1
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YuYan, Yuan E. Regulatory effect of N6-methyladenosine on tumor angiogenesis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1453774. [PMID: 39295872 PMCID: PMC11408240 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1453774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that genetic alterations governing epigenetic processes frequently drive tumor development and that modifications in RNA may contribute to these alterations. In the 1970s, researchers discovered that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent form of RNA modification in advanced eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) and noncoding RNA (ncRNA). This modification is involved in nearly all stages of the RNA life cycle. M6A modification is regulated by enzymes known as m6A methyltransferases (writers) and demethylases (erasers). Numerous studies have indicated that m6A modification can impact cancer progression by regulating cancer-related biological functions. Tumor angiogenesis, an important and unregulated process, plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. The interaction between m6A and ncRNAs is widely recognized as a significant factor in proliferation and angiogenesis. Therefore, this article provides a comprehensive review of the regulatory mechanisms underlying m6A RNA modifications and ncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis, as well as the latest advancements in molecular targeted therapy. The aim of this study is to offer novel insights for clinical tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuYan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Enwu Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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2
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Caporali A, Anwar M, Devaux Y, Katare R, Martelli F, Srivastava PK, Pedrazzini T, Emanueli C. Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in ischaemic heart disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:556-573. [PMID: 38499868 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The adult heart is a complex, multicellular organ that is subjected to a series of regulatory stimuli and circuits and has poor reparative potential. Despite progress in our understanding of disease mechanisms and in the quality of health care, ischaemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death globally, owing to adverse cardiac remodelling, leading to ischaemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Therapeutic targets are urgently required for the protection and repair of the ischaemic heart. Moreover, personalized clinical biomarkers are necessary for clinical diagnosis, medical management and to inform the individual response to treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) deeply influence cardiovascular functions and contribute to communication between cells in the cardiac microenvironment and between the heart and other organs. As such, ncRNAs are candidates for translation into clinical practice. However, ncRNA biology has not yet been completely deciphered, given that classes and modes of action have emerged only in the past 5 years. In this Review, we discuss the latest discoveries from basic research on ncRNAs and highlight both the clinical value and the challenges underscoring the translation of these molecules as biomarkers and therapeutic regulators of the processes contributing to the initiation, progression and potentially the prevention or resolution of ischaemic heart disease and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maryam Anwar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxemburg
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Thierry Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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3
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Li C, Liu L, Li S, Liu YS. N 6-Methyladenosine in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases: Clinical Perspectives. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1447-1473. [PMID: 37815911 PMCID: PMC11272212 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to progressive deterioration of the structure and function of arteries, which eventually contributes to the development of vascular aging-related diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification in eukaryotic RNAs. This reversible m6A RNA modification is dynamically regulated by writers, erasers, and readers, playing a critical role in various physiological and pathological conditions by affecting almost all stages of the RNA life cycle. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of m6A in vascular aging and related diseases, shedding light on its potential clinical significance. In this paper, we comprehensively discuss the current understanding of m6A in vascular aging and its clinical implications. We discuss the molecular insights into m6A and its association with clinical realities, emphasizing its significance in unraveling the mechanisms underlying vascular aging. Furthermore, we explore the possibility of m6A and its regulators as clinical indicators for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction and investigate the therapeutic potential of m6A-associated anti-aging approaches. We also examine the challenges and future directions in this field and highlight the necessity of integrating m6A knowledge into patient-centered care. Finally, we emphasize the need for multidisciplinary collaboration to advance the field of m6A research and its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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Lin S, Lai D, Tian Y, Lai F, Long M, Ji C, Hao G. MicroRNA hsa-let-7e-5p in hUC-MSC-EVs alleviates oral mucositis by targeting TAB2. Scand J Immunol 2024:e13399. [PMID: 39073054 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe side effect of anti-cancer therapy, with limited available treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) have demonstrated effective protection against OM. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the current study, we purified EVs secreted by human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSC-EVs) and investigated their role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human oral keratinocytes (HOKs). We observed that treatment with hUC-MSC-EVs significantly reduced the inflammatory response of HOKs to LPS induction. Through small RNA-seq using miRNAs extracted from hUC-MSC-EVs, we identified hsa-let-7e-5p as one of the most highly expressed miRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis data indicated that hsa-let-7e-5p may inhibit the NF-κB signalling pathway by targeting TAB2. Overexpression of the hsa-let-7e-5p inhibitor significantly attenuated the anti-inflammatory effect of hUC-MSC-EVs in LPS-induced HOKs, which could be reversed by the knockdown of TAB2. In addition, we administered hUC-MSC-EVs in a hamster model for OM and observed that these EVs alleviated OM phenotypes. Taken together, our observations suggest that hsa-let-7e-5p in hUC-MSC-EVs could protect the oral mucosa from OM by repressing TAB2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Lin
- Department of Transfusion, Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Dong Lai
- Department of Transfusion, Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Transfusion, Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Lai
- Department of Transfusion, Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Long
- Department of Transfusion, Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Changfu Ji
- Department of Transfusion, Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Gengxin Hao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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5
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Tang C, Zhang Y. Detailed role of Let-7e in human diseases. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155436. [PMID: 39018928 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
As part of the epigenetic machinery, microRNAs (miRNAs) are extensively utilized by eukaryotes. By modulating gene expression in a variety of ways, these short RNAs mediate crucial physiological processes. This suggests that abnormalities in miRNA biogenesis and expression can be traced back to a variety of diseases. In addition, miRNAs are promising clinical candidates, especially for preclinical diagnosis. The Let family of miRNAs was one of the first to be discovered. As a prominent member of this category, extensive research has been conducted on Let-7e. The vast majority of evidence indicates an association between let-7e dysregulation and the onset and progression of disease, including malignancies. Because their effect depends on the genetic profile of disease and the affected tissue, different miRNAs play diverse roles in various diseases. However, what counts in miRNA studies is that just one miRNA may target numerous mRNAs in a cell at the exact time, therefore summarizing the effect of a single miRNA in human diseases can provide better insights into disease detection and treatment. The goal of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how let-7e functions in human cells so that it can be utilized more effectively in clinical settings for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. We have reviewed the research on let-7e, focusing on the molecular underpinnings of biological processes controlled by this miRNA that contribute to the development and etiology of numerous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhi Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
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6
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Lin P, Cao W, Chen X, Zhang N, Xing Y, Yang N. Role of mRNA-binding proteins in retinal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2024; 242:109870. [PMID: 38514023 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a pathological process that primarily occurs in diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal vein occlusion. It is a common yet debilitating clinical condition that culminates in blindness. Urgent efforts are required to explore more efficient and less limiting therapeutic strategies. Key RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), crucial for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by binding to RNAs, are closely correlated with RNV development. RBP-RNA interactions are altered during RNV. Here, we briefly review the characteristics and functions of RBPs, and the mechanism of RNV. Then, we present insights into the role of the regulatory network of RBPs in RNV. HuR, eIF4E, LIN28B, SRSF1, METTL3, YTHDF1, Gal-1, HIWI1, and ZFR accelerate RNV progression, whereas YTHDF2 and hnRNPA2B1 hinder it. The mechanisms elucidated in this review provide a reference to guide the design of therapeutic strategies to reverse abnormal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Wenye Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Ningzhi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China.
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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7
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Xu B, Li H, Chen H, Wang W, Jia W, Gong L, Zhong L, Yang J. Identification and prediction of molecular subtypes of atherosclerosis based on m6A immune cell infiltration. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130537. [PMID: 38070584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a complex disease with multiple molecular subtypes that are not yet fully understood. Recent studies have suggested that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) alterations may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between m6A regulators and atherosclerosis remains unclear. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of 25 m6A regulators in a cohort of atherosclerosis (AS) and non-AS patients using the R "limma" package. We also used machine learning models, including random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), generalized linear model (GLM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB), to predict the molecular subtypes of atherosclerosis based on m6A immune cell infiltration. RESULTS We found that METTL3, YTHDF2, IGFBP1, and IGF2BP1 were overexpressed in AS patients compared to non-AS patients, while the other significant m6A regulators showed no significant difference. Our machine learning models achieved high accuracy in predicting the molecular subtypes of atherosclerosis based on m6A immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that m6A alterations may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and that machine learning models can be used to predict molecular subtypes of atherosclerosis based on m6A immune cell infiltration. These findings may have important implications for the detection and management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Xu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China; Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Hongye Li
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Wenjuan Jia
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
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8
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Zhou X, Chai K, Zhu H, Luo C, Zou X, Zou J, Zhang G. The role of the methyltransferase METTL3 in prostate cancer: a potential therapeutic target. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:8. [PMID: 38166703 PMCID: PMC10762986 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), the most prevalent malignancy, is currently at the forefront. RNA modification is a subfield of the booming field of epigenetics. To date, more than 170 types of RNA modifications have been described, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant and well-characterized internal modification of mRNAs involved in various aspects of cancer progression. METTL3, the first identified key methyltransferase, regulates human mRNA and non-coding RNA expression in an m6A-dependent manner. This review elucidates the biological function and role of METTL3 in PCa and discusses the implications of METTL3 as a potential therapeutic target for future research directions and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Zhou
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Keqiang Chai
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, 730900, China
| | - Hezhen Zhu
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Cong Luo
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, 730900, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, 730900, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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9
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Alshahrani SH, Yuliastanti T, Al-Dolaimy F, Korotkova NL, Rasulova I, Almuala AF, Alsaalamy A, Ali SHJ, Alasheqi MQ, Mustafa YF. A glimpse into let-7e roles in human disorders; friend or foe? Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154992. [PMID: 38103367 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to abnormal expression and regulation in a number of diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have concentrated on miRNA Let-7e's significance in precision medicine for cancer screening and diagnosis as well as its prognostic and therapeutic potential. Differential let-7e levels in bodily fluids have the possibility to enable early detection of cancer utilizing less-invasive techniques, reducing biopsy-related risks. Although Let-7e miRNAs have been described as tumor suppressors, it is crucial to note that there exists proof to support their oncogenic activity in vitro and in in vivo. Let-7e's significance in chemo- and radiation treatment decisions has also been demonstrated. Let-7e can also prevent the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in a number of degenerative disorders, including musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. For the first time, an overview of the significance of let-7e in the prevention, detection, and therapy of cancer and other conditions has been given in the current review. Additionally, we focused on the specific molecular processes that underlie the actions of let-7e, more particularly, on malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadezhda L Korotkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Privolzhsky Research Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Abbas Firras Almuala
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Saad Hayif Jasim Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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10
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Han M, Sun H, Zhou Q, Liu J, Hu J, Yuan W, Sun Z. Effects of RNA methylation on Tumor angiogenesis and cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:198. [PMID: 38053093 PMCID: PMC10698974 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays vital roles in the growth and metastasis of cancer. RNA methylation is one of the most common modifications and is widely observed in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Accumulating studies have revealed that RNA methylation affects the occurrence and development of various tumors. In recent years, RNA methylation has been shown to play an important role in regulating tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we mainly elucidate the mechanisms and functions of RNA methylation on angiogenesis and progression in several cancers. We then shed light on the role of RNA methylation-associated factors and pathways in tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we describe the role of RNA methylation as potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Junhong Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Henan Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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11
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Chen ZB, He M, Li JYS, Shyy JYJ, Chien S. Epitranscriptional Regulation: From the Perspectives of Cardiovascular Bioengineering. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 25:157-184. [PMID: 36913673 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-081922-021233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The central dogma of gene expression involves DNA transcription to RNA and RNA translation into protein. As key intermediaries and modifiers, RNAs undergo various forms of modifications such as methylation, pseudouridylation, deamination, and hydroxylation. These modifications, termed epitranscriptional regulations, lead to functional changes in RNAs. Recent studies have demonstrated crucial roles for RNA modifications in gene translation, DNA damage response, and cell fate regulation. Epitranscriptional modifications play an essential role in development, mechanosensing, atherogenesis, and regeneration in the cardiovascular (CV) system, and their elucidation is critically important to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CV physiology and pathophysiology. This review aims at providing biomedical engineers with an overview of the epitranscriptome landscape, related key concepts, recent findings in epitranscriptional regulations, and tools for epitranscriptome analysis. The potential applications of this important field in biomedical engineering research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Ming He
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Julie Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
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12
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Spinetti G, Mutoli M, Greco S, Riccio F, Ben-Aicha S, Kenneweg F, Jusic A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nossent AY, Novella S, Kararigas G, Thum T, Emanueli C, Devaux Y, Martelli F. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes: role of non-coding RNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37226245 PMCID: PMC10206598 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by insulin defect or impairment, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Patients with diabetes experience a state of chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia resulting in damage to the vasculature, leading to micro- and macro-vascular diseases. These conditions are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Several classes of leukocytes have been implicated in diabetic cardiovascular impairment. Although the molecular pathways through which diabetes elicits an inflammatory response have attracted significant attention, how they contribute to altering cardiovascular homeostasis is still incompletely understood. In this respect, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a still largely under-investigated class of transcripts that may play a fundamental role. This review article gathers the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular cells in the context of diabetic complications, highlighting the influence of biological sex in such mechanisms and exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and targets for treatments. The discussion closes by offering an overview of the ncRNAs involved in the increased cardiovascular risk suffered by patients with diabetes facing Sars-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Mutoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Franziska Kenneweg
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
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Zhang G, Li X, Huang X. m6A-related bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization reveals that METTL3-mediated NPC1L1 mRNA hypermethylation facilitates progression of atherosclerosis via inactivation of the MAPK pathway. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:429-442. [PMID: 36583755 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays important roles in many major diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). In the present study, we aimed to explore the transcriptomic m6A landscape of endothelial function-associated genes and identify potential regulators in AS progression. METHODS The GEO data (GSE142386) from MeRIP-seq in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with METTL3 knocked down or not were analyzed. RNA-seq was performed to identify differences in gene expression. Gene ontology (GO) functional and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted to evaluate the potential functions of the differentially expressed genes. MeRIP-qPCR was used to measure the m6A and mRNA levels of the top 8 downregulated genes, and NPC1L1 was selected as the candidate gene. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) was used to stimulate HUVECs, and METTL3 or NPC1L1 was silenced in ox-LDL-treated cells. And Transwell, ELISA, and cell apoptosis assays were performed to assess cell functional injury. ApoE-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to establish an AS model, and adenovirus-mediated NPC1L1 shRNA or NC shRNA was injected into the mice through the tail vein. Mouse aortic tissue damage and plaque deposition were evaluated by H&E, Oil Red O, and TUNEL staining. RESULTS One hundred and ninety-four hypermethylated m6A peaks and 222 hypomethylated peaks were detected in response to knockdown of METTL3. Genes with altered m6A peaks were significantly involved in the histone modification, enzyme activity, and formation of multiple complexes and were predominantly enriched in the MAPK pathway. NPC1L1 was a most significantly downregulated transcript in response to knockdown of METTL3. Moreover, knockdown of NPC1L1 or de-m6A (METTL3 knockdown)-mediated downregulation of NPC1L1 could improve ox-LDL-induced dysfunction of HUVECs in vitro and high-fat diet-induced atherosclerotic plaque in vivo, which was associated with the inactivation of the MAPK pathway. CONCLUSION METTL3-mediated NPC1L1 mRNA hypermethylation facilitates AS progression by regulating the MAPK pathway, and NPC1L1 may be a novel target for the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China.
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Wang Y, Liu T, Xiao W, Bai Y, Yue D, Feng L. Ox-LDL induced profound changes of small non-coding RNA in rat endothelial cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1060719. [PMID: 36824457 PMCID: PMC9941181 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1060719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cardiovascular disease with a high incidence rate and mortality. Endothelial cell injury and dysfunction are early markers of AS. Oxidative low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is a key risk factor for the development of AS. Ox-LDL promotes endothelial cell apoptosis and induces inflammation and oxidative stress in endothelial cells. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) mainly include Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and repeat-associated RNAs. Studies have shown that small non-coding RNAs play an increasingly important role in diseases. Methods We used ox-LDL to treat rat endothelial cells to simulate endothelial cell injury. The expression changes of sncRNA were analyzed by small RNA high-throughput sequencing, and the expression changes of piRNA, snoRNA, snRNA, miRNA and repeat-associated RNA were verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Small RNA sequencing showed that 42 piRNAs were upregulated and 38 piRNAs were downregulated in endothelial cells treated with ox-LDL. PiRNA DQ614630 promoted the apoptosis of endothelial cells. The snoRNA analysis results showed that 80 snoRNAs were upregulated and 68 snoRNAs were downregulated in endothelial cells with ox-LDL treatment, and snoRNA ENSRNOT00000079032.1 inhibited the apoptosis of endothelial cells. For snRNA, we found that 20 snRNAs were upregulated and 26 snRNAs were downregulated in endothelial cells with ox-LDL treatment, and snRNA ENSRNOT00000081005.1 increased the apoptosis of endothelial cells. Analysis of miRNAs indicated that 106 miRNAs were upregulated and 91 miRNAs were downregulated in endothelial cells with ox-LDL treatment, and miRNA rno-novel-136-mature promoted the apoptosis of endothelial cells. The repeat RNA analysis results showed that 4 repeat RNAs were upregulated and 6 repeat RNAs were downregulated in endothelial cells treated with ox-LDL. Discussion This study first reported the expression changes of sncRNAs in endothelial cells with ox-LDL treatment, which provided new markers for the diagnosis and treatment of endothelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenying Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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15
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Shu Y, Guo Y, Zheng Y, He S, Shi Z. RNA methylation in vascular disease: a systematic review. J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 17:323. [PMID: 36536469 PMCID: PMC9762007 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-02077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the rise in morbidity and mortality associated with vascular diseases, the underlying pathophysiological molecular mechanisms are still unclear. RNA N6-methyladenosine modification, as the most common cellular mechanism of RNA regulation, participates in a variety of biological functions and plays an important role in epigenetics. A large amount of evidence shows that RNA N6-methyladenosine modifications play a key role in the morbidity caused by vascular diseases. Further research on the relationship between RNA N6-methyladenosine modifications and vascular diseases is necessary to understand disease mechanisms at the gene level and to provide new tools for diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we summarize the currently available data on RNA N6-methyladenosine modifications in vascular diseases, addressing four aspects: the cellular regulatory system of N6-methyladenosine methylation, N6-methyladenosine modifications in risk factors for vascular disease, N6-methyladenosine modifications in vascular diseases, and techniques for the detection of N6-methyladenosine-methylated RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shu
- Geriatric Multi-Clinic Center, Hainan ChengMei Hospital, Haikou, Hainan People’s Republic of China ,Department of Special Medical Services, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilong Guo
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Geriatric Multi-Clinic Center, Hainan ChengMei Hospital, Haikou, Hainan People’s Republic of China ,Department of Special Medical Services, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuwu He
- grid.443397.e0000 0004 0368 7493Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 48th of Bai Shui Tang Road, Haikou, 570311 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhensu Shi
- grid.443397.e0000 0004 0368 7493Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 48th of Bai Shui Tang Road, Haikou, 570311 Hainan People’s Republic of China
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Li G, Fu Q, Liu C, Peng Y, Gong J, Li S, Huang Y, Zhang H. The regulatory role of N6-methyladenosine RNA modification in gastric cancer: Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1074307. [PMID: 36561529 PMCID: PMC9763625 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1074307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosinen (m6A) methylation is a frequent RNA methylation modification that is regulated by three proteins: "writers", "erasers", and "readers". The m6A modification regulates RNA stability and other mechanisms, including translation, cleavage, and degradation. Interestingly, recent research has linked m6A RNA modification to the occurrence and development of cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. This review summarizes the regulatory role of m6A RNA modification in gastric cancer (GC), including targets, the mechanisms of action, and the potential signaling pathways. Our present findings can facilitate our understanding of the significance of m6A RNA modification in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qiru Fu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Editorial Department of Journal of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxi Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Abdominal and Pelvic Medical Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Shilan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Haiyuan Zhang, ; Yan Huang,
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Haiyuan Zhang, ; Yan Huang,
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Abstract
RNA is not always a faithful copy of DNA. Advances in tools enabling the interrogation of the exact RNA sequence have permitted revision of how genetic information is transferred. We now know that RNA is a dynamic molecule, amenable to chemical modifications of its four canonical nucleotides by dedicated RNA-binding enzymes. The ever-expanding catalogue of identified RNA modifications in mammals has led to a burst of studies in the past 5 years that have explored the biological relevance of the RNA modifications, also known as epitranscriptome. These studies concluded that chemical modification of RNA nucleotides alters several properties of RNA molecules including sequence, secondary structure, RNA-protein interaction, localization and processing. Importantly, a plethora of cellular functions during development, homeostasis and disease are controlled by RNA modification enzymes. Understanding the regulatory interface between a single-nucleotide modification and cellular function will pave the way towards the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools for the management of diseases, including cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we use two well-studied and abundant RNA modifications - adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing and N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation - as examples on which to base the discussion about the current knowledge on installation or removal of RNA modifications, their effect on biological processes related to cardiovascular health and disease, and the potential for development and application of epitranscriptome-based prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic tools for cardiovascular disease.
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METTL3: a Potential New Target in the Treatment Strategy of Atherosclerosis? Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2022; 37:611-612. [PMID: 36464754 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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RNA N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Methyltransferase-like 3 Facilitates Tumorigenesis and Cisplatin Resistance of Arecoline-Exposed Oral Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223605. [PMID: 36429032 PMCID: PMC9688745 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arecoline is known as the main active carcinogen found in areca nut extract that drives the pathological progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Studies have revealed that dysregulation of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase components is intimately linked to cancer initiation and progression, including oral cancer. METHODS The arecoline-induced dysregulated methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) gene was identified using RNA-seq transcriptome assay. Using in vitro and in vivo models, the biological roles of METTL3 in arecoline-transformed oral cancer were examined. RESULTS We found that METTL3 was markedly elevated in arecoline-exposed OSCC cell lines and OSCC tissues of areca nut chewers. We identified that hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) stimulated METTL3 expression at the transcriptional level and further proved that METTL3-MYC-HIF-1α formed a positive autoregulation loop in arecoline-transformed OSCC cells. Subsequently, we manifested that METTL3 depletion profoundly reduced cell proliferation, cell migration, oncogenicity, and cisplatin resistance of arecoline-exposed OSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Developing novel strategies to target METTL3 may be a potential way to treat OSCC patients, particularly those with areca nut chewing history and receiving cisplatin treatment.
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Nossent AY. The epitranscriptome: RNA modifications in vascular remodelling. Atherosclerosis 2022:S0021-9150(22)01500-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang B, Xu S, Sun Q, Li X, Wang T, Xu K, Yin L, Sun R, Pu Y, Zhang J. Let-7e-5p, a promising novel biomarker for benzene toxicity, is involved in benzene-induced hematopoietic toxicity through targeting caspase-3 and p21. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114142. [PMID: 36193590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is a common industrial chemical and environmental pollutant. However, the mechanism of hematotoxicity caused by exposure to low doses of benzene is unknown. Let-7e-5p pathway regulatory networks were constructed by bioinformatics analysis using a benzene-induced aplastic anemia (BIAA) mouse model. The MTT assay, EdU staining, flow cytometric analysis, dual luciferase reporter gene assay, and RIP assay were utilized to evaluate the effects of benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) on let-7e-5p pathway. This study consisted of 159 workers with a history of low-level benzene exposure and 159 workers with no history of benzene exposure. After the confounding factors were identified, the associations between let-7e-5p expression and hematotoxicity were assessed by multiple linear regression. Furthermore, we used four machine learning algorithms (decision trees, neural network, Bayesian network, and support vector machines) to construct a predictive model for detecting benzene-causing hematotoxicity in workers. In this study, compared with respective controls, let-7e-5p expression was decreased in BIAA mice and benzene-exposed workers. After 1,4-BQ exposure, let-7e-5p overexpression negatively regulated caspase-3 and p21 expression, protected cells from apoptosis, and facilitated cell proliferation. RIP assays, and dual luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed that let-7e-5p could target p21 and caspase-3 and regulate the cell cycle and apoptosis. The support vector machines classifier achieved the best prediction of benzene-induced hematotoxicity (prediction accuracy = 88.27, AUC = 0.83) by statistically characterizing the internal dose of benzene exposure and the oxidative stress index, as well as the expression levels of let-7e-5p pathway-related genes in benzene-exposed workers. Let-7e-5p may be a potential therapeutic target of benzene-induced hematotoxicity, provide a basis for evaluating the health hazards of long-term and low-dose benzene exposure in workers, and supply a reference for revising occupational health standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shouxiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang G, Wang T, Huang Z, Chen Y, Sun L, Xia X, He F, Fan C, Wang S, Liu W. METTL3 dual regulation of the stability of LINC00662 and VEGFA RNAs promotes colorectal cancer angiogenesis. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:89. [PMID: 36114893 PMCID: PMC9482670 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The angiogenesis is among the primary factors that affect tumor recurrence and distant organ metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the most common chemical modifications in eukaryotic mRNA, especially at the post-transcriptional level. Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) promoting angiogenesis in a variety of tumors has been reported. However, the mechanism of how METTL3 dual-regulates the stability of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and vascular-related factor RNAs to affect angiogenesis in CRC is unclear. METHODS 64 paired CRC and adjacent normal tissues were collected. In vitro, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), actinomycin assay, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) experiment,3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) and colony formation assay were performed. The functions were also studied in zebrafish model animals in vivo. RESULTS We found that the vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA), METTL3 and LINC00662 RNAs were highly expressed in CRC, and that METTL3 was significantly positively correlated with LINC00662 and VEGFA. The protein expression levels of CD31, CD34, VEGFA, m6A and METTL3 were all significantly increased in the CRC tissues. The angiogenesis experiments both in vivo and in vitro found that METTL3 and LINC00662 promoted angiogenesis in CRC. The actinomycin assay indicated that METTL3 maintained the stability of LINC00662 and VEGFA RNAs. In addition, the MeRIP experiment confirmed that the LINC00662 and VEGFA RNAs had METTL3-enriched sites. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that METTL3 and LINC00662 may both serve as diagnostic and prognostic predictive biomarkers for CRC and potential targets for anti-vascular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Zhang
- Department of General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 179, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianjun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihui Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 179, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 179, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 179, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenying Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 179, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- Department of General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 179, Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.
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Sikorski V, Vento A, Kankuri E. Emerging roles of the RNA modifications N6-methyladenosine and adenosine-to-inosine in cardiovascular diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:426-461. [PMID: 35991314 PMCID: PMC9366019 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases lead the mortality and morbidity disease metrics worldwide. A multitude of chemical base modifications in ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been linked with key events of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Named either RNA epigenetics or epitranscriptomics, the post-transcriptional RNA modifications, their regulatory pathways, components, and downstream effects substantially contribute to the ways our genetic code is interpreted. Here we review the accumulated discoveries to date regarding the roles of the two most common epitranscriptomic modifications, N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilbert Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - IHD-EPITRAN Consortium
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
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Jiang Z, Song X, Wei Y, Li Y, Kong D, Sun J. N(6)-methyladenosine-mediated miR-380-3p maturation and upregulation promotes cancer aggressiveness in pancreatic cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14460-14471. [PMID: 35758158 PMCID: PMC9342193 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2088497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified microRNAs (miRNAs) are relevant to cancer progression. Also, although the involvement of miR-380-3p in regulating cancer progression in bladder cancer and neuroblastoma has been preliminarily explored, its role in other types of cancer, such as pancreatic cancer (PC), has not been studied. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of miR-380-3p in regulating PC progression. Here, through performing Real-Time qPCR, we evidenced that miR-380-3p was significantly upregulated in the clinical pancreatic cancer tissues and cells compared to their normal counterparts. Interestingly, miR-380-3p was enriched with m6A modifications, and elimination of m6A modifications by deleting METTL3 and METTL14 synergistically suppressed miR-380-3p expressions in PC cells. Next, the gain and loss-of-function experiments verified that knockdown of miR-380-3p suppressed cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumorigenesis in PC cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas miR-380-3p overexpression had opposite effects. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms were uncovered, and our data suggested that miR-380-3p targeted the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of PTEN for its inhibition and degradation, resulting in the activation of the downstream Akt signal pathway. Moreover, the rescuing experiments validated that both PTEN overexpression and Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 abrogated the promoting effects of miR-380-3p overexpression on cancer aggressiveness in PC cells. Collectively, this study firstly investigated the role of the m6A-associated miR-380-3p/PTEN/Akt pathway in regulating PC progression, which provided novel therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqing Wei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanxun Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Degang Kong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinjin Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Ma C, Ma RJ, Hu K, Zheng QM, Wang YP, Zhang N, Sun ZG. The molecular mechanism of METTL3 promoting the malignant progression of lung cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:133. [PMID: 35331234 PMCID: PMC8944087 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the major causes of cancer-related death globally. Recent studies have shown that aberrant m6A levels caused by METTL3 are involved in the malignant progression of various tumors, including lung cancer. The m6A modification, the most abundant RNA chemical modification, regulates RNA stabilization, splicing, translation, decay, and nuclear export. The methyltransferase complex plays a key role in the occurrence and development of many tumors by installing m6A modification. In this complex, METTL3 is the first identified methyltransferase, which is also the major catalytic enzyme. Recent findings have revealed that METTL3 is remarkably associated with different aspects of lung cancer progression, influencing the prognosis of patients. In this review, we will focus on the underlying mechanism of METT3 in lung cancer and predict the future work and potential clinical application of targeting METTL3 for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shangdong, China
| | - Rui-Jie Ma
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shangdong, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shangdong, China
| | - Qi-Ming Zheng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shangdong, China
| | - Ye-Peng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Breast Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
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26
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Santovito D, Weber C. Non-canonical features of microRNAs: paradigms emerging from cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:620-638. [PMID: 35304600 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Research showing that microRNAs (miRNAs) are versatile regulators of gene expression has instigated tremendous interest in cardiovascular research. The overwhelming majority of studies are predicated on the dogmatic notion that miRNAs regulate the expression of specific target mRNAs by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA decay in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). These efforts mostly identified and dissected contributions of multiple regulatory networks of miRNA-target mRNAs to cardiovascular pathogenesis. However, evidence from studies in the past decade indicates that miRNAs also operate beyond this canonical paradigm, featuring non-conventional regulatory functions and cellular localizations that have a pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we highlight the functional relevance of atypical miRNA biogenesis and localization as well as RISC heterogeneity. Moreover, we delineate remarkable non-canonical examples of miRNA functionality, including direct interactions with proteins beyond the Argonaute family and their role in transcriptional regulation in the nucleus and in mitochondria. We scrutinize the relevance of non-conventional biogenesis and non-canonical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular homeostasis and pathology, and contextualize how uncovering these non-conventional properties can expand the scope of translational research in the cardiovascular field and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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van den Homberg DAL, van der Kwast RVCT, Quax PHA, Nossent AY. N-6-Methyladenosine in Vasoactive microRNAs during Hypoxia; A Novel Role for METTL4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1057. [PMID: 35162982 PMCID: PMC8835077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotic cells. The modification is reversible and can be dynamically regulated by writer and eraser enzymes. Alteration in the levels of these enzymes can lead to changes in mRNA stability, alternative splicing or microRNA processing, depending on the m6A-binding proteins. Dynamic regulation of mRNA m6A methylation after ischemia and hypoxia influences mRNA stability, alternative splicing and translation, contributing to heart failure. In this study, we studied vasoactive microRNA m6A methylation in fibroblasts and examined the effect of hypoxia on microRNAs methylation using m6A immunoprecipitation. Of the 19 microRNAs investigated, at least 16 contained m6A in both primary human fibroblasts and a human fibroblast cell line, suggesting vasoactive microRNAs are commonly m6A methylated in fibroblasts. More importantly, we found that mature microRNA m6A levels increased upon subjecting cells to hypoxia. By silencing different m6A writer and eraser enzymes followed by m6A immunoprecipitation, we identified METTL4, an snRNA m6A methyltransferase, to be predominantly responsible for the increase in m6A modification. Moreover, by using m6A-methylated microRNA mimics, we found that microRNA m6A directly affects downstream target mRNA repression efficacy. Our findings highlight the regulatory potential of the emerging field of microRNA modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne A L van den Homberg
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reginald V C T van der Kwast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
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28
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Yue Z, Cao M, Hong A, Zhang Q, Zhang G, Jin Z, Zhao L, Wang Q, Fang F, Wang Y, Sun J. m 6A Methyltransferase METTL3 Promotes the Progression of Primary Acral Melanoma via Mediating TXNDC5 Methylation. Front Oncol 2022; 11:770325. [PMID: 35117988 PMCID: PMC8804213 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.770325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
m6A modification is one of the most important post-transcriptional modifications in RNA and plays an important role in promoting translation or decay of RNAs. The role of m6A modifications has been highlighted by increasing evidence in various cancers, which, however, is rarely explored in acral melanoma. Here, we demonstrated that m6A level was highly elevated in acral melanoma tissues, along with the expression of METTL3, one of the most important m6A methyltransferase. Besides, higher expression of METTL3 messenger RNA (mRNA) correlated with a higher stage in primary acral melanoma patients. Knockdown of METTL3 decreased global m6A level in melanoma cells. Furthermore, METTL3 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells. In METTL3 knockdown xenograft mouse models, we observed decreased volumes and weights of melanoma tissues. Mechanistically, we found that METTL3 regulates certain m6A-methylated transcripts, thioredoxin domain containing protein 5 (TXNDC5), with the confirmation of RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, and Western blot. These data suggest that METTL3 may play a key role in the progression of acral melanoma, and targeting the m6A dependent-METTL3 signaling pathway may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for management of patients of acral melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghui Yue
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Anlan Hong
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhibin Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfang Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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Sweaad WK, Stefanizzi FM, Chamorro-Jorganes A, Devaux Y, Emanueli C. Relevance of N6-methyladenosine regulators for transcriptome: Implications for development and the cardiovascular system. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 160:56-70. [PMID: 33991529 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant and well-studied internal modification of messenger RNAs among the various RNA modifications in eukaryotic cells. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized to regulate non-coding RNAs. The dynamic and reversible nature of m6A is ensured by the precise and coordinated activity of specific proteins able to insert ("write"), bind ("read") or remove ("erase") the m6A modification from coding and non-coding RNA molecules. Mounting evidence suggests a pivotal role for m6A in prenatal and postnatal development and cardiovascular pathophysiology. In the present review we summarise and discuss the major functions played by m6A RNA methylation and its components particularly referring to the cardiovascular system. We present the methods used to study m6A and the most abundantly methylated RNA molecules. Finally, we highlight the possible involvement of the m6A mark in cardiovascular disease as well as the need for further studies to better describe the mechanisms of action and the potential therapeutic role of this RNA modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Khalid Sweaad
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Francesca Maria Stefanizzi
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aránzazu Chamorro-Jorganes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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