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Li X, Lei ZC, Lo CY, Jan TY, Lau CW, Yao XQ. Endothelial cell Orai1 is essential for endothelium-dependent contraction of mouse carotid arteries in normotensive and hypertensive mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:975-987. [PMID: 38279042 PMCID: PMC11053128 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelium-dependent contraction (EDC) exists in blood vessels of normotensive animals, but is exaggerated in hypertension. An early signal in EDC is cytosolic Ca2+ rise in endothelial cells. In this study we investigated the functional role of Orai1, a major endothelial cell Ca2+ entry channel, in EDC. Hypertension model was established in WT mice by intake of L-NNA in the drinking water (0.5 g/L) for 4 weeks or osmotic pump delivery of Ang II (1.5 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 2 weeks. In TRPC5 KO mice, the concentration of L-NNA and Ang II were increased to 1 g/L or 2 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively. Arterial segments were prepared from carotid arteries and aortas, and EDC was elicited by acetylcholine in the presence of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. We showed that low concentration of acetylcholine (3-30 nM) initiated relaxation in phenylephrine-precontracted carotid arteries of both normotensive and hypertensive mice, while high concentration of acetylcholine (0.1-2 μM) induced contraction. Application of selective Orai1 inhibitors AnCoA4 (100 μM) or YM58483 (400 nM) had no effect on ACh-induced relaxation but markedly reduced acetylcholine-induced EDC. We found that EDC was increased in hypertensive mice compared with that of normotensive mice, which was associated with increased Orai1 expression in endothelial cells of hypertensive mice. Compared to TRPC5 and TRPV4, which were also involved in EDC, endothelial cell Orai1 had relatively greater contribution to EDC than either TRPC5 or TRPV4 alone. We identified COX-2, followed by PGF2α, PGD2 and PGE2 as the downstream signals of Orai1/TRPC5/TRPV4. In conclusion, Orai1 coordinates together with TRPC5 and TRPV4 in endothelial cells to regulate EDC responses. This study demonstrates a novel function of Orai1 in EDC in both normotensive and hypertensive mice, thus providing a general scheme about the control of EDC by Ca2+-permeable channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhen-Chuan Lei
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Yin Lo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Yau Jan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wai Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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2
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Liu L, Yang H, Kuang SJ, Zhang L, Zhou MY, Zeng P, Zhang MZ, Rao F, Zhou ZL, Deng CY. Contribution of calcium dysregulation to impaired coronary artery contraction in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:158-168. [PMID: 36309970 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic coronary artery injury is closely associated with Ca2+ dysregulation, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study explored the role and mechanism of Ca2+ handling in coronary artery dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats. Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were used as the type 2 diabetes mellitus model. The contractility of coronary artery rings induced by KCl, CaCl2 , 5-HT and U46619 was significantly lower in ZDF rats than in Zucker lean rats. Vasoconstriction induced by 5-HT and U46619 was greatly inhibited by nifedipine. However, in the presence of 1 μM nifedipine or in the Ca2+ -free KH solution containing 1 μM nifedipine, there was no difference in the vasoconstriction between Zucker lean and ZDF rats. Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) were not involved in coronary vasoconstriction. The downregulation of contractile proteins and the upregulation of synthesized proteins were in coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) from ZDF rats. Metformin reversed the reduction of vasoconstriction in ZDF rats. Taken together, L-type calcium channel is important for regulating the excitation-contraction coupling of VSMCs in coronary arteries, and dysregulation of this channel contributes to the decreased contractility of coronary arteries in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Juan Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of biological science and engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of biological science and engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhou
- Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Chun-Yu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of biological science and engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Xiao H, Lu H, Xue Y, Jia Z, Dai M, He K, Zhao R. Deleterious effect in endothelin receptor-mediated coronary artery smooth muscle contractility in high-salt diet rats. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:234-244. [PMID: 36404239 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS High-salt diet has been suggested to increase the risk of heart disease. However, the mechanisms underlying coronary artery tension dysfunction caused by high-salt diet are unclear. Previous studies have shown that coronary artery spasm is often induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane, leading to myocardial ischemia, while the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) function of coronary smooth muscle is very important in this process. METHODS AND RESULTS Tension measurements of endothelium-denuded coronary artery ring segments showed that vasocontraction induced by U46619, ET-1, orSTIM1/Orai1-mediated SOCE was significantly lower in 4% high-salt diet rats than in control rats fed a regular diet. The results of western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays showed lower expression levels of endothelial receptors ETA and ETB, STIM1 and Orai1 in coronary artery of high-salt intake rats compared with control rats. Fibrosis was observed by using Masson's trichrome staining and picrosirius red staining. The plasma ET-1 concentration in high-salt diet rats was significantly higher than that of controls. The interventricular septum and posterior wall of high-salt diet rats were significantly thickened. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that coronary artery tension was significantly decreased in 4% high-salt diet rats and that this decrease may be due to the change of endothelin receptor and its downstream pathway SOCE related protein expression in coronary artery. Coronary fibrosis was observed in rats fed with high-salt diet. This study provides potential mechanistic insights into high-salt intake-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Haoyang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Yangcheng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Zhuoran Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Manyu Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Ke He
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
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Jiang RS, Zhang L, Yang H, Zhou MY, Deng CY, Wu W. Signalling pathway of U46619-induced vascular smooth muscle contraction in mouse coronary artery. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:996-1006. [PMID: 33792963 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thromboxane A2 (TXA2 ) participates in many pathophysiological processes of coronary artery disease. However, its mechanism of TXA2 -induced contraction in the coronary artery remains to be clarified. A multi myograph system was used to measure the isometric tension of the mouse coronary arteries and identify the effect and pathway of TXA2 analogues U46619. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) in mouse coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Results from the experiment had shown that contraction in coronary artery was generated by U46619 in a concentration-dependent manner, which was completely abolished by a specific TXA2 receptor blocker, GR32191. PI-PLC inhibitors U73122 and D609 and Rho-Kinase inhibitor Y-27632 can block the U46619 elicited coronary artery contraction in a dose-dependent manner. Then, the vasoconstriction response to U46619 was obviously inhibited by two pan-PKC inhibitors chelerythrine or Gӧ6983, and a selective PKCδ inhibitor rottlerin, but was not blocked by a selective PKCζ inhibitor PKC-PS or a selective PKCβ inhibitor hispidin. Meanwhile, the PKC activator PDBu-induced vasoconstriction was significantly inhibited by 1 μmol/L nifedipine, then mostly inhibited by 100 μmol/L 2-APB and 10 μmol/L Y27632. We further found that the response to U46619 was inhibited, respectively, by three calcium channel blockers nifedipine, SKF96356 or 2-APB in a concentration-dependent manner. Although Store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels generated the increase of [Ca2+ ]i in mouse coronary artery smooth muscle cells, SOC channels did not contribute to the vasoconstriction in mouse coronary arteries. Caffeine-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release could obviously induce coronal vasoconstriction. In addition, NPPB, a cell membrane Ca2+ activated C1- channel blocker, could obviously inhibit the U46619-induced vasoconstriction. The U46619-induced mouse coronary artery contraction was involved in the increase in [Ca2+ ]i mediated by Cav1.2, TRPC channels and SR release through the activation of G-protein-coupled TP receptors and the kinases signalling pathway in TP downstream proteins, while SOC channels did not participate in the vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Climent B, Santiago E, Sánchez A, Muñoz-Picos M, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, García-Sacristán A, Rivera L, Prieto D. Metabolic syndrome inhibits store-operated Ca 2+ entry and calcium-induced calcium-release mechanism in coronary artery smooth muscle. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114222. [PMID: 32949582 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Metabolic syndrome causes adverse effects on the coronary circulation including altered vascular responsiveness and the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). However the underlying mechanisms linking obesity with CAD are intricated. Augmented vasoconstriction, mainly due to impaired Ca2+ homeostasis in coronary vascular smooth muscle (VSM), is a critical factor for CAD. Increased calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) mechanism has been associated to pathophysiological conditions presenting persistent vasoconstriction while increased store operated calcium (SOC) entry appears to activate proliferation and migration in coronary vascular smooth muscle (VSM). We analyze here whether metabolic syndrome might alter SOC entry as well as CICR mechanism in coronary arteries, contributing thus to a defective Ca2+ handling and therefore accelerating the progression of CAD. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Measurements of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and tension and of Ca2+ channels protein expression were performed in coronary arteries (CA) from lean Zucker rats (LZR) and obese Zucker rats (OZR). KEY RESULTS SOC entry stimulated by emptying sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ store with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was decreased and associated to decreased STIM-1 and Orai1 protein expression in OZR CA. Further, CICR mechanism was blunted in these arteries but Ca2+ entry through voltage-dependent L-type channels was preserved contributing to maintain depolarization-induced increases in [Ca2+]i and vasoconstriction in OZR CA. These results were associated to increased expression of voltage-operated L-type Ca2+ channel alpha 1C subunit (CaV1.2) but unaltered ryanodine receptor (RyR) and sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pump protein content in OZR CA. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The present manuscript provides evidence of impaired Ca2+ handling mechanisms in coronary arteries in metabolic syndrome where a decrease in both SOC entry and CICR mechanism but preserved vasoconstriction are reported in coronary arteries from obese Zucker rats. Remarkably, OZR CA VSM at this state of metabolic syndrome seemed to have developed a compensation mechanism for impaired CICR by overexpressing CaV1.2 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Climent
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elvira Santiago
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Muñoz-Picos
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Rivera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Prieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Garcia SM, Herbert LM, Walker BR, Resta TC, Jernigan NL. Coupling of store-operated calcium entry to vasoconstriction is acid-sensing ion channel 1a dependent in pulmonary but not mesenteric arteries. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236288. [PMID: 32702049 PMCID: PMC7377459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) are a major Ca2+ entry pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), several other Ca2+-influx mechanisms exist and play important roles in vasoreactivity. One of these is store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), mediated by an interaction between STIM1 and Orai1. Although SOCE is an important mechanism of Ca2+ influx in non-excitable cells (cells that lack VGCC); there is debate regarding the contribution of SOCE to regulate VSMC contractility and the molecular components involved. Our previous data suggest acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a necessary component of SOCE and vasoconstriction in small pulmonary arteries. However, it is unclear if ASIC1a similarly contributes to SOCE and vascular reactivity in systemic arteries. Considering the established role of Orai1 in mediating SOCE in the systemic circulation, we hypothesize the involvement of ASIC1a in SOCE and resultant vasoconstriction is unique to the pulmonary circulation. To test this hypothesis, we examined the roles of Orai1 and ASIC1a in SOCE- and endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced vasoconstriction in small pulmonary and mesenteric arteries. We found SOCE is coupled to vasoconstriction in pulmonary arteries but not mesenteric arteries. In pulmonary arteries, inhibition of ASIC1a but not Orai1 attenuated SOCE- and ET-1-induced vasoconstriction. However, neither inhibition of ASIC1a nor Orai1 altered ET-1-induced vasoconstriction in mesenteric arteries. We conclude that SOCE plays an important role in pulmonary, but not mesenteric, vascular reactivity. Furthermore, in contrast to the established role of Orai1 in SOCE in non-excitable cells, the SOCE response in pulmonary VSMCs is largely mediated by ASIC1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina M. Garcia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Lindsay M. Herbert
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Benjimen R. Walker
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Thomas C. Resta
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Nikki L. Jernigan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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Manoury B, Idres S, Leblais V, Fischmeister R. Ion channels as effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways: Functional relevance for arterial tone regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107499. [PMID: 32068004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous mediators and drugs regulate blood flow or arterial pressure by acting on vascular tone, involving cyclic nucleotide intracellular pathways. These signals lead to regulation of several cellular effectors, including ion channels that tune cell membrane potential, Ca2+ influx and vascular tone. The characterization of these vasocontrictive or vasodilating mechanisms has grown in complexity due to i) the variety of ion channels that are expressed in both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ii) the heterogeneity of responses among the various vascular beds, and iii) the number of molecular mechanisms involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling in health and disease. This review synthesizes key data from literature that highlight ion channels as physiologically relevant effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways in the vasculature, including the characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved. In smooth muscle cells, cation influx or chloride efflux through ion channels are associated with vasoconstriction, whereas K+ efflux repolarizes the cell membrane potential and mediates vasodilatation. Both categories of ion currents are under the influence of cAMP and cGMP pathways. Evidence that some ion channels are influenced by CN signalling in endothelial cells will also be presented. Emphasis will also be put on recent data touching a variety of determinants such as phosphodiesterases, EPAC and kinase anchoring, that complicate or even challenge former paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Manoury
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Sarah Idres
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum and calcium signaling in muscle cells: Homeostasis and disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 350:197-264. [PMID: 32138900 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum is an extensive, dynamic and heterogeneous membranous network that fulfills multiple homeostatic functions. Among them, it compartmentalizes, stores and releases calcium within the intracellular space. In the case of muscle cells, calcium released from the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum in the vicinity of the contractile machinery induces cell contraction. Furthermore, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum-derived calcium also regulates gene transcription in the nucleus, energy metabolism in mitochondria and cytosolic signaling pathways. These diverse and overlapping processes require a highly complex fine-tuning that the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum provides by means of its numerous tubules and cisternae, specialized domains and contacts with other organelles. The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum also possesses a rich calcium-handling machinery, functionally coupled to both contraction-inducing stimuli and the contractile apparatus. Such is the importance of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum for muscle cell physiology, that alterations in its structure, function or its calcium-handling machinery are intimately associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Cardiac hypertrophy, insulin resistance and arterial hypertension are age-related pathologies with a common mechanism at the muscle cell level: the accumulation of damaged proteins at the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum induces a stress response condition termed endoplasmic reticulum stress, which impairs proper organelle function, ultimately leading to pathogenesis.
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9
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Role of Orai1 and L-type Ca V1.2 channels in Endothelin-1 mediated coronary contraction under ischemia and reperfusion. Cell Calcium 2020; 86:102157. [PMID: 31926404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia and Reperfusion (I/R) injuries are associated with coronary artery hypercontracture. They are mainly originated by an exacerbated response to agonists released by endothelium such as Endothelin (ET-1), involving the alteration in intracellular calcium handling. Recent evidences have highlighted the implication of Store-Operated Calcium Channels (SOCC) in intracellular calcium homeostasis in coronary artery. However, little is known about the role of SOCC in the regulation of coronary vascular tone under I/R. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of SOCC and l-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC) in coronary artery vasoconstriction originated by ET-1 in I/R. We used Left Anterior Descendent coronary artery (LAD) rings, isolated from Wistar rats, to study the contractility and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) under a simulated I/R protocol. We observed that responses to high-KCL induced depolarization and caffeine-induced Ca2+ release are attenuated in coronary artery under I/R. Furthermore, ET-1 addition in ischemia promotes transient and small rise of [Ca2+]i and coronary vascular tone. Meanwhile, these effects are significantly potentiated during reperfusion. The resulting ET-1-induced vasoconstrictions and [Ca2+]i increase were abolished by; GSK-7975A and gadolinium, inhibitors of SOCC; and nifedipine a widely used inhibitor of LTCC. Interestingly, using in situ Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) in isolated coronary smooth muscle cells we found significant colocalization of LTCC CaV1.2 isoform with Orai1, the pore forming subunit of SOCC, and TRPC1 under I/R. Our data suggest that hypercontraction of coronary artery induced by ET-1 after I/R involves the co-activation of LTCC and SOCC, which colocalize significantly in the sarcolemma of coronary smooth muscle cells.
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10
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Avila-Medina J, Mayoral-González I, Galeano-Otero I, Redondo PC, Rosado JA, Smani T. Pathophysiological Significance of Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Cardiovascular and Skeletal Muscle Disorders and Angiogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:489-504. [PMID: 31646522 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry (SOCE) is an important Ca2+ influx pathway expressed by several excitable and non-excitable cell types. SOCE is recognized as relevant signaling pathway not only for physiological process, but also for its involvement in different pathologies. In fact, independent studies demonstrated the implication of essential protein regulating SOCE, such as STIM, Orai and TRPCs, in different pathogenesis and cell disorders, including cardiovascular disease, muscular dystrophies and angiogenesis. Compelling evidence showed that dysregulation in the function and/or expression of isoforms of STIM, Orai or TRPC play pivotal roles in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, vascular remodeling and hypertension, skeletal myopathies, and angiogenesis. In this chapter, we summarized the current knowledge concerning the mechanisms underlying abnormal SOCE and its involvement in some diseases, as well as, we discussed the significance of STIM, Orai and TRPC isoforms as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of angiogenesis, cardiovascular and skeletal muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Avila-Medina
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Mayoral-González
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Surgery, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Galeano-Otero
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro C Redondo
- Department of Physiology, Cell Physiology Research Group and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology, Cell Physiology Research Group and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Tarik Smani
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Duan JS, Chen S, Sun XQ, Du J, Chen ZW. Urotensin-#receptor antagonist SB-706375 protected isolated rat heart from ischaemia-reperfusion injury by attenuating myocardial necrosis via RhoA/ROCK/RIP3 signalling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:1309-1318. [PMID: 31168686 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SB-706375 is a selective receptor antagonist of human urotensin-II (hU-II), which can block the aorta contraction induced by hU-II in rats. The effect of SB-706375 on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is unclear. The major objective of this study was to investigate whether SB-706375 has a protective effect on myocardial I/R injury in rats and explore its possible mechanisms. Isolated hearts of Adult Sprague-Dawley were perfused in a Langendorff apparatus, and haemodynamic parameters, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), RhoA, and the protein expressions of U-II receptor (UTR), receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3), Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) were assessed. We found that SB-706375 (1 × 10-6 and 1 × 10-5 mol/L) significantly inhibited the changes of haemodynamic parameters and reduced LDH and CK-MB activities and also cTnI level in the coronary effluents in the heart subjected to myocardial I/R injury. Further experiments studies showed that SB-706375 obviously prevented myocardial I/R increased RhoA activity and UTR, RIP3, ROCK1, and ROCK2 protein expressions. ROCK inhibition abolished the improving effect of SB-706375 on myocardial I/R-induced haemodynamic change in the isolated perfused rat heart. These findings suggested that SB-706375 provides cardio-protection against I/R injury in isolated rats by blocking UTR-RhoA/ROCK-RIP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Si Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhi-Wu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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12
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Avila-Medina J, Mayoral-Gonzalez I, Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Gallardo-Castillo I, Ribas J, Ordoñez A, Rosado JA, Smani T. The Complex Role of Store Operated Calcium Entry Pathways and Related Proteins in the Function of Cardiac, Skeletal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Physiol 2018; 9:257. [PMID: 29618985 PMCID: PMC5872157 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells shared the common feature of contraction in response to different stimuli. Agonist-induced muscle's contraction is triggered by a cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration increase due to a rapid Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and a transmembrane Ca2+ influx, mainly through L-type Ca2+ channels. Compelling evidences have demonstrated that Ca2+ might also enter through other cationic channels such as Store-Operated Ca2+ Channels (SOCCs), involved in several physiological functions and pathological conditions. The opening of SOCCs is regulated by the filling state of the intracellular Ca2+ store, the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which communicates to the plasma membrane channels through the Stromal Interaction Molecule 1/2 (STIM1/2) protein. In muscle cells, SOCCs can be mainly non-selective cation channels formed by Orai1 and other members of the Transient Receptor Potential-Canonical (TRPC) channels family, as well as highly selective Ca2+ Release-Activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, formed exclusively by subunits of Orai proteins likely organized in macromolecular complexes. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the complex role of Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) pathways and related proteins in the function of cardiac, skeletal, and vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Avila-Medina
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Dominguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Ribas
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Ordoñez
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Cell Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Tarik Smani
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Urotensin II-induced store-operated Ca 2+ entry contributes to glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix protein production under high glucose conditions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:18049. [PMID: 29273760 PMCID: PMC5741753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) proliferation and matrix expansion are pathological hallmarks of a wide range of kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy. Although the circulating level of peptide hormone urotensin II (UII) and kidney tissue expression of UII and UII receptors (UTR) are increased in diabetic nephropathy, it remains unclear whether UII regulates GMC growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that UII-induced Ca2+ signaling controls GMC proliferation and ECM production under normal and high glucose conditions. Mouse GMCs cultured under normal glucose conditions proliferated and synthesized ECM proteins in response to stimulation by mouse UII. UII-induced GMC proliferation and ECM protein synthesis were dependent on TRPC4 channel-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and sequential activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and Ca2+/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription factor. Under high glucose conditions, GMCs synthesized UII. Moreover, proliferation and ECM production in high glucose-challenged GMCs were attenuated by selective UTR antagonist, TRPC4 channel blocker, and CaMKII and CREB-binding protein/p300 inhibitors. These findings indicate that UII-induced SOCE via TRPC4 channels stimulates CaMKII/CREB-dependent GMC proliferation and ECM protein production. Our data also suggest that UII synthesis contributes to GMC proliferation and ECM accumulation under high glucose conditions.
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14
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Xu J, Han Q, Shi H, Liu W, Chu T, Li H. Role of PKA in the process of neonatal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by urotensin II. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:499-504. [PMID: 28656205 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The model of urotensin II (UII)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy has been widely used in studies on hypertrophy. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for UII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy have not yet been fully elucidated. It has been demonstrated that cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by UII is associated with changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. In the present study, we investigated whether the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)‑mediated upregulation of the phosphorylation levels of phospholamban (PLN) at Ser16 contributes to UII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. After primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were exposed to UII for 48 h, cell size, protein/DNA contents and intracellular Ca2+ levels were detected. Western blot analysis was used to quantify the phosphorylated and total forms of PKA, PLN and the total amount of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)2a. UII increased the cell size, the protein/DNA ratio and the intracellular Ca2+ levels, consistent with the characteristics of hypertrophic response. In addition, exposure to UII upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PKA, and the expression levels of its downstream proteins, PLN and SERCA2a. However, treatment with PKA inhibitor (KT-5720) reversed all these effects of UII. On the whole, our results suggest that UII induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the PKA-mediated upregulation of PLN phosphorylation at Ser16, which provides a new experimental foundation for the prevention and/or treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Linfen People's Hospital, Linfen, Shanxi 041000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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15
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Kuang SJ, Qian JS, Yang H, Rao F, Chen XY, Zhang MZ, Shan ZX, Lin QX, Xue YM, Wu SL, Jiang L, Chen CB, Deng CY. The enhancement of TXA 2 receptors-mediated contractile response in intrarenal artery dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 805:93-100. [PMID: 28286123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study investigated the alterations in TXA2 receptor signal transduction in type 2 diabetic renal arteries. The contraction of renal arterial rings in control (db/m+) mice and type 2 diabetic (db/db) mice was measured by a Multi Myograph System. Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in vascular smooth muscle cells was measured by Fluo-4/AM dye and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to determine gene and protein expression levels, respectively. A stable TXA2 mimic U46619 caused markedly stronger dose-dependent contractions in the renal arteries of db/db mice than in those of db/m+ mice. This response was completely blocked by a TXA2 receptor antagonist GR32191 and significantly inhibited by U73122. U46619-induced vasoconstriction was increased in the presence of nifedipine in db/db mice compared with that in db/m+ mice, whereas the response to U46619 did not differ between the two groups in the presence of SKF96365. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release-mediated and CaCl2-induced contractions did not differ between the two groups. In db/db mice, store-operated Ca2+(SOC) entry-mediated contraction in the renal arteries and SOC entry-mediated Ca2+ influx in smooth muscle cells were significantly increased. And the gene and protein expressions of TXA2 receptors, Orai1 and Stim1 were upregulated in the diabetic renal arteries. Therefore the enhancement of U46619-induced contraction was mediated by the upregulation of TXA2 receptors and downstream signaling in the diabetic renal arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Juan Kuang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jie-Sheng Qian
- Department of Radiology, Intervention Radiology Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Fang Rao
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xin Shan
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Qiu-Xiong Lin
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yu-Mei Xue
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Li Jiang
- Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Chun-Bo Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Chun-Yu Deng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, PR China; Department of Medical Research, Guangdong General Hospital, PR China; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
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16
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Rosado JA. Introduction: Overview of the Pathophysiological Implications of Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Mammalian Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:391-395. [PMID: 28900925 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Since store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) was proposed by Putney three decades ago (Putney. Cell Calcium 7:1-12, 1986), its functional role and involvement in the pathophysiology of a number of disorders has been investigated. The role of SOCE in cell physiology has been discussed in the previous chapters, and the following part is devoted to the current knowledge concerning the mechanisms underlying the development of certain diseases that involve SOCE abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Rosado
- Cell Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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17
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Matsumoto T, Watanabe S, Kobayashi S, Ando M, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Age-Related Reduction of Contractile Responses to Urotensin II Is Seen in Aortas from Wistar Rats but Not from Type 2 Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats. Rejuvenation Res 2016; 20:134-145. [PMID: 27841739 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction is a common finding in type 2 diabetes, although the response to urotensin II (UII), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, remains unclear. We investigated whether a UII-induced contraction was increased in the aortas from type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats at the chronic stage. At 36 or 37 weeks of age (older group), a UII-induced contraction was seen in GK rats and was reduced by a Rho kinase inhibitor or urotensin receptor (UT) antagonist, whereas UII failed to induce a contraction in aortas from age-matched Wistar rats. In UII-stimulated aortas, the expression of Rho kinases, Rho A, and phosphorylated myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 did not change between the two groups; however, phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was greater in GK than in Wistar rats. Compared to intact aortas, UII-induced contractions were slightly, but not significantly, increased by endothelial denudation of the aortas of Wistar rats at 24 weeks of age. At 6 weeks of age (young group), the UII-induced contractions were seen in GK and Wistar groups. The total expression and the membrane-to-cytosol ratio of the UT protein slightly decreased in Wistar aortas with aging but not in GK aortas. These results demonstrate that the UII-induced contraction gradually decreased with aging in Wistar rats and was preserved in type 2 diabetes. Although alterations of UII-induced contractions during aging and type 2 diabetes may be associated with kinase activities (MAPKs or Rho kinase) or receptor profiles, further investigations are necessary to clarify the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ando
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Yang H, Kuang SJ, Rao F, Xue YM, Liu XY, Shan ZX, Li XH, Zhu JN, Zhou ZL, Zhang XJ, Lin QX, Yu XY, Deng CY. Species-specific differences in the role of L-type Ca²⁺ channels in the regulation of coronary arterial smooth muscle contraction. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:151-7. [PMID: 26497185 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The L-type calcium channel (LCC) plays a regulatory role in various physical and pathological processes. In the vasculature, LCCs mediate agonist-induced vascular smooth muscle contraction. However, whether LCC-mediated vessel responses to certain vasoconstrictors vary among species remains unclear. The coronary arteries were dissected from the hearts of rats and mice. Coronary arterial ring contraction was measured using the Multi Myograph system. High K+ (60 mM)-induced coronary artery contractions were stronger in rats than in mice, whereas CaCl2-induced contraction curves did not differ significantly between the two groups. Endothelin-1, U46619 (thromboxane A2 receptor agonist), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) induced concentration-dependent vasoconstriction of coronary arterial rings in rats and mice. The vessel rings of mice were more sensitive to ET-1 and U46619 and less sensitive to 5-HT than those of rats. The LCC blocker nifedipine significantly inhibited coronary artery contractions induced by ET-1, U46619, and 5-HT. The inhibitory effect of 1 μM nifedipine on ET-1- and 5-HT-induced coronary artery contractions was stronger in mice than in rats, whereas its effect on U46619-induced vessel contractions was weaker in mice than in rats. The 5-HT2A receptor and LCC mRNA levels were higher in the coronary arteries of rats than in those of mice, whereas the expressions of the ETA and TXA2 receptors and Orai1 mRNA levels were comparable between the two groups. LCC plays an important role in coronary arterial contraction. Rats and mice show different responses to vasoconstrictors and LCC blockers, suggesting that the coronary arteries of rats and mice have different biological characteristics.
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Chen M, Li J, Jiang F, Fu J, Xia X, Du J, Hu M, Huang J, Shen B. Orai1 forms a signal complex with BKCa channel in mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/1/e12682. [PMID: 26755740 PMCID: PMC4760400 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Orai1, a specific nonvoltage‐gated Ca2+ channel, has been found to be one of key molecules involved in store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Orai1 may associate with other proteins to form a signaling complex, which is essential for regulating a variety of physiological functions. In this study, we studied the possible interaction between Orai1 and large conductance Ca2+‐activated potassium channel (BKCa). Using RNA interference technique, we demonstrated that the SOCE and its associated membrane hyperpolarization were markedly suppressed after knockdown of Orai1 with a specific Orai1 siRNA in rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle. Moreover, isometric tension measurements showed that agonist‐induced vasocontraction was increased after Orai1 was knocked down or the tissue was incubated with BKCa blocker iberiotoxin. Coimmunoprecipitation data revealed that BKCa and Orai1 could reciprocally pull down each other. In situ proximity ligation assay further demonstrated that Orai1 and BKCa are in close proximity. Taken together, these results indicate that Orai1 physically associates with BKCa to form a signaling complex in the rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle. Ca2+ influx via Orai1 stimulates BKCa, leading to membrane hyperpolarization. This hyperpolarizing effect of Orai1‐BKCa coupling could contribute to reduce agonist‐induced membrane depolarization, therefore preventing excessive contraction of the rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle in response to contractile agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Chen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Feifei Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The people's hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianming Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhao Huang
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China Central Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Ávila-Medina J, Calderón-Sánchez E, González-Rodríguez P, Monje-Quiroga F, Rosado JA, Castellano A, Ordóñez A, Smani T. Orai1 and TRPC1 Proteins Co-localize with CaV1.2 Channels to Form a Signal Complex in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21148-21159. [PMID: 27535226 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.742171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent CaV1.2 L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC) are the main route for calcium entry in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Several studies have also determined the relevant role of store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCC) in vascular tone regulation. Nevertheless, the role of Orai1- and TRPC1-dependent SOCC in vascular tone regulation and their possible interaction with CaV1.2 are still unknown. The current study sought to characterize the co-activation of SOCC and LTCC upon stimulation by agonists, and to determine the possible crosstalk between Orai1, TRPC1, and CaV1.2. Aorta rings and isolated VSMC obtained from wild type or smooth muscle-selective conditional CaV1.2 knock-out (CaV1.2KO) mice were used to study vascular contractility, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and distribution of ion channels. We found that serotonin (5-HT) or store depletion with thapsigargin (TG) enhanced intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and stimulated aorta contraction. These responses were sensitive to LTCC and SOCC inhibitors. Also, 5-HT- and TG-induced responses were significantly attenuated in CaV1.2KO mice. Furthermore, hyperpolarization induced with cromakalim or valinomycin significantly reduced both 5-HT and TG responses, whereas these responses were enhanced with LTCC agonist Bay-K-8644. Interestingly, in situ proximity ligation assay revealed that CaV1.2 interacts with Orai1 and TRPC1 in untreated VSMC. These interactions enhanced significantly after stimulation of cells with 5-HT and TG. Therefore, these data indicate for the first time a functional interaction between Orai1, TRPC1, and CaV1.2 channels in VSMC, confirming that upon agonist stimulation, vessel contraction involves Ca2+ entry due to co-activation of Orai1- and TRPC1-dependent SOCC and LTCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ávila-Medina
- From the Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica and Groupo de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Calderón-Sánchez
- Groupo de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Monje-Quiroga
- the Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria, and
| | - Juan Antonio Rosado
- the Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Ordóñez
- Groupo de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Tarik Smani
- From the Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica and Groupo de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain,
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Urotensin II induction of neonatal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy involves the CaMKII/PLN/SERCA 2a signaling pathway. Gene 2016; 583:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Spinelli AM, Trebak M. Orai channel-mediated Ca2+ signals in vascular and airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C402-13. [PMID: 26718630 PMCID: PMC4796280 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00355.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Orai (Orai1, Orai2, and Orai3) proteins form a family of highly Ca(2+)-selective plasma membrane channels that are regulated by stromal-interacting molecules (STIM1 and STIM2); STIM proteins are Ca(2+) sensors located in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. STIM and Orai proteins are expressed in vascular and airway smooth muscle and constitute the molecular components of the ubiquitous store-operated Ca(2+) entry pathway that mediate the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) current. STIM/Orai proteins also encode store-independent Ca(2+) entry pathways in smooth muscle. Altered expression and function of STIM/Orai proteins have been linked to vascular and airway pathologies, including restenosis, hypertension, and atopic asthma. In this review we discuss our current understanding of Orai proteins and the store-dependent and -independent signaling pathways mediated by these proteins in vascular and airway smooth muscle. We also discuss the current studies linking altered expression and function of Orai proteins with smooth muscle-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Spinelli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Smani T, Domínguez-Rodriguez A, Callejo-García P, Rosado JA, Avila-Medina J. Phospholipase A2 as a Molecular Determinant of Store-Operated Calcium Entry. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:111-31. [PMID: 27161227 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Activation of phospholipases A2 (PLA2) leads to the generation of biologically active lipid products that can affect numerous cellular events. Ca(2+)-independent PLA2 (iPLA2), also called group VI phospholipase A2, is one of the main types forming the superfamily of PLA2. Beside of its role in phospholipid remodeling, iPLA2 has been involved in intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis regulation. Several studies proposed iPLA2 as an essential molecular player of store operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in a large number of excitable and non-excitable cells. iPLA2 activation releases lysophosphatidyl products, which were suggested as agonists of store operated calcium channels (SOCC) and other TRP channels. Herein, we will review the important role of iPLA2 on the intracellular Ca(2+) handling focusing on its role in SOCE regulation and its implication in physiological and/or pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Smani
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, 41013, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Domínguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Paula Callejo-García
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Avila-Medina
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
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Albarran L, Lopez JJ, Salido GM, Rosado JA. Historical Overview of Store-Operated Ca(2+) Entry. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:3-24. [PMID: 27161222 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Calcium influx is an essential mechanism for the activation of cellular functions both in excitable and non-excitable cells. In non-excitable cells, activation of phospholipase C by occupation of G protein-coupled receptors leads to the generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), which, in turn, initiate two Ca(2+) entry pathways: Ca(2+) release from intracellular Ca(2+) stores, signaled by IP3, leads to the activation of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE); on the other hand, DAG activates a distinct second messenger-operated pathway. SOCE is regulated by the filling state of the intracellular calcium stores. The search for the molecular components of SOCE has identified the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) as the Ca(2+) sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum and Orai1 as a store-operated channel (SOC) subunit. Furthermore, a number of reports have revealed that several members of the TRPC family of channels also take part of the SOC macromolecular complex. This introductory chapter summarizes the early pieces of evidence that led to the concept of SOCE and the components of the store-operated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Albarran
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ginés M Salido
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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Song K, Zhong XG, Xia XM, Huang JH, Fan YF, Yuan RX, Xue NR, Du J, Han WX, Xu AM, Shen B. Orai1 forms a signal complex with SK3 channel in gallbladder smooth muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 466:456-62. [PMID: 26367175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Orai1 is one of the key components of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) involved in diverse physiological functions. Orai1 may associate with other proteins to form a signaling complex. In the present study, we investigated the interaction between Orai1 and small conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel 3 (SK3). With the use of RNA interference technique, we found that the SOCE and its associated membrane hyperpolarization were reduced while Orai1 was knocked down by a specific Orai1 siRNA in guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle. However, with the use of isometric tension measurements, our results revealed that agonist-induced muscle contractility was significantly enhanced after Orai1 protein was knocked down or the tissue was treated by SK3 inhibitor apamin, but not affected by larger conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel inhibitor iberiotoxin or intermediate conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel inhibitor TRAM-34. In addition, in the presence of apamin, Orai1 siRNA had no additional effect on agonist-induced contraction. In coimmunoprecipitation experiment, SK3 and Orai1 pulled down each other. These data suggest that, Orai1 physically associated with SK3 to form a signaling complex in gallbladder smooth muscle. Ca(2+) entry via Orai1 activates SK3, resulting in membrane hyperpolarization in gallbladder smooth muscle. This hyperpolarizing effect of Orai1-SK3 coupling could serve to prevent excessive contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle in response to contractile agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xing-Guo Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Heifei, Anhui, 230041, China
| | - Xian-Ming Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
| | - Yi-Fei Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ren-Xiang Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Nai-Rui Xue
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - A-Man Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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Liu W, Han Q, Liu Q, Liang G, Wang J, Liu C. An investigation into the expression and mechanism of action of urotensin II in chronic pressure-overloaded rat hearts. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6626-34. [PMID: 26323194 PMCID: PMC4626172 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the role and mode of action of urotensin II (U II) in the occurrence and progression of cardiac fibrosis in a pressure-overload rat model. Coarctation of the abdominal aorta was used to establish an animal model, and postoperative echocardiography, hemodynamic detection, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry were performed to assess the changes in cardiac function and pathology. The expression levels of U II, G-protein-coupled receptor 14 and collagen (Col) I and Col III in the myocardial tissues were also analyzed. Neonatal rat fibroblasts were isolated, cultured and subsequently, generations 3–5 were randomly divided into different groups for the detection of Col I and Col III levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. The protein expression levels were markedly increased in the model group, and this increase correlated with an increase in myocardial fibrosis. In cultured neonatal rat fibroblast cells, 10−8 mol/l U II significantly stimulated the synthesis of Col I and Col III (P<0.01) compared with the control group. Compared with the U II group, the administration of KT5720 (1 mol/l) or SB-611812 (1 mol/l) significantly reduced the synthesis and expression levels of Col I and Col III (P<0.05). U II may exert an important role in the process of myocardial fibrosis in chronic pressure-overload rats, and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway may be partly involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Teaching and Research Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Teaching and Research Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chengfang Liu
- Teaching and Research Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Redondo PC, Rosado JA. Store-operated calcium entry: unveiling the calcium handling signalplex. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 316:183-226. [PMID: 25805125 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is an important mechanism for Ca(2+) influx in non-excitable cells, also present in excitable cells. The activation of store-operated channels (SOCs) is finely regulated by the filling state of the intracellular agonist-sensitive Ca(2+) compartments, and both, the mechanism of sensing the Ca(2+) stores and the nature and functional properties of the SOCs, have been a matter of intense investigation and debate. The identification of STIM1 as the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sensor and both Orai1, as the pore-forming subunit of the channels mediating the Ca(2+)-selective store-operated current, and the members of the TRPC subfamily of proteins, as the channels mediating the cation-permeable SOCs, has shed new light on the underlying events. This review summarizes the initial hypothesis and the current advances on the mechanism of activation of SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro C Redondo
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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28
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Deng CY, Yang H, Kuang SJ, Rao F, Xue YM, Zhou ZL, Liu XY, Shan ZX, Li XH, Lin QX, Wu SL, Yu XY. Upregulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor signaling in coronary arteries after organ culture. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107128. [PMID: 25202989 PMCID: PMC4159325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a powerful constrictor of coronary arteries and is considered to be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of coronary-artery spasm. However, the mechanism of enhancement of coronary-artery constriction to 5-HT during the development of coronary artery disease remains to be elucidated. Organ culture of intact blood-vessel segments has been suggested as a model for the phenotypic changes of smooth muscle cells in cardiovascular disease. Methodology/Principal Findings We wished to characterize 5-HT receptor-induced vasoconstriction and quantify expression of 5-HT receptor signaling in cultured rat coronary arteries. Cumulative application of 5-HT produced a concentration-dependent vasoconstriction in fresh and 24 h-cultured rat coronary arteries without endothelia. 5-HT induced greater constriction in cultured coronary arteries than in fresh coronary arteries. U46619- and CaCl2-induced constriction in the two groups was comparable. 5-HT stimulates the 5-HT2A receptor and cascade of phospholipase C to induce coronary vasoconstriction. Calcium influx through L-type calcium channels and non-L-type calcium channels contributed to the coronary-artery constrictions induced by 5-HT. The contractions mediated by non-L-type calcium channels were significantly enhanced in cultured coronary arteries compared with fresh coronary arteries. The vasoconstriction induced by thapsigargin was also augmented in cultured coronary arteries. The decrease in Orai1 expression significantly inhibited 5-HT-evoked entry of Ca2+ in coronary artery cells. Expression of the 5-HT2A receptor, Orai1 and STIM1 were augmented in cultured coronary arteries compared with fresh coronary arteries. Conclusions An increased contraction in response to 5-HT was mediated by the upregulation of 5-HT2A receptors and downstream signaling in cultured coronary arteries.
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MESH Headings
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Channels/genetics
- Calcium Channels/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- ORAI1 Protein
- Organ Culture Techniques/methods
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Serotonin/genetics
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
- Thapsigargin/pharmacology
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstriction/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Deng
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Su-Juan Kuang
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fang Rao
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Mei Xue
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhou
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Liu
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xin Shan
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Xiong Lin
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (SLW); (XYY)
| | - Xi-Yong Yu
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (SLW); (XYY)
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Kassan M, Zhang W, Aissa KA, Stolwijk J, Trebak M, Matrougui K. Differential role for stromal interacting molecule 1 in the regulation of vascular function. Pflugers Arch 2014; 467:1195-202. [PMID: 24965067 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1556-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We determined the in vivo role of stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) in the regulation of vascular function using endothelial cell (EC)- and smooth-muscle (SM)-specific knockout mice. Systolic blood pressure and glucose levels were similar in all mice (Stim1(SMC-/-), Stim1(SMC-/+), Stim1(EC-/-), Stim1(EC-/+)), but body weight was reduced in Stim1(EC-/-) and Stim1(SMC-/-) mice. The contraction of arteries in response to phenylephrine was significantly reduced in Stim1(SMC-/-) mice only. However, contraction to thromboxane and KCl was similar in all groups. The endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) was impaired in Stim1(EC-/+) and drastically reduced in Stim1(EC-/-) mice while the endothelium-independent vasorelaxation was similar among all groups. Acute downregulation of STIM1 in arteries reduced EDR and the contractile response to phenylephrine, while the contractile response to thromboxane was not affected. NADPH oxidase activity was increased only in Stim1(EC-/+) and Stim1(EC-/-) mice. Calcium (Ca(2+)) entry in endothelial cells stimulated with thrombin and histamine had the pharmacological features of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and was dependent on STIM1 expression. We conclude that STIM1 plays opposing roles in vascular smooth muscle vs. endothelial cells in the regulation of vascular reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modar Kassan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA
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ADEBIYI ADEBOWALE. RGS2 regulates urotensin II-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation and contraction in glomerular mesangial cells. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:502-11. [PMID: 24105430 PMCID: PMC11250777 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), a vasoactive peptide modulates renal hemodynamics. However, the physiological functions of UII in glomerular cells are unclear. In particular, whether UII alters mesangial tone remains largely unknown. The present study investigates the physiological effects of UII on glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs). This study also tested the hypothesis that the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) controls UII receptor (UTR) activity in GMCs. RT-PCR, Western immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence revealed UTR expression in cultured murine GMCs. Mouse UII (mUII) stimulated Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores and activated store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in the cells. mUII also caused a reduction in planar GMC surface area. mUII-induced [Ca(2+)]i elevation and contraction were attenuated by SB 657510, a UTR antagonist, araguspongin B, an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor antagonist, thapsigargin, a sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, and La(3+), a store-operated Ca(2+) channel blocker, but not nimodipine, an L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker. In situ proximity ligation assay indicated molecular proximity between endogenous RGS2 and UTR in the cells. Treatment of GMCs with mUII elevated plasma membrane expression of RGS2 by ∼2-fold. mUII also increased the interaction between RGS2 and UTR in the cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of RGS2 in murine GMCs increased mUII-induced [Ca(2+)]i elevation and contraction by ∼35 and 31%, respectively. These findings indicate that mUII-induced SOCE results in murine GMC contraction. These data also suggest that UTR activation stimulates RGS2 recruitment to GMC plasma membrane as a negative feedback mechanism to regulate UTR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- ADEBOWALE ADEBIYI
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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31
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Goulopoulou S, Webb RC. Symphony of vascular contraction: how smooth muscle cells lose harmony to signal increased vascular resistance in hypertension. Hypertension 2014; 63:e33-9. [PMID: 24470463 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.02444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, 1120 Fifteenth St, Augusta, GA 30912.
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Rodríguez-Moyano M, Díaz I, Dionisio N, Zhang X, Avila-Medina J, Calderón-Sánchez E, Trebak M, Rosado JA, Ordóñez A, Smani T. Urotensin-II promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through store-operated calcium entry and EGFR transactivation. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 100:297-306. [PMID: 23933581 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Urotensin-II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide that promotes vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, restenosis, and vascular remodelling. This study aimed to determine the role of calcium (Ca(2+))-dependent signalling and alternative signalling pathways in UII-evoked VSMCs proliferation focusing on store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and epithelium growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation. METHODS AND RESULTS We used primary cultures of VSMCs isolated from Wistar rat aorta to investigate the effects of UII on intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, and proliferation determined by the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. We found that UII enhanced intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) which was significantly reduced by classical SOCE inhibitors and by knockdown of essential components of the SOCE such as stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), Orai1, or TRPC1. Moreover, UII activated a Gd(3+)-sensitive current with similar features of the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) current (ICRAC). Additionally, UII stimulated VSMCs proliferation and Ca(2+)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation through the SOCE pathway that involved STIM1, Orai1, and TRPC1. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that UII promoted the association between Orai1 and STIM1, and between Orai1 and TRPC1. Moreover, we determined that EGFR transactivation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signalling pathways were involved in both UII-mediated Ca(2+) influx, CREB activation and VSMCs proliferation. CONCLUSION Our data show for the first time that UII-induced VSMCs proliferation and CREB activation requires a complex signalling pathway that involves on the one hand SOCE mediated by STIM1, Orai1, and TRPC1, and on the other hand EGFR, ERK, and CaMK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez-Moyano
- Group of Cardiovascular Physiopathology Lab 113, Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Sevilla, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, Sevilla 41013, Spain
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33
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Abstract
Renal expression of the peptide hormone urotensin II (UII) and its receptor (UTR) are dependent on kidney maturation and anatomical regions. However, renal regional hemodynamic effects of UII in neonates are unclear. Here, we investigated regional hemodynamic responses to acute intrarenal arterial administration of UII in newborn pigs. Western immunoblotting and immunofluorescence confirmed UTR expression and membrane localization in newborn pig renal afferent arterioles and afferent arteriolar smooth muscle cells respectively. Intrarenal arterial bolus injections of human UII (hUII; 1-100 ng/kg) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in total renal blood flow (RBF) and an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) in newborn pigs. Moreover, hUII dose dependently reduced cortical blood flow (CBF) but increased medullary blood flow (MBF) in the piglets. hUII-induced MAP elevation and hemodynamic changes were inhibited by urantide, a UTR antagonist, but not losartan, a type 1 angiotensin II receptor antagonist. U-73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, an inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP₃) receptor antagonist, attenuated hUII-induced MAP and RVR elevations, RBF and CBF reductions, but not MBF increase. These findings indicate that intrarenal arterial administration of hUII elevates blood pressure and induces region-selective renal hemodynamic changes in newborn pigs. Our data also suggest that the PLC/IP₃ signaling pathway contributes to hUII-induced alterations in MAP, RBF, RVR, and CBF but not MBF in newborn pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Soni
- Department of Physiology, , University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
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Homers regulate calcium entry and aggregation in human platelets: a role for Homers in the association between STIM1 and Orai1. Biochem J 2012; 445:29-38. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20120471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Homer is a family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins that play different roles in cell function, including the regulation of G-protein-coupled receptors. These proteins contain an Ena (Enabled)/VASP (vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein) homology 1 domain that binds to the PPXXF sequence motif, which is present in different Ca2+-handling proteins such as IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate) receptors and TRPC (transient receptor potential canonical) channels. In the present study we show evidence for a role of Homer proteins in the STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1)–Orai1 association, as well as in the TRPC1–IP3RII (type II IP3 receptor) interaction, which might be of relevance in platelet function. Treatment of human platelets with thapsigargin or thrombin results in a Ca2+-independent association of Homer1 with TRPC1 and IP3RII. In addition, thapsigargin and thrombin enhanced the association of Homer1 with STIM1 and Orai1 in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Interference with Homer function by introduction of the synthetic PPKKFR peptide into cells, which emulates the proline-rich sequences of the PPXXF motif, reduced STIM1–Orai1 and TRPC1– IP3RII associations, as compared with the introduction of the inactive PPKKRR peptide. The PPKKFR peptide attenuates thrombin-evoked Ca2+ entry and the maintenance of thapsigargin-induced store-operated Ca2+ entry. Finally, the PPKKFR peptide attenuated thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. The findings of the present study support an important role for Homer proteins in thrombin-stimulated platelet function, which is likely to be mediated by the support of agonist-induced Ca2+ entry.
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Orai1 calcium channels in the vasculature. Pflugers Arch 2012; 463:635-47. [PMID: 22402985 PMCID: PMC3323825 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-012-1090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Orai1 was discovered in T cells as a calcium-selective channel that is activated by store depletion. Recent studies suggest that it is expressed and functionally important also in blood vessels, not only because haematopoietic cells can incorporate in the vascular wall but also because Orai1 is expressed and functional in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. This article summarises the arising observations in this new area of vascular research and debates underlying issues and challenges for future investigations. The primary focus is on vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Specific topics include Orai1 expression; Orai1 roles in store-operated calcium entry and ionic currents of store-depleted cells; blockade of Orai1-related signals by Synta 66 and other pharmacology; activation or regulation of Orai1-related signals by physiological substances and compartments; stromal interaction molecules and the relationship of Orai1 to other ion channels, transporters and pumps; transient receptor potential canonical channels and their contribution to store-operated calcium entry; roles of Orai1 in vascular tone, remodelling, thrombus formation and inflammation; and Orai2 and Orai3. Overall, the observations suggest the existence of an additional, previously unrecognised, calcium channel of the vascular wall that is functionally important particularly in remodelling but probably also in certain vasoconstrictor contexts.
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Barrette PO, Schwertani AG. A closer look at the role of urotensin II in the metabolic syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:165. [PMID: 23293629 PMCID: PMC3531708 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide that was first discovered in the teleost fish, and later in mammals and humans. UII binds to the G protein coupled receptor GPR14 (now known as UT). UII mediates important physiological and pathological actions by interacting with its receptor. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is described as cluster of factors such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance (IR), further leading to development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. UII levels are upregulated in patients with the MetS. Evidence directly implicating UII in every risk factor of the MetS has been accumulated. The mechanism that links the different aspects of the MetS relies primarily on IR and inflammation. By directly modulating both of these factors, UII is thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of the MetS. Moreover, UII also plays an important role in hypertension and hyperlipidemia thereby contributing to cardiovascular complications associated with the MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adel Giaid Schwertani
- *Correspondence: Adel Giaid Schwertani, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room C9-166, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4. e-mail:
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