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Miller WL. Congestion/decongestion in heart failure: what does it mean, how do we assess it, and what are we missing?-is there utility in measuring volume? Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:1187-1199. [PMID: 39106007 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-024-10429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Clinical congestion remains a major cause of hospitalization and re-hospitalizations in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Despite the high prevalence of this issue and clinical concern in HF practice, there is limited understanding of the complex pathophysiology relating to the "congestion" of congestive HF. There is no unifying definition or clear consensus on what is meant or implied by the term "congestion." Further, the discordance in study findings relating congestion to physical signs and symptoms of HF, cardiac hemodynamics, or metrics of weight change or fluid loss with diuretic therapy has not added clarity. In this review, these factors will be discussed to add perspective to this issue and consider the factors driving "congestion." There remains a need to better understand the roles of fluid retention promoting intravascular and interstitial compartment expansions, blood volume redistribution from venous reservoirs, altered venous structure and capacity, elevated cardiac filling pressure hemodynamics, and heterogeneous intravascular volume profiles (plasma volume and red blood cell mass) with a goal to help demystify "congestion" in HF. Further, this includes highlighting the importance of recognizing that congestion is not the result of a single pathway but a complex of responses some of which produce symptoms while others do not; yet, we confine these varied responses to the single and somewhat vague term "congestion."
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L Miller
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Circulatory Failure, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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2
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Brann A, Selko S, Krauspe E, Shah K. Biomarkers of Hemodynamic Congestion in Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024:10.1007/s11897-024-00684-8. [PMID: 39298084 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to describe the evidence behind various blood and imaging-based biomarkers that can improve the identification of congestion when not clearly evident on routine examination. RECENT FINDINGS The natriuretic peptides (NPs) BNP and NT-proBNP have been shown to closely correlate with intra-cardiac filling pressures, both at baseline and when trended following improvement in congestion. Additionally, NPs rise well before clinical congestion is apparent so can be used as a tool to help identify subclinical HF decompensation. Additional serum-based biomarkers including MR-proANP and CA-125 can be helpful in assisting with diagnostic certainty when BNP or NT-proBNP are in the "grey zone" or when factors are present which may confound NP levels. Additionally, the emerging use of ultrasound techniques may enhance our ability to fine-tune the assessment and treatment of congestion. Biomarkers, including the blood-based natriuretic peptides and markers on bedside point of care ultrasound, can be used as non-invasive indices of hemodynamic congestion. These biomarkers are particularly valuable to incorporate when the degree of a patient's congestion is not apparent on clinical exam, and they can provide important prognostic information and help guide clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Brann
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N Mario Capecchi Drive 3rd floor North, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sean Selko
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ethan Krauspe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Kevin Shah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N Mario Capecchi Drive 3rd floor North, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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Gawalkar AA, Batta A. Ultrasound based estimate of central venous pressure: Are we any closer? World J Cardiol 2024; 16:310-313. [PMID: 38993581 PMCID: PMC11235208 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i6.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Central venous pressure (CVP) serves as a direct approximation of right atrial pressure and is influenced by factors like total blood volume, venous compliance, cardiac output, and orthostasis. Normal CVP falls within 8-12 mmHg but varies with volume status and venous compliance. Monitoring and managing disturbances in CVP are vital in patients with circulatory shock or fluid disturbances. Elevated CVP can lead to fluid accumulation in the interstitial space, impairing venous return and reducing cardiac preload. While pulmonary artery catheterization and central venous catheter obtained measurements are considered to be more accurate, they carry risk of complications and their usage has not shown clinical improvement. Ultrasound-based assessment of the internal jugular vein (IJV) offers real-time, non-invasive measurement of static and dynamic parameters for estimating CVP. IJV parameters, including diameter and ratio, has demonstrated good correlation with CVP. Despite significant advancements in non-invasive CVP measurement, a reliable tool is yet to be found. Present methods can offer reasonable guidance in assessing CVP, provided their limitations are acknowledged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atit A Gawalkar
- Department of Cardiology, Fortis Hospital, Himachal Pradesh, Kangra 176001, India
| | - Akash Batta
- Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Punjab, Ludhiana 141001, India.
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4
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Fischer EA, Barajas R, Kalam KA, Rao SJ, Chou J, Calderon LM, Weisman DS. The Ultrasound Hepato-Jugular Reflux: Measuring the Hepato-Jugular Reflux with Ultrasound with Comparison to Invasive Right Heart Catheterization. Am J Med 2024; 137:545-551.e6. [PMID: 38401676 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound can overcome barriers to visualizing the internal jugular vein, allowing hepato-jugular reflux and jugular venous pressure measurement. We aimed to determine operating characteristics of the ultrasound hepato-jugular reflux and ultrasound jugular venous pressure predicting right atrial and pulmonary capillary occlusion pressures. METHODS In a prospective observational cohort at three US academic hospitals the hepato-jugular reflux and jugular venous pressure were measured with ultrasound before right heart catheterization. Receiver operating curves, likelihood ratios, and regression models were utilized to compare the ultrasound hepato-jugular reflux and ultrasound jugular venous pressure to the right atrial and pulmonary capillary occlusion pressures. RESULTS In 99 adults undergoing right heart catheterization, an ultrasound hepato-jugular reflux had a negative likelihood ratio of 0.4 if 0 cm and a positive likelihood ratio of 4.3 if ≥ 1.5 cm for predicting a pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure ≥ 15 mmHg. Regression modeling predicting pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure was not only improved by including the ultrasound hepato-jugular reflux (P < .001), it was the more impactful predictor compared with the ultrasound jugular venous pressure (adjusted odds ratio 2.6 vs 1.2). The ultrasound hepato-jugular reflux showed substantial agreement (kappa 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-1.21), with poor agreement for the ultrasound jugular venous pressure (kappa 0.11; 95% confidence interval, -0.37-0.58). CONCLUSION In patients undergoing right heart catheterization, the ultrasound hepato-jugular reflux is reproducible, has modest impact on the probability of a normal pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure when 0 cm, and more substantial impact on the probability of an elevated pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure when ≥ 1.5 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest A Fischer
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
| | | | - Kazi A Kalam
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Shiavax J Rao
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Md
| | - Jiling Chou
- Center for Biostatistics, Informatics and Data Science, MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Md
| | - Luis M Calderon
- Division of Cardiology, Medstar Heart & Vascular Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - David S Weisman
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Md
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5
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Ferreira JP, Packer M, Sattar N, Butler J, Pocock SJ, Anker SD, Maldonado SG, Panova-Noeva M, Sumin M, Masson S, Zannad F, Januzzi JL. Carbohydrate antigen 125 concentrations across the ejection fraction spectrum in chronic heart failure: The EMPEROR programme. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:788-802. [PMID: 38439582 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Vascular congestion may lead to an increase of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125). The role of CA-125 as a biomarker of congestion or for prognosis across the full ejection fraction (EF) spectrum of chronic heart failure (HF) remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Serum CA-125 was measured in 1111 study participants from the EMPEROR-Reduced and EMPEROR-Preserved trials. Congestive signs and symptoms were evaluated across CA-125 tertiles. Cox regression was used to study the association with outcomes. The primary outcome was a composite of first HF hospitalization or cardiovascular (CV) death. No significant association was present between baseline CA-125 levels and congestive signs or symptoms. In the overall population, higher CA-125 levels were not associated with an increased risk of primary outcome (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: hazard ratio [HR] 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-1.96; p-trend = 0.11). However, higher CA-125 levels were associated with an increased risk of primary outcome in patients with HF and reduced EF (HFrEF; tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: HR 2.25 [95% CI 1.30-3.89]), but not among patients with preserved EF (HFpEF; tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: HR 0.68 [95% CI 0.38-1.21]); interaction-p = 0.02). Patients in the upper CA-125 tertile also showed the steepest estimated glomerular filtration rate decline over time (p-trend = 0.03). The effect of empagliflozin to reduce the risk of CV death or HF hospitalization appeared to be attenuated in those with lower baseline CA-125 levels (interaction-p-trend = 0.09). CONCLUSION Across the range of EF in patients with chronic HF enrolled in the EMPEROR trials, the majority of whom did not have clinical evidence of congestion, CA-125 concentrations were not significantly associated with congestive signs or symptoms. CA-125 concentrations may predict HF hospitalization/CV death in patients with HFrEF, but not those with HFpEF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION EMPEROR-Reduced (NCT03057977), EMPEROR-Preserved (NCT03057951).
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center (UnIC@RISE), Porto, Portugal
- Heart Failure Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Gaia, Portugal
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 14-33, Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Milton Packer
- Imperial College London, London, UK
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Stefan D Anker
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Cardiology, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Mikhail Sumin
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Serge Masson
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - James L Januzzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, USA
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Accorsi TAD, dos Santos GGR, Nemoto RP, Moreira FT, De Amicis K, Köhler KF, Cordioli E, Pedrotti CHS. Telemedicine and patients with heart failure: evidence and unresolved issues. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2024; 22:eRW0393. [PMID: 38451690 PMCID: PMC10948100 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024rw0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is the leading cause of cardiac-related hospitalizations. Limited access to reevaluations and outpatient appointments restricts the application of modern therapies. Telemedicine has become an essential resource in the healthcare system because of its countless benefits, such as higher and more frequent appointments and faster titration of medications. This narrative review aimed to demonstrate the evidence and unresolved issues related to the use of telemedicine in patients with heart failure. No studies have examined heart failure prevention; however, several studies have addressed the prevention of decompensation with positive results. Telemedicine can be used to evaluate all patients with heart failure, and many telemedicine platforms are available. Several strategies, including both noninvasive (phone calls, weight measurement, and virtual visits) and invasive (implantable pulmonary artery catheters) strategies can be implemented. Given these benefits, telemedicine is highly desirable, particularly for vulnerable groups. Although some questions remain unanswered, the development of new technologies can complement remote visits and improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Paladino Nemoto
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flavio Tocci Moreira
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Karine De Amicis
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Karen Francine Köhler
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Cordioli
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Ammirati E, Marchetti D, Colombo G, Pellicori P, Gentile P, D'Angelo L, Masciocco G, Verde A, Macera F, Brunelli D, Occhi L, Musca F, Perna E, Bernasconi DP, Moreo A, Camici PG, Metra M, Oliva F, Garascia A. Estimation of Right Atrial Pressure by Ultrasound-Assessed Jugular Vein Distensibility in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2024; 17:e010973. [PMID: 38299348 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.010973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evaluation of central venous pressure is difficult, depends on experience, and is often inaccurate in patients with chronic advanced heart failure. We assessed the ultrasound-assessed internal jugular vein (JV) distensibility by ultrasound as a noninvasive tool to identify patients with normal right atrial pressure (RAP ≤7 mm Hg) in this population. METHODS We measured JV distensibility as the Valsalva-to-rest ratio of the vein diameter in a calibration cohort (N=100) and a validation cohort (N=101) of consecutive patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction who underwent pulmonary artery catheterization for advanced heart failure therapies workup. RESULTS A JV distensibility threshold of 1.6 was identified as the most accurate to discriminate between patients with RAP ≤7 versus >7 mm Hg (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.64-0.84]) and confirmed in the validation cohort (receiver operating characteristic, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.73-0.92]). A JV distensibility ratio >1.6 had predictive positive values of 0.86 and 0.94, respectively, to identify patients with RAP ≤7 mm Hg in the calibration and validation cohorts. Compared with patients from the calibration cohort with a high JV distensibility ratio (>1.6; n=42; median RAP, 4 mm Hg; pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 11 mm Hg), those with a low JV distensibility ratio (≤1.6; n=58; median RAP, 8 mm Hg; pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 22 mm Hg; P<0.0001 for both) were more likely to die or undergo a left ventricular assist device implant or heart transplantation (event rate at 2 years: 42.7% versus 18.2%; log-rank P=0.034). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound-assessed JV distensibility identifies patients with chronic advanced heart failure with normal RAP and better outcomes. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03874312.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ammirati
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Davide Marchetti
- Cardiology Department, Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio Hospital, Milan, Italy (D.M.)
| | - Giada Colombo
- Cardiology, ASST Spedali Civili and Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health University of Brescia, Italy (G.C., M.M.)
| | - Pierpaolo Pellicori
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.P.)
| | - Piero Gentile
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Luciana D'Angelo
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Gabriella Masciocco
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Alessandro Verde
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Francesca Macera
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Dario Brunelli
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Lucia Occhi
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Francesco Musca
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Enrico Perna
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Davide P Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy (D.P.B.)
| | - Antonella Moreo
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Paolo G Camici
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy (P.G.C.)
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology, ASST Spedali Civili and Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health University of Brescia, Italy (G.C., M.M.)
| | - Fabrizio Oliva
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
| | - Andrea Garascia
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.)
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Drazner MH. Risk Stratification of Patients With Decompensated Heart Failure by Echocardiographic Assessment of Hemodynamics. Am J Cardiol 2023; 207:280-282. [PMID: 37769571 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Drazner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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Takahashi T, Iwano H, Shibayama K, Kitai T, Tanaka H, Yamada H, Sata M, Kusunose K. The Clinical Utility of Noninvasive Forrester Classification in Acute Heart Failure from PREDICT Study. Am J Cardiol 2023; 207:75-81. [PMID: 37734303 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The Forrester classification plays a crucial role in comprehending the underlying pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) and is employed to categorize the severity and predict the outcomes of patients with acute HF. Our objective was to assess the predictive value of the Forrester classification, based on noninvasive hemodynamic measurements obtained through Doppler echocardiography at admission, in forecasting the short-term prognosis posthospitalization of patients with acute HF. Patients were recruited for the Prospect trial to elucidate the utility of EchocarDIography-based Cardiac ouTput in acute heart failure (PREDICT) study, a multicenter, prospective study conducted in Japan. Participants were stratified into 4 profiles using cardiac index (CI) and early mitral filling velocity (E)/early-diastolic mitral annular velocity (e') ratio obtained from Doppler echocardiography upon admission (profile I: CI >2.2, E/e' ≤15, profile II: CI >2.2, E/e' >15, profile III: CI ≤2.2, E/e' ≤15, profile IV: CI ≤2.2, E/e' >15). The primary composite outcome of the study was all-cause mortality or worsening HF during the 14 days of hospitalization. Cox proportional hazards model analysis was employed to identify prognostic factors during the observation period. A total of 270 subjects, with a mean age of 74 ± 14 years and a male proportion of 60%, were enrolled in the study. During the 14-day period of hospitalization, 58 participants (22%) had a composite outcome. Patients with low CI (i.e., profiles III and IV) demonstrated an elevated risk of composite outcome after adjusting for confounding variables, as evidenced by the adjusted hazard ratios of 5.85 (95% confidence interval 1.17 to 29.09, p <0.01, vs profile III) and 6.50 (95% confidence interval 1.53 to 27.68, p <0.01, vs profile IV) in comparison with profile I, respectively. In conclusion, the Forrester classification, derived from noninvasive Doppler echocardiography at admission, may predict early deterioration in patients hospitalized with acute HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iwano
- Division of Cardiology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shibayama
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology, and Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
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10
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Georges G, Fudim M, Burkhoff D, Leon MB, Généreux P. Patient Selection and End Point Definitions for Decongestion Studies in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Part 2. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR ANGIOGRAPHY & INTERVENTIONS 2023; 2:101059. [PMID: 39131062 PMCID: PMC11307977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Congestion is the most common manifestation of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Residual congestion despite initial medical therapy is common and is recognized to be associated with worse outcomes; however, there are currently no standardized definition regarding decongestion end point. In the second part of this 2-part review, we provide a critical appraisal of decongestion definitions previously used in ADHF studies, review alternative metrics to define severity of volume overload, and propose a more granular 4-class congestion grading scheme and decongestion end point definitions that could potentially be included in future ADHF trials and consensus definitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Georges
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marat Fudim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Martin B. Leon
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Philippe Généreux
- Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey
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11
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Omori T, Kuwajima K, Rader F, Siegel RJ, Shiota T. Implication of Right Atrial Pressure Estimated by Echocardiography in Patients with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023; 36:1170-1177. [PMID: 37356676 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about how tightly right atrial pressure (RAP) is associated with prognosis in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of RAP estimated by echocardiography (RAP-echo) with cardiovascular events in patients with severe TR. METHODS Two hundred forty outpatients (median age, 75 years; 130 women) who underwent two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography and were diagnosed with severe TR were retrospectively studied. According to RAP-echo using the diameter of the inferior vena cava and its response to a sniff, patients were classified into two groups: low or middle and high RAP-echo. Cardiovascular events were defined as cardiovascular death and admission for heart failure. RESULTS During follow-up (median, 428 days; range, 87-1,229 days), 64 patients experienced cardiovascular events. By multivariate analysis, high RAP-echo was independently associated with cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.17-5.18). Also, jugular venous distention and leg edema were not independently associated with cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS The significant and stronger association of RAP-echo with clinical outcome compared with estimates of RAP on physical examination suggests that recognition of high RAP-echo can be a valuable surrogate for the clinical management of severe TR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Omori
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ken Kuwajima
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Florian Rader
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert J Siegel
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Takahiro Shiota
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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12
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Rahi W, Hussain I, Nguyen DT, Graviss EA, Quinones MA, Nagueh SF. Accuracy of Clinical Evaluation and Chest X-ray for HFpEF Diagnosis: Comparison Against Right Heart Catheterization. Am J Cardiol 2023; 206:219-220. [PMID: 37708754 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Rahi
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Imad Hussain
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Duc T Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX
| | - Edward A Graviss
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX; Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | | | - Sherif F Nagueh
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas.
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13
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Georges G, Fudim M, Burkhoff D, Leon MB, Généreux P. Patient Selection and End Point Definitions for Decongestion Studies in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Part 1. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR ANGIOGRAPHY & INTERVENTIONS 2023; 2:101060. [PMID: 39131061 PMCID: PMC11307876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure, acute decompensated heart failure remains associated with significant mortality and morbidity because many novel therapies have failed to demonstrate meaningful benefit. Persistent congestion in the setting of escalating diuretic therapy has been repeatedly shown to be a marker of poor prognosis and is currently being targeted by various emerging device-based therapies. Because these therapies inherently carry procedural risk, patient selection is key in the future trial design. However, it remains unclear which patients are at a higher risk of residual congestion or adverse outcomes despite maximally tolerated decongestive therapy. In the first part of this 2-part review, we aimed to outline patient risk factors and summarize current evidence for early recognition of high-risk profile for residual congestion and adverse outcomes. These factors are classified as relating to the following: (1) previous clinical course, (2) severity of congestion, (3) diuretic response, and (4) degree of renal impairment. We also aimed to provide an overview of key inclusion criteria in recent acute decompensated heart failure trials and investigational device studies and propose potential criteria for selection of high-risk patients in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Georges
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marat Fudim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Martin B. Leon
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Philippe Généreux
- Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey
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14
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Grinstein J, Sinha SS, Goswami RM, Patel PA, Cyrille-Superville N, Neyestanak ME, Feliberti JP, Snipelisky DF, Devore AD, Najjar SS, Jeng EI, Rao SD. Variation in Hemodynamic Assessment and Interpretation: A Call to Standardize the Right Heart Catheterization. J Card Fail 2023; 29:1507-1518. [PMID: 37352965 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive hemodynamic measurement via right heart catheterization has shown divergent data in its role in the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF) and cardiogenic shock. We hypothesized that variation in data acquisition technique and interpretation might contribute to these observations. We sought to assess differences in hemodynamic acquisition and interpretation by operator subspecialty as well as level of experience. METHODS AND RESULTS Individual-level responses to how physicians both collect and interpret hemodynamic data at the time of right heart catheterization was solicited via a survey distributed to international professional societies in HF and interventional cardiology. Data were stratified both by operator subspecialty (HF specialists or interventional cardiologists [IC]) and operator experience (early career [≤10 years from training] or late career [>10 years from training]) to determine variations in clinical practice. For the sensitivity analysis, we also look at differences in each subgroup. A total of 261 responses were received. There were 141 clinicians (52%) who self-identified as HF specialists, 99 (38%) identified as IC, and 20 (8%) identified as other. There were 142 early career providers (54%) and late career providers (119 [46%]). When recording hemodynamic values, there was considerable variation in practice patterns, regardless of subspecialty or level of experience for the majority of the intracardiac variables. There was no agreement or mild agreement among HF and IC as to when to record right atrial pressures or pulmonary capillary wedge pressures. HF cardiologists were more likely to routinely measure both Fick and thermodilution cardiac output compared with IC (51% vs 29%, P < .001), something mirrored in early career vs later career cardiologists. CONCLUSIONS Significant variation exists between the acquisition and interpretation of right heart catheterization measurements between HF and IC, as well as those early and late in their careers. With the growth of the heart team approach to management of patients in cardiogenic shock, standardization of both assessment and management practices is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Grinstein
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Shashank S Sinha
- Division of Cardiology, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax Virginia
| | - Rohan M Goswami
- Division of Transplant, Research and Innovation, Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville Florida
| | - Priyesh A Patel
- Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Maryam E Neyestanak
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason P Feliberti
- University of South Florida Heart and Vascular Institute, Transplant Cardiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - David F Snipelisky
- Section of Heart Failure & Cardiac Transplant Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Adam D Devore
- Division of Cardiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samer S Najjar
- Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Eric I Jeng
- Department of surgery, Division of cardiovascular surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sriram D Rao
- Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University, Department of Medicine, Washington DC
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15
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Maruichi-Kawakami S, Nagao K, Aida K, Matsuto K, Imamoto K, Tamura A, Takazaki T, Nakatsu T, Tanaka M, Nakayama S, Morimoto T, Kimura T, Inada T. Peripheral Venous Pressure Measurements to Evaluate Congestion in Heart Failure. J Card Fail 2023; 29:1319-1323. [PMID: 35042656 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate bedside assessment of congestion in the management of patients with heart failure remains challenging. As a continuous conduit of circulating fluid, systemic congestion represented by high right atrial pressure (RAP) may be reflected by peripheral venous pressure (PVP). We evaluated the reliability of PVP measurements for assessing congestion beyond conventional clinical assessments. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed conventional congestion assessments and PVP measurements in 95 patients undergoing pulmonary artery catheterization. PVP was measured via the 22-gauge peripheral venous access placed in the upper extremity. The median RAP and PVP was 7 (interquartile range [IQR]: 5-11) mmHg and 9 (IQR: 7-12) mmHg, respectively, with a mean bias of 1.8 ± 2.6 mmHg. PVP exhibited a strong linear correlation with RAP (Spearman R = 0.81; P < 0.001). PVP demonstrated greater discriminatory power for both RAP ≤ 8 mmHg (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.91 [95% confidence interval: 0.85-0.97]; sensitivity: 75%; specificity: 87%) and RAP > 12 mmHg (AUC: 0.98 [0.95-1.00]; sensitivity: 88%; specificity: 95%) than edema, jugular venous pressure, pulmonary congestion on chest radiograph, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and inferior vena cava diameter. CONCLUSIONS PVP measured via peripheral venous access strongly correlates with invasively obtained RAP. PVP measurements may improve current bedside assessments of congestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuya Nagao
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kenji Aida
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Matsuto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Imamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akinori Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taro Nakatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Nakayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Inada
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Aida K, Nagao K, Kato T, Yaku H, Morimoto T, Inuzuka Y, Tamaki Y, Yamamoto E, Yoshikawa Y, Kitai T, Taniguchi R, Iguchi M, Kato M, Takahashi M, Jinnai T, Kawai T, Komasa A, Nishikawa R, Kawase Y, Morinaga T, Su K, Kawato M, Seko Y, Inada T, Inoko M, Toyofuku M, Furukawa Y, Nakagawa Y, Ando K, Kadota K, Shizuta S, Ono K, Sato Y, Kuwahara K, Ozasa N, Kimura T. Prognostic Value of the Severity of Clinical Congestion in Patients Hospitalized for Decompensated Heart Failure: Findings From the Japanese KCHF Registry. J Card Fail 2023; 29:1150-1162. [PMID: 36690136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congestion is a leading cause of hospitalization and a major therapeutic target in patients with heart failure (HF). Clinical practice in Japan is characterized by a long hospital stay, which facilitates more extensive decongestion during hospitalization. We herein examined the time course and prognostic impact of clinical congestion in a large contemporary Japanese cohort of HF. METHODS AND RESULTS Peripheral edema, jugular venous pressure, and orthopnea were graded on a standardized 4-point scale (0-3) in 3787 hospitalized patients in a Japanese cohort of HF. Composite Congestion Scores (CCS) on admission and at discharge were calculated by summing individual scores. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or HF hospitalization. The median admission CCS was 4 (interquartile range, 3-6). Overall, 255 patients died during the median hospitalization length of 16 days, and 1395 died or were hospitalized for HF over a median postdischarge follow-up of 396 days. The cumulative 1-year incidence of the primary outcome increased at higher tertiles of congestion on admission (32.5%, 39.3%, and 41.0% in the mild [CCS ≤3], moderate [CCS = 4 or 5], and severe [CCS ≥6] congestion groups, respectively, log-rank P < .001). The adjusted hazard ratios of moderate and severe congestion relative to mild congestion were 1.205 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.065-1.365; P = .003) and 1.247 (95% CI, 1.103-1.410; P < .001), respectively. Among 3445 patients discharged alive, 85% had CCS of 0 (complete decongestion) and 15% had a CCS of 1 or more (residual congestion) at discharge. Although residual congestion predicted a risk of postdischarge death or HF hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.314 [1.145-1.509]; P < .001), the admission CCS correlated with the risk of postdischarge death or HF hospitalization, even in the complete decongestion group. No correlation was observed for postdischarge death or HF hospitalization between residual congestion at discharge and admission CCS (P for the interaction = .316). CONCLUSIONS In total, 85% of patients were discharged with complete decongestion in Japanese clinical practice. Clinical congestion, on admission and at discharge, was of prognostic value. The severity of congestion on admission was predictive of adverse outcomes, even in the absence of residual congestion. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02334891 (NCT02334891) https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017241 (UMIN000015238).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Aida
- Cardiovascular center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nagao
- Cardiovascular center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takao Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Yaku
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Inuzuka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shiga Medical Center for Adult, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yodo Tamaki
- Division of Cardiology, Tenri Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Erika Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Taniguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Moritake Iguchi
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kanae Su
- Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | | | - Tsukasa Inada
- Cardiovascular center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Yutaka Furukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nakagawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Kenji Ando
- Kokura Memorial Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Shizuta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koh Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukihito Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Neiko Ozasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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17
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Hyun J, Cho JY, Youn JC, Kim D, Cho DH, Park SM, Jung MH, Cho HJ, Park SM, Choi JO, Chung WJ, Yoo BS, Kang SM. Korean Society of Heart Failure Guidelines for the Management of Heart Failure: Advanced and Acute Heart Failure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE 2023; 5:111-126. [PMID: 37554692 PMCID: PMC10406557 DOI: 10.36628/ijhf.2023.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The Korean Society of Heart Failure (KSHF) Guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations based on Korean and international data to guide adequate diagnosis and management of heart failure (HF). Since introduction of 2017 edition of the guidelines, management of advanced HF has considerably improved, especially with advances in mechanical circulatory support and devices. The current guidelines addressed these improvements. In addition, we have included recently updated evidence-based recommendations regarding acute HF in these guidelines. In summary, Part IV of the KSHF Guidelines covers the appropriate diagnosis and optimized management of advanced and acute HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Hyun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Youn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Darae Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Cardiology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Mi Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wook-Jin Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byung-Su Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Hyun J, Cho JY, Youn JC, Kim D, Cho DH, Park SM, Jung MH, Cho HJ, Park SM, Choi JO, Chung WJ, Yoo BS, Kang SM. Korean Society of Heart Failure Guidelines for the Management of Heart Failure: Advanced and Acute Heart Failure. Korean Circ J 2023; 53:452-471. [PMID: 37525390 PMCID: PMC10406529 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2023.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Korean Society of Heart Failure (KSHF) Guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations based on Korean and international data to guide adequate diagnosis and management of heart failure (HF). Since introduction of 2017 edition of the guidelines, management of advanced HF has considerably improved, especially with advances in mechanical circulatory support and devices. The current guidelines addressed these improvements. In addition, we have included recently updated evidence-based recommendations regarding acute HF in these guidelines. In summary, Part IV of the KSHF Guidelines covers the appropriate diagnosis and optimized management of advanced and acute HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Hyun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Youn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Darae Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Cardiology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Mi Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wook-Jin Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byung-Su Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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19
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Behnoush AH, Khalaji A, Naderi N, Ashraf H, von Haehling S. ACC/AHA/HFSA 2022 and ESC 2021 guidelines on heart failure comparison. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:1531-1544. [PMID: 36460629 PMCID: PMC10192289 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2022 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Failure Society of America (ACC/AHA/HFSA) and the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) both provide evidence-based guides for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure (HF). In this review, we aimed to compare recommendations suggested by these guidelines highlighting the differences and latest evidence mentioned in each of the guidelines. While the staging of HF depends on left ventricular ejection fraction, the Universal Definition of HF, suggested in 2021, is described in 2022 ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines. Both guidelines recommend invasive and non-invasive tests to diagnose. Despite being identical in the backbone, some differences exist in medical therapy and devices, which can be partially attributed to the recent trials published that are presented in the American guidelines. The recommendation of implantable cardioverter defibrillator for prevention in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients, made by ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines, is among the bold differences. It seems that ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines emphasize the quality of life, cost-effectiveness, and optimization of care given to patients. On the other hand, the ESC guidelines provide recommendations for certain comorbidities. This comparison can guide clinicians in choosing the proper approach for their own settings and the writing committees in addressing the differences in order to have better consistency in future guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nasim Naderi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Haleh Ashraf
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center (CPPRC), Cardiovascular Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and PneumologyUniversity of Göttingen Medical CenterGöttingenGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site GöttingenGöttingenGermany
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20
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Fortuni F, Zilio F, Iannopollo G, Ciliberti G, Trambaiolo P, Ceriello L, Musella F, Scicchitano P, Albani S, Di Fusco SA, Gulizia MM, Gabrielli D, Oliva F, Colivicchi F. Management of temporary mechanical circulatory support devices in cath-lab and cardiac intensive care unit. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. IMAGING METHODS AND PRACTICE 2023; 1:qyad011. [PMID: 39044800 PMCID: PMC11195697 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Different temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices are available and can be used to maintain end-organ perfusion while reducing cardiac work and myocardial oxygen demand. tMCS can provide support to the right ventricle, left ventricle, or both, and its use can be considered in emergency situations such as cardiogenic shock or in elective procedures such as high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention to prevent haemodynamic deterioration. Invasive and, most importantly, non-invasive haemodynamic parameters should be taken into account when choosing the type of tMCS device and its initiation and weaning timing, determining the need for a device upgrade, and screening for complications. In this context, ultrasound tools, specifically echocardiography, can provide important data. This review aims to provide a description of the different tMCS devices, the invasive and non-invasive tools and parameters to guide their management, and their advantages and drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Fortuni
- Department of Cardiology, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, via Massimo Arcamone, CAP 06034, Foligno (PG), Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2330RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Zilio
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Iannopollo
- Department of Cardiology, Maggiore Hospital Carlo Alberto Pizzardi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ciliberti
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, Marche University Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Laura Ceriello
- Cardiology Department, Ospedale Civile G. Mazzini, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Musella
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cardiology Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Albani
- Division of Cardiology, U. Parini Hospital, Aosta, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute Paris Sud, Massy, France
| | | | | | - Domenico Gabrielli
- Cardio-Toraco-Vascular Department, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Oliva
- Cardiologia 1, A. De Gasperis Cardicocenter, ASST Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Furio Colivicchi
- Clinical and Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy
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21
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Niimi N, Kohsaka S, Shiraishi Y, Takei M, Kohno T, Nakano S, Nagatomo Y, Sakamoto M, Saji M, Ikemura N, Inohara T, Ueda I, Fukuda K, Yoshikawa T. Which congestion presentation pattern on the physical findings is associated with future adverse events? A cluster analysis in the multicenter acute heart failure registry. Clin Res Cardiol 2023:10.1007/s00392-023-02201-8. [PMID: 37046152 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical congestion is the most frequent reason for hospital admission in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). However, few studies have investigated the patterns and prognostic implication of the physical congestion using unbiased and robust statistical methods. METHODS A hierarchical agglomerative clustering analysis was performed in the multicenter Japanese AHF registry (N = 3151) with the distance calculated by Jaccard's distance for jugular vein distention (JVD), leg edema, S3, crackles, and orthopnea. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death and heart failure readmission within 1-year. RESULTS At the time of admission, the median number of prevalent congestive signs was 2. We identified three phenogroups: 'no physical congestions' (N = 251); 'congestion without JVD' (N = 1415); and 'congestion with JVD' (N = 1495). Patients in 'no physical congestion' were the youngest (median 75 [62, 83] years) with the lowest systolic blood pressure (122 [106, 142] mmHg). Patients in 'congestion without JVD', and 'congestion with JVD' were similar in terms of age (77 [67, 84] vs. 78 [69, 84] years) and systolic blood pressure (138 [118, 160] vs. 137 [118, 158] mmHg). While 30-day mortality was similar (4.0%, 3.7%, and 4.3% in 'no physical congestion,' 'congestion without JVD,' and 'congestion with JVD', respectively), the patients in 'congestion with JVD' were at the highest risk for the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio 1.79, 95% CI 1.26-2.55 when 'no physical congestion' was a reference). CONCLUSIONS Our clustering analysis demonstrated that congestion signs, particularly JVD, allowed identification of AHF phenogroups with distinct clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Niimi
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Shiraishi
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Takei
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagatomo
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Munehisa Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mike Saji
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ikemura
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Inohara
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Ueda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Raghu A, Schlesinger D, Pomerantsev E, Devireddy S, Shah P, Garasic J, Guttag J, Stultz CM. ECG-guided non-invasive estimation of pulmonary congestion in patients with heart failure. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3923. [PMID: 36894601 PMCID: PMC9998622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30900-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying hemodynamic severity in patients with heart failure (HF) is an integral part of clinical care. A key indicator of hemodynamic severity is the mean Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (mPCWP), which is ideally measured invasively. Accurate non-invasive estimates of the mPCWP in patients with heart failure would help identify individuals at the greatest risk of a HF exacerbation. We developed a deep learning model, HFNet, that uses the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) together with age and sex to identify when the mPCWP > 18 mmHg in patients who have a prior diagnosis of HF. The model was developed using retrospective data from the Massachusetts General Hospital and evaluated on both an internal test set and an independent external validation set, from another institution. We developed an uncertainty score that identifies when model performance is likely to be poor, thereby helping clinicians gauge when to trust a given model prediction. HFNet AUROC for the task of estimating mPCWP > 18 mmHg was 0.8 [Formula: see text] 0.01 and 0.[Formula: see text] 0.01 on the internal and external datasets, respectively. The AUROC on predictions with the highest uncertainty are 0.50 [Formula: see text] 0.02 (internal) and 0.[Formula: see text] 0.04 (external), while the AUROC on predictions with the lowest uncertainty were 0.86 ± 0.01 (internal) and 0.82 ± 0.01 (external). Using estimates of the prevalence of mPCWP > 18 mmHg in patients with reduced ventricular function, and a decision threshold corresponding to an 80% sensitivity, the calculated positive predictive value (PPV) is 0.[Formula: see text] 0.01when the corresponding chest x-ray (CXR) is consistent with interstitial edema HF. When the CXR is not consistent with interstitial edema, the estimated PPV is 0.[Formula: see text] 0.02, again at an 80% sensitivity threshold. HFNet can accurately predict elevated mPCWP in patients with HF using the 12-lead ECG and age/sex. The method also identifies cohorts in which the model is more/less likely to produce accurate outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddh Raghu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 36-796, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daphne Schlesinger
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 36-796, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Eugene Pomerantsev
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Srikanth Devireddy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pinak Shah
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joseph Garasic
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - John Guttag
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 36-796, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Collin M Stultz
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 36-796, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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23
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Haag S, Jobs A, Stiermaier T, Fichera CF, Paitazoglou C, Eitel I, Desch S, Thiele H. Lack of correlation between different congestion markers in acute decompensated heart failure. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:75-86. [PMID: 35648271 PMCID: PMC9849150 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalizations for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) are commonly associated with congestion-related signs and symptoms. Objective and quantitative markers of congestion have been identified, but there is limited knowledge regarding the correlation between these markers. METHODS Patients hospitalized for ADHF irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction were included in a prospective registry. Assessment of congestion markers (e.g., NT-proBNP, maximum inferior vena cava diameter, dyspnea using visual analogue scale, and a clinical congestion score) was performed systematically on admission and at discharge. Telephone interviews were performed to assess clinical events, i.e., all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause, after discharge. Missing values were handled by multiple imputation. RESULTS In total, 130 patients were prospectively enrolled. Median length of hospitalization was 9 days (interquartile range 6 to 16). All congestion markers declined from admission to discharge (p < 0.001). No correlation between the congestion markers could be identified, neither on admission nor at discharge. The composite endpoint of all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause occurred in 46.2% of patients. Only NT-proBNP at discharge was predictive for this outcome (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.90, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION No correlation between quantitative congestion markers was observed. Only NT-proBNP at discharge was significantly associated with the composite endpoint of all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause. Findings indicate that the studied congestion markers reflect different aspects of congestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Haag
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Jobs
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany ,Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiermaier
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carlo-Federico Fichera
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christina Paitazoglou
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingo Eitel
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Steffen Desch
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany ,Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany ,Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
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24
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de la Espriella R, Amiguet M, Miñana G, Rodríguez JC, Moyano P, Segarra D, Fernández J, Santas E, Núñez G, Lorenzo M, Bonanad C, Alania E, Valle A, Sanchis J, Bodí V, Górriz JL, Navarro J, Codina P, Voors AA, Bayés-Genís A, Núñez J. Bending oxygen saturation index and risk of worsening heart failure events in chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2022; 24:2108-2117. [PMID: 36054502 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Bendopnea is a clinical symptom of advanced heart failure with uncertain prognostic value. We aimed to evaluate whether bendopnea and the change in oxygen saturation when bending forward (bending oxygen saturation index [BOSI]) are associated with adverse outcomes in ambulatory chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We prospectively evaluated 440 subjects with symptomatic CHF. BOSI was defined as the difference between sitting and bending oxygen saturation (SpO2 ). The endpoint was the total number of worsening heart failure (WHF) events (heart failure hospitalization or urgent heart failure visit requiring parenteral diuretic therapy). The mean age was 74 ± 10 years, 257 (58.6%) were male, and 226 (51.4%) had a left ventricular ejection fraction <50%. Bendopnea was present in 94 (21.4%) patients, and 120 (27.3%) patients had a BOSI ≥-3%. The agreement between BOSI ≥-3% and bendopnea was moderate (Gwet's AC 0.482, p < 0.001). At a median (p25%-p75%) follow-up of 2.17 years (0.88-3.16), we registered 441 WHF events in 148 patients. After multivariable adjustment, BOSI was independently associated with the risk for total WHF episodes (overall, p < 0.001). Compared to improvement/no change in SpO2 when bending (BOSI 0%), those with BOSI ≥-3% showed an increased risk of WHF events (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67-2.79; p < 0.001). In contrast, bendopnea was not associated with the risk of total WHF episodes (IRR 1.04, 95% CI 0.83-1.31; p = 0.705). CONCLUSIONS In ambulatory and stable CHF patients, BOSI ≥-3% and not bendopnea was independently associated with an increased risk of total (first and recurrent) WHF episodes. Awareness of SpO2 while assessing bendopnea may be a useful tool for predicting heart failure decompensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de la Espriella
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Martina Amiguet
- Cardiology Department, Hospital General de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | - Gema Miñana
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Moyano
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Segarra
- Hospital Politécnico Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Fernández
- Gestión Sanitaria, Conselleria de Sanidad, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Santas
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Lorenzo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Bonanad
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Edgardo Alania
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de Denia, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alfonso Valle
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de Denia, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicent Bodí
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Górriz
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Nephrology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Navarro
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Codina
- Institut del Cor, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain.,Institut del Cor, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Cuthbert JJ, Pellicori P, Clark AL. Optimal Management of Heart Failure and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Challenges. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:7961-7975. [PMID: 36317097 PMCID: PMC9617562 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s295467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common causes of breathlessness which frequently co-exist; one potentially exacerbating the other. Distinguishing between the two can be challenging due to their similar symptomatology and overlapping risk factors, but a timely and correct diagnosis is potentially lifesaving. Modern treatment for HF can substantially improve symptoms and prognosis for many patients and may have beneficial effects for patients with COPD. Conversely, while many inhaled treatments for COPD can improve symptoms and reduce exacerbations, there is conflicting evidence regarding the safety of some inhaled treatments for COPD in patients with HF. Here we explore the overlap between HF and COPD, examine the effect of one condition on the other, and address the challenges of managing patients with both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Cuthbert
- Centre for Clinical Sciences, Hull York Medical School, Kingston Upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, UK,Department of Cardiology, Hull University Teaching Hospital Trust, Kingston Upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, UK,Correspondence: Joseph J Cuthbert, Department of Cardiorespiratory Medicine, Centre for Clinical Sciences, Hull York Medical School, Hull and East Yorkshire Medical Research and Teaching Centre, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, Kingston Upon Hull, HU16 5JQ, UK, Tel +44 1482 461776, Fax +44 1482 461779, Email
| | - Pierpaolo Pellicori
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Glasgow Clinical Trials Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew L Clark
- Department of Cardiology, Hull University Teaching Hospital Trust, Kingston Upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, UK
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26
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Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Valente S, Stefanini A, Carluccio E, Ambrosio G. Non-invasive assessment of acute heart failure by Stevenson classification: Does echocardiographic examination recognize different phenotypes? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:911578. [PMID: 36237905 PMCID: PMC9551647 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.911578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute heart failure (AHF) presentation is universally classified in relation to the presence or absence of congestion and the peripheral perfusion condition according to the Stevenson diagram. We sought to evaluate a relationship existing between clinical assessment and echocardiographic evaluation in patients with AHF. Materials and methods This is a retrospective blinded multicenter analysis assessing both clinical and echocardiographic analyses during the early hospital admission for AHF. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the Stevenson presentation: group A (warm and dry), group B (cold and dry), group C (warm and wet), and group D (cold and wet). Echocardiographic evaluation was executed within 12 h from the first clinical evaluation. The following parameters were measured: left ventricular (LV) volumes, LV ejection fraction (LVEF); pattern Doppler by E/e1 ratio, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and inferior cave vein diameter (ICV). Results We studied 208 patients, 10 in group A, 16 in group B, 153 in group C, and 29 in group D. Median age of our sample was 81 [69–86] years and the patients enrolled were mainly men (66.8%). Patients in groups C and A showed significant higher levels of systolic arterial pressures with respect to groups B and D (respectively, 130 [115–145] mmHg vs. 122 [119–130] mmHg vs. 92 [90–100] mmHg vs. 95 [90–100] mmHg, p < 0.001). Patients in groups A and C (warm) demonstrated significant higher values of LVEF with respect to patients in groups B and D (43 [34–49] vs. 42 [30–49] vs. 27 [15–31] vs. 30 [22–42]%, p < 0.001). Whereas group B experienced significant lower TAPSE values compared with other group (14 [12–17] mm vs. A: 17 [16–21] mm vs. C: 18 [14–20] mm vs. D: 16 [12–17] mm; p = 0.02). Finally, echocardiographic congestion score including PASP ≥ 40 mmHg, ICV ≥ 21, mm and E/e’ > 14 did not differ among groups. Follow-up analysis showed an increased mortality rate in D group (HR 8.2 p < 0.04). Conclusion The early Stevenson classification remains a simple and universally recognized approach for the detection of congestion and perfusion status. The combined clinical and echocardiographic assessment may be useful to better define the patients’ profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Palazzuoli
- Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Cardio Thoracic Department, Le Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alberto Palazzuoli,
| | - Gaetano Ruocco
- Cardiology Unit, Riuniti of Valdichiana Hospitals, USL-SUD-EST Toscana, Montepulciano, Italy
| | - Serafina Valente
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio Thoracic Department, Le Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Stefanini
- Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Cardio Thoracic Department, Le Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Erberto Carluccio
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Clinical and Translational Research – CERICLET, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ambrosio
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Clinical and Translational Research – CERICLET, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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27
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Pop-Busui R, Januzzi JL, Bruemmer D, Butalia S, Green JB, Horton WB, Knight C, Levi M, Rasouli N, Richardson CR. Heart Failure: An Underappreciated Complication of Diabetes. A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:1670-1690. [PMID: 35796765 PMCID: PMC9726978 DOI: 10.2337/dci22-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) has been recognized as a common complication of diabetes, with a prevalence of up to 22% in individuals with diabetes and increasing incidence rates. Data also suggest that HF may develop in individuals with diabetes even in the absence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, or valvular heart disease and, as such, represents a major cardiovascular complication in this vulnerable population; HF may also be the first presentation of cardiovascular disease in many individuals with diabetes. Given that during the past decade, the prevalence of diabetes (particularly type 2 diabetes) has risen by 30% globally (with prevalence expected to increase further), the burden of HF on the health care system will continue to rise. The scope of this American Diabetes Association consensus report with designated representation from the American College of Cardiology is to provide clear guidance to practitioners on the best approaches for screening and diagnosing HF in individuals with diabetes or prediabetes, with the goal to ensure access to optimal, evidence-based management for all and to mitigate the risks of serious complications, leveraging prior policy statements by the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Pop-Busui
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - James L. Januzzi
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Cardiometabolic Trials, Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA
| | - Dennis Bruemmer
- Center for Cardiometabolic Health, Section of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sonia Butalia
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer B. Green
- Division of Endocrinology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - William B. Horton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Colette Knight
- Inserra Family Diabetes Institute, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Hackensack, NJ
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Neda Rasouli
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Nagao K, Maruichi-Kawakami S, Aida K, Matsuto K, Imamoto K, Tamura A, Takazaki T, Nakatsu T, Tanaka M, Nakayama S, Morimoto T, Kimura T, Inada T. Association of peripheral venous pressure with adverse post-discharge outcomes in patients with acute heart failure: a prospective cohort study. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2022; 11:407-417. [PMID: 35511694 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Congestion is the major cause of hospitalization for heart failure (HF). Traditional bedside assessment of congestion is limited by insufficient accuracy. Peripheral venous pressure (PVP) has recently been shown to accurately predict central venous congestion. We examined the association between PVP before discharge and post-discharge outcomes in hospitalized patients with acute HF. METHODS AND RESULTS Bedside PVP measurement at the forearm vein and traditional clinical examination were performed in 239 patients. The association with the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization and the incremental prognostic value beyond the established HF risk score was examined. The PVP correlated with peripheral oedema, jugular venous pressure, and inferior vena cava diameter, but not with brain-type natriuretic peptide. The 1-year incidence of the primary outcome measure in the first, second, and third tertiles of PVP was 21.4, 29.9, and 40.7%, respectively (log-rank P = 0.017). The adjusted hazard ratio of PVP per 1 mmHg increase for the 1-year outcome was 1.08 [95% confidence interval (1.03-1.14), P = 0.004]. When added onto the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic HF risk score, PVP significantly increased the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for predicting the outcome [from 0.63 (0.56-0.71) to 0.70 (0.62-0.77), P = 0.02), while traditional assessments did not. The addition of PVP also yielded significant net reclassification improvement [0.46 (0.19-0.74), P < 0.001]. CONCLUSION The PVP at discharge correlated with prognosis. The results warrant further investigation to evaluate the clinical application of PVP measurement in the care of HF. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000034279.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Nagao
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shiori Maruichi-Kawakami
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Aida
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Matsuto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Imamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
| | - Akinori Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taro Nakatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Nakayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Inada
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki, Tennouji-ku, 543-8555 Osaka, Japan
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Mathew R, Fernando SM, Hu K, Parlow S, Di Santo P, Brodie D, Hibbert B. Optimal Perfusion Targets in Cardiogenic Shock. JACC. ADVANCES 2022; 1:100034. [PMID: 38939320 PMCID: PMC11198174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2022.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiology shock is a syndrome of low cardiac output resulting in end-organ dysfunction. Few interventions have demonstrated meaningful clinical benefit, and cardiogenic shock continues to carry significant morbidity with mortality rates that have plateaued at upwards of 40% over the past decade. Clinicians must rely on clinical, biochemical, and hemodynamic parameters to guide resuscitation. Several features, including physical examination, renal function, serum lactate metabolism, venous oxygen saturation, and hemodynamic markers of right ventricular function, may be useful both as prognostic markers and to guide therapy. This article aims to review these targets, their utility in the care of patients with cardiology shock, and their association with outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mathew
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon M. Fernando
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kira Hu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Parlow
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pietro Di Santo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Brodie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Hibbert
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Byun JJ, Colvin MM, Deswal A, Drazner MH, Dunlay SM, Evers LR, Fang JC, Fedson SE, Fonarow GC, Hayek SS, Hernandez AF, Khazanie P, Kittleson MM, Lee CS, Link MS, Milano CA, Nnacheta LC, Sandhu AT, Stevenson LW, Vardeny O, Vest AR, Yancy CW. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2022; 145:e895-e1032. [PMID: 35363499 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 761] [Impact Index Per Article: 380.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure" replaces the "2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure" and the "2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure." The 2022 guideline is intended to provide patient-centric recommendations for clinicians to prevent, diagnose, and manage patients with heart failure. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 2020 to December 2020, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other relevant databases. Additional relevant clinical trials and research studies, published through September 2021, were also considered. This guideline was harmonized with other American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines published through December 2021. Structure: Heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The 2022 heart failure guideline provides recommendations based on contemporary evidence for the treatment of these patients. The recommendations present an evidence-based approach to managing patients with heart failure, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients' interests. Many recommendations from the earlier heart failure guidelines have been updated with new evidence, and new recommendations have been created when supported by published data. Value statements are provided for certain treatments with high-quality published economic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anita Deswal
- ACC/AHA Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines Liaison
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Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States with an estimated 6 million adults living with heart failure. In patients with heart failure, the physical examination can provide important prognostic information and is also used to guide both diagnosis and management, including determining the need for inpatient versus outpatient management. Presenting symptoms include dyspnea, peripheral edema, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and bendopnea. In patients with suspected heart failure, a "head-to-toe" physical examination approach is recommended with the addition of special maneuvers such as the measurement of jugular venous pressure, valsalva maneuver, and hepatojugular reflux as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4860 Y Street Suite 0100, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Paul Aronowitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4150 V Street Suite 3100 PSSB, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Rali AS, Butcher A, Tedford RJ, Sinha SS, Mekki P, Van Spall HGC, Sauer AJ. Contemporary Review of Hemodynamic Monitoring in the Critical Care Setting. US CARDIOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.15420/usc.2021.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic assessment remains the most valuable adjunct to physical examination and laboratory assessment in the diagnosis and management of shock. Through the years, multiple modalities to measure and trend hemodynamic indices have evolved with varying degrees of invasiveness. Pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) has long been considered the gold standard of hemodynamic assessment in critically ill patients and in recent years has been shown to improve clinical outcomes among patients in cardiogenic shock. The invasive nature of PAC is often cited as its major limitation and has encouraged development of less invasive technologies. In this review, the authors summarize the literature on the mechanism and validation of several minimally invasive and noninvasive modalities available in the contemporary intensive care unit. They also provide an update on the use of focused bedside echocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket S Rali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Amy Butcher
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and Critical Care, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ryan J Tedford
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Shashank S Sinha
- Division of Cardiology, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, VA
| | - Pakinam Mekki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Harriette GC Van Spall
- Department of Medicine, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew J Sauer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Byun JJ, Colvin MM, Deswal A, Drazner MH, Dunlay SM, Evers LR, Fang JC, Fedson SE, Fonarow GC, Hayek SS, Hernandez AF, Khazanie P, Kittleson MM, Lee CS, Link MS, Milano CA, Nnacheta LC, Sandhu AT, Stevenson LW, Vardeny O, Vest AR, Yancy CW. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 79:e263-e421. [PMID: 35379503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 891] [Impact Index Per Article: 445.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure" replaces the "2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure" and the "2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure." The 2022 guideline is intended to provide patient-centric recommendations for clinicians to prevent, diagnose, and manage patients with heart failure. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 2020 to December 2020, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other relevant databases. Additional relevant clinical trials and research studies, published through September 2021, were also considered. This guideline was harmonized with other American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines published through December 2021. STRUCTURE Heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The 2022 heart failure guideline provides recommendations based on contemporary evidence for the treatment of these patients. The recommendations present an evidence-based approach to managing patients with heart failure, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients' interests. Many recommendations from the earlier heart failure guidelines have been updated with new evidence, and new recommendations have been created when supported by published data. Value statements are provided for certain treatments with high-quality published economic analyses.
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Polcz M, Huston J, Breed M, Case M, Leisy P, Schmeckpeper J, Vaughn L, Sobey JH, Brophy C, Lindenfeld J, Hocking K, Alvis B. Comparison of clinical symptoms and bioimpedance to pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in heart failure. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 15:100133. [PMID: 35600671 PMCID: PMC9119644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Clinical symptoms of heart failure commonly include fatigue, edema, and shortness of breath. Unfortunately, clinical monitoring has proven unreliable in predicting congestion and the need for hospitalization. Biosensing wearables have been developed as a potential adjunct to clinical signs and symptoms to detect congestion before it becomes severe thus preventing a heart failure hospitalization. Hypothesis Clinical signs and symptoms of heart failure will correlate with thoracic bioimpedance measurements (ZOE®) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Methods One hundred and fifty-five subjects undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) were prospectively enrolled. A Zo value (ohms) was obtained, jugular venous pressure (JVP) was estimated, edema graded, and shortness of breath (SOB) assessed in all subjects. RHC was performed by a scheduled cardiologist per routine. One-way ANOVA was performed to assess the relationship between variables. A Pearson correlation coefficient was used to compare the Zo value and PCWP. Results Neither estimated JVP (cmH2O) (p = 0.65, n = 110) nor edema scores (p = 0.12, n = 110) demonstrated a significant relationship to PCWP. The presence of subjective SOB also did not demonstrate a significant association with PCWP (p = 0.99, n = 110). There was no correlation between ZOE® and PCWP (r = -0.08, p = 0.56, n = 56). Conclusions These findings support the idea that traditional measures for monitoring heart failure patients are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Polcz
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jessica Huston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Meghan Breed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marisa Case
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip Leisy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schmeckpeper
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lexie Vaughn
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jenna Helmer Sobey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Colleen Brophy
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - JoAnn Lindenfeld
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyle Hocking
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bret Alvis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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de la Espriella R, Santas E, Zegri Reiriz I, Górriz JL, Cobo Marcos M, Núñez J. Quantification and treatment of congestion in heart failure: A clinical and pathophysiological overview. Nefrologia 2022; 42:145-162. [PMID: 36153911 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal sodium and water retention with resulting extracellular volume expansion and redistribution are hallmark features of heart failure syndromes. However, congestion assessment, monitoring, and treatment represent a real challenge in daily clinical practice. This document reviewed historical and contemporary evidence of available methods for determining volume status and discuss pharmacological aspects and pathophysiological principles that underlie diuretic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de la Espriella
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Spain
| | - Enrique Santas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Spain
| | - Isabel Zegri Reiriz
- Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Górriz
- Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Spain; Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Cobo Marcos
- Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Spain
| | - Julio Núñez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Spain.
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Schlesinger DE, Diamant N, Raghu A, Reinertsen E, Young K, Batra P, Pomerantsev E, Stultz CM. A Deep Learning Model for Inferring Elevated Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressures From the 12-Lead Electrocardiogram. JACC. ADVANCES 2022; 1:100003. [PMID: 38939079 PMCID: PMC11198366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2022.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Central hemodynamic parameters are typically measured via pulmonary artery catherization-an invasive procedure that involves some risk to the patient and is not routinely available in all settings. Objectives This study sought to develop a noninvasive method to identify elevated mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mPCWP). Methods We leveraged data from 248,955 clinical records at the Massachusetts General Hospital to develop a deep learning model that can infer when the mPCWP >15 mmHg using the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Of these data, 242,216 records were used to pre-train a model that generates useful ECG representations. The remaining 6,739 records contain encounters with direct measurements of the mPCWP. Eighty percent of these data were used for model development and testing (5,390), and the remaining records comprise a holdout set (1,349) that was used to evaluate the model. We developed an associated unreliability score that identifies when model predictions are likely to be untrustworthy. Results The model achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.80 ± 0.02 (test set) and 0.79 ± 0.01 (holdout set). Model performance varies as a function of the unreliability, where patients with high unreliability scores correspond to a subgroup where model performance is poor: for example, patients in the holdout set with unreliability scores in the highest decile have a reduced AUC of 0.70 ± 0.06. Conclusions The mPCWP can be inferred from the ECG, and the reliability of this inference can be measured. When invasive monitoring cannot be expeditiously performed, deep learning models may provide information that can inform clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne E. Schlesinger
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Aniruddh Raghu
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erik Reinertsen
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Young
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Puneet Batra
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eugene Pomerantsev
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Collin M. Stultz
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wang L, Harrison J, Dranow E, Aliyev N, Khor L. Accuracy of Ultrasound Jugular Venous Pressure Height in Predicting Central Venous Congestion. Ann Intern Med 2022; 175:344-351. [PMID: 34958600 DOI: 10.7326/m21-2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of volume status through the estimation of central venous pressure (CVP) is integral in the care of heart failure (HF). Bedside assessment is limited by obesity, variation in physical examination skills, and expertise in ultrasonography. OBJECTIVE To validate the accuracy of quantitative and qualitative point-of-care ultrasonography assessment of jugular venous pressure (JVP) in predicting elevated CVP. DESIGN Prospective observational study using convenience sampling. SETTING 2 U.S. academic hospitals. PATIENTS Adult patients undergoing right heart catheterization between 5 February 2019 and 1 March 2021. MEASUREMENTS Estimation of the JVP height by handheld ultrasound device (uJVP), JVP by traditional physical examination, and qualitative presence of a distended uJVP in the upright position (upright-uJVP) was done before invasive measurements. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis of the uJVP was compared with invasive hemodynamics. RESULTS In 100 participants undergoing right heart catheterization for HF indications (mean age, 59.6 years; 44% with preserved ejection fraction), the uJVP in a reclined position accurately predicted elevated right atrial pressure (RAP) (>10 mm Hg), with an area under the curve of 0.84. A positive uJVP in the upright position was 94.6% specific for predicting elevated RAP. LIMITATION Limited examiners, only 2 centers, and convenience sampling. CONCLUSION Point-of-care ultrasonography assessment of the uJVP is feasible, reproducible, and accurately predictive of elevated CVPs in patients undergoing right heart catheterization. Further investigation of clinical application of ultrasound-measured JVP seems warranted. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (L.W., J.H., E.D.)
| | - Jonathan Harrison
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (L.W., J.H., E.D.)
| | - Elizabeth Dranow
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (L.W., J.H., E.D.)
| | - Nijat Aliyev
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (N.A.)
| | - Lillian Khor
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah (L.K.)
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Kobayashi M, Douair A, Coiro S, Giacomin G, Bassand A, Jaeger D, Duarte K, Huttin O, Zannad F, Rossignol P, Chouihed T, Girerd N. A Combination of Chest Radiography and Estimated Plasma Volume May Predict In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:752915. [PMID: 35087878 PMCID: PMC8787280 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.752915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) often display dyspnea associated with pulmonary congestion, along with intravascular congestion, both may result in urgent hospitalization and subsequent death. A combination of radiographic pulmonary congestion and plasma volume might screen patients with a high risk of in-hospital mortality in the emergency department (ED). Methods: In the pathway of dyspneic patients in emergency (PARADISE) cohort, patients admitted for acute HF were stratified into 4 groups based on high or low congestion score index (CSI, ranging from 0 to 3, high value indicating severe congestion) and estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) calculated from hemoglobin/hematocrit. Results: In a total of 252 patients (mean age, 81.9 years; male, 46.8%), CSI and ePVS were not correlated (Spearman rho <0 .10, p > 0.10). High CSI/high ePVS was associated with poorer renal function, but clinical congestion markers (i.e., natriuretic peptide) were comparable across CSI/ePVS categories. High CSI/high ePVS was associated with a four-fold higher risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted-OR, 95%CI = 4.20, 1.10-19.67) compared with low CSI/low ePVS, whereas neither high CSI nor ePVS alone was associated with poor prognosis (all-p-value > 0.10; Pinteraction = 0.03). High CSI/high ePVS improved a routine risk model (i.e., natriuretic peptide and lactate)(NRI = 46.9%, p = 0.02), resulting in high prediction of risk of in-hospital mortality (AUC = 0.85, 0.82-0.89). Conclusion: In patients hospitalized for acute HF with relatively old age and comorbidity burdens, a combination of CSI and ePVS was associated with a risk of in-hospital death, and improved prognostic performance on top of a conventional risk model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatake Kobayashi
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amine Douair
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Stefano Coiro
- Division of Cardiology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gaetan Giacomin
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Adrien Bassand
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Déborah Jaeger
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Kevin Duarte
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Huttin
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Tahar Chouihed
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM 1116, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Girerd
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Mantoo M, Sharma V, Chaudhary S, Seth S. Clinical evaluation of heart failure: A clinical case discussion of a patient with rheumatic heart disease. JOURNAL OF THE PRACTICE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_29_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kolupoti A, Fudim M, Pandey A, Kucharska-Newton A, Hall ME, Vaduganathan M, Mentz RJ, Caughey MC. Temporal Trends and Prognosis of Physical Examination Findings in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The ARIC Study Community Surveillance. Circ Heart Fail 2021; 14:e008403. [PMID: 34702047 PMCID: PMC8692393 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.121.008403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bedside evaluation of congestion is a mainstay of heart failure (HF) management. Whether detected physical examination signs have changed over time as obesity prevalence has increased in HF populations, or if the associated prognosis differs for HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF or HFpEF) is uncertain. METHODS From 2005 to 2014, the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) conducted adjudicated hospital surveillance of acute decompensated HF. We analyzed trends in physical examination findings, imaging signs, and symptoms related to congestion, both over time and by obesity class, and associated 28-day mortality risks. RESULTS Of 24 937 weighted hospitalizations for acute decompensated HF (mean age 75 years, 53% women, 32% Black), 47% had HFpEF. The prevalence of obesity increased from 2005 to 2014 for both HF types. With increasing obesity category, detected edema increased, while jugular venous distension decreased, and rales remained stable. Detected edema also increased over time, for both HF types. Associations between 28-day mortality and individual signs and symptoms of congestion were similar for HFpEF and HFrEF; however, the adjusted mortality risk with all 3 (edema, rales, and jugular venous distension) versus <3 physical examination findings was higher for patients with HFpEF (odds ratio, 2.41 [95% CI, 1.53-3.79]) than HFrEF (odds ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 0.87-1.93]); P for interaction by HF type =0.02. CONCLUSIONS In patients hospitalized with acute decompensated HF, detected physical examination findings differ both temporally and by obesity. Combined findings from the physical examination are more prognostic of 28-day mortality for patients with HFpEF than HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marat Fudim
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern; Dallas, TX
| | - Anna Kucharska-Newton
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky College of Public Health; Lexington, KY
| | - Michael E. Hall
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS
| | | | - Robert J. Mentz
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC
| | - Melissa C. Caughey
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University; Chapel Hill, NC
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Prognosis of acute heart failure based on clinical data of congestion. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 222:321-331. [PMID: 34756646 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This work aims to assess whether symptoms/signs of congestion in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) evaluated in hospital emergency departments (HED) allows for predicting short-term progress. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group comprised consecutive patients diagnosed with AHF in 45 HED from EAHFE Registry. We collected clinical variables of systemic congestion (edema in the lower extremities, jugular vein distention, hepatomegaly) and pulmonary congestion (dyspnea on exertion, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea, and pulmonary crackles) and analysed their individual and group association with all-cause 30-day of mortality crudely and adjusted for differences between groups. RESULTS We analysed 18,120 patients (median = 83 years, interquartile range [IQR] = 76-88; women = 55.7%). Of them, 44.6% had > 3 congestive symptoms/signs. Individually, the 30-day adjusted risk of death increased 14% for jugular vein distention (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 1.01-1.28) and 96% for dyspnea on exertion (HR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.55-2.49). Assessed jointly, the risk progressively increased with the number of symptoms/signs present; compared to patients without symptoms/signs of congestion, the risk increased by 109%, 123 %, and 156% in patients with 1-2, 3-5, and 6-7 symptoms/signs, respectively. These associations did not show interaction with the final disposition of the patient after their emergency care (discharge/hospitalization) with the exception of edema in the lower extremities, which had a better prognosis in discharged patients (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49-0.89) than hospitalised patients (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.65-1.57; interaction p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The presence of a greater number of congestive symptoms/signs was associated with greater all-cause 30-day mortality. Individually, jugular vein distention and dyspnea on exertion were associated with higher short-term mortality.
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Morris AA, Khazanie P, Drazner MH, Albert NM, Breathett K, Cooper LB, Eisen HJ, O'Gara P, Russell SD. Guidance for Timely and Appropriate Referral of Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 144:e238-e250. [PMID: 34503343 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Among the estimated 6.2 million Americans living with heart failure (HF), ≈5%/y may progress to advanced, or stage D, disease. Advanced HF has a high morbidity and mortality, such that early recognition of this condition is important to optimize care. Delayed referral or lack of referral in patients who are likely to derive benefit from an advanced HF evaluation can have important adverse consequences for patients and their families. A 2-step process can be used by practitioners when considering referral of a patient with advanced HF for consideration of advanced therapies, focused on recognizing the clinical clues associated with stage D HF and assessing potential benefits of referral to an advanced HF center. Although patients are often referred to an advanced HF center to undergo evaluation for advanced therapies such as heart transplantation or implantation of a left ventricular assist device, there are other reasons to refer, including access to the infrastructure and multidisciplinary team of the advanced HF center that offers a broad range of expertise. The intent of this statement is to provide a framework for practitioners and health systems to help identify and refer patients with HF who are most likely to derive benefit from referral to an advanced HF center.
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Pham DD, Drazner MH, Ayers CR, Grodin JL, Hardin EA, Garg S, Mammen PPA, Amin A, Araj FG, Morlend RM, Thibodeau JT. Identifying Discordance of Right- and Left-Ventricular Filling Pressures in Patients With Heart Failure by the Clinical Examination. Circ Heart Fail 2021; 14:e008779. [PMID: 34503353 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.121.008779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In ≈25% of patients with heart failure and reduced left-ventricular ejection fraction, right-ventricular (RV), and left-ventricular (LV) filling pressures are discordant (ie, one is elevated while the other is not). Whether clinical assessment allows detection of this discordance is unknown. We sought to determine the agreement of clinically versus invasively determined patterns of ventricular congestion. METHODS In 156 heart failure and reduced LV ejection fraction subjects undergoing invasive hemodynamic assessment, we categorized patterns of ventricular congestion (no congestion, RV only, LV only, or both) based on clinical findings of RV (jugular venous distention) or LV (hepatojugular reflux, orthopnea, or bendopnea) congestion. Agreement between clinically and invasively determined (RV congestion if right atrial pressure [RAP] ≥10 mm Hg and LV congestion if pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] ≥22 mm Hg) categorizations was the primary end point. RESULTS The frequency of clinical patterns of congestion was: 51% no congestion, 24% both RV and LV, 21% LV only, and 4% RV only. Jugular venous distention had excellent discrimination for elevated RAP (C=0.88). However, agreement between clinical and invasive congestion patterns was poor, к=0.44 (95% CI, 0.34-0.55). While those with no clinical congestion usually had low RAP and PCWP (67/79, 85%), over one-half (24/38, 64%) with isolated LV clinical congestion had PCWP <22 mm Hg, most (5/7, 71%) with isolated RV clinical congestion had PCWP ≥22 mm Hg, and ≈one-third (10/32, 31%) with both RV and LV clinical congestion had elevated RAP but PCWP <22 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS While clinical examination allows accurate detection of elevated RAP, it does not allow accurate detection of discordant RV and LV filling pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D Pham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Mark H Drazner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Colby R Ayers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Justin L Grodin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Elizabeth A Hardin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Sonia Garg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Pradeep P A Mammen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Alpesh Amin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Faris G Araj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Robert M Morlend
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Jennifer T Thibodeau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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Hayasaka K, Matsue Y, Kitai T, Okumura T, Kida K, Oishi S, Akiyama E, Suzuki S, Yamamoto M, Mizukami A, Yoshioka K, Kuroda S, Kagiyama N, Yamaguchi T, Sasano T. Tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient identifies prognostically relevant worsening renal function in acute heart failure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:203-209. [PMID: 32157273 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Not all worsening renal function (WRF) during heart failure treatment is associated with a poor prognosis. However, a metric capable providing a prognosis of relevant WRF has not been developed. Our aim was to evaluate if a change in tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (TRPG) could discriminate prognostically relevant and not relevant WRF in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). METHODS AND RESULTS We examined 809 consecutive hospitalized patients with heart failure (78 ± 12 years, 54% male). WRF was defined as an increase in creatinine >0.3 mg and ≥25% from admission to discharge. TRPG was measured at admission and before discharge using echocardiography. The primary outcome was all-cause death within 1-year after discharge. Patients were classified as follows for analysis: no WRF and no TRPG increase (n = 523); no WRF and TRPG increase (no WRF with iTRPG, n = 170); WRF and no TRPG increase (WRF without iTRPG, n = 90); and WRF and TRPG increase (WRF with iTRPG, n = 26). A change in TRPG weakly but significantly correlated to a change in haemoglobin and haematocrit, a percent decrease in brain natriuretic peptide, and body weight reduction during the index period of hospitalization. All-cause mortality within 1 year was higher in patients with WRF and iTRPG, compared to the other three groups (P = 0.026). On Cox regression analysis, only WRF with iTRPG was associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio 4.24, P = 0.001), even after adjustment for other confounders. CONCLUSION An increase in TRPG may provide a marker to identify prognostically relevant WRF in patients with AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Hayasaka
- Department of Cardiology, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa city, Chiba 296-0041, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, 3256 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-0014, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yuya Matsue
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Sleep Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kida
- Department of Pharmacology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao Miyamae, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Shogo Oishi
- Department of Cardiology, Himeji Cardiovascular Center, 520, Saisho-ko, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0981, Japan
| | - Eiichi Akiyama
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57, Urafunecho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yamamoto
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Mizukami
- Department of Cardiology, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa city, Chiba 296-0041, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshioka
- Department of Cardiology, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa city, Chiba 296-0041, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kuroda
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Kagiyama
- Department of Cardiology, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, 2-5-1 Nakai-Cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0804, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2, Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sasano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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de la Espriella R, Santas E, Zegri Reiriz I, Górriz JL, Cobo Marcos M, Núñez J. Quantification and Treatment of Congestion in Heart Failure: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview. Nefrologia 2021; 42:S0211-6995(21)00114-4. [PMID: 34289940 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal sodium and water retention with resulting extracellular volume expansion and redistribution are hallmark features of heart failure syndromes. However, congestion assessment, monitoring, and treatment represent a real challenge in daily clinical practice. This document reviewed historical and contemporary evidence of available methods for determining volume status and discuss pharmacological aspects and pathophysiological principles that underlie diuretic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de la Espriella
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, España; Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, España
| | - Enrique Santas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, España; Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, España
| | - Isabel Zegri Reiriz
- Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, España; Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
| | - José Luis Górriz
- Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, España; Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, España; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, España
| | - Marta Cobo Marcos
- Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, España; Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, España; CIBER Cardiovascular, España
| | - Julio Núñez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, España; Grupo de Trabajo Cardiorrenal, Asociación de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Sociedad Española de Cardiología, España; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, España; CIBER Cardiovascular, España.
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Jenei C, Kádár R, Balogh L, Borbély A, Győry F, Péter A, Daragó A, Csanádi Z. Role of 3D echocardiography-determined atrial volumes in distinguishing between pre-capillary and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:3975-3983. [PMID: 34184427 PMCID: PMC8497217 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The current guidelines on pulmonary hypertension (PH) recommend the use of invasive examination for differentiating between left‐sided heart disease‐related (post‐capillary) and pre‐capillary PH. However, atrial sizes are considered markers of ventricular filling pressures. Therefore, we aimed to test the clinical applicability of atrial volumes measured by transthoracic three‐dimensional echocardiography (3DE) in differentiating between pre‐capillary and post‐capillary PH. Methods and results Seventy‐five consecutive patients with PH were prospectively examined with transthoracic 3DE. After less than 24 h, the patients underwent right heart catheterization and 3DE and were classified as pre‐capillary or post‐capillary PH according to the recommendations of the ESC guidelines. The atrial volumes were measured offline with dedicated commercial software. Thirty‐eight patients (13 men, age 65 ± 18 year) had pre‐capillary PH, and 37 (23 men, age 62 ± year) had post‐capillary PH. The mean pulmonary artery pressures were similar in patients with pre‐capillary and post‐capillary PH (38 [IQR 26, 54] mmHg vs. 41 [IQR 33, 48] mmHg, respectively, P = 0.49). The left atrial indexed maximum (LAVi max) and minimum (LAVi min) volumes were significantly larger in the post‐capillary PH patient group than in the pre‐capillary PH patient group (LAVi max: 64 ± 32 mL/m2 vs. 41 ± 25 mL/m2, P = 0.001; LAVi min: 50 ± 22 mL/m2 vs. 26 ± 24 mL/m2, P < 0.0001). The indexed right atrial minimum volume (RAVi min) was also higher in patients with post‐capillary PH (51 ± 27 mL/m2 vs. 38 ± 26 mL/m2; P = 0.02). Both the left atrial (LA) and right atrial (RA) volumes, especially the LA minimum volume, correlated with the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) (r = 0.62 (P < 0.0001) for LAV min vs. r = 0.49 (P < 0.0001) for LAV max; r = 0.32 (P = 0.005) for RAV min vs. r = 0.24 (P = 0.04) for RAV max). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LAVi min was an independent predictor of post‐capillary PH. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of parameters predicting the post‐capillary PH, the areas under the curve (AUC) for LAVi min, LAVi max, and RAVi min were 0.86 (95% CI, 0.76–0.95), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.67–0.89), and 0.66 (0.53–0.78), respectively. Concerning the performance of the atrial volume ratio for differentiating post‐capillary PH, the AUC of the atrial volume ratio was significantly lower [AUC: 0.66 (95% CI, 0.53–0.78)]. The ROC analysis indicated a possible cutoff value of 27.7 mL/m2 for LAVi min to predict post‐capillary PH (AUC = 0.86; sensitivity = 86%, specificity = 76%). Conclusions The BSA‐indexed left atrial minimum volume measured by transthoracic 3DE is a useful parameter for differentiating pre‐capillary from post‐capillary pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Jenei
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Kádár
- Department of Radiology (Medical Imaging Clinic), University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Balogh
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Borbély
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Győry
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Péter
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Daragó
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Csanádi
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Benjamin MM, Bianco C, Caccamo M, Sokos G, Kagiyama N, Shrestha S, Verzosa G, Sengupta PP. Non-invasive prediction of tissue Doppler-derived E/e' ratio using lung Doppler signals. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 21:994-1004. [PMID: 32529205 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Lung Doppler signals (LDS) represent the radial movement of small pulmonary blood vessel walls, caused by pulse waves of cardiac origin. We sought to investigate the accuracy and prognostic value of LDS as a predictor of mitral valve early diastolic flow to annular velocity ratio (E/e'), in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). METHODS AND RESULTS We prospectively enrolled patients with ADHF (n = 99, mean age 65 ± 15 years, 61% males) who underwent echocardiographic and simultaneous LDS evaluation at hospital admission. Patients with hospital stay over 72 h underwent a repeat echocardiogram and LDS assessment before discharge. Patients were followed for the occurrence of short-term all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalization. Predicted E/e' from LDS correlated with echocardiographic E/e' at admission and discharge (r = 0.67 and 0.83; P < 0.001 for both), respectively. Patients were dichotomized into two groups by the median predicted-E/e'. A high predicted-E/e' was associated with age, hypertension, anaemia, history of HF with preserved ejection fraction (EF), and chronic kidney disease. Over a median follow-up period of 7 months, 22 (22.2%) patients died and 23 (23.2%) patients were rehospitalized for HF. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significantly lower event-free survival in high predicted-E/e' group HF patients with reduced EF (P = 0.0247). No significant differences were observed in HF rehospitalization rates between the two groups. CONCLUSION In this single-centre prospective study of patients with ADHF, LDS predicted echocardiographic E/e' measurements and showed prognostic value in predicting all-cause mortality in HF patients with a reduced EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina M Benjamin
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Christopher Bianco
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Marco Caccamo
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - George Sokos
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Kagiyama
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Sirish Shrestha
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Grace Verzosa
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Partho P Sengupta
- Division of Cardiology, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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Elhassan MG, Chao PW, Curiel A. The Conundrum of Volume Status Assessment: Revisiting Current and Future Tools Available for Physicians at the Bedside. Cureus 2021; 13:e15253. [PMID: 34188992 PMCID: PMC8231469 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of patients’ volume status at the bedside is a very important clinical skill that physicians need in many clinical scenarios. Hypovolemia with hypotension and tissue under-perfusion are usually more alarming to physicians, but hypervolemia is also associated with poor outcomes, making euvolemia a crucial goal in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the assessment of volume status can be challenging, especially in the absence of a gold standard test that is reliable and easily accessible to assist with clinical decision-making. Physicians need to have a broad knowledge of the individual non-invasive clinical tools available for them at the bedside to evaluate volume status. In this review, we will discuss the strengths and limitations of the traditional tools, which include careful history taking, physical examination, and basic laboratory tests, and also include the relatively new tool of point-of-care ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter W Chao
- Internal Medicine, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Fresno, USA
| | - Argenis Curiel
- Internal Medicine, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Fresno, USA
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Drazner MH. Insights From the History and Physical Examination in HFpEF or HFrEF: Similarities and Differences. JACC-HEART FAILURE 2021; 9:398-400. [PMID: 33926731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Drazner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
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