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Ndzie Noah ML, Mprah R, Wowui PI, Adekunle AO, Adu-Amankwaah J, Tan R, Gong Z, Li T, Fu L, Machuki JO, Zhang S, Sun H. CD73/adenosine axis exerts cardioprotection against hypobaric hypoxia-induced metabolic shift and myocarditis in a sex-dependent manner. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:166. [PMID: 38454449 PMCID: PMC10918954 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical and experimental studies have shown that the myocardial inflammatory response during pathological events varies between males and females. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these sex differences remain elusive. CD73/adenosine axis has been linked to anti-inflammatory responses, but its sex-specific cardioprotective role is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate whether the CD73/adenosine axis elicits sex-dependent cardioprotection during metabolic changes and myocarditis induced by hypobaric hypoxia. METHODS For 7 days, male and female mice received daily injections of the CD73 inhibitor adenosine 5'- (α, β-methylene) diphosphate (APCP) 10 mg/kg/day while they were kept under normobaric normoxic and hypobaric hypoxic conditions. We evaluated the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on the CD73/adenosine axis, myocardial hypertrophy, and cardiac electrical activity and function. In addition, metabolic homeostasis and immunoregulation were investigated to clarify the sex-dependent cardioprotection of the CD73/adenosine axis. RESULTS Hypobaric hypoxia-induced cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodeling were more pronounced in male mice. Also, male mice had hyperactivity of the CD73/adenosine axis, which aggravated myocarditis and metabolic shift compared to female mice. In addition, CD73 inhibition triggered prostatic acid phosphatase ectonucleotidase enzymatic activity to sustain adenosine overproduction in male mice but not in female mice. Moreover, dual inhibition prostatic acid phosphatase and CD73 enzymatic activities in male mice moderated adenosine content, alleviating glycolytic shift and proinflammatory response. CONCLUSION The CD73/adenosine axis confers a sex-dependent cardioprotection. In addition, extracellular adenosine production in the hearts of male mice is influenced by prostatic acid phosphatase and tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Louise Ndzie Noah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Richard Mprah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Prosperl Ivette Wowui
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | | | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | | | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
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Massold T, Ibrahim F, Niemann V, Steckel B, Becker K, Schrader J, Stegbauer J, Temme S, Grandoch M, Flögel U, Bouvain P. CD73 deficiency does not aggravate angiotensin II-induced aortic inflammation in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17125. [PMID: 37816827 PMCID: PMC10564884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular inflammation plays a key role in the development of aortic diseases. A potential novel target for treatment might be CD73, an ecto-5'-nucleotidase that generates anti-inflammatory adenosine in the extracellular space. Here, we investigated whether a lack of CD73 results in enhanced aortic inflammation. To this end, angiotensin II was infused into wildtype and CD73-/- mice over 10 days. Before and after infusion, mice were analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, flow cytometry, and histology. The impact of age and gender was investigated using female and male mice of three and six months of age, respectively. Angiotensin II infusion led to increased immune cell infiltration in both genotypes' aortae, but depletion of CD73 had no impact on immune cell recruitment. These findings were not modified by age or sex. No substantial difference in morphological or functional characteristics could be detected between wildtype and CD73-/- mice. Interestingly, the expression of CD73 on neutrophils decreased significantly in wildtype mice during treatment. In summary, we have found no evidence that CD73 deficiency affects the onset of aortic inflammation. However, as CD73 expression decreased during disease induction, an increase in CD73 by pharmaceutical intervention might result in lower vascular inflammation and less vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Massold
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fady Ibrahim
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Viola Niemann
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Steckel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katrin Becker
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, Endothelial Signaling and Metabolism, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Stegbauer
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Temme
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Pascal Bouvain
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Gu J, Zhang LN, Gu X, Zhu Y. Identification of hub genes associated with oxidative stress in heart failure and their correlation with immune infiltration using bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15893. [PMID: 37609434 PMCID: PMC10441528 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Both oxidative stress and the immune response are associated with heart failure (HF). In this study, our aim was to identify the hub genes associated with oxidative stress andimmune infiltration of HF by bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. The expression profile of GSE36074 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by GEO2R. The genes related to oxidative stress were extracted from GeneCards websites. Then, the functional enrichment analysis of oxidative stress-related DEGs (OSRDEGs) was performed using DAVID. In addition, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database and screened for hub genes with Cytoscape software. We also used CIBERSORTx to analyze immune infiltration in mice heart tissues between the TAC and Sham groups and explored the correlation between immune cells and hub genes. Finally, the hub genes were carried out using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. A total of 136 OSRDEGs were found in GSE36074. Enrichment analysis revealed that these OSRDEGs were enriched in the mitochondrion, HIF-1, FoxO, MAPK and TNF signaling pathway. The five hub genes (Mapk14, Hif1a, Myc, Hsp90ab1, and Hsp90aa1) were screened by the cytoHubba plugin. The correlation analysis between immune cells and hub genes showed that Mapk14 was positively correlated with Th2 Cells, while Hif1a and Hsp90ab1exhibited a negative correlation with Th2 Cells; Myc exhibited a negative correlation with Monocytes; whereas, Hsp90aa1 was negatively correlated with NK Resting. Finally, five hub genes were validated by RT-qPCR, IHC and western blot. Mapk14, Hif1a, Myc, Hsp90ab1, and Hsp90aa1 are hub genes of HF and may play a critical role in the oxidative stress of HF. This study may provide new targets for the treatment of HF, and the potential immunotherapies are worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Na Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Zhuang T, Lei Y, Chang JJ, Zhou YP, Li Y, Li YX, Yang YF, Chen MH, Meng T, Fu SM, Huang LH, Cheang WS, Cooke JP, Dong ZH, Bai YN, Ruan CC. A2AR-mediated lymphangiogenesis via VEGFR2 signaling prevents salt-sensitive hypertension. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:2730-2742. [PMID: 37377160 PMCID: PMC10393074 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Excess dietary sodium intake and retention lead to hypertension. Impaired dermal lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic dysfunction-mediated sodium and fluid imbalance are pathological mechanisms. The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) is expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), while the roles and mechanisms of LEC-A2AR in skin lymphangiogenesis during salt-induced hypertension are not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of LEC-A2AR correlated with lymphatic vessel density in both high-salt diet (HSD)-induced hypertensive mice and hypertensive patients. Lymphatic endothelial cell-specific A2AR knockout mice fed HSD exhibited 17 ± 2% increase in blood pressure and 17 ± 3% increase in Na+ content associated with decreased lymphatic density (-19 ± 2%) compared with HSD-WT mice. A2AR activation by agonist CGS21680 increased lymphatic capillary density and decreased blood pressure in HSD-WT mice. Furthermore, this A2AR agonist activated MSK1 directly to promote VEGFR2 activation and endocytosis independently of VEGF as assessed by phosphoprotein profiling and immunoprecipitation assays in LECs. VEGFR2 kinase activity inhibitor fruquintinib or VEGFR2 knockout in LECs but not VEGF-neutralizing antibody bevacizumab suppressed A2AR activation-mediated decrease in blood pressure. Immunostaining revealed phosphorylated VEGFR2 and MSK1 expression in the LECs were positively correlated with skin lymphatic vessel density and A2AR level in hypertensive patients. CONCLUSION The study highlights a novel A2AR-mediated VEGF-independent activation of VEGFR2 signaling in dermal lymphangiogenesis and sodium balance, which might be a potential therapeutic target in salt-sensitive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhuang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin-Jia Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pu-Jian Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, RuiJin Hospital/LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 149 Chong-Qing-Nan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Xiu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guang-Zhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yong-Feng Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei-Hua Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Man Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li-Hao Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Fudan University, 38 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wai-San Cheang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Long-Ma Road, Macau 999078, China
| | - John P Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi-Hui Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, and Center for Vascular Surgery and Wound Care, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng-Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying-Nan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Feng-Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Liu TT, Wang YL, Zhang Z, Jia LX, Zhang J, Zheng S, Chen ZH, Shen HH, Piao CM, Du J. Abnormal adenosine metabolism of neutrophils inhibits airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma model induced by Aspergillus fumigatus. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:258. [PMID: 37452319 PMCID: PMC10347753 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils consume a large amount of energy when performing their functions. Compared with other white blood cells, neutrophils contain few mitochondria and mainly rely on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis to produce ATP. The inflammatory site is hypoxic and nutrient poor. Our aim is to study the role of abnormal adenosine metabolism of neutrophils in the asthmatic airway inflammation microenvironment. METHOD In this study, an asthma model was established by intratracheal instillation of Aspergillus fumigatus extract in Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase (CD73) gene-knockout and wild-type mice. Multiple analyses from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were used to determine the levels of cytokines and chemokines. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect subcutaneous fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Finally, adenosine 5'-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate (APCP), a CD73 inhibitor, was pumped subcutaneously before Aspergillus attack to observe the infiltration of inflammatory cells and subcutaneous fibrosis to clarify its therapeutic effect. RESULT PAS staining showed that CD73 knockout inhibited pulmonary epithelial cell proliferation and bronchial fibrosis induced by Aspergillus extract. The genetic knockdownof CD73 significantly reduced the production of Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-13, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), eosinophil chemokine, neutrophil IL-17, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In addition, exogenous adenosine supplementation increased airway inflammation. Finally, the CD73 inhibitor APCP was administered to reduce inflammation and subcutaneous fibrosis. CONCLUSION Elevated adenosine metabolism plays an inflammatory role in asthma, and CD73 could be a potential therapeutic target for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Li Wang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Xin Jia
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hua-Hao Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chun-Mei Piao
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, 100029, Beijing, China.
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Zhong Y, Chen L, Li M, Chen L, Qian Y, Chen C, Wang Y, Xu Y. Dangshen Erling Decoction Ameliorates Myocardial Hypertrophy via Inhibiting Myocardial Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:725186. [PMID: 35046797 PMCID: PMC8762257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.725186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy plays an essential role in the structural remodeling of the heart and the progression to heart failure (HF). There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy and to develop treatments for early intervention. Dangshen Erling decoction (DSELD) is a clinically used formula in Chinese medicine for treating coronary heart disease in patients with HF. However, the mechanism by which DSELD produces its cardioprotective effects remains largely unknown. This study explored the effects of DSELD on myocardial hypotrophy both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies indicated that DSELD significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the cross-sectional area of the myocardium and reduced elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the induced H9C2 cell model to study inflammation. In vivo experiments revealed that DSELD restores cardiac function and significantly reduces myocardial fibrosis in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced HF mouse model (p < 0.05). In addition, DSELD downregulated the expression of several inflammatory cytokines, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-5, IL-7, IL-12, IL-13, and TNF-α in HF (p < 0.05). Further analysis of the cardiac tissue demonstrated that DSELD produces its anti-inflammatory effects via the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 signaling pathway. The expression of TLR4 downstream proteins such as matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88) was among the regulated targets. In conclusion, these observations suggest that DSELD exerts antihypertrophic effects by alleviating the inflammatory injury via the TLR4 signaling pathway in HF and thus holds promising therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Zhong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuying Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Campos-Martins A, Bragança B, Correia-de-Sá P, Fontes-Sousa AP. Pharmacological Tuning of Adenosine Signal Nuances Underlying Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:724320. [PMID: 34489711 PMCID: PMC8417789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) roughly represents half of the cardiac failure events in developed countries. The proposed 'systemic microvascular paradigm' has been used to explain HFpHF presentation heterogeneity. The lack of effective treatments with few evidence-based therapeutic recommendations makes HFpEF one of the greatest unmet clinical necessities worldwide. The endogenous levels of the purine nucleoside, adenosine, increase significantly following cardiovascular events. Adenosine exerts cardioprotective, neuromodulatory, and immunosuppressive effects by activating plasma membrane-bound P1 receptors that are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system. Its proven benefits have been demonstrated in preclinical animal tests. Here, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date critical review about the main therapeutic advantages of tuning adenosine signalling pathways in HFpEF, without discounting their side effects and how these can be seized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandrina Campos-Martins
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Bragança
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Patrícia Fontes-Sousa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
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Lee J, Park H, Moon S, Do JT, Hong K, Choi Y. Expression and Regulation of CD73 during the Estrous Cycle in Mouse Uterus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179403. [PMID: 34502315 PMCID: PMC8431015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73, also known as ecto-5′-nucleotidase) is an enzyme that converts AMP into adenosine. CD73 is a surface enzyme bound to the outside of the plasma membrane expressed in several cells and regulates immunity and inflammation. In particular, it is known to inhibit T cell-mediated immune responses. However, the regulation of CD73 expression by hormones in the uterus is not yet clearly known. In this study, we investigated the expression of CD73 in ovariectomized mice treated with estrogen or progesterone and its regulation in the mouse uterus during the estrous cycle. The level of CD73 expression was dynamically regulated in the uterus during the estrous cycle. CD73 protein expression was high in proestrus, estrus, and diestrus, whereas it was relatively low in the metestrus stage. Immunofluorescence revealed that CD73 was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of the luminal and glandular epithelium and the stroma of the endometrium. The expression of CD73 in ovariectomized mice was gradually increased by progesterone treatment. However, estrogen injection did not affect its expression. Moreover, CD73 expression was increased when estrogen and progesterone were co-administered and was inhibited by the pretreatment of the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486. These findings suggest that the expression of CD73 is dynamically regulated by estrogen and progesterone in the uterine environment, and that there may be a synergistic effect of estrogen and progesterone.
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Antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-infected adults with coronary artery disease are characterized by a distinctive regulatory T-cell signature. AIDS 2021; 35:1003-1014. [PMID: 33587446 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to control viral replication, people living with HIV (PWH) have high levels of chronic systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation which drives accelerated co-morbidities including coronary artery disease (CAD). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and ectonucleotidases CD39/CD73 are known to be athero-protective via their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory functions. DESIGN We assessed the dynamics of Treg subsets in ART-treated PWH with or without CAD vs. HIV-uninfected individuals. METHODS Blood specimens were obtained from 142 participants including ART-treated HIV-infected adults with (n = 43) or without CAD (n = 41), as well as HIV-uninfected controls with (n = 31) or without CAD (n = 27). CAD was determined by the presence of atherosclerotic features on computed tomography angiography of the coronary arteries performed on all study participants. Treg subsets frequencies were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Regardless of statin treatment or ART regimen, HIV+CAD+ individuals had the highest total Treg frequencies and increased thymic generation and output of Tregs (Helios/CD31 expression), while athero-protective CD39+/CD73+ Tregs were significantly depleted in this group. Tregs from PWH had higher expression of CCR6/CXCR3 than uninfected individuals regardless of CAD, while in HIV+CAD+ individuals Tregs expressed the highest levels of CCR4, which limits their maintenance. The lowest levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immune activation has been observed in HIV+CAD+ within study groups. CONCLUSION ART-treated PWH with diagnosed CAD are characterized by profound alterations in populations of anti-inflammatory and athero-protective Treg subsets. These changes may contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression during chronic HIV infection in the ART era.
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Moritz CEJ, Boeno FP, Vieira AF, Munhoz SV, Scholl JN, de Fraga Dias A, Pizzato PR, Figueiró F, Battastini AMO, Reischak-Oliveira A. Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise promotes purinergic and inflammatory responses in sedentary, overweight and physically active subjects. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1024-1037. [PMID: 33624912 DOI: 10.1113/ep089263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDING What is the central question of this study? How does moderate-intensity aerobic exercise affect the behaviour of purinergic enzymes in sedentary, overweight and physically active subjects? What is the relationship between purinergic and inflammatory responses triggered by exercise? What is the main finding and its importance? Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise modifies the activity of purinergic enzymes and the levels of nucleotides and nucleosides. These results are similar in subjects with different biological characteristics. 5'-Nucleotidase activity and adenosine levels are associated with inflammatory responses. This study suggests that a purinergic pathway is related to the inflammatory responses triggered by exercise. ABSTRACT Purinergic signalling is a mechanism of extracellular communication that modulates events related to exercise, such as inflammation and coagulation. Herein, we evaluated the effects of acute moderate-intensity exercise on the activities of purinergic enzymes and plasma levels of adenine nucleotides in individuals with distinct metabolic characteristics. We analysed the relationship between purinergic parameters, inflammatory responses and cardiometabolic markers. Twenty-four healthy males were assigned to three groups: normal weight sedentary (n = 8), overweight sedentary (n = 8) and normal weight physically active (n = 8). The volunteers performed an acute session of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on a treadmill at 70% of V ̇ O 2 peak ; blood samples were drawn at baseline, immediately post-exercise and at 1 h post-exercise. Immediately post-exercise, all subjects showed increases in ATP, ADP, AMP and p-nitrophenyl thymidine 5'-monophosphate hydrolysis, while AMP hydrolysis remained increased at 1 h after exercise. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated lower levels of ATP and ADP at post- and 1 h post-exercise in all groups. Conversely, adenosine and inosine levels increased at post-exercise, but only adenosine remained augmented at 1 h after exercise in all groups. With regard to inflammatory responses, the exercise protocol increased tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) concentrations in all subjects, but only TNF-α remained elevated at 1 h after exercise. Significant correlations were found between the activity of 5'-nucleotidase, adenosine levels, V ̇ O 2 peak , triglyceride, TNF-α and IL-8 levels. Our findings suggest a purinergic signalling pathway that participates, at least partially, in the inflammatory responses triggered by acute moderate-intensity exercise. The response of soluble nucleotidases to acute moderate exercise appears to be similar between subjects of different biological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Eduardo Jacintho Moritz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Franccesco Pinto Boeno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Ferreira Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Samuel Vargas Munhoz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológica: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Fraga Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológica: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pauline Rafaela Pizzato
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológica: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológica: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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dos Anjos F, Simões JLB, Assmann CE, Carvalho FB, Bagatini MD. Potential Therapeutic Role of Purinergic Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease Mediated by SARS-CoV-2. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8632048. [PMID: 33299899 PMCID: PMC7709498 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8632048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes pulmonary and cardiovascular disorders and has become a worldwide emergency. Myocardial injury can be caused by direct or indirect damage, particularly mediated by a cytokine storm, a disordered immune response that can cause myocarditis, abnormal coagulation, arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome, and myocardial infarction. The present review focuses on the mechanisms of this viral infection, cardiac biomarkers, consequences, and the possible therapeutic role of purinergic and adenosinergic signalling systems. In particular, we focus on the interaction of the extracellular nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with its receptors P2X1, P2X4, P2X7, P2Y1, and P2Y2 and of adenosine (Ado) with A2A and A3 receptors, as well as their roles in host immune responses. We suggest that receptors of purinergic signalling could be ideal candidates for pharmacological targeting to protect against myocardial injury caused by a cytokine storm in COVID-19, in order to reduce systemic inflammatory damage to cells and tissues, preventing the progression of the disease by modulating the immune response and improving patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda dos Anjos
- Medical School, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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12
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Costimulatory Effect of Rough Calcium Phosphate Coating and Blood Mononuclear Cells on Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro as a Model of In Vivo Tissue Repair. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13194398. [PMID: 33023124 PMCID: PMC7579197 DOI: 10.3390/ma13194398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) materials do not always induce ectopic vascularization and bone formation; the reasons remain unclear, and there are active discussions of potential roles for post-implantation hematoma, circulating immune and stem cells, and pericytes, but studies on adipose-derived stem cells (AMSCs) in this context are lacking. The rough (average surface roughness Ra = 2-5 µm) scaffold-like CaP coating deposited on pure titanium plates by the microarc oxidation method was used to investigate its subcutaneous vascularization in CBA/CaLac mice and in vitro effect on cellular and molecular crosstalk between human blood mononuclear cells (hBMNCs) and AMSCs (hAMSCs). Postoperative hematoma development on the CaP surface lasting 1-3 weeks may play a key role in the microvessel elongation and invasion into the CaP relief at the end of the 3rd week of injury and BMNC migration required for enhanced wound healing in mice. Satisfactory osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation but poor adipogenic differentiation of hAMSCs on the rough CaP surface were detected in vitro by differential cell staining. The fractions of CD73+ (62%), CD90+ (0.24%), and CD105+ (0.41%) BMNCs may be a source of autologous circulating stem/progenitor cells for the subcutis reparation, but allogenic hBMNC participation is mainly related to the effects of CD4+ T cells co-stimulated with CaP coating on the in vitro recruitment of hAMSCs, their secretion of angiogenic and osteomodulatory molecules, and the increase in osteogenic features within the period of in vivo vascularization. Cellular and molecular crosstalk between BMNCs and AMSCs is a model of effective subcutis repair. Rough CaP surface enhanced angio- and osteogenic signaling between cells. We believe that preconditioning and/or co-transplantation of hAMSCs with hBMNCs may broaden their potential in applications related to post-implantation tissue repair and bone bioengineering caused by microarc CaP coating.
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13
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Patel G, Mandal A, Choudhary S, Mishra R, Shende R. Plan evaluation indices: A journey of evolution. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:336-344. [PMID: 32210739 PMCID: PMC7082629 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM A systemic review and analysis of evolution journey of indices, such as conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI) and gradient index (GI), described in the literature. BACKGROUND Modern radiotherapy techniques like VMAT, SRS and SBRT produce highly conformal plans and provide better critical structure and normal tissue sparing. These treatment techniques can generate a number of competitive plans for the same patients with different dose distributions. Therefore, indices like CI, HI and GI serve as complementary tools in addition to visual slice by slice isodose verification while plan evaluation. Reliability and accuracy of these indices have been tested in the past and found shortcomings and benefits when compared to one another. MATERIAL AND METHODS Potentially relevant studies published after 1993 were identified through a pubmed and web of science search using words "conformity index", "Homogeneity index", "Gradient index"," Stereotactic radiosurgery"," stereotactic Body radiotherapy" "complexity metrics" and "plan evaluation index". Combinations of words "plan evaluation index conformity index" were also searched as were bibliographies of downloaded papers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Mathematical definitions of plan evaluation indices modified with time. CI definitions presented by various authors tested at their own and could not be generalized. Those mathematical definitions of CI which take into account OAR sparing grant more confidence in plan evaluation. Gradient index emerged as a significant plan evaluation index in addition to CI whereas homogeneity index losing its credibility. Biological index base plan evaluation is becoming popular and may replace or alter the role of dosimetrical indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshkumar Patel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Mandal
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Choudhary
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ritusha Mishra
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra Shende
- Department of Radiotherapy, Balco Medical Center, New Raipur, Sector 36, Raipur, Chattisgarh 493661, India
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Okyere AD, Tilley DG. Leukocyte-Dependent Regulation of Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:301. [PMID: 32322219 PMCID: PMC7156539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis begins as an intrinsic response to injury or ageing that functions to preserve the tissue from further damage. Fibrosis results from activated cardiac myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in an effort to replace damaged tissue; however, excessive ECM deposition leads to pathological fibrotic remodeling. At this extent, fibrosis gravely disturbs myocardial compliance, and ultimately leads to adverse outcomes like heart failure with heightened mortality. As such, understanding the complexity behind fibrotic remodeling has been a focal point of cardiac research in recent years. Resident cardiac fibroblasts and activated myofibroblasts have been proven integral to the fibrotic response; however, several findings point to additional cell types that may contribute to the development of pathological fibrosis. For one, leukocytes expand in number after injury and exhibit high plasticity, thus their distinct role(s) in cardiac fibrosis is an ongoing and controversial field of study. This review summarizes current findings, focusing on both direct and indirect leukocyte-mediated mechanisms of fibrosis, which may provide novel targeted strategies against fibrotic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ama Dedo Okyere
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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15
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Joolharzadeh P, St Hilaire C. CD73 (Cluster of Differentiation 73) and the Differences Between Mice and Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:339-348. [PMID: 30676071 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As vascular disease is complex and the various manifestations are influenced by differences in vascular bed architecture, exposure to shear and mechanical forces, cell types involved, and inflammatory responses, in vivo models are necessary to recapitulate the complex physiology and dynamic cellular interactions during pathogenesis. Murine knockout models are commonly used tools for investigators to study the role of a specific gene or pathway in multifaceted disease traits. Although valuable, these models are not perfect, and this is particularly true in regard to CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), the extracellular enzyme that generates adenosine from AMP. At baseline, CD73-deficient mice do not present with an overt phenotype, whereas CD73-deficient humans present with the complex phenotype of vascular calcification, arteriomegaly and tortuosity, and calcification in small joints. In this review, we highlight the differences between the mouse and human systems and discuss the potential to leverage findings in mice to inform us on the human conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Joolharzadeh
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; and Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Cynthia St Hilaire
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; and Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA
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16
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Dubey RK, Baruscotti I, Stiller R, Fingerle J, Gillespie DG, Mi Z, Leeners B, Imthurn B, Rosselli M, Jackson EK. Adenosine, Via A 2B Receptors, Inhibits Human (P-SMC) Progenitor Smooth Muscle Cell Growth. Hypertension 2019; 75:109-118. [PMID: 31786976 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
c-Kit+ progenitor smooth muscle cells (P-SMCs) can develop into SMCs that contribute to injury-induced neointimal thickening. Here, we investigated whether adenosine reduces P-SMC migration and proliferation and whether this contributes to adenosine's inhibitory actions on neointima formation. In human P-SMCs, 2-chloroadenosine (stable adenosine analogue) and BAY60-6583 (A2B agonist) inhibited P-SMC proliferation and migration. Likewise, increasing endogenous adenosine by blocking adenosine metabolism with erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (inhibits adenosine deaminase) and 5-iodotubercidin (inhibits adenosine kinase) attenuated P-SMC proliferation and migration. Neither N6-cyclopentyladenosine (A1 agonist), CGS21680 (A2A agonist), nor N6-(3-iodobenzyl)-adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide (A3 agonist) affected P-SMC proliferation or migration. 2-Chloroadenosine increased cyclic AMP, reduced Akt phosphorylation (activates cyclin D expression), and reduced levels of cyclin D1 (promotes cell-cycle progression). Moreover, 2-chloroadenosine inhibited expression of Skp2 (promotes proteolysis of p27Kip1) and upregulated levels of p27Kip1 (negative cell-cycle regulator). A2B receptor knockdown prevented the effects of 2-chloroadenosine on cyclic AMP production and P-SMC proliferation and migration. Likewise, inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A rescued P-SMCs from the inhibitory effects of 2-chloroadenosine. The inhibitory effects of adenosine were similar in male and female P-SMCs. In vivo, peri-arterial (rat carotid artery) 2-chloroadenosine (20 μmol/L for 7 days) reduced neointimal hyperplasia by 64.5% (P<0.05; intima/media ratio: control, 1.4±0.02; treated, 0.53±0.012) and reduced neointimal c-Kit+ cells. Adenosine inhibits P-SMC migration and proliferation via the A2B receptor/cyclic AMP/protein kinase A axis, which reduces cyclin D1 expression and activity via inhibiting Akt phosphorylation and Skp2 expression and upregulating p27kip1 levels. Adenosine attenuates neointima formation in part by inhibiting infiltration and proliferation of c-Kit+ P-SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghvendra K Dubey
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich (R.K.D., I.B., R.S., B.L., B.I., M.R.).,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland (R.K.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (R.K.D., D.G.G., Z.M., E.K.J.)
| | - Isabella Baruscotti
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich (R.K.D., I.B., R.S., B.L., B.I., M.R.)
| | - Ruth Stiller
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich (R.K.D., I.B., R.S., B.L., B.I., M.R.)
| | - Juergen Fingerle
- NMI Naturwissenschaftliches und Medizinisches Institut an der Universität Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany (J.F.)
| | - Delbert G Gillespie
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (R.K.D., D.G.G., Z.M., E.K.J.)
| | - Zaichuan Mi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (R.K.D., D.G.G., Z.M., E.K.J.)
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich (R.K.D., I.B., R.S., B.L., B.I., M.R.)
| | - Bruno Imthurn
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich (R.K.D., I.B., R.S., B.L., B.I., M.R.)
| | - Marinella Rosselli
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich (R.K.D., I.B., R.S., B.L., B.I., M.R.)
| | - Edwin K Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (R.K.D., D.G.G., Z.M., E.K.J.)
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Hu W, Wang W, Ma Q, Liu T, Zhang J, Zhang J. Blueberry anthocyanin‑enriched extract ameliorates transverse aortic constriction‑induced myocardial dysfunction via the DDAH1/ADMA/NO signaling pathway in mice. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:454-462. [PMID: 31746378 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberry anthocyanin‑enriched extract (BAE) has been demonstrated to protect against cardiovascular diseases by activating multiple target genes. The present study investigated the effects of BAE on transverse aortic constriction (TAC)‑induced myocardial dysfunction in mice and explored its possible molecular mechanisms. A total of 30 male mice were divided randomly into control, TAC and TAC + BAE groups. Mice in the TAC + BAE groups were administered BAE by oral gavage for 6 consecutive weeks. Myocardial dysfunction was assessed using echocardiogram, histopathology, TUNEL assay, immunofluorescence staining, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that BAE treatment significantly ameliorated heart weight, left ventricular weight, myocardial dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. In addition, BAE treatment alleviated TAC‑induced inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Notably, BAE treatment markedly reduced asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentration and significantly increased dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production. The present data indicated that BAE treatment ameliorated TAC‑induced myocardial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis via the DDAH1/ADMA/NO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The People' Hospital of Weifang City, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Wenyue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The People' Hospital of Weifang City, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Jiefeng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The People' Hospital of Weifang City, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Jicun Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The People' Hospital of Weifang City, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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Minor M, Alcedo KP, Battaglia RA, Snider NT. Cell type- and tissue-specific functions of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C1079-C1092. [PMID: 31461341 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00285.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ecto-5'-nucleotidase [cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73)] is a ubiquitously expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that converts extracellular adenosine 5'-monophosphate to adenosine. Anti-CD73 inhibitory antibodies are currently undergoing clinical testing for cancer immunotherapy. However, many protective physiological functions of CD73 need to be taken into account for new targeted therapies. This review examines CD73 functions in multiple organ systems and cell types, with a particular focus on novel findings from the last 5 years. Missense loss-of-function mutations in the CD73-encoding gene NT5E cause the rare disease "arterial calcifications due to deficiency of CD73." Aside from direct human disease involvement, cellular and animal model studies have revealed key functions of CD73 in tissue homeostasis and pathology across multiple organ systems. In the context of the central nervous system, CD73 is antinociceptive and protects against inflammatory damage, while also contributing to age-dependent decline in cortical plasticity. CD73 preserves barrier function in multiple tissues, a role that is most evident in the respiratory system, where it inhibits endothelial permeability in an adenosine-dependent manner. CD73 has important cardioprotective functions during myocardial infarction and heart failure. Under ischemia-reperfusion injury conditions, rapid and sustained induction of CD73 confers protection in the liver and kidney. In some cases, the mechanism by which CD73 mediates tissue injury is less clear. For example, CD73 has a promoting role in liver fibrosis but is protective in lung fibrosis. Future studies that integrate CD73 regulation and function at the cellular level with physiological responses will improve its utility as a disease target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marquet Minor
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Karel P Alcedo
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Rachel A Battaglia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Natasha T Snider
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Wang J, Duan Y, Sluijter JPG, Xiao J. Lymphocytic subsets play distinct roles in heart diseases. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:4030-4046. [PMID: 31281530 PMCID: PMC6592175 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart diseases are one of the leading causes of death for humans in the world. Increasing evidence has shown that myocardial injury induced innate and adaptive immune responses upon early cellular damage but also during chronic phases post-injury. The immune cells can not only aggravate the injury but also play an essential role in the induction of wound healing responses, which means they play a complex role throughout the acute inflammatory response and reparative response after cardiac injury. This review will summarize the current experimental and clinical evidence of lymphocytes, one of the major types of immune cells, participate in heart diseases and try to explain the possible role of these immune cells following cardiac injury.
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Fischer B, Ly TD, Hendig D, Kuhn J, Pécheur EI, Reungoat E, Knabbe C, Faust I. First description of a compensatory xylosyltransferase I induction observed after an antifibrotic UDP-treatment of normal human dermal fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:7-13. [PMID: 30853184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a serious health problem often leading to accompanying organ failure. During the manifestation of the disease, an accumulation of different extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, such as proteoglycans, takes place. There is no appropriate therapeutic option available to heal fibrosis to date. Current research focuses primarily on targets such as the cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which is assumed to be one of the key mediators of fibrosis. Both xylosyltransferase isoforms, XT-I and XT-II, catalyze the rate-limiting step of the proteoglycan biosynthesis. Consequently, inhibiting XT activity could be a promising approach to treat fibrosis. It was shown in earlier studies that nucleotides and nucleosides have anti-fibrotic properties and decrease XT activity in cell-free systems. In contrast, we evaluated the mechanisms beyond an UDP-mediated induction of intracellular XT-activity in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). The observed pseudo-fibrotic XT increasement could be attributed to a compensation of decreased UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase 1 (UXS1) mRNA expression as well as a diminished intracellular UDP-xylose concentration. In summary, our results describe a so far unknown XT-inductive pathway and show that UDP could be a promising molecule for the development of an anti-fibrotic therapy. Nevertheless, XT activity has to be inhibited in parallel intracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Fischer
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Thanh-Diep Ly
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Doris Hendig
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Joachim Kuhn
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Eve-Isabelle Pécheur
- UMR INSERM 1052 / CNRS 5286, CRCL, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, France
| | - Emma Reungoat
- UMR INSERM 1052 / CNRS 5286, CRCL, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, France
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Isabel Faust
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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21
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Careta O, Cuevas E, Muñoz-Esquerre M, López-Sánchez M, Pascual-González Y, Dorca J, Aliagas E, Santos S. Imbalance in the Expression of Genes Associated with Purinergic Signalling in the Lung and Systemic Arteries of COPD Patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2796. [PMID: 30808894 PMCID: PMC6391454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that purinergic signalling is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in the vascular remodelling that occurs in other disorders; however, its role in initial vascular changes of COPD is not entirely known. We hypothesised that expression of genes regulating extracellular ATP and adenosine levels would be altered in the lung and systemic arteries of COPD patients. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to analyse the relative expression of 17 genes associated with purinergic signalling and inflammation in lungs and intercostal arteries of never smokers (NS) (n = 16), non-obstructed smokers (NOS) (n = 17) and COPD patients (n = 21). Gene expression of ATP-degrading enzymes was decreased in both tissues of NOS and COPD patients compared to NS. NT5E expression (gene transcribing for an AMP hydrolyzing ectonucleotidase) was increased in both tissues in NOS compared to the other groups. P1 and P2 receptors did not show changes in expression. Expression of genes associated with inflammation (interleukin-13) was upregulated only in lung tissues of COPD. These findings suggest that the expression of different extracellular ATP-degrading enzymes is altered in smokers (NOS and COPD patients), promoting inflammation. However, the high NT5E expression found only in NOS could compensate this inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Careta
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Cuevas
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Muñoz-Esquerre
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta López-Sánchez
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuliana Pascual-González
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Dorca
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Aliagas
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Salud Santos
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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A single peri-sciatic nerve administration of the adenosine 2A receptor agonist ATL313 produces long-lasting anti-allodynia and anti-inflammatory effects in male rats. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:116-125. [PMID: 30453021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a widespread problem which remains poorly managed by currently available therapeutics. Peripheral nerve injury and inflammation leads to changes at the nerve injury site, including activation of resident and recruited peripheral immune cells, that lead to neuronal central sensitization and pain amplification. The present series of studies tested the effects of peri-sciatic nerve delivery of single doses of adenosine 2A receptor (A2aR) agonists on pain and neuroinflammation. The data provide converging lines of evidence supportive that A2aR agonism at the site of peripheral nerve injury and inflammation is effective in suppressing ongoing neuropathic pain. After A2aR agonism resolved neuropathic pain, a return of pain enhancement (allodynia) was observed in response to peri-sciatic injection of H-89, which can inhibit protein kinase A, and by peri-sciatic injection of neutralizing antibody against the potent anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. A2aR agonist actions at the nerve injury site suppress neuroinflammation, as reflected by decreased release of interleukin-1β and nitric oxide, as well as decreased sciatic expression of markers of monocytes/macrophages and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Taken together, the data are supportive that A2aR agonists, acting at the level of peripheral nerve injury, may be of therapeutic value in treating chronic pain of neuroinflammatory origin.
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23
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Woulfe KC, Bruns DR. From pediatrics to geriatrics: Mechanisms of heart failure across the life-course. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 126:70-76. [PMID: 30458169 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a significant public health problem and a disease with high 5-year mortality. Although age is the primary risk factor for development of HF, it is a disease which impacts patients of all ages. Historically, HF has been studied as a one-size fits all strategy- with the majority of both clinical and basic science investigations employing adult male subjects or adult male pre-clinical animal models. We postulate that inclusion of biological variables in HF studies is necessary to improve our understanding of mechanisms of HF and improve outcomes. In this review, we will discuss age-specific differences in HF patients, particularly focusing on the pediatric and geriatric age groups. In addition, we will also discuss the biological variable of sex. Characterizing and understanding the mechanistic differences in these distinct HF populations can provide insights that will benefit and personalize therapeutic interventions. Further, we propose that future investigations into the cellular mechanisms involved in the developing and juvenile heart may provide valuable insights for targets that would be beneficial in aging patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen C Woulfe
- University of Colorado-Denver; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, 12700 E 19th Ave Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Danielle R Bruns
- University of Wyoming, Division of Kinesiology & Health, Laramie, WY, USA
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24
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Kong LR, Zhou YP, Chen DR, Ruan CC, Gao PJ. Decrease of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Browning Is Associated With Vascular Dysfunction in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats During Aging. Front Physiol 2018; 9:400. [PMID: 29720945 PMCID: PMC5915562 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is necessary to maintain vascular physiology through both mechanical support and endocrine or paracrine ways. PVAT shows a brown adipose tissue (BAT)-like feature and the browning level of PVAT is dependent on the anatomic location and species. However, it is not clear whether PVAT browning is involved in the vascular tone regulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In the present study, we aimed to illustrate the effect of aging on PVAT browning and subsequent vasomotor reaction in SHRs. Herein we utilized histological staining and western blot to detect the characteristics of thoracic PVAT (tPVAT) in 8-week-old and 16-week-old SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. We also detected vascular reactivity analysis to determine the effect of tPVAT on vasomotor reaction during aging. The results showed that tPVAT had a similar phenotype to BAT, including smaller adipocyte size and positive uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) staining. Interestingly, the tPVAT of 8-week-old SHR showed increased BAT phenotypic marker expression compared to WKY, whereas the browning level of tPVAT had a more dramatic decrease from 8 to 16 weeks of age in SHR than age-matched WKY rats. The vasodilation effect of tPVAT on aortas had no significant difference in 8-week-old WKY and SHR, whereas this effect is obviously decreased in 16-week-old SHR compared to WKY. In contrast, tPVAT showed a similar vasoconstriction effect in 8- or 16-week-old WKY and SHR rats. Moreover, we identified an important vasodilator adenosine, which regulates adipocyte browning and may be a potential PVAT-derived relaxing factor. Adenosine is dramatically decreased from 8 to 16 weeks of age in the tPVAT of SHR. In summary, aging is associated with a decrease of tPVAT browning and adenosine production in SHR rats. These may result in attenuated vasodilation effect of the tPVAT in SHR during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ran Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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25
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Sustained reversal of central neuropathic pain induced by a single intrathecal injection of adenosine A 2A receptor agonists. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 69:470-479. [PMID: 29366930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Central neuropathic pain is a debilitating outcome of spinal cord injury (SCI) and current treatments to alleviate this pain condition are ineffective. A growing body of literature suggests that activating adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs) decreases the production of proinflammatory cytokines and increases the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Here, the effect of administering intrathecal A2AR agonists on central neuropathic pain was measured using hindpaw mechanical allodynia in a rat model of SCI termed spinal neuropathic avulsion pain (SNAP). Other models of SCI cause extensive damage to the spinal cord, resulting in paralysis and health problems. SNAP rats with unilateral low thoracic (T13)/high lumbar (L1) dorsal root avulsion develop below-level bilateral allodynia, without concomitant motor or health problems. A single intrathecal injection of the A2AR agonist 2-p-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino-5'-N-ethylcarboxamido adenosine HCl (CGS21680) reversed SCI-induced allodynia for at least 6 weeks. The reversal is likely in part mediated by interleukin (IL)-10, as intrathecally administering neutralizing IL-10 antibodies 1 week after CGS21680 abolished the anti-allodynic effect of CGS21680. Dorsal spinal cord tissue from the ipsilateral site of SCI (T13/L1) was assayed 1 and 6 weeks after CGS21680 for IL-10, CD11b, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene expression. CGS21680 treatment did not change IL-10 gene expression but did significantly decrease CD11b and TNF gene expression at both timepoints. A second A2AR agonist, 4-(3-(6-amino-9-(5-cyclopropylcarbamoyl-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-yl)prop-2-ynyl)piperidine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ATL313), was also able to significantly prevent and reverse SCI-induced allodynia for several weeks after a single intrathecal injection, providing converging lines of evidence of A2AR involvement. The enduring pain reversal after a single intrathecal injection of A2AR agonists suggests that A2AR agonists could be exciting new candidates for treating SCI-induced central neuropathic pain.
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26
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Altara R, Zouein FA, Brandão RD, Bajestani SN, Cataliotti A, Booz GW. In Silico Analysis of Differential Gene Expression in Three Common Rat Models of Diastolic Dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:11. [PMID: 29556499 PMCID: PMC5850854 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard therapies for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have been unsuccessful, demonstrating that the contribution of the underlying diastolic dysfunction pathophysiology differs from that of systolic dysfunction in heart failure and currently is far from being understood. Complicating the investigation of HFpEF is the contribution of several comorbidities. Here, we selected three established rat models of diastolic dysfunction defined by three major risk factors associated with HFpEF and researched their commonalities and differences. The top differentially expressed genes in the left ventricle of Dahl salt sensitive (Dahl/SS), spontaneous hypertensive heart failure (SHHF), and diabetes 1 induced HFpEF models were derived from published data in Gene Expression Omnibus and used for a comprehensive interpretation of the underlying pathophysiological context of each model. The diversity of the underlying transcriptomic of the heart of each model is clearly observed by the different panel of top regulated genes: the diabetic model has 20 genes in common with the Dahl/SS and 15 with the SHHF models. Advanced analytics performed in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) revealed that Dahl/SS heart tissue transcripts triggered by upstream regulators lead to dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophy of heart, arrhythmia, and failure of heart. In the heart of SHHF, a total of 26 genes were closely linked to cardiovascular disease including cardiotoxicity, pericarditis, ST-elevated myocardial infarction, and dilated cardiomyopathy. IPA Upstream Regulator analyses revealed that protection of cardiomyocytes is hampered by inhibition of the ERBB2 plasma membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinases. Cardioprotective markers such as natriuretic peptide A (NPPA), heat shock 27 kDa protein 1 (HSPB1), and angiogenin (ANG) were upregulated in the diabetes 1 induced model; however, the model showed a different underlying mechanism with a majority of the regulated genes involved in metabolic disorders. In conclusion, our findings suggest that multiple mechanisms may contribute to diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF, and thus drug therapies may need to be guided more by phenotypic characteristics of the cardiac remodeling events than by the underlying molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rita Dias Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Saeed N Bajestani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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