cardiovascular SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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28
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Yang J, Li S, Wang Q, Yang D. Transmembrane protein 66 attenuates neointimal hyperplasia after carotid artery injury by SOCE inactivation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1436-1442. [PMID: 31173198 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia could be one of the most important complications after balloon angioplasty. Since calcium signaling has several physiologic effects on the regulation of the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), it was hypothesized that transmembrane protein 66 (TMEM66), a store operated calcium entry (SOCE)‑associated regulatory factor, possesses vascular protection against balloon injury. The rat balloon‑induced carotid artery injury model was performed. Histological analysis was used to check neointimal hyperplasia. TMEM66 expression was measured by PCR and immunoblotting. The results revealed that TMEM66 was expressed in the medial and neointimal layers of the injured artery, and the expression of TMEM66 was markedly decreased. TMEM66 overexpression attenuated neointimal hyperplasia via VSMC proliferation/migration inhibition, and restored expression of VSMC phenotypic markers. Moreover, TMEM66 overexpression reduced the increased expression of Stim1 and Orai1 and PDGF‑BB treatment‑enhanced [Ca2+]i. In conclusion, TMEM66 protects against balloon injury‑induced neointimal hyperplasia, and may be a pharmacological target for the treatment of restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
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29
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Parker T, Wang KW, Manning D, Dart C. Soluble adenylyl cyclase links Ca 2+ entry to Ca 2+/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) activation in vascular smooth muscle. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7317. [PMID: 31086231 PMCID: PMC6514005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-transcription coupling controls gene expression patterns that define vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype. Although not well understood this allows normally contractile VSMCs to become proliferative following vessel injury, a process essential for repair but which also contributes to vascular remodelling, atherogenesis and restenosis. Here we show that the Ca2+/HCO3--sensitive enzyme, soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), links Ca2+ influx in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCASMCs) to 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generation and phosphorylation of the transcription factor Ca2+/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) into hCASMCs expressing the FRET-based cAMP biosensor H187 induced a rise in cAMP that mirrored cytosolic [Ca2+]. SOCE also activated the cAMP effector, protein kinase A (PKA), as determined by the PKA reporter, AKAR4-NES, and induced phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and CREB. Transmembrane adenylyl cyclase inhibition had no effect on the SOCE-induced rise in cAMP, while sAC inhibition abolished SOCE-generated cAMP and significantly reduced SOCE-induced VASP and CREB phosphorylation. This suggests that SOCE in hCASMCs activates sAC which in turn activates the cAMP/PKA/CREB axis. sAC, which is insensitive to G-protein modulation but responsive to Ca2+, pH and ATP, may therefore act as an overlooked regulatory node in vascular Ca2+-transcription coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Parker
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Kai-Wen Wang
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Declan Manning
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dart
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom.
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30
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Abstract
The human cerebral vasculature originates in the fourth week of gestation and continues to expand and diversify well into the first few years of postnatal life. A key feature of this growth is smooth muscle differentiation, whereby smooth muscle cells within cerebral arteries transform from migratory to proliferative to synthetic and finally to contractile phenotypes. These phenotypic transformations can be reversed by pathophysiological perturbations such as hypoxia, which causes loss of contractile capacity in immature cerebral arteries. In turn, loss of contractility affects all whole-brain cerebrovascular responses, including those involved in flow-metabolism coupling, vasodilatory responses to acute hypoxia and hypercapnia, cerebral autoregulation, and reactivity to activation of perivascular nerves. Future strategies to minimize cerebral injury following hypoxia-ischemic insults in the immature brain might benefit by targeting treatments to preserve and promote contractile differentiation in the fetal cerebrovasculature. This could potentially be achieved through inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor, which are mobilized by hypoxic and ischemic injury and which facilitate contractile dedifferentiation. Interruption of the effects of other vascular mitogens, such as endothelin and angiotensin-II, and even some miRNA species, also could be beneficial. Future experimental work that addresses these possibilities offers promise to improve current clinical management of neonates who have suffered and survived hypoxic, ischemic, asphyxic, or inflammatory cerebrovascular insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Pearce
- From the Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA.
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31
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Christie MJ, Romano T, Murphy RM, Posterino GS. The effect of intrauterine growth restriction on Ca 2+ -activated force and contractile protein expression in the mesenteric artery of adult (6-month-old) male and female Wistar-Kyoto rats. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13954. [PMID: 30592188 PMCID: PMC6308111 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is known to alter vascular smooth muscle reactivity, but it is currently unknown whether these changes are driven by downstream events that lead to force development, specifically, Ca2+ -regulated activation of the contractile apparatus or a shift in contractile protein content. This study investigated the effects of IUGR on Ca2+ -activated force production, contractile protein expression, and a potential phenotypic switch in the resistance mesenteric artery of both male and female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats following two different growth restriction models. Pregnant female WKY rats were randomly assigned to either a control (C; N = 9) or food restriction diet (FR; 40% of control; N = 11) at gestational day-15 or underwent a bilateral uterine vessel ligation surgery restriction (SR; N = 10) or a sham surgery control model (SC; N = 12) on day-18 of gestation. At 6-months of age, vascular responsiveness of intact mesenteric arteries was studied, before chemically permeabilization using 50 μmol/L β-escin to investigate Ca2+ -activated force. Peak responsiveness to a K+ -induced depolarization was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) due to a reduction in maximum Ca2+ -activated force (P ≤ 0.05) in both male growth restricted experimental groups. Vascular responsiveness was unchanged between female experimental groups. Segments of mesenteric artery were analyzed using Western blotting revealed IUGR reduced the relative abundance of important receptor and contractile proteins in male growth restricted rats (P ≤ 0.05), suggesting a potential phenotypic switch, whilst no changes were observed in females. Results from this study suggest that IUGR alters the mesenteric artery reactivity due to a decrease in maximum Ca2+ -activated force, and likely contributed to by a reduction in contractile protein and receptor/channel content in 6-month-old male rats, while female WKY rats appear to be protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Christie
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tania Romano
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Robyn M. Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsLa Trobe Institute for Molecular SciencesLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Giuseppe S. Posterino
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Zhou F, Rao F, Deng YQ, Yang H, Kuang SJ, Wu FL, Wu SL, Xue YM, Wu XM, Deng CY. Atorvastatin ameliorates the contractile dysfunction of the aorta induced by organ culture. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:19-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jensen AB, Joergensen HB, Dam VS, Kamaev D, Boedtkjer D, Füchtbauer EM, Aalkjaer C, Matchkov VV. Variable Contribution of TMEM16A to Tone in Murine Arterial Vasculature. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:30-41. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dmitrii Kamaev
- Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
| | - Donna Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
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Olver TD, Edwards JC, Ferguson BS, Hiemstra JA, Thorne PK, Hill MA, Laughlin MH, Emter CA. Chronic interval exercise training prevents BK Ca channel-mediated coronary vascular dysfunction in aortic-banded miniswine. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:86-96. [PMID: 29596016 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01138.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional treatments have failed to improve the prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of chronic interval exercise training (IT) on large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channel-mediated coronary vascular function in heart failure. We hypothesized that chronic interval exercise training would attenuate pressure overload-induced impairments to coronary BKCa channel-mediated function. A translational large-animal model with cardiac features of HFpEF was used to test this hypothesis. Specifically, male Yucatan miniswine were divided into three groups ( n = 7/group): control (CON), aortic banded (AB)-heart failure (HF), and AB-interval trained (HF-IT). Coronary blood flow, vascular conductance, and vasodilatory capacity were measured after administration of the BKCa channel agonist NS-1619 both in vivo and in vitro in the left anterior descending coronary artery and isolated coronary arterioles, respectively. Skeletal muscle citrate synthase activity was decreased and left ventricular brain natriuretic peptide levels increased in HF vs. CON and HF-IT animals. A parallel decrease in NS-1619-dependent coronary vasodilatory reserve in vivo and isolated coronary arteriole vasodilatory responsiveness in vitro were observed in HF animals compared with CON, which was prevented in the HF-IT group. Although exercise training prevented BKCa channel-mediated coronary vascular dysfunction, it did not change BKCa channel α-subunit mRNA, protein, or cellular location (i.e., membrane vs. cytoplasm). In conclusion, these results demonstrate the viability of chronic interval exercise training as a therapy for central and peripheral adaptations of experimental heart failure, including BKCa channel-mediated coronary vascular dysfunction. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Conventional treatments have failed to improve the prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. Our findings show that chronic interval exercise training can prevent BKCa channel-mediated coronary vascular dysfunction in a translational swine model of chronic pressure overload-induced heart failure with relevance to human HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dylan Olver
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jenna C Edwards
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Brian S Ferguson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jessica A Hiemstra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Pamela K Thorne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - M Harold Laughlin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Craig A Emter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
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El-Yazbi AF, Eid AH, El-Mas MM. Cardiovascular and renal interactions between cyclosporine and NSAIDs: Underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance. Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:251-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Liu L, Chen J, Sun L, Xu Y. RhoJ promotes hypoxia induced endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition by activating WDR5 expression. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:3384-3393. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Junliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuxi College of MedicineJiangnan UniversityJiangsuChina
| | - Lina Sun
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Pathology and PathophysiologySoochow UniversityJiangsuChina
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Leloup A, De Moudt S, Van Hove C, Fransen P. Cyclic Stretch Alters Vascular Reactivity of Mouse Aortic Segments. Front Physiol 2017; 8:858. [PMID: 29163203 PMCID: PMC5674939 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Large, elastic arteries buffer the pressure wave originating in the left ventricle and are constantly exposed to higher amplitudes of cyclic stretch (10%) than muscular arteries (2%). As a crucial factor for endothelial and smooth muscle cell function, cyclic stretch has, however, never been studied in ex vivo aortic segments of mice. To investigate the effects of cyclic stretch on vaso-reactivity of mouse aortic segments, we used the Rodent Oscillatory Tension Set-up to study Arterial Compliance (ROTSAC). The aortic segments were clamped at frequencies of 6–600 bpm between two variable preloads, thereby mimicking dilation as upon left ventricular systole and recoiling as during diastole. The preloads corresponding to different transmural pressures were chosen to correspond to a low, normal or high amplitude of cyclic stretch. At different time intervals, cyclic stretch was interrupted, the segments were afterloaded and isometric contractions by α1-adrenergic stimulation with 2 μM phenylephrine in the absence and presence of 300 μM L-NAME (eNOS inhibitor) and/or 35 μM diltiazem (blocker of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels) were measured. As compared with static or cyclic stretch at low amplitude (<10 mN) or low frequency (0.1 Hz), cyclic stretch at physiological amplitude (>10 mN) and frequency (1–10 Hz) caused better ex vivo conservation of basal NO release with time after mounting. The relaxation of PE-precontracted segments by addition of ACh to stimulate NO release was unaffected by cyclic stretch. In the absence of basal NO release (hence, presence of L-NAME), physiological in comparison with aberrant cyclic stretch decreased the baseline tension, attenuated the phasic contraction by phenylephrine in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ and shifted the smaller tonic contraction more from a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel-mediated to a non-selective cation channel-mediated. Data highlight the need of sufficient mechanical activation of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells to maintain basal NO release and low intracellular Ca2+ in the smooth muscle cells in large arteries. Both phenomena may play a vital role in maintaining the high compliance of large arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Leloup
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Moudt
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cor Van Hove
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul Fransen
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Pérez-García MT, Cidad P, López-López JR. The secret life of ion channels: Kv1.3 potassium channels and proliferation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 314:C27-C42. [PMID: 28931540 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00136.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kv1.3 channels are involved in the switch to proliferation of normally quiescent cells, being implicated in the control of cell cycle in many different cell types and in many different ways. They modulate membrane potential controlling K+ fluxes, sense changes in potential, and interact with many signaling molecules through their intracellular domains. From a mechanistic point of view, we can describe the role of Kv1.3 channels in proliferation with at least three different models. In the "membrane potential model," membrane hyperpolarization resulting from Kv1.3 activation provides the driving force for Ca2+ influx required to activate Ca2+-dependent transcription. This model explains most of the data obtained from several cells from the immune system. In the "voltage sensor model," Kv1.3 channels serve mainly as sensors that transduce electrical signals into biochemical cascades, independently of their effect on membrane potential. Kv1.3-dependent proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) could fit this model. Finally, in the "channelosome balance model," the master switch determining proliferation may be related to the control of the Kv1.3 to Kv1.5 ratio, as described in glial cells and also in VSMCs. Since the three mechanisms cannot function independently, these models are obviously not exclusive. Nevertheless, they could be exploited differentially in different cells and tissues. This large functional flexibility of Kv1.3 channels surely gives a new perspective on their functions beyond their elementary role as ion channels, although a conclusive picture of the mechanisms involved in Kv1.3 signaling to proliferation is yet to be reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa Pérez-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología e Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid y Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Valladolid , Spain
| | - Pilar Cidad
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología e Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid y Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Valladolid , Spain
| | - José R López-López
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología e Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid y Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Valladolid , Spain
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Incardona JP. Molecular Mechanisms of Crude Oil Developmental Toxicity in Fish. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 73:19-32. [PMID: 28695261 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
With major oil spills in Korea, the United States, and China in the past decade, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of studies characterizing the developmental toxicity of crude oil and its associated polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). The use of model fish species with associated tools for genetic manipulation, combined with high throughput genomics techniques in nonmodel fish species, has led to significant advances in understanding the cellular and molecular bases of functional and morphological defects arising from embryonic exposure to crude oil. Following from the identification of the developing heart as the primary target of crude oil developmental toxicity, studies on individual PACs have revealed a diversity of cardiotoxic mechanisms. For some PACs that are strong agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), defects in heart development arise in an AHR-dependent manner, which has been shown for potent organochlorine agonists, such as dioxins. However, crude oil contains a much larger fraction of compounds that have been found to interfere directly with cardiomyocyte physiology in an AHR-independent manner. By comparing the cellular and molecular responses to AHR-independent and AHR-dependent toxicity, this review focuses on new insights into heart-specific pathways underlying both acute and secondary adverse outcomes to crude oil exposure during fish development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Incardona
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA, 98112, USA.
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Collado MS, Cole BK, Figler RA, Lawson M, Manka D, Simmers MB, Hoang S, Serrano F, Blackman BR, Sinha S, Wamhoff BR. Exposure of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells in Coculture to Hemodynamics Induces Primary Vascular Cell-Like Phenotypes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017. [PMID: 28628273 PMCID: PMC5689791 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into vascular endothelial (iEC) and smooth muscle (iSMC) cells. However, because iECs and iSMCs are not derived from an intact blood vessel, they represent an immature phenotype. Hemodynamics and heterotypic cell:cell communication play important roles in vascular cell phenotypic modulation. Here we tested the hypothesis that hemodynamic exposure of iECs in coculture with iSMCs induces an in vivo‐like phenotype. iECs and iSMCs were cocultured under vascular region‐specific blood flow hemodynamics, and compared to hemodynamic cocultures of blood vessel‐derived endothelial (pEC) and smooth muscle (pSMC) cells. Hemodynamic flow‐induced gene expression positively correlated between pECs and iECs as well as pSMCs and iSMCs. While endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3 protein was lower in iECs than pECs, iECs were functionally mature as seen by acetylated‐low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake. SMC contractile protein markers were also positively correlated between pSMCs and iSMCs. Exposure of iECs and pECs to atheroprone hemodynamics with oxidized‐LDL induced an inflammatory response in both. Dysfunction of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway is seen in several vascular diseases, and iECs and iSMCs exhibited a transcriptomic prolife similar to pECs and pSMCs, respectively, in their responses to LY2109761‐mediated transforming growth factor β receptor I/II (TGFβRI/II) inhibition. Although there are differences between ECs and SMCs derived from iPSCs versus blood vessels, hemodynamic coculture restores a high degree of similarity in their responses to pathological stimuli associated with vascular diseases. Thus, iPSC‐derived vascular cells exposed to hemodynamics may provide a viable system for modeling rare vascular diseases and testing new therapeutic approaches. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1673–1683
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark Lawson
- HemoShear Therapeutics, LLC, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - David Manka
- HemoShear Therapeutics, LLC, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Steve Hoang
- HemoShear Therapeutics, LLC, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Felipe Serrano
- Department of Medicine and WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sanjay Sinha
- Department of Medicine and WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Altered mitochondrial function, capacitative calcium entry and contractions in the aorta of hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2017; 35:1594-1608. [PMID: 28403042 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that Ca entry through store-operated Ca channels (SOCs) is regulated by a dynamic interplay between the endoplasmic reticulum Ca stores and the mitochondria. These relationships drive the activation and inactivation of SOCs, yet it remains unclear whether this regulation of SOCs by mitochondria is altered in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS We performed a thorough study of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the ability of mitochondria to deal with cytosolic Ca, capacitative Ca entry (CCE), and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (orai1) protein expression, as well as the contractile capacity of aortic rings, in normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) and SHRs. RESULTS Changes were observed in aortic tissue and cultured vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from SHRs relative to WKYs, including more depolarized mitochondria, stronger CCE upon the addition of Ca, larger cytosolic Ca transients (cytosolic Ca concentration) or aortic ring contraction elicited by endoplasmic reticulum depletion and a significant increase in STIM1 protein expression but not of orai1. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the impaired Ca buffering capacity of partially depolarized mitochondria dysregulates CCE, leading to overfilling of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca store through enhanced STIM1/orai1 interactions and an increase in aorta contractions in SHRs. Thus, understanding the implications of the alterations to STIM1/orai1, and their relationship to mitochondria, may aid drug development and therapeutic strategies to treat hypertension, as well as its long-term sequelae in poorly controlled patients.
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Grossi M, Bhattachariya A, Nordström I, Turczyńska KM, Svensson D, Albinsson S, Nilsson BO, Hellstrand P. Pyk2 inhibition promotes contractile differentiation in arterial smooth muscle. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3088-3102. [PMID: 28019664 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Modulation from contractile to synthetic phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells is a central process in disorders involving compromised integrity of the vascular wall. Phenotype modulation has been shown to include transition from voltage-dependent toward voltage-independent regulation of the intracellular calcium level, and inhibition of non-voltage dependent calcium influx contributes to maintenance of the contractile phenotype. One possible mediator of calcium-dependent signaling is the FAK-family non-receptor protein kinase Pyk2, which is activated by a number of stimuli in a calcium-dependent manner. We used the Pyk2 inhibitor PF-4594755 and Pyk2 siRNA to investigate the role of Pyk2 in phenotype modulation in rat carotid artery smooth muscle cells and in cultured intact arteries. Pyk2 inhibition promoted the expression of smooth muscle markers at the mRNA and protein levels under stimulation by FBS or PDGF-BB and counteracted phenotype shift in cultured intact carotid arteries and balloon injury ex vivo. During long-term (24-96 hr) treatment with PF-4594755, smooth muscle markers increased before cell proliferation was inhibited, correlating with decreased KLF4 expression and differing from effects of MEK inhibition. The Pyk2 inhibitor reduced Orai1 and preserved SERCA2a expression in carotid artery segments in organ culture, and eliminated the inhibitory effect of PDGF stimulation on L-type calcium channel and large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel expression in carotid cells. Basal intracellular calcium level, calcium wave activity, and store-operated calcium influx were reduced after Pyk2 inhibition of growth-stimulated cells. Pyk2 inhibition may provide an interesting approach for preserving vascular smooth muscle differentiation under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Grossi
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ina Nordström
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Svensson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Bengt-Olof Nilsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Hellstrand
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Weng J, Wang C, Zhong W, Li B, Wang Z, Shao C, Chen Y, Yan J. Activation of CD137 Signaling Promotes Angiogenesis in Atherosclerosis via Modulating Endothelial Smad1/5-NFATc1 Pathway. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004756. [PMID: 28288971 PMCID: PMC5524009 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Excessive angiogenesis is a key feature of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, and is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. CD137 signaling has previously been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis. However, the possible role of CD137 signaling in regulating angiogenesis has not been reported. Methods and Results Apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE−/−) mice were used as the in vivo model of atherosclerosis. Masson and immunohistochemical analysis of atherosclerotic plaques and Matrigel plug assay were used to evaluate the angiogenesis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells were used as in vitro and ex vivo models to study how CD137 signaling affects angiogenesis. Matrigel tube formation assay, mouse aortic ring angiogenesis assay, and migration and proliferation assay were employed to assess angiogenesis. Western blot was used to detect protein expression. We found increased neovessel formation in atherosclerotic plaques of ApoE−/− mice treated with agonist anti‐CD137 antibody. Activation of CD137 signaling induced angiogenesis, endothelial proliferation, and endothelial cell migration. CD137 signaling activates the pro‐angiogenic Smad1/5 pathway, induces the phosphorylation of Smad1/5 and nuclear translocation of p‐Smad1/5, which in turn promotes the expression and translocation of NFATc1. Blocking CD137 signaling with inhibitory anti‐CD137 antibody could inhibit this activation and attenuated agonist anti‐CD137 antibody‐induced angiogenesis. Conclusions These findings suggest that CD137 signaling is a new regulator of angiogenesis by modulating the Smad1/5‐NFATc1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Rodenbeck SD, Zarse CA, McKenney-Drake ML, Bruning RS, Sturek M, Chen NX, Moe SM. Intracellular calcium increases in vascular smooth muscle cells with progression of chronic kidney disease in a rat model. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017; 32:450-458. [PMID: 27510531 PMCID: PMC5837609 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exhibit phenotypic plasticity, promoting vascular calcification and increasing cardiovascular risk. Changes in VSMC intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) are a major determinant of plasticity, but little is known about changes in [Ca 2+ ] i in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We have previously demonstrated such plasticity in aortas from our rat model of CKD and therefore sought to examine changes in [Ca 2+ ] i during CKD progression. Materials and Methods We examined freshly isolated VSMCs from aortas of normal rats, Cy/+ rats (CKD) with early and advanced CKD, and advanced CKD rats treated without and with 3% calcium gluconate (CKD + Ca 2+ ) to lower parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. [Ca 2+ ] i was measured with fura-2. Results Cy/+ rats developed progressive CKD, as assessed by plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23. VSMCs isolated from rats with CKD demonstrated biphasic alterations in resting [Ca 2+ ] i : VSMCs from rats with early CKD exhibited reduced resting [Ca 2+ ] i , while VSMCs from rats with advanced CKD exhibited elevated resting [Ca 2+ ] i . Caffeine-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca 2+ store release was modestly increased in early CKD and was more drastically increased in advanced CKD. The advanced CKD elevation in SR Ca 2+ store release was associated with a significant increase in the activity of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA); however, SERCA2a protein expression was decreased in advanced CKD. Following SR Ca 2+ store release, recovery of [Ca 2+ ] i in the presence of caffeine and extracellular Ca 2+ was attenuated in VSMCs from rats with advanced CKD. This impairment, together with reductions in expression of the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger, suggest a reduction in Ca 2+ extrusion capability. Finally, store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) was assessed following SR Ca 2+ store depletion. Ca 2+ entry during recovery from caffeine-induced SR Ca 2+ store release was elevated in advanced CKD, suggesting a role for exacerbated SOCE with progressing CKD. Conclusions With progressive CKD in the Cy/+ rat there is increased resting [Ca 2+ ] i in VSMCs due, in part, to increased SOCE and impaired calcium extrusion from the cell. Such changes may predispose VSMCs to phenotypic changes that are a prerequisite to calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Dineen Rodenbeck
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chad A. Zarse
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street, R2-202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mikaela L. McKenney-Drake
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Bruning
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael Sturek
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Neal X. Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street, R2-202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sharon M. Moe
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street, R2-202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Zhou B, Zeng S, Li N, Yu L, Yang G, Yang Y, Zhang X, Fang M, Xia J, Xu Y. Angiogenic Factor With G Patch and FHA Domains 1 Is a Novel Regulator of Vascular Injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:675-684. [PMID: 28153879 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.308992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells represents a hallmark event in vascular injury. The underlying mechanism is not completely sorted out. We investigated the involvement of angiogenic factor with G patch and FHA domains 1 (Aggf1) in vascular injury focusing on the transcriptional regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell signature genes. APPROACH AND RESULTS We report here that Aggf1 expression was downregulated in several different cell models of phenotypic modulation in vitro and in the vessels after carotid artery ligation in mice. Adenovirus-mediated Aggf1 overexpression dampened vascular injury and normalized vascular smooth muscle cell signature gene expression. Mechanistically, Aggf1 interacted with myocardin and was imperative for the formation of a serum response factor-myocardin complex on gene promoters. In response to injurious stimuli, kruppel-like factor 4 was recruited to the Aggf1 promoter and enlisted histone deacetylase 11 to repress Aggf1 transcription. In accordance, depletion of kruppel-like factor 4 or histone deacetylase 11 restored Aggf1 expression and abrogated vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation. Finally, treatment of a histone deacetylase 11 inhibitor attenuated vascular injury in mice. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, we have unveiled a previously unrecognized role for Aggf1 in regulating vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisheng Zhou
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Sheng Zeng
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Nan Li
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Liming Yu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Guang Yang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Yuyu Yang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Xinjian Zhang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Mingming Fang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Jun Xia
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.)
| | - Yong Xu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (J.X.).
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Sørhus E, Incardona JP, Furmanek T, Goetz GW, Scholz NL, Meier S, Edvardsen RB, Jentoft S. Novel adverse outcome pathways revealed by chemical genetics in a developing marine fish. eLife 2017; 6:e20707. [PMID: 28117666 PMCID: PMC5302885 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Crude oil spills are a worldwide ocean conservation threat. Fish are particularly vulnerable to the oiling of spawning habitats, and crude oil causes severe abnormalities in embryos and larvae. However, the underlying mechanisms for these developmental defects are not well understood. Here, we explore the transcriptional basis for four discrete crude oil injury phenotypes in the early life stages of the commercially important Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus). These include defects in (1) cardiac form and function, (2) craniofacial development, (3) ionoregulation and fluid balance, and (4) cholesterol synthesis and homeostasis. Our findings suggest a key role for intracellular calcium cycling and excitation-transcription coupling in the dysregulation of heart and jaw morphogenesis. Moreover, the disruption of ionoregulatory pathways sheds new light on buoyancy control in marine fish embryos. Overall, our chemical-genetic approach identifies initiating events for distinct adverse outcome pathways and novel roles for individual genes in fundamental developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - John P Incardona
- Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Giles W Goetz
- Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, United States
| | - Nathaniel L Scholz
- Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, United States
| | | | | | - Sissel Jentoft
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Di Mise A, Wang YX, Zheng YM. Role of Transcription Factors in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells: An Important Link to Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:13-32. [PMID: 29047078 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, namely a lack of oxygen in the blood, induces pulmonary vasoconstriction and vasoremodeling, which serve as essential pathologic factors leading to pulmonary hypertension (PH). The underlying molecular mechanisms are uncertain; however, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play an essential role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, vasoremodeling, and PH. Hypoxia causes oxidative damage to DNAs, proteins, and lipids. This damage (oxidative stress) modulates the activity of ion channels and elevates the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i, Ca2+ signaling) of PASMCs. The oxidative stress and increased Ca2+ signaling mutually interact with each other, and synergistically results in a variety of cellular responses. These responses include functional and structural abnormalities of mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and nucleus; cell contraction, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, as well as generation of vasoactive substances, inflammatory molecules, and growth factors that mediate the development of PH. A number of studies reveal that various transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, disrupted PAMSC Ca2+ signaling and the development and progress of PH. It is believed that in the pathogenesis of PH, hypoxia facilitates these roles by mediating the expression of multiple genes. Therefore, the identification of specific genes and their transcription factors implicated in PH is necessary for the complete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, this identification may aid in the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Evans AM. Nanojunctions of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Deliver Site- and Function-Specific Calcium Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscles. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 78:1-47. [PMID: 28212795 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive agents may induce myocyte contraction, dilation, and the switch from a contractile to a migratory-proliferative phenotype(s), which requires changes in gene expression. These processes are directed, in part, by Ca2+ signals, but how different Ca2+ signals are generated to select each function is enigmatic. We have previously proposed that the strategic positioning of Ca2+ pumps and release channels at membrane-membrane junctions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) demarcates cytoplasmic nanodomains, within which site- and function-specific Ca2+ signals arise. This chapter will describe how nanojunctions of the SR may: (1) define cytoplasmic nanospaces about the plasma membrane, mitochondria, contractile myofilaments, lysosomes, and the nucleus; (2) provide for functional segregation by restricting passive diffusion and by coordinating active ion transfer within a given nanospace via resident Ca2+ pumps and release channels; (3) select for contraction, relaxation, and/or changes in gene expression; and (4) facilitate the switch in myocyte phenotype through junctional reorganization. This should serve to highlight the need for further exploration of cellular nanojunctions and the mechanisms by which they operate, that will undoubtedly open up new therapeutic horizons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Evans
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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From contraction to gene expression: nanojunctions of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum deliver site- and function-specific calcium signals. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:749-63. [PMID: 27376531 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signals determine, for example, smooth muscle contraction and changes in gene expression. How calcium signals select for these processes is enigmatic. We build on the "panjunctional sarcoplasmic reticulum" hypothesis, describing our view that different calcium pumps and release channels, with different kinetics and affinities for calcium, are strategically positioned within nanojunctions of the SR and help demarcate their respective cytoplasmic nanodomains. SERCA2b and RyR1 are preferentially targeted to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) proximal to the plasma membrane (PM), i.e., to the superficial buffer barrier formed by PM-SR nanojunctions, and support vasodilation. In marked contrast, SERCA2a may be entirely restricted to the deep, perinuclear SR and may supply calcium to this sub-compartment in support of vasoconstriction. RyR3 is also preferentially targeted to the perinuclear SR, where its clusters associate with lysosome-SR nanojunctions. The distribution of RyR2 is more widespread and extends from this region to the wider cell. Therefore, perinuclear RyR3s most likely support the initiation of global calcium waves at L-SR junctions, which subsequently propagate by calcium-induced calcium release via RyR2 in order to elicit contraction. Data also suggest that unique SERCA and RyR are preferentially targeted to invaginations of the nuclear membrane. Site- and function-specific calcium signals may thus arise to modulate stimulus-response coupling and transcriptional cascades.
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50
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Vascular hypothesis revisited: Role of stimulating antibodies against angiotensin and endothelin receptors in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:690-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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