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Sharma N, Khalyfa A, Cai D, Morales-Quinones M, Soares RN, Higashi Y, Chen S, Gozal D, Padilla J, Manrique-Acevedo C, Chandrasekar B, Martinez-Lemus LA. Chronic intermittent hypoxia facilitates the development of angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in male mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 137:527-539. [PMID: 38867666 PMCID: PMC11424178 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00842.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH), is highly prevalent in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, whether IH serves as an independent risk factor for AAA development remains to be investigated. Here, we determined the effects of chronic (6 mo) IH on angiotensin (Ang II)-induced AAA development in C57BL/6J male mice and investigated the underlying mechanisms of IH in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). IH increased the susceptibility of mice to develop AAA in response to Ang II infusion by facilitating the augmentation of the abdominal aorta's diameter as assessed by transabdominal ultrasound imaging. Importantly, IH with Ang II augmented aortic elastin degradation and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), mainly MMP8, MMP12, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) as measured by histology and immunohistochemistry. Mechanistically, IH increased the activities of MMP2, MMP8, MMP9, MMP12, and ADAM17, while reducing the expression of the MMP regulator reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) in cultured SMCs. Aortic samples from human AAA were associated with decreased RECK and increased expression of ADAM17 and MMPs. These data suggest that IH facilitates AAA development when additional stressors are superimposed and that this occurs in association with an increased presence of aortic MMPs and ADAM17, potentially due to IH-induced modulation of RECK expression. These findings support a plausible synergistic link between OSA and AAA and provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AAA.NEW & NOTEWORTHY IH facilitates Ang II-induced abdominal aortic diameter expansion and AAA development in C57BL/6J male mice. IH upregulates the expression of specific MMPs such as MMP8, MMP12, and ADAM17. IH directly suppresses RECK expression and increases MMPs activity in SMCs. Human AAA tissues exhibit a downregulation of RECK and an upregulation of ADAM17 and MMPs.
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MESH Headings
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Animals
- Male
- Angiotensin II
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia/complications
- Mice
- ADAM17 Protein/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Humans
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 12/metabolism
- Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/metabolism
- Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology
- Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications
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Affiliation(s)
- Neekun Sharma
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | | | - Rogerio N Soares
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Shiyou Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Jaume Padilla
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Division of Cadiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
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Mackay CDA, Meechem MB, Patel VB. Macrophages in vascular disease: Roles of mitochondria and metabolic mechanisms. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 156:107419. [PMID: 39181483 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are a dynamic cell type of the immune system implicated in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases and are a major contributor to pathological inflammation. Excessive macrophage accumulation, activation, and polarization is observed in aortic aneurysm (AA), atherosclerosis, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. In general, macrophages become activated and polarized to a pro-inflammatory phenotype, which dramatically changes cell behavior to become pro-inflammatory and infiltrative. These cell types become cumbersome and fail to be cleared by normal mechanisms such as autophagy. The result is a hyper-inflammatory environment causing the recruitment of adjacent cells and circulating immune cells to further augment the inflammatory response. In AA, this leads to excessive ECM degradation and chemokine secretion, ultimately causing macrophages to dominate the immune cell landscape in the aortic wall. In atherosclerosis, monocytes are recruited to the vascular wall, where they polarize to the pro-inflammatory phenotype and induce inflammatory pathway activation. This leads to the development of foam cells, which significantly contribute to neointima and necrotic core formation in atherosclerotic plaques. Pro-inflammatory macrophages, which affect other vascular diseases, present with fragmented mitochondria and corresponding metabolic dysfunction. Targeting macrophage mitochondrial dynamics has proved to be an exciting potential therapeutic approach to combat vascular disease. This review will summarize mitochondrial and metabolic mechanisms of macrophage activation, polarization, and accumulation in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D A Mackay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan B Meechem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B Patel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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3
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Yuan Z, Shu L, Fu J, Yang P, Wang Y, Sun J, Zheng M, Liu Z, Yang J, Song J, Song S, Cai Z. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Deconstructs the Distribution of Immune Cells Within Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1986-2003. [PMID: 39051127 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.321129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a key component in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), yet insights into the roles of immune cells and their interactions in this process are limited. METHODS Using single-cell RNA transcriptomic analysis, we deconstructed the CD45+ cell population in elastase-induced murine AAA at the single-cell level. We isolated each group of immune cells from murine AAA tissue at different time points and divided them into several subtypes, listed the remarkable differentially expressed genes, explored the developmental trajectories of immune cells, and demonstrated the interactions among them. RESULTS Our findings reveal significant differences in several immune cell subsets, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells, within the AAA microenvironment compared with the normal aorta. Especially, conventional dendritic cell type 1 exclusively existed in the AAA tissue rather than the normal aortas. Via CellChat analysis, we identified several intercellular communication pathways like visfatin, which targets monocyte differentiation and neutrophil extracellular trap-mediated interaction between neutrophils and dendritic cells, which might contribute to AAA development. Some of these pathways were validated in human AAA. CONCLUSIONS Despite the absence of external pathogenic stimuli, AAA tissues develop a complex inflammatory microenvironment involving numerous immune cells. In-depth studies of the inflammatory network shall provide new strategies for patients with AAA.
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MESH Headings
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Animals
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Disease Models, Animal
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/immunology
- Mice
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/immunology
- Male
- Transcriptome
- RNA-Seq
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Pancreatic Elastase
- Cell Communication
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yuan
- Departments of Cardiology (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
| | - Li Shu
- Departments of Cardiology (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
| | - Jiantao Fu
- Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, China (J.F., P.Y., J.Y.)
| | - Peipei Yang
- Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, China (J.F., P.Y., J.Y.)
| | - Yidong Wang
- Departments of Cardiology (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
| | - Jie Sun
- Pathology (J. Sun, M.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengsha Zheng
- Pathology (J. Sun, M.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Vascular Surgery (Z.L.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, China (J.F., P.Y., J.Y.)
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China (J. Song, S.S.)
| | - Shen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China (J. Song, S.S.)
| | - Zhejun Cai
- Departments of Cardiology (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
- Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (Z.Y., L.S., Y.W., Z.C.)
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Klopf J, Zagrapan B, Brandau A, Lechenauer P, Candussi CJ, Rossi P, Celem ND, Ziegler M, Fuchs L, Hayden H, Krenn CG, Eilenberg W, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. Circulating monocyte populations as biomarker for abdominal aortic aneurysms: a single-center retrospective cohort study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1418625. [PMID: 39139559 PMCID: PMC11319298 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1418625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development is driven by inflammation, in particular myeloid cells, which represent attractive biomarker candidates. Yet to date, the maximum aortic diameter is the only clinically applied predictor of AAA progression and indicator for surgical repair. We postulated that aortic inflammation is reflected in a systemic change of monocyte populations, which we investigated regarding marker potential in AAA diagnosis and prognosis. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study in a diagnostic setting, measuring monocyte subsets by flow cytometry in peripheral blood samples of 47 AAA patients under surveillance, matched with 25 healthy controls and 25 patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). In a prognostic setting, we acquired longitudinal data of 60 AAA patients including aneurysm growth assessment by computed tomography at 6-month intervals. Results Blood levels of total monocytes, CD16+ monocytes and particularly intermediate monocytes were significantly increased in AAA patients versus healthy individuals and were also elevated compared to PAD patients. The combination of intermediate monocyte and D-dimer blood levels outperformed the individual diagnostic marker values. Additionally, the elevated concentrations of total monocytes, intermediate monocytes, and monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPA) were suited to predict rapid AAA progression over short-term periods of six months. Of note, MPA were identified as independent predictor of AAA disease progression in multivariable analysis. Conclusion Circulating monocyte subsets are elevated in AAA patients and support diagnosis and prediction of aneurysm progression. Monocyte subsets and D-dimer reflect different hallmarks (inflammation and hemostasis) of AAA pathology and when combined, may serve as improved biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Klopf
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branislav Zagrapan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annika Brandau
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Lechenauer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Catharina J. Candussi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Rossi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nihan Dide Celem
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Ziegler
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Fuchs
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hayden
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claus G. Krenn
- Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Gao X, Luo W, Qu L, Yang M, Chen S, Lei L, Yan S, Liang H, Zhang X, Xiao M, Liao Y, Lee APW, Zhou Z, Chen J, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xiu J. Genetic association of lipid-lowering drugs with aortic aneurysms: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1132-1140. [PMID: 38302118 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The lack of effective pharmacotherapies for aortic aneurysms (AA) is a persistent clinical challenge. Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in AA. However, the impact of lipid-lowering drugs on AA remains controversial. The study aimed to investigate the genetic association between lipid-lowering drugs and AA. METHODS AND RESULTS Our research used publicly available data on genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies. Genetic instruments, specifically eQTLs related to drug-target genes and SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) located near or within the drug-target loci associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), have been served as proxies for lipid-lowering medications. Drug-Target Mendelian Randomization (MR) study is used to determine the causal association between lipid-lowering drugs and different types of AA. The MR analysis revealed that higher expression of HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase) was associated with increased risk of AA (OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.20-2.09, P = 1.20 × 10-03) and larger lumen size (aortic maximum area: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.13-1.46, P = 1.48 × 10-04; aortic minimum area: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.21-1.42, P = 1.78 × 10-04). PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) and CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) show a suggestive relationship with AA (PCSK9: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.10-1.63, P = 3.07 × 10-03; CETP: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.06-1.80, P = 1.47 × 10-02). No evidence to support genetically mediated NPC1L1 (Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1) and LDLR (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor) are associated with AA. CONCLUSION This study provides causal evidence for the genetic association between lipid-lowering drugs and AA. Higher gene expression of HMGCR, PCSK9, and CETP increases AA risk. Furthermore, HMGCR inhibitors may link with smaller aortic lumen size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Liyuan Qu
- Department of Endocrinology, Boluo County People's Hospital, No. 1 Kangbo West Road, Luoyang Street, Boluo County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 1017 Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Hongbin Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Xinlu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Alex Pui-Wai Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital and Laboratory of Cardiac Imaging and 3D Printing, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhongjiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Jiejian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 1 Panfu Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiuxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Yuegang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
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Zhao W, Li B, Hao J, Sun R, He P, Lv H, He M, Shen J, Han Y. Therapeutic potential of natural products and underlying targets for the treatment of aortic aneurysm. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 259:108652. [PMID: 38657777 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a vascular disease characterized by irreversible vasodilatation that can lead to dissection and rupture of the aortic aneurysm, a life-threatening condition. Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are two main types. The typical treatments for aortic aneurysms are open surgery and endovascular aortic repair, which are only indicated for more severe patients. Most patients with aneurysms have an insidious onset and slow progression, and there are no effective drugs to treat this stage. The inability of current animal models to perfectly simulate all the pathophysiological states of human aneurysms may be the key to this issue. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of this disease, finding new therapeutic targets, and developing effective drugs to inhibit the development of aneurysms are the main issues of current research. Natural products have been applied for thousands of years to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China and other Asian countries. In recent years, natural products have combined multi-omics, computational biology, and integrated pharmacology to accurately analyze drug components and targets. Therefore, the multi-component and multi-target complexity of natural products have made them a potentially ideal treatment for multifactorial diseases such as aortic aneurysms. Natural products have regained popularity worldwide. This review provides an overview of the known natural products for the treatment of TAA and AAA and searches for potential cardiovascular-targeted natural products that may treat TAA and AAA based on various cellular molecular mechanisms associated with aneurysm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bufan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinjun Hao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruochen Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongyu Lv
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mou He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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7
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Ruan W, Zhou X, Wang T, Liu H, Zhang G, Sun J, Lin K. Assessing the causal relationship between circulating immune cells and abdominal aortic aneurysm by bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13733. [PMID: 38877212 PMCID: PMC11178833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Although there is an association between abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and circulating immune cell phenotypes, the exact causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes and AAA risk using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization approach. Data from genome-wide association studies pertaining to 731 immune cell traits and AAA were systematically analyzed. Using strict selection criteria, we identified 339 immune traits that are associated with at least 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms. A comprehensive MR analysis was conducted using several methods including Inverse Variance Weighted, Weighted Median Estimator, MR-Egger regression, Weighted Mode, and Simple Median methods. CD24 on switched memory cells (OR = 0.922, 95% CI 0.914-0.929, P = 2.62e-79) at the median fluorescence intensities level, and SSC-A on HLA-DR + natural killer cells (OR = 0.873, 95% CI 0.861-0.885, P = 8.96e-81) at the morphological parameter level, exhibited the strongest causal associations with AAA. In the reverse analysis, no significant causal effects of AAA on immune traits were found. The study elucidates the causal involvement of multiple circulating immune cell phenotypes in AAA development, signifying their potential as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets. These identified immune traits may be crucial in modulating AAA-related inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiying Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaoyan Sun
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Qian X, Zheng Y, Xu L, Liu Z, Chen M, Tong F, Fan P, Chen Z, Dong N, Zhang C, Liu J. Deciphering the role of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 in aortic aneurysm pathogenesis: insights from Mendelian randomization and transcriptomic analyses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383607. [PMID: 38715600 PMCID: PMC11074460 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The crucial role of inflammation in aortic aneurysm (AA) is gaining prominence, while there is still a lack of key cytokines or targets for effective clinical translation. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to identify the causal relationship between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and AA and between 731 immune traits and AA. Bulk RNA sequencing data was utilized to demonstrate the expression profile of the paired ligand-receptor. Gene enrichment analysis, Immune infiltration, and correlation analysis were employed to deduce the potential role of CX3CR1. We used single-cell RNA sequencing data to pinpoint the localization of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1, which was further validated by multiplex immunofluorescence staining. Cellchat analysis was utilized to infer the CX3C signaling pathway. Trajectory analysis and the Cytosig database were exploited to determine the downstream effect of CX3CL1-CX3CR1. Results We identified 4 candidates (FGF5, CX3CL1, IL20RA, and SCF) in multiple two-sample MR analyses. Subsequent analysis of the expression profile of the paired receptor revealed the significant upregulation of CX3CR1 in AA and its positive correlation with pro-inflammatory macrophages. Two sample MR between immune cell traits and AA demonstrated the potential causality between intermediate monocytes and AA. We finally deciphered in single-cell sequencing data that CX3CL1 sent by endothelial cells (ECs) acted on CX3CR1 of intermediated monocytes, leading to its recruitment and pro-inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our study presented a genetic insight into the pathogenetic role of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 in AA, and further deciphered the CX3C signaling pathway between ECs and intermediate monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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9
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Liu XW, Wang P, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Zhai JY, Wang CN, Li J, Xiao J. Single-cell RNA sequencing and ATAC sequencing identify novel biomarkers for bicuspid aortic valve-associated thoracic aortic aneurysm. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1265378. [PMID: 38685981 PMCID: PMC11057375 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1265378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most prevalent congenital cardiovascular defect and known to cause thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). To improve our understanding of BAV pathogenesis, we characterized the cellular composition of BAV tissues and identified molecular changes in each cell population. Methods Tissue samples from two patients with BAV and two heart transplant donors were analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis for differential gene analysis. TAA-related changes were evaluated by comparing the proportion of each cell type and gene expression profiles between TAA and control tissues. Further, by combining our single-cell RNA sequencing data with publicly available data from genome-wide association studies, we determined critical genes for BAV. Results We found 20 cell subpopulations in TAA tissues, including multiple subtypes of smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and T lymphocytes. This result suggested that these cells play multiple functional roles in BAV development. Several differentially expressed genes, including CD9, FHL1y, HSP90AA1, GAS6, PALLD, and ACTA2, were identified. Discussion We believe that this comprehensive assessment of the cellular composition of TAA tissues and the insights into altered gene expression patterns can facilitate identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BAV-associated TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Wen Liu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Yu Zhai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Nan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Li M, Jin M, Yang H. Remodelers of the vascular microenvironment: The effect of biopolymeric hydrogels on vascular diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130764. [PMID: 38462100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Vascular disease is the leading health problem worldwide. Vascular microenvironment encompasses diverse cell types, including those within the vascular wall, blood cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. Initiation of the inflammatory state of the vascular microenvironment and changes in its mechanics can profoundly affect vascular homeostasis. Biomedical materials play a crucial role in modern medicine, hydrogels, characterized by their high-water content, have been increasingly utilized as a three-dimensional interaction network. In recent times, the remarkable progress in utilizing hydrogels and understanding vascular microenvironment have enabled the treatment of vascular diseases. In this review, we give an emphasis on the utilization of hydrogels and their advantages in the various vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, vascular ulcers of the lower limbs and myocardial infarction. Further, we highlight the importance and advantages of hydrogels as artificial microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Li
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
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11
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Zhou X, Ruan W, Wang T, Liu H, Du L, Huang J. Exploring the impact of gut microbiota on abdominal aortic aneurysm risk through a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. J Vasc Surg 2024; 79:763-775.e2. [PMID: 38042512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2023.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota; however, the precise causal relationship remains unclear. Elucidating this complex interplay could provide new insights into the pathogenesis of AAA. METHODS A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study summary data on the gut microbiota (n = 18,340) and AAA (n = 353,087). A total of 196 gut microbial taxa across taxonomic levels were examined for their potential causal effects on AAA risk. Conversely, the effect of AAA on these microbial taxa was also analyzed. RESULTS Nine microbial taxa were identified as having a causal influence on AAA risk. Specifically, increased risk were associated with genus Bilophila (odds ratio [OR], 1.359; P = .0119), genus Catenibacterium (OR, 1.348; P = .0058), genus family XIII AD3011 group (OR, 1.507; P = .004), genus Oxalobacter (OR, 1.157; P = .0449), and genus Prevotella 7 (OR, 1.194; P = .0306), whereas decreased risks were linked to class Lentisphaeria (OR, 0.829; P = .0361), order Victivallales (OR, 0.829; P = .0361), family Victivallaceae (OR, 0.814; P = .0057), and genus Anaerotruncus (OR, 0.773; P = .0497). Furthermore, AAA was found to influence the abundance of 14 microbial taxa across various taxonomic levels. Notably, bidirectional associations were observed with the class Lentisphaeria and the order Victivallales. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence for a reciprocal causal relationship between gut microbiota and AAA risk, thereby offering new insights into the pathogenesis of AAA. These findings also suggest promising avenues for microbiome-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Liang Du
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center, West China School of Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jin Huang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center, West China School of Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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12
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Raíces Francisco N, Suárez Gil R, Ayuso García B, Romay Lema E, Rivas Domínguez OM, Rodríguez Ameijeiras E, Besteiro Balado Y, Pérez López A, Rabuñal Rey R. BCGitis with aortoiliac aneurysm involvement: Report of two cases and review of the literature. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2024; 42:152-157. [PMID: 37487765 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BCGitis is a rare complication after intravesical administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for high-grade superficial bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ. May cause vascular involvement. We present 2 cases and a review of the literature of the case reports pubished on the 10 years prior to April of 2022, when this proyect was finished, which described a case of aortoiliac mycotic aneurysm after receiving this treatment. Of the 51 cases included (49 revised and 2 original), 100% were men, 82% were older than 65 years. The median latency period was 15 months (IQR 18). The most frequent location was the abdominal aorta, rupture occurred in 45,1% of patients. The most frequent symptom was abdominal or lumbar pain (61%), followed by general syndrome (49%). In 39,2% cases, it was associated with retroperitoneal abscesess. Attributable mortality was 13,6%. BCGitis should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients who have received BCG therapy and present vascular involvement, even years after being treated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roi Suárez Gil
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Blanca Ayuso García
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Eva Romay Lema
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Antía Pérez López
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ramón Rabuñal Rey
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain; Grupo de Estudio en Infecciones por Micobacterias. Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (GEIM-SEIMC)
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13
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Elbialy A, Kitauchi M, Yamanouchi D. Antioxidants and azd0156 Rescue Inflammatory Response in Autophagy-Impaired Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:169. [PMID: 38203340 PMCID: PMC10779076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation system that eliminates and recycles damaged intracellular organelles and proteins. Inflammatory macrophages play a critical role in the development of various age-related inflammatory illnesses such as abdominal aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis; therefore, identifying the mechanisms that cause macrophage inflammation is crucial for a better understanding of and developing therapeutics for inflammatory diseases. Previous research has linked autophagy to macrophage inflammation; Atg16L1-deficient macrophages increase IL-1 and IL-18 production via inflammasome activation. In this study, however, we show an alternative pathway of macrophage inflammation in an autophagy-deficient environment. We found that inhibiting autophagy in THP1 macrophages progressively increased the expression of p65-mediated inflammatory genes. This effect was reversed by treatment with antioxidants or azd0156, an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) inhibitor. In addition, our results showed that M1 macrophages inhibit autophagy and induce DNA damage, whereas M2 macrophages activate autophagy and reduce DNA damage. Importantly, the chemical activation of autophagy or ATM inhibition during M1 polarization reduced the M1 phenotype and inflammation, whereas inhibiting autophagy during M2 polarization also reduced the M2 phenotype. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of the autophagy-ATM pathway in driving macrophage inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dai Yamanouchi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5151, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (A.E.); (M.K.)
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14
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Yao D, Mei S, Tang W, Xu X, Lu Q, Shi Z. AAAKB: A manually curated database for tracking and predicting genes of Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289966. [PMID: 38100461 PMCID: PMC10723669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), an extremely dangerous vascular disease with high mortality, causes massive internal bleeding due to aneurysm rupture. To boost the research on AAA, efforts should be taken to organize and link the information about AAA-related genes and their functions. Currently, most researchers screen through genetic databases manually, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Here, we developed "AAAKB" a manually curated knowledgebase containing genes, SNPs and pathways associated with AAA. In order to facilitate researchers to further explore the mechanism network of AAA, AAAKB provides predicted genes that are potentially associated with AAA. The prediction is based on the protein interaction information of genes collected in the database, and the random forest algorithm (RF) is used to build the prediction model. Some of these predicted genes are differentially expressed in patients with AAA, and some have been reported to play a role in other cardiovascular diseases, illustrating the utility of the knowledgebase in predicting novel genes. Also, AAAKB integrates a protein interaction visualization tool to quickly determine the shortest paths between target proteins. As the first knowledgebase to provide a comprehensive catalog of AAA-related genes, AAAKB will be an ideal research platform for AAA. Database URL: http://www.lqlgroup.cn:3838/AAAKB/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yao
- Institute of Industrial Internet and Internet of Things, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT), China
| | - Shuyuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangyang Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyu Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiulun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Loste A, Clément M, Delbosc S, Guedj K, Sénémaud J, Gaston AT, Morvan M, Even G, Gautier G, Eggel A, Arock M, Procopio E, Deschildre C, Louedec L, Michel JB, Deschamps L, Castier Y, Coscas R, Alsac JM, Launay P, Caligiuri G, Nicoletti A, Le Borgne M. Involvement of an IgE/Mast cell/B cell amplification loop in abdominal aortic aneurysm progression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295408. [PMID: 38055674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS IgE type immunoglobulins and their specific effector cells, mast cells (MCs), are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression. In parallel, immunoglobulin-producing B cells, organised in tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) within the aortic wall, have also been linked to aneurysmal progression. We aimed at investigating the potential role and mechanism linking local MCs, TLO B cells, and IgE production in aneurysmal progression. METHODS AND RESULTS Through histological assays conducted on human surgical samples from AAA patients, we uncovered that activated MCs were enriched at sites of unhealed haematomas, due to subclinical aortic wall fissuring, in close proximity to adventitial IgE+ TLO B cells. Remarkably, in vitro the IgEs deriving from these samples enhanced MC production of IL-4, a cytokine which favors IgE class-switching and production by B cells. Finally, the role of MCs in aneurysmal progression was further analysed in vivo in ApoE-/- mice subjected to angiotensin II infusion aneurysm model, through MC-specific depletion after the establishment of dissecting aneurysms. MC-specific depletion improved intramural haematoma healing and reduced aneurysmal progression. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MC located close to aortic wall fissures are activated by adventitial TLO B cell-produced IgEs and participate to their own activation by providing support for further IgE synthesis through IL-4 production. By preventing prompt repair of aortic subclinical fissures, such a runaway MC activation loop could precipitate aneurysmal progression, suggesting that MC-targeting treatments may represent an interesting adjunctive therapy for reducing AAA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Loste
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Marc Clément
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Delbosc
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Guedj
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Jean Sénémaud
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
- Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anh-Thu Gaston
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Marion Morvan
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Even
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Grégory Gautier
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexander Eggel
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michel Arock
- Department of Biology and CNRS UMR8113, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Emanuele Procopio
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Deschildre
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Liliane Louedec
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Michel
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Lydia Deschamps
- Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yves Castier
- INSERM UMRS 1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Coscas
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- Department of Vascular Surgery, AP-HP, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Marc Alsac
- Department of Vascular Surgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
- Department of Cardiology, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Marie Le Borgne
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France
- DHU FIRE, Paris, France
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16
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Song W, Tu G, Qin L, Wei L, Chen J. Macrophage in Sporadic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: Potential Therapeutic and Preventing Target. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:340. [PMID: 39077089 PMCID: PMC11272886 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2412340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disorder lacking effective clinical pharmacological therapies. The underlying molecular mechanisms of TAAD still remain elusive with participation of versatile cell types and components including endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, immune cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The main pathological features of TAAD include SMC dysfunction, phenotypic switching, and ECM degradation, which is closely associated with inflammation and immune cell infiltration. Among various types of immune cells, macrophages are a distinct participator in the formation and progression of TAAD. In this review, we first highlight the important role of inflammation and immune cell infiltration in TAAD. Furthermore, we discuss the role of macrophages in TAAD from the aspects of macrophage origination, classification, and functions. On the basis of experimental and clinical studies, we summarize key regulators of macrophages in TAAD. Finally, we review how targeting macrophages can reduce TAAD in murine models. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of TAAD may provide novel insights into preventing and treating the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Guowei Tu
- Cardiac Intensive Care Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Lieyang Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
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17
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Lin W, Luo S, Li W, Liu J, Zhou T, Yang F, Zhou D, Liu Y, Huang W, Feng Y, Luo J. Association between the non-HDL-cholesterol to HDL- cholesterol ratio and abdominal aortic aneurysm from a Chinese screening program. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 37932803 PMCID: PMC10626699 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) can result in high mortality upon rupture but are usually undiagnosed because of the absence of symptoms in the early stage. Ultrasound screening is regarded as an impactful way to prevent the AAA-related death but cannot be performed efficiently; therefore, a target population, especially in Asia, for this procedure is lacking. Additionally, although dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis are associated with AAA. However, it remains undetermined whether the non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (NHHR) is associated with AAA. Therefore, this study was aimed at examining whether NHHR is associated with AAA. METHOD A total of 9559 participants who underwent AAA screening at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and through screening in two communities in Dongguan, from June 2019 to June 2021 joined in this screening program. The diagnosis of AAA was confirmed by the ultrasound examination of the abdominal aorta rather than any known or suspected AAA. Clinical and laboratory data of participants were collected. The participants were separated into a normal group and an AAA group according to the abdominal aortic status. To eliminate confounding factors, a propensity score matching (PSM) approach was utilized. The independent relationship between NHHR and AAA was assessed through the utilization of multivariable logistic regression analysis. In addition, internal consistency was evaluated through subgroup analysis, which controlled for significant risk factors. RESULTS Of all the participants, 219 (2.29%) participants were diagnosed with AAA. A significant elevation in NHHR was identified in the AAA group when contrasted with that in the normal group (P < 0.001). As demonstrated by the results of the multivariable logistic regression analysis, AAA was independently associated with NHHR before (odds ratio [OR], 1.440, P < 0.001) and after PSM (OR, 1.515, P < 0.001). Significant extension was observed in the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of NHHR compared to those of single lipid parameters before and after PSM. An accordant association between NHHR and AAA in different subgroups was demonstrated by subgroup analysis. CONCLUSION In the Chinese population, there is an independent association between NHHR and AAA. NHHR might be propitious to distinguish individuals with high risk of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Lin
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songyuan Luo
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Zhuhai Hospital (Zhuhai Golden Bay Center Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jitao Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianfang Luo
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Liu H, Sun M, Wu N, Liu B, Liu Q, Fan X. TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and VEGF: Their mechanisms and roles in vascular remodeling related diseases. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1060. [PMID: 38018603 PMCID: PMC10629241 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is a basic pathological process in various diseases characterized by abnormal changes in the morphology, structure, and function of vascular cells, such as migration, proliferation, hypertrophy, and apoptosis. Various growth factors and pathways are involved in the process of vascular remodeling. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, which is mainly mediated by TGF-β1, is an important factor in vascular wall enhancement during vascular development and regulates the vascular response to injury by promoting the accumulation of intimal tissue. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has an important effect on initiating the formation of blood vessels. The Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway also plays an important role in angiogenesis. In addition, studies have shown that there is a certain interaction between the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and VEGF. Many studies have shown that in the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, aneurysm, vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia, pulmonary hypertension, restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, and other diseases, various inflammatory reactions lead to changes in vascular structure and vascular microenvironment, which leads to vascular remodeling. The occurrence of vascular remodeling changes the morphology of blood vessels and thus changes the hemodynamics, which is the cause of further development of the disease process. Vascular remodeling can cause vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction and vascular homeostasis regulation. This review aims to explore the mechanisms of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and vascular endothelial growth factor in vascular remodeling and related diseases. This paper is expected to provide new ideas for research on the occurrence and development of related diseases and provide a new direction for research on the treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of NeurologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Mingyue Sun
- Department of NeurologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of NeurologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric DisordersBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Qingxin Liu
- Department of NeurologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Xueli Fan
- Department of NeurologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
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19
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Kamiar A, Alitter Q, Capcha JMC, Saad A, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. Ascending aortic aneurysm and histopathology in Alport syndrome: a case report. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:300. [PMID: 37828432 PMCID: PMC10568822 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alport syndrome (AS) is caused by mutations in type IV collagen genes that typically target and compromise the integrity of basement membranes in kidney, ocular, and sensorineural cochlear tissues. Type IV and V collagens are also integral components of arterial walls, and whereas collagenopathies including AS are implicated in aortic disease, the incidence of aortic aneurysm in AS is unknown probably because of underreporting. Consequently, AS is not presently considered an independent risk factor for aortic aneurysm and more detailed case studies including histological evidence of basement membrane abnormalities are needed to determine such a possible linkage. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we present unique histopathological findings of an ascending aortic aneurysm collected at the time of surgery from an AS patient wherein hypertension was the only other known risk factor. CONCLUSIONS The studies reveal classical histological features of aortic aneurysm, including atheroma, lymphocytic infiltration, elastin disruption, and myxoid degeneration with probable AS association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kamiar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fl, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Qusai Alitter
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jose M C Capcha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fl, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ali Saad
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Keith A Webster
- Integene International Holdings, LLC, Miami, FL, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Everglades BioPharma, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fl, United States.
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
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20
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Barrera-Naranjo A, Marin-Castrillon DM, Decourselle T, Lin S, Leclerc S, Morgant MC, Bernard C, De Oliveira S, Boucher A, Presles B, Bouchot O, Christophe JJ, Lalande A. Segmentation of 4D Flow MRI: Comparison between 3D Deep Learning and Velocity-Based Level Sets. J Imaging 2023; 9:123. [PMID: 37367471 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9060123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A thoracic aortic aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of the aorta that can progress and lead to rupture. The decision to conduct surgery is made by considering the maximum diameter, but it is now well known that this metric alone is not completely reliable. The advent of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging has allowed for the calculation of new biomarkers for the study of aortic diseases, such as wall shear stress. However, the calculation of these biomarkers requires the precise segmentation of the aorta during all phases of the cardiac cycle. The objective of this work was to compare two different methods for automatically segmenting the thoracic aorta in the systolic phase using 4D flow MRI. The first method is based on a level set framework and uses the velocity field in addition to 3D phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging. The second method is a U-Net-like approach that is only applied to magnitude images from 4D flow MRI. The used dataset was composed of 36 exams from different patients, with ground truth data for the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle. The comparison was performed based on selected metrics, such as the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorf distance (HD), for the whole aorta and also three aortic regions. Wall shear stress was also assessed and the maximum wall shear stress values were used for comparison. The U-Net-based approach provided statistically better results for the 3D segmentation of the aorta, with a DSC of 0.92 ± 0.02 vs. 0.86 ± 0.5 and an HD of 21.49 ± 24.8 mm vs. 35.79 ± 31.33 mm for the whole aorta. The absolute difference between the wall shear stress and ground truth slightly favored the level set method, but not significantly (0.754 ± 1.07 Pa vs. 0.737 ± 0.79 Pa). The results showed that the deep learning-based method should be considered for the segmentation of all time steps in order to evaluate biomarkers based on 4D flow MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Siyu Lin
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Sarah Leclerc
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Catherine Morgant
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
- Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Chloé Bernard
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
- Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, 21078 Dijon, France
| | | | - Arnaud Boucher
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Benoit Presles
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Bouchot
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
- Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, 21078 Dijon, France
| | | | - Alain Lalande
- IFTIM, ICMUB Laboratory, University of Burgundy, 21078 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Dijon, 21078 Dijon, France
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21
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Li C, Liu Z, Yuan G, Liu Y, Wang W. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and PET/CT: From Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Molecular Imaging Targets. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:132. [PMID: 39076752 PMCID: PMC11273052 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2405132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the most common and critical aortic disease. Bleeding is the most serious complication from a ruptured AAA, which often results in death. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are the only effective means to reduce AAA associated mortality. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) combines functional and anatomical imaging. The expanded application of PET/CT in the medical field could have benefits for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AAA. This review explores the efficiency of PET/CT in the diagnosis of AAA based on our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of AAA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine of Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, 999078 Taipa, Macau
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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22
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Yamanouchi D. Unpacking the Complexities of a Silent Killer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087125. [PMID: 37108288 PMCID: PMC10139038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening condition that affects millions of people worldwide [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Yamanouchi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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23
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Li R, Zhang C, Du X, Chen S. Genetic Association between the Levels of Plasma Lipids and the Risk of Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051991. [PMID: 36902778 PMCID: PMC10004011 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a growing number of studies have attempted to uncover the relationship between plasma lipids and the risk of aortic aneurysm (AA), it remains controversial. Meanwhile, the relationship between plasma lipids and the risk of aortic dissection (AD) has not been reported on. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the potential relationship between genetically predicted plasma levels of lipids and the risk of AA and AD. Summary data on the relationship between genetic variants and plasma lipids were obtained from the UK Biobank and Global Lipids Genetics Consortium studies, and data on the association between genetic variants and AA or AD were taken from the FinnGen consortium study. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and four other MR analysis methods were used to evaluate effect estimates. Results showed that genetically predicted plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, or triglycerides were positively correlated with the risk of AA, and plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were negatively correlated with the risk of AA. However, no causal relationship was found between elevated lipid levels and the risk of AD. Our study revealed a causal relationship between plasma lipids and the risk of AA, while plasma lipids had no effect on the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinling Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Shi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (S.C.)
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24
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Zhang J, Jiang JZ, Xu J, Xu CY, Mao S, Shi Y, Gu W, Zou CF, Zhao YM, Ye L. Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Promoted by Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Ann Vasc Surg 2023; 92:285-293. [PMID: 36739079 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to find new biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). METHODS The AAA mice model was created using Ang II. The mice were divided into normoxic and CIH groups. The structure of AAA was observed using abdominal ultrasonography, Elastica van Gieson (EVG), and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The expression of ɑ-SMA was investigated using immunohistochemistry. The novel biomarkers were screened using bioinformatics analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to verify the expression of novel genes in both normal oxygen and CIH. RESULTS CIH appears to cause greater aortic dilation, higher AAA incidence, lower survival rate, thicker vessel wall, and more brittle elastic lamellae when compared to controls. The immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression of ɑ-SMA in the CIH group was reduced significantly. Four novel genes, including Homer2, Robo2, Ehf, and Asic1, were found to be differentially expressed between normal oxygen and CIH using qRT-PCR, indicating the same trend as bioinformatics analysis. CONCLUSIONS We discovered that CIH could hasten the occurrence and progression of AAA. Four genes (Homer2, Robo2, Ehf, and Asic1) may be novel biomarkers for AAA, which could aid in the search for new therapies for patients with AAA caused by CIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Xu
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Mao
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Fang Zou
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue-Ming Zhao
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Liang Ye
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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25
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Bioinformatics-based identification of lipid- and immune-related biomarkers in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13622. [PMID: 36879746 PMCID: PMC9984436 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) manifest as a natural inflammatory process with permanent dilation and terminal rupture. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of AAA remains a mystery, and treatment is still controversial. Lipid metabolism and immune system are involved in AAA progression, which has been well documented. However, lipid- and immune-related (LIR) biomarkers need to be further elucidated. Methods The AAA-related datasets were retrieved from the GEO database, and the datasets were analyzed for differential gene expression by NetworkAnalyst. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed mRNA (DE-mRNA) was performed using Metscape, and LIR DE-mRNA was further screened. AAA rat model was constructed using porcine pancreatic elastase to verify the differential expression of LIR DE-mRNA. Results The GSE47472 and GSE57691 datasets respectively identified 614 (containing 381 down-regulated and 233 up-regulated DE-mRNAs) and 384 (containing 218 down-regulated and 164 up-regulated DE-mRNAs) DE-mRNAs. Intersection and union of DE-mRNAs were 13 and 983, respectively. The main terms involved in the union of DE-mRNAs included "immune system process", "metabolic process", "Chemokine signaling pathway", "hematopoietic cell lineage" and "Cholesterol metabolism". In vivo experiments revealed that LIR DE-mRNAs of PDIA3, TYROBP, and HSPA1A were significantly low expression in AAA abdominal aortic tissues, and HCK and SERPINE1 were significantly high expression, which is consistent with the bioinformatics analysis. Conclusions PDIA3, TYROBP, HSPA1A, HCK and SERPINE1 may serve as LIR biomarkers of AAA, which provides new insights and theoretical guidance for the future treatment, early prevention and progression of AAA.
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26
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Increased DNA Damage in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA-SMC). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6237960. [PMID: 36743698 PMCID: PMC9891816 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6237960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for enhanced oxidative stress in the vascular wall of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are hypothesized to be actors in altered production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. However, the role of mitochondria and oxidative stress in vascular remodelling and progression of AAA remains uncertain. We here addressed whether mitochondrial dysfunction is persistently increased in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from AAA compared to healthy VSMC. AAA-derived VSMC cultures (AAA-SMC, n = 10) and normal VSMC cultures derived from healthy donors (n = 7) were grown in vitro and analysed for four parameters, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction: (i) mitochondrial content and morphology, (ii) ROS production and antioxidative response, (iii) NADP+/NADPH content and ratio, and (iv) DNA damage, in the presence or absence of angiotensin II (AngII). AAA-SMC displayed increased mitochondrial circularity (rounded shape), reduced mitochondrial area, and reduced perimeter, indicating increased fragmentation and dysfunction compared to healthy controls. This was accompanied by significantly increased O2 - production, reduced NADP+/NADPH levels, a lower antioxidative response (indicated by antioxidative response element- (ARE-) driven luciferase reporter assays), more DNA damage (determined by percentage of γ-H2A.X-positive nuclei), and earlier growth arrest in AAA-SMC. Our data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are persistently increased in AAA-SMC, emphasizing their implication in the pathophysiology of AAA.
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27
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Dong CX, Malecki C, Robertson E, Hambly B, Jeremy R. Molecular Mechanisms in Genetic Aortopathy-Signaling Pathways and Potential Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021795. [PMID: 36675309 PMCID: PMC9865322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic disease affects people of all ages and the majority of those aged <60 years have an underlying genetic cause. There is presently no effective medical therapy for thoracic aneurysm and surgery remains the principal intervention. Unlike abdominal aortic aneurysm, for which the inflammatory/atherosclerotic pathogenesis is well established, the mechanism of thoracic aneurysm is less understood. This paper examines the key cell signaling systems responsible for the growth and development of the aorta, homeostasis of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and interactions between pathways. The evidence supporting a role for individual signaling pathways in pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm is examined and potential novel therapeutic approaches are reviewed. Several key signaling pathways, notably TGF-β, WNT, NOTCH, PI3K/AKT and ANGII contribute to growth, proliferation, cell phenotype and survival for both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. There is crosstalk between pathways, and between vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, with both synergistic and antagonistic interactions. A common feature of the activation of each is response to injury or abnormal cell stress. Considerable experimental evidence supports a contribution of each of these pathways to aneurysm formation. Although human information is less, there is sufficient data to implicate each pathway in the pathogenesis of human thoracic aneurysm. As some pathways i.e., WNT and NOTCH, play key roles in tissue growth and organogenesis in early life, it is possible that dysregulation of these pathways results in an abnormal aortic architecture even in infancy, thereby setting the stage for aneurysm development in later life. Given the fine tuning of these signaling systems, functional polymorphisms in key signaling elements may set up a future risk of thoracic aneurysm. Multiple novel therapeutic agents have been developed, targeting cell signaling pathways, predominantly in cancer medicine. Future investigations addressing cell specific targeting, reduced toxicity and also less intense treatment effects may hold promise for effective new medical treatments of thoracic aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Xue Dong
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Cassandra Malecki
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Baird Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Robertson
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Brett Hambly
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richmond Jeremy
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Baird Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2042, Australia
- Correspondence:
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28
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Bararu Bojan (Bararu) I, Pleșoianu CE, Badulescu OV, Vladeanu MC, Badescu MC, Iliescu D, Bojan A, Ciocoiu M. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Involved in Aortic Wall Aneurysm Development. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020253. [PMID: 36673063 PMCID: PMC9858209 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms represent a very common pathology that can affect any segment of the aorta. These types of aneurysms can be localized on the thoracic segment or on the abdominal portion, with the latter being more frequent. Though there are similarities between thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms, these pathologies are distinct entities. In this article, we undertook a review regarding the different mechanisms that can lead to the development of aortic aneurysm, and we tried to identify the different manners of treatment. For a long time, aortic wall aneurysms may evolve in an asymptomatic manner, but this progressive dilatation of the aneurysm can lead to a potentially fatal complication consisting in aortic rupture. Because there are limited therapies that may delay or prevent the development of acute aortic syndromes, surgical management remains the most common manner of treatment. Even though, surgical management has improved much in the last years, thus becoming less invasive and sophisticated, the morbi-mortality linked to these therapies remains increased. The identification of the cellular and molecular networks triggering the formation of aneurysm would permit the discovery of modern therapeutic targets. Molecular and cellular mechanisms are gaining a bigger importance in the complex pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms. Future studies must be developed to compare the findings seen in human tissue and animal models of aortic aneurysm, so that clinically relevant conclusions about the aortic aneurysm formation and the pharmacological possibility of pathogenic pathways blockage can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Bararu Bojan (Bararu)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Morpho-Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Unirii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Pleșoianu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, ‘Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu’ Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 700503 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.E.P.); (O.V.B.); (M.C.V.)
| | - Oana Viola Badulescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Morpho-Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Unirii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.E.P.); (O.V.B.); (M.C.V.)
| | - Maria Cristina Vladeanu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Morpho-Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Unirii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.E.P.); (O.V.B.); (M.C.V.)
| | - Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Dan Iliescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Andrei Bojan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Morpho-Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Unirii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
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Identification of Novel Plasma Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Protein Array Analysis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121853. [PMID: 36551281 PMCID: PMC9775419 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening disease that is common in the aging population. Currently, there are no approved diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic drugs for AAA. We aimed to identify novel plasma biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for AAA using a high-throughput protein array-based method. Proteomics expression profiles were investigated in plasma from AAA patients and healthy controls (HC) using 440-cytokine protein array analysis. Several promising biomarkers were further validated in independent cohorts using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thirty-nine differentially expressed plasma proteins were identified between AAA and HC. Legumain (LGMN) was significantly higher in AAA patients and was validated in another large cohort. Additionally, "AAA without diabetes" (AAN) patients and "AAA complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus" (AAM) patients had different cytokine expression patterns in their plasma, and nine plasma proteins were differentially expressed among the AAN, AAM, and HC subjects. Delta-like protein 1 (DLL1), receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (ERBB3), and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPPIV) were significantly higher in AAM than in AAN. This study identified several promising plasma biomarkers of AAA. Their role as therapeutic targets for AAA warrants further investigation.
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Jadli AS, Ballasy NN, Gomes KP, Mackay CDA, Meechem M, Wijesuriya TM, Belke D, Thompson J, Fedak PWM, Patel VB. Attenuation of Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching by Angiotensin 1-7 Protects against Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415566. [PMID: 36555207 PMCID: PMC9779869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) involves extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of the aortic wall, leading to reduced biomechanical support with risk of aortic dissection and rupture. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system, and resultant angiotensin (Ang) II synthesis, is critically involved in the onset and progression of TAA. The current study investigated the effects of angiotensin (Ang) 1-7 on a murine model of TAA. Male 8-10-week-old ApoEKO mice were infused with Ang II (1.44 mg/kg/day) and treated with Ang 1-7 (0.576 mg/kg/day). ApoEKO mice developed advanced TAA in response to four weeks of Ang II infusion. Echocardiographic and histological analyses demonstrated increased aortic dilatation, excessive structural remodelling, perivascular fibrosis, and inflammation in the thoracic aorta. Ang 1-7 infusion led to attenuation of pathological phenotypic alterations associated with Ang II-induced TAA. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from adult murine thoracic aorta exhibited excessive mitochondrial fission, oxidative stress, and hyperproliferation in response to Ang II. Treatment with Ang 1-7 resulted in inhibition of mitochondrial fragmentation, ROS generation, and hyperproliferation. Gene expression profiling used for characterization of the contractile and synthetic phenotypes of thoracic aortic SMCs revealed preservation of the contractile phenotype with Ang 1-7 treatment. In conclusion, Ang 1-7 prevented Ang II-induced vascular remodeling and the development of TAA. Enhancing Ang 1-7 actions may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent or delay the progression of TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul S. Jadli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Noura N. Ballasy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Karina P. Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Cameron D. A. Mackay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Megan Meechem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Tishani Methsala Wijesuriya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Darrell Belke
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B. Patel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-(403)-220-3446
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Katz AE, Yang ML, Levin MG, Tcheandjieu C, Mathis M, Hunker K, Blackburn S, Eliason JL, Coleman DM, Fendrikova-Mahlay N, Gornik HL, Karmakar M, Hill H, Xu C, Zawistowski M, Brummett CM, Zoellner S, Zhou X, O'Donnell CJ, Douglas JA, Assimes TL, Tsao PS, Li JZ, Damrauer SM, Stanley JC, Ganesh SK. Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Are Dimorphic Sex-Specific Diseases With Shared Complex Genetic Architecture. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2022; 15:e003496. [PMID: 36374587 PMCID: PMC9772208 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.121.003496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of arterial diseases may be elevated among family members of individuals having multifocal fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). We sought to investigate the risk of arterial diseases in families of individuals with FMD. METHODS Family histories for 73 probands with FMD were obtained, which included an analysis of 463 total first-degree relatives focusing on FMD and related arterial disorders. A polygenic risk score for FMD (PRSFMD) was constructed from prior genome-wide association findings of 584 FMD cases and 7139 controls and evaluated for association with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a cohort of 9693 AAA cases and 294 049 controls. A previously published PRSAAA was also assessed among the FMD cases and controls. RESULTS Of all first degree relatives of probands, 9.3% were diagnosed with FMD, aneurysms, and dissections. Aneurysmal disease occurred in 60.5% of affected relatives and 5.6% of all relatives. Among 227 female first-degree relatives of probands, 4.8% (11) had FMD, representing a relative risk (RR)FMD of 1.5 ([95% CI, 0.75-2.8]; P=0.19) compared with the estimated population prevalence of 3.3%, though not of statistical significance. Of all fathers of FMD probands, 11% had AAAs resulting in a RRAAA of 2.3 ([95% CI, 1.12-4.6]; P=0.014) compared with population estimates. The PRSFMD was found to be associated with an AAA (odds ratio, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01-1.05]; P=2.6×10-3), and the PRSAAA was found to be associated with FMD (odds ratio, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.2-1.9]; P=9.0×10-5) as well. CONCLUSIONS FMD and AAAs seem to be sex-dimorphic manifestations of a heritable arterial disease with a partially shared complex genetic architecture. Excess risk of having an AAA according to a family history of FMD may justify screening in family members of individuals having FMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Katz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Medical Genomics & Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (A.E.K.)
| | - Min-Lee Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics (M.-L.Y.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Michael G Levin
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Philadelphia VA Medical Center (M.G.L., S.M.D.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.G.L.)
| | - Catherine Tcheandjieu
- Gladstone Institute of data science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes; and Department of epidemiology and biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, CA. (C.T.)
| | - Michael Mathis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Michigan Medicine (M.M., C.M.B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Kristina Hunker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Susan Blackburn
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery (S.B., J.L.E., D.M.C., M.K., J.C.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Jonathan L Eliason
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery (S.B., J.L.E., D.M.C., M.K., J.C.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Dawn M Coleman
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery (S.B., J.L.E., D.M.C., M.K., J.C.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | | | - Heather L Gornik
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH (H.L.G.)
| | - Monita Karmakar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery (S.B., J.L.E., D.M.C., M.K., J.C.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Hannah Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (C.X., M.Z., S.Z., X.Z.)
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (C.X., M.Z., S.Z., X.Z.)
| | - Chad M Brummett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Michigan Medicine (M.M., C.M.B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Sebastian Zoellner
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (C.X., M.Z., S.Z., X.Z.)
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (C.X., M.Z., S.Z., X.Z.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare System (C.O.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (C.O.)
| | - Julie A Douglas
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (T.L.A., P.S.T.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (T.L.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | | | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Philadelphia VA Medical Center (M.G.L., S.M.D.)
- Department of Surgery and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (S.M.D.)
| | - James C Stanley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery (S.B., J.L.E., D.M.C., M.K., J.C.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Human Genetics (A.E.K., M.-L.Y., K.H., H.H., J.A.D., J.Z.L., S.K.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Vascular smooth muscle RhoA counteracts abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by modulating MAP4K4 activity. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1071. [PMID: 36207400 PMCID: PMC9546906 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether a small GTPase RhoA plays a role in the pathology of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has not been determined. We show here that RhoA expression is reduced in human AAA lesions, compared with normal areas. Furthermore, incidence of AAA formation is increased in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific RhoA conditional knockout (cKO) mice. The contractility of the aortic rings and VSMCs from RhoA cKO mice is reduced, and expression of genes related to the VSMC contractility is attenuated by loss of RhoA. RhoA depletion activates the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling, including MAP4K4, in the aorta and VSMCs. Inhibition of MAP4K4 activity by DMX-5804 decreases AAA formation. Set, a binding protein to active RhoA, functions as an activator of MAP4K4 by sequestering PP2A, an inhibitor of MAP4K4, in the absence of RhoA. In conclusion, RhoA counteracts AAA formation through inhibition of MAP4K4 in cooperation with Set.
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Rihan M, Sharma SS. Role of Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) in Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:382-402. [PMID: 36178660 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the world's leading cause of death, accounting for 32% of all fatalities. Although therapeutic agents are available for CVDs, however, most of them have significant limitations such as the time-dependency effect, hypotension, and bradycardia. To overcome the limitations of current pharmacological therapies, new molecular targets and pathways need to be identified and investigated to provide better treatment options for CVDs. Recent evidence suggested the involvement of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and targeting PKM2 by its modulators (inhibitors and activators) has shown promising results in several CVDs. PKM2 regulates gene activation in the context of apoptosis, mitosis, hypoxia, inflammation, and metabolic reprogramming. PKM2 modulators might have a significant impact on the molecular pathways involved in CVD pathogenesis. Therefore, PKM2 modulators can be one of the therapeutic options for CVDs. This review provides an insight into PKM2 involvement in various CVDs along with their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rihan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India.
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Li S, Meng J, Lv Y, Wang Q, Tian X, Li M, Zeng X, Hu C, Zheng Y. Changes in Serum IgG Glycosylation Patterns for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Patients. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090291. [PMID: 36135436 PMCID: PMC9502462 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: B cells and autoantibodies play an important role in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). IgG glycosylations are highly valued as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Methods: Lectin microarray was applied to analyze the expression profile of serum IgG glycosylation in 75 patients with AAA, 68 autoimmune disease controls, and 100 healthy controls. Lectin blots were performed to validate the differences. The clinical relevance of lectins binding from the microarray results was explored in AAA patients. Results: Significantly lower binding level of SBA (preferred GalNAc) was observed for the AAA group compared with DCs (p < 0.001) and HCs (p = 0.049). A significantly lower binding level of ConA (preferred mannose) was observed in patients with aneurysm diameter >5 cm. Significantly higher binding of CSA (preferred GalNAc) was present for dyslipidemia patients, whereas a lower binding level of AAL (preferred fucose) was observed for hypertensive patients. Patients with diabetes had lower binding levels of IRA (preferred GalNAc) and HPA (preferred GalNAc) compared with those not with DM. PTL-L (R = 0.36, p = 0.0015, preferred GalNAc) was positively associated with aneurysm diameters, whereas DSL (R = 0.28, p = 0.014, preferred (GlcNAc)2-4) was positively associated with patients’ age. Symptomatic patients had a lower binding level of ConA (p = 0.032), and patients with coronary heart disease had higher binding levels of STL (p = 0.0029, preferred GlcNAc). Patients with ILT bound less with black bean crude (p = 0.04, preferred GalNAc). Conclusions: AAA was associated with a decreased IgG binding level of SBA (recognizing glycan GalNAc). Symptomatic patients with aneurysm <5 cm had a higher binding level of ConA (preferred mannose). Coronary heart disease and elder age were associated with increased IgG bisecting GlcNAc. IgG O-glycosylation (GalNAc) may play an important role in AAA pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yanze Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chaojun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuehong Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100010, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (Y.Z.)
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Weaver LM, Loftin CD, Zhan CG. Development of pharmacotherapies for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113340. [PMID: 35780618 PMCID: PMC9514980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular field is still searching for a treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). This inflammatory disease often goes undiagnosed until a late stage and associated rupture has a high mortality rate. No pharmacological treatment options are available. Three hallmark factors of AAA pathology include inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction. Here we discuss drugs for AAA treatment that have been studied in clinical trials by examining the drug targets and data present for each drug's ability to regulate the aforementioned three hallmark pathways in AAA progression. Historically, drugs that were examined in interventional clinical trials for treatment of AAA were repurposed therapeutics. Novel treatments (biologics, small-molecule compounds etc.) have not been able to reach the clinic, stalling out in pre-clinical studies. Here we discuss the backgrounds of previous investigational drugs in hopes of better informing future development of potential therapeutics. Overall, the highlighted themes discussed here stress the importance of both centralized anti-inflammatory drug targets and rigor of translatability. Exceedingly few murine studies have examined an intervention-based drug treatment in halting further growth of an established AAA despite interventional treatment being the therapeutic approach taken to treat AAA in a clinical setting. Additionally, data suggest that a potentially successful drug target may be a central inflammatory biomarker. Specifically, one that can effectively modulate all three hallmark factors of AAA formation, not just inflammation. It is suggested that inhibiting PGE2 formation with an mPGES-1 inhibitor is a leading drug target for AAA treatment to this end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Weaver
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Charles D Loftin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Edaravone Attenuated Angiotensin II-Induced Atherosclerosis and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081117. [PMID: 36009011 PMCID: PMC9405883 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to define whether edaravone, a free-radical scavenger, influenced angiotensin II (AngII)-induced atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) formation. Methods: Male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (8–12 weeks old) were fed with a normal diet for 5 weeks. Either edaravone (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally for 5 weeks. After 1 week of injections, mice were infused subcutaneously with either AngII (1000 ng/kg/min, n = 16–17 per group) or saline (n = 5 per group) by osmotic minipumps for 4 weeks. Results: AngII increased systolic blood pressure equivalently in mice administered with either edaravone or saline. Edaravone had no effect on plasma total cholesterol concentrations and body weights. AngII infusion significantly increased ex vivo maximal diameters of abdominal aortas and en face atherosclerosis but was significantly attenuated by edaravone administration. Edaravone also reduced the incidence of AngII-induced AAAs. In addition, edaravone diminished AngII-induced aortic MMP-2 activation. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that edaravone ameliorated mRNA abundance of aortic MCP-1 and IL-1β. Immunostaining demonstrated that edaravone attenuated oxidative stress and macrophage accumulation in the aorta. Furthermore, edaravone administration suppressed thioglycolate-induced mice peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) accumulation and mRNA abundance of MCP-1 in MPMs in male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. In vitro, edaravone reduced LPS-induced mRNA abundance of MCP-1 in MPMs. Conclusions: Edaravone attenuated AngII-induced AAAs and atherosclerosis in male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice via anti-oxidative action and anti-inflammatory effect.
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Tyrovolas S, Tyrovola D, Giné-Vázquez I, Koyanagi A, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Haro JM, Pan WK, Miranda JJ, Panagiotakos D. Global, regional, and national burden of aortic aneurysm, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1220-1232. [PMID: 33783496 PMCID: PMC11110262 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed at evaluating the age, sex, and country-income patterns in aortic aneurysm disease burden, analysing trends in mortality and years of life lost (YLLs), as well as their causal drivers and risk factors, using the 2017 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2017). METHODS AND RESULTS We described the temporal, global, and regional (195 countries) patterns of aortic aneurysm (thoracic and abdominal) mortality, YLLs, their drivers [sociodemographic index (SDI), healthcare access and quality index (HAQ index)] and risk factors using the GBD 1990-2017. Correlation and mixed multilevel modelling between aortic aneurysm mortality, YLLs, HAQ index and other variables were applied. From 1990 to 2017, a global declining trend in age-standardized aortic aneurysm mortality was found [2.88 deaths/100 000 (95% uncertainty intervals, UI 2.79 to 3.03) in 1990 and 2.19 deaths/100 000 (95% UI 2.09 to 2.28) in 2017]. Among high-income countries (HICs) a consistent declining Spearman's correlation between age-standardised aortic aneurysm mortality, SDI (HICs; 1990 rho: 0.57, P ≤ 0.001; 2017 rho: 0.41, P = 0.001) and HAQ index was observed (HICs; 1990 rho: 0.50, P <0.001; 2016 rho: 0.35, P = 0.006); in comparison with low- and middle-income countries where correlation trends were weak and mixed. At a global level, higher HAQ index was related with lower aortic aneurysm mortality and YLLs [mortality, coef: -0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.06, -0.04; YLLs, coef: -0.94, 95% CI: -1.17, -0.71]. CONCLUSIONS Age-standardized aortic aneurysm mortality declined globally between 1990 and 2017. Globally, age-standardized aortic aneurysm mortality and YLLs were related to changes in SDI and HAQ index levels, while country-level income-related variations were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujades, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 Eleutheriou Venizelou str, 17671 Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services (WHOCC), School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dimitra Tyrovola
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 Eleutheriou Venizelou str, 17671 Athens, Greece
- State Cardiology Clinic, Hippokration General Hospital, 114 Vasilissis Sofias avenue, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujades, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujades, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 445, Miraflores, Lima 15074, Peru
| | - Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, calle de Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), IMDEA-Food, calle de Melchor Fernandez Almargo 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujades, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - William K. Pan
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 9 Circuit Dr., Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Dr., Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - J. Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 445, Miraflores, Lima 15074, Peru
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, San Martin de Porres, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 Eleutheriou Venizelou str, 17671 Athens, Greece
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Wu Y, Jiang D, Zhang H, Yin F, Guo P, Zhang X, Bian C, Chen C, Li S, Yin Y, Böckler D, Zhang J, Han Y. N1-Methyladenosine (m1A) Regulation Associated With the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Through YTHDF3 Modulating Macrophage Polarization. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:883155. [PMID: 35620523 PMCID: PMC9127271 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.883155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to identify key AAA-related m1A RNA methylation regulators and their association with immune infiltration in AAA. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the mechanism that m1A regulators modulate the functions of certain immune cells as well as the downstream target genes, participating in the progression of AAA. Methods Based on the gene expression profiles of the GSE47472 and GSE98278 datasets, differential expression analysis focusing on m1A regulators was performed on the combined dataset to identify differentially expressed m1A regulatory genes (DEMRGs). Additionally, CIBERSORT tool was utilized in the analysis of the immune infiltration landscape and its correlation with DEMRGs. Moreover, we validated the expression levels of DEMRGs in human AAA tissues by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was also applied in the validation of cellular localization of YTHDF3 in AAA tissues. Furthermore, we established LPS/IFN-γ induced M1 macrophages and ythdf3 knockdown macrophages in vitro, to explore the relationship between YTHDF3 and macrophage polarization. At last, RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-Seq) combined with PPI network analysis was used to predict the target genes of YTHDF3 in AAA progression. Results Eight DEMRGs were identified in our study, including YTHDC1, YTHDF1-3, RRP8, TRMT61A as up-regulated genes and FTO, ALKBH1 as down-regulated genes. The immune infiltration analysis showed these DEMRGs were positively correlated with activated mast cells, plasma cells and M1 macrophages in AAA. RT-qPCR analysis also verified the up-regulated expression levels of YTHDC1, YTHDF1, and YTHDF3 in human AAA tissues. Besides, IF staining result in AAA adventitia indicated the localization of YTHDF3 in macrophages. Moreover, our in-vitro experiments found that the knockdown of ythdf3 in M0 macrophages inhibits macrophage M1 polarization but promotes macrophage M2 polarization. Eventually, 30 key AAA-related target genes of YTHDF3 were predicted, including CD44, mTOR, ITGB1, STAT3, etc. Conclusion Our study reveals that m1A regulation is significantly associated with the pathogenesis of human AAA. The m1A “reader,” YTHDF3, may participate in the modulating of macrophage polarization that promotes aortic inflammation, and influence AAA progression by regulating the expression of its target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Deying Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Fanxing Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Panpan Guo
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shuixin Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yuhan Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Dittmar Böckler
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Zhang
| | - Yanshuo Han
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
- Yanshuo Han ; orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-2998
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Chen J, Xiong GZ, Luo DY, Zou QQ, Wang YYJ, Bi GS. Daxx ameliorates abdominal aortic aneurysm through inhibiting the TGF-β1-mediated PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221091532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening vascular abnormality, that, if ruptured, is almost universally fatal without repair, and is associated with up to 50% mortality even if repaired in hospital. To date, there is no drug therapy that has clinically proven benefit to reduce or prevent expansion of AAA. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Daxx could affect AAA through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway mediated by transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ1). Methods The AAA model was constructed by injecting angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang-Ⅱ) into rats, and the Daxx lentivirus vector was constructed. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the wall thickness of the abdominal aorta in rats. The gene and protein expressions in abdominal aortic tissues were detected utilizing western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, the concentration of TGF-β1 in abdominal aortic tissue was determined by ELISA. Results The abdominal aortic wall thickness was decreased in the Daxx expression group (by HE staining), and Daxx overexpression markedly reduced the protein expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9. Proteins related to the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway were highly enhanced in the aneurysm wall of rats, but were reduced following Daxx addition. Moreover, Daxx reduced the damage to elastin (by IHC), and the expression levels of α-SMA and SM22α were up-regulated by Daxx (by qRT-PCR). The concentration of TGF-β1 was correlated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway (by ELISA), whereas AKT overexpression weakened the inhibitory effect of Daxx. Conclusion Daxx ameliorated several mechanisms that contributed to expansion of AAA suppressing the tissue concentration of TGF-β1, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT/ID2 signaling pathway. This evidence might form the basis to develop a therapeutic target for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guo-zuo Xiong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Dong-yang Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qing-qing Zou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yang-yi-jing Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guo-shan Bi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Mackay CDA, Jadli AS, Fedak PWM, Patel VB. Adventitial Fibroblasts in Aortic Aneurysm: Unraveling Pathogenic Contributions to Vascular Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040871. [PMID: 35453919 PMCID: PMC9025866 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm (AA) is a degenerative vascular disease that involves aortic dilatation, and, if untreated, it can lead to rupture. Despite its significant impact on the healthcare system, its multifactorial nature and elusive pathophysiology contribute to limited therapeutic interventions that prevent the progression of AA. Thus, further research into the mechanisms underlying AA is paramount. Adventitial fibroblasts are one of the key constituents of the aortic wall, and they play an essential role in maintaining vessel structure and function. However, adventitial fibroblasts remain understudied when compared with endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Adventitial fibroblasts facilitate the production of extracellular matrix (ECM), providing structural integrity. However, during biomechanical stress and/or injury, adventitial fibroblasts can be activated into myofibroblasts, which move to the site of injury and secrete collagen and cytokines, thereby enhancing the inflammatory response. The overactivation or persistence of myofibroblasts has been shown to initiate pathological vascular remodeling. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in the activation of fibroblasts and in regulating myofibroblast activation may provide a potential therapeutic target to prevent or delay the progression of AA. This review discusses mechanistic insights into myofibroblast activation and associated vascular remodeling, thus illustrating the contribution of fibroblasts to the pathogenesis of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D. A. Mackay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (C.D.A.M.); (A.S.J.)
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW HMRB-G71, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
| | - Anshul S. Jadli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (C.D.A.M.); (A.S.J.)
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW HMRB-G71, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW HMRB-G71, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B. Patel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (C.D.A.M.); (A.S.J.)
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW HMRB-G71, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-(403)-220-3446
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Metschl S, Bruder L, Paloschi V, Jakob K, Reutersberg B, Reeps C, Maegdefessel L, Gee M, Eckstein HH, Pelisek J. Changes in endocan and dermatan sulfate are associated with biomechanical properties of abdominal aortic wall during aneurysm expansion and rupture. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1513-1523. [PMID: 35170008 DOI: 10.1055/a-1772-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The study aimed to assess the potential of proteoglycans (PG) and collagens as serological biomarkers in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Furthermore, we investigated the underlying mechano-biological interactions and signaling pathways. METHODS Tissue and serum samples from patients with ruptured AAA (rAAA, n=29), elective AAA (eAAA, n=78), and healthy individuals (n=8) were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), mechanical properties were assessed by tensile tests. Regulatory pathways were determined by membrane-based sandwich immunoassay. RESULTS In AAA samples, collagen type I and III (Col1, Col3), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and dermatan sulfate (DS) were significantly increased compared to controls (3.0-, 3.2-, 1.3-, and 53-fold; p<0.01). Col1 and endocan were also elevated in the serum of AAA patients (3.6- and 6.0-fold; p<0.01), while DS was significantly decreased (2.5-fold; p<0.01). Histological scoring showed increased total PGs and focal accumulation in rAAA compared to eAAA. Tissue β-stiffness was higher in rAAA compared to eAAA (2.0-fold, p=0.02). Serum Col1 correlated with maximum tensile force and failure tension (r=0.448 and 0.333; p<0.01 and =0.02), tissue endocan correlated with α-stiffness (r=0.340; p<0.01). Signaling pathways in AAA were associated with ECM synthesis and VSMC proliferation. In particular, Src family kinases, PDGF- and EGF-related proteins seem to be involved. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a structural association between collagen and PGs and their response to changes in mechanical loads in AAA. Particularly Col1 and endocan reflect the mechano-biological conditions of the aortic wall also in the patient's serum and might serve for AAA risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Metschl
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munchen, Germany
| | - Lukas Bruder
- Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group, Technical University of Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Vascular and Endovascular surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany
| | - Katharina Jakob
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munchen, Germany
| | | | - Christian Reeps
- Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät an der TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany
| | - Michael Gee
- Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group, Technical University of Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munchen, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Experimental Vascular Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mangum K, Gallagher K, Davis FM. The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020172. [PMID: 35204673 PMCID: PMC8961599 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in the setting of acute rupture. Recently, advances in surgical and endovascular repair of AAA have been achieved; however, pharmaceutical therapies to prevent AAA expansion and rupture remain lacking. This highlights an ongoing need to improve the understanding the pathological mechanisms that initiate formation, maintain growth, and promote rupture of AAA. Over the past decade, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, posttranslational histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, have emerged as important regulators of cellular function. Accumulating studies reveal the importance of epigenetic enzymes in the dynamic regulation of key signaling pathways that alter cellular phenotypes and have emerged as major intracellular players in a wide range of biological processes. In this review, we discuss the roles and implications of epigenetic modifications in AAA animal models and their relevance to human AAA pathology.
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Sun R, Zhou Y, Cui Q. Comparative analysis of aneurysm subtypes associated genes based on protein-protein interaction network. BMC Bioinformatics 2021; 22:587. [PMID: 34895131 PMCID: PMC8665538 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-04513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The arterial aneurysm refers to localized dilation of blood vessel wall and is common in general population. The majority of aneurysm cases remains asymptomatic until a sudden rupture which is usually fatal and of extremely high mortality (~ 50-60%). Therefore, early diagnosis, prevention and management of aneurysm are in urgent need. Unfortunately, current understanding of disease driver genes of various aneurysm subtypes is still limited, and without appropriate biomarkers and drug targets no specialized drug has been developed for aneurysm treatment. In this research, aneurysm subtypes were analyzed based on protein-protein interaction network to better understand aneurysm pathogenesis. By measuring network-based proximity of aneurysm subtypes, we identified a relevant closest relationship between aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. An improved random walk method was performed to prioritize candidate driver genes of each aneurysm subtype. Thereafter, transcriptomes of 6 human aneurysm subtypes were collected and differential expression genes were identified to further filter potential driver genes. Functional enrichment of above driver genes indicated a general role of ubiquitination and programmed cell death in aneurysm pathogenesis. Especially, we further observed participation of BCL-2-mediated apoptosis pathway and caspase-1 related pyroptosis in the development of cerebral aneurysm and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in corresponding transcriptomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Sun
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-Coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center Beijing, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-Coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-Coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center Beijing, Beijing, China.
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Mikołajczyk K, Spyt D, Zielińska W, Żuryń A, Faisal I, Qamar M, Świniarski P, Grzanka A, Gagat M. The Important Role of Endothelium and Extracellular Vesicles in the Cellular Mechanism of Aortic Aneurysm Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313157. [PMID: 34884962 PMCID: PMC8658239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis is a fundamental property of biological systems consisting of the ability to maintain a dynamic balance of the environment of biochemical processes. The action of endogenous and exogenous factors can lead to internal balance disorder, which results in the activation of the immune system and the development of inflammatory response. Inflammation determines the disturbances in the structure of the vessel wall, connected with the change in their diameter. These disorders consist of accumulation in the space between the endothelium and the muscle cells of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), resulting in the formation of fatty streaks narrowing the lumen and restricting the blood flow in the area behind the structure. The effect of inflammation may also be pathological dilatation of the vessel wall associated with the development of aneurysms. Described disease entities strongly correlate with the increased migration of immune cells. Recent scientific research indicates the secretion of specific vesicular structures during migration activated by the inflammation. The review focuses on the link between endothelial dysfunction and the inflammatory response and the impact of these processes on the development of disease entities potentially related to the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Mikołajczyk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Dominika Spyt
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Wioletta Zielińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Żuryń
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Inaz Faisal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Murtaz Qamar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Piotr Świniarski
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.M.); (D.S.); (W.Z.); (A.Ż.); (I.F.); (M.Q.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Dubis J, Niepiekło-Miniewska W, Jędruchniewicz N, Sobczyński M, Witkiewicz W, Zapotoczny N, Kuśnierczyk P. Associations of Genes for Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors and Their Human Leukocyte Antigen-A/B/C Ligands with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123357. [PMID: 34943866 PMCID: PMC8699266 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an immune-mediated disease with a genetic component. The multifactorial pathophysiology is not clear and there is still no pharmacotherapy to slow the growth of aneurysms. The signal integration of cell-surface KIRs (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors) with HLA (ligands, human leukocyte class I antigen molecules) modulates the activity of natural killer immune cells. The genetic diversity of the KIR/HLA system is associated with the risk of immune disorders. This study was a multivariate analysis of the association between genetic variants of KIRs, HLA ligands, clinical data and AAA formation. Genotyping was performed by single polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers using commercial assays. Patients with HLA-A-Bw4 have a larger aneurysm by an average of 4 mm (p = 0.008). We observed a relationship between aneurysm diameter and BMI in patients with AAA and co-existing CAD; its shape was determined by the presence of HLA-A-Bw4. There was also a nearly 10% difference in KIR3DL1 allele frequency between the study and control groups. High expression of the cell surface receptor KIR3DL1 may protect, to some extent, against AAA. The presence of HLA-A-Bw4 may affect the rate of aneurysm growth and represents a potential regional pathogenetic risk of autoimmune injury to the aneurysmal aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dubis
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Wanda Niepiekło-Miniewska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
| | | | - Maciej Sobczyński
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; (W.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Norbert Zapotoczny
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; (W.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (P.K.)
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Xu B, Li G, Guo J, Ikezoe T, Kasirajan K, Zhao S, Dalman RL. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, coronavirus disease 2019, and abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2021; 74:1740-1751. [PMID: 33600934 PMCID: PMC7944865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the current, world-wide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the SARS-CoV-2 host entry receptor for cellular inoculation and target organ injury. We reviewed ACE2 expression and the role of ACE2-angiotensin 1-7-Mas receptor axis activity in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) pathogenesis to identify potential COVID-19 influences on AAA disease pathogenesis. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, National Library of Medicine. Key words included COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, AAA, ACE2, ACE or angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor inhibitor, angiotensin 1-7, Mas receptor, age, gender, respiratory diseases, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Key publications on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19 and AAAs were identified and reviewed. RESULTS All vascular structural cells, including endothelial and smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes express ACE2. Cigarette smoking, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lupus, certain types of malignancies, and viral infection promote ACE2 expression and activity, with the magnitude of response varying by sex and age. Genetic deficiency of AT1 receptor, or pharmacologic ACE or AT1 inhibition also increases ACE2 and its catalytic product angiotensin 1-7. Genetic ablation or pharmacologic inhibition of ACE2 or Mas receptor augments, whereas ACE2 activation or angiotensin 1-7 treatment attenuates, progression of experimental AAAs. The potential influences of SARS-CoV-2 on AAA pathogenesis include augmented ACE-angiotensin II-AT1 receptor activity resulting from decreased reciprocal ACE2-angiotensin 1-7-Mas activation; increased production of proaneurysmal mediators stimulated by viral spike proteins in ACE2-negative myeloid cells or by ACE2-expressing vascular structural cells; augmented local or systemic cross-talk between viral targeted nonvascular, nonleukocytic ACE2-expressing cells via ligand recognition of their cognate leukocyte receptors; and hypoxemia and increased systemic inflammatory tone experienced during severe COVID-19 illness. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 may theoretically influence AAA disease through multiple SARS-CoV-2-induced mechanisms. Further investigation and clinical follow-up will be necessary to determine whether and to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic will influence the prevalence, progression, and lethality of AAA disease in the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Toru Ikezoe
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | | | - Sihai Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Ronald L Dalman
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
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Chen MT, Chung CH, Ke HY, Peng CK, Chien WC, Shen CH. Risk of Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection in Patients with Tuberculosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111075. [PMID: 34769592 PMCID: PMC8583242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) can cause chronic inflammation. The occurrence of aortic aneurysm (AA) and aortic dissection (AD) may be associated with chronic inflammatory disease, but whether TB increases the risk of AA and AD remains to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the association between TB and the development of AA and AD. We conducted a population-based cohort study using data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. We selected 31,220 individuals with TB and 62,440 individuals without TB by matching the cohorts according to age, sex, and index year at a ratio of 1:2. Cox regression analysis revealed that the TB cohort had a 1.711-fold higher risk of AA and AD than the non-TB cohort after adjustment for sex, age, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.711; 95% confidence interval = 1.098–2.666). Patients with pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and miliary TB had a 1.561-, 1.892-, and 8.334-fold higher risk of AA and AD, respectively. Furthermore, patients with TB at <6 months, 6–12 months, and 1–5 years of follow-up had a 6.896-, 2.671-, and 2.371-fold risk of AA and AD, respectively. Physicians should consider the subsequent development of AA and AD while treating patients with TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Tsung Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (M.-T.C.); (C.-K.P.)
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yen Ke
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (M.-T.C.); (C.-K.P.)
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-C.C.); (C.-H.S.); Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (W.-C.C. & C.-H.S.)
| | - Chih-Hao Shen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (M.-T.C.); (C.-K.P.)
- Correspondence: (W.-C.C.); (C.-H.S.); Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (W.-C.C. & C.-H.S.)
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Li H, Xu H, Wen H, Wang H, Zhao R, Sun Y, Bai C, Ping J, Song L, Luo M, Chen J. Lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1) deficiency promotes angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Theranostics 2021; 11:9587-9604. [PMID: 34646388 PMCID: PMC8490513 DOI: 10.7150/thno.65277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The progressive disruption of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, particularly early elastin fragmentation followed by abnormalities in collagen fibril organization, are key pathological processes that contribute to dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) pathogenesis. Lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1) is essential for type I/III collagen intermolecular crosslinking and stabilization. However, its function in dissecting AAA has not been explored. Here, we investigated whether LH1 is significantly implicated in dissecting AAA progression and therapeutic intervention. Methods and Results: Sixteen-week-old male LH1-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice on the C57Bl/6NCrl background were infused with angiotensin II (Ang II, 1000 ng/kg per minute) via subcutaneously implanted osmotic pumps for 4 weeks. Ang II increased LH1 levels in the abdominal aortas of WT mice, whereas mice lacking LH1 developed dissecting AAA. To evaluate the related mechanism, we performed whole-transcriptomic analysis, which demonstrated that LH1 deficiency aggravated gene transcription alterations; in particular, the expression of thrombospondin-1 was markedly upregulated in the aortas of LH1-deficient mice. Furthermore, targeting thrombospondin-1 with TAX2 strongly inhibited the proinflammatory process, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) apoptosis, ultimately decreasing the incidence of dissecting AAA. Restoration of LH1 protein expression in LH1-deficient mice by intraperitoneal injection of an adeno-associated virus normalized thrombospondin-1 levels, subsequently alleviating dissecting AAA formation and preserving aortic structure and function. Consistently, in human AAA specimens, decreased LH1 expression was associated with increased thrombospondin-1 levels. Conclusions: LH1 deficiency contributes to dissecting AAA pathogenesis, at least in part, by upregulating thrombospondin-1 expression, which subsequently enables proinflammatory processes, MMP activation and VSMCs apoptosis. Our study provides evidence that LH1 is a potential critical therapeutic target for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Haochen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Hongyan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ranxu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Congxia Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jiedan Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Li Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650102, China
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Wang W, Zhao T, Geng K, Yuan G, Chen Y, Xu Y. Smoking and the Pathophysiology of Peripheral Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:704106. [PMID: 34513948 PMCID: PMC8429807 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.704106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is one of the most important preventable factors causing peripheral artery disease (PAD). The purpose of this review is to comprehensively analyze and summarize the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of smoking in PAD based on existing clinical, in vivo, and in vitro studies. Extensive searches and literature reviews have shown that a large amount of data exists on the pathological process underlying the effects of cigarette smoke and its components on PAD through various mechanisms. Cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) induce endothelial cell dysfunction, smooth muscle cell remodeling and macrophage phenotypic transformation through multiple molecular mechanisms. These pathological changes are the molecular basis for the occurrence and development of peripheral vascular diseases. With few discussions on the topic, we will summarize recent insights into the effect of smoking on regulating PAD through multiple pathways and its possible pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Kang Geng
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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50
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Chen Y, Wei X, Zhang Z, He Y, Huo B, Guo X, Feng X, Fang ZM, Jiang DS, Zhu XH. Downregulation of Filamin a Expression in the Aorta Is Correlated With Aortic Dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:690846. [PMID: 34485398 PMCID: PMC8414519 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.690846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamins (FLNs) are actin cross-linking proteins, and as scaffolding proteins, FLNs are closely associated with the stabilization of the cytoskeleton. Nevertheless, the biological importance of FLNs in aortic dissection (AD) has not been well-elucidated. In this study, we first reanalyzed datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and we found that in addition to the extracellular matrix, the actin cytoskeleton is a key structure associated with AD. Given that FLNs are involved in remodeling the cytoskeleton to affect cellular functions, we measured their expression levels in the aortas of patients with Stanford type A AD (TAAD). Our results showed that the mRNA and protein levels of FLNA were consistently decreased in dissected aortas of both humans and mice, while the FLNB protein level was upregulated despite decreased FLNB mRNA levels, and comparable expression levels of FLNC were observed between groups. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that FLNA was highly expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of aorta in non-AD samples, and downregulated in the medial layer of the dissected aortas of humans and mice. Moreover, we revealed that FOS and JUN, forming a dimeric transcription factor called AP-1 (activating protein-1), were positively correlated with the expression of FLNA in aorta. Either overexpression of FOS or JUN alone, or overexpression of FOS and JUN together, facilitated the expression of FLNA in primary cultured human aortic SMCs. In the present study, we not only detected the expression pattern of FLNs in aortas of humans and mice with or without AD, but we also found that the expression of FLNA in the AD samples was significantly reduced and that AP-1 might regulate the expression of FLNA. Our findings will contribute to the elucidation of the pathological mechanisms of AD and provide potential therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi He
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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