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Ikutani M, Shimizu S, Okada K, Imami K, Inagaki T, Nakaoka Y, Osada Y, Nakae S. Characterization of long-term interleukin-33 administration as an animal model of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 734:150750. [PMID: 39348792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the severe obstruction of the small pulmonary arteries and concomitant high pulmonary arterial pressure, resulting in progressive right ventricular failure. Previously, we demonstrated that long-term interleukin (IL)-33 administration in mice induces severe occlusive medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arteries (PA) in the lungs, which is mediated by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). In response to IL-33, ILC2s accumulate around the blood vessels and produce IL-5, leading to perivascular eosinophil recruitment. In this study, we characterized IL-33-induced medial hypertrophy of PA. We demonstrated that long-term IL-33 administration causes an increase in right ventricular pressure. In IL-33-deficient mice, medial hypertrophy of PA mediated by eggs of Schistosoma mansoni was attenuated, accompanied by a partial reduction in ILC2s, eosinophils, and CD4+ T cells. In addition, proteomic analysis revealed dramatic changes in the urine samples from mice treated with IL-33 or S. mansoni eggs. Resistin-like alpha (RELMα), a pulmonary hypertension-related molecule, was commonly detected in the urine in both treatments. Large amounts of RELMα were observed in the lungs of the IL-33-treated mice. These observations suggest that IL-33-induced medial hypertrophy of PA is a useful model for studying the mechanism underlying the development of PAH and finding biomarkers to indicate the onset of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ikutani
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Shoichi Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Koki Okada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Koshi Imami
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tadakatsu Inagaki
- Department of Vascular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nakaoka
- Department of Vascular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yoshio Osada
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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Chu Y, Zhang X, Zuo L, Wang X, Shi Y, Liu L, Zhou L, Kang J, Li B, Cheng W, Du S, Sun Z. Establishment of a multi-strategy platform for quality control and quality markers screen of Mailuoshutong pill. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116070. [PMID: 38428246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a non-atherosclerotic segmental inflammatory occlusive disease with a high recurrence rate, high disability rate, difficulty to cure, and poor prognosis. It has been clinically proven that Mailuoshutong pill (MLSTP) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine for treating TAO. As MLSTP contains hundreds of chemical components, the quality control of which is a challenge in the development of reliable quality evaluation metrics. This study aimed to evaluate the quality uniformity of MLSTP by establishing a multi-strategy platform. In the present study, the key targets and signaling pathways of MLSTP treating TAO were predicted by network pharmacology. It was further shown by in vivo validation experiments that MLSTP exerted therapeutic effects on TAO by modulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. In addition, UPLC fingerprints of MLSTP were established and screened for potential Q-markers of MLSTP in combination with network pharmacology results. Six components, including chlorogenic acid, liquiritin, paeoniflorin, calycosin-7-glucoside, berberine, and formononetin, were selected as potential quality markers (Q-markers) in MLSTP. Finally, the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method was established to quantitatively analyze the six potential Q-markers, and the results were consistent with those obtained by the external standard method (ESM). Taken together, the multi-strategy platform established in this study would be conducive to the Q-markers screening and quality control of MLSTP, improving the quality standard of MLSTP and providing favorable assurance for the clinical management of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojuan Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lihua Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiaobao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Common Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceuticals, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 276000, China
| | - Wenbo Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shuzhang Du
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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3
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Zuo Y, Li B, Gao M, Xiong R, He R, Li N, Geng Q. Novel insights and new therapeutic potentials for macrophages in pulmonary hypertension. Respir Res 2024; 25:147. [PMID: 38555425 PMCID: PMC10981837 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and immune processes underlie pulmonary hypertension progression. Two main different activated phenotypes of macrophages, classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages, are both involved in inflammatory processes related to pulmonary hypertension. Recent advances suggest that macrophages coordinate interactions among different proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, and other cellular components such as smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, including the origin of pulmonary macrophages and their response to triggers of pulmonary hypertension. We then discuss the interactions among macrophages, cytokines, and vascular adventitial fibroblasts in pulmonary hypertension, as well as the potential therapeutic benefits of macrophages in this disease. Identifying the critical role of macrophages in pulmonary hypertension will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of this pathophysiological abnormality, and may provide new perspectives for pulmonary hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zuo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Minglang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ruyuan He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Yu DH, Lin Q, Fan C, Skinner JT, Thiboutot JP, Yarmus LB, Johns RA. Resistin Pathway as Novel Mechanism of Post-lung Transplantation Bronchial Stenosis. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2024; 31:30-38. [PMID: 37202855 DOI: 10.1097/lbr.0000000000000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial stenosis remains a significant source of morbidity among lung transplant recipients. Though infection and anastomotic ischemia have been proposed etiologies of the development of bronchial stenosis, the pathophysiologic mechanism has not been well elucidated. METHODS In this single-centered prospective study, from January 2013 through September 2015, we prospectively collected bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and endobronchial epithelial brushings from the direct anastomotic site of bronchial stenosis of bilateral lung transplant recipients who developed unilateral post-transplant bronchial stenosis. Endobronchial epithelial brushings from the contralateral anastomotic site without bronchial stenosis and BAL from bilateral lung transplant recipients who did not develop post-transplant bronchial stenosis were used as controls. Total RNA was isolated from the endobronchial brushings and real-time polymerase chain reaction reactions were performed. Electrochemiluminescence biomarker assay was used to measure 10 cytokines from the BAL. RESULTS Out of 60 bilateral lung transplant recipients, 9 were found to have developed bronchial stenosis with 17 samples adequate for analysis. We observed a 1.56 to 70.8 mean-fold increase in human resistin gene expression in the anastomotic bronchial stenosis epithelial cells compared with nonstenotic airways. Furthermore, IL-1β (21.76±10.96 pg/mL; control 0.86±0.44 pg/mL; P <0.01) and IL-8 levels (990.56±326.60 pg/mL; control 20.33±1.17 pg/mL; P <0.01) were significantly elevated in the BAL of the lung transplant patients who developed anastomotic bronchial stenosis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the development of postlung transplantation bronchial stenosis may be in part mediated through the human resistin pathway by IL-1β induced transcription factor nuclear factor-κβ activation and downstream upregulation of IL-8 in alveolar macrophages. Further study is needed in the larger patient cohorts and to determine its potential therapeutic role in the management of post-transplant bronchial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana H Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
| | | | | | - Jeffrey P Thiboutot
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Interventional Pulmonology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lonny B Yarmus
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Interventional Pulmonology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Durmus N, Chen WC, Park SH, Marsh LM, Kwon S, Nolan A, Grunig G. Resistin-like Molecule α and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling: A Multi-Strain Murine Model of Antigen and Urban Ambient Particulate Matter Co-Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11918. [PMID: 37569308 PMCID: PMC10418630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has a high mortality and few treatment options. Adaptive immune mediators of PH in mice challenged with antigen/particulate matter (antigen/PM) has been the focus of our prior work. We identified key roles of type-2- and type-17 responses in C57BL/6 mice. Here, we focused on type-2-response-related cytokines, specifically resistin-like molecule (RELM)α, a critical mediator of hypoxia-induced PH. Because of strain differences in the immune responses to type 2 stimuli, we compared C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice. A model of intraperitoneal antigen sensitization with subsequent, intranasal challenges with antigen/PM (ovalbumin and urban ambient PM2.5) or saline was used in C57BL/6 and BALB/c wild-type or RELMα-/- mice. Vascular remodeling was assessed with histology; right ventricular (RV) pressure, RV weights and cytokines were quantified. Upon challenge with antigen/PM, both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice developed pulmonary vascular remodeling; these changes were much more prominent in the C57BL/6 strain. Compared to wild-type mice, RELMα-/- had significantly reduced pulmonary vascular remodeling in BALB/c, but not in C57BL/6 mice. RV weights, RV IL-33 and RV IL-33-receptor were significantly increased in BALB/c wild-type mice, but not in BALB/c-RELMα-/- or in C57BL/6-wild-type or C57BL/6-RELMα-/- mice in response to antigen/PM2.5. RV systolic pressures (RVSP) were higher in BALB/c compared to C57BL/6J mice, and RELMα-/- mice were not different from their respective wild-type controls. The RELMα-/- animals demonstrated significantly decreased expression of RELMβ and RELMγ, which makes these mice comparable to a situation where human RELMβ levels would be significantly modified, as only humans have this single RELM molecule. In BALB/c mice, RELMα was a key contributor to pulmonary vascular remodeling, increase in RV weight and RV cytokine responses induced by exposure to antigen/PM2.5, highlighting the significance of the genetic background for the biological role of RELMα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedim Durmus
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (W.-C.C.); (S.-H.P.); (A.N.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Wen-Chi Chen
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (W.-C.C.); (S.-H.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Sung-Hyun Park
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (W.-C.C.); (S.-H.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Leigh M. Marsh
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Otto Loewi Research Centre, Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Sophia Kwon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Anna Nolan
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (W.-C.C.); (S.-H.P.); (A.N.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Gabriele Grunig
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (W.-C.C.); (S.-H.P.); (A.N.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSoM), New York, NY 10016, USA;
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Ye Y, Xu Q, Wuren T. Inflammation and immunity in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162556. [PMID: 37215139 PMCID: PMC10196112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a complicated vascular disorder characterized by diverse mechanisms that lead to elevated blood pressure in pulmonary circulation. Recent evidence indicates that HPH is not simply a pathological syndrome but is instead a complex lesion of cellular metabolism, inflammation, and proliferation driven by the reprogramming of gene expression patterns. One of the key mechanisms underlying HPH is hypoxia, which drives immune/inflammation to mediate complex vascular homeostasis that collaboratively controls vascular remodeling in the lungs. This is caused by the prolonged infiltration of immune cells and an increase in several pro-inflammatory factors, which ultimately leads to immune dysregulation. Hypoxia has been associated with metabolic reprogramming, immunological dysregulation, and adverse pulmonary vascular remodeling in preclinical studies. Many animal models have been developed to mimic HPH; however, many of them do not accurately represent the human disease state and may not be suitable for testing new therapeutic strategies. The scientific understanding of HPH is rapidly evolving, and recent efforts have focused on understanding the complex interplay among hypoxia, inflammation, and cellular metabolism in the development of this disease. Through continued research and the development of more sophisticated animal models, it is hoped that we will be able to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of HPH and implement more effective therapies for this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ye
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- High-Altitude Medicine Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Xining, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory for Application of High-Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
- Qinghai-Utah Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Qiying Xu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- High-Altitude Medicine Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Xining, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory for Application of High-Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
- Qinghai-Utah Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Tana Wuren
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- High-Altitude Medicine Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Xining, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory for Application of High-Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
- Qinghai-Utah Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
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Myronenko O, Foris V, Crnkovic S, Olschewski A, Rocha S, Nicolls MR, Olschewski H. Endotyping COPD: hypoxia-inducible factor-2 as a molecular "switch" between the vascular and airway phenotypes? Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:220173. [PMID: 36631133 PMCID: PMC9879331 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0173-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is a heterogeneous disease with multiple clinical phenotypes. COPD endotypes can be determined by different expressions of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which, in combination with individual susceptibility and environmental factors, may cause predominant airway or vascular changes in the lung. The pulmonary vascular phenotype is relatively rare among COPD patients and characterised by out-of-proportion pulmonary hypertension (PH) and low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, but only mild-to-moderate airway obstruction. Its histologic feature, severe remodelling of the small pulmonary arteries, can be mediated by HIF-2 overexpression in experimental PH models. HIF-2 is not only involved in the vascular remodelling but also in the parenchyma destruction. Endothelial cells from human emphysema lungs express reduced HIF-2α levels, and the deletion of pulmonary endothelial Hif-2α leads to emphysema in mice. This means that both upregulation and downregulation of HIF-2 have adverse effects and that HIF-2 may represent a molecular "switch" between the development of the vascular and airway phenotypes in COPD. The mechanisms of HIF-2 dysregulation in the lung are only partly understood. HIF-2 levels may be controlled by NAD(P)H oxidases via iron- and redox-dependent mechanisms. A better understanding of these mechanisms may lead to the development of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Myronenko
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vasile Foris
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular, and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
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8
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Lin Q, Kumar S, Kariyawasam U, Yang X, Yang W, Skinner JT, Gao WD, Johns RA. Human Resistin Induces Cardiac Dysfunction in Pulmonary Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e027621. [PMID: 36927008 PMCID: PMC10111547 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Cardiac failure is the primary cause of death in most patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH). As pleiotropic cytokines, human resistin (Hresistin) and its rodent homolog, resistin-like molecule α, are mechanistically critical to pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. However, it is still unclear whether activation of these resistin-like molecules can directly cause PH-associated cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. Methods and Results In this study, we detected Hresistin protein in right ventricular (RV) tissue of patients with PH and elevated resistin-like molecule expression in RV tissues of rodents with RV hypertrophy and failure. In a humanized mouse model, cardiac-specific Hresistin overexpression was sufficient to cause cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. Dilated hearts exhibited reduced force development and decreased intracellular Ca2+ transients. In the RV tissues overexpressing Hresistin, the impaired contractility was associated with the suppression of protein kinase A and AMP-activated protein kinase. Mechanistically, Hresistin activation triggered the inflammation mediated by signaling of the key damage-associated molecular pattern molecule high-mobility group box 1, and subsequently induced pro-proliferative Ki67 in RV tissues of the transgenic mice. Intriguingly, an anti-Hresistin human antibody that we generated protected the myocardium from hypertrophy and failure in the rodent PH models. Conclusions Our data indicate that Hresistin is expressed in heart tissues and plays a role in the development of RV dysfunction and maladaptive remodeling through its immunoregulatory activities. Targeting this signaling to modulate cardiac inflammation may offer a promising strategy to treat PH-associated RV hypertrophy and failure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Udeshika Kariyawasam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
- Department of AnesthesiologyQilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - John T. Skinner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Wei Dong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Roger A. Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
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Nappi F, Avtaar Singh SS. Distinctive Signs of Disease as Deterrents for the Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030430. [PMID: 36984870 PMCID: PMC10057506 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial integrity plays a major role in homeostasis and is responsive to the numerous endogenous factors released. While its functional role in vascular tone is well described, its role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease is of interest as a potential therapeutic target. We performed a systematic review to provide an overview of new therapeutic and diagnostic targets for the treatment of coronary artery disease related to endothelial dysfunction. Databases of PubMed, Ovid’s version of MEDLINE, and EMBASE were interrogated with appropriate search terms. Inclusion criteria have been met by 28 studies that were included in the final systematic review. We identified inflammation, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Fabry disease as pathophysiological mechanisms and explored the therapeutic options related to these conditions including medications such as Canakinumab. Endothelial dysfunction has a key role in several different pathophysiological processes which can be targeted for therapeutic options. Ongoing research should be targeted at making the transition to clinical practice. Further research is also needed on understanding the amelioration of endothelial dysfunction with the use of cardiovascular medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-149334104; Fax: +33-149334119
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10
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Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020366. [PMID: 36836600 PMCID: PMC9967990 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the critical structural alteration and pathological feature in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and involves changes in the intima, media and adventitia. Pulmonary vascular remodeling consists of the proliferation and phenotypic transformation of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of the middle membranous pulmonary artery, as well as complex interactions involving external layer pulmonary artery fibroblasts (PAFs) and extracellular matrix (ECM). Inflammatory mechanisms, apoptosis and other factors in the vascular wall are influenced by different mechanisms that likely act in concert to drive disease progression. This article reviews these pathological changes and highlights some pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the remodeling process.
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Loh KWZ, Hu Z, Soong TW. Modulation of Ca V1.2 Channel Function by Interacting Proteins and Post-Translational Modifications: Implications in Cardiovascular Diseases and COVID-19. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 36764970 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
CaV1.2 calcium channel is the primary conduit for Ca2+ influx into cardiac and smooth muscles that underscores its importance in the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. But, a few controversies still remain. Therefore, exploring new ways to modulate CaV1.2 channel activity will augment the arsenal of CaV1.2 channel-based therapeutics for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we will mainly introduce a couple of emerging CaV1.2 channel interacting proteins, such as Galectin-1 and Cereblon, and discuss their roles in hypertension and heart failure through fine-tuning CaV1.2 channel activity. Of current interest, we will also evaluate the implication of the role of CaV1.2 channel in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential treatments of COVID-19-related cardiovascular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Wei Zhern Loh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Diseases Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Diseases Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cardiovascular Diseases Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Shi Y, Zhu N, Qiu Y, Tan J, Wang F, Qin L, Dai A. Resistin-like molecules: a marker, mediator and therapeutic target for multiple diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36691020 PMCID: PMC9869618 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin-like molecules (RELMs) are highly cysteine-rich proteins, including RELMα, RELMβ, Resistin, and RELMγ. However, RELMs exhibit significant differences in structure, distribution, and function. The expression of RELMs is regulated by various signaling molecules, such as IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors. In addition, RELMs can mediate numerous signaling pathways, including HMGB1/RAGE, IL-4/IL-4Rα, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways, and so on. RELMs proteins are involved in wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including inflammatory response, cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, barrier defense, etc., and participate in the progression of numerous diseases such as lung diseases, intestinal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Meanwhile, RELMs can serve as biomarkers, risk predictors, and therapeutic targets for these diseases. An in-depth understanding of the role of RELMs may provide novel targets or strategies for the treatment and prevention of related diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Junlan Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Feiying Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China.
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13
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Norda S, Papadantonaki R. Regulation of cells of the arterial wall by hypoxia and its role in the development of atherosclerosis. VASA 2023; 52:6-21. [PMID: 36484144 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cell's response to hypoxia depends on stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 complex and transactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). HIF target gene transcription in cells resident to atherosclerotic lesions adjoins a complex interplay of cytokines and mediators of inflammation affecting cholesterol uptake, migration, and inflammation. Maladaptive activation of the HIF-pathway and transactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B causes monocytes to invade early atherosclerotic lesions, maintaining inflammation and aggravating a low-oxygen environment. Meanwhile HIF-dependent upregulation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 causes attenuation of cholesterol efflux and ultimately macrophages becoming foam cells. Hypoxia facilitates neovascularization by upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells lining the arterial wall destabilizing the plaque. HIF-knockout animal models and inhibitor studies were able to show beneficial effects on atherogenesis by counteracting the HIF-pathway in the cell wall. In this review the authors elaborate on the up-to-date literature on regulation of cells of the arterial wall through activation of HIF-1α and its effect on atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Norda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Rosa Papadantonaki
- Emergency Department, West Middlesex University Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Mechanism of Hypoxia-Mediated Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Leading to Vascular Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3959845. [PMID: 36593773 PMCID: PMC9805398 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3959845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling refers to changes in the size, contraction, distribution, and flow rate of blood vessels and even changes in vascular function. Vascular remodeling can cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It can also lead to other systemic diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, and ascites of broilers. Hypoxia is one of the main causes of vascular remodeling. Prolonged hypoxia or intermittent hypoxia can lead to loss of lung ventilation, causing respiratory depression, irregular respiratory rhythms, and central respiratory failure. Animals that are unable to adapt to the highland environment are also prone to sustained constriction of the small pulmonary arteries, increased resistance to pulmonary circulation, and impaired blood circulation, leading to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure if they live in a highland environment for long periods of time. However, limited studies have been found on the relationship between hypoxia and vascular remodeling. Therefore, this review will explore the relationship between hypoxia and vascular remodeling from the aspects of endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal calcium channel, disordered cellular metabolism, abnormal expression of miRNA, and other factors. This will help to understand the detailed mechanism of hypoxia-mediated smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular remodeling for the better treatment and management of diseases due to vascular remodeling.
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15
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Aakerøy L, Cheng CW, Sustova P, Scrimgeour NR, Wahl SGF, Steinshamn S, Bowen TS, Brønstad E. Identification of exercise-regulated genes in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15505. [PMID: 36324300 PMCID: PMC9630761 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major risk factor for COPD and is linked to cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Exercise training as part of pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended for all COPD patients. It has several physiological benefits, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly defined. Here, we employed transcriptomic profiling and examined lung endothelium to investigate novel interactions between exercise and CS on cardiopulmonary alterations. Mice were exposed to 20 weeks of CS, CS + 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training on a treadmill, or control. Lung and cardiac (left and right ventricle) tissue were harvested and RNA-sequencing was performed and validated with RT-qPCR. Immunohistochemistry assessed pulmonary arteriolar changes. Transcriptome analysis between groups revealed 37 significantly regulated genes in the lung, 21 genes in the left ventricle, and 43 genes in the right ventricle (likelihood-ratio test). Validated genes that showed interaction between exercise and CS included angiotensinogen (p = 0.002) and resistin-like alpha (p = 0.019) in left ventricle, with prostacyclin synthetase different in pulmonary arterioles (p = 0.004). Transcriptomic profiling revealed changes in pulmonary and cardiac tissue following exposure to CS, with exercise training exerting rescue effects. Exercise-regulated genes included angiotensinogen and resistin-like alpha, however, it remains unclear if these represent potential candidate genes or biomarkers that could play a role during pulmonary rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Aakerøy
- Department of Thoracic MedicineSt. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University HospitalTrondheimNorway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Chew W. Cheng
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Pavla Sustova
- Department of PathologySt. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University HospitalTrondheimNorway
| | - Nathan R. Scrimgeour
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | | | - Sigurd Steinshamn
- Department of Thoracic MedicineSt. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University HospitalTrondheimNorway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - T. Scott Bowen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Eivind Brønstad
- Department of Thoracic MedicineSt. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University HospitalTrondheimNorway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
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16
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Rocca A, van Heeswijk RB, Richiardi J, Meyer P, Hullin R. The Cardiomyocyte in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction-Victim of Its Environment? Cells 2022; 11:867. [PMID: 35269489 PMCID: PMC8909081 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming the predominant form of HF. However, medical therapy that improves cardiovascular outcome in HF patients with almost normal and normal systolic left ventricular function, but diastolic dysfunction is missing. The cause of this unmet need is incomplete understanding of HFpEF pathophysiology, the heterogeneity of the patient population, and poor matching of therapeutic mechanisms and primary pathophysiological processes. Recently, animal models improved understanding of the pathophysiological role of highly prevalent and often concomitantly presenting comorbidity in HFpEF patients. Evidence from these animal models provide first insight into cellular pathophysiology not considered so far in HFpEF disease, promising that improved understanding may provide new therapeutical targets. This review merges observation from animal models and human HFpEF disease with the intention to converge cardiomyocytes pathophysiological aspects and clinical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rocca
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Ruud B. van Heeswijk
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.B.v.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Jonas Richiardi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.B.v.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Philippe Meyer
- Cardiology Service, Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Science, Geneva University Hospital, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Roger Hullin
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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17
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Wang R, Mihaicuta S, Tiotiu A, Corlateanu A, Ioan IC, Bikov A. Asthma and obstructive sleep apnoea in adults and children – an up-to-date review. Sleep Med Rev 2022. [DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Wang R, Mihaicuta S, Tiotiu A, Corlateanu A, Ioan IC, Bikov A. Asthma and obstructive sleep apnoea in adults and children - an up-to-date review. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 61:101564. [PMID: 34902822 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and asthma are two common respiratory disorders in children and adults. Apart from common risk factors, such as obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease and allergic rhinitis, emerging evidence suggest that the two diseases may complicate the clinical course of each other. On one hand, OSA modifies asthmatic airway inflammation and is associated with poor asthma control. On the other hand, asthma and its medications increase the collapsibility of the upper airways contributing to the development and worsening of OSA. The overnight respiratory symptoms of OSA and asthma are often similar, and an inpatient polysomnography is often necessary for a proper diagnosis, especially in children. Continuous positive pressure, the gold standard treatment for OSA can improve asthma control in patients suffering from both diseases. However, there is limited evidence how anti-asthma medications act in the same patients. Nevertheless, adenotonsillectomy seems to be effective in children with concomitant asthma and OSA. This review summarises the evidence for the bidirectional link between asthma and OSA, focuses on diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and highlights the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Mihaicuta
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Angelica Tiotiu
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Nancy, France
| | - Alexandru Corlateanu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Iulia Cristina Ioan
- Lung Function Testing Lab, University Children's Hospital of Nancy, France; DevAH, University of Lorraine, France
| | - Andras Bikov
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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19
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Che L, Yu C, Chen G, Lin J, Xie Z, Xia T, Luo W, Cai X, Liu S. The Inflammatory Response Induced by RELMβ Upregulates IL-8 and IL-1β Expression in Bronchial Epithelial Cells in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2503-2513. [PMID: 34511895 PMCID: PMC8421257 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s321877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a complex inflammatory regulatory network. Resistin-like molecule β (RELMβ) is highly expressed in the lungs of COPD patients. We aimed to investigate the proinflammatory effect of RELMβ on airway epithelial cells in COPD. Methods First, a GEO dataset was used to analyze the expression of the RELMβ gene in the COPD and control groups as well as the protein levels of RELMβ in the sera of outpatients with COPD and normal control subjects in our hospital. We also stimulated 16HBE bronchial epithelial cells with recombinant RELMβ protein and analyzed the expression of IL-8 and IL-1β. We upregulated and downregulated the gene expression of RELMβ in 16HBE cells and analyzed the expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-1β. In addition, we also examined the mechanism by which the p38 MAPK signaling pathway contributed to the regulation of IL-8 and IL-1β expression by RELMβ. Results RELMβ expression was increased in COPD tissues in different data sets and in the serum of COPD patients in our hospital. IL-8 and IL-1β expression was also increased in COPD tissues with high RELMβ gene expression in different data sets. The RELMβ gene was mainly related to inflammatory factors and inflammatory signaling pathways in the PPI regulatory network. Experiments at the cellular level showed that RELMβ promoted the expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-1β, and this regulation was mediated by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion RELMβ can promote the expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-1β in bronchial epithelial cells of patients with COPD and exert inflammatory effects. RELMβ may be a potential target for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Che
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Lu'an, 237016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhefan Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingdong Cai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
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20
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Evans CE, Cober ND, Dai Z, Stewart DJ, Zhao YY. Endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.03957-2020. [PMID: 33509961 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03957-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease that involves pulmonary vasoconstriction, small vessel obliteration, large vessel thickening and obstruction, and development of plexiform lesions. PAH vasculopathy leads to progressive increases in pulmonary vascular resistance, right heart failure and, ultimately, premature death. Besides other cell types that are known to be involved in PAH pathogenesis (e.g. smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and leukocytes), recent studies have demonstrated that endothelial cells (ECs) have a crucial role in the initiation and progression of PAH. The EC-specific role in PAH is multi-faceted and affects numerous pathophysiological processes, including vasoconstriction, inflammation, coagulation, metabolism and oxidative/nitrative stress, as well as cell viability, growth and differentiation. In this review, we describe how EC dysfunction and cell signalling regulate the pathogenesis of PAH. We also highlight areas of research that warrant attention in future studies, and discuss potential molecular signalling pathways in ECs that could be targeted therapeutically in the prevention and treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin E Evans
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Section of Injury Repair and Regeneration, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas D Cober
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Section of Injury Repair and Regeneration, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Dept of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - You-Yang Zhao
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Section of Injury Repair and Regeneration, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA .,Dept of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Dept of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Dept of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Nakahara M, Ito H, Skinner JT, Lin Q, Tamosiuniene R, Nicolls MR, Keegan AD, Johns RA, Yamaji-Kegan K. The inflammatory role of dysregulated IRS2 in pulmonary vascular remodeling under hypoxic conditions. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L416-L428. [PMID: 34189964 PMCID: PMC8410109 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00068.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular failure, and ultimately death. We have shown previously that insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), a molecule highly critical to insulin resistance and metabolism, has an anti-inflammatory role in Th2-skewed lung inflammation and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that IRS2 has an immunomodulatory role in human and experimental PH. Expression analysis showed that IRS2 was significantly decreased in the pulmonary vasculature of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and in rat models of PH. In mice, genetic ablation of IRS2 enhanced the hypoxia-induced signaling pathway of Akt and Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in the lung tissue and increased pulmonary vascular muscularization, proliferation, and perivascular macrophage recruitment. Furthermore, mice with homozygous IRS2 gene deletion showed a significant gene dosage-dependent increase in pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy in response to hypoxia. Functional studies with bone marrow-derived macrophages isolated from homozygous IRS2 gene-deleted mice showed that hypoxia exposure led to enhancement of the Akt and ERK signaling pathway followed by increases in the pro-PH macrophage activation markers, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and arginase 1. Our data suggest that IRS2 contributes to anti-inflammatory effects by regulating macrophage activation and recruitment, which may limit the vascular inflammation, remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy that are seen in PH pathology. Restoring the IRS2 pathway may be an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of PH and right heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Nakahara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Homare Ito
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John T Skinner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rasa Tamosiuniene
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Achsah D Keegan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roger A Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
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22
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Lv M, Liu W. Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor: A Multifunctional Protein Involved in Health and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:691774. [PMID: 34336840 PMCID: PMC8319639 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.691774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF), also known as resistin-like molecule α (RELMα) or found in inflammatory zone 1 (FIZZ1) is a member of the RELM protein family expressed in mice. It is involved in a plethora of physiological processes, including mitogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and vasoconstriction. HIMF expression can be stimulated under pathological conditions and this plays a critical role in pulmonary, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The present review summarizes the molecular characteristics, and the physiological and pathological roles of HIMF in normal and diseased conditions. The potential clinical significance of these findings for human is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyang Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Tao B, Kumar S, Gomez-Arroyo J, Fan C, Zhang A, Skinner J, Hunter E, Yamaji-Kegan K, Samad I, Hillel AT, Lin Q, Zhai W, Gao WD, Johns RA. Resistin-Like Molecule α Dysregulates Cardiac Bioenergetics in Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:574708. [PMID: 33981729 PMCID: PMC8107692 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.574708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart (right) failure is the most frequent cause of death in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Although historically, increased right ventricular afterload has been considered the main contributor to right heart failure in such patients, recent evidence has suggested a potential role of load-independent factors. Here, we tested the hypothesis that resistin-like molecule α (RELMα), which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling in pulmonary artery hypertension, also contributes to cardiac metabolic remodeling, leading to heart failure. Recombinant RELMα (rRELMα) was generated via a Tet-On expression system in the T-REx 293 cell line. Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with purified rRELMα for 24 h at a dose of 50 nM. Treated cardiomyocytes exhibited decreased mRNA and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and transcription factors PPARα and ERRα, which regulate mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism, whereas genes that encode for glycolysis-related proteins were significantly upregulated. Cardiomyocytes treated with rRELMα also exhibited a decreased basal respiration, maximal respiration, spare respiratory capacity, ATP-linked OCR, and increased glycolysis, as assessed with a microplate-based cellular respirometry apparatus. Transmission electron microscopy revealed abnormal mitochondrial ultrastructure in cardiomyocytes treated with rRELMα. Our data indicate that RELMα affects cardiac energy metabolism and mitochondrial structure, biogenesis, and function by downregulating the expression of the PGC-1α/PPARα/ERRα axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdong Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jose Gomez-Arroyo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chunling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ailan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John Skinner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth Hunter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Maryland University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Idris Samad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander T. Hillel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wenqian Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Dong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Roger A. Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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24
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Pai S, Njoku DB. The Role of Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor in Organ-Specific Inflammation in the Lung and Liver: Key Concepts and Gaps in Knowledge Regarding Molecular Mechanisms of Acute or Immune-Mediated Liver Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052717. [PMID: 33800244 PMCID: PMC7962531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF), which is also known as resistin-like molecule α (RELM-α), found in inflammatory zone 1 (FIZZ1), or resistin-like alpha (retlna), is a cysteine-rich secretory protein and cytokine. HIMF has been investigated in the lung as a mediator of pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation and as a marker for alternatively activated macrophages. Although these macrophages have been found to have a role in acute liver injury and acetaminophen toxicity, few studies have investigated the role of HIMF in acute or immune-mediated liver injury. The aim of this focused review is to analyze the literature and examine the effects of HIMF and its human homolog in organ-specific inflammation in the lung and liver. We followed the guidelines set by PRISMA in constructing this review. The relevant checklist items from PRISMA were included. Items related to meta-analysis were excluded because there were no randomized controlled clinical trials. We found that HIMF was increased in most models of acute liver injury and reduced damage from acetaminophen-induced liver injury. We also found strong evidence for HIMF as a marker for alternatively activated macrophages. Our overall risk of bias assessment of all studies included revealed that 80% of manuscripts demonstrated some concerns in the randomization process. We also demonstrated some concerns (54.1%) and high risk (45.9%) of bias in the selection of the reported results. The need for randomization and reduction of bias in the reported results was similarly detected in the studies that focused on HIMF and the liver. In conclusion, we propose that HIMF could be utilized as a marker for M2 macrophages in immune-mediated liver injury. However, we also detected the need for randomized clinical trials and additional experimental and human prospective studies in order to fully comprehend the role of HIMF in acute or immune-mediated liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sananda Pai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Dolores B. Njoku
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Pullamsetti SS, Mamazhakypov A, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Savai R. Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5638-5651. [PMID: 32881714 DOI: 10.1172/jci137558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that can subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Emerging evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling plays a fundamental and pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PH. This Review summarizes the regulation of HIF isoforms and their impact in various PH subtypes, as well as the elaborate conditional and cell-specific knockout mouse studies that brought the role of this pathway to light. We also discuss the current preclinical status of pan- and isoform-selective HIF inhibitors, and propose new research areas that may facilitate HIF isoform-specific inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH and right heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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26
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Tian H, Liu L, Wu Y, Wang R, Jiang Y, Hu R, Zhu L, Li L, Fang Y, Yang C, Ji L, Liu G, Dai A. Resistin-like molecule β acts as a mitogenic factor in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via the Ca 2+-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPK signaling pathways. Respir Res 2021; 22:8. [PMID: 33407472 PMCID: PMC7789700 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation plays a crucial role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Previous studies have found that resistin-like molecule β (RELM-β) is upregulated de novo in response to hypoxia in cultured human PASMCs (hPASMCs). RELM-β has been reported to promote hPASMC proliferation and is involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with PAH. However, the expression pattern, effects, and mechanisms of action of RELM-β in HPH remain unclear. Methods We assessed the expression pattern, mitogenetic effect, and mechanism of action of RELM-β in a rat HPH model and in hPASMCs. Results Overexpression of RELM-β caused hemodynamic changes in a rat model of HPH similar to those induced by chronic hypoxia, including increased mean right ventricular systolic pressure (mRVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) and thickening of small pulmonary arterioles. Knockdown of RELM-β partially blocked the increases in mRVSP, RVHI, and vascular remodeling induced by hypoxia. The phosphorylation levels of the PI3K, Akt, mTOR, PKC, and MAPK proteins were significantly up- or downregulated by RELM-β gene overexpression or silencing, respectively. Recombinant RELM-β protein increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in primary cultured hPASMCs and promoted hPASMC proliferation. The mitogenic effects of RELM-β on hPASMCs and the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, PKC, and MAPK were suppressed by a Ca2+ inhibitor. Conclusions Our findings suggest that RELM-β acts as a cytokine-like growth factor in the development of HPH and that the effects of RELM-β are likely to be mediated by the Ca2+-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heshen Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruicheng Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linwei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chulan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianzhi Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Department of Geriatric, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Hu Y, Chi L, Kuebler WM, Goldenberg NM. Perivascular Inflammation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112338. [PMID: 33105588 PMCID: PMC7690279 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Perivascular inflammation is a prominent pathologic feature in most animal models of pulmonary hypertension (PH) as well as in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. Accumulating evidence suggests a functional role of perivascular inflammation in the initiation and/or progression of PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling. High levels of cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory mediators can be detected in PAH patients and correlate with clinical outcome. Similarly, multiple immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes characteristically accumulate around pulmonary vessels in PAH. Concomitantly, vascular and parenchymal cells including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts change their phenotype, resulting in altered sensitivity to inflammatory triggers and their enhanced capacity to stage inflammatory responses themselves, as well as the active secretion of cytokines and chemokines. The growing recognition of the interaction between inflammatory cells, vascular cells, and inflammatory mediators may provide important clues for the development of novel, safe, and effective immunotargeted therapies in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Hu
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada;
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Leon Chi
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada;
| | - Wolfgang M. Kuebler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada;
- Departments of Physiology and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada
- Institute of Physiology, Charité Universitäts Medizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-528-501
| | - Neil M. Goldenberg
- Departments of Physiology and Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada;
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5B1W8, Canada
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28
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Pu X, Du L, Hu Y, Fan Y, Xu Q. Stem/Progenitor Cells and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:167-178. [PMID: 33028095 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Despite significant advancement in our understanding of the pathogenesis of PAH in recent years, treatment options for PAH are limited and their prognosis remains poor. PAH is now seen as a severe pulmonary arterial vasculopathy with structural changes driven by excessive vascular proliferation and inflammation. Perturbations of a number of cellular and molecular mechanisms have been described, including pathways involving growth factors, cytokines, metabolic signaling, elastases, and proteases, underscoring the complexity of the disease pathogenesis. Interestingly, emerging evidence suggests that stem/progenitor cells may have an impact on disease development and therapy. In preclinical studies, stem/progenitor cells displayed an ability to promote endothelial repair of dysfunctional arteries and induce neovascularization. The stem cell-based therapy for PAH are now under active investigation. This review article will briefly summarize the updates in the research field, with a special focus on the contribution of stem/progenitor cells to lesion formation via influencing vascular cell functions and highlight the potential clinical application of stem/progenitor cell therapy to PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Pu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
| | - Luping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
| | - Yanhua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
| | - Ye Fan
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.F.)
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
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29
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Smaila BD, Holland SD, Babaeijandaghi F, Henderson HG, Rossi FMV, Ramer MS. Systemic hypoxia mimicry enhances axonal regeneration and functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113436. [PMID: 32814068 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ability of peripheral nerves to regenerate after injury, failure occurs due to an inability of supporting cells to maintain growth, resulting in long-term consequences such as sensorimotor dysfunction and neuropathic pain. Here, we investigate the potential of engaging the cellular adaptive response to hypoxia, via inhibiting its negative regulators, to enhance the regenerative process. Under normoxic conditions, prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins 1, 2, and 3 hydroxylate the key metabolic regulator hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), marking it for subsequent proteasomal degradation. We inhibited PHD protein function systemically via either individual genetic deletion or pharmacological pan-PHD inhibition using dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). We show enhanced axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve crush injury in PHD1-/- mice, PHD3-/- mice, and in DMOG-treated mice, and in PHD1-/- and DMOG-treated mice a reduction in hypersensitivity to cooling after permanent sciatic ligation. Electromyographically, PHD1-/- and PHD3-/- mice showed an increased CMAP amplitude one-month post-injury, probably due to protection against denervation induced muscle atrophy, while DMOG-treated and PHD2+/- mice showed reduced latencies, indicating improved motor axon function. DMOG treatment did not affect the growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites in vitro, suggesting a lack of direct effects of DMOG on axonal regrowth. Enhanced regeneration in vivo was concurrent with an increase in macrophage density, and a shift in macrophage polarization state ratios (from M1-like toward M2-like) in DMOG-treated animals. These results indicate PHD proteins as a novel therapeutic target to improve regenerative and functional outcomes after peripheral nerve injury without manipulating molecular O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney D Smaila
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), The University of British Columbia, 818 West 10(th) Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z1M9, Canada
| | - Seth D Holland
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), The University of British Columbia, 818 West 10(th) Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z1M9, Canada
| | - Farshad Babaeijandaghi
- The Biomedical Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Holly G Henderson
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), The University of British Columbia, 818 West 10(th) Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z1M9, Canada
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- The Biomedical Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Matt S Ramer
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), The University of British Columbia, 818 West 10(th) Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z1M9, Canada.
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30
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Liu M, Galli G, Wang Y, Fan Q, Wang Z, Wang X, Xiao W. Novel Therapeutic Targets for Hypoxia-Related Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of HIF-1. Front Physiol 2020; 11:774. [PMID: 32760290 PMCID: PMC7375027 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient oxygen availability (hypoxia) is a precursor to numerous cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure. The main site of hypoxic injury in the human body is the mitochondria, where oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is activated in hypoxic conditions and acts as an important modulator of diverse target genes in the human body. The downstream genes of HIF include vital modulators of cardiovascular-related signaling pathways. Therefore, it is hypothesized that HIF represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. In this short review, we introduce the pathophysiology of hypoxic injury in cardiovascular disease, and we conclude from convincing evidence that HIF can modulate relevant cardioprotective signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Gina Galli
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yilin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Qiru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China.,Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
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31
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Deng H, Sun Y, Zeng W, Li H, Guo M, Yang L, Lu B, Yu B, Fan G, Gao Q, Jiang X. New Classification of Macrophages in Plaques: a Revolution. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2020; 22:31. [PMID: 32556603 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-020-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Macrophages play vital roles in the development of atherosclerosis in responding to lipid accumulation and inflammation. Macrophages were classified as inflammatory (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophage types based on results of in vitro experiments. On the other hand, the composition of macrophages in vivo is more complex and remains unresolved. This review summarizes the transcriptional variations of macrophages in atherosclerosis plaques that were discovered by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to better understand their contribution to atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS ScRNA-seq provides a more detailed transcriptional landscape of macrophages in atherosclerosis, which challenges the traditional view. By mining the data of GSE97310, we discovered the transcriptional variations of macrophages in LDLR-/- mice that were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 11 and 20 weeks. Cells were represented in a two-dimensional tSNE plane and clusters were identified and annotated via Seurat and SingleR respectively, which were R toolkits for single-cell genomics. The results showed that in healthy conditions, Trem2hi (high expression of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2)-positive, inflammatory, and resident-like macrophages make up 68%, 18%, and 6% of total macrophages respectively. When mice were fed with HFD for 11 weeks, Trem2hi, monocytes, and monocyte-derived dendritic cells take possession of 40%, 18%, and 17% of total macrophages respectively. After 20 weeks of HFD feeding, Trem2hi, inflammatory, and resident-like macrophages occupied 12%, 37%, and 35% of total macrophages respectively. The phenotypes of macrophages are very different from the previous studies. In general, Trem2hi macrophages are the most abundant population in healthy mice, while the proportion of monocytes increases after 11 weeks of HFD. Most importantly, inflammatory and resident-like macrophages make up 70% of the macrophage populations after 20 weeks of HFD. These strongly indicate that inflammatory and resident-like macrophages promote the progression of atherosclerosis plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingxin Sun
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huhu Li
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Lu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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32
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Lin Q, Johns RA. Resistin family proteins in pulmonary diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L422-L434. [PMID: 32692581 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00040.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of resistin-like molecules (RELMs) consists of four members in rodents (RELMα/FIZZ1/HIMF, RELMβ/FIZZ2, Resistin/FIZZ3, and RELMγ/FIZZ4) and two members in humans (Resistin and RELMβ), all of which exhibit inflammation-regulating, chemokine, and growth factor properties. The importance of these cytokines in many aspects of physiology and pathophysiology, especially in cardiothoracic diseases, is rapidly evolving in the literature. In this review article, we attempt to summarize the contribution of RELM signaling to the initiation and progression of lung diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, asthma/allergic airway inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fibrosis, cancers, infection, and other acute lung injuries. The potential of RELMs to be used as biomarkers or risk predictors of these diseases also will be discussed. Better understanding of RELM signaling in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases may offer novel targets or approaches for the development of therapeutics to treat or prevent a variety of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis-related disorders in respiratory, cardiovascular, and other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roger A Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Li X, Zhang Q, Nasser MI, Xu L, Zhang X, Zhu P, He Q, Zhao M. Oxygen homeostasis and cardiovascular disease: A role for HIF? Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110338. [PMID: 32526454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, the decline of tissue oxygen stress, plays a role in mediating cellular processes. Cardiovascular disease, relatively widespread with increased mortality, is closely correlated with oxygen homeostasis regulation. Besides, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1) is reported to be a crucial component in regulating systemic hypoxia-induced physiological and pathological modifications like oxidative stress, damage, angiogenesis, vascular remodeling, inflammatory reaction, and metabolic remodeling. In addition, HIF1 controls the movement, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and activity of numerous core cells, such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and macrophages. Here we review the molecular regulation of HIF-1 in cardiovascular diseases, intended to improve therapeutic approaches for clinical diagnoses. Better knowledge of the oxygen balance control and the signal mechanisms involved is important to advance the development of hypoxia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Quyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - M I Nasser
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Linyong Xu
- Xiangya School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China.
| | - Qingnan He
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China.
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China.
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Chen S, Xu H, Hu F, Wang T. Identification of Key Players Involved in CoCl 2 Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in vitro. Front Genet 2020; 11:232. [PMID: 32391042 PMCID: PMC7193018 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) induced by hypoxia was considered as the main cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aimed to explore potential genes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the mechanism of hypoxia-induced PAH. Methods CoCl2 was utilized to induce hypoxia in HPASMCs, and then cell proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1α were determined. Meanwhile, the RNA isolated from CoCl2-treated cells and control cells were sequenced and differentially expressed genes/lncRNA (DEGs/DELs) were screened, followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) construction, functional enrichment analyses, and lncRNA-target prediction. Finally, the expression of key genes and lncRNAs were validated using quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. Results CoCl2 treatment could significantly increase the expression of HIF-1α and the proliferation of HPASMCs. A total of 360 DEGs and 57 DELs were identified between CoCl2 treated and control cells. Functional enrichment analysis showed that up-regulated DEGs and DELs’ targets, including LDHA, PFKP, and VEGFA, were significantly enriched in biological processes related to hypoxia or oxygen levels, and the downregulated DEGs and DELs’ targets were significantly enriched in extracellular-matrix-related biological processes. In addition, LDHA, PFKP, and VEGFA exhibited a strong relationship with miR-100HG and TSPEAR-AS2 in lncRNA-target network. The protein level of LDHA, PFKP, and VEGFA were all increased. Conclusion LDHA, PFKP, VEGFA, and lncRNA miR-100HG and TSPEAR-AS2 probably played crucial roles in the pathogenesis of CoCl2 hypoxia-induced-HAP, which might serve as promising therapeutic targets for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Han L, Song N, Hu X, Zhu A, Wei X, Liu J, Yuan S, Mao W, Chen X. Inhibition of RELM-β prevents hypoxia-induced overproliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by reversing PLC-mediated KCNK3 decline. Life Sci 2020; 246:117419. [PMID: 32045592 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although resistin-like molecule β (RELM-β) is involved in the pathological processes of various lung diseases, such as pulmonary inflammation, asthma and fibrosis, its potential roles in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain largely unknown. The study aims to investigate whether RELM-β contributes to hypoxia-induced excessive proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and to explore the potential mechanisms of this process. MAIN METHODS Human PASMCs were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (1% O2) for 24 h. siRNA targeting RELM-β was transfected into cells. Protein levels of KCNK3, RELM-β, pSTAT3 and STAT3 were determined by immunoblotting. The translocation of NFATc2 and expression of KCNK3 were visualized by immunofluorescence. 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays and cell counting kit-8 assays were performed to assess the proliferation of PASMCs. KEY FINDINGS (1) Chronic hypoxia significantly decreased KCNK3 protein levels while upregulating RELM-β protein levels in human PASMCs, which was accompanied by excessive proliferation of cells. (2) RELM-β could promote human PASMCs proliferation and activate the STAT3/NFAT axis by downregulating KCNK3 protein under normoxia. (3) Inhibition of RELM-β expression effectively prevented KCNK3-mediated cell proliferation under hypoxia. (4) Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U-73122 could not only prevent the hypoxia/RELM-β-induced decrease in KCNK3 protein, but also inhibit the enhanced cell viability caused by hypoxia/RELM-β. (5) Both hypoxia and RELM-β could downregulate membrane KCNK3 protein levels by enhancing endocytosis. SIGNIFICANCE RELM-β activation is responsible for hypoxia-induced excessive proliferation of human PASMCs. Interfering with RELM-β may alleviate the progression of hypoxic PAH by upregulating PLC-dependent KCNK3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Nannan Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Afang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jinmin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shiying Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weike Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Boucherat O, Paulin R, Provencher S, Bonnet S. New Insights Into HIMF (Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor)-Mediated Signaling Pathways in Pulmonary Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:2451-2453. [PMID: 31770028 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucherat
- From the Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Roxane Paulin
- From the Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- From the Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- From the Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
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Kumar S, Wang G, Zheng N, Cheng W, Ouyang K, Lin H, Liao Y, Liu J. HIMF (Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor)-IL (Interleukin)-6 Signaling Mediates Cardiomyocyte-Fibroblast Crosstalk to Promote Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis. Hypertension 2019; 73:1058-1070. [PMID: 30827145 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HIMF (hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor) is a secreted proinflammatory cytokine with a critical role in cardiac hypertrophy development. Loss of HIMF attenuates transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We show that IL (interleukin)-6 production increases following transverse aortic constriction in wild-type mice; this effect is inhibited in HIMF gene knockout ( Himf-/-) mice. IL-6 production also increases in cultured cardiac myocytes overexpressing HIMF and neutralizing IL-6 with an anti-IL-6 antibody prohibits HIMF-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. HIMF expression in cardiac fibroblasts cannot be stimulated by transverse aortic constriction or exposure to prohypertrophic factors, including phenylephrine, Ang II (angiotensin II), TGF (transform growth factor)-β, and hypoxia. However, conditioned medium from cardiomyocytes overexpressing HIMF can increase IL-6 production, and cardiac fibroblast proliferation, migration, and myofibroblast differentiation to a similar level as exposure to exogenous rHIMF (recombinant HIMF). Again, neutralizing IL-6 prevented cardiac fibroblasts activation. Finally, the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II)-STAT3 (signal transducers and activators of transcription 3) pathways are activated in HIMF-overexpressing cardiomyocytes and rHIMF-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts; this effect can be inhibited on neutralizing IL-6. These data support that HIMF induces cardiac fibrosis via a cardiomyocyte-to-fibroblast paracrine effect. IL-6 is a downstream signal of HIMF and has a central role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that is mediated by activating the MAPK and CaMKII-STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- From the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Pathophysiology (S.K., G.W., W.C., J.L.), Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China
| | - Gang Wang
- From the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Pathophysiology (S.K., G.W., W.C., J.L.), Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology (N.Z.), Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China
| | - Wanwen Cheng
- From the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Pathophysiology (S.K., G.W., W.C., J.L.), Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Drug Discovery Center, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China (K.O.)
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (H.L., Y.L.)
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (H.L., Y.L.)
| | - Jie Liu
- From the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Pathophysiology (S.K., G.W., W.C., J.L.), Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China
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Lin Q, Fan C, Skinner JT, Hunter EN, Macdonald AA, Illei PB, Yamaji-Kegan K, Johns RA. RELMα Licenses Macrophages for Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Activation to Instigate Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2862-2871. [PMID: 31611261 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a debilitating disease characterized by remodeling of the lung vasculature. In rodents, resistin-like molecule-α (RELMα, also known as HIMF or FIZZ1) can induce PH, but the signaling mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we used human lung samples and a hypoxia-induced mouse model of PH. We found that the human homolog of RELMα, human (h) resistin, is upregulated in macrophage-like inflammatory cells from lung tissues of patients with idiopathic PH. Additionally, at PH onset in the mouse model, we observed RELMα-dependent lung accumulation of macrophages that expressed high levels of the key damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and its receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). In vitro, RELMα/hresistin-induced macrophage-specific HMGB1/RAGE expression and facilitated HMGB1 nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation and extracellular secretion. Mechanistically, hresistin promoted HMGB1 posttranslational lysine acetylation by preserving the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin (Sirt) 1 in human macrophages. Notably, the hresistin-stimulated macrophages promoted apoptosis-resistant proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in an HMGB1/RAGE-dependent manner. In the mouse model, RELMα also suppressed the Sirt1 signal in pulmonary macrophages in the early posthypoxic period. Notably, recruited macrophages in the lungs of these mice carried the RELMα binding partner Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). hResistin also mediated the migration of human macrophages by activating BTK in vitro. Collectively, these data reveal a vascular-immune cellular interaction in the early PH stage and suggest that targeting RELMα/DAMP-driven macrophages may offer a promising strategy to treat PH and other related vascular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Chunling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - John T Skinner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Elizabeth N Hunter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Andrew A Macdonald
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Peter B Illei
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Roger A Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
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Lin Q, Fan C, Gomez-Arroyo J, Van Raemdonck K, Meuchel LW, Skinner JT, Everett AD, Fang X, Macdonald AA, Yamaji-Kegan K, Johns RA. HIMF (Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor) Signaling Mediates the HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1)-Dependent Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cell Crosstalk in Pulmonary Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:2505-2519. [PMID: 31597444 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIMF (hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor; also known as FIZZ1 [found in inflammatory zone-1] or RELM [resistin-like molecule-α]) is an etiological factor of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rodents, but its underlying mechanism is unclear. We investigated the immunomodulatory properties of HIMF signaling in PH pathogenesis. Approach and Results: Gene-modified mice that lacked HIMF (KO [knockout]) or overexpressed HIMF human homolog resistin (hResistin) were used for in vivo experiments. The pro-PH role of HIMF was verified in HIMF-KO mice exposed to chronic hypoxia or sugen/hypoxia. Mechanistically, HIMF/hResistin activation triggered the HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) pathway and RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) in pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) of hypoxic mouse lungs in vivo and in human pulmonary microvascular ECs in vitro. Treatment with conditioned medium from hResistin-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular ECs induced an autophagic response, BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) defects, and subsequent apoptosis-resistant proliferation in human pulmonary artery (vascular) smooth muscle cells in an HMGB1-dependent manner. These effects were confirmed in ECs and smooth muscle cells isolated from pulmonary arteries of patients with idiopathic PH. HIMF/HMGB1/RAGE-mediated autophagy and BMPR2 impairment were also observed in pulmonary artery (vascular) smooth muscle cells of hypoxic mice, effects perhaps related to FoxO1 (forkhead box O1) dampening by HIMF. Experiments in EC-specific hResistin-overexpressing transgenic mice confirmed that EC-derived HMGB1 mediated the hResistin-driven pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH. CONCLUSIONS In HIMF-induced PH, HMGB1-RAGE signaling is pivotal for mediating EC-smooth muscle cell crosstalk. The humanized mouse data further support clinical implications for the HIMF/HMGB1 signaling axis and indicate that hResistin and its downstream pathway may constitute targets for the development of novel anti-PH therapeutics in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chunling Fan
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jose Gomez-Arroyo
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Katrien Van Raemdonck
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lucas W Meuchel
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - John T Skinner
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Allen D Everett
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics (A.D.E.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xia Fang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrew A Macdonald
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Roger A Johns
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Lu HS, Schmidt AM, Hegele RA, Mackman N, Rader DJ, Weber C, Daugherty A. Reporting Sex and Sex Differences in Preclinical Studies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e171-e184. [PMID: 30354222 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong S Lu
- From the Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L., A.D.)
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (A.M.S.)
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (R.A.H.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine (D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.,Department of Genetics (D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Christian Weber
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (C.W.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W.)
| | - Alan Daugherty
- From the Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L., A.D.)
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Liu J, Wang W, Wang L, Chen S, Tian B, Huang K, Corrigan CJ, Ying S, Wang W, Wang C. IL-33 Initiates Vascular Remodelling in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension by up-Regulating HIF-1α and VEGF Expression in Vascular Endothelial Cells. EBioMedicine 2018; 33:196-210. [PMID: 29921553 PMCID: PMC6085568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-33 may play a role in the vascular remodelling of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH) but the precise mechanisms are still unclear. We hypothesized that hypoxia promotes expression of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 on vascular endothelial cells, which in turn leads to dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells contributing to PH. Immunohistochemistry showed that immunoreactivity for IL-33 and ST2 was significantly increased in lung tissue of murine model of hypoxia-induced PH (HPH) and of subjects with bronchiectasis-PH. trans-Thoracic echocardiography showed that haemodynamic changes and right ventricular hypertrophy associated with HPH were significantly abrogated in St2−/− compared with WT mice. Administration of IL-33 further exacerbated these changes in the hypoxia-exposed WT mice. In vitro, hypoxia significantly increased IL-33/ST2 expression by human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs), while exogenous IL-33 enhanced proliferation, adhesiveness and spontaneous angiogenesis of HPAECs. Knockdown of endogenous Il33 or St2 using siRNA transfection significantly suppressed these effects in both normoxic and hypoxic culture-conditions. Deletion of the St2 gene attenuated hypoxia-induced, elevated lung expression of HIF-1α/VEGFA/VEGFR-2/ICAM-1, while administration of exogenous VEGFA partially reversed the attenuation of the haemodynamic indices of PH. Correspondingly, knockdown of the St2 or Hif1α genes almost completely abrogated IL-33-induced expression of HIF-1α/VEGFA/VEGFR-2 by HPAECs in vitro. Further, IL-33-induced angiogenesis by HPAECs was extensively abrogated by knockdown of the Hif1α/Vegfa or Vegfr2 genes. These data suggest that hypoxia induces elevated expression of IL-33/ST2 by HPAECs which, at least partly by increasing downstream expression of HIF-1α and VEGF initiates vascular remodelling resulting in HPH. Evidence before this study We have been focusing on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary diseases for a long time, including asthma, COPD, fibrosis and bronchiectasis. We and others found that IL-33 might contribute to the occurrence and prognosis of many other diseases through binding its receptor ST2. Based on these findings, we were very eager to know whether IL-33/ST2 axis also exerts a role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH), a complication of many chronic respiratory diseases. Although it is well known that HIF-1α and VEGF play critical role in this complication, it is still unclear what the upstream of HIF-1α and VEGF is. Therefore, we first tested immunoreactivity for IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in the lung tissue sections derived from surgical specimens and from our established murine models of HPH. Surprisingly, we noted the increased immunoreactivity for both targets in these tissue sections. These findings inspired us to further explore the details of IL-33/ST2 in the pathogenesis of HPH. Added value of this study HPH is a life-threatening complication because there is lack of effective treatment. Although pulmonary arteries and ventricular remodelling might be mainly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, the precise mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, we showed that hypoxia is a critical driver which induced expression of IL-33 and ST2 by endothelial cells. These factors, in turn triggered expression of HIF-1α and VEGF by endothelial cells and led to proliferation, adhesion and tube formation of these cells. We also showed that in the presence of IL-33, endothelial cells were able to affect proliferation and migration of artery smooth muscle cells, although IL-33 alone did not have such effects. These findings suggest that hypoxia and IL-33/ST2 might be initiators for HPH, through regulating downstream factors HIF-1α and VEGF. Implications of all the available evidence Our data suggest that IL-33/ST2 axis plays critical role in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension because depletion of these molecules much remitted the phenomenon of complication. These observations might provide alternative therapeutic strategy for clinical treatment of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- The Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The Department of Physiology and Pathological Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Wang
- The Department of Physiology and Pathological Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- The Department of Physiology and Pathological Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shihao Chen
- The Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kewu Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chris J Corrigan
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sun Ying
- The Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- The Department of Respirology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Kumar S, Wang G, Liu W, Ding W, Dong M, Zheng N, Ye H, Liu J. Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via Calcium-Dependent and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Mechanisms. Hypertension 2018; 72:331-342. [PMID: 29891648 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
HIMF (hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor/found in inflammatory zone 1/resistin like α) is a secretory and cytokine-like protein and serves as a critical stimulator of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. With a role for HIMF in heart disease unknown, we explored the possible roles for HIMF in cardiac hypertrophy by overexpressing and knocking down HIMF in cardiomyocytes and characterizing HIMF gene (himf) knockout mice. We found that HIMF mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in phenylephrine-stimulated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and our mouse model of transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as well as in human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, HIMF overexpression could induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, as characterized by elevated protein expression of hypertrophic biomarkers (ANP [atrial natriuretic peptide] and β-MHC [myosin heavy chain-β]) and increased cell-surface area compared with controls. Conversely, HIMF knockdown prevented phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and himf ablation in knockout mice significantly attenuated transverse aortic constriction-induced hypertrophic remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. HIMF overexpression increased the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and activated the CaN-NFAT (calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cell) and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathways; this effect could be prevented by reducing cytosolic Ca2+ concentration with L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine or inhibiting the CaSR (Ca2+ sensing receptor) with Calhex 231. Furthermore, HIMF overexpression increased HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor) expression in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes, and HIMF knockout inhibited HIF-1α upregulation in transverse aortic constriction mice. Knockdown of HIF-1α attenuated HIMF-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In conclusion, HIMF has a critical role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, and targeting HIMF may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China (S.K., G.W., W.L., M.D., N.Z., J.L.)
| | - Gang Wang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China (S.K., G.W., W.L., M.D., N.Z., J.L.)
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China (S.K., G.W., W.L., M.D., N.Z., J.L.)
| | - Wenwen Ding
- Institute for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Medicine, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, China (W.D.)
| | - Ming Dong
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China (S.K., G.W., W.L., M.D., N.Z., J.L.)
| | - Na Zheng
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China (S.K., G.W., W.L., M.D., N.Z., J.L.)
| | - Hongyu Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan People's Hospital, China (H.Y.)
| | - Jie Liu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, China (S.K., G.W., W.L., M.D., N.Z., J.L.)
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Urrutia AA, Aragonés J. HIF Oxygen Sensing Pathways in Lung Biology. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020068. [PMID: 29882755 PMCID: PMC6027477 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular responses to oxygen fluctuations are largely mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Upon inhalation, the first organ inspired oxygen comes into contact with is the lungs, but the understanding of the pulmonary HIF oxygen-sensing pathway is still limited. In this review we will focus on the role of HIF1α and HIF2α isoforms in lung responses to oxygen insufficiency. In particular, we will discuss novel findings regarding their role in the biology of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in the context of hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Moreover, we will also discuss recent studies into HIF-dependent responses in the airway epithelium, which have been even less studied than the HIF-dependent vascular responses in the lungs. In summary, we will review the biological functions executed by HIF1 or HIF2 in the pulmonary vessels and epithelium to control lung responses to oxygen fluctuations as well as their pathological consequences in the hypoxic lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A Urrutia
- Research Unit, Hospital of Santa Cristina, Research Institute Princesa (IP), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28009 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julián Aragonés
- Research Unit, Hospital of Santa Cristina, Research Institute Princesa (IP), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28009 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
The endothelium plays important roles in modulating vascular tone by synthesizing and releasing a variety of endothelium-derived relaxing factors, including vasodilator prostaglandins, NO, and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factors, as well as endothelium-derived contracting factors. Endothelial dysfunction is mainly caused by reduced production or action of these relaxing mediators. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that endothelial functions are essential to ensure proper maintenance of vascular homeostasis and that endothelial dysfunction is the hallmark of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases associated with pathological conditions toward vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and inflammatory state. In the clinical settings, evaluation of endothelial functions has gained increasing attention in view of its emerging relevance for cardiovascular disease. Recent experimental and clinical studies in the vascular biology field have demonstrated a close relationship between endothelial functions and cardiovascular disease and the highlighted emerging modulators of endothelial functions, new insight into cardiovascular disease associated with endothelial dysfunction, and potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets with major clinical implications. We herein will summarize the current knowledge on endothelial functions from bench to bedside with particular focus on recent publications in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Godo
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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45
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Altit G, Dancea A, Renaud C, Perreault T, Lands LC, Sant'Anna G. Pathophysiology, screening and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia - A review of the literature. Paediatr Respir Rev 2017; 23:16-26. [PMID: 27986502 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication of extreme prematurity, which has increased over the last 20 years. BPD is associated with increased morbidities and mortality. It has been increasingly recognized that BPD affects overall lung development including the pulmonary vasculature. More recent studies have demonstrated an increased awareness of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) in BPD patients and recent international guidelines have advocated for better screening. This review will describe the current understanding of the pathophysiology of PH in infants with BPD, the in-depth assessment of the available literature linking PH and BPD, and propose an approach of screening and diagnosis of PH in infants with BPD.
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Pugliese SC, Kumar S, Janssen WJ, Graham BB, Frid MG, Riddle SR, El Kasmi KC, Stenmark KR. A Time- and Compartment-Specific Activation of Lung Macrophages in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4802-4812. [PMID: 28500078 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies in various animal models suggest an important role for pulmonary macrophages in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Yet, the molecular mechanisms characterizing the functional macrophage phenotype relative to time and pulmonary localization and compartmentalization remain largely unknown. In this study, we used a hypoxic murine model of PH in combination with FACS to quantify and isolate lung macrophages from two compartments over time and characterize their programing via RNA sequencing approaches. In response to hypoxia, we found an early increase in macrophage number that was restricted to the interstitial/perivascular compartment, without recruitment of macrophages to the alveolar compartment or changes in the number of resident alveolar macrophages. Principal component analysis demonstrated significant differences in overall gene expression between alveolar and interstitial macrophages (IMs) at baseline and after 4 and 14 d hypoxic exposure. Alveolar macrophages at both day 4 and 14 and IMs at day 4 shared a conserved hypoxia program characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, proinflammatory gene activation, and mTORC1 signaling, whereas IMs at day 14 demonstrated a unique anti-inflammatory/proreparative programming state. We conclude that the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling in hypoxic PH involves an early compartment-independent activation of lung macrophages toward a conserved hypoxia program, with the development of compartment-specific programs later in the course of the disease. Thus, harnessing time- and compartment-specific differences in lung macrophage polarization needs to be considered in the therapeutic targeting of macrophages in hypoxic PH and potentially other inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Pugliese
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - William J Janssen
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045.,Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Brian B Graham
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Maria G Frid
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Suzette R Riddle
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045;
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47
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Zeng X, Zhu L, Xiao R, Liu B, Sun M, Liu F, Hao Q, Lu Y, Zhang J, Li J, Wang T, Wei X, Hu Q. Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor Acts as a Nonclassical Ligand of Calcium-Sensing Receptor, Therapeutically Exploitable for Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Hypertension 2017; 69:844-854. [PMID: 28348014 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF) is an inflammatory cytokine playing important role(s) in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. The molecular target mediating HIMF-stimulated downstream events remains unclear. The coimmunoprecipitation screen identified extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) as the binding partner for HIMF in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The yeast 2-hybrid assay then revealed the binding of HIMF to the intracellular, not the extracellular, domain of extracellular CaSR. The binding of HIMF enhanced the activity of extracellular CaSR and mediated hypoxia-evoked proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth cells and the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension, all of which was specifically attenuated by a synthesized membrane-permeable peptide flanking the core amino acids of the intracellular binding domain of extracellular CaSR. Thus, HIMF induces pulmonary hypertension as a nonclassical ligand of extracellular CaSR, and the binding motif of extracellular CaSR can be therapeutically exploitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqin Zeng
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xiao
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxun Liu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxiang Sun
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangbo Liu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Hao
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankai Lu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansha Li
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wei
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Q. Hu), Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health (X.Z., L.Z., R.X., B.L., M.S., F.L., Q. Hao, Y.L., J.Z., J.L., T.W., Q. Hu), Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital (Y.L., J.L.), Department of Pathology, Union Hospital (J.Z.), Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (T.W.), and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital (X.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Mistry I, Tavassoli A. Reprogramming the Transcriptional Response to Hypoxia with a Chromosomally Encoded Cyclic Peptide HIF-1 Inhibitor. ACS Synth Biol 2017; 6:518-527. [PMID: 27978620 PMCID: PMC6014682 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The cellular response to hypoxia is orchestrated by HIF-1, a heterodimeric transcription factor composed of an α and a β subunit that enables cell survival under low oxygen conditions by altering the transcription of over 300 genes. There is significant evidence that inhibition of HIF-1 would be beneficial for cancer therapy. We recently reported a cyclic hexapeptide that inhibits the HIF-1α/HIF-1β protein-protein interaction in vitro and prevents HIF-1-mediated hypoxia-response signaling in cells. This cyclic peptide was identified from a library of 3.2 × 106 members generated using SICLOPPS split-intein mediated protein splicing. With a view to demonstrating the potential for encoding the production of a therapeutic agent in response to a disease marker, we have engineered human cells with an additional chromosomal control circuit that conditionally encodes the production of our cyclic peptide HIF-1 inhibitor. We demonstrate the conditional production of our HIF-1 inhibitor in response to hypoxia, and its inhibitory effect on HIF-1 dimerization and downstream hypoxia-response signaling. These engineered cells are used to illustrate the synthetic lethality of inhibiting HIF-1 dimerization and glycolysis in hypoxic cells. Our approach not only eliminates the need for the chemical synthesis and targeted delivery of our HIF-1 inhibitor to cells, it also demonstrates the wider possibility that the production machinery of other bioactive compounds may be incorporated onto the chromosome of human cells. This work demonstrates the potential of sentinel circuits that produce molecular modulators of cellular pathways in response to environmental or cellular disease stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishna
N. Mistry
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Ali Tavassoli
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
- Institute
for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
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Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Guan Y, Liu S, Chen Q, Li X. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a New Nitroimidazole-99mTc-Complex for Imaging of Hypoxia in Mice Model. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3778-3791. [PMID: 27752036 PMCID: PMC5072380 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was specifically designed to develop a new 99mTc compound with 3-amino-4-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol)-ethylamino]-4-oxo-butyrate (5-ntm-asp) and to verify whether this compound is feasible to be a radiopharmaceutical for hypoxic tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Metronidazole derivative 5-ntm-asp was synthesized and then radio-labeled by Na [99mTcO4], forming 99mTc-5-ntm-asp. Another two complexes of 99mTc-2- and 99mTc-5-nitroimidazole-iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-2-ntm-IDA and 99mTc-5-ntm-IDA) were also synthesized based on previous studies. Physicochemical properties (stability, lipophilicity, protein binding) of the compounds were compared, and we also assessed the accumulation status of the compounds within A549 cells under both hypoxic and aerobic conditions. Distribution of the complex was also studied in vivo using BALB/c nude mice that were injected with A549 cells. RESULTS Compared with 99mTc-2-ntm-IDA and 99mTc-5-ntm-IDA, 99mTc-5-ntm-asp was more stable in both phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer and human plasma (P<0.05). Besides that, 99mTc-5-ntm-asp offered lower lipophilicity and protein-binding rate than the two complexes (P<0.05). During assessment of hypoxic uptake status and high hypoxic/aerobic ratio in mice injected with A549 cells, 99mTc-5-ntm-asp exhibited a more favorable profile than 9mTc-2-ntm-IDA and 99mTc-5-ntm-IDA, including uptake ratio of tumor/blood and uptake ratio of tumor/muscle. CONCLUSIONS With overall consideration of physicochemical properties and biological uptake behavior, it is feasible to use 99mTc-5-ntm-asp as an imaging agent for tumor hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yanxing Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shaozheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qingjie Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
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