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Bartkowiak K, Bartkowiak M, Jankowska-Steifer E, Ratajska A, Kujawa M, Aniołek O, Niderla-Bielińska J. Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiac Vessel Remodeling Associated with Vessel Rarefaction: A Possible Underlying Mechanism May Result from a Poor Angiogenic Response to Altered VEGF Signaling Pathways. J Vasc Res 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38615659 DOI: 10.1159/000538361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated mortality rates in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are partly due to adverse remodeling of multiple organs, which may lead to cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney failure, or other conditions. MetS symptoms, such as obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, associated with insulin and leptin resistance, are recognized as major cardiovascular risk factors that adversely affect the heart. SUMMARY Pathological cardiac remodeling is accompanied by endothelial cell dysfunction which may result in diminished coronary flow, dysregulated oxygen demand/supply balance, as well as vessel rarefaction. The reduced number of vessels and delayed or inhibited formation of collaterals after myocardial infarction in MetS heart may be due to unfavorable changes in endothelial cell metabolism but also to altered expression of vascular endothelial growth factor molecules, their receptors, and changes in signal transduction from the cell membrane, which severely affect angiogenesis. KEY MESSAGES Given the established role of cardiac vessel endothelial cells in maintaining tissue homeostasis, defining the molecular background underlying vessel dysfunction associated with impaired angiogenesis is of great importance for future therapeutic purposes. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to present current information regarding vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in the myocardium of MetS individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Bartkowiak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bartkowiak
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Jankowska-Steifer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ratajska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Kujawa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Aniołek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland
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Bai W, Guo T, Wang H, Li B, Sun Q, Wu W, Zhang J, Zhou J, Luo J, Zhu M, Lu J, Li P, Dong B, Han S, Pang X, Zhang G, Bai Y, Wang S. S-nitrosylation of AMPKγ impairs coronary collateral circulation and disrupts VSMC reprogramming. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:128-143. [PMID: 38177907 PMCID: PMC10897329 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Collateral circulation is essential for blood resupply to the ischemic heart, which is dictated by the contractile phenotypic restoration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Here we investigate whether S-nitrosylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of the VSMC phenotype, impairs collateral circulation. In rats with collateral growth and development, nitroglycerin decreases coronary collateral blood flow (CCBF), inhibits vascular contractile phenotypic restoration, and increases myocardial infarct size, accompanied by reduced AMPK activity in the collateral zone. Nitric oxide (NO) S-nitrosylates human recombinant AMPKγ1 at cysteine 131 and decreases AMP sensitivity of AMPK. In VSMCs, exogenous expression of S-nitrosylation-resistant AMPKγ1 or deficient NO synthase (iNOS) prevents the disruption of VSMC reprogramming. Finally, hyperhomocysteinemia or hyperglycemia increases AMPKγ1 S-nitrosylation, prevents vascular contractile phenotypic restoration, reduces CCBF, and increases the infarct size of the heart in Apoe-/- mice, all of which is rescued in Apoe-/-/iNOSsm-/- mice or Apoe-/- mice with enforced expression of the AMPKγ1-C130A mutant following RI/MI. We conclude that nitrosative stress disrupts coronary collateral circulation during hyperhomocysteinemia or hyperglycemia through AMPK S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Bai
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Han Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wanzhou Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxiong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jipeng Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingmin Luo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Moli Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Junxiu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shufang Han
- Department of Cardiology, The 960th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyan Pang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Coronary Circulation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Shuangxi Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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Mendivil-Alvarado H, Limon-Miro AT, Carvajal-Millan E, Lizardi-Mendoza J, Mercado-Lara A, Coronado-Alvarado CD, Rascón-Durán ML, Anduro-Corona I, Talamás-Lara D, Rascón-Careaga A, Astiazarán-García H. Extracellular Vesicles and Their Zeta Potential as Future Markers Associated with Nutrition and Molecular Biomarkers in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076810. [PMID: 37047783 PMCID: PMC10094966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A nutritional intervention promotes the loss of body and visceral fat while maintaining muscle mass in breast cancer patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their characteristics can be potential biomarkers of disease. Here, we explore the changes in the Zeta potential of EVs; the content of miRNA-30, miRNA-145, and miRNA-155; and their association with body composition and biomarkers of metabolic risk in breast cancer patients, before and 6 months after a nutritional intervention. Clinicopathological data (HER2neu, estrogen receptor, and Ki67), anthropometric and body composition data, and plasma samples were available from a previous study. Plasma EVs were isolated and characterized in 16 patients. The expression of miRNA-30, miRNA-145, and miRNA-155 was analyzed. The Zeta potential was associated with HER2neu (β = 2.1; p = 0.00), Ki67 (β = -1.39; p = 0.007), estrogen positive (β = 1.57; p = 0.01), weight (β = -0.09; p = 0.00), and visceral fat (β = 0.004; p = 0.00). miRNA-30 was associated with LDL (β = -0.012; p = 0.01) and HDL (β = -0.02; p = 0.05). miRNA-155 was associated with visceral fat (β = -0.0007; p = 0.05) and Ki67 (β = -0.47; p = 0.04). Our results reveal significant associations between the expression of miRNA-30 and miRNA-155 and the Zeta potential of the EVs with biomarkers of metabolic risk and disease prognosis in women with breast cancer; particularly, the Zeta potential of EVs can be a new biomarker sensitive to changes in the nutritional status and breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Teresa Limon-Miro
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Araceli Mercado-Lara
- Undersecretariat of Prevention and Health Promotion, Secretary of Health of the Government of Mexico, Mexico City 11570, Mexico
| | | | - María L Rascón-Durán
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Iván Anduro-Corona
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Daniel Talamás-Lara
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, IPN, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Antonio Rascón-Careaga
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Humberto Astiazarán-García
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
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4
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Pascale JV, Wolf A, Kadish Y, Diegisser D, Kulaprathazhe MM, Yemane D, Ali S, Kim N, Baruch DE, Yahaya MAF, Dirice E, Adebesin AM, Falck JR, Schwartzman ML, Garcia V. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE): Bioactions, receptors, vascular function, cardiometabolic disease and beyond. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 97:229-255. [PMID: 37236760 PMCID: PMC10683332 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Vascular function is dynamically regulated and dependent on a bevy of cell types and factors that work in concert across the vasculature. The vasoactive eicosanoid, 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a key player in this system influencing the sensitivity of the vasculature to constrictor stimuli, regulating endothelial function, and influencing the renin angiotensin system (RAS), as well as being a driver of vascular remodeling independent of blood pressure elevations. Several of these bioactions are accomplished through the ligand-receptor pairing between 20-HETE and its high-affinity receptor, GPR75. This 20-HETE axis is at the root of various vascular pathologies and processes including ischemia induced angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, septic shock, hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and cardiometabolic diseases including diabetes and insulin resistance. Pharmacologically, several preclinical tools have been developed to disrupt the 20-HETE axis including 20-HETE synthesis inhibitors (DDMS and HET0016), synthetic 20-HETE agonist analogues (20-5,14-HEDE and 20-5,14-HEDGE) and 20-HETE receptor blockers (AAA and 20-SOLA). Systemic or cell-specific therapeutic targeting of the 20-HETE-GPR75 axis continues to be an invaluable approach as studies examine the molecular underpinnings activated by 20-HETE under various physiological settings. In particular, the development and characterization of 20-HETE receptor blockers look to be a promising new class of compounds that can provide a considerable benefit to patients suffering from these cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan V Pascale
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Wolf
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yonaton Kadish
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Danielle Diegisser
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - Danait Yemane
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Samir Ali
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Namhee Kim
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - David E Baruch
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Muhamad Afiq Faisal Yahaya
- Department of Basic Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Adeniyi M Adebesin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Michal L Schwartzman
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.
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5
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MicroRNAs in T Cell-Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010250. [PMID: 36613706 PMCID: PMC9820302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as master regulators of gene expression in homeostasis and disease. Despite the rapidly growing body of evidence on the theranostic potential of restoring miRNA levels in pre-clinical models, the translation into clinics remains limited. Here, we review the current knowledge of miRNAs as T-cell targeting immunotherapeutic tools, and we offer an overview of the recent advances in miRNA delivery strategies, clinical trials and future perspectives in RNA interference technologies.
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6
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Pouya FD, Rasmi Y, Gazouli M, Zografos E, Nemati M. MicroRNAs as therapeutic targets in breast cancer metastasis. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:1029-1046. [PMID: 33987801 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease with multiple risk factors involved in its pathogenesis. Among these factors, microRNAs are considered for playing a fundamental role in the development and progression of malignant breast tumors. In recent years, various studies have demonstrated that several microRNAs exhibit increased or decreased expression in metastatic breast cancer, acting as indicators of metastatic potential in body fluids and tissue samples. The identification of these microRNA expression patterns could prove instrumental for the development of novel therapeutic molecules that either mimic or inhibit microRNA action. Additionally, an efficient delivery system mediated by viral vectors, nonviral carriers, or scaffold biomaterials is a prerequisite for implementing microRNA-based therapies; therefore, this review attempts to highlight essential microRNA molecules involved in the metastatic process of breast cancer and discuss recent advances in microRNA-based therapeutic approaches with potential future applications to the treatment sequence of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Danesh Pouya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Zografos
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Mohadeseh Nemati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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7
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Huang X, Jie S, Li W, Li H, Ni J, Liu C. miR-122-5p targets GREM2 to protect against glucocorticoid-induced endothelial damage through the BMP signaling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 544:111541. [PMID: 34973370 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) accounts for a big portion of non-traumatic ONFH; nevertheless, the pathogenesis has not yet been fully understood. GC-induced endothelial dysfunction might be a major contributor to ONFH progression. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset was analyzed to identify deregulated miRNAs in ONFH; among deregulated miRNAs, the physiological functions of miR-122-5p on ONFH and endothelial dysfunction remain unclear. In the present study, miR-122-5p showed to be under-expressed within GC-induced ONFH femoral head tissues and GC-stimulated bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and BMECs, GC stimulation significantly repressed cell viability, promoted cell apoptosis and increased the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ. After overexpressing miR-122-5p, GC-induced endothelial injuries were attenuated, as manifested by rescued cell viability, cell migration, and tube formation capacity. Regarding the BMP signaling, GC decreased the protein levels of BMP-2/6/7 and SMAD-1/5/8, whereas miR-122-5p overexpression significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of GC on these proteins. Online tool and experimental analyses revealed the direct binding between miR-122-5p and GREM2, a specific antagonist of BMP-2. In contrast to miR-122-5p overexpression, GREM2 overexpression aggravated GC-induced endothelial injury; GREM2 silencing partially eliminated the effects of miR-122-5p inhibition on GC-stimulated HUVECs and BMECs. Finally, GREM2 silencing reversed the suppressive effects of GC on BMP-2/6/7 and SMAD-1/5/8, and attenuated the effects of miR-122-5p inhibition on these proteins upon GC stimulation. Conclusively, the present study demonstrates a miR-122-5p/GREM2 axis modulating the GC-induced endothelial damage via the BMP/SMAD signaling. Considering the critical role of endothelial function in ONFH pathogenesis, the in vivo role and clinical application of the miR-122-5p/GREM2 axis is worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shuo Jie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wenzhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangdong Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Chan Liu
- Department of International Medical, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Pascale JV, Lucchesi PA, Garcia V. Unraveling the Role of 12- and 20- HETE in Cardiac Pathophysiology: G-Protein-Coupled Receptors, Pharmacological Inhibitors, and Transgenic Approaches. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:707-717. [PMID: 34016841 PMCID: PMC8523029 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators play crucial roles in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Eicosanoid metabolites generated by lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 enzymes produce several classes of molecules, including the epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) family of bioactive lipids. In general, the cardioprotective effects of EETs have been documented across a number of cardiac diseases. In contrast, members of the HETE family have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemic cardiac disease, maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. The net effect of 12(S)- and 20-HETE depends upon the relative amounts generated, ratio of HETEs:EETs produced, timing of synthesis, as well as cellular and subcellular mechanisms activated by each respective metabolite. HETEs are synthesized by and affect multiple cell types within the myocardium. Moreover, cytochrome P450-derived and lipoxygenase- derived metabolites have been shown to directly influence cardiac myocyte growth and the regulation of cardiac fibroblasts. The mechanistic data uncovered thus far have employed the use of enzyme inhibitors, HETE antagonists, and the genetic manipulation of lipid-producing enzymes and their respective receptors, all of which influence a complex network of outcomes that complicate data interpretation. This review will summarize and integrate recent findings on the role of 12(S)-/20-HETE in cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
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9
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Diverse roles of microRNA-145 in regulating smooth muscle (dys)function in health and disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:353-363. [PMID: 33616623 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that target messenger RNAs for degradation. miR-145 is a vascular-enriched microRNA that is important for smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation. Under healthy circumstances, SMC exist in a contractile, differentiated phenotype promoted by miR-145. In cases of disease or injury, SMC can undergo reversible dedifferentiation into a synthetic phenotype, accompanied by inhibition of miR-145 expression. Vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia are characterised by aberrant phenotypic switching in SMC. This review will summarise the physiological roles of miR-145 in vascular SMC, including the molecular regulation of differentiation, proliferation and migration. Furthermore, it will discuss the different ways in which miR-145 can be dysregulated and the downstream impact this has on the progression of vascular pathologies. Finally, it will discuss whether miR-145 may be suitable for use as a biomarker of vascular disease.
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10
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Sawant D, Lilly B. MicroRNA-145 targets in cancer and the cardiovascular system: evidence for common signaling pathways. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:R115-R128. [PMID: 33283158 PMCID: PMC7709916 DOI: 10.1530/vb-20-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs which govern gene expression post-transcriptionally by primarily binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA target genes. miR-145 is a well-studied miRNA that has been implicated in controlling a range of biological processes. miR-145 is expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types and acts as a tumor-suppressor by regulating target gene signaling pathways involved in different aspects of tumor growth and progression. There is also strong evidence that highlights the important functions of miR-145 in the cardiovascular system. Here, we review the mechanisms of miR-145 in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and compare and contrast with the roles of miR-145 in cardiovascular development and disease. We discuss the important targets of miR-145 in cancer and their possible link to the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwitiya Sawant
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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11
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Circulating miRNA-23b and miRNA-143 Are Potential Biomarkers for In-Stent Restenosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2509039. [PMID: 33015157 PMCID: PMC7519453 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2509039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR) is one of the main complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angioplasty, and microRNAs participate in the contractile-to-synthetic phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells, a hallmark of restenosis development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be released into circulation from injured tissues, enticing a potential role as noninvasive biomarkers. We aimed to evaluate circulating levels of miRNA-23b, miRNA-143, and miRNA-145 as diagnostic markers of ISR. 142 patients with coronary artery disease undergoing successful angioplasty and a follow-up angiography were included. Subjects were classified according to the degree of obstruction at the angioplasty site into cases (≥50%) or controls (<50%). Total RNA was isolated from plasma to quantify circulating miRNAs levels, and the ROC curves were constructed. Among circulating miRNAs assessed, miRNA-23b and miRNA-143 were significantly lower in cases (miRNA-23b: 18.4x10−5 and miRNA-143: 13.7x10−5) than controls (miRNA-23b: 5.2x10−5, p < 0.0001; miRNA-143: 4.0x10−5, p < 0.0001). Plasma levels of miRNA-145 showed no significant differences. The analysis of the ROC curves showed an area under the curve for miRNA-23b of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.62-0.80, p < 0.0001) and 0.69 for miRNA-143 (95% CI: 0.60-0.78; p < 0.0001). Our data suggest that plasma levels of miRNA-23b and miRNA-143 could be useful as noninvasive biomarkers of ISR.
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12
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Recruitment and maturation of the coronary collateral circulation: Current understanding and perspectives in arteriogenesis. Microvasc Res 2020; 132:104058. [PMID: 32798552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coronary collateral circulation is a rich anastomotic network of primitive vessels which have the ability to augment in size and function through the process of arteriogenesis. In this review, we evaluate the current understandings of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which this process occurs, specifically focussing on elevated fluid shear stress (FSS), inflammation, the redox state and gene expression along with the integrative, parallel and simultaneous process by which this occurs. The initiating step of arteriogenesis occurs following occlusion of an epicardial coronary artery, with an increase in FSS detected by mechanoreceptors within the endothelium. This must occur within a 'redox window' where an equilibrium of oxidative and reductive factors are present. These factors initially result in an inflammatory milieu, mediated by neutrophils as well as lymphocytes, with resultant activation of a number of downstream molecular pathways resulting in increased expression of proteins involved in monocyte attraction and adherence; namely vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Once monocytes and other inflammatory cells adhere to the endothelium they enter the extracellular matrix and differentiate into macrophages in an effort to create a favourable environment for vessel growth and development. Activated macrophages secrete inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and matrix metalloproteinases. Finally, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferate and switch to a contractile phenotype, resulting in an increased diameter and functionality of the collateral vessel, thereby allowing improved perfusion of the distal myocardium subtended by the occluded vessel. This simultaneously reduces FSS within the collateral vessel, inhibiting further vessel growth.
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13
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Song H, He S, Li S, Wu J, Yin W, Shao Z, Du G, Wu J, Li J, Weisel RD, Verma S, Xie J, Li R. Knock-out of MicroRNA 145 impairs cardiac fibroblast function and wound healing post-myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9409-9419. [PMID: 32628810 PMCID: PMC7417705 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of infarct scar thinning and dilatation and stimulation of scar contracture can prevent progressive heart failure. Since microRNA 145 (miR-145) plays an important role in cardiac fibroblast response to wound healing and cardiac repair after an myocardial infarction (MI), using a miR-145 knock-out (KO) mouse model, we evaluated contribution of down-regulation of miR-145 to cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast function during adverse cardiac remodelling. Cardiac function decreased more and the infarct size was larger in miR-145 KO than that in WT mice after MI and this phenomenon was accompanied by a decrease in cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Quantification of collagen I and α-SMA protein levels as well as wound contraction revealed that transdifferentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts was lower in KO than WT mice. In vitro restoration of miR-145 induced more differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and this effect involved the target genes Klf4 and myocardin. MiR-145 contributes to infarct scar contraction in the heart and the absence of miR-145 contributes to dysfunction of cardiac fibroblast, resulting in greater infarct thinning and dilatation. Augmentation of miR-145 could be an attractive target to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling after MI by enhancing the phenotypic switch of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui‐Fang Song
- Department of AnatomyShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell RegenerationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Sheng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell RegenerationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Shu‐Hong Li
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Jun Wu
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Wenjuan Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell RegenerationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Zhengbo Shao
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Guo‐qing Du
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Jie Wu
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Jiao Li
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Richard D. Weisel
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Division of Cardiac SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac SurgeryLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's HospitalDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell RegenerationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Ren‐Ke Li
- Toronto General Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Division of Cardiac SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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14
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Wang W, Chen L, Shang C, Jin Z, Yao F, Bai L, Wang R, Zhao S, Liu E. miR-145 inhibits the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6658-6669. [PMID: 32337837 PMCID: PMC7299691 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-145, the most abundant miRNA in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), regulates VSMC function in intimal hyperplasia. It has been reported that autophagy participates in the regulation of proliferation and migration of VSMCs. However, the effect of miR-145 on autophagy and related mechanism in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of miR-145 on autophagy and the mechanism in VSMCs. Cell autophagy was determined by transmission electron microscope, mRFP-GFP-LC3 assay and Western blotting. A recombinant lentivirus containing miR-145 was used to construct VSMCs with miR-145 overexpression. We found that miR-145 expression was decreased, and autophagy was increased in the carotid arteries of C57BL/6J mice with intimal hyperplasia and TGF-β1-stimulated VSMCs. Furthermore, miR-145 overexpression inhibited cell autophagy, whereas miR-145 inhibition promoted autophagy in TGF-β1-stimulated VSMCs. Meanwhile, miR-145 inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. More importantly, our study showed that autophagy inhibition augmented the inhibitory effect of miR-145 on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In addition, we found that the sirtuins are not direct targets of miR-145 in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. These results suggest that miR-145 inhibits the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by suppressing the activation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weirong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic DiseaseXi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research CenterXi’anChina
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic DiseaseXi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research CenterXi’anChina
| | - Chenxu Shang
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Liang Bai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic DiseaseXi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research CenterXi’anChina
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic DiseaseXi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research CenterXi’anChina
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic DiseaseXi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research CenterXi’anChina
| | - Enqi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic DiseaseXi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research CenterXi’anChina
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15
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Zhang M, Li F, Wang X, Gong J, Xian Y, Wang G, Zheng Z, Shang C, Wang B, He Y, Wang W, Lin R. MiR-145 alleviates Hcy-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switch through repression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 153:357-366. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Tanshinone ⅡA inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via miR-145/CD40 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:157-163. [PMID: 31757424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Danshen, exhibits broad cardiovascular protective effects. However, the effect of Tan IIA on Homocysteine (Hcy)-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. We herein determined whether Tan IIA exerted anti-proliferative effect in Hcy-treating VSMCs, and further investigated the underlying mechanism (miR-145/CD40 signaling). The results showed that Tan IIA significantly inhibited VSMCs proliferation induced by Hcy in a dose-dependent manner, and reversed the VSMCs injury as indicated by decreased KLF4 and increased Calponin expression. In view of the key role of miR-145 in VSMCs, we further explored the role of miR-145 on the protective effect of Tan IIA against Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation. The miR-145 expression was down-regulated and its targeted gene CD40 was up-regulated in Hcy-treating VSMCs, while the Tan IIA reversed the effect of Hcy, suggesting the miR-145/CD40 may be involve in the protective effect of Tan IIA. To determine the speculation, miR-145 inhibitor was used to inhibit miR-145 expression. The results indicated that miR-145 inhibitor can suppress the protective effects of Tan IIA against Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation. Collectively, present study demonstrates that Tan IIA inhibits Hcy-induced proliferation of VSMCs via miR-145/CD40 signaling.
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17
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Shu B, Zhuo M, Liu Z, Lu Z, Qian M. Cholesterol induces dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein 1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:3258-3267. [PMID: 31934169 PMCID: PMC6949835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discover the effect of cholesterol on dedifferentiation of VSMCs in vitro and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were employed to evaluate the role of cholesterol in regulating the dedifferentiation of VSMCs in vitro. Immunofluorescent staining, western blot, and RT-PCR were applied to uncover the inducing effect of cholesterol at a molecular level. RESULTS We demonstrated that the cholesterol was capable of inducing the dedifferentiation of VSMCs. Mechanistic studies revealed that monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) composed the most influential factor in the regulation of VSMCs during the process of cholesterol induction. When MCPIP1 was overexpressed in VSMCs, the dedifferentiation, proliferation and migration of the cells was enhanced, and the expression of miR-145 was suppressed. In contrast, knocking down MCPIP1 by siRNA promoted the differentiation and prohibited the migration of VSMCs after cholesterol treatment. These results demonstrate that MCPIP1 plays an important role in regulating cholesterol-induced dedifferentiation of VSMCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhuo
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhijiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Minzhang Qian
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi, Guizhou, P. R. China
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18
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Chao CT, Yeh HY, Yuan TH, Chiang CK, Chen HW. MicroRNA-125b in vascular diseases: An updated systematic review of pathogenetic implications and clinical applications. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5884-5894. [PMID: 31301111 PMCID: PMC6714222 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes, particularly non‐coding RNAs, have been implicated extensively in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Specific miRNAs are involved in the differentiation, phenotypic switch, proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine production and matrix deposition of endothelial cells and/or vascular smooth muscle cells. MicroRNA‐125b has been studied in depth for its role in carcinogenesis with a double‐edged role; that is, it can act as an oncogene in some cancer types and as a tumour suppressor gene in others. However, cumulative evidence from the use of advanced miRNA profiling techniques and bioinformatics analysis suggests that miR‐125b can be a potential mediator and useful marker of vascular diseases. Currently, the exact role of miR‐125b in vascular diseases is not known. In this systematic review, we intend to provide an updated compilation of all the recent findings of miR‐125b in vascular diseases, using a systematic approach of retrieving data from all available reports followed by data summarization. MiR‐125b serves as a pathogenic player in multiple vascular pathologies involving endothelia and vascular smooth muscle cells and also serves as a diagnostic marker for vascular diseases. We further provide a computational biologic presentation of the complex network of miR‐125b and its target genes within the scope of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hang Yuan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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Dysregulation of Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Expression in the Pathologies of Hyperhomocysteinemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133140. [PMID: 31252610 PMCID: PMC6651274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) exerts a wide range of biological effects and is associated with a number of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, dementia, neural tube defects, and cancer. Although mechanisms of HHcy toxicity are not fully uncovered, there has been a significant progress in their understanding. The picture emerging from the studies of homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and pathophysiology is a complex one, as Hcy and its metabolites affect biomolecules and processes in a tissue- and sex-specific manner. Because of their connection to one carbon metabolism and editing mechanisms in protein biosynthesis, Hcy and its metabolites impair epigenetic control of gene expression mediated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, which underlies the pathology of human disease. In this review we summarize the recent evidence showing that epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression, mediated by changes in DNA methylation and histone N-homocysteinylation, is a pathogenic consequence of HHcy in many human diseases. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of human disease induced by Hcy and its metabolites, and suggest therapeutic targets for the prevention and/or treatment.
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20
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Antunes JC, Benarroch L, Moraes FC, Juenet M, Gross MS, Aubart M, Boileau C, Caligiuri G, Nicoletti A, Ollivier V, Chaubet F, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C. Core-Shell Polymer-Based Nanoparticles Deliver miR-155-5p to Endothelial Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:210-222. [PMID: 31265949 PMCID: PMC6610682 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure occurs in over 30% of the worldwide population and most commonly originates from cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. microRNAs (miRNAs) target and silence specific mRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. Because the endogenous miR-155-5p has been ascribed to vasculoprotection, loading it onto positively charged, core-shell poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) (PIBCA)-polysaccharide nanoparticles (NPs) was attempted. NPs showed a decrease (p < 0.0001) in surface electrical charge (ζ potential), with negligible changes in size or shape when loaded with the anionic miR-155-5p. Presence of miR-155-5p in loaded NPs was further quantified. Cytocompatibility up to 100 μg/mL of NPs for 2 days with human coronary artery endothelial cells (hCAECs) was documented. NPs were able to enter hCAECs and were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of miR-155-5p was increased within the cells by 75-fold after 4 hours of incubation (p < 0.05) and was still noticeable at day 2. Differences between loaded NP-cultured cells and free miRNA, at days 1 (p < 0.05) and 2 (p < 0.001) suggest the ability of prolonged load release in physiological conditions. Expression of miR-155-5p downstream target BACH1 was decreased in the cells by 4-fold after 1 day of incubation (p < 0.05). This study is a first proof of concept that miR-155-5p can be loaded onto NPs and remain intact and biologically active in endothelial cells (ECs). These nanosystems could potentially increase an endogenous cytoprotective response and decrease damage within infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana C Antunes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Louise Benarroch
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Fernanda C Moraes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Maya Juenet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Sylvie Gross
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Chaubet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Chauvierre
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to examine recent evidence supporting effectiveness of bariatric surgery and abdominal lipectomy as interventional strategies aimed at reduction in incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related morbidity and mortality in obese and metabolic syndrome patients. RECENT FINDINGS While several studies show reduction in CVD risk factors in patients who have undergone both the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, very few demonstrate actual improvements in cardiovascular function, or a decrease in CVD events or CVD-related mortality. Consequently, the cardiovascular benefits of the less invasive sleeve gastrectomy in comparison to the gastric bypass are also unclear. Striking new data on large patient samples demonstrate significant positive correlation between gastric bypass and CVD risk factor reduction only in patients who are diabetic or > 50 years of age at the time of surgery, with no significant differences in non-diabetic and younger patients and with significant side effects. On the other hand, a markedly less invasive removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue via lipectomy consistently and significantly improved CVD risk factors as well as cardiovascular function in the very few studies available. Overall, neither the potential nor the definitive cardiovascular benefits of either of the commonly used bariatric surgical or the various lipectomy procedures have been adequately explored. Future basic science and clinical studies have the opportunity to understand the mechanisms and long-term consequences of both approaches and develop personalized approaches with higher benefit to side effect ratios.
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22
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Huang X, Liu Z, Shen L, Jin Y, Xu G, Zhang Z, Fang C, Guan W, Liu C. Augmentation of miR-202 in varicose veins modulates phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10031-10042. [PMID: 30556158 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In varicose veins, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) often show abnormal proliferative and migratory rates and phenotypic transition. This study aimed to investigate whether microRNA (miR)-202 and its potential target, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), were involved in VSMC phenotypic transition. miR-202 expression was analyzed in varicose veins and in VSMCs conditioned with platelet-derived growth factor. The effect of miR-202 on cell proliferation and migration was assessed. Furthermore, contractile marker SM-22α, synthetic markers vimentin and collagen I, and PGC-1α were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The modulation of PGC-1α expression by miR-202 was also evaluated. In varicose veins and proliferative VSMCs, miR-202 expression was upregulated, with decreased SM-22α expression and increased vimentin and collagen I expression. Transfection with a miR-202 mimic induced VSMC proliferation and migration, whereas a miR-202 inhibitor reduced cell proliferation and migration. miR-202 mimic constrained luciferase activity in HEK293 cells that were cotransfected with the PGC-1α 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) but not those with mutated 3'-UTR. miR-202 suppressed PGC-1α protein expression, with no influence on its messenger RNA expression. PGC-1α mediated VSMC phenotypic transition and was correlated with reactive oxygen species production. In conclusion, miR-202 affects VSMC phenotypic transition by targeting PGC-1α expression, providing a novel target for varicose vein therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqi Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changwen Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changjian Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Ma Y, Yu T, Zhang Y, Yin Y, Zhao Z, Yu X, Yu Y. The protective effect of cardamonin on the factors involved in delayed cerebral vasospasm in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:5955-5961. [PMID: 31949683 PMCID: PMC6963065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Delayed cerebral vasospasms (DCVS) may affect the prognosis of patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but available preventive approaches are inefficient. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of cardamonin treatment on factors associated with the occurrence of DCVS after SAH. Rat models of SAH were created using the internal carotid artery puncture method. Rats were randomized into four groups: SAH (n = 10), SAH + vehicle (saline solution) group (n = 10), SAH + cardamonin group (n = 10), and a control (sham operation) group (n = 6). H&E staining was used to determine the wall thickness of the basilar artery. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect p-AKT and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Immunofluorescence was used to detect the changes in C-myc expression. The TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptosis. Basilar artery wall thickness in the SAH + cardamonin and control groups were significantly lower than in the SAH group and SAH + vehicle groups (all P < 0.01). Apoptosis and the expression of p-AKT and C-myc in the SAH + cardamonin group were significantly lower than in the SAH and SAH + vehicle groups (P < 0.05), while α-SMA expression was higher than in the SAH and SAH + vehicle groups (P < 0.01). Cardamonin seems to alleviate cerebral vasospasms after SAH. These effects may involve the inhibition of p-AKT, C-myc expression and apoptosis, and the increase of α-SMA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Tianlei Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police ForcesTianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Yiheng Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Xinguang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Yaoyu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police ForcesTianjin, China
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Hypermethylation of the Micro-RNA 145 Promoter Is the Key Regulator for NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Activation and Plaque Formation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:604-624. [PMID: 30456333 PMCID: PMC6234615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
miR-145 in vessels decreases with plaque progression. DNMT1 and TET2 dynamic imbalance leads to miR-145 promoter hypermethylation. Reduction of miR-145 activates NLRP3 inflammasome through CD137/NFATc1 signaling. DNMT1 and TET2 could be promising therapeutic candidates for atherosclerosis in the future.
Two major issues are involved in clinical atherosclerosis treatment. First, there are no significant clinical markers for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Second, the plaque will not regress once it initiates even if the risk factors are removed. In this paper, the research shows that the hypermethylation level of the microRNA 145 (miR-145) promoter is related to a DNMT1 and TET2 dynamic imbalance. The reduction of miR-145 causes NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome activation through CD137/NFATc1 signaling. These findings could be a potential target for plaque regression in the future.
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Soler A, Hunter I, Joseph G, Hutcheson R, Hutcheson B, Yang J, Zhang FF, Joshi SR, Bradford C, Gotlinger KH, Maniyar R, Falck JR, Proctor S, Schwartzman ML, Gupte SA, Rocic P. Elevated 20-HETE in metabolic syndrome regulates arterial stiffness and systolic hypertension via MMP12 activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 117:88-99. [PMID: 29428638 PMCID: PMC5877315 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness plays a causal role in development of systolic hypertension. 20-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE), a cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-derived arachidonic acid metabolite, is known to be elevated in resistance arteries in hypertensive animal models and loosely associated with obesity in humans. However, the role of 20-HETE in the regulation of large artery remodeling in metabolic syndrome has not been investigated. We hypothesized that elevated 20-HETE in metabolic syndrome increases matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) activation leading to increased degradation of elastin, increased large artery stiffness and increased systolic blood pressure. 20-HETE production was increased ~7 fold in large, conduit arteries of metabolic syndrome (JCR:LA-cp, JCR) vs. normal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. This correlated with increased elastin degradation (~7 fold) and decreased arterial compliance (~75% JCR vs. SD). 20-HETE antagonists blocked elastin degradation in JCR rats concomitant with blocking MMP12 activation. 20-HETE antagonists normalized, and MMP12 inhibition (pharmacological and MMP12-shRNA-Lnv) significantly improved (~50% vs. untreated JCR) large artery compliance in JCR rats. 20-HETE antagonists also decreased systolic (182 ± 3 mmHg JCR, 145 ± 3 mmHg JCR + 20-HETE antagonists) but not diastolic blood pressure in JCR rats. Whereas diastolic pressure was fully angiotensin II (Ang II)-dependent, systolic pressure was only partially Ang II-dependent, and large artery stiffness was Ang II-independent. Thus, 20-HETE-dependent regulation of systolic blood pressure may be a unique feature of metabolic syndrome related to high 20-HETE production in large, conduit arteries, which results in increased large artery stiffness and systolic blood pressure. These findings may have implications for management of systolic hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Soler
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Ian Hunter
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Gregory Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Brenda Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Jenny Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Frank Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Sachindra Raj Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Chastity Bradford
- Department of Biology, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, United States
| | - Katherine H Gotlinger
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rachana Maniyar
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Spencer Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States.
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Herrera-Carrillo E, Liu YP, Berkhout B. Improving miRNA Delivery by Optimizing miRNA Expression Cassettes in Diverse Virus Vectors. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2018; 28:177-190. [PMID: 28712309 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2017.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA interference pathway is an evolutionary conserved post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism that is exclusively triggered by double-stranded RNA inducers. RNAi-based methods and technologies have facilitated the discovery of many basic science findings and spurred the development of novel RNA therapeutics. Transient induction of RNAi via transfection of synthetic small interfering RNAs can trigger the selective knockdown of a target mRNA. For durable silencing of gene expression, either artificial short hairpin RNA or microRNA encoding transgene constructs were developed. These miRNAs are based on the molecules that induce the natural RNAi pathway in mammals and humans: the endogenously expressed miRNAs. Significant efforts focused on the construction and delivery of miRNA cassettes in order to solve basic biology questions or to design new therapy strategies. Several viral vectors have been developed, which are particularly useful for the delivery of miRNA expression cassettes to specific target cells. Each vector system has its own unique set of distinct properties. Thus, depending on the specific application, a particular vector may be most suitable. This field was previously reviewed for different viral vector systems, and now the recent progress in the field of miRNA-based gene-silencing approaches using lentiviral vectors is reported. The focus is on the unique properties and respective limitations of the available vector systems for miRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Herrera-Carrillo
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Poi Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Berkhout
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sun H, Cai S, Zhang M, Zhao J, Wei S, Luo Y, Meng X, Zhou X, Li Y, Zhang W. MicroRNA-206 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch and vascular neointimal formation. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:739-748. [PMID: 28328152 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
MiR-206 has been found to play a critical role in skeletal muscle proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration. However, little is known about the function of miR-206 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) biology. In this study, we will investigate its roles in phenotypic switching of VSMCs and neointimal lesion formation. First, we identified the expression of miR-206 in VSMCs treated with various concentrations of TGFβ1 and in rat carotid arteries after angioplasty by using qPCR. TGFβ1 inhibited the expression of miR-206 and TGFβ1 inhibitor induced miR-206 expression. In VSMCs of injured vascular walls, miR-206 expression was upregulated. Then, we overexpressed miR-206 using lentivirus Lv-rno-mir-206 and knocked down miR-206 using LV-rno-mir-206-inhibitor in rat carotid arteries after angioplasty. Overexpression of miR-206 resulted in decreasing SM22α expression in VSMCs in vitro and knockdown of miR-206 suppressed neointimal lesion formation in vivo. Finally, ZFP580 (zinc finger protein 580) was identified as the direct target of miR-206 in VSMCs by using luciferase report assay. The results indicate that miR-206 is involved in phenotypic switching of VSMCs and neointimal lesion formation after angioplasty through targeting ZFP580. These findings may provide a novel therapeutic target in post-angioplasty restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Huizhihuan Road 1, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Songzhi Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Chenglin Road 220, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Chenglin Road 220, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Huizhihuan Road 1, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Shuping Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Chenglin Road 220, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yuyu Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Huizhihuan Road 1, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Xiangyan Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Huizhihuan Road 1, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Chenglin Road 220, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yuming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Chenglin Road 220, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Huizhihuan Road 1, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300309, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Chenglin Road 220, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
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Zhu LP, Zhou JP, Zhang JX, Wang JY, Wang ZY, Pan M, Li LF, Li CC, Wang KK, Bai YP, Zhang GG. MiR-15b-5p Regulates Collateral Artery Formation by Targeting AKT3 (Protein Kinase B-3). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:957-968. [PMID: 28254819 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify circulating microRNAs that are differentially expressed in severe coronary heart disease with well or poorly developed collateral arteries and to investigate their mechanisms of action in vivo and in vitro. APPROACH AND RESULTS In our study, we identified a circulating microRNA, miR-15b-5p, with low expression that, nevertheless, characterized patients with sufficient coronary collateral artery function. Moreover, in murine hindlimb ischemia model, in situ hybridization identified that miR-15b-5p was specifically expressed in vascular endothelial cells of adductors in sham group and was remarkably downregulated after femoral artery ligation. Overexpressed miR-15b-5p significantly inhibited arteriogenesis and angiogenesis in mice. In vitro, both under basal and vascular endothelial growth factor stimulation, loss-of-function or gain-of-function studies suggested that miR-15b-5p significantly promoted or depressed the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells. We identified AKT3 (protein kinase B-3) as a direct target of miR-15b-5p. Interestingly, AKT3 deficiency by injection with Chol-AKT3-siRNA obviously suppressed arteriogenesis and the recovery of blood perfusion after femoral ligation in mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that circulating miR-15b-5p is a suitable biomarker for discriminating between patients with well-developed or poorly developed collaterals. Moreover, miR-15b-5p is a key regulator of arteriogenesis and angiogenesis, which may represent a potential therapeutic target for ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ping Zhu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Ji-Peng Zhou
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Jia-Xiong Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Jun-Yao Wang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Miao Pan
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Ling-Fang Li
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Chuan-Chang Li
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Kang-Kai Wang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Yong-Ping Bai
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.)
| | - Guo-Gang Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (L.-P.Z., J.-P.Z., J.-Y.W., Z.-Y.W., M.P., L.-F.L., L.C., G.-G.Z.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.-X.Z., C.-C.L., Y.-P.B.); and Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (K.-K.W.).
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Wang S, He W, Wang C. MiR-23a Regulates the Vasculogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease by Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Cardiovasc Ther 2017; 34:199-208. [PMID: 27085964 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in patient body fluids have recently been considered to hold the potential of being novel disease biomarkers and drug targets. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the levels of circulating miR-23a and the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the pathogenesis of patients with coronary heart disease to further explore the mechanism involved in its vasculogenesis. METHOD Three different cohorts, including 13 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, 176 angina pectoris patients, and 127 control subjects, were enrolled to investigate the expression levels of circulating miR-23a in patients with myocardial ischemia and also the relationship between plasma miR-23a and severity of coronary stenosis. Plasma miR-23a levels of participants were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. Simultaneously, plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations were measured by ELISAs. We further detected the correlation of miR-23a and EGFR by molecular and animal assays. RESULT MiR-23a was enriched in not only diseased endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) but also in the plasma of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Besides, we found out miR-23a was able to suppress EGFR expression and EPC activities. Reporter assays confirmed the direct binding and repression of miR-23a to the 3'-UTR of EGFR mRNA. Knockdown of miR-23a not only restored EGFR levels and angiogenic activities of diseased EPCs in vitro, but further promoted blood flow recovery in ischemic limbs of mice. CONCLUSION Circulating miR-23a may be a new biomarker for CAD and as a potential diagnostic tool. And increased miR-23a level may be used to predict the presence and severity of coronary lesions in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Zaozhuang Mining Group, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Weidong He
- Department of Nutritional, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Caijin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Zong Y, Wu P, Nai C, Luo Y, Hu F, Gao W, Zhai N, Xu T, Li D. Effect of MicroRNA-30e on the Behavior of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Targeting Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E2I. Circ J 2017; 81:567-576. [PMID: 28123167 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been shown to demonstrate critical roles in differentiation, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).Methods and Results:In this study, a certain amount of miRNA expression in VSMCs was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and it was found that microRNA-30e (miR-30e) was expressed more strongly than other common vascular well-expressed miRNAs in vitro. Subsequently, both a gain and loss of function study was performed in vitro and in vivo. It was found that miR-30e in VSMCs was strongly downregulated concomitantly with stimulation, and miR-30e inhibited VSMCs proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I (Ube2i) was identified as the target gene of endogenous miR-30e by luciferase reporter assay, and it was confirmed that overexpression of miR-30e significantly reduced Ube2i and inhibited the phenotypic switch of VSMCs. Knockdown of Ube2i had an influence over the proliferation and migration of cultured VSMCs, as same as the miR-30e mimic did. Overexpression of miR-30e induced the apoptosis of VSMCs and deregulated the protein expression of IkBα, which is crucial for the NFκB signal pathway. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicated that miR-30e in VSMCs exerted an anti-atherosclerosis effect via inhibiting proliferation and migration, and promoting apoptosis of VSMCs. More specifically, it was demonstrated that miR-30e exhibited these effects on VSMCs partially through targeting Ube2i and downregulating the IκBα/NFκB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Xuzhou Medical University
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Zhou JP, Tong XY, Zhu LP, Luo JM, Luo Y, Bai YP, Li CC, Zhang GG. Plasma Omentin-1 Level as a Predictor of Good Coronary Collateral Circulation. J Atheroscler Thromb 2017; 24:940-948. [PMID: 28123148 PMCID: PMC5587520 DOI: 10.5551/jat.37440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) is crucial during an acute ischemic attack. Evidences showed that omentin-1 exhibited remarkable antiatherogenic effects and ischemia-induced revascularization. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plasma omentin-1 levels and CCC in patients with ≥ 90% angiography-proven coronary occlusion. Methods: 142 patients with ≥ 90% luminal diameter stenosis in at least one major epicardial coronary artery were recruited. Among them, 79 patients with Rentrop 0–1 grade were classified into the poor CCC group and 63 patients with Rentrop 2–3 grade were included into the good CCC group. The association between plasma omentin-1 levels and CCC status was assessed. Results: Plasma omentin-1 level was significantly higher in patients with good CCC than those with poor CCC (566.57 ± 26.90 vs. 492.38 ± 19.70 ng/mL, p = 0.024). Besides, omentin-1 was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein, and gensini score but inversely with hyperlipidemia and body mass index (all p values < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that omentin-1 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.002, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000 – 1.004, p = 0.041)], TC, the number of the diseased vessels, a higher frequency of left circumflex artery and right coronary artery, chronic total occlusion, and gensini score remained as the independent predictors of good CCC. Conclusion: Higher plasma omentin-1 level was associated with better CCC development. Our findings suggest that omentin-1 may be an alternative marker for adequate CCC in patients with ≥ 90% coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Peng Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Xiao-Yu Tong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Ling-Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Jing-Min Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Yong-Ping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Chuan-Chang Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Guo-Gang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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Joseph G, Soler A, Hutcheson R, Hunter I, Bradford C, Hutcheson B, Gotlinger KH, Jiang H, Falck JR, Proctor S, Schwartzman ML, Rocic P. Elevated 20-HETE impairs coronary collateral growth in metabolic syndrome via endothelial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 312:H528-H540. [PMID: 28011587 PMCID: PMC5402017 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00561.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary collateral growth (CCG) is impaired in metabolic syndrome (MetS). microRNA-145 (miR-145-Adv) delivery to our rat model of MetS (JCR) completely restored and neutrophil depletion significantly improved CCG. We determined whether low endogenous levels of miR-145 in MetS allowed for elevated production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), which, in turn, resulted in excessive neutrophil accumulation and endothelial dysfunction leading to impaired CCG. Rats underwent 0-9 days of repetitive ischemia (RI). RI-induced cardiac CYP4F (neutrophil-specific 20-HETE synthase) expression and 20-HETE levels were increased (4-fold) in JCR vs. normal rats. miR-145-Adv and 20-HETE antagonists abolished and neutrophil depletion (blocking antibodies) reduced (~60%) RI-induced increases in CYP4F expression and 20-HETE production in JCR rats. Impaired CCG in JCR rats (collateral-dependent blood flow using microspheres) was completely restored by 20-HETE antagonists [collateral-dependent zone (CZ)/normal zone (NZ) flow ratio was 0.76 ± 0.07 in JCR + 20-SOLA, 0.84 ± 0.05 in JCR + 20-HEDGE vs. 0.11 ± 0.02 in JCR vs. 0.84 ± 0.03 in normal rats]. In JCR rats, elevated 20-HETE was associated with excessive expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and neutrophil infiltration, which were reversed by miR-145-Adv. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of coronary arteries, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Ser1179 phosphorylation, eNOS-dependent NO·- production and endothelial cell survival were compromised in JCR rats. These parameters of endothelial dysfunction were completely reversed by 20-HETE antagonism or miR-145-Adv delivery, whereas neutrophil depletion resulted in partial reversal (~70%). We conclude that low miR-145 in MetS allows for increased 20-HETE, mainly from neutrophils, which compromises endothelial cell survival and function leading to impaired CCG. 20-HETE antagonists could provide viable therapy for restoration of CCG in MetS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Elevated 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) impairs coronary collateral growth (CCG) in metabolic syndrome by eliciting endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis via excessive neutrophil infiltration. 20-HETE antagonists completely restore coronary collateral growth in metabolic syndrome. microRNA-145 (miR-145) is an upstream regulator of 20-HETE production in metabolic syndrome; low expression of miR-145 in metabolic syndrome promotes elevated production of 20-HETE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Amanda Soler
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Ian Hunter
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | | | - Brenda Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | | | - Houli Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; and
| | - Spencer Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York;
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33
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Hao M, Li M, Li W. Galectin-3 inhibition ameliorates hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery hypertension. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:160-168. [PMID: 27959409 PMCID: PMC5355711 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin, which is important in inflammation, fibrosis and heart failure. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of Gal-3 in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Male C57BL/6J and Gal-3−/− mice were exposed to hypoxia, then the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and Fulton's index were measured, and Gal-3 mRNA and protein expression in the pulmonary arteries was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Compared with the control, hypoxia increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of Gal-3 in wild type murine pulmonary arteries. Gal-3 deletion reduced the hypoxia-induced upregulation of RVSP and Fulton's index. Furthermore, human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs) and human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were stimulated by hypoxia in vitro, and Gal-3 expression was inhibited by small interfering RNA. The inflammatory response of HPAECs, and the proliferation and cell cycle distribution of HPASMCs was also analyzed. Gal-3 inhibition alleviated the hypoxia-induced inflammatory response in HPAECs, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1 secretion, expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and adhesion of THP-1 monocytes. Gal-3 inhibition also reduced hypoxia-induced proliferation of HPASMCs, partially by reducing cyclin D1 expression and increasing p27 expression. Furthermore, Gal-3 inhibition suppressed HPASMC switching from a ‘contractile’ to a ‘synthetic’ phenotype. In conclusion, Gal-3 serves a fundamental role in hypoxia-induced PAH, and inhibition of Gal-3 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of hypoxia-induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwen Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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34
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Guo X, Li D, Chen M, Chen L, Zhang B, Wu T, Guo R. miRNA-145 inhibits VSMC proliferation by targeting CD40. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35302. [PMID: 27731400 PMCID: PMC5059663 DOI: 10.1038/srep35302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated functions of miR-145 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotypes and vascular diseases. In this study, we aim to determine whether CD40 is involved in miR-145 mediated switch of VSMC phenotypes. In cultured VSMCs, the effects of miR-145 and CD40 on TNF-α, TGF-β, and Homocysteine (Hcy) induced cell proliferation were evaluated by over-expression of miR-145 or by siRNA-mediated knockdown of CD40. We also used ultrasound imaging to explore the effect of miR-145 on carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) patients. The results showed 50 ng/mL TNF-α, 5 ng/mL TGF-β, and 500 μmol/L Hcy significantly increased the expression of CD40, both at mRNA and protein levels, and also induced the proliferation of VSMCs. We found that over-expression of miR-145 significantly inhibited the expression of CD40 and the differentiation of VSMCs, and over-expression of miR-145 decreased IL-6 levels in VSMC supernatants. In ACI patients, the lower expression of miR-145 was associated with thicker CIMT and higher levels of plasma IL-6. Our results suggest that the miR-145/CD40 pathway is involved in regulating VSMC phenotypes in TNF-α, TGF-β, and Hcy induced VSMCs proliferation model. Targeting miR-145/CD40 might be a useful strategy for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dai Li
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ren Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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35
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Diane A, Pierce WD, Kelly SE, Sokolik S, Borthwick F, Jacome-Sosa M, Mangat R, Pradillo JM, Allan SM, Ruth MR, Field CJ, Hutcheson R, Rocic P, Russell JC, Vine DF, Proctor SD. Mechanisms of Comorbidities Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome: Insights from the JCR:LA-cp Corpulent Rat Strain. Front Nutr 2016; 3:44. [PMID: 27777929 PMCID: PMC5056323 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its metabolic complications have emerged as the epidemic of the new millennia. The use of obese rodent models continues to be a productive component of efforts to understand the concomitant metabolic complications of this disease. In 1978, the JCR:LA-cp rat model was developed with an autosomal recessive corpulent (cp) trait resulting from a premature stop codon in the extracellular domain of the leptin receptor. Rats that are heterozygous for the cp trait are lean-prone, while those that are homozygous (cp/cp) spontaneously display the pathophysiology of obesity as well as a metabolic syndrome (MetS)-like phenotype. Over the years, there have been formidable scientific contributions that have originated from this rat model, much of which has been reviewed extensively up to 2008. The premise of these earlier studies focused on characterizing the pathophysiology of MetS-like phenotype that was spontaneously apparent in this model. The purpose of this review is to highlight areas of recent advancement made possible by this model including; emerging appreciation of the "thrifty gene" hypothesis in the context of obesity, the concept of how chronic inflammation may drive obesogenesis, the impact of acute forms of inflammation to the brain and periphery during chronic obesity, the role of dysfunctional insulin metabolism on lipid metabolism and vascular damage, and the mechanistic basis for altered vascular function as well as novel parallels between the human condition and the female JCR:LA-cp rat as a model for polycystic ovary disease (PCOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Diane
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - W. David Pierce
- Department of Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra E. Kelly
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sharon Sokolik
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Faye Borthwick
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Miriam Jacome-Sosa
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rabban Mangat
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Stuart McRae Allan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Megan R. Ruth
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J. Field
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - James C. Russell
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Donna F. Vine
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Spencer D. Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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36
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O'Leary L, Sevinç K, Papazoglou IM, Tildy B, Detillieux K, Halayko AJ, Chung KF, Perry MM. Airway smooth muscle inflammation is regulated by microRNA-145 in COPD. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1324-34. [PMID: 27060571 PMCID: PMC5082497 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, highly debilitating disease of the airways, primarily caused by smoking. Chronic inflammation and structural remodelling are key pathological features of this disease, in part caused by the aberrant function of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells under the regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. miRNA are short, noncoding gene transcripts involved in the negative regulation of specific target genes, through their interactions with mRNA. Previous studies have proposed that mRNA-145 (miR-145) may interact with SMAD3, an important downstream signalling molecule of the TGF-β pathway. TGF-β was used to stimulate primary human ASM cells isolated from healthy nonsmokers, healthy smokers and COPD patients. This resulted in a TGF-β-dependent increase in CXCL8 and IL-6 release, most notably in the cells from COPD patients. TGF-β stimulation increased SMAD3 expression, only in cells from COPD patients, with a concurrent increased miR-145 expression. Regulation of miR-145 was found to be negatively controlled by pathways involving the MAP kinases, MEK-1/2 and p38 MAPK. Subsequent, overexpression of miR-145 (using synthetic mimics) in ASM cells from patients with COPD suppressed IL-6 and CXCL8 release, to levels comparable to the nonsmoker controls. Therefore, this study suggests that miR-145 negatively regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine release from ASM cells in COPD by targeting SMAD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence O'Leary
- Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK
| | - Kenan Sevinç
- Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK
| | - Ilektra M Papazoglou
- Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK
| | - Bernadett Tildy
- Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK
| | - Karen Detillieux
- Departments of Internal Medicine & Physiology, Respiratory Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Departments of Internal Medicine & Physiology, Respiratory Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK
| | - Mark M Perry
- Molecular Neurosciences, The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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37
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Zhang YN, Xie BD, Sun L, Chen W, Jiang SL, Liu W, Bian F, Tian H, Li RK. Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in the 'normal region' of aorta from atherosclerosis patients is regulated by miR-145. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1049-61. [PMID: 26992033 PMCID: PMC4882986 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a contractile phenotype to an adverse proliferative phenotype is a hallmark of atherosclerosis or vascular restenosis. However, the genetic modulators responsible for this switch have not been fully elucidated in humans nor have they been correlated with clinical abnormalities. This study investigated genetic mechanisms involved in phenotypic switching of VSMCs at non-defect areas of the aorta in patients with atherosclerosis. Aortic wall samples were obtained from patients with (N = 53) and without (N = 27) atherosclerosis undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Vascular smooth muscle cell cultures were generated, and expression of microRNA-145 (miR-145), its target gene Kruppel-Like Factor 5 (KLF5) and Myocardin (MYOCD, a smooth muscle-specific transcriptional coactivator) were analysed using RT-qPCR, along with expression of relevant proteins. Vascular smooth muscle cells were transduced with miR-145 inhibitor and mimic to determine the effect of miR-145 expression on VSMC proliferation. miR-145 expression decreased while KLF5 expression increased in atherosclerotic aortas. Atherosclerotic samples and VSMCs had decreased expression of contractile markers calponin and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and MYOCD. miR-145 inhibitor-transduced VSMCs from non-atherosclerotic patients showed decreased expression of calponin and α-SMA and increased proliferation compared with non-transduced controls, and these levels were close to those of atherosclerotic patients. miR-145 mimic-transduced VSMCs from atherosclerotic patients showed increased expression of calponin and α-SMA and decreased proliferation compared with non-transduced controls, and these levels were close to those found in non-atherosclerotic patients. These data demonstrate that miR-145 modulates the phenotypic switch of VSMCs from a contractile to a proliferative state via KLF5 and MYOCD in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bao-Dong Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Lin Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Bian
- Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hai Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratories of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network and Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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38
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Deng L, Blanco FJ, Stevens H, Lu R, Caudrillier A, McBride M, McClure JD, Grant J, Thomas M, Frid M, Stenmark K, White K, Seto AG, Morrell NW, Bradshaw AC, MacLean MR, Baker AH. MicroRNA-143 Activation Regulates Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cell Crosstalk in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circ Res 2015; 117:870-883. [PMID: 26311719 PMCID: PMC4620852 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.306806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains unclear. The 4 microRNAs representing the miR-143 and miR-145 stem loops are genomically clustered. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the transcriptional regulation of the miR-143/145 cluster and the role of miR-143 in PAH. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified the promoter region that regulates miR-143/145 microRNA expression in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). We mapped PAH-related signaling pathways, including estrogen receptor, liver X factor/retinoic X receptor, transforming growth factor-β (Smads), and hypoxia (hypoxia response element), that regulated levels of all pri-miR stem loop transcription and resulting microRNA expression. We observed that miR-143-3p is selectively upregulated compared with miR-143-5p during PASMC migration. Modulation of miR-143 in PASMCs significantly altered cell migration and apoptosis. In addition, we found high abundance of miR-143-3p in PASMC-derived exosomes. Using assays with pulmonary arterial endothelial cells, we demonstrated a paracrine promigratory and proangiogenic effect of miR-143-3p-enriched exosomes from PASMC. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization showed elevated expression of miR-143 in calf models of PAH and in samples from PAH patients. Moreover, in contrast to our previous findings that had not supported a therapeutic role in vivo, we now demonstrate a protective role of miR-143 in experimental pulmonary hypertension in vivo in miR-143-/- and anti-miR-143-3p-treated mice exposed to chronic hypoxia in both preventative and reversal settings. CONCLUSIONS MiR-143-3p modulated both cellular and exosome-mediated responses in pulmonary vascular cells, whereas inhibition of miR-143-3p blocked experimental pulmonary hypertension. Taken together, these findings confirm an important role for the miR-143/145 cluster in PAH pathobiology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arterial Pressure
- Binding Sites
- Case-Control Studies
- Cattle
- Cell Communication
- Cell Movement
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transfection
- Vascular Remodeling
- Ventricular Function, Right
- Ventricular Pressure
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Francisco J. Blanco
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Hannah Stevens
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ruifang Lu
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE59NU, United Kingdom
| | - Axelle Caudrillier
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Martin McBride
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - John D McClure
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Jenny Grant
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Matthew Thomas
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Horsham UK
- AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, R&D | Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity (RIA) Innovative Medicines, Building AC461, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Maria Frid
- Division of Critical Care Medicine/Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kurt Stenmark
- Division of Critical Care Medicine/Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kevin White
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc.,250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | | | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Angela C Bradshaw
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Margaret R. MacLean
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
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39
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the principal cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Exposure of the vasculature to metabolic disturbances leaves a persistent imprint on vascular walls, and specifically on smooth muscle cells (SMC) that favours their dysfunction and potentially underlies macrovascular complications of T2DM. Current diabetes therapies and continued development of newer treatments has led to the ability to achieve more efficient glycaemic control. There is also some evidence to suggest that some of these treatments may exert favourable pleiotropic effects, some of which may be at the level of SMC. However, emerging interest in epigenetic markers as determinants of vascular disease, and a putative link with diabetes, opens the possibility for new avenues to develop robust and specific new therapies. These will likely need to target cell-specific epigenetic changes such as effectors of DNA histone modifications that promote or inhibit gene transcription, and/or microRNAs capable of regulating entire cellular pathways through target gene repression. The growing epidemic of T2DM worldwide, and its attendant cardiovascular mortality, dictates a need for novel therapies and personalised approaches to ameliorate vascular complications in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Porter
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) and Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK,
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40
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Ding Y, Liao W, Yi Z, Xiang W, He X. Association of miRNA-145 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells with vascular damages in patients with lupus nephritis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:12646-12656. [PMID: 26722454 PMCID: PMC4680399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs have been found to contribute to the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including cell apoptosis, differentiation and proliferation. The patients with lupus nephritis (LN) exhibit thickened renal vascular membrane and highly proliferative vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Of various miRNAs discovered, miR-145 is essential to mediate the proliferation of VSMCs and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. In this study, we studied the pathological and vascular damage of renal LN, and the correlation between miR-145 expression in VSMCs and the vascular damages. Serum, urine, and renal biopsies were obtained from 41 patients with active LN. The serum and urinary VEGF levels were examined to confirm the renal damage of each patient. Biopsies were stained to observe the glomerular segmental lesions, sclerosis, and to evaluate the vascular damages. The expression of miR-145 was also examined to determine the correlation between its expression and the vascular damages. The expression of miR-145 was mainly detected in the renal VSMCs and the epithelial cells of glomerular proximal convoluted tubule. Nevertheless, the expression of miR-145 reduced as the tunicae media vasorum ratios increased, indicating the development of LN inhibits the expression of miR-145. Furthermore, our studies revealed no significant correlation among renal interstitial vascular damage, glomerular damage and severity classification of LN. Therefore, we suggest the damage of renal interstitial vascular should be considered as one of the factors to evaluate the severity of the LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Hainan General HospitalHaikou 570102, China
- Department of Dermatology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hainan ProvinceHaikou 570206, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General HospitalHaikou 570102, China
| | - Zhuwen Yi
- Department of Nephropathy, Children’s Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410000, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hainan ProvinceHaikou 570206, China
| | - Xiaojie He
- Department of Nephropathy, Children’s Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410000, China
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41
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Di Y, Zhang D, Hu T, Li D. miR-23 regulate the pathogenesis of patients with coronary artery disease. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:11759-11769. [PMID: 26380016 PMCID: PMC4565399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To study whether miR-23 is regulated in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and what is the possible mechanism of miR-23 in regulating CAD progression. Method Three different cohorts (including 13 AMI patients, 176 angina pectoris patients and 127 control subjects) were enrolled to investigate the expression levels of circulating miR-23 in patients with myocardial ischemia and also the relationship between plasma miR-23 and severity of coronary stenosis. Plasma miR-23 levels of participants were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. We further detected the correlation of miR-23 and VEGF by molecular and animal assays. Result miR-23 was enriched in not only diseased endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) but also the plasma of CAD patients. Besides, we found out miR-23 was able to suppress VEGF expression and EPC activities. Reporter assays confirmed the direct binding and repression of miR-23 to the 3'-UTR of VEGF mRNA. Knock down of miR-23 not only restored VEGF levels and angiogenic activities of diseased EPCs in vitro, but further promoted blood flow recovery in ischemic limbs of mice. Conclusion Circulating miR-23 may be a new biomarker for CAD and as a potential diagnostic tool. And increased miR-23 level may be used to predict the presence and severity of coronary lesions in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Di
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College) Sichuan, China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College) Sichuan, China
| | - Teng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College) Sichuan, China
| | - Decai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College) Sichuan, China
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42
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Shyu KG, Cheng WP, Wang BW. Angiotensin II Downregulates MicroRNA-145 to Regulate Kruppel-like Factor 4 and Myocardin Expression in Human Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells under High Glucose Conditions. Mol Med 2015; 21:616-25. [PMID: 26181633 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-145 is the most abundant miR in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the effect of hyperglycemia on the regulation of miR-145 is unknown. We hypothesized that the hyperglycemic condition activates a proinflammatory response that mediates the expression of miR-145 in VSMCs. We investigated whether miR-145 serves as a critical regulator to regulate the downstream proliferation factors (including Kruppel-like factor 4 [Klf4] and myocardin) in VSMCs under hyperglycemic conditions. Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs) were cultured under high glucose conditions. Sustained high glucose at 25 mmol/L significantly decreased the expression of miR-145 in HCASMCs. High glucose significantly increased angiotensin II (Ang II) secretion from HCASMCs and Ang II suppressed miR-145 expression in HCASMCs. Ang II repression of miR145 expression resulted in increased Klf4 and decreased myocardin expression under conditions of high glucose. Overexpression of miR-145 significantly decreased Klf4 and increased myocardin expression and inhibited HCASMC proliferation and migration induced by a high glucose state. Balloon injury of the carotid artery in diabetic rats was performed to investigate miR-145, Klf and myocardin expression. The expression of miR-145 was maximally increased at 7 d after carotid injury and gradually declined thereafter. Overexpression of miR-145 and treatment with valsartan reversed Klf4 and myocardin protein expression induced by balloon injury and improved vascular injury. In conclusion, our study reveals that Ang II downregulates miR-145 to regulate Klf4 and myocardin expression in HCASMCs under high glucose conditions. Ang II plays a critical role in the regulation of miR-145 under hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou-Gi Shyu
- Division of Cardiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bao-Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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McLendon JM, Joshi SR, Sparks J, Matar M, Fewell JG, Abe K, Oka M, McMurtry IF, Gerthoffer WT. Lipid nanoparticle delivery of a microRNA-145 inhibitor improves experimental pulmonary hypertension. J Control Release 2015; 210:67-75. [PMID: 25979327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.05.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapies that exploit RNA interference (RNAi) hold great potential for improving disease outcomes. However, there are several challenges that limit the application of RNAi therapeutics. One of the most important challenges is effective delivery of oligonucleotides to target cells and reduced delivery to non-target cells. We have previously developed a functionalized cationic lipopolyamine (Star:Star-mPEG-550) for in vivo delivery of siRNA to pulmonary vascular cells. This optimized lipid formulation enhances the retention of siRNA in mouse lungs and achieves significant knockdown of target gene expression for at least 10days following a single intravenous injection. Although this suggests great potential for developing lung-directed RNAi-based therapies, the application of Star:Star-mPEG mediated delivery of RNAi based therapies for pulmonary vascular diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains unknown. We identified differential expression of several microRNAs known to regulate cell proliferation, cell survival and cell fate that are associated with development of PAH, including increased expression of microRNA-145 (miR-145). Here we test the hypothesis that Star:Star-mPEG mediated delivery of an antisense oligonucleotide against miR-145 (antimiR-145) will improve established PAH in rats. We performed a series of experiments testing the in vivo distribution, toxicity, and efficacy of Star:Star-mPEG mediated delivery of antimiR-145 in rats with Sugen-5416/hypoxia induced PAH. We showed that after subchronic therapy of three intravenous injections over 5weeks at 2mg/kg, antimiR-145 accumulated in rat lung tissue and reduced expression of endogenous miR-145. Using a novel in situ hybridization approach, we demonstrated substantial distribution of antimiR-145 in the lungs as well as the liver, kidney, and spleen. We assessed toxic effects of Star:Star-mPEG/antimiR-145 with serial complete blood counts of leukocytes and serum metabolic panels, gross pathology, and histopathology and did not detect significant off-target effects. AntimiR-145 reduced the degree of pulmonary arteriopathy, reduced the severity of pulmonary hypertension, and reduced the degree of cardiac dysfunction. The results establish effective and low toxicity of lung delivery of a miRNA-145 inhibitor using functionalized cationic lipopolyamine nanoparticles to repair pulmonary arteriopathy and improve cardiac function in rats with severe PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M McLendon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
| | - Sachindra R Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Jeff Sparks
- Celsion-EGEN, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Majed Matar
- Celsion-EGEN, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | | | - Kohtaro Abe
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Masahiko Oka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Ivan F McMurtry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - William T Gerthoffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
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Hutcheson R, Terry R, Hutcheson B, Jadhav R, Chaplin J, Smith E, Barrington R, Proctor SD, Rocic P. miR-21-mediated decreased neutrophil apoptosis is a determinant of impaired coronary collateral growth in metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1323-35. [PMID: 25840830 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00654.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Coronary collateral growth (CCG) is impaired in metabolic syndrome. microRNA-21 (miR-21) is a proproliferative and antiapoptotic miR, which we showed to be elevated in metabolic syndrome. Here we investigate whether impaired CCG in metabolic syndrome involved miR-21-mediated aberrant apoptosis. Normal Sprague-Dawley (SD) and metabolic syndrome [J. C. Russel (JCR)] rats underwent transient, repetitive coronary artery occlusion [repetitive ischemia (RI)]. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2, phospho-Bad, and Bcl-2/Bax dimers were increased on days 6 and 9 RI, and proapoptotic Bax and Bax/Bax dimers and cytochrome-c release concurrently decreased in JCR versus SD rats. Active caspases were decreased in JCR versus SD rats (~50%). Neutrophils increased transiently on day 3 RI in the collateral-dependent zone of SD rats but remained elevated in JCR rats, paralleling miR-21 expression. miR-21 downregulation by anti-miR-21 induced neutrophil apoptosis and decreased Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax dimers (~75%) while increasing Bax/Bax dimers, cytochrome-c release, and caspase activation (~70, 400, and 400%). Anti-miR-21 also improved CCG in JCR rats (~60%). Preventing neutrophil infiltration with blocking antibodies resulted in equivalent CCG recovery, confirming a major role for deregulated neutrophil apoptosis in CCG impairment. Neutrophil and miR-21-dependent CCG inhibition was in significant part mediated by increased oxidative stress. We conclude that neutrophil apoptosis is integral to normal CCG and that inappropriate prolonged miR-21-mediated survival of neutrophils plays a major role in impaired CCG, in part via oxidative stress generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Russell Terry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Brenda Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Rashmi Jadhav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Jennifer Chaplin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Erika Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Robert Barrington
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama; and
| | - Spencer D Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York;
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Mao N, Gu T, Shi E, Zhang G, Yu L, Wang C. Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in animal model of rat thoracic aortic aneurysm. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015; 21:62-70. [PMID: 25829166 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore if there is phenotypic switching in the vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) of rat thoracic aortic aneurysms and the role it plays in the process of aneurysm formation. METHODS Male SD white rats were assigned randomly to the aneurysm group (AG) and control group (CG). The animal aneurysm model was obtained by soaking the peri-adventitia with porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE). The rats in the CG were given saline to provide contrast. A vascular ultrasound was used to monitor the diameter of the aneurysm. Specimens were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), and α-SMA, SM-MHC, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were detected with immunohistochemistry staining. α-SMA, SM-MHC, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were conducted with western blot. vSMCs taken from the descending aorta of both of the CG and AG were separated and cultured until Passage 3. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method were used to analyse cell proliferation. Western blot was used to evaluate MMP-2, MMP-9 expression and flow cytometry was employed to assess cell apoptosis. RESULTS Vascular ultrasound showed obvious dilatation of soaked descending aorta. HE staining showed thickening of thoracic aorta and disarrangement of cells after soaking with PPE. Immunohistochemistry staining showed high expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 but low expression of SM-MHC and α-SMA in the AG. Tissue western blot analysis of the AG showed that the protein gray value was high in MMP-2 and MMP-9, but low in α-SMA and SM-MHC, which had statistical differences compared with CG with a P-value of <0.05. MTT analysis showed vSMC proliferation activity was higher in the AG than in the CG. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that cell apoptosis between the control and aneurysm groups had significant statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS There is vSMC phenotypic switching in animal models as seen through the rat thoracic aortic aneurysms. This may play an important role in the formation of aneurysms. Our findings are relevant to human aneurysms and may be conducive in the research of aortic aneurysm pathology and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihui Mao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianxiang Gu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Enyi Shi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Qi L, Zhi J, Zhang T, Cao X, Sun L, Xu Y, Li X. Inhibition of microRNA-25 by tumor necrosis factor α is critical in the modulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4353-8. [PMID: 25672882 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease are characterized by a hyperplastic neointima and inflammation involving cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α). TNF‑α is pleiotropic and mediates inflammation and proliferation in various cell types, such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The molecular mechanism for the pleiotropic effects of TNF‑α has not previously been fully elucidated. The current study identified that the expression of microRNA‑25 (miR‑25), a small noncoding RNA, was reduced in response to TNF‑α signaling in VSMCs. Restored miR‑25 expression inhibited cell proliferation and Ki‑67 expression. The present study indicated that cyclin‑dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was the direct target gene of miR‑25 using mRNA and protein expression analysis, and luciferase assays. It was also observed that restored CDK6 expression in the miR‑25 mimic‑treated VSMCs partly reduced miR‑25‑mediated VSMC proliferation. In conclusion, miR‑25 is suggested to be important in TNF‑α‑induced abnormal proliferation of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Qi
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jixin Zhi
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xue Cao
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lixiu Sun
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xueqi Li
- Cardiovascular Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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MiR-214 regulates the pathogenesis of patients with coronary artery disease by targeting VEGF. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 402:111-22. [PMID: 25575606 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in patient body fluids have recently been considered to hold the potential of being novel disease biomarkers and drug targets. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the levels of circulating miR-214 and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease patients to further explore the mechanism involved in the vasculogenesis. Three different cohorts, including 13 acute myocardial infarction patients, 176 angina pectoris patients, and 127 control subjects, were enrolled to investigate the expression levels of circulating miR-214 in patients with myocardial ischemia and also the relationship between plasma miR-214 and severity of coronary stenosis. Plasma miR-214 levels of participants were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. Simultaneously, plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations were measured by ELISA assays. We further detected the correlation of miR-214 and VEGF by molecular and animal assays. MiR-214 was enriched in not only diseased endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) but also the plasma of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Besides, we found out miR-214 was able to suppress VEGF expression and EPC activities. Reporter assays confirmed the direct binding and repression of miR-214 to the 39-UTR of VEGF mRNA. Knockdown of miR-214 not only restored VEGF levels and angiogenic activities of diseased EPCs in vitro, but also further promoted blood flow recovery in ischemic limbs of mice. Circulating miR-214 may be a new biomarker for CAD and as a potential diagnostic tool. And increased miR-214 level may be used to predict the presence and severity of coronary lesions in CAD patients.
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Maegdefessel L, Rayner KJ, Leeper NJ. MicroRNA Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Function and Phenotype. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2-6. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Maegdefessel
- From the Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine (L8:03), Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.); Cardiometabolic microRNA Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada (K.J.R.); and Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, CA (N.J.L.)
| | - Katey J. Rayner
- From the Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine (L8:03), Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.); Cardiometabolic microRNA Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada (K.J.R.); and Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, CA (N.J.L.)
| | - Nicholas J. Leeper
- From the Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine (L8:03), Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.); Cardiometabolic microRNA Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada (K.J.R.); and Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, CA (N.J.L.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Z Wall
- From the Departments of Pathology (V.Z.W., K.E.B.) and Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition (K.E.B.), Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- From the Departments of Pathology (V.Z.W., K.E.B.) and Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition (K.E.B.), Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
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Zhang Q, Liu H, Soukup GA, He DZZ. Identifying microRNAs involved in aging of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112857. [PMID: 25405349 PMCID: PMC4236067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss is a progressive sensorineural hearing loss that occurs during aging. Degeneration of the organ of Corti and atrophy of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct (or scala media) in the inner ear are the two primary causes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of mRNA/protein targets, are important regulators of cellular senescence and aging. We examined miRNA gene expression profiles in the lateral wall of two mouse strains, along with exploration of the potential targets of those miRNAs that showed dynamic expression during aging. We show that 95 and 60 miRNAs exhibited differential expression in C57 and CBA mice during aging, respectively. A majority of downregulated miRNAs are known to regulate pathways of cell proliferation and differentiation, while all upregulated miRNAs are known regulators in the pro-apoptotic pathways. By using apoptosis-related gene array and bioinformatic approaches to predict miRNA targets, we identify candidate miRNA-regulated genes that regulate apoptosis pathways in the lateral wall of C57 and CBA mice during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Huizhan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Garrett A. Soukup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (DH)
| | - David Z. Z. He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (DH)
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