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Jewell MP, Ashour Z, Baird CH, Manco Johnson M, Warren BB, Wufsus AR, Pallini C, Dockal M, Kjalke M, Neeves KB. Concizumab improves clot formation in hemophilia A under flow. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:2438-2448. [PMID: 38815755 PMCID: PMC11343664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is an emerging therapeutic strategy for treatment of hemophilia. Concizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds TFPI and blocks its inhibition of factor (F)Xa thereby extending the initiation of coagulation and compensating for lack of FVIII or FIX. OBJECTIVES The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate how concizumab affects clot formation in hemophilia A under flow. METHODS Blood was collected from normal controls or people with hemophilia A. An anti-FVIII antibody was added to normal controls to simulate hemophilia A with inhibitory antibodies to FVIII. Whole blood and recombinant activated FVII (rFVIIa, 25 nM) or concizumab (200, 1000, and 4000 ng/mL) were perfused at 100 s-1 over a surface micropatterned with tissue factor (TF) and collagen-related peptide. Platelet and fibrin(ogen) accumulation were measured by confocal microscopy. Static thrombin generation in plasma was measured in response to rFVIIa and concizumab. RESULTS Concizumab (1000 and 4000 ng/mL) and rFVIIa both rescued (93%-101%) total platelet accumulation, but only partially rescued (53%-63%) fibrin(ogen) incorporation to normal control levels in simulated hemophilia A. Results using congenital hemophilia A blood confirmed effects of rFVIIa and concizumab. While these 2 agents had similar effect on clot formation under flow, concizumab enhanced thrombin generation in plasma under static conditions to a greater extent than rFVIIa. CONCLUSION TFPI inhibition by concizumab enhanced activation and aggregation of platelets and fibrin clot formation in hemophilia A to levels comparable with that of rFVIIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan P Jewell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Zaina Ashour
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christine H Baird
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marilyn Manco Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Beth Boulden Warren
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Adam R Wufsus
- Rare Blood Disorders, Medical Affairs Rare Disease, Novo Nordisk Inc, Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Chiara Pallini
- Rare Blood Disorders, Rare Disease Research, Novo Nordisk, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Michael Dockal
- Rare Blood Disorders, Rare Disease Research, Novo Nordisk, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Marianne Kjalke
- Rare Blood Disorders, Rare Disease Research, Novo Nordisk, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Keith B Neeves
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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Qiu J, Ma J, Dong Z, Ren Q, Shan Q, Liu J, Gao M, Liu G, Zhang S, Qu G, Jiang G, Liu S. Lung megakaryocytes engulf inhaled airborne particles to promote intrapulmonary inflammation and extrapulmonary distribution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7396. [PMID: 39191805 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51686-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Many lung immune cells are known to respond to inhaled particulate matter. However, current known responses cannot explain how particles induce thrombosis in the lung and how they translocate to distant organs. Here, we demonstrate that lung megakaryocytes (MKs) in the alveolar and interstitial regions display location-determined characteristics and act as crucial responders to inhaled particles. They move rapidly to engulf particles and become activated with upregulation in inflammatory responses and thrombopoiesis. Comprehensive in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo results unraveled that MKs were involved in particle-induced lung damages and shed particle-containing platelets into blood circulation. Moreover, MK-derived platelets exhibited faster clotting, stronger adhesion than normal resting platelets, and inherited the engulfed particles from parent MKs to assist in extrapulmonary particle transportation. Our findings collectively highlight that the specific responses of MKs towards inhaled particles and their roles in facilitating the translocation of particles from the lungs to extrapulmonary organs for clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - Zheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Quanzhong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100035, P. R. China
| | - Qing'e Shan
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Center of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Centre for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
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Liu KT, Wang PW, Hsieh HY, Pan HC, Chin HJ, Lin CW, Huang YJ, Liao YC, Tsai YC, Liu SR, Su IC, Song YF, Yin GC, Wu KC, Chuang EY, Fan YJR, Yu J. Site-specific thrombus formation: advancements in photothrombosis-on-a-chip technology. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3422-3433. [PMID: 38860416 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Thrombosis, characterized by blood clot formation within vessels, poses a significant medical challenge. Despite extensive research, the development of effective thrombosis therapies is hindered by substantial costs, lengthy development times, and high failure rates in medication commercialization. Conventional pre-clinical models often oversimplify cardiovascular disease, leading to a disparity between experimental results and human physiological responses. In response, we have engineered a photothrombosis-on-a-chip system. This microfluidic model integrates human endothelium, human whole blood, and blood flow dynamics and employs the photothrombotic method. It enables precise, site-specific thrombus induction through controlled laser irradiation, effectively mimicking both normal and thrombotic physiological conditions on a single chip. Additionally, the system allows for the fine-tuning of thrombus occlusion levels via laser parameter adjustments, offering a flexible thrombus model with varying degrees of obstruction. Additionally, the formation and progression of thrombosis noted on the chip closely resemble the thrombotic conditions observed in mice in previous studies. In the experiments, we perfused recalcified whole blood with Rose Bengal into an endothelialized microchannel and initiated photothrombosis using green laser irradiation. Various imaging methods verified the model's ability to precisely control thrombus formation and occlusion levels. The effectiveness of clinical drugs, including heparin and rt-PA, was assessed, confirming the chip's potential in drug screening applications. In summary, the photothrombosis-on-a-chip system significantly advances human thrombosis modeling. Its precise control over thrombus formation, flexibility in the thrombus severity levels, and capability to simulate dual physiological states on a single platform make it an invaluable tool for targeted drug testing, furthering the development of organ-on-a-chip drug screening techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Pai-Wen Wang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yun Hsieh
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Medical Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chi Pan
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei 115021, Taiwan
| | - Hsian-Jean Chin
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei 115021, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chieh Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Chun Tsai
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ru Liu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Su
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Fang Song
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
| | - Gung-Chian Yin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chong Wu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jui Ray Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Nurden AT. Molecular basis of clot retraction and its role in wound healing. Thromb Res 2023; 231:159-169. [PMID: 36008192 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clot retraction is important for the prevention of bleeding, in the manifestations of thrombosis and for tissue repair. The molecular mechanisms behind clot formation are complex. Platelet involvement begins with adhesion at sites of vessel injury followed by platelet aggregation, thrombin generation and fibrin production. Other blood cells incorporate into a fibrin mesh that is consolidated by FXIIIa-mediated crosslinking and platelet contractile activity. The latter results in the asymmetric redistribution of erythrocytes into a tighter central mass providing the clot with stability and resistance to fibrinolysis. Integrin αIIbβ3 on platelets is the key player in these events, bridging fibrin and the platelet cytoskeleton. Glycoprotein VI participates in thrombus formation but not in the retraction. Rheological and environmental factors influence clot construction with retraction driven by the platelet cytoskeleton with actomyosin acting as the motor. Activated platelets provide procoagulant activity stimulating thrombin generation together with the release of a plethora of biologically active proteins and substances from storage pools; many form chemotactic gradients within the fibrin or the underlying matrix. Also released are newly synthesized metabolites and lipid-rich vesicles that circulate within the vasculature and mimic platelet functions. Platelets and their released elements play key roles in wound healing. This includes promoting stem cell and mesenchymal stromal cell recruitment, fibroblast and endothelial cell migration, angiogenesis and matrix formation. These properties have led to the use of autologous clots in therapies designed to accelerate tissue repair while offering the potential for genetic manipulation in both inherited and acquired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan T Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Pessac, France.
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5
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Fernández DI, Diender M, Hermida-Nogueira L, Huang J, Veiras S, Henskens YMC, Te Loo MWM, Heemskerk JWM, Kuijpers MJE, García Á. Role of SHP2 (PTPN11) in glycoprotein VI-dependent thrombus formation: Improved platelet responsiveness by the allosteric drug SHP099 in Noonan syndrome patients. Thromb Res 2023; 228:105-116. [PMID: 37302266 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 (PTPN11) is a negative regulator of glycoprotein VI (GPVI)-induced platelet signal under certain conditions. Clinical trials with derivatives of the allosteric drug SHP099, inhibiting SHP2, are ongoing as potential therapy for solid cancers. Gain-of-function mutations of the PTPN11 gene are observed in part of the patients with the Noonan syndrome, associated with a mild bleeding disorder. Assessment of the effects of SHP2 inhibition in platelets from controls and Noonan syndrome patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Washed human platelets were incubated with SHP099 and stimulated with collagen-related peptide (CRP) for stirred aggregation and flow cytometric measurements. Whole-blood microfluidics assays using a dosed collagen and tissue factor coating were performed to assess shear-dependent thrombus and fibrin formation. Effects on clot formation were evaluated by thromboelastometry. RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of SHP2 did not alter GPVI-dependent platelet aggregation under stirring, but it enhanced integrin αIIbβ3 activation in response to CRP. Using whole-blood microfluidics, SHP099 increased the thrombus buildup on collagen surfaces. In the presence of tissue factor and coagulation, SHP099 increased thrombus size and reduced time to fibrin formation. Blood from PTPN11-mutated Noonan syndrome patients, with low platelet responsiveness, after ex vivo treatment with SHP099 showed a normalized platelet function. In thromboelastometry, SHP2 inhibition tended to increase tissue factor-induced blood clotting profiles with tranexamic acid, preventing fibrinolysis. CONCLUSION Pharmacological inhibition of SHP2 by the allosteric drug SHP099 enhances GPVI-induced platelet activation under shear conditions with a potential to improve platelet functions of Noonan syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia I Fernández
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Marije Diender
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Amalia children's hospital, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lidia Hermida-Nogueira
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jingnan Huang
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; ISAS Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sonia Veiras
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yvonne M C Henskens
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Unit for Hemostasis and Transfusion, Maastricht University Medical Centre(+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maroeska W M Te Loo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Amalia children's hospital, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Synapse Research Institute, Kon. Emmaplein 7, 6217 KD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Thrombosis Expertise Centre, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre(+), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Ángel García
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Muravlev IA, Dobrovolsky AB, Antonova OA, Khaspekova SG, Mazurov AV. Effects of platelets activated by different agonists on fibrin formation and thrombin generation. Platelets 2022; 34:2139365. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2139365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A. Muravlev
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly B. Dobrovolsky
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A. Antonova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana G. Khaspekova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V. Mazurov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Abstract
SignificanceFibrin plays a vital role in biology as the fibrous network that stabilizes blood clots and also through interaction with numerous blood components. While much is known about fibrin mechanics, comparatively little is known about how fibrin's mechanics influence its biochemistry. We show that structural changes in fibrin under mechanical tension reduces binding of tissue plasminogen activator, an enzyme that initiates lysis. Furthermore, these structural transitions also led to decreased platelet activation through suppressed binding between platelet integrins and fibrin. Our work shows that fibrin possesses an intrinsic mechano-chemical feedback loop that regulates its bioactivity via molecular structural rearrangements.
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Brinkman HJM, Swieringa F, Zuurveld M, Veninga A, Brouns SLN, Heemskerk JWM, Meijers JCM. Reversing direct factor Xa or thrombin inhibitors: Factor V addition to prothrombin complex concentrate is beneficial in vitro. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12699. [PMID: 35494506 PMCID: PMC9036856 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is a human plasma‐derived mixture of partially purified vitamin K‐dependent coagulation factors (VKCF). Current therapeutic indication is treatment and perioperative prophylaxis of bleeding in acquired VKCF deficiency. Off‐label uses include treatment of direct factor Xa‐ or thrombin inhibitor‐associated bleeds, treatment of trauma‐induced coagulopathy, and hemorrhagic complications in patients with liver disease. Objective Considering PCC as a general prohemostatic drug, we argued that its clinical efficacy can benefit from supplementation with coagulation factors that are absent in the current PCC formulation. In this study, we focused on factor V. Methods We mimicked a coagulopathy in vitro by spiking whole blood or derived plasma with the direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) rivaroxaban or dabigatran. We studied DOAC reversal by PCC and factor V concentrate (FVC) using a thrombin generation assay, thromboelastography, fibrin generation clot lysis test, and microfluidic thrombus formation under flow. Results In DOAC‐treated plasma, PCC increased the amount of thrombin generated. The addition of FVC alone or in combination with PCC caused a partial correction of the thrombin generation lag time and clotting time. In DOAC‐treated whole blood, the combination of PCC and FVC synergistically improved clotting time under static conditions, whereas complete correction of fibrin formation was observed under flow. Clot strength and clot resistance toward tissue plasminogen activator‐induced lysis were both increased with PCC and further enhanced by additional FVC. Conclusion Our in vitro study demonstrates a beneficial effect of the combined use of PCC and FVC in DOAC reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
- Synapse Research Institute Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Zuurveld
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alicia Veninga
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Sanne L. N. Brouns
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
- Synapse Research Institute Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Joost C. M. Meijers
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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9
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Finding the “switch” in platelet activation prediction of key mediators involved in reversal of platelet activation using a novel network biology approach. J Proteomics 2022; 261:104577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Brouns SLN, Tullemans BME, Bulato C, Perrella G, Campello E, Spiezia L, van Geffen J, Kuijpers MJE, van Oerle R, Spronk HH, van der Meijden PEJ, Simioni P, Heemskerk JWM. Protein C or Protein S deficiency associates with paradoxically impaired platelet-dependent thrombus and fibrin formation under flow. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12678. [PMID: 35284776 PMCID: PMC8900581 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low plasma levels of protein C or protein S are associated with venous thromboembolism rather than myocardial infarction. The high coagulant activity in patients with thrombophilia with a (familial) defect in protein C or S is explained by defective protein C activation, involving thrombomodulin and protein S. This causes increased plasmatic thrombin generation. Objective Assess the role of platelets in the thrombus- and fibrin-forming potential in patients with familial protein C or protein S deficiency under high-shear flow conditions. Patients/Methods Whole blood from 23 patients and 15 control subjects was perfused over six glycoprotein VI-dependent microspot surfaces. By real-time multicolor microscopic imaging, kinetics of platelet thrombus and fibrin formation were characterized in 49 parameters. Results and Conclusion Whole-blood flow perfusion over collagen, collagen-like peptide, and fibrin surfaces with low or high GPVI dependency indicated an unexpected impairment of platelet activation, thrombus phenotype, and fibrin formation but unchanged platelet adhesion, observed in patients with protein C deficiency and to a lesser extent protein S deficiency, when compared to controls. The defect extended from diminished phosphatidylserine exposure and thrombus contraction to delayed and suppressed fibrin formation. The mechanism was thrombomodulin independent, and may involve negative platelet priming by plasma components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L. N. Brouns
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Bibian M. E. Tullemans
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Cristiana Bulato
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Padua Medical SchoolPadovaItaly
| | - Gina Perrella
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Elena Campello
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Padua Medical SchoolPadovaItaly
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Padua Medical SchoolPadovaItaly
| | - Johanna P. van Geffen
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Marijke J. E. Kuijpers
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - René van Oerle
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Henri M. H. Spronk
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Paola E. J. van der Meijden
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Padua Medical SchoolPadovaItaly
| | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal MedicineCARIMMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Synapse Research InstituteMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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Freiherr von Seckendorff A, Delvoye F, Levant P, Solo Nomenjanahary M, Ollivier V, Bourrienne MC, Di Meglio L, Piotin M, Escalard S, Maier B, Hebert S, Smajda S, Redjem H, Mazighi M, Blanc R, Ho-Tin-Noé B, Désilles JP. Modeling Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke for the Evaluation of Endovascular Therapy According to Thrombus Composition. Front Neurol 2022; 12:815814. [PMID: 35153990 PMCID: PMC8829452 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.815814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 40% of endovascular therapy (EVT) fail to achieve complete reperfusion of the territory of the occluded artery in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Understanding factors influencing EVT could help overcome its limitations. Our objective was to study the impact of thrombus cell composition on EVT procedures, using a simulation system for modeling thrombus-induced large vessel occlusion (LVO) in flow conditions. In an open comparative trial, we analyzed the behavior of size-standardized platelet-rich and red blood cells (RBC)-rich thrombi during simulated stent retriever-mediated EVT procedures. Sixteen simulated EVT procedures were performed (8 RBC- vs. 8 platelet-rich thrombi). Platelet-rich thrombi were associated with a higher number of stent retriever passes (p = 0.03) and a longer procedure duration (p = 0.02) compared to RBC-rich thrombi. Conversely, RBC-rich thrombi released more embolic fragments than platelet-rich thrombi (p = 0.004). Both RBC-rich and platelet-rich thrombi underwent drastic compaction after being injected into the in vitro circulation model, and histologic analyses showed that these EVT-retrieved thrombi displayed features comparable to those previously observed in thrombi from patients with AIS patients having LVO, including a marked structural dichotomy between RBC- and platelet-rich areas. Our results show that the injection of in vitro-produced thrombi in artificial cerebrovascular arterial networks is suitable for testing recanalization efficacy and the risk of embolization of EVT devices and strategies in association with thrombus cell composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Freiherr von Seckendorff
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - François Delvoye
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Paul Levant
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Mialitiana Solo Nomenjanahary
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Bourrienne
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Lucas Di Meglio
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Michel Piotin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Simon Escalard
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Maier
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Solène Hebert
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Stanislas Smajda
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Hocine Redjem
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Mikael Mazighi
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Raphael Blanc
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ho-Tin-Noé
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Désilles
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Biological Resource Center, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Philippe Désilles
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Abstract
Mechanical properties have been extensively studied in pure elastic or viscous materials; however, most biomaterials possess both physical properties in a viscoelastic component. How the biomechanics of a fibrin clot is related to its composition and the microenvironment where it is formed is not yet fully understood. This review gives an outline of the building mechanisms for blood clot mechanical properties and how they relate to clot function. The formation of a blood clot in health conditions or the formation of a dangerous thrombus go beyond the mere polymerization of fibrinogen into a fibrin network. The complex composition and localization of in vivo fibrin clots demonstrate the interplay between fibrin and/or fibrinogen and blood cells. Studying these protein–cell interactions and clot mechanical properties may represent new methods for the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases (the leading cause of death worldwide), creating new possibilities for clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 51 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco M. Domingues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filomena A. Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno C. Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Navarro S, Stegner D, Nieswandt B, Heemskerk JWM, Kuijpers MJE. Temporal Roles of Platelet and Coagulation Pathways in Collagen- and Tissue Factor-Induced Thrombus Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010358. [PMID: 35008781 PMCID: PMC8745329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In hemostasis and thrombosis, the complex process of thrombus formation involves different molecular pathways of platelet and coagulation activation. These pathways are considered as operating together at the same time, but this has not been investigated. The objective of our study was to elucidate the time-dependency of key pathways of thrombus and clot formation, initiated by collagen and tissue factor surfaces, where coagulation is triggered via the extrinsic route. Therefore, we adapted a microfluidics whole-blood assay with the Maastricht flow chamber to acutely block molecular pathways by pharmacological intervention at desired time points. Application of the technique revealed crucial roles of glycoprotein VI (GPVI)-induced platelet signaling via Syk kinase as well as factor VIIa-induced thrombin generation, which were confined to the first minutes of thrombus buildup. A novel anti-GPVI Fab EMF-1 was used for this purpose. In addition, platelet activation with the protease-activating receptors 1/4 (PAR1/4) and integrin αIIbβ3 appeared to be prolongedly active and extended to later stages of thrombus and clot formation. This work thereby revealed a more persistent contribution of thrombin receptor-induced platelet activation than of collagen receptor-induced platelet activation to the thrombotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Navarro
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany; (S.N.); (D.S.); (B.N.)
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany; (S.N.); (D.S.); (B.N.)
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany; (S.N.); (D.S.); (B.N.)
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Synapse Research Institute, Kon. Emmaplein 7, 6214 KD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.W.M.H.); (M.J.E.K.); Tel.: +31-43-3881674 (M.J.E.K.)
| | - Marijke J. E. Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Professor Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.W.M.H.); (M.J.E.K.); Tel.: +31-43-3881674 (M.J.E.K.)
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14
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Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Sunitinib Delays Platelet-Induced Coagulation: Additive Effects of Aspirin. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:92-104. [PMID: 34130349 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sunitinib is a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used for cancer treatment. In platelets, sunitinib affects collagen-induced activation under noncoagulating conditions. We investigated (1) the effects of sunitinib on thrombus formation induced by other TK-dependent receptors, and (2) the effects under coagulating conditions. Cardiovascular disease is a comorbidity in cancer patients, resulting in possible aspirin treatment. Sunitinib and aspirin are associated with increased bleeding risk, and therefore we also investigated (3) the synergistic effects of these compounds on thrombus and fibrin formation. METHODS Blood or isolated platelets from healthy volunteers or cancer patients were incubated with sunitinib and/or aspirin or vehicle. Platelet activation was determined by TK phosphorylation, flow cytometry, changes in [Ca2+]i, aggregometry, and whole blood perfusion over multiple surfaces, including collagen with(out) tissue factor (TF) was performed. RESULTS Sunitinib reduced thrombus formation and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure under flow on collagen type I and III. Also, sunitinib inhibited glycoprotein VI-induced TK phosphorylation and Ca2+ elevation. Upon TF-triggered coagulation, sunitinib decreased PS exposure and fibrin formation. In blood from cancer patients more pronounced effects of sunitinib were observed in lung and pancreatic as compared to neuroglioblastoma and other cancer types. Compared to sunitinib alone, sunitinib plus aspirin further reduced platelet aggregation, thrombus formation, and PS exposure on collagen under flow with(out) coagulation. CONCLUSION Sunitinib suppresses collagen-induced procoagulant activity and delays fibrin formation, which was aggravated by aspirin. Therefore, we urge for awareness of the combined antiplatelet effects of TKIs with aspirin, as this may result in increased risk of bleeding.
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15
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Flow studies on human GPVI-deficient blood under coagulating and noncoagulating conditions. Blood Adv 2021; 4:2953-2961. [PMID: 32603422 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) in platelets was investigated in 3 families bearing an insertion within the GP6 gene that introduces a premature stop codon prior to the transmembrane domain, leading to expression of a truncated protein in the cytoplasm devoid of the transmembrane region. Western blotting and flow cytometry of GP6hom (homozygous) platelets confirmed loss of the full protein. The level of the Fc receptor γ-chain, which associates with GPVI in the membrane, was partially reduced, but expression of other receptors and signaling proteins was not altered. Spreading of platelets on collagen and von Willebrand factor (which supports partial spreading) was abolished in GP6hom platelets, and spreading on uncoated glass was reduced. Anticoagulated whole blood flowed over immobilized collagen or a mixture of von Willebrand factor, laminin, and rhodocytin (noncollagen surface) generated stable platelet aggregates that express phosphatidylserine (PS). Both responses were blocked on the 2 surfaces in GP6hom individuals, but adhesion was not altered. Thrombin generation was partially reduced in GP6hom blood. The frequency of the GP6het (heterozygous) variant in a representative sample of the Chilean population (1212 donors) is 2.9%, indicating that there are ∼4000 GP6hom individuals in Chile. These results demonstrate that GPVI supports aggregation and PS exposure under flow on collagen and noncollagen surfaces, but not adhesion. The retention of adhesion may contribute to the mild bleeding diathesis of GP6hom patients and account for why so few of the estimated 4000 GP6hom individuals in Chile have been identified.
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16
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Bender M, Palankar R. Platelet Shape Changes during Thrombus Formation: Role of Actin-Based Protrusions. Hamostaseologie 2021; 41:14-21. [PMID: 33588449 DOI: 10.1055/a-1325-0993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet activation and aggregation are essential to limit blood loss at sites of vascular injury but may also lead to occlusion of diseased vessels. The platelet cytoskeleton is a critical component for proper hemostatic function. Platelets change their shape after activation and their contractile machinery mediates thrombus stabilization and clot retraction. In vitro studies have shown that platelets, which come into contact with proteins such as fibrinogen, spread and first form filopodia and then lamellipodia, the latter being plate-like protrusions with branched actin filaments. However, the role of platelet lamellipodia in hemostasis and thrombus formation has been unclear until recently. This short review will briefly summarize the recent findings on the contribution of the actin cytoskeleton and lamellipodial structures to platelet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine - Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Raghavendra Palankar
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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17
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van Geffen JP, Swieringa F, van Kuijk K, Tullemans BME, Solari FA, Peng B, Clemetson KJ, Farndale RW, Dubois LJ, Sickmann A, Zahedi RP, Ahrends R, Biessen EAL, Sluimer JC, Heemskerk JWM, Kuijpers MJE. Mild hyperlipidemia in mice aggravates platelet responsiveness in thrombus formation and exploration of platelet proteome and lipidome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21407. [PMID: 33293576 PMCID: PMC7722935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Millions of people worldwide display mildly elevated levels of plasma lipids and cholesterol linked to diet and life-style. While the prothrombotic risk of severe hyperlipidemia has been established, the effects of moderate hyperlipidemia are less clear. Here, we studied platelet activation and arterial thrombus formation in Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- mice fed a normal chow diet, resulting in mildly increased plasma cholesterol. In blood from both knockout mice, collagen-dependent thrombus and fibrin formation under flow were enhanced. These effects did not increase in severe hyperlipidemic blood from aged mice and upon feeding a high-fat diet (Apoe-/- mice). Bone marrow from wild-type or Ldlr-/- mice was transplanted into irradiated Ldlr-/- recipients. Markedly, thrombus formation was enhanced in blood from chimeric mice, suggesting that the hyperlipidemic environment altered the wild-type platelets, rather than the genetic modification. The platelet proteome revealed high similarity between the three genotypes, without clear indication for a common protein-based gain-of-function. The platelet lipidome revealed an altered lipid profile in mildly hyperlipidemic mice. In conclusion, in Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- mice, modest elevation in plasma and platelet cholesterol increased platelet responsiveness in thrombus formation and ensuing fibrin formation, resulting in a prothrombotic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna P van Geffen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kim van Kuijk
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bibian M E Tullemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fiorella A Solari
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bing Peng
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kenneth J Clemetson
- Department of Haematology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany.,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith C Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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18
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Perrella G, Huang J, Provenzale I, Swieringa F, Heubel-Moenen FCJI, Farndale RW, Roest M, van der Meijden PEJ, Thomas M, Ariëns RAS, Jandrot-Perrus M, Watson SP, Heemskerk JWM. Nonredundant Roles of Platelet Glycoprotein VI and Integrin αIIbβ3 in Fibrin-Mediated Microthrombus Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:e97-e111. [PMID: 33267658 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibrin is considered to strengthen thrombus formation via integrin αIIbβ3, but recent findings indicate that fibrin can also act as ligand for platelet glycoprotein VI. Approach and Results: To investigate the thrombus-forming potential of fibrin and the roles of platelet receptors herein, we generated a range of immobilized fibrin surfaces, some of which were cross-linked with factor XIIIa and contained VWF-BP (von Willebrand factor-binding peptide). Multicolor microfluidics assays with whole-blood flowed at high shear rate (1000 s-1) indicated that the fibrin surfaces, regardless of the presence of factor XIIIa or VWF-BP, supported platelet adhesion and activation (P-selectin expression), but only microthrombi were formed consisting of bilayers of platelets. Fibrinogen surfaces produced similar microthrombi. Markedly, tiggering of coagulation with tissue factor or blocking of thrombin no more than moderately affected the fibrin-induced microthrombus formation. Absence of αIIbβ3 in Glanzmann thrombasthenia annulled platelet adhesion. Blocking of glycoprotein VI with Fab 9O12 substantially, but incompletely reduced platelet secretion, Ca2+ signaling and aggregation, while inhibition of Syk further reduced these responses. In platelet suspension, glycoprotein VI blockage or Syk inhibition prevented fibrin-induced platelet aggregation. Microthrombi on fibrin surfaces triggered only minimal thrombin generation, in spite of thrombin binding to the fibrin fibers. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results indicate that fibrin fibers, regardless of their way of formation, act as a consolidating surface in microthrombus formation via nonredundant roles of platelet glycoprotein VI and integrin αIIbβ3 through signaling via Syk and low-level Ca2+ rises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Perrella
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.P., M.T., S.P.W.)
| | - Jingnan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
- ISAS Institute, Dortmund, DE (J.H.)
| | - Isabella Provenzale
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
| | | | - Richard W Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (R.W.F.)
| | - Mark Roest
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands (M.R.)
| | - Paola E J van der Meijden
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
| | - Mark Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.P., M.T., S.P.W.)
| | - Robert A S Ariëns
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
- Department of Discovery and Translational Science, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (R.A.S.A.)
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- UMR S1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, INSERM, University Paris Diderot, France (M.J.-P.)
| | - Steve P Watson
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.P., M.T., S.P.W.)
- COMPARE, The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, the Midlands, United Kingdom (S.P.W.)
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (G.P., J.H., I.P., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., R.A.S.A., S.P.W., J.W.M.H.)
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19
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Mastenbroek TG, Karel MFA, Nagy M, Chayoua W, Korsten EIJ, Coenen DM, Debets J, Konings J, Brouns AE, Leenders PJA, van Essen H, van Oerle R, Heitmeier S, Spronk HM, Kuijpers MJE, Cosemans JMEM. Vascular protective effect of aspirin and rivaroxaban upon endothelial denudation of the mouse carotid artery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19360. [PMID: 33168914 PMCID: PMC7653917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
While in recent trials the dual pathway inhibition with aspirin plus rivaroxaban has shown to be efficacious in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, little is known about the effects of this combination treatment on thrombus formation and vascular remodelling upon vascular damage. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of aspirin and/or rivaroxaban on injury-induced murine arterial thrombus formation in vivo and in vitro, vessel-wall remodelling, and platelet-leukocyte aggregates. Temporary ligation of the carotid artery of C57BL/6 mice, fed a western type diet, led to endothelial denudation and sub-occlusive thrombus formation. At the site of ligation, the vessel wall stiffened and the intima-media thickened. Aspirin treatment antagonized vascular stiffening and rivaroxaban treatment led to a positive trend towards reduced stiffening. Local intima-media thickening was antagonized by both aspirin or rivaroxaban treatment. Platelet-leukocyte aggregates and the number of platelets per leukocyte were reduced in aspirin and/or rivaroxaban treatment groups. Furthermore, rivaroxaban restricted thrombus growth and height in vitro. In sum, this study shows vascular protective effects of aspirin and rivaroxaban, upon vascular injury of the mouse artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Mastenbroek
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M F A Karel
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - W Chayoua
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E I J Korsten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - D M Coenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Debets
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Konings
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A E Brouns
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P J A Leenders
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H van Essen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R van Oerle
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S Heitmeier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - H M Spronk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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20
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Gauer JS, Riva N, Page EM, Philippou H, Makris M, Gatt A, Ariëns RAS. Effect of anticoagulants on fibrin clot structure: A comparison between vitamin K antagonists and factor Xa inhibitors. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4:1269-1281. [PMID: 33313466 PMCID: PMC7695561 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal clot structure has been identified in patients with thrombotic disorders. Anticoagulant therapy offers clear benefits for thrombosis prevention and treatment by reducing blood clot formation and size; nevertheless, there are limited data on the effects of different anticoagulants, where clotting is initiated with different triggers, on clot structure. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate the effects of vitamin K antagonists and factor Xa inhibitors on clot structure. METHODS Clots from pooled plasma spiked with rivaroxaban, apixaban, or enoxaparin, as well as plasma from patients on warfarin, were compared to plasma without anticoagulation. The kinetic profile of polymerizing clots was obtained by turbidity, fiber density was determined by confocal microscopy, clot pore size was investigated by permeation, and fiber size was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Clotting agonist was either tissue factor or thrombin. RESULTS Following clotting with tissue factor, all anticoagulated clots had a significantly increased lag time, with the exception of enoxaparin. Rivaroxaban additionally led to significantly less dense and more permeable clots, with thicker fibers. In contrast, turbidity analysis following initiation with thrombin showed few effects of anticoagulation, with only enoxaparin leading to a prolonged lag time. Enoxaparin clots made with thrombin were less dense and more permeable. CONCLUSION Our results show that anticoagulants modulate clot structure particularly when induced by tissue factor, most likely due to reduction of thrombin generation. We propose that the effects of different anticoagulants could be assessed with a global clot structure measurement such as permeation or turbidity, providing information on clot phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Gauer
- Discovery and Translational Science DepartmentInstitute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Nicoletta Riva
- Department of PathologyFaculty of Medicine & SurgeryUniversity of MaltaMsidaMalta
| | - Eden M. Page
- Discovery and Translational Science DepartmentInstitute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Helen Philippou
- Discovery and Translational Science DepartmentInstitute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Michael Makris
- Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis CentreUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Alex Gatt
- Department of PathologyFaculty of Medicine & SurgeryUniversity of MaltaMsidaMalta
| | - Robert A. S. Ariëns
- Discovery and Translational Science DepartmentInstitute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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21
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Dehghani T, Panitch A. Endothelial cells, neutrophils and platelets: getting to the bottom of an inflammatory triangle. Open Biol 2020; 10:200161. [PMID: 33050789 PMCID: PMC7653352 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fibrotic and thrombotic events permeate the healthcare system, causing suffering for millions of patients with inflammatory disorders. As late-state consequences of chronic inflammation, fibrosis and thrombosis are the culmination of pathological interactions of activated endothelium, neutrophils and platelets after vessel injury. Coupling of these three cell types ensures a pro-coagulant, cytokine-rich environment that promotes the capture, activation and proliferation of circulating immune cells and recruitment of key pro-fibrotic cell types such as myofibroblasts. As the first responders to sterile inflammatory injury, it is important to understand how endothelial cells, neutrophils and platelets help create this environment. There has been a growing interest in this intersection over the past decade that has helped shape the development of therapeutics to target these processes. Here, we review recent insights into how neutrophils, platelets and endothelial cells guide the development of pathological vessel repair that can also result in underlying tissue fibrosis. We further discuss recent efforts that have been made to translate this knowledge into therapeutics and provide perspective as to how a compound or combination therapeutics may be most efficacious when tackling fibrosis and thrombosis that is brought upon by chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, GBSF 2303, Davis, CA, USA
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22
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Ahmed MU, Kaneva V, Loyau S, Nechipurenko D, Receveur N, Le Bris M, Janus-Bell E, Didelot M, Rauch A, Susen S, Chakfé N, Lanza F, Gardiner EE, Andrews RK, Panteleev M, Gachet C, Jandrot-Perrus M, Mangin PH. Pharmacological Blockade of Glycoprotein VI Promotes Thrombus Disaggregation in the Absence of Thrombin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2127-2142. [PMID: 32698684 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherothrombosis occurs upon rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and leads to the formation of a mural thrombus. Computational fluid dynamics and numerical models indicated that the mechanical stress applied to a thrombus increases dramatically as a thrombus grows, and that strong inter-platelet interactions are essential to maintain its stability. We investigated whether GPVI (glycoprotein VI)-mediated platelet activation helps to maintain thrombus stability by using real-time video-microscopy. Approach and Results: We showed that GPVI blockade with 2 distinct Fab fragments promoted efficient disaggregation of human thrombi preformed on collagen or on human atherosclerotic plaque material in the absence of thrombin. ACT017-induced disaggregation was achieved under arterial blood flow conditions, and its effect increased with wall shear rate. GPVI regulated platelet activation within a growing thrombus as evidenced by the loss in thrombus contraction when GPVI was blocked, and the absence of the disaggregating effect of an anti-GPVI agent when the thrombi were fully activated with soluble agonists. The GPVI-dependent thrombus stabilizing effect was further supported by the fact that inhibition of any of the 4 key immunoreceptor tyrosine-based motif signalling molecules, src-kinases, Syk, PI3Kβ, or phospholipase C, resulted in kinetics of thrombus disaggregation similar to ACT017. The absence of ACT017-induced disaggregation of thrombi from 2 afibrinogenemic patients suggests that the role of GPVI requires interaction with fibrinogen. Finally, platelet disaggregation of fibrin-rich thrombi was also promoted by ACT017 in combination with r-tPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator). CONCLUSIONS This work identifies an unrecognized role for GPVI in maintaining thrombus stability and suggests that targeting GPVI could dissolve platelet aggregates with a poor fibrin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Ahmed
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Valeria Kaneva
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Russia (V.K., D.N., M.P.).,Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Russia (V.K., D.N., M.P.).,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russia (V.K., D.M., M.P.)
| | - Stéphane Loyau
- Université de Paris, INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, UMR-S1148, France (S.L., M.J.-P.)
| | - Dmitry Nechipurenko
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Russia (V.K., D.N., M.P.).,Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Russia (V.K., D.N., M.P.).,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russia (V.K., D.M., M.P.)
| | - Nicolas Receveur
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Marion Le Bris
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Emily Janus-Bell
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Mélusine Didelot
- CHU Lille, Université de Lille, INSERM UMR-SU1011-EGID, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France (M.D., A.R., S.S.)
| | - Antoine Rauch
- CHU Lille, Université de Lille, INSERM UMR-SU1011-EGID, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France (M.D., A.R., S.S.)
| | - Sophie Susen
- CHU Lille, Université de Lille, INSERM UMR-SU1011-EGID, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France (M.D., A.R., S.S.)
| | - Nabil Chakfé
- Université de Strasbourg, Department of Vascular Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, France (N.C.)
| | - François Lanza
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- The Australian National University, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Canberra, Australia (E.E.G.)
| | - Robert K Andrews
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Australia (R.K.A.)
| | - Mikhail Panteleev
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Russia (V.K., D.N., M.P.).,Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Russia (V.K., D.N., M.P.).,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russia (V.K., D.M., M.P.)
| | - Christian Gachet
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- Université de Paris, INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, UMR-S1148, France (S.L., M.J.-P.).,Acticor Biotech, France (M.J.-P.)
| | - Pierre H Mangin
- From the Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France (M.U.A., N.R., M.L.B., E.J.-B., F.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
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23
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Brouns SLN, van Geffen JP, Campello E, Swieringa F, Spiezia L, van Oerle R, Provenzale I, Verdoold R, Farndale RW, Clemetson KJ, Spronk HMH, van der Meijden PEJ, Cavill R, Kuijpers MJE, Castoldi E, Simioni P, Heemskerk JWM. Platelet-primed interactions of coagulation and anticoagulation pathways in flow-dependent thrombus formation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11910. [PMID: 32680988 PMCID: PMC7368055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In haemostasis and thrombosis, platelet, coagulation and anticoagulation pathways act together to produce fibrin-containing thrombi. We developed a microspot-based technique, in which we assessed platelet adhesion, platelet activation, thrombus structure and fibrin clot formation in real time using flowing whole blood. Microspots were made from distinct platelet-adhesive surfaces in the absence or presence of tissue factor, thrombomodulin or activated protein C. Kinetics of platelet activation, thrombus structure and fibrin formation were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. This work revealed: (1) a priming role of platelet adhesion in thrombus contraction and subsequent fibrin formation; (2) a surface-independent role of tissue factor, independent of the shear rate; (3) a mechanism of tissue factor-enhanced activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway; (4) a local, suppressive role of the anticoagulant thrombomodulin/protein C pathway under flow. Multiparameter analysis using blood samples from patients with (anti)coagulation disorders indicated characteristic defects in thrombus formation, in cases of factor V, XI or XII deficiency; and in contrast, thrombogenic effects in patients with factor V-Leiden. Taken together, this integrative phenotyping approach of platelet–fibrin thrombus formation has revealed interaction mechanisms of platelet-primed key haemostatic pathways with alterations in patients with (anti)coagulation defects. It can help as an important functional add-on whole-blood phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L N Brouns
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna P van Geffen
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Protein Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences, ISAS, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - René van Oerle
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Provenzale
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Verdoold
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kenneth J Clemetson
- Department of Haematology, Inselspital, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Henri M H Spronk
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paola E J van der Meijden
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel Cavill
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabetta Castoldi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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24
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Morrow GB, Beavis J, Harper S, Baker P, Desborough MJR, Curry N, Stanworth SJ, Laffan MA. Coagulation status of critically ill patients with and without liver disease assessed using a novel thrombin generation analyzer. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1576-1585. [PMID: 32196929 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The liver synthesizes the majority of pro- and anti-coagulant and fibrinolytic proteins, and during liver dysfunction synthesis of these proteins is reduced. The end point of conventional hemostatic tests, such as the prothrombin time (PT), occurs when only 5% of thrombin generation (TG) has taken place and is not sensitive to the effects of natural anti-coagulants. The aim of this study was to determine whether TG in the presence of thrombomodulin (TM) provides more useful information about coagulation potential, in comparison to the PT. Analysis was performed on ST Genesia, a novel TG analyzer from Diagnostica Stago. TG was measured using STG-Thromboscreen, a reagent containing an intermediate concentration of human tissue factor (TF) ± rabbit TM to account for anti-coagulant protein C (PC) activity. Platelet-poor plasma (PPP) samples were from the Intensive Care Study of Coagulopathy-2 (ISOC-2), which recruited patients admitted to critical care with a prolonged PT (3 seconds above the reference range). Despite a prolonged PT, 48.0% and 60.7% of patients in the liver and non-liver groups had TG parameters within the normal range. Addition of TM reduced TG by 34.5% and 41.8% in the liver and non-liver groups, respectively. Interestingly, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion had no impact on TG. Measurement of TG with addition of TM provides a more informative assessment of coagulation capacity and indicates that hemostasis is balanced in patients with liver disease during critical illness, despite conventional tests suggesting that bleeding risk is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael B Morrow
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Beavis
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Harper
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Baker
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nicola Curry
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon J Stanworth
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Transfusion Medicine, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Mike A Laffan
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, UK
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25
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Brouns SL, Provenzale I, van Geffen JP, van der Meijden PE, Heemskerk JW. Localized endothelial-based control of platelet aggregation and coagulation under flow: A proof-of-principle vessel-on-a-chip study. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:931-941. [PMID: 31863548 PMCID: PMC7187151 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the intact vessel wall, endothelial cells form a barrier between the blood and the remaining vascular structures, serving to maintain blood fluidity and preventing platelet activation and fibrin clot formation. The spatiotemporal space of this inhibition is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the local inhibitory roles of a discontinuous endothelium, we developed a vessel-on-a-chip model, consisting of a microfluidic chamber coated with the thrombogenic collagen and tissue factor (TF), and covered with patches of human endothelial cells. By flow perfusion of human blood and plasma, the heterogeneous formation of platelet aggregates and fibrin clots was monitored by multicolor fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS On collagen/TF coatings, a coverage of 40% to 60% of human umbilical vein endothelial cells resulted in a strong overall delay in platelet deposition and fibrin fiber formation under flow. Fibrin formation colocalized with the deposited platelets, and was restricted to regions in between endothelial cells, thus pointing to immediate local suppression of the clotting process. Fibrin kinetics were enhanced by treatment of the cells with heparinase III, partially disrupting the glycocalyx, and to a lesser degree by antagonism of the endothelial thrombomodulin. Co-coating of purified thrombomodulin and collagen had a similar coagulation-suppressing effect as endothelial thrombomodulin. CONCLUSIONS In this vessel-on-a-chip system with patches of endothelial cells on thrombogenic surfaces, the coagulant activity under flow is regulated by: (a) the residual exposure of trigger (collagen/TF), (b) the endothelial glycocalyx, and (c) to a lesser degree the endothelial thrombomodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L.N. Brouns
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Isabella Provenzale
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Johanna P. van Geffen
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Paola E.J. van der Meijden
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Johan W.M. Heemskerk
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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26
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Montague SJ, Lim YJ, Lee WM, Gardiner EE. Imaging Platelet Processes and Function-Current and Emerging Approaches for Imaging in vitro and in vivo. Front Immunol 2020; 11:78. [PMID: 32082328 PMCID: PMC7005007 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate cells that are essential for many biological processes including hemostasis, thrombosis, inflammation, innate immunity, tumor metastasis, and wound healing. Platelets circulate in the blood and in order to perform all of their biological roles, platelets must be able to arrest their movement at an appropriate site and time. Our knowledge of how platelets achieve this has expanded as our ability to visualize and quantify discreet platelet events has improved. Platelets are exquisitely sensitive to changes in blood flow parameters and so the visualization of rapid intricate platelet processes under conditions found in flowing blood provides a substantial challenge to the platelet imaging field. The platelet's size (~2 μm), rapid activation (milliseconds), and unsuitability for genetic manipulation, means that appropriate imaging tools are limited. However, with the application of modern imaging systems to study platelet function, our understanding of molecular events mediating platelet adhesion from a single-cell perspective, to platelet recruitment and activation, leading to thrombus (clot) formation has expanded dramatically. This review will discuss current platelet imaging techniques in vitro and in vivo, describing how the advancements in imaging have helped answer/expand on platelet biology with a particular focus on hemostasis. We will focus on platelet aggregation and thrombus formation, and how platelet imaging has enhanced our understanding of key events, highlighting the knowledge gained through the application of imaging modalities to experimental models in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we will review the limitations of current imaging techniques, and questions in thrombosis research that remain to be addressed. Finally, we will speculate how the same imaging advancements might be applied to the imaging of other vascular cell biological functions and visualization of dynamic cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. Montague
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Yean J. Lim
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Woei M. Lee
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E. Gardiner
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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27
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Yu X, Panckeri KA, Ivanciu L, Camire RM, Coxon CH, Cuker A, Diamond SL. Microfluidic hemophilia models using blood from healthy donors. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4:54-63. [PMID: 31989085 PMCID: PMC6971334 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microfluidic clotting assays permit drug action studies for hemophilia therapeutics under flow. However, limited availability of patient samples and Inter-donor variability limit the application of such assays, especially with many patients on prophylaxis. OBJECTIVE To develop approaches to phenocopy hemophilia using modified healthy blood in microfluidic assays. METHODS Corn trypsin inhibitor (4 µg/mL)-treated healthy blood was dosed with either anti-factor VIII (FVIII; hemophilia A model) or a recombinant factor IX (FIX) missense variant (FIX-V181T; hemophilia B model). Treated blood was perfused at 100 s-1 wall shear rate over collagen/tissue factor (TF) or collagen/factor XIa (FXIa). RESULTS Anti-FVIII partially blocked fibrin production on collagen/TF, but completely blocked fibrin production on collagen/FXIa, a phenotype reversed with 1 µmol/L bispecific antibody (emicizumab), which binds FIXa and factor X. As expected, emicizumab had no significant effect on healthy blood (no anti-FVIII present) perfused over collagen/FXIa. The efficacy of emicizumab in anti-FVIII-treated healthy blood phenocopied the action of emicizumab in the blood of a patient with hemophilia A perfused over collagen/FXIa. Interestingly, a patient-derived FVIII-neutralizing antibody reduced fibrin production when added to healthy blood perfused over collagen/FXIa. For low TF surfaces, reFIX-V181T (50 µg/mL) fully blocked platelet and fibrin deposition, a phenotype fully reversed with anti-TFPI. CONCLUSION Two new microfluidic hemophilia A and B models demonstrate the potency of anti-TF pathway inhibitor, emicizumab, and a patient-derived inhibitory antibody. Using collagen/FXIa-coated surfaces resulted in reliable and highly sensitive hemophilia models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinren Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringInstitute for Medicine and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Karen A. Panckeri
- Penn Comprehensive Hemophilia and Thrombosis ProgramHospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Lacramioara Ivanciu
- The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular TherapeuticsThe Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
- Division of HematologyDepartment of PediatricsPerelman School of MedicineThe University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Rodney M. Camire
- The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular TherapeuticsThe Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
- Division of HematologyDepartment of PediatricsPerelman School of MedicineThe University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Carmen H. Coxon
- National Institute for Biological Standards and ControlPotters BarUK
| | - Adam Cuker
- Penn Comprehensive Hemophilia and Thrombosis ProgramHospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Scott L. Diamond
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringInstitute for Medicine and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
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28
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Provenzale I, Brouns SLN, van der Meijden PEJ, Swieringa F, Heemskerk JWM. Whole Blood Based Multiparameter Assessment of Thrombus Formation in Standard Microfluidic Devices to Proxy In Vivo Haemostasis and Thrombosis. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10110787. [PMID: 31744132 PMCID: PMC6915499 DOI: 10.3390/mi10110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic assays are versatile tests which, using only small amounts of blood, enable high throughput analyses of platelet function in several minutes. In combination with fluorescence microscopy, these flow tests allow real-time visualisation of platelet activation with the possibility of examining combinatorial effects of wall shear rate, coagulation and modulation by endothelial cells. In particular, the ability to use blood and blood cells from healthy subjects or patients makes this technology promising, both for research and (pre)clinical diagnostic purposes. In the present review, we describe how microfluidic devices are used to assess the roles of platelets in thrombosis and haemostasis. We place emphasis on technical aspects and on experimental designs that make the concept of "blood-vessel-component-on-a-chip" an attractive, rapidly developing technology for the study of the complex biological processes of blood coagulability in the presence of flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Provenzale
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (J.W.M.H.); Tel.: +31-43-3881671 or +31-43-3881674 (J.W.M.H.)
| | | | | | | | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (J.W.M.H.); Tel.: +31-43-3881671 or +31-43-3881674 (J.W.M.H.)
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29
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Govers-Riemslag JWP, Konings J, Cosemans JMEM, van Geffen JP, de Laat B, Heemskerk JWM, Dargaud Y, Ten Cate H. Impact of Deficiency of Intrinsic Coagulation Factors XI and XII on Ex Vivo Thrombus Formation and Clot Lysis. TH OPEN 2019; 3:e273-e285. [PMID: 31511847 PMCID: PMC6736668 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The contributions of coagulation factor XI (FXI) and FXII to human clot formation is not fully known. Patients with deficiency in FXI have a variable mild bleeding risk, whereas FXII deficiency is not associated with bleeding. These phenotypes make FXII and FXI attractive target proteins in anticoagulant therapy. Here, we studied the mechanisms of fibrin clot formation, stability, and fibrinolytic degradation in patients with severe FXI or FXII deficiency. Thrombin generation was triggered in platelet-poor (PPP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with the biological FXII trigger sulfatides. Intrinsic and extrinsic thrombus formation and degradation in whole blood were determined with rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). Clot formation under flow was assessed by perfusion of whole blood over collagen microspots with(out) tissue factor (TF). Thrombin generation and clot formation were delayed in FXII- and FXI-deficient patients triggered with sulfatides. In FXI-deficient plasma, this delay was more pronounced in PRP compared to PPP. In whole blood of FXII-deficient patients, clots were smaller but resistance to fibrinolysis was normal. In whole blood of FXI-deficient patients, clot formation was normal but the time to complete fibrinolysis was prolonged. In flow chamber experiments triggered with collagen/TF, platelet coverage was reduced in severe compared with moderate FXI deficiency, and fibrin formation was impaired. We conclude that quantitative defects in FXII and FXI have a substantial impact on contact activation-triggered coagulation. Furthermore, FXI deficiency has a dose-dependent suppressing effect on flow-mediated and platelet/TF-dependent clot formation. These last data highlight the contribution of particularly FXI to hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José W P Govers-Riemslag
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Konings
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna P van Geffen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Laat
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yesim Dargaud
- Unité d 'Hémostase Clinique, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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30
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Platelet heterogeneity in activation-induced glycoprotein shedding: functional effects. Blood Adv 2019; 2:2320-2331. [PMID: 30232085 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017011544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The platelet receptors glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) and GPVI are known to be cleaved by members of a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) family (ADAM10 and ADAM17), but the mechanisms and consequences of this shedding are not well understood. Our results revealed that (1) glycoprotein shedding is confined to distinct platelet populations showing near-complete shedding, (2) the heterogeneity between (non)shed platelets is independent of agonist type but coincides with exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS), and (3) distinct pathways of shedding are induced by elevated Ca2+, low Ca2+ protein kinase C (PKC), or apoptotic activation. Furthermore, we found that receptor shedding reduces binding of von Willebrand factor, enhances binding of coagulation factors, and augments fibrin formation. In response to Ca2+-increasing agents, shedding of GPIbα was abolished by ADAM10/17 inhibition but not by blockage of calpain. Stimulation of PKC induced shedding of only GPIbα, which was annulled by kinase inhibition. The proapoptotic agent ABT-737 induced shedding, which was caspase dependent. In Scott syndrome platelets that are deficient in Ca2+-dependent PS exposure, shedding occurred normally, indicating that PS exposure is not a prerequisite for ADAM activity. In whole-blood thrombus formation, ADAM-dependent glycoprotein shedding enhanced thrombin generation and fibrin formation. Together, these findings indicate that 2 major activation pathways can evoke ADAM-mediated glycoprotein shedding in distinct platelet populations and that shedding modulates platelet function from less adhesive to more procoagulant.
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31
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Clinical Protocol to Prevent Thrombogenic Effect of Liver-Derived Mesenchymal Cells for Cell-Based Therapies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080846. [PMID: 31394759 PMCID: PMC6721739 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell infusion is currently tested in numerous clinical trials. However, therapy-induced thrombotic consequences have been reported in several patients. The aim of this study was to optimize protocols for heterologous human adult liver-derived progenitor cell (HHALPC) infusion, in order to eliminate acute thrombogenesis in liver-based metabolic or acute decompensated cirrhotic (ADC) patients. In rats, thrombotic effects were absent when HHALPCs were infused at low cell dose (5 × 106 cells/kg), or at high cell dose (5 × 107 cells/kg) when combined with anticoagulants. When HHALPCs were exposed to human blood in a whole blood perfusion assay, blocking of the tissue factor (TF) coagulation pathway suppressed fibrin generation and platelet activation. In a Chandler tubing loop model, HHALPCs induced less explosive activation of coagulation with blood from ADC patients, when compared to blood from healthy controls, without alterations in coagulation factor levels other than fibrinogen. These studies confirm a link between TF and thrombogenesis, when TF-expressing cells are exposed to human blood. This phenomenon however, could be controlled using either a low, or a high cell dose combined with anticoagulants. In clinical practice, this points to the suitability of a low HHALPC dose infusion to cirrhotic patients, provided that platelet and fibrinogen levels are monitored.
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32
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Wang M, Hao H, Leeper NJ, Zhu L. Thrombotic Regulation From the Endothelial Cell Perspectives. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e90-e95. [PMID: 29793992 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (M.W., H.H., L.Z.) .,Clinical Pharmacology Center (M.W.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Huifeng Hao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (M.W., H.H., L.Z.)
| | | | - Liyuan Zhu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (M.W., H.H., L.Z.)
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33
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Tjärnlund‐Wolf A, Lassila R. Phenotypic characterization of haemophilia B – Understanding the underlying biology of coagulation factor IX. Haemophilia 2019; 25:567-574. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tjärnlund‐Wolf
- CSL Behring AB Danderyd Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Riitta Lassila
- Coagulation Disorders Unit, EHCCC, Hematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center and HUSLAB Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki, Research Program Unit in Systems Oncology Helsinki Finland
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34
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Kattula S, Byrnes JR, Wolberg AS. Fibrinogen and Fibrin in Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 37:e13-e21. [PMID: 28228446 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.308564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sravya Kattula
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - James R Byrnes
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Alisa S Wolberg
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
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35
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Defective Zn 2+ homeostasis in mouse and human platelets with α- and δ-storage pool diseases. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8333. [PMID: 31171812 PMCID: PMC6554314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44751-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn2+) can modulate platelet and coagulation activation pathways, including fibrin formation. Here, we studied the (patho)physiological consequences of abnormal platelet Zn2+ storage and release. To visualize Zn2+ storage in human and mouse platelets, the Zn2+ specific fluorescent dye FluoZin3 was used. In resting platelets, the dye transiently accumulated into distinct cytosolic puncta, which were lost upon platelet activation. Platelets isolated from Unc13d−/− mice, characterized by combined defects of α/δ granular release, showed a markedly impaired Zn2+ release upon activation. Platelets from Nbeal2−/− mice mimicking Gray platelet syndrome (GPS), characterized by primarily loss of the α-granule content, had strongly reduced Zn2+ levels, which was also confirmed in primary megakaryocytes. In human platelets isolated from patients with GPS, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) and Storage Pool Disease (SPD) altered Zn2+ homeostasis was detected. In turbidity and flow based assays, platelet-dependent fibrin formation was impaired in both Nbeal2−/− and Unc13d−/− mice, and the impairment could be partially restored by extracellular Zn2+. Altogether, we conclude that the release of ionic Zn2+ store from secretory granules upon platelet activation contributes to the procoagulant role of Zn2+ in platelet-dependent fibrin formation.
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36
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Nechipurenko DY, Receveur N, Yakimenko AO, Shepelyuk TO, Yakusheva AA, Kerimov RR, Obydennyy SI, Eckly A, Léon C, Gachet C, Grishchuk EL, Ataullakhanov FI, Mangin PH, Panteleev MA. Clot Contraction Drives the Translocation of Procoagulant Platelets to Thrombus Surface. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:37-47. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
After activation at the site of vascular injury, platelets differentiate into 2 subpopulations, exhibiting either proaggregatory or procoagulant phenotype. Although the functional role of proaggregatory platelets is well established, the physiological significance of procoagulant platelets, the dynamics of their formation, and spatial distribution in thrombus remain elusive.
Approach and Results—
Using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy of arterial thrombi formed in vivo after ferric chloride–induced injury of carotid artery or mechanical injury of abdominal aorta in mice, we demonstrate that procoagulant platelets are located at the periphery of the formed thrombi. Real-time cell tracking during thrombus formation ex vivo revealed that procoagulant platelets originate from different locations within the thrombus and subsequently translocate towards its periphery. Such redistribution of procoagulant platelets was followed by generation of fibrin at thrombus surface. Using in silico model, we show that the outward translocation of procoagulant platelets can be driven by the contraction of the forming thrombi, which mechanically expels these nonaggregating cells to thrombus periphery. In line with the suggested mechanism, procoagulant platelets failed to translocate and remained inside the thrombi formed ex vivo in blood derived from nonmuscle myosin (
MYH9
)-deficient mice. Ring-like distribution of procoagulant platelets and fibrin around the thrombus observed with blood of humans and wild-type mice was not present in thrombi of
MYH9
-knockout mice, confirming a major role of thrombus contraction in this phenomenon.
Conclusions—
Contraction of arterial thrombus is responsible for the mechanical extrusion of procoagulant platelets to its periphery, leading to heterogeneous structure of thrombus exterior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Y. Nechipurenko
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Nicolas Receveur
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Alena O. Yakimenko
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Taisiya O. Shepelyuk
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (T.O.S.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Alexandra A. Yakusheva
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Roman R. Kerimov
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Sergei I. Obydennyy
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Anita Eckly
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Catherine Léon
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Christian Gachet
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Ekaterina L. Grishchuk
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (E.L.G.)
| | - Fazoil I. Ataullakhanov
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia (F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Pierre H. Mangin
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Mikhail A. Panteleev
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia (F.I.A., M.A.P.)
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37
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Slater A, Perrella G, Onselaer MB, Martin EM, Gauer JS, Xu RG, Heemskerk JWM, Ariëns RAS, Watson SP. Does fibrin(ogen) bind to monomeric or dimeric GPVI, or not at all? Platelets 2018; 30:281-289. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1508649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Slater
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gina Perrella
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Blanche Onselaer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eleyna M Martin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Julia S Gauer
- Thrombosis and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rui-Gang Xu
- Thrombosis and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Johan WM Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A S Ariëns
- Thrombosis and Tissue Repair Group, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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38
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Przygodzki T, Wolska N, Talar M, Polak D, Gapinska M, Watala C. Comparison of different microscopy approaches to quantification of inhibitory effect on thrombus formation under flow conditions by the example of adenosine receptor agonist HE-NECA. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 94:94-104. [PMID: 30031827 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thrombus formation in vitro in flow conditions and its visualization and quantification with the use of microscopy are widely utilized to evaluate activity of compounds with a potential antithrombotic activity. Visualization and quantification of thrombi can be performed with the use of wide-field or confocal microscopy. Acquiring reliable numerical data from wide-field microscopy images of objects which have a complex three-dimensional structure is strongly influenced by the methods used for image analysis. This can be a possible source of inaccuracy in assessment of antithrombotic activity of a tested substance. We aimed to verify how different approaches to the quantification of wide-field images can affect the evaluation of an antiplatelet effect of a tested substance. METHODS We compared three algorithms of image analysis to evaluate an effect of 2-hexynyl-5'-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (HE-NECA), a compound of a moderate antiplatelet activity on thrombus formation, and of abciximab - a potent antiplatelet compound. Also, we studied how the results obtained in a wide-field imaging correspond to those obtained by means of confocal imaging. RESULTS Three algorithms for analysis of wide-field images showed antiplatelet effect of HE-NECA or abciximab. Absolute values of thrombus area and outcomes of the evaluation of inhibition efficacy of HE-NECA were significantly different between the algorithms. Analysis of volumes and heights of thrombi obtained by confocal imaging confirmed inhibitory effect of HE-NECA, but the evaluated levels of inhibition were significantly different from that obtained by wide-field imaging. DISCUSSION We conclude that wide-field imaging provides reliable qualitative data on an inhibitory effect on thrombus formation, despite differences which can emerge from various approaches to image analysis. However, quantitative evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of inhibitors on the basis of total area occupied by thrombi obtained by wide-field microscopy should be made with caution. To obtain a reliable quantitative assessment of the effect of a tested compound on thrombus structure the use of confocal microscopy is inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Przygodzki
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Nina Wolska
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Talar
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dawid Polak
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gapinska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-235 Lodz, Poland
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Swieringa F, Spronk HM, Heemskerk JW, van der Meijden PE. Integrating platelet and coagulation activation in fibrin clot formation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:450-460. [PMID: 30046749 PMCID: PMC6046596 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets interact with the coagulation system in a multitude of ways, not only during the phases of thrombus formation, but also in specific areas within a formed thrombus. This review discusses current concepts of platelet control of thrombin generation, fibrin formation and structure, and anticoagulation. Indicated are how combined signalling via the platelet receptors for collagen (glycoprotein VI) and thrombin induces the secretion of (anti)coagulation factors, as well as surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, thereby catalysing thrombin generation. This procoagulant platelet response is also facilitated by the adhesive complexes glycoprotein Ib-V-IX and integrin αIIbβ3. In the buildup of a platelet-fibrin thrombus, the extrinsic, tissue factor-driven coagulation pathway is predominant in early stages, while the intrinsic, factor XII pathway seems to promote at later time points. Already early generation of thrombin enforces platelet responses and stimulates intra-thrombus heterogeneity with patches of loosely aggregated, contracted, and phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets. Fibrin actively formed on the surface of activated platelets supports thrombus growth, but also captures thrombin. The fibrin distribution in a thrombus appears to rely on the local procoagulant trigger and the blood flow rate. Clinical studies support the importance of the platelet-coagulation interplay, by showing beneficial effects of combination therapy in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Swieringa
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Leibniz Institute for Analytical SciencesISASDortmundGermany
| | - Henri M.H. Spronk
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Johan W.M. Heemskerk
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Paola E.J. van der Meijden
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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Brouns SLN, van Geffen JP, Heemskerk JWM. High-throughput measurement of human platelet aggregation under flow: application in hemostasis and beyond. Platelets 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1447660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L. N. Brouns
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna P. van Geffen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Thomassen S, Mastenbroek TG, Swieringa F, Winckers K, Feijge MAH, Schrijver R, Cosemans JMEM, Maroney SA, Mast AE, Hackeng TM, Heemskerk JWM. Suppressive Role of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-α in Platelet-Dependent Fibrin Formation under Flow Is Restricted to Low Procoagulant Strength. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:502-513. [PMID: 29452445 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-alpha (TFPI-α) is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, which suppresses coagulation by inhibiting the tissue factor (TF)/factor VIIa complex as well as factor Xa. In static plasma-phospholipid systems, TFPI-α thus suppresses both factor Xa and thrombin generation. In this article, we used a microfluidics approach to investigate how TFPI-α regulates fibrin clot formation in platelet thrombi at low wall shear rate. We therefore hypothesized that the anticoagulant effect of TFPI-α in plasma is a function of the local procoagulant strength-defined as the magnitude of thrombin generation under flow, due to local activities of TF/factor VIIa and factor Xa. To test this hypothesis, we modulated local coagulation by microspot coating of flow channels with 0 to 100 pM TF/collagen, or by using blood from patients with haemophilia A or B. For blood or plasma from healthy subjects, blocking of TFPI-α enhanced fibrin formation, extending from a platelet thrombus, under flow only at <2 pM coated TF. This enhancement was paralleled by an increased thrombin generation. For mouse plasma, genetic deficiency in TFPI enhanced fibrin formation under flow also at 0 pM TF microspots. On the other hand, using blood from haemophilia A or B patients, TFPI-α antagonism markedly enhanced fibrin formation at microspots with up to 100 pM coated TF. We conclude that, under flow, TFPI-α is capable to antagonize fibrin formation in a manner dependent on and restricted by local TF/factor VIIa and factor Xa activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Thomassen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom G Mastenbroek
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Protein Dynamics, ISAS Leibnitz Institute Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kristien Winckers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marion A H Feijge
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Schrijver
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Susan A Maroney
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Alan E Mast
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Michigan, United States
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Platelet populations and priming in hematological diseases. Blood Rev 2017; 31:389-399. [PMID: 28756877 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In healthy subjects and patients with hematological diseases, platelet populations can be distinguished with different response spectra in hemostatic and vascular processes. These populations partly overlap, and are less distinct than those of leukocytes. The platelet heterogeneity is linked to structural properties, and is enforced by inequalities in the environment. Contributing factors are variability between megakaryocytes, platelet ageing, and positive or negative priming of platelets during their time in circulation. Within a hemostatic plug or thrombus, platelet heterogeneity is enhanced by unequal exposure to agonists, with populations of contracted platelets in the thrombus core, discoid platelets at the thrombus surface, patches of ballooned and procoagulant platelets forming thrombin, and coated platelets binding fibrin. Several pathophysiological hematological conditions can positively or negatively prime the responsiveness of platelet populations. As a consequence, in vivo and in vitro markers of platelet activation can differ in thrombotic and hematological disorders.
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Nagy M, Heemskerk JWM, Swieringa F. Use of microfluidics to assess the platelet-based control of coagulation. Platelets 2017; 28:441-448. [PMID: 28358995 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1293809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the various types of microfluidic devices that are employed to study the complex processes of platelet activation and blood coagulation in whole blood under flow conditions. We elaborate on how these devices are used to detect impaired platelet-dependent fibrin formation in blood from mice or patients with specific bleeding disorders. We provide a practical guide on how to assess formation of a platelet-fibrin thrombus under flow, using equipment that is present in most laboratories. In addition, we describe current insights on how blood flow and shear rate alter the location of platelet populations, von Willebrand factor, coagulation factors, and fibrin in a growing thrombus. Finally, we discuss possibilities and limitations for the clinical use of microfluidic devices to evaluate a hemostatic or prothrombotic tendency in patient blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Nagy
- a Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- a Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- a Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.,b Department of Bioanalytics , Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences - ISAS- e.V. , Dortmund , Germany
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Abstract
Fibrinogen and fibrin are essential for hemostasis and are major factors in thrombosis, wound healing, and several other biological functions and pathological conditions. The X-ray crystallographic structure of major parts of fibrin(ogen), together with computational reconstructions of missing portions and numerous biochemical and biophysical studies, have provided a wealth of data to interpret molecular mechanisms of fibrin formation, its organization, and properties. On cleavage of fibrinopeptides by thrombin, fibrinogen is converted to fibrin monomers, which interact via knobs exposed by fibrinopeptide removal in the central region, with holes always exposed at the ends of the molecules. The resulting half-staggered, double-stranded oligomers lengthen into protofibrils, which aggregate laterally to make fibers, which then branch to yield a three-dimensional network. Much is now known about the structural origins of clot mechanical properties, including changes in fiber orientation, stretching and buckling, and forced unfolding of molecular domains. Studies of congenital fibrinogen variants and post-translational modifications have increased our understanding of the structure and functions of fibrin(ogen). The fibrinolytic system, with the zymogen plasminogen binding to fibrin together with tissue-type plasminogen activator to promote activation to the active proteolytic enzyme, plasmin, results in digestion of fibrin at specific lysine residues. In spite of a great increase in our knowledge of all these interconnected processes, much about the molecular mechanisms of the biological functions of fibrin(ogen) remains unknown, including some basic aspects of clotting, fibrinolysis, and molecular origins of fibrin mechanical properties. Even less is known concerning more complex (patho)physiological implications of fibrinogen and fibrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Rustem I Litvinov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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