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Gavrilchenko T, Simpkins AG, Simpson T, Barrett LA, Hansen P, Shvartsman SY, Schottenfeld-Roames J. The Drosophila tracheal terminal cell as a model for branching morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404462121. [PMID: 39356666 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404462121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The terminal cells of the Drosophila larval tracheal system are perhaps the simplest delivery networks, providing an analogue for mammalian vascular growth and function in a system with many fewer components. These cells are a prime example of single-cell morphogenesis, branching significantly over time to adapt to the needs of the growing tissue they supply. While the genetic mechanisms governing local branching decisions have been studied extensively, an understanding of the emergence of a global network architecture is still lacking. Mapping out the full network architecture of populations of terminal cells at different developmental times of Drosophila larvae, we find that cell growth follows scaling laws relating the total edge length, supply area, and branch density. Using time-lapse imaging of individual terminal cells, we identify that the cells grow in three ways: by extending branches, by the side budding of new branches, and by internally growing existing branches. A generative model based on these modes of growth recapitulates statistical properties of the terminal cell network data. These results suggest that the scaling laws arise from the coupled contributions of branching and internal growth. This study establishes the terminal cell as a uniquely tractable model system for further studies of transportation and distribution networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison G Simpkins
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Tanner Simpson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Lena A Barrett
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
- McKinsey & Company, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Pauline Hansen
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Stanislav Y Shvartsman
- Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
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Samaan M, Abramyan A, Sundararajan S, Nourollah-Zadeh E, Sun H, Nanda A, Roychowdhury S, Gupta G. Cerebrovascular implications of takayasu arteritis: a review. Neuroradiology 2024:10.1007/s00234-024-03472-2. [PMID: 39377926 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-024-03472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic, inflammatory large-vessel vasculitis that affects the aorta and its main branches, including the cerebrovascular system. This review analyzes current knowledge and patient outcomes concerning the cerebrovascular implications of TA. METHODS A literature search, with publications from 1994 to 2024, identified pertinent studies through PubMed. An illustrative case report details a 19-year-old female with Type 1 TA, illustrating the complex decision required in the absence of surgical or endovascular options. RESULTS Our results offer a demographic analysis of 1,698 TA patients, highlighting a female predominance of 89.99% and a mean symptom onset at 33 years. The clinical spectrum of cerebrovascular involvement presented varied symptoms, most notably dizziness, with significant incidences of ischemic events and bilateral stenosis primarily affecting the carotid and subclavian arteries. The most common type of TA was Type V, affecting 40% of patients studied. Endovascular treatment had a 95% initial success rate, with a 67% restenosis rate. Surgical treatment was successful in 84% of cases, but 21% had notable post-operative complications. Similar to the endovascular population, those treated with stand-alone conservative therapy saw a 93% initial remission rate with 52% having relapsed. CONCLUSION Assessing the disease activity of TA is crucial when planning vascular intervention due to its significant impact on treatment outcomes. Despite its greater initial invasiveness, surgical interventions showed lower restenosis rates compared to either endovascular interventions or standalone conservative management. We emphasize advancements in TA management and the pressing need for continued research into diagnostic and treatment protocols for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mena Samaan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Rutgers RWJ Barnabas Healthcare System, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 10 Plum Street, 5 Floor, # 548, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2601, USA
| | - Arevik Abramyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Rutgers RWJ Barnabas Healthcare System, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 10 Plum Street, 5 Floor, # 548, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2601, USA
| | - Srihari Sundararajan
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University Radiology, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Emad Nourollah-Zadeh
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Hai Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Rutgers RWJ Barnabas Healthcare System, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 10 Plum Street, 5 Floor, # 548, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2601, USA
| | - Anil Nanda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Rutgers RWJ Barnabas Healthcare System, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 10 Plum Street, 5 Floor, # 548, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2601, USA
| | - Sudipta Roychowdhury
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University Radiology, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Rutgers RWJ Barnabas Healthcare System, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 10 Plum Street, 5 Floor, # 548, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2601, USA.
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Shapeti A, Barrasa-Fano J, Abdel Fattah AR, de Jong J, Sanz-Herrera JA, Pezet M, Assou S, de Vet E, Elahi SA, Ranga A, Faurobert E, Van Oosterwyck H. Force-mediated recruitment and reprogramming of healthy endothelial cells drive vascular lesion growth. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8660. [PMID: 39370485 PMCID: PMC11456588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Force-driven cellular interactions are crucial for cancer cell invasion but remain underexplored in vascular abnormalities. Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM), a vascular abnormality characterized by leaky vessels, involves CCM mutant cells recruiting wild-type endothelial cells to form and expand mosaic lesions. The mechanisms behind this recruitment remain poorly understood. Here, we use an in-vitro model of angiogenic invasion with traction force microscopy to reveal that hyper-angiogenic Ccm2-silenced endothelial cells enhance angiogenic invasion of neighboring wild-type cells through force and extracellular matrix-guided mechanisms. We demonstrate that mechanically hyperactive CCM2-silenced tips guide wild-type cells by transmitting pulling forces and by creating paths in the matrix, in a ROCKs-dependent manner. This is associated with reinforcement of β1 integrin and actin cytoskeleton in wild-type cells. Further, wild-type cells are reprogrammed into stalk cells and activate matrisome and DNA replication programs, thereby initiating proliferation. Our findings reveal how CCM2 mutants hijack wild-type cell functions to fuel lesion growth, providing insight into the etiology of vascular malformations. By integrating biophysical and molecular techniques, we offer tools for studying cell mechanics in tissue heterogeneity and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apeksha Shapeti
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jorge Barrasa-Fano
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abdel Rahman Abdel Fattah
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium
- CeMM The Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janne de Jong
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium
| | - José Antonio Sanz-Herrera
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain
| | - Mylène Pezet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Said Assou
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie de Vet
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seyed Ali Elahi
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Movement Sciences, Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Ranga
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Faurobert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Belgium.
- KU Leuven, Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Leuven, Belgium.
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Liu W, Li S, Yang M, Ma J, Liu L, Fei P, Xiang Q, Huang L, Zhao P, Yang Z, Zhu X. Dysfunction of Calcyphosine-Like gene impairs retinal angiogenesis through the MYC axis and is associated with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. eLife 2024; 13:RP96907. [PMID: 39264149 PMCID: PMC11392532 DOI: 10.7554/elife.96907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a severe genetic disorder characterized by incomplete vascularization of the peripheral retina and associated symptoms that can lead to vision loss. However, the underlying genetic causes of approximately 50% of FEVR cases remain unknown. Here, we report two heterozygous variants in calcyphosine-like gene (CAPSL) that is associated with FEVR. Both variants exhibited compromised CAPSL protein expression. Vascular endothelial cell (EC)-specific inactivation of Capsl resulted in delayed radial/vertical vascular progression, compromised endothelial proliferation/migration, recapitulating the human FEVR phenotypes. CAPSL-depleted human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) exhibited impaired tube formation, decreased cell proliferation, disrupted cell polarity establishment, and filopodia/lamellipodia formation, as well as disrupted collective cell migration. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling revealed that CAPSL abolition inhibited the MYC signaling axis, in which the expression of core MYC targeted genes were profoundly decreased. Furthermore, a combined analysis of CAPSL-depleted HRECs and c-MYC-depleted human umbilical vein endothelial cells uncovered similar transcription patterns. Collectively, this study reports a novel FEVR-associated candidate gene, CAPSL, which provides valuable information for genetic counseling of FEVR. This study also reveals that compromised CAPSL function may cause FEVR through MYC axis, shedding light on the potential involvement of MYC signaling in the pathogenesis of FEVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shujin Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Ma
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Liu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianchun Xiang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulin Huang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Lam J, Yu J, Lee B, Campagna C, Yoo S, Baek K, Jeon NL, Sung KE. Characterizing On-Chip Angiogenesis Induction in a Microphysiological System as a Functional Measure of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Bioactivity. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300094. [PMID: 37409400 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) continue to be proposed for clinical investigation to treat myriad diseases given their purported potential to stimulate endogenous regenerative processes, such as angiogenesis. However, MSC functional heterogeneity has hindered clinical success and still poses a substantial manufacturing challenge from a product quality control perspective. Here, a quantitative bioassay based on an enhanced-throughput is described, microphysiological system (MPS) to measure the specific bioactivity of MSCs to stimulate angiogenesis as a potential measure of MSC potency. Using this novel bioassay, MSCs derived from multiple donors at different passages are co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and exhibit significant heterogeneity in angiogenic potency between donors and cell passage. Depending on donor source and cellular passage number, MSCs varied in their ability to stimulate tip cell dominant or stalk cell dominant phenotypes in angiogenic sprout morphology which correlated with expression levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). These findings suggest that MSC angiogenic bioactivity may be considered as a possible potency attribute in MSC quality control strategies. Development of a reliable and functionally relevant potency assay for measuring clinically relevant potency attributes of MSCs will help to improve consistency in quality and thereby, accelerate clinical development of these cell-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Lam
- Office of Therapeutic Product, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - James Yu
- Office of Therapeutic Product, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjun Lee
- Qureator, Inc., 7094 Miratech Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Courtney Campagna
- Office of Therapeutic Product, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Sanghee Yoo
- Qureator, Inc., 7094 Miratech Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Kyusuk Baek
- Qureator, Inc., 7094 Miratech Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung E Sung
- Office of Therapeutic Product, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
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6
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Pan X, Li X, Dong L, Liu T, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhang X, Huang L, Shi W, Sun H, Fang Z, Sun J, Huang Y, Shao H, Wang Y, Yin M. Tumour vasculature at single-cell resolution. Nature 2024; 632:429-436. [PMID: 38987599 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Tumours can obtain nutrients and oxygen required to progress and metastasize through the blood supply1. Inducing angiogenesis involves the sprouting of established vessel beds and their maturation into an organized network2,3. Here we generate a comprehensive atlas of tumour vasculature at single-cell resolution, encompassing approximately 200,000 cells from 372 donors representing 31 cancer types. Trajectory inference suggested that tumour angiogenesis was initiated from venous endothelial cells and extended towards arterial endothelial cells. As neovascularization elongates (through angiogenic stages SI, SII and SIII), APLN+ tip cells at the SI stage (APLN+ TipSI) advanced to TipSIII cells with increased Notch signalling. Meanwhile, stalk cells, following tip cells, transitioned from high chemokine expression to elevated TEK (also known as Tie2) expression. Moreover, APLN+ TipSI cells not only were associated with disease progression and poor prognosis but also hold promise for predicting response to anti-VEGF therapy. Lymphatic endothelial cells demonstrated two distinct differentiation lineages: one responsible for lymphangiogenesis and the other involved in antigen presentation. In pericytes, endoplasmic reticulum stress was associated with the proangiogenic BASP1+ matrix-producing pericytes. Furthermore, intercellular communication analysis showed that neovascular endothelial cells could shape an immunosuppressive microenvironment conducive to angiogenesis. This study depicts the complexity of tumour vasculature and has potential clinical significance for anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Pan
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingjuan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wensheng Shi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyin Sun
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Fang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaoxuan Huang
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yeqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Technical Innovation Center for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Authentic Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing, China.
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Zhou Y, Tabib T, Huang M, Yuan K, Kim Y, Morse C, Sembrat J, Valenzi E, Lafyatis R. Molecular Changes Implicate Angiogenesis and Arterial Remodeling in Systemic Sclerosis-Associated and Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:e210-e225. [PMID: 38841857 PMCID: PMC11269037 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and a leading cause of mortality among patients with this disease. PH can also occur as an idiopathic condition (idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension). Investigation of transcriptomic alterations in vascular populations is critical to elucidating cellular mechanisms underlying pathobiology of SSc-associated and idiopathic PH. METHODS We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of endothelial and perivascular mesenchymal populations from explanted lung tissue of patients with SSc-associated PH (n=16), idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=3), and healthy controls (n=15). Findings were validated by immunofluorescence staining of explanted human lung tissue. RESULTS Three disease-associated endothelial populations emerged. Two angiogenic endothelial cell (EC) subtypes markedly expanded in SSc-associated PH lungs: tip ECs expressing canonical tip markers PGF and APLN and phalanx ECs expressing genes associated with vascular development, endothelial barrier integrity, and Notch signaling. Gene regulatory network analysis suggested enrichment of Smad1 (SMAD family member 1) and PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) regulon activities in these 2 populations, respectively. Mapping of potential ligand-receptor interactions highlighted Notch, apelin-APJ (apelin receptor), and angiopoietin-Tie (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1) signaling pathways between angiogenic ECs and perivascular cells. Transitional cells, expressing both endothelial and pericyte/smooth muscle cell markers, provided evidence for the presence of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Transcriptional programs associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction implicated VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor-A), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta-1), angiotensin, and TNFSF12 (tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12)/TWEAK (TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis) in the injury/remodeling phenotype of PH arterial ECs. CONCLUSIONS These data provide high-resolution insights into the complexity and plasticity of the pulmonary endothelium in SSc-associated PH and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and provide direct molecular insights into soluble mediators and transcription factors driving PH vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Zhou
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ke Yuan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yunhye Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christina Morse
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Eleanor Valenzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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8
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Abbey CA, Duran CL, Chen Z, Chen Y, Roy S, Coffell A, Sveeggen TM, Chakraborty S, Wells GB, Chang J, Bayless KJ. Identification of New Markers of Angiogenic Sprouting Using Transcriptomics: New Role for RND3. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:e145-e167. [PMID: 38482696 PMCID: PMC11043006 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New blood vessel formation requires endothelial cells to transition from a quiescent to an invasive phenotype. Transcriptional changes are vital for this switch, but a comprehensive genome-wide approach focused exclusively on endothelial cell sprout initiation has not been reported. METHODS Using a model of human endothelial cell sprout initiation, we developed a protocol to physically separate cells that initiate the process of new blood vessel formation (invading cells) from noninvading cells. We used this model to perform multiple transcriptomics analyses from independent donors to monitor endothelial gene expression changes. RESULTS Single-cell population analyses, single-cell cluster analyses, and bulk RNA sequencing revealed common transcriptomic changes associated with invading cells. We also found that collagenase digestion used to isolate single cells upregulated the Fos proto-oncogene transcription factor. Exclusion of Fos proto-oncogene expressing cells revealed a gene signature consistent with activation of signal transduction, morphogenesis, and immune responses. Many of the genes were previously shown to regulate angiogenesis and included multiple tip cell markers. Upregulation of SNAI1 (snail family transcriptional repressor 1), PTGS2 (prostaglandin synthase 2), and JUNB (JunB proto-oncogene) protein expression was confirmed in invading cells, and silencing JunB and SNAI1 significantly reduced invasion responses. Separate studies investigated rounding 3, also known as RhoE, which has not yet been implicated in angiogenesis. Silencing rounding 3 reduced endothelial invasion distance as well as filopodia length, fitting with a pathfinding role for rounding 3 via regulation of filopodial extensions. Analysis of in vivo retinal angiogenesis in Rnd3 heterozygous mice confirmed a decrease in filopodial length compared with wild-type littermates. CONCLUSIONS Validation of multiple genes, including rounding 3, revealed a functional role for this gene signature early in the angiogenic process. This study expands the list of genes associated with the acquisition of a tip cell phenotype during endothelial cell sprout initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette A. Abbey
- Texas A&M Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan TX
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Camille L. Duran
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Zhishi Chen
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX
| | - Yanping Chen
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX
| | - Sukanya Roy
- Texas A&M Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan TX
| | - Ashley Coffell
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Timothy M. Sveeggen
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Texas A&M Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan TX
| | - Gregg B. Wells
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
| | - Jiang Chang
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX
| | - Kayla J. Bayless
- Texas A&M Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan TX
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX
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9
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Bai W, Ren JS, Li KR, Jiang Q. An integrated analysis revealing the angiogenic function of TP53I11 in tumor microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29504. [PMID: 38655349 PMCID: PMC11036061 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite growing evidence suggesting an important contribution of Tumor Protein P53 Inducible Protein 11 (TP53I11) in cancer progression, the role of TP53I11 remains unclear. Our first pan-cancer analysis of TP53I11 showed some tumor tissues displayed reduced TP53I11 expression compared to normal tissues, while others exhibited high TP53I11 expression. Meanwhile, TP53I11 expression carries a particular pan-cancer risk, as high TP53I11 expression levels are detrimental to survival for BRCA, KIRP, MESO, and UVM, but to beneficial survival for KIRC. We demonstrated that TP53I11 expression negatively correlates with DNA methylation in most cancers, and the S14 residue of TP53I11 is phosphorylated in several cancer types. Additionally, TP53I11 was found to be associated with endothelial cells in pan-cancer, and functional enrichment analysis provided strong evidence for its role in tumor angiogenesis. In vitro angiogenesis assays confirmed that TP53I11 can promote angiogenic function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Mechanistic investigations reveal that TP53I11 is transcriptionally up-regulated by HIF2A under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bai
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Song Ren
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke-ran Li
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Yu Y, Liu S, Yang L, Song P, Liu Z, Liu X, Yan X, Dong Q. Roles of reactive oxygen species in inflammation and cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e519. [PMID: 38576456 PMCID: PMC10993368 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) constitute a spectrum of oxygenic metabolites crucial in modulating pathological organism functions. Disruptions in ROS equilibrium span various diseases, and current insights suggest a dual role for ROS in tumorigenesis and the immune response within cancer. This review rigorously examines ROS production and its role in normal cells, elucidating the subsequent regulatory network in inflammation and cancer. Comprehensive synthesis details the documented impacts of ROS on diverse immune cells. Exploring the intricate relationship between ROS and cancer immunity, we highlight its influence on existing immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptors, and cancer vaccines. Additionally, we underscore the promising prospects of utilizing ROS and targeting ROS modulators as novel immunotherapeutic interventions for cancer. This review discusses the complex interplay between ROS, inflammation, and tumorigenesis, emphasizing the multifaceted functions of ROS in both physiological and pathological conditions. It also underscores the potential implications of ROS in cancer immunotherapy and suggests future research directions, including the development of targeted therapies and precision oncology approaches. In summary, this review emphasizes the significance of understanding ROS-mediated mechanisms for advancing cancer therapy and developing personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Yu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shengzhuo Liu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Luchen Yang
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Pan Song
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhenghuan Liu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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11
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Wilsch-Bräuninger M, Peters J, Huttner WB. High-resolution 3D ultrastructural analysis of developing mouse neocortex reveals long slender processes of endothelial cells that enter neural cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1344734. [PMID: 38500687 PMCID: PMC10945550 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1344734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of the neocortex involves an interplay between neural cells and the vasculature. However, little is known about this interplay at the ultrastructural level. To gain a 3D insight into the ultrastructure of the developing neocortex, we have analyzed the embryonic mouse neocortex by serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM). In this study, we report a first set of findings that focus on the interaction of blood vessels, notably endothelial tip cells (ETCs), and the neural cells in this tissue. A key observation was that the processes of ETCs, located either in the ventricular zone (VZ) or subventricular zone (SVZ)/intermediate zone (IZ), can enter, traverse the cytoplasm, and even exit via deep plasma membrane invaginations of the host cells, including apical progenitors (APs), basal progenitors (BPs), and newborn neurons. More than half of the ETC processes were found to enter the neural cells. Striking examples of this ETC process "invasion" were (i) protrusions of apical progenitors or newborn basal progenitors into the ventricular lumen that contained an ETC process inside and (ii) ETC process-containing protrusions of neurons that penetrated other neurons. Our observations reveal a - so far unknown - complexity of the ETC-neural cell interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wieland B. Huttner
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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12
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Li B, Xuan H, Yin Y, Wu S, Du L. The N 6-methyladenosine modification in pathologic angiogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 339:122417. [PMID: 38244915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The vascular system is a vital circulatory network in the human body that plays a critical role in almost all physiological processes. The production of blood vessels in the body is a significant area of interest for researchers seeking to improve their understanding of vascular function and maintain normal vascular operation. However, an excessive or insufficient vascular regeneration process may lead to the development of various ailments such as cancer, eye diseases, and ischemic diseases. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have revealed new molecular targets and principles that may enhance the therapeutic effect of anti-angiogenic strategies. A thorough comprehension of the mechanism responsible for the abnormal vascular growth in disease processes can enable researchers to better target and effectively suppress or treat the disease. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a common RNA methylation modification method, has emerged as a crucial regulator of various diseases by modulating vascular development. In this review, we will cover how m6A regulates various vascular-related diseases, such as cancer, ocular diseases, neurological diseases, ischemic diseases, emphasizing the mechanism of m6A methylation regulators on angiogenesis during pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanqin Xuan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuye Yin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Longfei Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Shalabi S, Belayachi A, Larrivée B. Involvement of neuronal factors in tumor angiogenesis and the shaping of the cancer microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1284629. [PMID: 38375479 PMCID: PMC10875004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1284629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that nerves within the tumor microenvironment play a crucial role in regulating angiogenesis. Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides released by nerves can interact with nearby blood vessels and tumor cells, influencing their behavior and modulating the angiogenic response. Moreover, nerve-derived signals may activate signaling pathways that enhance the production of pro-angiogenic factors within the tumor microenvironment, further supporting blood vessel growth around tumors. The intricate network of communication between neural constituents and the vascular system accentuates the potential of therapeutically targeting neural-mediated pathways as an innovative strategy to modulate tumor angiogenesis and, consequently, neoplastic proliferation. Hereby, we review studies that evaluate the precise molecular interplay and the potential clinical ramifications of manipulating neural elements for the purpose of anti-angiogenic therapeutics within the scope of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Shalabi
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ali Belayachi
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Larrivée
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
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14
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An O, Deppermann C. Platelet lifespan and mechanisms for clearance. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:6-15. [PMID: 37905750 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Activated or aged platelets are removed from circulation under (patho)physiologic conditions, the exact mechanism of platelet clearance under such conditions remains unclear and are currently being investigated. This review focuses on recent findings and controversies regarding platelet clearance and the disruption of platelet life cycle. RECENT FINDINGS The platelet life span is determined by glycosylation of platelet surface receptors with sialic acid. Recently, it was shown that platelet activation and granule release leads to desialylation of glycans and accelerated clearance of platelets under pathological conditions. This phenomenon was demonstrated to be a main reason for thrombocytopenia being a complication in several infections and immune disorders. SUMMARY Although we have recently gained some insight into how aged platelets are cleared from circulation, we are still not seeing the full picture. Further investigations of the platelet clearance pathways under pathophysiologic conditions are needed as well as studies to unravel the connection between platelet clearance and platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga An
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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15
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Zhang K, Aung T, Yao E, Chuang PT. Lung patterning: Is a distal-to-proximal gradient of cell allocation and fate decision a general paradigm?: A gradient of distal-to-proximal distribution and differentiation of tip progenitors produces distinct compartments in the lung. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300083. [PMID: 38010492 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies support a model in which the progeny of SOX9+ epithelial progenitors at the distal tip of lung branches undergo cell allocation and differentiation sequentially along the distal-to-proximal axis. Concomitant with the elongation and ramification of lung branches, the descendants of the distal SOX9+ progenitors are distributed proximally, express SOX2, and differentiate into cell types in the conducting airways. Amid subsequent sacculation, the distal SOX9+ progenitors generate alveolar epithelial cells to form alveoli. Sequential cell allocation and differentiation are integrated with the branching process to generate a functional branching organ. This review focuses on the roles of SOX9+ cells as precursors for new branches, as the source of various cell types in the conducting airways, and as progenitors of the alveolar epithelium. All of these processes are controlled by multiple signaling pathways. Many mouse mutants with defective lung branching contain underlying defects in one or more steps of cell allocation and differentiation of SOX9+ progenitors. This model provides a framework to understand the molecular basis of lung phenotypes and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of lung patterning. It builds a foundation on which comparing and contrasting the mechanisms employed by different branching organs in diverse species can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thin Aung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Erica Yao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pao-Tien Chuang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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16
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Wei Z, Lei M, Wang Y, Xie Y, Xie X, Lan D, Jia Y, Liu J, Ma Y, Cheng B, Gerecht S, Xu F. Hydrogels with tunable mechanical plasticity regulate endothelial cell outgrowth in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8307. [PMID: 38097553 PMCID: PMC10721650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43768-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelial cell (EC) outgrowth in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis starts with remodeling surrounding matrix and proceeds with the crosstalk between cells for the multicellular vasculature formation. The mechanical plasticity of matrix, defined as the ability to permanently deform by external traction, is pivotal in modulating cell behaviors. Nevertheless, the implications of matrix plasticity on cell-to-cell interactions during EC outgrowth, along with the molecular pathways involved, remain elusive. Here we develop a collagen-hyaluronic acid based hydrogel platform with tunable plasticity by using compositing strategy of dynamic and covalent networks. We show that although the increasing plasticity of the hydrogel facilitates the matrix remodeling by ECs, the largest tubular lumens and the longest invading distance unexpectedly appear in hydrogels with medium plasticity instead of the highest ones. We unravel that the high plasticity of the hydrogels promotes stable integrin cluster of ECs and recruitment of focal adhesion kinase with an overenhanced contractility which downregulates the vascular endothelial cadherin expression and destabilizes the adherens junctions between individual ECs. Our results, further validated with mathematical simulations and in vivo angiogenic tests, demonstrate that a balance of matrix plasticity facilitates both cell-matrix binding and cell-to-cell adherens, for promoting vascular assembly and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Meng Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yizhou Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Xueyong Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Dongwei Lan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China.
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China.
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17
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Liu L, Wu J, Lv S, Xu D, Li S, Hou W, Wang C, Yu D. Synergistic effect of hierarchical topographic structure on 3D-printed Titanium scaffold for enhanced coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100866. [PMID: 38149019 PMCID: PMC10750103 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of the osteogenesis-angiogenesis relationship in the healing process of bone defects has been increasingly emphasized in recent academic research. Surface topography plays a crucial role in guiding cellular behaviors. Metal-organic framework (MOF) is an innovative biomaterial with nanoscale structural and topological features, enabling the modulation of scaffold physicochemical properties. This study involved the loading of varying quantities of UiO-66 nanocrystals onto alkali-heat treated 3D-printed titanium scaffolds, resulting in the formation of hierarchical micro/nano topography named UiO-66/AHTs. The physicochemical properties of these scaffolds were subsequently characterized. Furthermore, the impact of these scaffolds on the osteogenic potential of BMSCs, the angiogenic potential of HUVECs, and their intercellular communication were investigated. The findings of this study indicated that 1/2UiO-66/AHT outperformed other groups in terms of osteogenic and angiogenic induction, as well as in promoting intercellular crosstalk by enhancing paracrine effects. These results suggest a promising biomimetic hierarchical topography design that facilitates the coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Shiyu Lv
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Duoling Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wentao Hou
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
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18
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Dazzi C, Mehl J, Benamar M, Gerhardt H, Knaus P, Duda GN, Checa S. External mechanical loading overrules cell-cell mechanical communication in sprouting angiogenesis during early bone regeneration. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011647. [PMID: 37956208 PMCID: PMC10681321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis plays a key role during bone regeneration. For example, insufficient early revascularization of the injured site can lead to delayed or non-healing. During sprouting, endothelial cells are known to be mechano-sensitive and respond to local mechanical stimuli. Endothelial cells interact and communicate mechanically with their surroundings, such as outer-vascular stromal cells, through cell-induced traction forces. In addition, external physiological loads act at the healing site, resulting in tissue deformations and impacting cellular arrangements. How these two distinct mechanical cues (cell-induced and external) impact angiogenesis and sprout patterning in early bone healing remains however largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relative role of externally applied and cell-induced mechanical signals in driving sprout patterning at the onset of bone healing. To investigate cellular self-organisation in early bone healing, an in silico model accounting for the mechano-regulation of sprouting angiogenesis and stromal cell organization was developed. Computer model predictions were compared to in vivo experiments of a mouse osteotomy model stabilized with a rigid or a semirigid fixation system. We found that the magnitude and orientation of principal strains within the healing region can explain experimentally observed sprout patterning, under both fixation conditions. Furthermore, upon simulating the selective inhibition of either cell-induced or externally applied mechanical cues, external mechanical signals appear to overrule the mechanical communication acting on a cell-cell interaction level. Such findings illustrate the relevance of external mechanical signals over the local cell-mediated mechanical cues and could be used in the design of fracture treatment strategies for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Dazzi
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Mehl
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mounir Benamar
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara Checa
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Russell T, Dirar Q, Li Y, Chiang C, Laskowitz DT, Yun Y. Cortical spheroid on perfusable microvascular network in a microfluidic device. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288025. [PMID: 37856438 PMCID: PMC10586606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived brain spheroids can recapitulate the complex cytoarchitecture of the brain, as well as the genetic/epigenetic footprint of human brain development. However, hiPSC-derived 3D models such as spheroid and organoids does not have a perfusable microvascular network, which plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in vivo. With the critical balance of positive and negative angiogenic modulators, 3D microvascular network can be achieved by angiogenesis. This paper reports on a microfluidic-based three-dimensional, cortical spheroid grafted on the vascular-network. Vascular network was formed by inducing angiogenic sprouting using concentration gradient-driven angiogenic factors in the microfluidic device. We investigate critical factors for angiogenic vascular network formation with spheroid placement, including 1) a PKCα activator, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA); 2) orientation of endothelial cells under perfusion and permeability of vascular network; 3) effect of extracellular matrix (ECM) types and their densities on angiogenesis; and 4) integration with cortical spheroid on vascular network. This paper demonstrates proof of concept for the potential utility of a membrane-free in vitro cortical spheroid tissue construct with perfusable microvascular network that can be scaled up to a high throughput platform. It can provide a cost-effective alternative platform to animal testing by modeling brain diseases and disorders, and screening drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teal Russell
- Fostering Innovation Through Biosystems for Enhanced Scientific Technologies (FIT BEST) Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Qassim Dirar
- Fostering Innovation Through Biosystems for Enhanced Scientific Technologies (FIT BEST) Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Yan Li
- Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Daniel T. Laskowitz
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Yeoheung Yun
- Fostering Innovation Through Biosystems for Enhanced Scientific Technologies (FIT BEST) Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
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20
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Chen C, Wang J, Liu C, Hu J, Liu L. Pioneering therapies for post-infarction angiogenesis: Insight into molecular mechanisms and preclinical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115306. [PMID: 37572633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI), despite significant progress in its treatment, remains a leading cause of chronic heart failure and cardiovascular events such as cardiac arrest. Promoting angiogenesis in the myocardial tissue after MI to restore blood flow in the ischemic and hypoxic tissue is considered an effective treatment strategy. The repair of the myocardial tissue post-MI involves a robust angiogenic response, with mechanisms involved including endothelial cell proliferation and migration, capillary growth, changes in the extracellular matrix, and stabilization of pericytes for neovascularization. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of six key pathways in angiogenesis post-MI: the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, the Notch signaling pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. We also discuss novel therapeutic approaches targeting these pathways, including drug therapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, cell therapy, and extracellular vesicle therapy. A comprehensive understanding of these key pathways and their targeted therapies will aid in our understanding of the pathological and physiological mechanisms of angiogenesis after MI and the development and application of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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21
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Bokhari SMZ, Hamar P. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13317. [PMID: 37686121 PMCID: PMC10487419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the key regulators of vasculogenesis in normal and oncological development. VEGF-A is the most studied angiogenic factor secreted by malignant tumor cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stress, which made VEGF-A a rational target for anticancer therapy. However, inhibition of VEGF-A by monoclonal antibody drugs led to the upregulation of VEGF-D. VEGF-D was primarily described as a lymphangiogenic factor; however, VEGF-D's blood angiogenic potential comparable to VEGF-A has already been demonstrated in glioblastoma and colorectal carcinoma. These findings suggested a role for VEGF-D in facilitating malignant tumor growth by bypassing the anti-VEGF-A antiangiogenic therapy. Owing to its high mitogenic ability, higher affinity for VEGFR-2, and higher expression in cancer, VEGF-D might even be a stronger angiogenic driver and, hence, a better therapeutic target than VEGF-A. In this review, we summarized the angiogenic role of VEGF-D in blood vasculogenesis and its targetability as an antiangiogenic therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
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22
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Shang Y, Piantino M, Zeng J, Louis F, Xie Z, Furihata T, Matsusaki M. Control of blood capillary networks and holes in blood-brain barrier models by regulating elastic modulus of scaffolds. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100714. [PMID: 37545563 PMCID: PMC10401288 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a type of capillary network characterized by a highly selective barrier, which restricts the transport of substances between the blood and nervous system. Numerous in vitro models of the BBB have been developed for drug testing, but a BBB model with controllable capillary structures remains a major challenge. In this study, we report for the first time a unique method of controlling the blood capillary networks and characteristic holes formation in a BBB model by varying the elastic modulus of a three-dimensional scaffold. The characteristic hole structures are formed by the migration of endothelial cells from the model surface to the interior, which have functions of connecting the model interior to the external environment. The hole depth increased, as the elastic modulus of the fibrin gel scaffold increased, and the internal capillary network length increased with decreasing elastic modulus. Besides, internal astrocytes and pericytes were also found to be important for inducing hole formation from the model surface. Furthermore, RNA sequencing indicated up-regulated genes related to matrix metalloproteinases and angiogenesis, suggesting a relationship between enzymatic degradation of the scaffolds and hole formation. The findings of this study introduce a new method of fabricating complex BBB models for drug assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Shang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Marie Piantino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jinfeng Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, Kojimachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fiona Louis
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN INC.) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Zhengtian Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Furihata
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN INC.) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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23
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Luo Z, Yao J, Wang Z, Xu J. Mitochondria in endothelial cells angiogenesis and function: current understanding and future perspectives. J Transl Med 2023; 21:441. [PMID: 37407961 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) angiogenesis is the process of sprouting new vessels from the existing ones, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes such as wound healing, placentation, ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular diseases and cancer metastasis. Although mitochondria are not the major sites of energy source in ECs, they function as important biosynthetic and signaling hubs to regulate ECs metabolism and adaptations to local environment, thus affecting ECs migration, proliferation and angiogenic process. The understanding of the importance and potential mechanisms of mitochondria in regulating ECs metabolism, function and the process of angiogenesis has developed in the past decades. Thus, in this review, we discuss the current understanding of mitochondrial proteins and signaling molecules in ECs metabolism, function and angiogeneic signaling, to provide new and therapeutic targets for treatment of diverse cardiovascular and angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Yao
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Benz PM, Frömel T, Laban H, Zink J, Ulrich L, Groneberg D, Boon RA, Poley P, Renne T, de Wit C, Fleming I. Cardiovascular Functions of Ena/VASP Proteins: Past, Present and Beyond. Cells 2023; 12:1740. [PMID: 37443774 PMCID: PMC10340426 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Actin binding proteins are of crucial importance for the spatiotemporal regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, thereby mediating a tremendous range of cellular processes. Since their initial discovery more than 30 years ago, the enabled/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP) family has evolved as one of the most fascinating and versatile family of actin regulating proteins. The proteins directly enhance actin filament assembly, but they also organize higher order actin networks and link kinase signaling pathways to actin filament assembly. Thereby, Ena/VASP proteins regulate dynamic cellular processes ranging from membrane protrusions and trafficking, and cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, to the generation of mechanical tension and contractile force. Important insights have been gained into the physiological functions of Ena/VASP proteins in platelets, leukocytes, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. In this review, we summarize the unique and redundant functions of Ena/VASP proteins in cardiovascular cells and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Benz
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Timo Frömel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hebatullah Laban
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joana Zink
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lea Ulrich
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Groneberg
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Reinier A. Boon
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Centre of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Centre, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Poley
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Renne
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 VN51 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cor de Wit
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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25
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Ferre-Torres J, Noguera-Monteagudo A, Lopez-Canosa A, Romero-Arias JR, Barrio R, Castaño O, Hernandez-Machado A. Modelling of chemotactic sprouting endothelial cells through an extracellular matrix. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1145550. [PMID: 37362221 PMCID: PMC10285466 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1145550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis is a core biological process critical to vascular development. Its accurate simulation, relevant to multiple facets of human health, is of broad, interdisciplinary appeal. This study presents an in-silico model replicating a microfluidic assay where endothelial cells sprout into a biomimetic extracellular matrix, specifically, a large-pore, low-concentration fibrin-based porous hydrogel, influenced by chemotactic factors. We introduce a novel approach by incorporating the extracellular matrix and chemotactic factor effects into a unified term using a single parameter, primarily focusing on modelling sprouting dynamics and morphology. This continuous model naturally describes chemotactic-induced sprouting with no need for additional rules. In addition, we extended our base model to account for matrix sensing and degradation, crucial aspects of angiogenesis. We validate our model via a hybrid in-silico experimental method, comparing the model predictions with experimental results derived from the microfluidic setup. Our results underscore the intricate relationship between the extracellular matrix structure and angiogenic sprouting, proposing a promising method for predicting the influence of the extracellular matrix on angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Ferre-Torres
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Adrian Lopez-Canosa
- Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain
| | - J Roberto Romero-Arias
- Institute for Research in Applied Mathematics and Systems, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Barrio
- Institute of Physics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Oscar Castaño
- Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Hernandez-Machado
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Hu YX, Hu BW, Chen YS, You HM, Bai MR, Zhang LJ, Guo ZF, Liang C. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate impairs angiogenesis and hematopoiesis via suppressing VEGF signaling in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 267:109588. [PMID: 36858141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is among the most widely used plasticizers in plastic production, which has been detected in various environments. However, DEHP safety remains poorly known. Using zebrafish models, the effects of DEHP on the angiogenesis and hematopoiesis, and the underlying mechanism, were studied. Transgenic zebrafish embryos with specific fluorescence of vascular endothelial cells, myeloid cells, or hematopoietic stem cells were exposed to 0, 100, 150, 200, or 250 nM of DEHP for 22, 46 or 70 h, followed by fluorescence observation, endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity measurement, erythrocyte staining, and gene expression analysis by quantitative PCR and whole mount in situ hybridization. High DEHP concentrations decreased the sprouting rate, average diameter, and length, and the expansion area of the vessels lowered the EAP activity and suppressed the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and hematopoietic marker genes, including c-myb, hbae1, hbbe1, and lyz expressions. DEHP treatment also decreased the number of hematopoietic stem cells, erythrocytes, and myeloid cells at 24 and 72 hpf. These DEHP-induced angiogenetic and hematopoietic defects might be alleviated by vegf overexpression. Our results reveal a plausible mechanistic link between DEHP exposure-induced embryonic angiogenetic defect and hematopoietic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Xi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Bo-Wen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ya-Sha Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Hong-Min You
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mei-Rong Bai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhi-Fu Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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27
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Corrado C, Barreca MM, Raimondo S, Diana P, Pepe G, Basilicata MG, Conigliaro A, Alessandro R. Nobiletin and xanthohumol counteract the TNFα-mediated activation of endothelial cells through the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:634-647. [PMID: 36378586 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a process characterized by the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is a crucial step in tumor growth and dissemination. Given the ability of tumors to interfere with multiple or different molecular pathways to promote angiogenesis, there is an increasing need to therapeutically block tumor progression by targeting multiple antiangiogenic pathways. Natural polyphenols present health-protective properties, which are likely attributed to their ability to activate multiple pathways involved in inflammation, carcinogenesis, and angiogenesis. Recently, increased attention has been addressed to the ability of flavonoids, the most abundant polyphenols in the diet, to prevent cancer by suppressing angiogenesis. Here we investigate the mechanisms by which xanthohumol (the major prenylated flavonoid of the hop plant Humulus lupulus L.) and nobiletin (flavonoid from red-orange Citrus sinensis) can modulate the effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The results reported in this paper show that xanthohumol and nobiletin pretreatment of HUVEC inhibits the effects induced by TNF-α on cell migration, invasion capability, and colon cancer cell adhesion on the endothelial monolayer. Moreover, the pretreatment reduces metalloproteinases and adhesion molecules' expression. Finally, our results highlight that xanthohumol and nobiletin can counteract the effects of TNF-α on angiogenesis and invasiveness, mainly through Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and NF-κB pathways. Since angiogenesis plays an important pathological role in the progression of several diseases, our findings may provide clues for developing xanthohumol and nobiletin as therapeutic agents against angiogenesis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Corrado
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Magdalena Barreca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Campania, Italy
| | | | - Alice Conigliaro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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28
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Tumor vasculature VS tumor cell targeting: Understanding the latest trends in using functional nanoparticles for cancer treatment. OPENNANO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2023.100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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29
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Angiogenesis Invasion Assay to Study Endothelial Cell Invasion and Sprouting Behavior. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2608:345-364. [PMID: 36653717 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature. It is a fundamental process in developmental biology but also a pathological event that initiates or aggravates many diseases. In this complex multistep process, endothelial cells are activated by angiogenic stimuli; undergo specialization in response to VEGF/Notch signaling; degrade the basement membrane of the parent vessel; sprout, migrate, and proliferate to form capillary tubes that branch; and ultimately anastomose with adjacent vessels. Here we describe an assay that mimics the invasion step in vitro. Human microvascular endothelial cells are confronted by a VEGF-enriched basement membrane material in a three-dimensional environment that promotes endothelial cell sprouting, tube formation, and anastomosis. After a few hours, endothelial cells have become tip cells, and vascular sprouts can be observed by phase contrast, fluorescence, or time-lapse microscopy. Sprouting endothelial cells express tip cell markers, display podosomes and filopodia, and exhibit cell dynamics similar to those of angiogenic endothelial cells in vivo. This model provides a system that can be manipulated genetically to study physiological or pathological angiogenesis and that can be used to screen compounds for pro-/anti-angiogenic properties. In this chapter, we describe the key steps in setting up this assay.
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30
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Seynhaeve ALB, Ten Hagen TLM. An In Vivo Model to Study Cell Migration in XYZ-T Dimension Followed by Whole-Mount Re-evaluation. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2608:325-341. [PMID: 36653716 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is a very dynamic process involving several chemical as well as biological interactions with other cells and the environment. Several models exist to study cell migration ranging from simple 2D in vitro cultures to more demanding 3D multicellular assays, to complex evaluation in animals. High-resolution 4D (XYZ, spatial + T, time dimension) intravital imaging using transgenic animals with a fluorescent label in cells of interest is a powerful tool to study cell migration in the correct environment. Here we describe an advanced dorsal skinfold chamber model to study endothelial cell and pericyte migration and association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann L B Seynhaeve
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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31
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Targeting OPA1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion Contributed to Celastrol's Anti-Tumor Angiogenesis Effect. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010048. [PMID: 36678677 PMCID: PMC9866574 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, an active triterpenoid extracted from one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f., is a novel anti-cancer drug with significant anti-angiogenesis activity. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-tumor angiogenesis effect remain unclear. The process of angiogenesis needs lots of energy supply, which mostly derives from mitochondria, the "energy factory" in our body. This study shows that celastrol exerts visible suppression on tumor growth and angiogenesis in a cell-derived xenograft (CDX). Likewise, it reduced the tube formation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), suppressed the energy metabolism of mitochondria in the Seahorse XF Mito Stress Test, and triggered mitochondrial fragmentation and NF-κB activation. Mechanically, celastrol downregulated the expression of mitochondrial-sharping protein optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1), which was further estimated by the OPA1 knockdown model of HUVECs. Specifically, celastrol directly suppressed OPA1 at the mRNA level by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3, and stattic (STAT3 inhibitor) showed the same effects on OPA1 suppression and anti-angiogenesis activity. Overall, this study indicates that celastrol inhibits tumor angiogenesis by suppressing mitochondrial function and morphology via the STAT3/OPA1/P65 pathway and provides new insight for mitochondrion-targeted cancer therapy.
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Ma H, Du M, Hou T, Guo J, Liu Y, Jia Y, Wang L, An M. HMGB1/RAGE axis accelerates the repair of HUVECs injured by pathological mechanical stretching via promoting bFGF expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 636:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Díaz-Flores L, Gutiérrez R, García MP, González-Gómez M, Díaz-Flores L, Carrasco JL, Madrid JF, Rodríguez Bello A. Comparison of the Behavior of Perivascular Cells (Pericytes and CD34+ Stromal Cell/Telocytes) in Sprouting and Intussusceptive Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169010. [PMID: 36012273 PMCID: PMC9409369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perivascular cells in the pericytic microvasculature, pericytes and CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes (CD34+SCs/TCs), have an important role in angiogenesis. We compare the behavior of these cells depending on whether the growth of endothelial cells (ECs) from the pre-existing microvasculature is toward the interstitium with vascular bud and neovessel formation (sprouting angiogenesis) or toward the vascular lumen with intravascular pillar development and vessel division (intussusceptive angiogenesis). Detachment from the vascular wall, mobilization, proliferation, recruitment, and differentiation of pericytes and CD34+SCs/TCs, as well as associated changes in vessel permeability and functionality, and modifications of the extracellular matrix are more intense, longer lasting over time, and with a greater energy cost in sprouting angiogenesis than in intussusceptive angiogenesis, in which some of the aforementioned events do not occur or are compensated for by others (e.g., sparse EC and pericyte proliferation by cell elongation and thinning). The governing mechanisms involve cell-cell contacts (e.g., peg-and-socket junctions between pericytes and ECs), multiple autocrine and paracrine signaling molecules and pathways (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, angiopoietins, transforming growth factor B, ephrins, semaphorins, and metalloproteinases), and other factors (e.g., hypoxia, vascular patency, and blood flow). Pericytes participate in vessel development, stabilization, maturation and regression in sprouting angiogenesis, and in interstitial tissue structure formation of the pillar core in intussusceptive angiogenesis. In sprouting angiogenesis, proliferating perivascular CD34+SCs/TCs are an important source of stromal cells during repair through granulation tissue formation and of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumors. Conversely, CD34+SCs/TCs have less participation as precursor cells in intussusceptive angiogenesis. The dysfunction of these mechanisms is involved in several diseases, including neoplasms, with therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-922-319317; Fax: +34-922-319279
| | - Ricardo Gutiérrez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Maria Pino García
- Department of Pathology, Eurofins Megalab–Hospiten Hospitals, 38100 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Miriam González-Gómez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Lucio Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Carrasco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Madrid
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Aixa Rodríguez Bello
- Department of Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
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Lidonnici J, Santoro MM, Oberkersch RE. Cancer-Induced Metabolic Rewiring of Tumor Endothelial Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112735. [PMID: 35681715 PMCID: PMC9179421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is a complex and demanding biological process that plays an important role in physiological, as well as pathological conditions, including cancer. During tumor growth, the induction of angiogenesis allows tumor cells to grow, invade, and metastasize. Recent evidence supports endothelial cell metabolism as a critical regulator of angiogenesis. However, whether and how tumor endothelial cells rewire their metabolism in cancer remains elusive. In this review, we discussed the metabolic signatures of tumor endothelial cells and their symbiotic, competitive, and mechanical metabolic interactions with tumor cells. We also discussed the recent works that may provide a rationale for attractive metabolic targets and strategies for developing specific therapies against tumor angiogenesis. Abstract Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. If left untreated, tumors tend to grow and spread uncontrolled until the patient dies. To support this growth, cancer cells need large amounts of nutrients and growth factors that are supplied and distributed to the tumor tissue by the vascular system. The aberrant tumor vasculature shows deep morphological, molecular, and metabolic differences compared to the blood vessels belonging to the non-malignant tissues (also referred as normal). A better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms driving the differences between normal and tumor vasculature will allow the designing of new drugs with a higher specificity of action and fewer side effects to target tumors and improve a patient’s life expectancy. In this review, we aim to summarize the main features of tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and shed light on the critical metabolic pathways that characterize these cells. A better understanding of such mechanisms will help to design innovative therapeutic strategies in healthy and diseased angiogenesis.
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Macklin BL, Lin YY, Emmerich K, Wisniewski E, Polster BM, Konstantopoulos K, Mumm JS, Gerecht S. Intrinsic epigenetic control of angiogenesis in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelium regulates vascular regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:28. [PMID: 35551465 PMCID: PMC9098630 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00223-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iECs) provide opportunities to study vascular development and regeneration, develop cardiovascular therapeutics, and engineer model systems for drug screening. The differentiation and characterization of iECs are well established; however, the mechanisms governing their angiogenic phenotype remain unknown. Here, we aimed to determine the angiogenic phenotype of iECs and the regulatory mechanism controlling their regenerative capacity. In a comparative study with HUVECs, we show that iECs increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mediates their highly angiogenic phenotype via regulation of glycolysis enzymes, filopodia formation, VEGF mediated migration, and robust sprouting. We find that the elevated expression of VEGFR2 is epigenetically regulated via intrinsic acetylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 by histone acetyltransferase P300. Utilizing a zebrafish xenograft model, we demonstrate that the ability of iECs to promote the regeneration of the amputated fin can be modulated by P300 activity. These findings demonstrate how the innate epigenetic status of iECs regulates their phenotype with implications for their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bria L Macklin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ying-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Kevin Emmerich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Emily Wisniewski
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Brian M Polster
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jeff S Mumm
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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Niu H, Gao N, Dang Y, Guan Y, Guan J. Delivery of VEGF and delta-like 4 to synergistically regenerate capillaries and arterioles in ischemic limbs. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:295-309. [PMID: 35301145 PMCID: PMC9926495 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization of the poorly vascularized limbs affected by critical limb ischemia (CLI) is necessary to salvage the limbs and avoid amputation. Effective vascularization requires forming not only capillaries, but also arterioles and vessel branching. These processes rely on the survival, migration and morphogenesis of endothelial cells in the ischemic limbs. Yet endothelial cell functions are impaired by the upregulated TGFβ. Herein, we developed an injectable hydrogel-based drug release system capable of delivering both VEGF and Dll4 to synergistically restore endothelial cellular functions, leading to accelerated formation of capillaries, arterioles and vessel branching. In vitro, the Dll4 and VEGF synergistically promoted the human arterial endothelial cell (HAEC) survival, migration, and formation of filopodial structure, lumens, and branches under the elevated TGFβ1 condition mimicking that of the ischemic limbs. The synergistic effect was resulted from activating VEGFR2, Notch-1 and Erk1/2 signaling pathways. After delivering the Dll4 and VEGF via an injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel to the ischemic mouse hindlimbs, 95% of blood perfusion was restored at day 14, significantly higher than delivery of Dll4 or VEGF only. The released Dll4 and VEGF significantly increased density of capillaries and arterioles, vessel branching point density, and proliferating cell density. Besides, the delivery of Dll4 and VEGF stimulated skeletal muscle regeneration and improved muscle function. Overall, the developed hydrogel-based Dll4 and VEGF delivery system promoted ischemic limb vascularization and muscle regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Effective vascularization of the poorly vascularized limbs affected by critical limb ischemia (CLI) requires forming not only capillaries, but also arterioles and vessel branching. These processes rely on the survival, migration and morphogenesis of endothelial cells. Yet endothelial cell functions are impaired by the upregulated TGFβ in the ischemic limbs. Herein, we developed an injectable hydrogel-based drug release system capable of delivering both VEGF and Dll4 to synergistically restore endothelial cell functions, leading to accelerated formation of capillaries, arterioles and vessel branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States.
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Endothelial Cell Metabolism in Vascular Functions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081929. [PMID: 35454836 PMCID: PMC9031281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent findings in the field of vascular biology are nourishing the idea that targeting the endothelial cell metabolism may be an alternative strategy to antiangiogenic therapy, as well as a novel therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease. Deepening the molecular mechanisms regulating how ECs re-adapt their metabolic status in response to the changeable conditions of the tissue microenvironment may be beneficial to develop novel innovative treatments to counteract the aberrant growth of vasculature. Abstract The endothelium is the innermost layer of all blood and lymphatic vessels composed of a monolayer of specialized endothelial cells (ECs). It is regarded as a dynamic and multifunctional endocrine organ that takes part in essential processes, such as the control of blood fluidity, the modulation of vascular tone, the regulation of immune response and leukocyte trafficking into perivascular tissues, and angiogenesis. The inability of ECs to perform their normal biological functions, known as endothelial dysfunction, is multi-factorial; for instance, it implicates the failure of ECs to support the normal antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory status, resulting in the onset of unfavorable cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, hypertension, heart problems, and other vascular pathologies. Notably, it is emerging that the ability of ECs to adapt their metabolic status to persistent changes of the tissue microenvironment could be vital for the maintenance of vascular functions and to prevent adverse vascular events. The main purpose of the present article is to shed light on the unique metabolic plasticity of ECs as a prospective therapeutic target; this may lead to the development of novel strategies for cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
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Protrudin regulates FAK activation, endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:220. [PMID: 35368213 PMCID: PMC8977271 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During angiogenesis, endothelial cells form protrusive sprouts and migrate towards the angiogenic stimulus. In this study, we investigate the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-anchored protein, Protrudin, in endothelial cell protrusion, migration and angiogenesis. Our results demonstrate that Protrudin regulates angiogenic tube formation in primary endothelial cells, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Analysis of RNA sequencing data and its experimental validation revealed cell migration as a prominent cellular function affected in HUVECs subjected to Protrudin knockdown. Further, our results demonstrate that knockdown of Protrudin inhibits focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation in HUVECs and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). This is associated with a loss of polarized phospho-FAK distribution upon Protrudin knockdown as compared to Protrudin expressing HUVECs. Reduction of Protrudin also results in a perinuclear accumulation of mTOR and a decrease in VEGF-mediated S6K activation. However, further experiments suggest that the observed inhibition of angiogenesis in Protrudin knockdown cells is not affected by mTOR disturbance. Therefore, our findings suggest that defects in FAK activation and its abnormal subcellular distribution upon Protrudin knockdown are associated with a detrimental effect on endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Furthermore, mice with global Protrudin deletion demonstrate reduced retinal vascular progression. To conclude, our results provide evidence for a novel key role of Protrudin in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis.
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He X, Lee B, Jiang Y. Extracellular matrix in cancer progression and therapy. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2022; 2:125-139. [PMID: 37724245 PMCID: PMC10471113 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2021-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The tumor ecosystem with heterogeneous cellular compositions and the tumor microenvironment has increasingly become the focus of cancer research in recent years. The extracellular matrix (ECM), the major component of the tumor microenvironment, and its interactions with the tumor cells and stromal cells have also enjoyed tremendously increased attention. Like the other components of the tumor microenvironment, the ECM in solid tumors differs significantly from that in normal organs and tissues. We review recent studies of the complex roles the tumor ECM plays in cancer progression, from tumor initiation, growth to angiogenesis and invasion. We highlight that the biomolecular, biophysical, and mechanochemical interactions between the ECM and cells not only regulate the steps of cancer progression, but also affect the efficacy of systemic cancer treatment. We further discuss the strategies to target and modify the tumor ECM to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu He
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Byoungkoo Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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βIV-spectrin as a stalk cell-intrinsic regulator of VEGF signaling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1326. [PMID: 35288568 PMCID: PMC8921520 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective angiogenesis underlies over 50 malignant, ischemic and inflammatory disorders yet long-term therapeutic applications inevitably fail, thus highlighting the need for greater understanding of the vast crosstalk and compensatory mechanisms. Based on proteomic profiling of angiogenic endothelial components, here we report βIV-spectrin, a non-erythrocytic cytoskeletal protein, as a critical regulator of sprouting angiogenesis. Early loss of endothelial-specific βIV-spectrin promotes embryonic lethality in mice due to hypervascularization and hemorrhagic defects whereas neonatal depletion yields higher vascular density and tip cell populations in developing retina. During sprouting, βIV-spectrin expresses in stalk cells to inhibit their tip cell potential by enhancing VEGFR2 turnover in a manner independent of most cell-fate determining mechanisms. Rather, βIV-spectrin recruits CaMKII to the plasma membrane to directly phosphorylate VEGFR2 at Ser984, a previously undefined phosphoregulatory site that strongly induces VEGFR2 internalization and degradation. These findings support a distinct spectrin-based mechanism of tip-stalk cell specification during vascular development. Defective angiogenesis remains a high source of morbidity in multiple disorders. Here they show that βIV-spectrin, a membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein, is essential for regulation of endothelial tip cell populations and VEGF signaling during sprouting angiogenesis.
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Contribution of Endothelial Laminin-Binding Integrins to Cellular Processes Associated with Angiogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050816. [PMID: 35269439 PMCID: PMC8909174 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells engage extracellular matrix and basement membrane components through integrin-mediated adhesion to promote angiogenesis. Angiogenesis involves the sprouting of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels, their migration into surrounding tissue, the upregulation of angiogenesis-associated genes, and the formation of new endothelial tubes. To determine whether the endothelial laminin-binding integrins, α6β4, and α3β1 contribute to these processes, we employed RNAi technology in organotypic angiogenesis assays, as well in migration assays, in vitro. The endothelial depletion of either α6β4 or α3β1 inhibited endothelial sprouting, indicating that these integrins have non-redundant roles in this process. Interestingly, these phenotypes were accompanied by overlapping and distinct changes in the expression of angiogenesis-associated genes. Lastly, depletion of α6β4, but not α3β1, inhibited migration. Taken together, these results suggest that laminin-binding integrins regulate processes associated with angiogenesis by distinct and overlapping mechanisms.
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Marques Dos Reis E, Vieira Berti F. Vasculogenic Mimicry-An Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2514:3-13. [PMID: 35771413 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2403-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a tumor microcirculation model found in melanoma in the last 20 years, is a vascular channel-like structure composed of tumor cells, but without endothelial cells, that stains positive for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and negative staining for CD31. VM provides, to the highly aggressive malignant tumor cells, adequate oxygen and nutrient supply for tumor growth and subsequent metastasis process and its presence are related to poor prognosis in patients. VM is independent of endothelial cells, which may partly explain why angiogenesis drug inhibitors have not achieved the expected success for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Marques Dos Reis
- Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Vieira Berti
- Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Mastej V, Axen C, Wary A, Minshall RD, Wary KK. A requirement for Krüppel Like Factor-4 in the maintenance of endothelial cell quiescence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1003028. [PMID: 36425528 PMCID: PMC9679496 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1003028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale and Goal: Endothelial cells (ECs) are quiescent and critical for maintaining homeostatic functions of the mature vascular system, while disruption of quiescence is at the heart of endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and tumor angiogenesis. Here, we addressed the hypothesis that KLF4 maintains the EC quiescence. Methods and Results: In ECs, KLF4 bound to KLF2, and the KLF4-transctivation domain (TAD) interacted directly with KLF2. KLF4-depletion increased KLF2 expression, accompanied by phosphorylation of SMAD3, increased expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), VCAM-1, TGF-β1, and ACE2, but decreased VE-cadherin expression. In the absence of Klf4, Klf2 bound to the Klf2-promoter/enhancer region and autoregulated its own expression. Loss of EC-Klf4 in Rosa mT/mG ::Klf4 fl/fl ::Cdh5 CreERT2 engineered mice, increased Klf2 levels and these cells underwent EndMT. Importantly, these mice harboring EndMT was also accompanied by lung inflammation, disruption of lung alveolar architecture, and pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusion: In quiescent ECs, KLF2 and KLF4 partnered to regulate a combinatorial mechanism. The loss of KLF4 disrupted this combinatorial mechanism, thereby upregulating KLF2 as an adaptive response. However, increased KLF2 expression overdrives for the loss of KLF4, giving rise to an EndMT phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mastej
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cassondra Axen
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anita Wary
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kishore K Wary
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
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Smith TL, Oubaha M, Cagnone G, Boscher C, Kim JS, El Bakkouri Y, Zhang Y, Chidiac R, Corriveau J, Delisle C, Andelfinger GU, Sapieha P, Joyal JS, Gratton JP. eNOS controls angiogenic sprouting and retinal neovascularization through the regulation of endothelial cell polarity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:37. [PMID: 34971428 PMCID: PMC8739159 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The roles of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the regulation of angiogenesis are well documented. However, the involvement of eNOS in the sprouting of endothelial tip-cells at the vascular front during sprouting angiogenesis remains poorly defined. In this study, we show that downregulation of eNOS markedly inhibits VEGF-stimulated migration of endothelial cells but increases their polarization, as evidenced by the reorientation of the Golgi in migrating monolayers and by the fewer filopodia on tip cells at ends of sprouts in endothelial cell spheroids. The effect of eNOS inhibition on EC polarization was prevented in Par3-depleted cells. Importantly, downregulation of eNOS increased the expression of polarity genes, such as PARD3B, PARD6A, PARD6B, PKCΖ, TJP3, and CRB1 in endothelial cells. In retinas of eNOS knockout mice, vascular development is retarded with decreased vessel density and vascular branching. Furthermore, tip cells at the extremities of the vascular front have a marked reduction in the number of filopodia per cell and are more oriented. In a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), eNOS deficient mice are protected during the initial vaso-obliterative phase, have reduced pathological neovascularization, and retinal endothelial tip cells have fewer filopodia. Single-cell RNA sequencing of endothelial cells from OIR retinas revealed enrichment of genes related to cell polarity in the endothelial tip-cell subtype of eNOS deficient mice. These results indicate that inhibition of eNOS alters the polarity program of endothelial cells, which increases cell polarization, regulates sprouting angiogenesis and normalizes pathological neovascularization during retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Malika Oubaha
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Gael Cagnone
- Department of Pediatrics and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cécile Boscher
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jin Sung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yassine El Bakkouri
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rony Chidiac
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeanne Corriveau
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chantal Delisle
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregor U Andelfinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Joyal
- Department of Pediatrics and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gratton
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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45
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Comparison of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Children and Adults With and Without Obesity: A Hysteresis Model. Endocr Pract 2021; 28:315-320. [PMID: 34890785 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe a third-degree polynomial function (hysteresis) of the effect size of age, obesity, and insulin sensitivity over the carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT), in the pediatric and adult groups. METHODS A quasi-experimental study with fixed factor analysis of age (children aged 8-12 years, n = 73; adults aged 21-45 years, n = 82) and obesity (yes, n = 76; no, n = 79) was conducted to analyze the effect on the c-IMT and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index values. This quasi-experimental design was analyzed with robust regression modeling. RESULTS The additive effect of obesity, independent of age, was evident in the case of the c-IMT values. There was no interaction effect, but a significant difference between participants with normal weight and those with obesity was found (P < .0001). The difference between adults and children was also significant, but the effect size was smaller. A model was created based on age, Tanner stage, and obesity using the c-IMT and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index values. A linear function fit as R2, and the cubic function estimated parameters like a polynomial model. CONCLUSION This practical study design showed that children with obesity displayed the same levels of carotid intima-media abnormalities as adults with obesity. The polynomial shape of the model suggests potentially poor outcomes that resemble the hysteresis process and may predict chronic cardiometabolic events during early adulthood.
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46
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Lan T, Yu M, Chen W, Yin J, Chang HT, Tang S, Zhao Y, Svoronos S, Wong SWK, Tseng Y. Decomposition of cell activities revealing the role of the cell cycle in driving biofunctional heterogeneity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23431. [PMID: 34873244 PMCID: PMC8648726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of cell phenotypes remains a barrier in progressing cell research and a challenge in conquering cancer-related drug resistance. Cell morphology, the most direct property of cell phenotype, evolves along the progression of the cell cycle; meanwhile, cell motility, the dynamic property of cell phenotype, also alters over the cell cycle. However, a quantifiable research understanding the relationship between the cell cycle and cell migration is missing. Herein, we coordinate the migratory behaviours of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts to their corresponding phases of the cell cycle, the G1, the S, and the G2 phases, and explain the relationship through the spatiotemporal arrangements between the Rho GTPases’ signals and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21Cip1, and p27Kip1. Taken together, we demonstrate that both cell morphology and the dynamic subcellular behaviour are homogenous within each stage of the cell cycle phases but heterogenous between phases through quantitative cell analyses and an interactive molecular mechanism between the cell cycle and cell migration, posing potential implications in countering drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Meng Yu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Weisheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Hsiang-Tsun Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ye Zhao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Spyros Svoronos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Samuel W K Wong
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yiider Tseng
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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47
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Tabrizi ZB, Ahmed NS, Horder JL, Storr SJ, Benest AV. Transcription Factor Control of Lymphatic Quiescence and Maturation of Lymphatic Neovessels in Development and Physiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:672987. [PMID: 34795596 PMCID: PMC8593113 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.672987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system is a vascular system comprising modified lymphatic endothelial cells, lymph nodes and other lymphoid organs. The system has diverse, but critical functions in both physiology and pathology, and forms an interface between the blood vascular and immune system. It is increasingly evident that remodelling of the lymphatic system occurs alongside remodelling of the blood microvascular system, which is now considered a hallmark of most pathological conditions as well as being critical for normal development. Much attention has focussed on how the blood endothelium undergoes phenotypic switching in development and disease, resulting in over two decades of research to probe the mechanisms underlying the resulting heterogeneity. The lymphatic system has received less attention, and consequently there are fewer descriptions of functional and molecular heterogeneity, but differential transcription factor activity is likely an important control mechanism. Here we introduce and discuss significant transcription factors of relevance to coordinating cellular responses during lymphatic remodelling as the lymphatic endothelium dynamically changes from quiescence to actively remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarah B Tabrizi
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nada S Ahmed
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph L Horder
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Storr
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Centre for Cancer Sciences School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Endothelial Quiescence Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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48
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Aspriţoiu VM, Stoica I, Bleotu C, Diaconu CC. Epigenetic Regulation of Angiogenesis in Development and Tumors Progression: Potential Implications for Cancer Treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689962. [PMID: 34552922 PMCID: PMC8451900 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a multi-stage process of new blood vessel development from pre-existing vessels toward an angiogenic stimulus. The process is essential for tissue maintenance and homeostasis during embryonic development and adult life as well as tumor growth. Under normal conditions, angiogenesis is involved in physiological processes, such as wound healing, cyclic regeneration of the endometrium, placental development and repairing certain cardiac damage, in pathological conditions, it is frequently associated with cancer development and metastasis. The control mechanisms of angiogenesis in carcinogenesis are tightly regulated at the genetic and epigenetic level. While genetic alterations are the critical part of gene silencing in cancer cells, epigenetic dysregulation can lead to repression of tumor suppressor genes or oncogene activation, becoming an important event in early development and the late stages of tumor development, as well. The global alteration of the epigenetic spectrum, which includes DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, microRNAs, and other chromatin components, is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer, and the efforts are concentrated on the discovery of molecular epigenetic markers that identify cancerous precursor lesions or early stage cancer. This review aims to highlight recent findings on the genetic and epigenetic changes that can occur in physiological and pathological angiogenesis and analyze current knowledge on how deregulation of epigenetic modifiers contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor maintenance. Also, we will evaluate the clinical relevance of epigenetic markers of angiogenesis and the potential use of "epi-drugs" in modulating the responsiveness of cancer cells to anticancer therapy through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and hormone therapy as anti-angiogenic strategies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ileana Stoica
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Romanian Academy, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
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49
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Li B, Chen K, Liu F, Zhang J, Chen X, Chen T, Chen Q, Yao Y, Hu W, Wang L, Wu Y. Developmental Angiogenesis Requires the Mitochondrial Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:724846. [PMID: 34540921 PMCID: PMC8440837 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.724846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mtARSs) catalyze the binding of specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs and play an essential role in the synthesis of proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA. Defects in mtARSs have been linked to human diseases, but their tissue-specific pathophysiology remains elusive. Here we examined the role of mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (FARS2) in developmental angiogenesis and its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Methods: Morpholinos were injected into fertilized zebrafish ova to establish an in vivo fars2 knock-down model. A visualization of the vasculature was achieved by using Tg (fli1: EGFP)y1 transgenic zebrafish. In addition, small interference RNAs (siRNAs) were transferred into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to establish an in vitro FARS2 knock-down model. Cell motility, proliferation, and tubulogenesis were determined using scratch-wound CCK8, transwell-based migration, and tube formation assays. In addition, mitochondria- and non-mitochondria-related respiration were evaluated using a Seahorse XF24 analyzer and flow cytometry assays. Analyses of the expression levels of transcripts and proteins were performed using qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Results: The knock-down of fars2 hampered the embryonic development in zebrafish and delayed the formation of the vasculature in Tg (fli1: EGFP)y1 transgenic zebrafish. In addition, the siRNA-mediated knock-down of FARS2 impaired angiogenesis in HUVECs as indicated by decreased cell motility and tube formation capacity. The knock-down of FARS2 also produced variable decreases in mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial respiration in HUVECs and disrupted the regulatory pathways of angiogenesis in both HUVECs and zebrafish. Conclusion: Our current work offers novel insights into angiogenesis defects and cardiovascular diseases induced by FARS2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Neurosciences, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xihui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tangdong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Weihong Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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50
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Rodriguez D, Watts D, Gaete D, Sormendi S, Wielockx B. Hypoxia Pathway Proteins and Their Impact on the Blood Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179191. [PMID: 34502102 PMCID: PMC8431527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell in the body requires oxygen for its functioning, in virtually every animal, and a tightly regulated system that balances oxygen supply and demand is therefore fundamental. The vascular network is one of the first systems to sense oxygen, and deprived oxygen (hypoxia) conditions automatically lead to a cascade of cellular signals that serve to circumvent the negative effects of hypoxia, such as angiogenesis associated with inflammation, tumor development, or vascular disorders. This vascular signaling is driven by central transcription factors, namely the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which determine the expression of a growing number of genes in endothelial cells and pericytes. HIF functions are tightly regulated by oxygen sensors known as the HIF-prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), which are enzymes that hydroxylate HIFs for eventual proteasomal degradation. HIFs, as well as PHDs, represent attractive therapeutic targets under various pathological settings, including those involving vascular (dys)function. We focus on the characteristics and mechanisms by which vascular cells respond to hypoxia under a variety of conditions.
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