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Yubolphan R, Pratchayasakul W, Koonrungsesomboon N, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Potential links between platelets and amyloid-β in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Exp Neurol 2024; 374:114683. [PMID: 38211684 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a prevalent comorbidity among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), present in up to 80% of cases with varying levels of severity. There is evidence to suggest that CAA might intensify cognitive deterioration in AD patients, thereby accelerating the development of AD pathology. As a source of amyloids, it has been postulated that platelets play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both AD and CAA. Although several studies have demonstrated that platelet activation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD and CAA, a clear understanding of the mechanisms involved in the three steps: platelet activation, platelet adhesion, and platelet aggregation in AD pathogenesis still remains elusive. Moreover, potential therapeutic targets in platelet-mediated AD pathogenesis have not been explicitly addressed. Therefore, the aim of this review is to collate and discuss the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence related to platelet dysfunction, including associated activation, adhesion, and aggregation, with specific reference to amyloid-related AD pathogenesis. Potential therapeutic targets of platelet-mediated AD pathogenesis are also discussed. By enriching the understanding of the intricate relationship between platelet dysfunction and onset of AD, researchers may unveil new therapeutic targets or strategies to tackle this devastating neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruedeemars Yubolphan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nut Koonrungsesomboon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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2
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Del Moral LE, Lerma C, González-Pacheco H, Chávez-Lázaro AC, Massó F, Rodriguez E. Correlation of Plasmatic Amyloid Beta Peptides (Aβ-40, Aβ-42) with Myocardial Injury and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1117. [PMID: 38398429 PMCID: PMC10889335 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Amyloid beta (β) -40 levels increase with age and inflammation states and appear to be associated with clinical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We investigated the correlation of Aβ peptides with myocardial injury and inflammation biomarkers in patients with or without ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, NSTEMI). Methods: This singe-center, cross-sectional, observational, and correlation study included 65 patients with ACS (n = 34 STEMI, 29 males, age = 58 ± 12 years; n = 31 NSTEMI, 22 males, age = 60 ± 12 years) who were enrolled in the coronary care unit within 12 h after symptom onset from February 2022 to May 2023. Aβ peptide levels and biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: NSTEMI patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.039), diabetes (p = 0.043), smoking (p = 0.003), and prior myocardial infarction (p = 0.010) compared to STEMI patients. We observed a higher level of Aβ-42 in NSTEMI (p = 0.001) but no difference in Aβ-40 levels. We also found a correlation between age and NT-proBNP with both Aβ peptides (Aβ-40, Aβ-42) (p = 0.001, p = 0.002 respectively). Conclusions: Our results show that patients with NSTEMI had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and prior myocardial infarction). Considering these results, we propose that Aβ-42 can add value to risk stratification in NSTEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Del Moral
- Translacional Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.E.D.M.); (A.C.C.-L.); (F.M.)
| | - Claudia Lerma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Héctor González-Pacheco
- Coronary Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Alan Cristhian Chávez-Lázaro
- Translacional Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.E.D.M.); (A.C.C.-L.); (F.M.)
| | - Felipe Massó
- Translacional Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.E.D.M.); (A.C.C.-L.); (F.M.)
| | - Emma Rodriguez
- Translacional Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.E.D.M.); (A.C.C.-L.); (F.M.)
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3
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Yeh S, Yeh T, Wang Y, Chao C, Tzeng S, Tang T, Hsieh J, Kan Y, Yang W, Hsieh S. Nerve pathology of microangiopathy and thromboinflammation in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:30-44. [PMID: 37902278 PMCID: PMC10791016 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite amyloid deposition as a hallmark of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) with polyneuropathy, this pathology could not completely account for nerve degeneration. ATTRv patients frequently have vasomotor symptoms, but microangiopathy hypothesis in ATTRv was not systemically clarified. METHODS This study examined the vascular pathology of sural nerves in ATTRv patients with transthyretin (TTR) mutation of p.Ala117Ser (TTR-A97S), focusing on morphometry and patterns of molecular expression in relation to nerve degeneration. We further applied human microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC-1) culture to examine the direct effect of TTR-A97S protein on endothelial cells. RESULTS In ATTRv nerves, there was characteristic microangiopathy compared to controls: increased vessel wall thickness and decreased luminal area; both were correlated with the reduction of myelinated fiber density. Among the components of vascular wall, the area of collagen IV in ATTRv nerves was larger than that of controls. This finding was validated in a cell model of HMEC-1 culture in which the expression of collagen IV was upregulated after exposure to TTR-A97S. Apoptosis contributed to the endothelial cell degeneration of microvasculatures in ATTRv endoneurium. ATTRv showed prothrombotic status with intravascular fibrin deposition, which was correlated with (1) increased tissue factor and coagulation factor XIIIA and (2) reduced tissue plasminogen activator. This cascade led to intravascular thrombin deposition, which was colocalized with upregulated p-selectin and thrombomodulin, accompanied by complement deposition and macrophages infiltration, indicating thromboinflammation in ATTRv. INTERPRETATION Microangiopathy with thromboinflammation is characteristic of advanced-stage ATTRv nerves, which provides an add-on mechanism and therapeutic target for nerve degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin‐Joe Yeh
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ti‐Yen Yeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Shiang Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chi‐Chao Chao
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Shiou‐Ru Tzeng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tsz‐Yi Tang
- Department of UrologyKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of UrologyKaohsiung Municipal Siaogang HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jung‐Hsien Hsieh
- Department of SurgeryNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Yu Kan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of MedicineCollege of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Kang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Sung‐Tsang Hsieh
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Center of Precision MedicineNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
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4
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Chowdhury S, Sarkar N. Exploring the potential of amyloids in biomedical applications: A review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:26-38. [PMID: 37822225 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid is defined as a fibrous quaternary structure formed by assembling protein or peptide monomers into intermolecularly hydrogen linked β-sheets. There is a prevalent issue with protein aggregation and the buildup of amyloid molecules, which results in human neurological illnesses including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. But it is now evident that many organisms, like bacteria, fungi as well as humans, use the same fibrillar structure to carry out a variety of biological functions, such as structure and protection supporting interface transitions and cell-cell recognition, protein control and storage, epigenetic inheritance, and memory. Recent discoveries of self-assembling amyloidogenic peptides and proteins, based on the amyloid core structure, give rise to interesting biomaterials with potential uses in numerous industries. These functions dramatically diverge from the initial conception of amyloid fibrils as intrinsically diseased entities. Apart from the natural ability of amyloids to spontaneously arrange themselves and their exceptional material characteristics, this aspect has prompted extensive research into engineering artificial amyloids for generating various nanostructures, molecular substances, and combined materials. Here, we discuss significant developments in the artificial design of useful amyloids as well as how amyloid materials serve as examples of how function emerges from protein self-assembly at various length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Chowdhury
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Nandini Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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5
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Relationship between the Responsiveness of Amyloid β Protein to Platelet Activation by TRAP Stimulation and Brain Atrophy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214100. [PMID: 36430576 PMCID: PMC9697742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 DM is a risk factor for dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is associated with brain atrophy. Amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition in the brain parenchyma is implicated in the neurodegeneration that occurs in AD. Platelets, known as abundant storage of Aβ, are recognized to play important roles in the onset and progression of AD. We recently showed that Aβ negatively regulates platelet activation induced by thrombin receptor-activating protein (TRAP) in healthy people. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Aβ on the TRAP-stimulated platelet activation in DM patients, and the relationship between the individual responsiveness to Aβ and quantitative findings of MRI, the volume of white matter hyperintensity (WMH)/intracranial volume (IC) and the volume of parenchyma (PAR)/IC. In some DM patients, Aβ reduced platelet aggregation induced by TRAP, while in others it was unchanged or rather enhanced. The TRAP-induced levels of phosphorylated-Akt and phosphorylated-HSP27, the levels of PDGF-AB and the released phosphorylated-HSP27 correlated with the degree of platelet aggregability. The individual levels of not WMH/IC but PAR/IC was correlated with those of TRAP-stimulated PDGF-AB release. Collectively, our results suggest that the reactivity of TRAP-stimulated platelet activation to Aβ differs in DM patients from healthy people. The anti-suppressive feature of platelet activation to Aβ might be protective for brain atrophy in DM patients.
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6
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Platelets’ Nanomechanics and Morphology in Neurodegenerative Pathologies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092239. [PMID: 36140340 PMCID: PMC9496241 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The imaging and force–distance curve modes of atomic force microscopy (AFM) are explored to compare the morphological and mechanical signatures of platelets from patients diagnosed with classical neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and healthy individuals. Our data demonstrate the potential of AFM to distinguish between the three NDDs—Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and normal healthy platelets. The common features of platelets in the three pathologies are reduced membrane surface roughness, area and height, and enhanced nanomechanics in comparison with healthy cells. These changes might be related to general phenomena associated with reorganization in the platelet membrane morphology and cytoskeleton, a key factor for all platelets’ functions. Importantly, the platelets’ signatures are modified to a different extent in the three pathologies, most significant in ALS, less pronounced in PD and the least in AD platelets, which shows the specificity associated with each pathology. Moreover, different degree of activation, distinct pseudopodia and nanocluster formation characterize ALS, PD and AD platelets. The strongest alterations in the biophysical properties correlate with the highest activation of ALS platelets, which reflect the most significant changes in their nanoarchitecture. The specific platelet signatures that mark each of the studied pathologies can be added as novel biomarkers to the currently used diagnostic tools.
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Li TR, Liu FQ. β-Amyloid promotes platelet activation and activated platelets act as bridge between risk factors and Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 207:111725. [PMID: 35995275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an evolving challenge that places an enormous burden on families and society. The presence of obvious brain β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition is a premise to diagnose AD, which induces the subsequent tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration. Platelets are the primary source of circulating amyloid precursor protein (APP). Upon activation, they can secrete significant amounts of Aβ into the blood, which can be actively transported to the brain across the blood-brain barrier and promote amyloid deposition. In this review, we summarized the changes in the platelet APP metabolic pathway in patients with AD and further comprehensively explored the targets and downstream events of Aβ-activated platelets. In addition, we attempted to clarify whether patients with AD are in a state of general platelet activation, with inconsistent results. Considering the increasingly evident bidirectional relationship between AD and vascular events, we speculate that the AD pathology alone seems to be insufficient to induce the general activation of platelets; however, the intervention of third-party factors, such as atherosclerosis, exposes the extracellular matrix and leads to platelet activation, further promoting AD progression. Therefore, we proposed a framework in which the relationship between platelets and AD is indirect and mediated by vascular factors. Therapies targeting platelets and interventions for vascular risk factors are likely to contribute to the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Ran Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Feng-Qi Liu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Gorudko IV, Grigorieva DV, Shamova EV, Gorbunov NP, Kokhan AU, Kostevich VA, Vasilyev VB, Panasenko OM, Khinevich NV, Bandarenka HV, Burko AA, Sokolov AV. Structure-biological activity relationships of myeloperoxidase to effect on platelet activation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 728:109353. [PMID: 35853481 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an oxidant-producing enzyme of neutrophils, has been shown to prime platelet activity promoting immunothrombosis. Native MPO is a homodimer, consisting of two identical protomers (monomer) connected by a single disulfide bond. But in inflammatory foci, MPO can be found both in the form of a monomer and in the form of a dimer. Beside MPO can also be in complexes with other molecules and be modified by oxidants, which ultimately affect its physicochemical properties and functions. Here we compared the effects of various forms of MPO as well as MPO in complex with ceruloplasmin (CP), a physiological inhibitor of MPO, on the platelet activity. Monomeric MPO (hemi-MPO) was obtained by treating the dimeric MPO by reductive alkylation. MPO was modified with HOCl in a molar ratio of 1:100 (MPO-HOCl). Using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy we showed that peaks at about 510 and 526 cm-1 corresponded to disulfide bond was recognizable in the SERS-spectra of dimeric MPO, absent in the spectrum of hemi-MPO and less intense in the spectra of MPO-HOCl, which indicates the partial decomposition of dimeric MPO with a disulfide bond cleavage under the HOCl modification. It was shown hemi-MPO to a lesser extent than dimeric MPO bound to platelets and enhanced their agonist-induced aggregation and platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation. MPO modified by HOCl and MPO in complex with CP did not bind to platelets and have no effect on platelet activity. Thus, the modification of MPO by HOCl, its presence in monomeric form as well as in complex with CP reduces MPO effect on platelet function and consequently decreases the risk of thrombosis in inflammatory foci.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Gorudko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus.
| | - D V Grigorieva
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - E V Shamova
- Institute of Biophysics and Сell Engineering of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 27 Academicheskaya Str., Minsk, 220072, Belarus
| | - N P Gorbunov
- FSBRI "Institute of Experimental Medicine", 12 Acad. Pavlov Str., St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - A U Kokhan
- Institute of Biophysics and Сell Engineering of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 27 Academicheskaya Str., Minsk, 220072, Belarus
| | - V A Kostevich
- FSBRI "Institute of Experimental Medicine", 12 Acad. Pavlov Str., St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - V B Vasilyev
- FSBRI "Institute of Experimental Medicine", 12 Acad. Pavlov Str., St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - O M Panasenko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119435, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - N V Khinevich
- Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovka Str., Minsk, 220013, Belarus; Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Donelaičio g. 73, Kaunas, 44249, Lithuania
| | - H V Bandarenka
- Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovka Str., Minsk, 220013, Belarus; Polytechnic School, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Polytechnicm, 7001 East Williams Field Road, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - A A Burko
- Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovka Str., Minsk, 220013, Belarus; Polytechnic School, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Polytechnicm, 7001 East Williams Field Road, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - A V Sokolov
- FSBRI "Institute of Experimental Medicine", 12 Acad. Pavlov Str., St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119435, Russia
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Platelet-Derived Drug Targets and Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke-The First Dynamic Human LC-MS Proteomic Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051198. [PMID: 35268287 PMCID: PMC8911047 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: The aim of this dynamic LC-MS (liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry) human platelet proteomic study was to identify the potential proteins candidates for biomarkers of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), their changes during the acute phase of stroke and to define potential novel drug targets. (2) Methods: A total of 32 patients (18–80 years old) were investigated that presented symptoms of AIS lasting less than 24 h from the onset, confirmed by neurological examination and/or new cerebral ischemia visualized in the CT (computed-tomography) scans. The analysis of platelet proteome was performed using LC-MS at baseline, and then on the third and seventh day from the onset of symptoms. The control group was demographically matched without any clinical signs of acute brain injury. (3) Results: The differences between platelets, at 24 h after first symptoms of stroke subjects and the control group included: β-amyloid A4 and amyloid-like protein 2, coactosin-like protein, thymidine phosphorylase 4 (TYMP-4), interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), vitamin K-dependent protein S, histone proteins (H2A type 1 and 1-A, H2A types 2B and J, H2Av, -z, and -x), and platelet basic protein. The dynamic changes in the platelet protein concentration involved thrombospondin-1, thrombospondin-2, filamin A, B, and C. (4) Conclusions: This is the first human dynamic LC-MS proteomic study that differentiates platelet proteome in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in time series and compares the results with healthy controls. Identified proteins may be considered as future markers of ischemic stroke or therapeutic drug targets. Thymidine phosphorylase 4 (TYMP-4) holds promise as an interesting drug target in the management or prevention of ischemic stroke.
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Mizutani D, Tokuda H, Onuma T, Uematsu K, Nakashima D, Ueda K, Doi T, Enomoto Y, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Ogura S, Iida H, Kozawa O, Iwama T. Amyloid β protein negatively regulates human platelet activation induced by thrombin receptor-activating protein. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 86:185-198. [PMID: 34849571 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β protein deposition in cerebral vessels, a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, is a risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage. Amyloid β protein directly modulates human platelet function; however, the exact mechanism of action is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of amyloid β protein on human platelet activation using an aggregometer with laser scattering. Amyloid β protein decreased platelet aggregation induced by thrombin receptor-activating protein, but not by collagen and ADP. Amyloid β protein also suppressed platelet aggregation induced by SCP0237 and A3227. Platelet-derived growth factor-AB secretion and phosphorylated-heat shock protein 27 release by thrombin receptor-activating protein were inhibited by amyloid β protein. Additionally, thrombin receptor-activating protein-induced phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAP kinase was reduced by amyloid β protein. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that amyloid β protein negatively regulates protease-activated receptor-elicited human platelet activation. These findings may indicate a cause of intracerebral hemorrhage due to amyloid β protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Mizutani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Clinical Labolatory/Medical Genome Center Biobank, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takashi Onuma
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kodai Uematsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Daiki Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kyohei Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Doi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukiko Enomoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Ogura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toru Iwama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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11
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Ferrer-Raventós P, Beyer K. Alternative platelet activation pathways and their role in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 159:105512. [PMID: 34537329 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW The study of platelets in the context of neurodegenerative diseases is intensifying, and increasing evidence suggests that platelets may play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of platelets and their diverse activation pathways in the development of these diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Platelets participate in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, and platelets activated by exercise promote neuronal differentiation in several brain regions. Platelets also contribute to the immune response by modulating their surface protein profile and releasing pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. In Alzheimer's disease, increased levels of platelet amyloid precursor protein raise the production of amyloid-beta peptides promoting platelet activation, triggering at the same time amyloid-beta fibrillation. In Parkinson's disease, increased platelet α-synuclein is associated with elevated ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. SUMMARY In this review, we revise different platelet activation pathways, those classically involved in hemostasis and wound healing, and alternative activation pathways recently described in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, especially in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ferrer-Raventós
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Katrin Beyer
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Diteepeng T, Del Monte F, Luciani M. The long and winding road to target protein misfolding in cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13504. [PMID: 33527342 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have remained the first leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Although several therapeutic approaches have been introduced in the past, the development of novel treatments remains an important research goal, which is hampered by the lack of understanding of key mechanisms and targets. Emerging evidences in recent years indicate the involvement of misfolded proteins aggregation and the derailment of protein quality control in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Several potential interventions targeting protein quality control have been translated from the bench to the bedside to effectively employ the misfolded proteins as promising therapeutic targets for cardiac diseases, but with trivial results. DESIGN In this review, we describe the recent progresses in preclinical and clinical studies of protein misfolding and compromised protein quality control by selecting and reporting studies focusing on cardiovascular diseases including cardiomyopathies, cardiac amyloidosis, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation and thrombosis. RESULTS In preclinical models, modulators of several molecular targets (eg heat shock proteins, unfolded protein response, ubiquitin protein system, autophagy and histone deacetylases) have been tested in various conditions with promising results although lacking an adequate transition towards clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS At present, no therapeutic strategies have been reported to attenuate proteotoxicity in patients with CVD due to a lack of specific biomarkers for pinpointing upstream events in protein folding defects at a subclinical stage of the diseases requiring an intensive collaboration between basic scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamonwan Diteepeng
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Federica Del Monte
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna Alma Mater, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Luciani
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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13
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Stakos DA, Stamatelopoulos K, Bampatsias D, Sachse M, Zormpas E, Vlachogiannis NI, Tual-Chalot S, Stellos K. The Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid-Beta Hypothesis in Cardiovascular Aging and Disease: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:952-967. [PMID: 32130931 PMCID: PMC7042886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related cellular and molecular processes including low-grade inflammation are major players in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Epidemiological studies report an independent interaction between the development of dementia and the incidence of CVD in several populations, suggesting the presence of overlapping molecular mechanisms. Accumulating experimental and clinical evidence suggests that amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides may function as a link among aging, CVD, and AD. Aging-related vascular and cardiac deposition of Αβ induces tissue inflammation and organ dysfunction, both important components of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid hypothesis. In this review, the authors describe the determinants of Aβ metabolism, summarize the effects of Aβ on atherothrombosis and cardiac dysfunction, discuss the clinical value of Αβ1-40 in CVD prognosis and patient risk stratification, and present the therapeutic interventions that may alter Aβ metabolism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios A Stakos
- Cardiology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece; Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios Bampatsias
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Marco Sachse
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eleftherios Zormpas
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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14
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Pielsticker C, Brodde MF, Raum L, Jurk K, Kehrel BE. Plasmin-Induced Activation of Human Platelets Is Modulated by Thrombospondin-1, Bona Fide Misfolded Proteins and Thiol Isomerases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228851. [PMID: 33238433 PMCID: PMC7700677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are triggered by the fibrinolytic enzyme plasmin. Tissue-type plasminogen activator, which cleaves plasminogen to plasmin, can be activated by the cross-β-structure of misfolded proteins. Misfolded protein aggregates also represent substrates for plasmin, promoting their degradation, and are potent platelet agonists. However, the regulation of plasmin-mediated platelet activation by misfolded proteins and vice versa is incompletely understood. In this study, we hypothesize that plasmin acts as potent agonist of human platelets in vitro after short-term incubation at room temperature, and that the response to thrombospondin-1 and the bona fide misfolded proteins Eap and SCN--denatured IgG interfere with plasmin, thereby modulating platelet activation. Plasmin dose-dependently induced CD62P surface expression on, and binding of fibrinogen to, human platelets in the absence/presence of plasma and in citrated whole blood, as analyzed by flow cytometry. Thrombospondin-1 pre-incubated with plasmin enhanced these plasmin-induced platelet responses at low concentration and diminished them at higher dose. Platelet fibrinogen binding was dose-dependently induced by the C-terminal thrombospondin-1 peptide RFYVVMWK, Eap or NaSCN-treated IgG, but diminished in the presence of plasmin. Blocking enzymatically catalyzed thiol-isomerization decreased plasmin-induced platelet responses, suggesting that plasmin activates platelets in a thiol-dependent manner. Thrombospondin-1, depending on the concentration, may act as cofactor or inhibitor of plasmin-induced platelet activation, and plasmin blocks platelet activation induced by misfolded proteins and vice versa, which might be of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pielsticker
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.P.); (L.R.)
| | | | - Lisa Raum
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.P.); (L.R.)
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (B.E.K.); Tel.: +49-6131178278 (K.J.); +49-2518356725 (B.E.K.)
| | - Beate E. Kehrel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.P.); (L.R.)
- OxProtect GmbH, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (B.E.K.); Tel.: +49-6131178278 (K.J.); +49-2518356725 (B.E.K.)
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15
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Beyond Haemostasis and Thrombosis: Platelets in Depression and Its Co-Morbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228817. [PMID: 33233416 PMCID: PMC7700239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alongside their function in primary haemostasis and thrombo-inflammation, platelets are increasingly considered a bridge between mental, immunological and coagulation-related disorders. This review focuses on the link between platelets and the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its most frequent comorbidities. Platelet- and neuron-shared proteins involved in MDD are functionally described. Platelet-related studies performed in the context of MDD, cardiovascular disease, and major neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders are transversally presented from an epidemiological, genetic and functional point of view. To provide a complete scenario, we report the analysis of original data on the epidemiological link between platelets and depression symptoms suggesting moderating and interactive effects of sex on this association. Epidemiological and genetic studies discussed suggest that blood platelets might also be relevant biomarkers of MDD prediction and occurrence in the context of MDD comorbidities. Finally, this review has the ambition to formulate some directives and perspectives for future research on this topic.
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16
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K. Poddar M, Banerjee S. Molecular Aspects of Pathophysiology of Platelet Receptors. Platelets 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Receptor is a dynamic instrumental surface protein that helps to interact with specific molecules to respond accordingly. Platelet is the smallest in size among the blood components, but it plays many pivotal roles to maintain hemostasis involving its surface receptors. It (platelet) has cell adhesion receptors (e.g., integrins and glycoproteins), leucine-rich repeats receptors (e.g., TLRs, glycoprotein complex, and MMPs), selectins (e.g., CLEC, P-selectin, and CD), tetraspanins (e.g., CD and LAMP), transmembrane receptors (e.g., purinergic—P2Y and P2X1), prostaglandin receptors (e.g., TxA2, PGH2, and PGI2), immunoglobulin superfamily receptors (e.g., FcRγ and FcεR), etc. on its surface. The platelet receptors (e.g., glycoproteins, protease-activated receptors, and GPCRs) during platelet activation are over expressed and their granule contents are secreted (including neurotransmitters, cytokines, and chemokines) into circulation, which are found to be correlated with different physiological conditions. Interestingly, platelets promote metastasis through circulation protecting from cytolysis and endogenous immune surveillance involving several platelets receptors. The updated knowledge about different types of platelet receptors in all probable aspects, including their inter- and intra-signaling mechanisms, are discussed with respect to not only its (platelets) receptor type but also under different pathophysiological conditions.
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17
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Visconte C, Canino J, Vismara M, Guidetti GF, Raimondi S, Pula G, Torti M, Canobbio I. Fibrillar amyloid peptides promote platelet aggregation through the coordinated action of ITAM- and ROS-dependent pathways. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:3029-3042. [PMID: 32790050 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid peptides Aβ40 and Aβ42, whose deposition in brain correlates with Alzheimer disease, are also present in platelets and have prothrombotic activities. OBJECTIVE In this study, we analyze the ability of Aβ peptides to form fibrils and to induce platelet activation and aggregation. METHODS Aβ40, Aβ42, and their scrambled peptides were diluted in phosphate buffered saline and fibrillogenesis was investigated by ThioflavinT and Congo Red. Aggregation, protein phosphorylation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were analyzed. RESULTS Aβ40 and Aβ42, but not scrambled peptides, were able to form fibrils when diluted in phosphate buffered saline. Fibrillogenesis of Aβ42 was very rapid, whereas fibril formation by Aβ40 was completed only after 48 hours of incubation. Fibrillar Aβ40 and Aβ42 promoted dose-dependent aggregation of washed platelets in the presence of extracellular CaCl2 . Cleavage of GPIbα by mocarhagin or blockade of the ITAM-containing FcγRIIA prevented platelet aggregation induced by fibrillary Aβ40 and Aβ42. Fibrillar Aβ peptides stimulated the phosphorylation of FcγRIIA, resulting in the downstream stimulation of PLC, protein kinase C, and phosphoinositide 3-kinases, whose activity was necessary for full aggregation of platelets. Fibrillar Aβ peptides also induced ROS generation, and NOX inhibitors, as well as ROS scavengers, prevented platelet aggregation. However, Aβ peptide-induced ROS production did not require binding to GPIbα or activation of FcγRIIA, but was initiated by CD36, which provided an important contribution to full platelet aggregation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that fibrillar amyloid Aβ40 and Aβ42 induce platelet aggregation through the recruitment of GPIb-IX-V and CD36, which requires the convergence of ITAM- and ROS-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Visconte
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jessica Canino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Scuola Universitaria Superiore, IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Vismara
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Sara Raimondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Torti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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18
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Ortillon J, Hézard N, Belmokhtar K, Kawecki C, Terryn C, Fritz G, Kauskot A, Schmidt AM, Rieu P, Nguyen P, Maurice P, Touré F. Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products is Involved in Platelet Hyperactivation and Arterial Thrombosis during Chronic Kidney Disease. Thromb Haemost 2020; 120:1300-1312. [PMID: 32726852 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high cardiovascular mortality due to increased rates of vascular lesions and thrombotic events, as well as serum accumulation of uremic toxins. A subgroup of these toxins (advanced glycation end products [AGEs] and S100 proteins) can interact with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). In this study, we analyzed the impact of CKD on platelet function and arterial thrombosis, and the potential role of RAGE in this process. METHODS Twelve weeks after induction of CKD in mice, platelet function and time to complete carotid artery occlusion were analyzed in four groups of animals (sham-operated, CKD, apolipoprotein E [Apoe]-/-, and Apoe-/-/Ager-/- mice). RESULTS Analysis of platelet function from whole blood and platelet-rich plasma showed hyperactivation of platelets only in CKD Apoe-/- mice. There was no difference when experiments were done on washed platelets. However, preincubation of such platelets with AGEs or S100 proteins induced RAGE-mediated platelet hyperactivation. In vivo, CKD significantly reduced carotid occlusion times of Apoe-/- mice (9.2 ± 1.1 vs. 11.1 ± 0.6 minutes for sham, p < 0.01). In contrast, CKD had no effect on occlusion times in Apoe-/-/Ager-/- mice. Moreover, carotid occlusion in Apoe-/- CKD mice occurred significantly faster than in Apoe-/-/Ager-/- CKD mice (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results show that CKD induces platelet hyperactivation, accelerates thrombus formation in a murine model of arterial thrombosis, and that RAGE deletion has a protective role. We propose that RAGE ligands binding to RAGE is involved in CKD-induced arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Ortillon
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling," Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Hézard
- Hémostase et Remodelage Vasculaire Post-Ischémique, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine & CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
| | - Karim Belmokhtar
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling," Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Charlotte Kawecki
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling," Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Christine Terryn
- PICT Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Guenter Fritz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Neurozentrum, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandre Kauskot
- HITh, UMR_S 1176, INSERM Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Philippe Rieu
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling," Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,Division of Nephrology, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Philippe Nguyen
- Hémostase et Remodelage Vasculaire Post-Ischémique, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine & CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
| | - Pascal Maurice
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling," Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Fatouma Touré
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling," Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,Division of Nephrology, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
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19
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Döhrmann M, Makhoul S, Gross K, Krause M, Pillitteri D, von Auer C, Walter U, Lutz J, Volf I, Kehrel BE, Jurk K. CD36-fibrin interaction propagates FXI-dependent thrombin generation of human platelets. FASEB J 2020; 34:9337-9357. [PMID: 32463151 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903189r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates blood and vascular cells in thrombo-inflammatory diseases. Platelets are amplifiers of thrombin formation when activated by leukocyte- and vascular cell-derived thrombin. CD36 on platelets acts as sensitizer for molecules with damage-associated molecular patterns, thereby increasing platelet reactivity. Here, we investigated the role of CD36 in thrombin-generation on human platelets, including selected patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Platelets deficient in CD36 or blocked by anti-CD36 antibody FA6.152 showed impaired thrombin generation triggered by thrombin in calibrated automated thrombography. Using platelets with congenital function defects, blocking antibodies, pharmacological inhibitors, and factor-depleted plasma, CD36-sensitive thrombin generation was dependent on FXI, fibrin, and platelet signaling via GPIbα and SFKs. CD36-deficiency or blocking suppressed thrombin-induced platelet αIIbβ3 activation, granule exocytosis, binding of adhesion proteins and FV, FVIII, FIX, FX, but not anionic phospholipid exposure determined by flow cytometry. CD36 ligated specifically soluble fibrin, which recruited distinct coagulation factors via thiols. Selected patients with CKD showed elevated soluble fibrin plasma levels and enhanced thrombin-induced thrombin generation, which was normalized by CD36 blocking. Thus, CD36 is an important amplifier of platelet-dependent thrombin generation when exposure of anionic phospholipids is limited. This pathway might contribute to hypercoagulability in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Döhrmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephanie Makhoul
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kathrin Gross
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuela Krause
- Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik HELIOS Klinik, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | - Charis von Auer
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Walter
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Lutz
- Section of Nephrology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Medical Clinic, Section of Nephrology and Infectious Diseases, Gemeinschaftsklinikum Mittelrhein, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Ivo Volf
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beate E Kehrel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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20
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Leiter O, Walker TL. Platelets in Neurodegenerative Conditions-Friend or Foe? Front Immunol 2020; 11:747. [PMID: 32431701 PMCID: PMC7214916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now apparent that platelet function is more diverse than originally thought, shifting the view of platelets from blood cells involved in hemostasis and wound healing to major contributors to numerous regulatory processes across different tissues. Given their intriguing ability to store, produce and release distinct subsets of bioactive molecules, including intercellular signaling molecules and neurotransmitters, platelets may play an important role in orchestrating healthy brain function. Conversely, a number of neurodegenerative conditions have recently been associated with platelet dysfunction, further highlighting the tissue-independent role of these cells. In this review we summarize the requirements for platelet-neural cell communication with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss the therapeutic potential of healthy platelets and the proteins which they release to counteract these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odette Leiter
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tara L Walker
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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21
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Abstract
When protein/peptides aggregate, they usually form the amyloid state consisting of cross β-sheet structure built by repetitively stacked β-strands forming long fibrils. Amyloids are usually associated with disease including Alzheimer's. However, amyloid has many useful features. It efficiently transforms protein from the soluble to the insoluble state in an essentially two-state process, while its repetitive structure provides high stability and a robust prion-like replication mechanism. Accordingly, amyloid is used by nature in multifaceted and ingenious ways of life, ranging from bacteria and fungi to mammals. These include (1) Structure: Templating for small chemical molecules (Pmel17), biofilm formation in bacteria (curli), assisting aerial hyphae formation in streptomycetes (chaplins) or monolayer formation at a surface (hydrophobins). (2) Reservoirs: A storage state for peptide/proteins to protect them from their surroundings or vice versa (storage of peptide hormones in mammalian secretory granules or major basic protein in eosinophils). (3) Information carriers: The fungal immune system (HET-s prion in Podospora anserina, yeast prions) or long-term memory (e.g., mnemons in yeast, cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein in aplysia). Aggregation is also used to (4) "suppress" the function of the soluble protein (e.g., Cdc19 in yeast stress granules), or (5) "signaling" through formation of oligomers (e.g., HET-s prion, necroptosis-related proteins RIP1/RIP3). This review summarizes current knowledge on functional amyloids with a focus on the amyloid systems curli in bacteria, HET-s prion in P. anserina, and peptide hormone storage in mammals together with an attempt to highlight differences between functional and disease-associated amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Otzen
- iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Roland Riek
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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22
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Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Gonzalez-Billault C, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. Decoding the Role of Platelets and Related MicroRNAs in Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:151. [PMID: 31312134 PMCID: PMC6614495 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells that circulate in blood and are essential components of the hemostatic system. During aging, platelet numbers decrease and their aggregation capacity is reduced. Platelet dysfunctions associated with aging can be linked to molecular alterations affecting several cellular systems that include cytoskeleton rearrangements, signal transduction, vesicular trafficking, and protein degradation. Age platelets may adopt a phenotype characterized by robust secretion of extracellular vesicles that could in turn account for about 70-90% of blood circulating vesicles. Interestingly these extracellular vesicles are loaded with messenger RNAs and microRNAs that may have a profound impact on protein physiology at the systems level. Age platelet dysfunction is also associated with accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Thereby understanding the mechanisms of aging in platelets as well as their age-dependent dysfunctions may be of interest when evaluating the contribution of aging to the onset of age-dependent pathologies, such as those affecting the nervous system. In this review we summarize the findings that link platelet dysfunctions to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Huntington's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. We discuss the role of platelets as drivers of protein dysfunctions observed in these pathologies, their association with aging and the potential clinical significance of platelets, and related miRNAs, as peripheral biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine-LMM, Center for Education, Healthcare and Investigation-CADI, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism GERO, Santiago, Chile
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Ivan Palomo
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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23
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Amyloid Peptide β1-42 Induces Integrin αIIb β3 Activation, Platelet Adhesion, and Thrombus Formation in a NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Manner. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1050476. [PMID: 31007831 PMCID: PMC6441506 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1050476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The progression of Alzheimer's dementia is associated with neurovasculature impairment, which includes inflammation, microthromboses, and reduced cerebral blood flow. Here, we investigate the effects of β amyloid peptides on the function of platelets, the cells driving haemostasis. Amyloid peptide β1-42 (Aβ1-42), Aβ1-40, and Aβ25-35 were tested in static adhesion experiments, and it was found that platelets preferentially adhere to Aβ1-42 compared to other Aβ peptides. In addition, significant platelet spreading was observed over Aβ1-42, while Aβ1-40, Aβ25-35, and the scAβ1-42 control did not seem to induce any platelet spreading, which suggested that only Aβ1-42 activates platelet signalling in our experimental conditions. Aβ1-42 also induced significant platelet adhesion and thrombus formation in whole blood under venous flow condition, while other Aβ peptides did not. The molecular mechanism of Aβ1-42 was investigated by flow cytometry, which revealed that this peptide induces a significant activation of integrin αIIbβ3, but does not induce platelet degranulation (as measured by P-selectin membrane translocation). Finally, Aβ1-42 treatment of human platelets led to detectable levels of protein kinase C (PKC) activation and tyrosine phosphorylation, which are hallmarks of platelet signalling. Interestingly, the NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor VAS2870 completely abolished Aβ1-42-dependent platelet adhesion in static conditions, thrombus formation in physiological flow conditions, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and tyrosine- and PKC-dependent platelet signalling. In summary, this study highlights the importance of NOXs in the activation of platelets in response to amyloid peptide β1-42. The molecular mechanisms described in this manuscript may play an important role in the neurovascular impairment observed in Alzheimer's patients.
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24
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Vara D, Cifuentes-Pagano E, Pagano PJ, Pula G. A novel combinatorial technique for simultaneous quantification of oxygen radicals and aggregation reveals unexpected redox patterns in the activation of platelets by different physiopathological stimuli. Haematologica 2019; 104:1879-1891. [PMID: 30679320 PMCID: PMC6717585 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.208819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of platelets by oxidants is critical for vascular health and may explain thrombotic complications in diseases such as diabetes and dementia, but remains poorly understood. Here, we describe a novel technique combining electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and turbidimetry, which has been utilized to monitor simultaneously platelet activation and oxygen radical generation. This technique has been used to investigate the redox-dependence of human and mouse platelets. Using selective peptide inhibitors of NADPH oxidases (NOXs) on human platelets and genetically modified mouse platelets (NOX1−/− or NOX2−/−), we discovered that: 1) intracellular but not extracellular superoxide anion generated by NOX is critical for platelet activation by collagen; 2) superoxide dismutation to hydrogen peroxide is required for thrombin-dependent activation; 3) NOX1 is the main source of oxygen radicals in response to collagen, while NOX2 is critical for activation by thrombin; 4) two platelet modulators, namely oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and amyloid peptide β (Aβ), require activation of both NOX1 and NOX2 to pre-activate platelets. This study provides new insights into the redox dependence of platelet activation. It suggests the possibility of selectively inhibiting platelet agonists by targeting either NOX1 (for collagen) or NOX2 (for thrombin). Selective inhibition of either NOX1 or NOX2 impairs the potentiatory effect of tested platelet modulators (oxLDL and Aβ), but does not completely abolish platelet hemostatic function. This information offers new opportunities for the development of disease-specific antiplatelet drugs with limited bleeding side effects by selectively targeting one NOX isoenzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Vara
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
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25
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Visconte C, Canino J, Guidetti GF, Zarà M, Seppi C, Abubaker AA, Pula G, Torti M, Canobbio I. Amyloid precursor protein is required for in vitro platelet adhesion to amyloid peptides and potentiation of thrombus formation. Cell Signal 2018; 52:95-102. [PMID: 30172024 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, whose accumulation in the brain is associated with Alzheimer's disease. APP is also expressed on the platelet surface and Aβ peptides are platelet agonists. The physiological role of APP is largely unknown. In neurons, APP acts as an adhesive receptor, facilitating integrin-mediated cell adhesion, while in platelets it regulates coagulation and venous thrombosis. In this work, we analyzed platelets from APP KO mice to investigate whether membrane APP supports platelet adhesion to physiological and pathological substrates. We found that APP-null platelets adhered and spread normally on collagen, von Willebrand Factor or fibrinogen. However, adhesion on immobilized Aβ peptides Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42 and Aβ25-35 was completely abolished in platelets lacking APP. By contrast, platelet activation and aggregation induced by Aβ peptides occurred normally in the absence of APP. Adhesion of APP-transfected HEK293 to Aβ peptides was significantly higher than that of control cells expressing low levels of APP. Co-coating of Aβ1-42 and Aβ25-35 with collagen strongly potentiated platelet adhesion when whole blood from wild type mice was perfused at arterial shear rate, but had no effects with blood from APP KO mice. These results demonstrate that APP selectively mediates platelet adhesion to Aβ under static condition but not platelet aggregation, and is responsible for Aβ-promoted potentiation of thrombus formation under flow. Therefore, APP may facilitate an early step in thrombus formation when Aβ peptides accumulate in cerebral vessel walls or atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Visconte
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jessica Canino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Scuola Universitaria Superiore, IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marta Zarà
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Seppi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Mauro Torti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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26
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Donner L, Gremer L, Ziehm T, Gertzen CGW, Gohlke H, Willbold D, Elvers M. Relevance of N-terminal residues for amyloid-β binding to platelet integrin α IIbβ 3, integrin outside-in signaling and amyloid-β fibril formation. Cell Signal 2018; 50:121-130. [PMID: 29964150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the aggregation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) into fibrils, leading to deposits in cerebral parenchyma and vessels known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Platelets are major players of hemostasis but are also implicated in AD. Recently we provided strong evidence for a direct contribution of platelets to AD pathology. We found that monomeric Aβ40 binds through its RHDS sequence to integrin αIIbβ3, and promotes the formation of fibrillar Aβ aggregates by the secretion of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and the chaperone protein clusterin (CLU) from platelets. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms of Aβ binding to integrin αIIbβ3 by using Aβ11 and Aβ16 peptides. These peptides include the RHDS binding motif important for integrin binding but lack the central hydrophobic core and the C-terminal sequence of Aβ. We observed platelet adhesion to truncated N-terminal Aβ11 and Aβ16 peptides that was not mediated by integrin αIIbβ3. Thus, no integrin outside-in signaling and reduced CLU release was detected. Accordingly, platelet mediated Aβ fibril formation was not observed. Taken together, the RHDS motif of Aβ is not sufficient for Aβ binding to platelet integrin αIIbβ3 and platelet mediated Aβ fibril formation but requires other recognition or binding motifs important for platelet mediated processes in CAA. Thus, increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Aβ binding to platelet integrin αIIbβ3 is important to understand the role of platelets in amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Donner
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lothar Gremer
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Tamar Ziehm
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christoph G W Gertzen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Institute for Complex Systems - Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6) Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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27
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Elaskalani O, Khan I, Morici M, Matthysen C, Sabale M, Martins RN, Verdile G, Metharom P. Oligomeric and fibrillar amyloid beta 42 induce platelet aggregation partially through GPVI. Platelets 2017; 29:415-420. [PMID: 29206067 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1401057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides on platelet aggregation have been previously assessed, but most of these studies focused on Aβ40 species. It also remains to be determined which distinct forms of Aβ peptides exert differential effects on platelets. In AD, oligomeric Aβ42 species is widely thought to be a major contributor to the disease pathogenesis. We, therefore, examine the ability of oligomeric and fibrillary Aβ42 to affect platelet aggregation. We show that both forms of Aβ42 induced significant platelet aggregation and that it is a novel ligand for the platelet receptor GPVI. Furthermore, a novel binding peptide that reduces the formation of soluble Aβ42 oligomers was effective at preventing Aβ42-dependent platelet aggregation. These results support a role for Aβ42 oligomers in platelet hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Elaskalani
- a School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - I Khan
- a School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - M Morici
- b School of Medical Sciences , Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup , WA , Australia
| | - C Matthysen
- a School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - M Sabale
- a School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - R N Martins
- a School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia.,c Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Macquarie University , NSW , Sydney , Australia
| | - G Verdile
- a School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia.,b School of Medical Sciences , Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup , WA , Australia.,d School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , University of WA , Perth , Australia
| | - P Metharom
- e Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
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28
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Boncler M, Kehrel B, Szewczyk R, Stec-Martyna E, Bednarek R, Brodde M, Watala C. Oxidation of C-reactive protein by hypochlorous acid leads to the formation of potent platelet activator. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:2701-2714. [PMID: 29111269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We examined the structural and functional consequences of oxidative modification of C-reactive protein (CRP) by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), which can be generated in vivo via the myeloperoxidase/H2O2/Cl- system. HOCl exposure resulted in the oxidation and chlorination of CRP amino acid residues, leading to protein unfolding, greater surface hydrophobicity and the formation of aggregates. After treatment of isolated platelets with 50μg/ml HOCl-CRP, the modified CRP significantly stimulated platelet activation (over 10-fold increase in the fraction of CD62-positive platelets compared to controls, P<0.008), enhanced deposition of platelets onto immobilized fibrinogen (two-fold rise in platelet adhesion compared to controls, P<0.0001), and induced platelet aggregation by up to 79.5%. The ability of HOCl-CRP to interact with several platelet receptors (TLR-4, GPIIbIIIa) and plasma proteins (C1q, IgG) strongly indicates that HOCl-modification leads to structural changes of CRP resulting in the formation of new ligand binding sites, which is characteristic of the monomeric form of CRP exerting pro-inflammatory effects on a variety of cells. Overall, the oxidation of native CRP by HOCl seems to represent an alternative mechanism of CRP modification, by which CRP reveals its pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic properties, and as such, it might be of causal relevance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Boncler
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Beate Kehrel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Rafał Szewczyk
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Radosław Bednarek
- Department of Cytobiology and Proteomics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Martin Brodde
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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29
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McFadyen J, Peter K. Forget about thrombosis: Platelets and Alzheimer's disease, yet another sticky situation. Sci Signal 2016; 9:fs9. [PMID: 27221708 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf8702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Science Signaling, Donner et al define a highly interesting role for platelets in mediating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease via a mechanism linked to integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling and adenosine diphosphate release. These findings raise the intriguing prospect of harnessing antiplatelet drugs for disrupting the nexus between Aβ-induced activated platelets and Aβ fibril and aggregate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James McFadyen
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine and Immunology, Monash University, 3004 Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine and Immunology, Monash University, 3004 Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
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30
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Fuentes E, Palomo I, Rojas A. Cross-talk between platelet and tumor microenvironment: Role of multiligand/RAGE axis in platelet activation. Blood Rev 2016; 30:213-21. [PMID: 26723842 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Talca, Chile.
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Talca, Chile
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile.
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31
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Van Nostrand WE. The influence of the amyloid ß-protein and its precursor in modulating cerebral hemostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:1018-26. [PMID: 26519139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are a significant cause of brain injury leading to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). These deleterious events largely result from disruption of cerebral hemostasis, a well-controlled and delicate balance between thrombotic and fibrinolytic pathways in cerebral blood vessels and surrounding brain tissue. Ischemia and hemorrhage are both commonly associated with cerebrovascular deposition of amyloid ß-protein (Aß). In this regard, Aß directly and indirectly modulates cerebral thrombosis and fibrinolysis. Further, major isoforms of the Aß precursor protein (AßPP) function as a potent inhibitor of pro-thrombotic proteinases. The purpose of this review article is to summarize recent research on how cerebral vascular Aß and AßPP influence cerebral hemostasis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia, edited by M. Paul Murphy, Roderick A. Corriveau and Donna M. Wilcock.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Van Nostrand
- Department of Neurosurgery, HSC-T12/086, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8122, USA; Department of Medicine, HSC-T12/086, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8122, USA.
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32
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Kerch G. The potential of chitosan and its derivatives in prevention and treatment of age-related diseases. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2158-82. [PMID: 25871293 PMCID: PMC4413205 DOI: 10.3390/md13042158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related, diet-related and protein conformational diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, cancer, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases are common in the elderly population. The potential of chitosan, chitooligosaccharides and their derivatives in prevention and treatment of age-related dysfunctions is reviewed and discussed in this paper. The influence of oxidative stress, low density lipoprotein oxidation, increase of tissue stiffness, protein conformational changes, aging-associated chronic inflammation and their pathobiological significance have been considered. The chitosan-based functional food also has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry Kerch
- Department of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Azenes 14/24, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia.
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33
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Canobbio I, Abubaker AA, Visconte C, Torti M, Pula G. Role of amyloid peptides in vascular dysfunction and platelet dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:65. [PMID: 25784858 PMCID: PMC4347625 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative cause of dementia in the elderly. AD is accompanied by the accumulation of amyloid peptides in the brain parenchyma and in the cerebral vessels. The sporadic form of AD accounts for about 95% of all cases. It is characterized by a late onset, typically after the age of 65, with a complex and still poorly understood aetiology. Several observations point towards a central role of cerebrovascular dysfunction in the onset of sporadic AD (SAD). According to the "vascular hypothesis", AD may be initiated by vascular dysfunctions that precede and promote the neurodegenerative process. In accordance to this, AD patients show increased hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke risks. It is now clear that multiple bidirectional connections exist between AD and cerebrovascular disease, and in this new scenario, the effect of amyloid peptides on vascular cells and blood platelets appear to be central to AD. In this review, we analyze the effect of amyloid peptides on vascular function and platelet activation and its contribution to the cerebrovascular pathology associated with AD and the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Aisha Alsheikh Abubaker
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Caterina Visconte
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Torti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Giordano Pula
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
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34
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Rao VA. Perspectives on Engineering Biobetter Therapeutic Proteins with Greater Stability in Inflammatory Environments. BIOBETTERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2543-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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35
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Amyloid β-peptide-dependent activation of human platelets: essential role for Ca2+ and ADP in aggregation and thrombus formation. Biochem J 2014; 462:513-23. [PMID: 24984073 DOI: 10.1042/bj20140307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is associated with the accumulation of Aβ (amyloid β)-peptides in the brain. Besides their cytotoxic effect on neurons, Aβ-peptides are thought to be responsible for the atherothrombotic complications associated with Alzheimer's disease, which are collectively known as cerebrovascular disease. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Aβ-peptides on human platelet signal transduction and function. We discovered that the 25-35 domain of Aβ-peptides induce an increase in platelet intracellular Ca2+ that stimulates α-granule and dense granule secretion and leads to the release of the secondary agonist ADP. Released ADP acts in an autocrine manner as a stimulant for critical signalling pathways leading to the activation of platelets. This includes the activation of the protein kinases Syk, protein kinase C, Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Ca2+-dependent release of ADP is also the main component of the activation of the small GTPase Rap1b and the fibrinogen receptor integrin αIIbβ3, which leads to increased platelet aggregation and increased thrombus formation in human whole blood. Our discoveries complement existing understanding of cerebrovascular dementia and suggest that Aβ-peptides can induce vascular complications of Alzheimer's disease by stimulating platelets in an intracellular Ca2+-dependent manner. Despite a marginal ADP-independent component suggested by low levels of signalling activity in the presence of apyrase or P2Y receptor inhibitors, Ca2+-dependent release of ADP by Aβ-peptides clearly plays a critical role in platelet activation. Targeting ADP signalling may therefore represent an important strategy to manage the cerebrovascular component of Alzheimer's disease.
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36
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Fuentes E, Rojas A, Palomo I. Role of multiligand/RAGE axis in platelet activation. Thromb Res 2014; 133:308-14. [PMID: 24296115 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the context of plaque progression, platelet hyperactivity associated with hyperlipidemia contributes to the development of a pro-thrombotic state. In this context, it has been demonstrated that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) significantly increases platelet activation and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression at the platelet surface membrane. In addition to AGEs, other ligands (S100, HMGB1 and amyloid β, among others) of RAGE have raised particular attention in platelet activation. Therefore, in this article we describe platelet hyperactivity by AGEs via RAGE-independent and RAGE-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile.
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile.
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37
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Zimman A, Titz B, Komisopoulou E, Biswas S, Graeber TG, Podrez EA. Phosphoproteomic analysis of platelets activated by pro-thrombotic oxidized phospholipids and thrombin. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84488. [PMID: 24400094 PMCID: PMC3882224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific oxidized phospholipids (oxPCCD36) promote platelet hyper-reactivity and thrombosis in hyperlipidemia via the scavenger receptor CD36, however the signaling pathway(s) induced in platelets by oxPCCD36 are not well defined. We have employed mass spectrometry-based tyrosine, serine, and threonine phosphoproteomics for the unbiased analysis of platelet signaling pathways induced by oxPCCD36 as well as by the strong physiological agonist thrombin. oxPCCD36 and thrombin induced differential phosphorylation of 115 proteins (162 phosphorylation sites) and 181 proteins (334 phosphorylation sites) respectively. Most of the phosphoproteome changes induced by either agonist have never been reported in platelets; thus they provide candidates in the study of platelet signaling. Bioinformatic analyses of protein phosphorylation dependent responses were used to categorize preferential motifs for (de)phosphorylation, predict pathways and kinase activity, and construct a phosphoproteome network regulating integrin activation. A putative signaling pathway involving Src-family kinases, SYK, and PLCγ2 was identified in platelets activated by oxPCCD36. Subsequent ex vivo studies in human platelets demonstrated that this pathway is downstream of the scavenger receptor CD36 and is critical for platelet activation by oxPCCD36. Our results provide multiple insights into the mechanism of platelet activation and specifically in platelet regulation by oxPCCD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Zimman
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bjoern Titz
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Evangelia Komisopoulou
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sudipta Biswas
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thomas G. Graeber
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eugene A. Podrez
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Immobilized amyloid Aβ peptides support platelet adhesion and activation. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2606-11. [PMID: 23831058 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloidogenic Aβ peptides in the brain contributes to the onset of Alzheimer disease. Aβ peptide deposits are also present in blood vessel walls, mainly deriving from circulating platelets. However, their effect on platelet function is unclear. We demonstrate that immobilized Aβ peptides induce platelet adhesion and spreading through metalloproteinase-sensitive surface receptors. Aβ peptides also fasten platelet spreading on collagen, and support the time- and ADP-dependent activation of adherent platelets, leading to stimulation of several signalling proteins. Our results indicate a potential role for peripheral Aβ peptides in promoting platelet adhesion and activation in the initiation of thrombus formation.
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Donovan LE, Dammer EB, Duong DM, Hanfelt JJ, Levey AI, Seyfried NT, Lah JJ. Exploring the potential of the platelet membrane proteome as a source of peripheral biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2013; 5:32. [PMID: 23764030 PMCID: PMC4054949 DOI: 10.1186/alzrt186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Peripheral biomarkers to diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been established. Given parallels between neuron and platelet biology, we hypothesized platelet membrane-associated protein changes may differentiate patients clinically defined with probable AD from noncognitive impaired controls. Methods Purified platelets, confirmed by flow cytometry were obtained from individuals before fractionation by ultracentrifugation. Following a comparison of individual membrane fractions by SDS-PAGE for general proteome uniformity, equal protein weight from the membrane fractions for five representative samples from AD and five samples from controls were pooled. AD and control protein pools were further divided into molecular weight regions by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE, prior to digestion in gel. Tryptic peptides were analyzed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Ionized peptide intensities were averaged for each identified protein in the two pools, thereby measuring relative protein abundance between the two membrane protein pools. Log2-transformed ratio (AD/control) of protein abundances fit a normal distribution, thereby permitting determination of significantly changed protein abundances in the AD pool. Results We report a comparative analysis of the membrane-enriched platelet proteome between patients with mild to moderate AD and cognitively normal, healthy subjects. A total of 144 proteins were determined significantly altered in the platelet membrane proteome from patients with probable AD. In particular, secretory (alpha) granule proteins were dramatically reduced in AD. Of these, we confirmed significant reduction of thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) in the AD platelet membrane proteome by immunoblotting. There was a high protein-protein connectivity of proteins in other pathways implicated by proteomic changes to the proteins that define secretory granules. Conclusions Depletion of secretory granule proteins is consistent with a preponderance of post-activated platelets in circulation in AD. Significantly changed pathways implicate additional AD-related defects in platelet glycoprotein synthesis, lipid homeostasis, amyloidogenic proteins, and regulators of protease activity, many of which may be useful plasma membrane-expressed markers for AD. This study highlights the utility of LC-MS/MS to quantify human platelet membrane proteins and suggests that platelets may serve as a source of blood-based biomarkers in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Donovan
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Duc M Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - John J Hanfelt
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA ; Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Wyatt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Justin J. Yerbury
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;
| | - Mark R. Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;
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Ozkayar N, Piskinpasa S, Akyel F, Dede F, Yildirim T, Turgut D, Koc E, Haznedaroglu IC. Evaluation of the mean platelet volume in secondary amyloidosis due to familial Mediterranean fever. Rheumatol Int 2013; 33:2555-9. [PMID: 23673449 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-013-2775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inflammatory disorder that is leading cause of secondary amyloidosis (AA). This study was designed to investigate the level of mean platelet volume (MPV) in AA. Seventy-four FMF, 29 AA patients and 180 healthy controls, were included. There was no significant difference between the cases in terms of sex and age. MPV levels were measured in all groups. In the FMF group, MPV level was significantly higher when compared to the control group. MPV level was significantly lower in AA group in comparison with the FMF and healthy control groups. In summary, our present study showed low MPV values in AA due to FMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Ozkayar
- Nephrology Department, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,
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Langer HF, Chavakis T. Platelets and neurovascular inflammation. Thromb Haemost 2013; 110:888-93. [PMID: 23636306 DOI: 10.1160/th13-02-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Platelets participate in haemostasis and in thrombus formation in health and disease. Moreover, they contribute to inflammation and cooperate with immune cells in a magnitude of inflammatory/immune responses. Although the inflammatory response has been recognised to be critical in neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or multiple sclerosis and its mouse counterpart, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the participation of platelets in these diseases is poorly investigated so far. Emerging studies, however, point to an interesting crosstalk between platelets and neuroinflammation. For instance, when the integrity of the blood brain barrier is compromised, platelets may be relevant for endothelial inflammation, as well as recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, thereby potentially contributing to central nervous tissue pathogenesis. This review summarises recent insights in the role of platelets for neurovascular inflammation and addresses potential underlying mechanisms, by which platelets may affect the pathophysiology of neurovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Langer
- Harald F. Langer, MD, Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Clinic of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, E-mail:
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E. Kehrel B, F. Brodde M. State of the art in platelet function testing. Transfus Med Hemother 2013; 40:73-86. [PMID: 23653569 PMCID: PMC3638976 DOI: 10.1159/000350469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets perform many functions in hemostasis but also in other areas of physiology and pathology. Therefore, it is obvious that many different function tests have been developed, each one conceived and standardized for a special purpose. This review will summarize the different fields in which platelet function testing is currently in use; diagnostics of patients with bleeding disorders, monitoring patients' response to anti-platelet therapy, monitoring in transfusion medicine (blood donors, platelet concentrates, and after transfusion), and monitoring in perioperative medicine to predict bleeding tendency. The second part of the review outlines different methods for platelet function testing, spanning bleeding time, and platelet counting as well as determining platelet adhesion, platelet secretion, platelet aggregation, platelet morphology, platelet signal transduction, platelet procoagulant activity, platelet apoptosis, platelet proteomics, and molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate E. Kehrel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Martin F. Brodde
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis, University of Münster, Germany
- OxProtect GmbH, Münster, Germany
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Wyatt AR, Wilson MR. Acute phase proteins are major clients for the chaperone action of α₂-macroglobulin in human plasma. Cell Stress Chaperones 2013; 18:161-70. [PMID: 22896034 PMCID: PMC3581619 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular protein misfolding is implicated in many age-related diseases including Alzheimer's disease, macular degeneration and arthritis. In this study, putative endogenous clients for the chaperone activity of α₂-macroglobulin (α₂M) were identified after human plasma was subjected to physiologically relevant sheer stress at 37 °C for 10 days. Western blot analysis showed that four major acute phase proteins: ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, α₁-acid glycoprotein and complement component 3, preferentially co-purified with α₂M after plasma was stressed. Furthermore, the formation of complexes between α₂M and these putative chaperone clients, detected by sandwich ELISA, was shown to be enhanced in response to stress. These results support the hypothesis that α₂M plays an important role in extracellular proteostasis by sequestering misfolded proteins and targeting them for disposal, particularly during acute phase reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Wyatt
- />Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- />Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - Mark R. Wilson
- />Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
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Heptinstall S. Platelet activation by an extracellular adherence protein from Staphylococcus aureus acting via modulation of sulfhydryl groups on platelets. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:1751-2. [PMID: 22815338 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.252460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Bacterial and fungal species produce some of the best-characterized functional amyloids, that is, extracellular fibres that play key roles in mediating adhesion and biofilm formation. Yet, the molecular details underlying their mechanical strength remain poorly understood. Here, we use single-molecule atomic force microscopy to measure the mechanical properties of amyloids formed by Als cell adhesion proteins from the pathogen Candida albicans. We show that stretching Als proteins through their amyloid sequence yields characteristic force signatures corresponding to the mechanical unzipping of β-sheet interactions formed between surface-arrayed Als proteins. The unzipping probability increases with contact time, reflecting the time necessary for optimal inter β-strand associations. These results demonstrate that amyloid interactions provide cohesive strength to a major adhesion protein from a microbial pathogen, thereby strengthening cell adhesion. We suggest that such functional amyloids may represent a generic mechanism for providing mechanical strength to cell adhesion proteins. In nanotechnology, these single-molecule manipulation experiments provide new opportunities to understand the molecular mechanisms driving the cohesion of functional amyloid-based nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alsteens
- Universitê catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences & Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Croix du Sud, 1, bte L7.04.01., B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Caleen B. Ramsook
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA
| | - Peter N. Lipke
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA
- Corresponding authors: Yves Dufrêne: , Peter Lipke:
| | - Yves F. Dufrêne
- Universitê catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences & Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Croix du Sud, 1, bte L7.04.01., B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Corresponding authors: Yves Dufrêne: , Peter Lipke:
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Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Amyloidosis. J Mol Biol 2012; 421:499-516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Bertling A, Niemann S, Hussain M, Holbrook L, Stanley RG, Brodde MF, Pohl S, Schifferdecker T, Roth J, Jurk K, Müller A, Lahav J, Peters G, Heilmann C, Gibbins JM, Kehrel BE. Staphylococcal extracellular adherence protein induces platelet activation by stimulation of thiol isomerases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:1979-90. [PMID: 22539594 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.246249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Staphylococcus aureus can induce platelet aggregation. The rapidity and degree of this correlates with the severity of disseminated intravascular coagulation, and depends on platelet peptidoglycans. Surface-located thiol isomerases play an important role in platelet activation. The staphylococcal extracellular adherence protein (Eap) functions as an adhesin for host plasma proteins. Therefore we tested the effect of Eap on platelets. METHODS AND RESULTS We found a strong stimulation of the platelet-surface thiol isomerases protein disulfide isomerase and endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins 57 and 72 by Eap. Eap induced thiol isomerase-dependent glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation, granule secretion, and platelet aggregation. Treatment of platelets with thiol blockers, bacitracin, and anti-protein disulfide isomerase antibody inhibited Eap-induced platelet activation. The effect of Eap on platelets and protein disulfide isomerase activity was completely blocked by glycosaminoglycans. Inhibition by the hydrophobic probe bis(1-anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonate) suggested the involvement of hydrophobic sites in protein disulfide isomerase and platelet activation by Eap. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we found an additional and yet unknown mechanism of platelet activation by a bacterial adhesin, involving stimulation of thiol isomerases. The thiol isomerase stimulatory and prothrombotic features of a microbial secreted protein are probably not restricted to S aureus and Eap. Because many microorganisms are coated with amyloidogenic proteins, it is likely that the observed mechanism is a more general one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bertling
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Hemostasis, University of Muenster, Mendelstr 11, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Horn M, Bertling A, Brodde MF, Müller A, Roth J, Van Aken H, Jurk K, Heilmann C, Peters G, Kehrel BE. Human neutrophil alpha-defensins induce formation of fibrinogen and thrombospondin-1 amyloid-like structures and activate platelets via glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. J Thromb Haemost 2012; 10:647-61. [PMID: 22268819 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04640.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human neutrophil α-defensins (HNPs) are important constituents of the innate immune system. Beyond their antimicrobial properties, HNPs also have pro-inflammatory features. While HNPs in plasma from healthy individuals are barely detectable, their level is strongly elevated in septic plasma and plasma from patients with acute coronary syndromes. OBJECTIVES As thrombosis and inflammation are intertwined processes and activation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and subsequent degranulation is associated with full activation of surrounding platelets, we studied the effect of HNPs on platelet function. METHODS The effect of HNPs on platelet activation parameters and apoptosis was investigated via aggregometry, flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and the ELISA technique. RESULTS It was found that HNPs activate platelets in pathophysiologically relevant doses, inducing fibrinogen and thrombospondin-1 binding, aggregation, granule secretion, sCD40L shedding, and procoagulant activity. HNPs bound directly to the platelet membrane, induced membrane pore formation, microparticle formation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspase-3-activity. Confocal microscopy revealed the HNP-induced formation of polymeric fibrinogen and thrombospondin-1 amyloid-like structures, which bound microorganisms. Platelets adhered to these structures and formed aggregates. Blocking of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) markedly inhibited HNP-induced platelet activation. In addition, heparin, heparinoid, serpins and α(2)-macroglobulin, which all bind to HNPs, blocked HNP-1-induced platelet activation in contrast to direct thrombin inhibitors such as hirudin. CONCLUSIONS HNPs activate platelets and induce platelet apoptosis by formation of amyloid-like proteins. As these structures entrapped bacteria and fungi, they might reflect an additional function of HNPs in host defense. The described mechanism links again thrombosis and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Horn
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Heger M, Salles II, Bezemer R, Cloos MA, Mordon SR, Bégu S, Deckmyn H, Beek JF. Laser-induced primary and secondary hemostasis dynamics and mechanisms in relation to selective photothermolysis of port wine stains. J Dermatol Sci 2011; 63:139-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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