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Crespo-Avilan GE, Hernandez-Resendiz S, Ramachandra CJ, Ungureanu V, Lin YH, Lu S, Bernhagen J, El Bounkari O, Preissner KT, Liehn EA, Hausenloy DJ. Metabolic reprogramming of immune cells by mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 to prevent post-vascular injury neointimal hyperplasia. Atherosclerosis 2024; 390:117450. [PMID: 38266625 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS New treatments are needed to prevent neointimal hyperplasia that contributes to post-angioplasty and stent restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We investigated whether modulating mitochondrial function using mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1) could reduce post-vascular injury neointimal hyperplasia by metabolic reprogramming of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS In vivo Mdivi-1 treatment of Apoe-/- mice fed a high-fat diet and subjected to carotid-wire injury decreased neointimal hyperplasia by 68%, reduced numbers of plaque vascular smooth muscle cells and pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages, and decreased plaque inflammation, endothelial activation, and apoptosis, when compared to control. Mdivi-1 treatment of human THP-1 macrophages shifted polarization from a pro-inflammatory M1-like to an anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype, reduced monocyte chemotaxis and migration to CCL2 and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. Finally, treatment of pro-inflammatory M1-type-macrophages with Mdivi-1 metabolically reprogrammed them to an anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation and attenuating the increase in succinate levels and correcting the decreased levels of arginine and citrulline. CONCLUSIONS We report that treatment with Mdivi-1 inhibits post-vascular injury neointimal hyperplasia by metabolic reprogramming macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype thereby highlighting the therapeutic potential of Mdivi-1 for preventing neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis following angioplasty and stenting in CAD and PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo E Crespo-Avilan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sauri Hernandez-Resendiz
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chrishan J Ramachandra
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor Ungureanu
- National Institute of Pathology, "Victor Babes", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ying-Hsi Lin
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengjie Lu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Omar El Bounkari
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus T Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; Kerckhoff-Heart-Research-Institute, Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisa A Liehn
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; National Institute of Pathology, "Victor Babes", Bucharest, Romania; Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of South Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore.
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2
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Zhao Q, Liu Z, Song P, Yuan Z, Zou MH. Mitochondria-derived Vesicle Packaging as a Novel Therapeutic Mechanism in Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:39-49. [PMID: 37713305 PMCID: PMC10768832 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0010oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction in pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) plays a causative role in the initiation and progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH); how mitochondria become dysfunctional in PH remains elusive. Mitochondria-derived vesicles (MDVs) are small subcellular vesicles that excise from mitochondria. Whether MDV deregulation causes mitochondrial dysfunction in PH is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine MDV regulation in ECs and to elucidate how MDV deregulation in ECs leads to PH. MDV formation and mitochondrial morphology/dynamics were examined in ECs of EC-specific liver kinase B1 (LKB1) knockout mice (LKB1ec-/-), in monocrotaline-induced PH rats, and in lungs of patients with PH. Pulmonary ECs of patients with PH and hypoxia-treated pulmonary ECs exhibited increased mitochondrial fragmentation and disorganized mitochondrial ultrastructure characterized by electron lucent-swelling matrix compartments and concentric layering of the cristae network, together with defective MDV shedding. MDVs actively regulated mitochondrial membrane dynamics and mitochondrial ultrastructure via removing mitofission-related cargoes. The shedding of MDVs from parental mitochondria required LKB1-mediated mitochondrial recruitment of Rab9 GTPase. LKB1ec-/- mice spontaneously developed PH with decreased mitochondrial pools of Rab9 GTPase, defective MDV shedding, and disequilibrium of the mitochondrial fusion-fission cycle in pulmonary ECs. Aerosol intratracheal delivery of adeno-associated virus LKB1 reversed PH, together with improved MDV shedding and mitochondrial function in rats in vivo. We conclude that LKB1 regulates MDV shedding and mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary ECs by enhancing mitochondrial recruitment of Rab9 GTPase. Defects of LKB1-mediated MDV shedding from parental mitochondria instigate EC dysfunction and PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
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3
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Santos EW, Khatoon S, Di Mise A, Zheng YM, Wang YX. Mitochondrial Dynamics in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomedicines 2023; 12:53. [PMID: 38255160 PMCID: PMC10813473 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for energy production, calcium homeostasis, redox signaling, and other cellular responses involved in pulmonary vascular biology and disease processes. Mitochondrial homeostasis depends on a balance in mitochondrial fusion and fission (dynamics). Mitochondrial dynamics are regulated by a viable circadian clock. Hypoxia and nicotine exposure can cause dysfunctions in mitochondrial dynamics, increases in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and calcium concentration, and decreases in ATP production. These mitochondrial changes contribute significantly to pulmonary vascular oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, contractile dysfunction, pathologic remodeling, and eventually pulmonary hypertension. In this review article, therefore, we primarily summarize recent advances in basic, translational, and clinical studies of circadian roles in mitochondrial metabolism in the pulmonary vasculature. This knowledge may not only be crucial to fully understanding the development of pulmonary hypertension, but also greatly help to create new therapeutic strategies for treating this devastating disease and other related pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ed Wilson Santos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (E.W.S.); (S.K.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Subika Khatoon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (E.W.S.); (S.K.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (E.W.S.); (S.K.); (A.D.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (E.W.S.); (S.K.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (E.W.S.); (S.K.); (A.D.M.)
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4
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Feng W, Luo X, Xiao B, Ding X, Gu Y, Lu Y, Yu Y. Vav2 promotes ductus arteriosus anatomic closure via the remodeling of smooth muscle cells by Rac1 activation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1567-1585. [PMID: 37804474 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02377-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The ductus arteriosus (DA), bridging the aorta and pulmonary artery, immediately starts closing after birth. Remodeling of DA leads to anatomic obstruction to prevent repatency. Several histological changes, especially extracellular matrices (ECMs) deposition and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) migration bring to anatomic closure. The genetic etiology and mechanism of DA closure remain elusive. We have previously reported a novel copy number variant containing Vav2 in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) patients, but its specific role in DA closure remains unknown. The present study revealed that the expression of Vav2 was reduced in human patent DA, and it was less enrichment in the adjacent aorta. Matrigel experiments demonstrated that Vav2 could promote SMC migration from PDA patient explants. Smooth muscle cells with Vav2 overexpression also presented an increased capacity in migration and downregulated contractile-related proteins. Meanwhile, SMCs with Vav2 overexpression exhibited higher expression of collagen III and lessened protein abundance of lysyl oxidase, and both changes are beneficial to DA remodeling. Overexpression of Vav2 resulted in increased activity of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA in SMCs. Further investigation noteworthily found that the above alterations caused by Vav2 overexpression were particularly reversed by Rac1 inhibitor. A heterozygous, rare Vav2 variant was identified in PDA patients. Compared with the wild type, this variant attenuated Vav2 protein expression and weakened the activation of downstream Rac1, further impairing its functions in SMCs. In conclusion, Vav2 functions as an activator for Rac1 in SMCs to promote SMCs migration, dedifferentiation, and ECMs production. Deleterious variant potentially induces Vav2 loss of function, further providing possible molecular mechanisms about Vav2 in PDA pathogenesis. These findings enriched the current genetic etiology of PDA, which may provide a novel target for prenatal diagnosis and treatment. KEY MESSAGES: Although we have proposed the potential association between Vav2 and PDA incidence through whole exome sequencing, the molecular mechanisms underlying Vav2 in PDA have never been reported. This work, for the first time, demonstrated that Vav2 was exclusively expressed in closed DAs. Moreover, we found that Vav2 participated in the process of anatomic closure by mediating SMCs migration, dedifferentiation, and ECMs deposition through Rac1 activation. Our findings first identified a deleterious Vav2 c.701C>T variant that affected its function in SMCs by impairing Rac1 activation, which may lead to PDA defect. Vav2 may become an early diagnosis and an effective intervention target for PDA clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yizhuo Wu
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weiqi Feng
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xueyang Luo
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaowei Ding
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yongjia Gu
- Department of Stomatology, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Yanan Lu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yu Yu
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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5
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Wang H, Yu W, Wang Y, Wu R, Dai Y, Deng Y, Wang S, Yuan J, Tan R. p53 contributes to cardiovascular diseases via mitochondria dysfunction: A new paradigm. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:846-858. [PMID: 37776918 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are leading causes of global mortality; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The tumor suppressor factor p53 has been extensively studied for its role in cancer and is also known to play an important role in regulating CVDs. Abnormal p53 expression levels and modifications contribute to the occurrence and development of CVDs. Additionally, mounting evidence underscores the critical involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs. Notably, studies indicate that p53 abnormalities directly correlate with mitochondrial dysfunction and may even interact with each other. Encouragingly, small molecule inhibitors targeting p53 have exhibited remarkable effects in animal models of CVDs. Moreover, therapeutic strategies aimed at mitochondrial-related molecules and mitochondrial replacement therapy have demonstrated their advantageous potential. Therefore, targeting p53 or mitochondria holds immense promise as a pioneering therapeutic approach for combating CVDs. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the mechanisms how p53 influences mitochondrial dysfunction, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondria-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics, in various CVDs. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss the potential significance of targeting p53 or mitochondria in the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ruihao Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ye Deng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, China.
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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6
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Bentley RET, Hindmarch CCT, Archer SL. Using omics to breathe new life into our understanding of the ductus arteriosus oxygen response. Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151715. [PMID: 36906478 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
The ductus arteriosus (DA) connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery (PA), directing placentally oxygenated blood away from the developing lungs. High pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance facilitate shunting of blood in utero from the pulmonary to the systemic circulation through the widely patent DA, thereby optimizing fetal oxygen (O2) delivery. With the transition from fetal (hypoxia) to neonatal (normoxia) oxygen conditions, the DA constricts while the PA dilates. This process often fails in prematurity, promoting congenital heart disease. Impaired O2-responsivness in the DA promotes persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA), the most common form of congenital heart disease. Knowledge of DA oxygen sensing has greatly advanced in the past few decades, however we still lack a complete understanding of the sensing mechanism. The genomic revolution of the past two decades has facilitated unprecedented discovery in every biological system. This review will demonstrate how multiomic integration of data generated from the DA can breathe new life into our understanding of the DA's oxygen response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles C T Hindmarch
- QCPU, Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- QCPU, Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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7
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Shin J, Tkachenko S, Chaklader M, Pletz C, Singh K, Bulut GB, Han YM, Mitchell K, Baylis RA, Kuzmin AA, Hu B, Lathia JD, Stenina-Adognravi O, Podrez E, Byzova TV, Owens GK, Cherepanova OA. Endothelial OCT4 is atheroprotective by preventing metabolic and phenotypic dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:2458-2477. [PMID: 35325071 PMCID: PMC9890633 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Until recently, the pluripotency factor Octamer (ATGCAAAT)-binding transcriptional factor 4 (OCT4) was believed to be dispensable in adult somatic cells. However, our recent studies provided clear evidence that OCT4 has a critical atheroprotective role in smooth muscle cells. Here, we asked if OCT4 might play a functional role in regulating endothelial cell (EC) phenotypic modulations in atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Specifically, we show that EC-specific Oct4 knockout resulted in increased lipid, LGALS3+ cell accumulation, and altered plaque characteristics consistent with decreased plaque stability. A combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and EC-lineage-tracing studies revealed increased EC activation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transitions, plaque neovascularization, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the absence of OCT4. Furthermore, we show that the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) transporter, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G2 (ABCG2), is a direct target of OCT4 in EC and establish for the first time that the OCT4/ABCG2 axis maintains EC metabolic homeostasis by regulating intracellular heme accumulation and related reactive oxygen species production, which, in turn, contributes to atherogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These results provide the first direct evidence that OCT4 has a protective metabolic function in EC and identifies vascular OCT4 and its signalling axis as a potential target for novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Connor Pletz
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kanwardeep Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gamze B Bulut
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Young min Han
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kelly Mitchell
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Richard A Baylis
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Andrey A Kuzmin
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cytology, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Olga Stenina-Adognravi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eugene Podrez
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tatiana V Byzova
- Department of Neuroscience, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gary K Owens
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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8
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Coceani F. Oxygen sensing in the ductus arteriosus-A unifying vision for two concepts. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:3325-3329. [PMID: 35302234 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Closure of the ductus arteriosus at birth is known to be related to the physiological rise in blood oxygen tension. Two main schemes have been proposed to explain the peculiar contraction of the ductus to oxygen, and their function is based on distinct sensor-effector complexes. Specifically, these schemes comprise a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-endothelin complex or, alternatively, a mitochondrial redox mechanism-voltage gated potassium channel complex. However, it is not clear how these systems may relate to the closure process. Here, it is proposed that they operate jointly within a single functional entity, with their combined activation being required for a full-fledged contraction of the vessel to oxygen. This arrangement is thought to ensure a smooth transition from the powerful relaxant mechanism that is evident through the early postnatal period. Validation of this concept would not only settle a central question in the operation of the ductus but may also afford a broader perspective in any future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Coceani
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Shin J, Hong SG, Choi SY, Rath ME, Saredy J, Jovin DG, Sayoc J, Park HS, Eguchi S, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Wang H, Houser SR, Park JY. Flow-induced endothelial mitochondrial remodeling mitigates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and promotes mitochondrial DNA integrity in a p53-dependent manner. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102252. [PMID: 35121402 PMCID: PMC8818582 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a pivotal role in orchestrating mitochondrial remodeling by regulating their content, fusion/fission processes, and intracellular signaling molecules that are associated with mitophagy and apoptosis pathways. In order to determine a molecular mechanism underlying flow-mediated mitochondrial remodeling in endothelial cells, we examined, herein, the role of p53 on mitochondrial adaptations to physiological flow and its relevance to vascular function using endothelial cell-specific p53 deficient mice. We observed no changes in aerobic capacity, basal blood pressure, or endothelial mitochondrial phenotypes in the endothelial p53 mull animals. However, after 7 weeks of voluntary wheel running exercise, blood pressure reduction and endothelial mitochondrial remodeling (biogenesis, elongation, and mtDNA replication) were substantially blunted in endothelial p53 null animals compared to the wild-type, subjected to angiotensin II-induced hypertension. In addition, endothelial mtDNA lesions were significantly reduced following voluntary running exercise in wild-type mice, but not in the endothelial p53 null mice. Moreover, in vitro studies demonstrated that unidirectional laminar flow exposure significantly increased key putative regulators for mitochondrial remodeling and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and mtDNA damage in a p53-dependent manner. Mechanistically, unidirectional laminar flow instigated translocalization of p53 into the mitochondrial matrix where it binds to mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM, resulting in improving mtDNA integrity. Taken together, our findings suggest that p53 plays an integral role in mitochondrial remodeling under physiological flow condition and the flow-induced p53-TFAM axis may be a novel molecular intersection for enhancing mitochondrial homeostasis in endothelial cells.
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10
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Luan Y, Ren KD, Luan Y, Chen X, Yang Y. Mitochondrial Dynamics: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of Vascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:770574. [PMID: 34938787 PMCID: PMC8685340 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.770574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis, are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endothelial cell (EC) or vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction leads to blood vessel abnormalities, which cause a series of vascular diseases. The mitochondria are the core sites of cell energy metabolism and function in blood vessel development and vascular disease pathogenesis. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fusion and fission, affect a variety of physiological or pathological processes. Multiple studies have confirmed the influence of mitochondrial dynamics on vascular diseases. This review discusses the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics, the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial fusion and fission, and their potential effects on ECs and VSMCs. We demonstrated the possibility of mitochondrial dynamics as a potential target for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai-Di Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Luan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Mitochondrial iron-sulfur clusters: Structure, function, and an emerging role in vascular biology. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102164. [PMID: 34656823 PMCID: PMC8577454 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential cofactors most commonly known for their role mediating electron transfer within the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The Fe-S cluster pathways that function within the respiratory complexes are highly conserved between bacteria and the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. Within the electron transport chain, Fe-S clusters play a critical role in transporting electrons through Complexes I, II and III to cytochrome c, before subsequent transfer to molecular oxygen. Fe-S clusters are also among the binding sites of classical mitochondrial inhibitors, such as rotenone, and play an important role in the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial Fe-S clusters also play a critical role in the pathogenesis of disease. High levels of ROS produced at these sites can cause cell injury or death, however, when produced at low levels can serve as signaling molecules. For example, Ndufs2, a Complex I subunit containing an Fe-S center, N2, has recently been identified as a redox-sensitive oxygen sensor, mediating homeostatic oxygen-sensing in the pulmonary vasculature and carotid body. Fe-S clusters are emerging as transcriptionally-regulated mediators in disease and play a crucial role in normal physiology, offering potential new therapeutic targets for diseases including malaria, diabetes, and cancer.
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12
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Bentley RET, Hindmarch CCT, Dunham-Snary KJ, Snetsinger B, Mewburn JD, Thébaud A, Lima PDA, Thébaud B, Archer SL. The molecular mechanisms of oxygen-sensing in human ductus arteriosus smooth muscle cells: A comprehensive transcriptome profile reveals a central role for mitochondria. Genomics 2021; 113:3128-3140. [PMID: 34245829 PMCID: PMC10659099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The ductus arteriosus (DA) connects the fetal pulmonary artery and aorta, diverting placentally oxygenated blood from the developing lungs to the systemic circulation. The DA constricts in response to increases in oxygen (O2) with the first breaths, resulting in functional DA closure, with anatomic closure occurring within the first days of life. Failure of DA closure results in persistent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), a common complication of extreme preterm birth. The DA's response to O2, though modulated by the endothelium, is intrinsic to the DA smooth muscle cells (DASMC). DA constriction is mediated by mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species, which increase in proportion to arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2). The resulting redox changes inhibit voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) leading to cell depolarization, calcium influx and DASMC constriction. To date, there has not been an unbiased assessment of the human DA O2-sensors using transcriptomics, nor are there known molecular mechanisms which characterize DA closure. DASMCs were isolated from DAs obtained from 10 term infants at the time of congenital heart surgery. Cells were purified by flow cytometry, negatively sorting using CD90 and CD31 to eliminate fibroblasts or endothelial cells, respectively. The purity of the DASMC population was confirmed by positive staining for α-smooth muscle actin, smoothelin B and caldesmon. Cells were grown for 96 h in hypoxia (2.5% O2) or normoxia (19% O2) and confocal imaging with Cal-520 was used to determine oxygen responsiveness. An oxygen-induced increase in intracellular calcium of 18.1% ± 4.4% and SMC constriction (-27% ± 1.5% shortening) occurred in all cell lines within five minutes. RNA sequencing of the cells grown in hypoxia and normoxia revealed significant regulation of 1344 genes (corrected p < 0.05). We examined these genes using Gene Ontology (GO). This unbiased assessment of altered gene expression indicated significant enrichment of the following GOterms: mitochondria, cellular respiration and transcription. The top regulated biologic process was generation of precursor metabolites and energy. The top regulated cellular component was mitochondrial matrix. The top regulated molecular function was transcription coactivator activity. Multiple members of the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NDUF) family are upregulated in human DASMC (hDASMC) following normoxia. Several of our differentially regulated transcripts are encoded by genes that have been associated with genetic syndromes that have an increased incidence of PDA (Crebb binding protein and Histone Acetyltransferase P300). This first examination of the effects of O2 on human DA transcriptomics supports a putative role for mitochondria as oxygen sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles C T Hindmarch
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; QCPU, Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Kimberly J Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Brooke Snetsinger
- QCPU, Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Mewburn
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Arthur Thébaud
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Patricia D A Lima
- QCPU, Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; QCPU, Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada.
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13
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Shi L, Ji Y, Zhao S, Li H, Jiang Y, Mao J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Mao Y, Sun X, Wang P, Ma J, Huang S. Crosstalk between reactive oxygen species and Dynamin-related protein 1 in periodontitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:19-32. [PMID: 34052344 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have great impacts on the development of periodontitis. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) mediated mitochondrial fission is the main reason and the result of excessive ROS generation. However, whether Drp1 and crosstalk between ROS and Drp1 contribute to the process of periodontitis remains elusive. We herein investigated the role and functional significance of crosstalk between ROS and Drp1 in periodontitis. Firstly, human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or Drp1 inhibitor mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1). Cell viability, apoptosis, osteogenic differentiation, expression of Drp1, and mitochondrial function were investigated. Secondly, mice with periodontitis were treated with NAC or Mdivi-1. Finally, gingival tissues were collected from periodontitis patients and healthy individuals to evaluate ROS and Drp1 levels. H2O2 induced cellular injury and inflammation, excessive ROS production, mitochondrial abnormalities, and increased expression of p-Drp1 and Drp1 in hPDLCs, which could be reversed by NAC and Mdivi-1. Moreover, both NAC and Mdivi-1 ameliorated tissue damage and inflammation, and decreased expression of p-Drp1 and Drp1 in mice with periodontitis. More importantly, patients with periodontitis presented significantly higher levels of ROS-induced oxidative damage and p-Drp1 than that in healthy individuals and correlated with clinical parameters. In summary, ROS-Drp1 crosstalk greatly promotes the development of periodontitis. Pharmacological blockade of this crosstalk might be a novel therapeutic strategy for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixi Shi
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Shantou Centre Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Yinghui Ji
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shufan Zhao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Mao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixin Mao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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14
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Zhen C, Liu H, Gao L, Tong Y, He C. Signal transducer and transcriptional activation 1 protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21240. [PMID: 33377257 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000325rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducers and transcriptional activation 1 (Stat1) is a member of the STATs family, and its role in various biological responses, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and immune regulation has been extensively studied. We aimed to investigate its role in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which is currently poorly understood. Experiments using H9C2 cardiomyocytes, Stat1, and IfngR cardiomyocyte-specific knockout mice revealed that Stat1 had a protective effect on cardiac hypertrophy. Using transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice, we analyzed the degree of hypertrophy using echocardiography, pathology, and at the molecular level. Mice lacking Stat1 had more pronounced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis than wild-type TAC mice. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms suggested that Stat1 downregulated the mRNA levels of hypertrophy and fibrosis markers to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy, and promotes mitochondrial fission through the Ucp2/P-Drp1 pathway, enhancing mitochondrial function, and increasing compensatory myocardial ATP production in the compensatory phase for cardiac hypertrophy inhibition. Overall, this comprehensive analysis revealed that Stat1 inhibits cardiac hypertrophy by downregulating hypertrophic and fibrotic marker genes and enhancing the mitochondrial function to enhance cardiomyocyte function through the Ucp2/P-Drp1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Ushio-Fukai M, Ash D, Nagarkoti S, Belin de Chantemèle EJ, Fulton DJR, Fukai T. Interplay Between Reactive Oxygen/Reactive Nitrogen Species and Metabolism in Vascular Biology and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1319-1354. [PMID: 33899493 PMCID: PMC8418449 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS; e.g., superoxide [O2•-] and hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS; e.g., nitric oxide [NO•]) at the physiological level function as signaling molecules that mediate many biological responses, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and gene expression. By contrast, excess ROS/RNS, a consequence of dysregulated redox homeostasis, is a hallmark of cardiovascular disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that both ROS and RNS regulate various metabolic pathways and enzymes. Recent studies indicate that cells have mechanisms that fine-tune ROS/RNS levels by tight regulation of metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. The ROS/RNS-mediated inhibition of glycolytic pathways promotes metabolic reprogramming away from glycolytic flux toward the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway to generate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for antioxidant defense. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which ROS/RNS regulate metabolic enzymes and cellular metabolism and how cellular metabolism influences redox homeostasis and the pathogenesis of disease. A full understanding of these mechanisms will be important for the development of new therapeutic strategies to treat diseases associated with dysregulated redox homeostasis and metabolism. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1319-1354.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dipankar Ash
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sheela Nagarkoti
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric J Belin de Chantemèle
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - David J R Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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16
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Liu Y, Luo Q, Su Z, Xing J, Wu J, Xiang L, Huang Y, Pan H, Wu X, Zhang X, Li J, Yan F, Zhang H. Suppression of Myocardial Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Compromises Metabolic Adaptation and Impairs Cardiac Function in Patients With Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease During Puberty. Circulation 2021; 143:2254-2272. [PMID: 33663226 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) is a complex pathophysiological condition involving systemic chronic hypoxia (CH). Some patients with CCHD are unoperated for various reasons and remain chronically hypoxic throughout their lives, which heightens the risk of heart failure as they age. Hypoxia activates cellular metabolic adaptation to balance energy demands by accumulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α). This study aims to determine the effect of CH on cardiac metabolism and function in patients with CCHD and its association with age. The role of HIF-1α in this process was investigated, and potential therapeutic targets were explored. METHODS Patients with CCHD (n=25) were evaluated for cardiac metabolism and function with positron emission tomography/computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Heart tissue samples were subjected to metabolomic and protein analyses. CH rodent models were generated to enable continuous observation of changes in cardiac metabolism and function. The role of HIF-1α in cardiac metabolic adaptation to CH was investigated with genetically modified animals and isotope-labeled metabolomic pathway tracing studies. RESULTS Prepubertal patients with CCHD had glucose-dominant cardiac metabolism and normal cardiac function. In comparison, among patients who had entered puberty, the levels of myocardial glucose uptake and glycolytic intermediates were significantly decreased, but fatty acids were significantly increased, along with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. These clinical phenotypes were replicated in CH rodent models. In patients with CCHD and animals exposed to CH, myocardial HIF-1α was upregulated before puberty but was significantly downregulated during puberty. In cardiomyocyte-specific Hif-1α-knockout mice, CH failed to initiate the switch of myocardial substrates from fatty acids to glucose, thereby inhibiting ATP production and impairing cardiac function. Increased insulin resistance during puberty suppressed myocardial HIF-1α and was responsible for cardiac metabolic maladaptation in animals exposed to CH. Pioglitazone significantly reduced myocardial insulin resistance, restored glucose metabolism, and improved cardiac function in pubertal CH animals. CONCLUSIONS In patients with CCHD, maladaptation of cardiac metabolism occurred during puberty, along with impaired cardiac function. HIF-1α was identified as the key regulator of cardiac metabolic adaptation in animals exposed to CH, and pubertal insulin resistance could suppress its expression. Pioglitazone administration during puberty might help improve cardiac function in patients with CCHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liu
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.).,Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Rare Pediatric Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., H.Z.)
| | - Qipeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Department of Anesthesia, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., X.W., F.Y.).,Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (Q.L.)
| | - Zhanhao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Junyue Xing
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.)
| | - Jinlin Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (J.W.)
| | - Li Xiang
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.)
| | - Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Haizhou Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Children's Heart Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (H.P.)
| | - Xie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Department of Anesthesia, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., X.W., F.Y.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Fuxia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Department of Anesthesia, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., X.W., F.Y.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.).,Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Rare Pediatric Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., H.Z.)
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17
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Hamrick SEG, Sallmon H, Rose AT, Porras D, Shelton EL, Reese J, Hansmann G. Patent Ductus Arteriosus of the Preterm Infant. Pediatrics 2020; 146:e20201209. [PMID: 33093140 PMCID: PMC7605084 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Postnatal ductal closure is stimulated by rising oxygen tension and withdrawal of vasodilatory mediators (prostaglandins, nitric oxide, adenosine) and by vasoconstrictors (endothelin-1, catecholamines, contractile prostanoids), ion channels, calcium flux, platelets, morphologic maturity, and a favorable genetic predisposition. A persistently patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants can have clinical consequences. Decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance, especially in extremely low gestational age newborns, increases left-to-right shunting through the ductus and increases pulmonary blood flow further, leading to interstitial pulmonary edema and volume load to the left heart. Potential consequences of left-to-right shunting via a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) include increased risk for prolonged ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis or focal intestinal perforation, intraventricular hemorrhage, and death. In the last decade, there has been a trend toward less aggressive treatment of PDA in preterm infants. However, there is a subgroup of infants who will likely benefit from intervention, be it pharmacologic, interventional, or surgical: (1) prophylactic intravenous indomethacin in highly selected extremely low gestational age newborns with PDA (<26 + 0/7 weeks' gestation, <750 g birth weight), (2) early targeted therapy of PDA in selected preterm infants at particular high risk for PDA-associated complications, and (3) PDA ligation, catheter intervention, or oral paracetamol may be considered as rescue options for hsPDA closure. The impact of catheter-based closure of hsPDA on clinical outcomes should be determined in future prospective studies. Finally, we provide a novel treatment algorithm for PDA in preterm infants that integrates the several treatment modalities in a staged approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E G Hamrick
- Divisions of Neonatology and
- Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hannes Sallmon
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Diego Porras
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elaine L Shelton
- Division of Neonatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Jeff Reese
- Division of Neonatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Georg Hansmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Bharath LP, Agrawal M, McCambridge G, Nicholas DA, Hasturk H, Liu J, Jiang K, Liu R, Guo Z, Deeney J, Apovian CM, Snyder-Cappione J, Hawk GS, Fleeman RM, Pihl RMF, Thompson K, Belkina AC, Cui L, Proctor EA, Kern PA, Nikolajczyk BS. Metformin Enhances Autophagy and Normalizes Mitochondrial Function to Alleviate Aging-Associated Inflammation. Cell Metab 2020; 32:44-55.e6. [PMID: 32402267 PMCID: PMC7217133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for the inflammation that underlies age-associated diseases; thus, anti-inflammaging drugs hold promise for increasing health span. Cytokine profiling and bioinformatic analyses showed that Th17 cytokine production differentiates CD4+ T cells from lean, normoglycemic older and younger subjects, and mimics a diabetes-associated Th17 profile. T cells from older compared to younger subjects also had defects in autophagy and mitochondrial bioenergetics that associate with redox imbalance. Metformin ameliorated the Th17 inflammaging profile by increasing autophagy and improving mitochondrial bioenergetics. By contrast, autophagy-targeting siRNA disrupted redox balance in T cells from young subjects and activated the Th17 profile by activating the Th17 master regulator, STAT3, which in turn bound IL-17A and F promoters. Mitophagy-targeting siRNA failed to activate the Th17 profile. We conclude that metformin improves autophagy and mitochondrial function largely in parallel to ameliorate a newly defined inflammaging profile that echoes inflammation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena P Bharath
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Madhur Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Grace McCambridge
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Dequina A Nicholas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Jing Liu
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Zhenheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jude Deeney
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline M Apovian
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Snyder-Cappione
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory S Hawk
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rebecca M Fleeman
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Riley M F Pihl
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anna C Belkina
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Licong Cui
- Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Proctor
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, and Engineering Science & Mechanics and Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Philip A Kern
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Barbara S Nikolajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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19
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Dai W, Wang G, Chwa J, Oh ME, Abeywardana T, Yang Y, Wang QA, Jiang L. Mitochondrial division inhibitor (mdivi-1) decreases oxidative metabolism in cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1288-1297. [PMID: 32147668 PMCID: PMC7188673 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggested that mdivi-1 (mitochondrial division inhibitor), a putative inhibitor of dynamin-related protein (DRP1), decreased cancer cell proliferation through inducing mitochondrial fusion and altering oxygen consumption. However, the metabolic reprogramming underlying the DRP1 inhibition is still unclear in cancer cells. Methods To better understand the metabolic effect of DRP1 inhibition, [U-13C]glucose isotope tracing was employed to assess mdivi-1 effects in several cancer cell lines, DRP1-WT (wild-type) and DRP1-KO (knockout) H460 lung cancer cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Results Mitochondrial staining confirmed that mdivi-1 treatment and DRP1 deficiency induced mitochondrial fusion. Surprisingly, metabolic isotope tracing found that mdivi-1 decreased mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the lung cancer cell lines H460, A549 and the colon cancer cell line HCT116. [U-13C]glucose tracing studies also showed that the TCA cycle intermediates had significantly lower enrichment in mdivi-1-treated cells. In comparison, DRP1-WT and DRP1-KO H460 cells had similar oxidative metabolism, which was decreased by mdivi-1 treatment. Furthermore, mdivi-1-mediated effects on oxidative metabolism were independent of mitochondrial fusion. Conclusions Our data suggest that, in cancer cells, mdivi-1, a putative inhibitor of DRP1, decreases oxidative metabolism to impair cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Dai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jason Chwa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Myung Eun Oh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Tharindumala Abeywardana
- Departments of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yanzhong Yang
- Departments of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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20
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Dasgupta A, Chen KH, Wu D, Hoskin V, Mewburn J, Lima PDA, Parlow LRG, Hindmarch CCT, Martin A, Sykes EA, Tayade C, Lightbody ED, Madarnas Y, SenGupta SK, Elliott BE, Nicol CJB, Archer SL. An epigenetic increase in mitochondrial fission by MiD49 and MiD51 regulates the cell cycle in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. FASEB J 2020; 34:5106-5127. [PMID: 32068312 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903117r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive proliferation and apoptosis-resistance are hallmarks of cancer. Increased dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission is one of the mediators of this phenotype. Mitochondrial fission that accompanies the nuclear division is called mitotic fission and occurs when activated Drp1 binds partner proteins on the outer mitochondrial membrane. We examine the role of Drp1-binding partners, mitochondrial dynamics protein of 49 and 51 kDa (MiD49 and MiD51), as drivers of cell proliferation and apoptosis-resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and invasive breast carcinoma (IBC). We also evaluate whether inhibiting MiDs can be therapeutically exploited to regress cancer. We show that MiD levels are pathologically elevated in NSCLC and IBC by an epigenetic mechanism (decreased microRNA-34a-3p expression). MiDs silencing causes cell cycle arrest through (a) increased expression of cell cycle inhibitors, p27Kip1 and p21Waf1 , (b) inhibition of Drp1, and (c) inhibition of the Akt-mTOR-p70S6K pathway. Silencing MiDs leads to mitochondrial fusion, cell cycle arrest, increased apoptosis, and tumor regression in a xenotransplant NSCLC model. There are positive correlations between MiD expression and tumor size and grade in breast cancer patients and inverse correlations with survival in NSCLC patients. The microRNA-34a-3p-MiDs axis is important to cancer pathogenesis and constitutes a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asish Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kuang-Hueih Chen
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Hoskin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Mewburn
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia D A Lima
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit (QCPU), Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Leah R G Parlow
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Charles C T Hindmarch
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit (QCPU), Translational Institute of Medicine (TIME), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ashley Martin
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Edward A Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Chandrakant Tayade
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth D Lightbody
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Sandip K SenGupta
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce E Elliott
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher J B Nicol
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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21
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Villamor E, Moreno L, Mohammed R, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, Cogolludo A. Reactive oxygen species as mediators of oxygen signaling during fetal-to-neonatal circulatory transition. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:82-96. [PMID: 30995535 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are frequently seen as pathological agents of oxidative stress. However, ROS are not always deleterious and can also act as cell signaling molecules. Vascular oxygen sensing and signaling during fetal-to-neonatal circulatory transition is a remarkable example of the physiological regulatory actions of ROS. The fetal relative hypoxic environment induces hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and ductus arteriosus (DA) relaxation favoring the presence of high pulmonary vascular resistance and right-to-left ductal shunt. At birth, the increase in oxygen tension causes relaxation of pulmonary arteries (PAs) and normoxic DA vasoconstriction (NDAV), thus diverting blood flow to the lungs. Although the response to changes in oxygen tension is diametrically opposite, the mechanisms responsible for HPV and NDAV appear to be the result of a similar interaction between triggering and modulating factors that lead to an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and Ca2+ sensitization of the contractile apparatus. Growing evidence points to an increase in ROS (mitochondria- and/or NADPH-derived superoxide and/or H2O2), leading to inhibition of voltage-gated K+ channels, membrane depolarization, and activation of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels as critical events in the signaling pathway of both HPV and NDAV. Several groups of investigators have completed this pathway adding other elements such as neutral sphingomyelinase-derived ceramide, the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (through ryanodine and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors), Rho kinase-mediated Ca2+ sensitization, or transient receptor potential channels. The present review focus on the role of ROS as mediators of the homeostatic oxygen sensing system during fetal and neonatal life not only in the PAs and DA but also in systemic arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Riazzudin Mohammed
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaíno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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22
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Zhao Y, Wang B, Zhang J, He D, Zhang Q, Pan C, Yuan Q, Shi Y, Tang H, Xu F, Wei S, Chen Y. ALDH2 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2) Protects Against Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:2303-2319. [PMID: 31510791 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) increases lipid peroxidation with generation of toxic aldehydes that are metabolized by detoxifying enzymes, including ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2). However, the role of lipid peroxidation and ALDH2 in HPH pathogenesis remain undefined. Approach and Results: To determine the role of lipid peroxidation and ALDH2 in HPH, C57BL/6 mice, ALDH2 transgenic mice, and ALDH2 knockout (ALDH2-/-) mice were exposed to chronic hypoxia, and recombinant tissue-specific ALDH2 overexpression adeno-associated viruses were introduced into pulmonary arteries via tail vein injection for ALDH2 overexpression. Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were used to elucidate underlying mechanisms in vitro. Chronic hypoxia promoted lipid peroxidation due to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and increased expression of lipoxygenases in lung tissues. 4-hydroxynonenal but not malondialdehyde level was increased in hypoxic lung tissues which might reflect differences in detoxifying enzymes. ALDH2 overexpression attenuated the development of HPH, whereas ALDH2 knockout aggravated it. Specific overexpression of ALDH2 using AAV1 (adeno-associated virus)-ICAM (intercellular adhesion molecule) 2p-ALDH2 and AAV2-SM22αp (smooth muscle 22 alpha)-ALDH2 viral vectors in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, but not endothelial cells, prevented the development of HPH. Hypoxia or 4-hydroxynonenal increased stabilization of HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1α, phosphorylation of Drp1 (dynamin-related protein 1) at serine 616, mitochondrial fission, and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation, whereas ALDH2 activation suppressed the latter 3. CONCLUSIONS Increased 4-hydroxynonenal level plays a critical role in the development of HPH. ALDH2 attenuates the development of HPH by regulating mitochondrial fission and smooth muscle cell proliferation suggesting ALDH2 as a potential new therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Bailu Wang
- Clinical Trial Center (B.W.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Jian Zhang
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Dayu He
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Qun Zhang
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Chang Pan
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Qiuhuan Yuan
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Yinan Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (Y.S., H.T.)
| | - Haiyang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (Y.S., H.T.).,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China (H.T.)
| | - Feng Xu
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Shujian Wei
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Yuguo Chen
- From the Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Y.Z., J.Z., D.H., Q.Z., C.P., Q.Y., F.X., S.W., Y.C.), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
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23
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Zhu Y, Li M, Lu Y, Li J, Ke Y, Yang J. Ilexgenin A inhibits mitochondrial fission and promote Drp1 degradation by Nrf2-induced PSMB5 in endothelial cells. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:481-489. [PMID: 30762899 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of important events involving in the pathological process of coronary artery disease. Many traditional Chinese medicines have been widely used for the treatment of AS. Previous studies have demonstrated that Ilexgenin A (IA) obtained from Ilex hainanensis Merr. could improve AS development. However, its underlying mechanism is still unknown. This study was conducted to explore the possible targets and mechanisms involving in the anti-atheroclerosis effect of IA. The results showed IA significantly promoted NO production, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and inflammatory cytokine production induced by palmitate (PA) in endothelial cells, demonstrating IA could improve endothelial dysfunction. Meanwhile, IA dramatically inhibited dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) expression and mitochondrial fission induced by PA whereas proteasome inhibitor epoxomicin attenuated its effect on Drp1 expression, indicating IA decreased Drp1 expression with regulation of proteasome. Furthermore, IA also could increase the expression of proteasome subunit beta type5 (PSMB5) and activate nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 knockdown eliminated the induction effect of IA on PSMB5 expression while abrogated its inhibition on ROS generation and mitochondrial fission stimulated by PA. These results demonstrated that IA could promote PSMB5 expression in an Nrf2-dependent manner, resulting in the suppression of mitochondrial fission, and thus improve endothelial dysfunction. These findings laid a foundation to the future development of IA as an agent to the prevention and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kunming Children's Hosiptal, Kunming, China
| | - Yawen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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24
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Liu W, Ye C, Cheng Q, Zhang X, Yao L, Li Q, Huang J, Liu Y, Zou Z, Wang H, Yan J, Zhu Y, Wang C, Ai D. Macrophage Raptor Deficiency-Induced Lysosome Dysfunction Exacerbates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 7:211-231. [PMID: 30539788 PMCID: PMC6282883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an increasingly prevalent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and hepatocellular damage. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has been investigated extensively in the context of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of mTORC1 in NASH remains largely unknown. METHODS mTORC1 activity in macrophages in human mild and severe NASH liver was compared. Mice with macrophage-specific deletion of the regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (Raptor) subunit and littermate controls were fed a high-fructose, palmitate, and cholesterol diet for 24 weeks or a methionine- and choline-deficient diet for 4 weeks to develop NASH. RESULTS We report that in human beings bearing NASH, macrophage mTORC1 activity was lower in livers experiencing severe vs mild NASH liver. Moreover, macrophage mTORC1 disruption exacerbated the inflammatory response in 2 diet-induced NASH mouse models. Mechanistically, in response to apoptotic hepatocytes (AHs), macrophage polarization toward a M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype was inhibited in Raptor-deficient macrophages. During the digestion of AHs, macrophage mTORC1 was activated and coupled with dynamin-related protein 1 to facilitate the latter's phosphorylation, leading to mitochondrial fission-mediated calcium release. Ionomycin or A23187, calcium ionophores, prevented Raptor deficiency-mediated failure of lysosome acidification and subsequent lipolysis. Blocking dynamin-related protein 1-dependent mitochondria fission impaired lysosome function, resulting in reduced production of anti-inflammatory factors such as interleukins 10 and 13. CONCLUSIONS Persistent mTORC1 deficiency in macrophages contributes to the progression of NASH by causing lysosome dysfunction and subsequently attenuating anti-inflammatory M2-like response in macrophages during clearance of AHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenji Ye
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liu Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengsheng Zou
- The Center for Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Military Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjiong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Hung YC, Yeh JL, Hsu JH. Molecular Mechanisms for Regulating Postnatal Ductus Arteriosus Closure. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071861. [PMID: 29941785 PMCID: PMC6073350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ductus arteriosus (DA) connects the main pulmonary artery and the aorta in fetal circulation and closes spontaneously within days after birth in normal infants. Abnormal patent DA (PDA) causes morbidities and mortality, especially in preterm infants. Closure of the DA is a complex interactive process involving two events: functional and anatomic closure. Functional closure by smooth muscle contraction was achieved through the regulatory factors of vaso-reactivity. These factors include oxygen sensing system, glutamate, osmolality, prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide. Anatomic closure by vascular remodeling involved several vascular components including endothelium, extracellular matrix, smooth muscle cells, and intraluminal blood cells. Despite advances in understanding of PDA pathogenesis, the molecular mechanism for regulation of DA closure is complex and not fully understood. In this article we review recent evidence regarding the molecular mechanisms of DA closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Joseph Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Schiffner R, Nistor M, Bischoff SJ, Matziolis G, Schmidt M, Lehmann T. Effects of human relaxin-2 (serelaxin) on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction during acute hypoxia in a sheep model. HYPOXIA (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2018; 6:11-22. [PMID: 29862306 PMCID: PMC5968803 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s165092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Hypoxia induces pulmonary vasoconstriction with a subsequent increase of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), which can result in pulmonary hypertension. Serelaxin has shown an increase of pulmonary hemodynamic parameters after serelaxin injection. We therefore investigated the response of pulmonary hemodynamic parameters after serelaxin administration in a clinically relevant model. Methods Six controls and six sheep that received 30 μg/kg serelaxin underwent right heart catheterization during a 12-minute hypoxia period (inhalation of 5% oxygen and 95% nitrogen) and subsequent reoxygenation. Systolic, diastolic, and mean values of both PAP (respectively, PAPs, PAPd, and PAPm) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (respectively, PCWPs, PCWPd, and PCWPm), blood gases, heart rate (HR), and both peripheral and pulmonary arterial oxygen saturation were obtained. Cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), pulmonary arterial compliance (PAcompl), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were calculated. Results The key findings of the current study are that serelaxin prevents the rise of PAPs (p≤0.001), PAPm, PCWPm, PCWPs (p≤0.03), and PAPd (p≤0.05) during hypoxia, while it simultaneously increases CO and SV (p≤0.001). Similar courses of decreases of PAPm, PAPd, PAPs, CO, SVR (p≤0.001), and PCWPd (p≤0.03) as compared to hypoxic values were observed during reoxygenation. In direct comparison, the experimental groups differed during hypoxia in regard to HR, PAPm, PVR, and SVR (p≤0.03), and during reoxygenation in regard to HR (p≤0.001), PAPm, PAPs, PAPd, PVR, SVR (p≤0.03), and PCWPd (p≤0.05). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that serelaxin treatment improves pulmonary hemodynamic parameters during acute hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Lehmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer Sciences and Documentation Science, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Veeranki S, Tyagi SC. Mdivi-1 induced acute changes in the angiogenic profile after ischemia-reperfusion injury in female mice. Physiol Rep 2018; 5:5/11/e13298. [PMID: 28576854 PMCID: PMC5471437 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi‐1), the mitochondrial fission inhibitor, on the angiogenic profiles after the ischemia reperfusion injury (IR injury) in female mice. Female mice were treated with Mdivi‐1 inhibitor, 2 days prior, on the day of IR injury and 2 days after IR injury, for a period of 5 days. Both control and treatment groups underwent 30 min of ischemia and 72 h of reperfusion. On the day 3, mice were sacrificed and the ischemic and nonischemic portions of heart tissue were collected. Relative levels of 53 angiogenesis‐related proteins were quantified simultaneously using Angiogenic arrays. Heart function was evaluated before and after 72 h of IR injury. Mdivi‐1 treatment ameliorated IR induced functional deterioration with positive angiogenic profile. The seminal changes include suppression of Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases (TIMP1) and chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels and prevention of connexin 43 (Cx43) loss and downregulation in the antioxidant enzyme levels. These changes are correlated with enhanced endothelial progenitor cell marker (cluster of differentiation (CD31), endothelial‐specific receptor tyrosine kinase (Tek), fMS‐like tyrosine kinase 4 (Flt4) and kinase insert domain protein receptor (Kdr)) presence. Our study is the first to report the role of mitochondrial dynamics in regulation of myocardial IR‐induced angiogenic responses. Inhibition of excessive mitochondrial fission after IR injury ameliorated heart dysfunction and conferred positive angiogenic response. In addition, there were improvements in the preservation of Cx43 levels and oxidative stress handling along with suppression of apoptosis activation. The findings will aid in shaping the rational drug development process for the prevention of ischemic heart disease, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their role in mediating both physiological and pathophysiological signal transduction. Enzymes and subcellular compartments that typically produce ROS are associated with metabolic regulation, and diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction may be influenced by changes in redox balance. In this review, we summarize the current literature surrounding ROS and their role in metabolic and inflammatory regulation, focusing on ROS signal transduction and its relationship to disease progression. In particular, we examine ROS production in compartments such as the cytoplasm, mitochondria, peroxisome, and endoplasmic reticulum and discuss how ROS influence metabolic processes such as proteasome function, autophagy, and general inflammatory signaling. We also summarize and highlight the role of ROS in the regulation metabolic/inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In order to develop therapies that target oxidative signaling, it is vital to understand the balance ROS signaling plays in both physiology and pathophysiology, and how manipulation of this balance and the identity of the ROS may influence cellular and tissue homeostasis. An increased understanding of specific sources of ROS production and an appreciation for how ROS influence cellular metabolism may help guide us in the effort to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Daniel S Kikuchi
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Marina S Hernandes
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Qian Xu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA.
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Tandler B, Hoppel CL, Mears JA. Morphological Pathways of Mitochondrial Division. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7020030. [PMID: 29462856 PMCID: PMC5836020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission is essential for distributing cellular energy throughout cells and for isolating damaged regions of the organelle that are targeted for degradation. Excessive fission is associated with the progression of cell death as well. Therefore, this multistep process is tightly regulated and several physiologic cues directly impact mitochondrial division. The double membrane structure of mitochondria complicates this process, and protein factors that drive membrane scission need to coordinate the separation of both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. In this review, we discuss studies that characterize distinct morphological changes associated with mitochondrial division. Specifically, coordinated partitioning and pinching of mitochondria have been identified as alternative mechanisms associated with fission. Additionally, we highlight the major protein constituents that drive mitochondrial fission and the role of connections with the endoplasmic reticulum in establishing sites of membrane division. Collectively, we review decades of research that worked to define the molecular framework of mitochondrial fission. Ongoing studies will continue to sort through the complex network of interactions that drive this critical event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Tandler
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jason A Mears
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Shen YL, Shi YZ, Chen GG, Wang LL, Zheng MZ, Jin HF, Chen YY. TNF-α induces Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation during inflammatory cardiomyocyte injury. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2317-2327. [PMID: 29336470 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamin-related peptide 1 (Drpl)-mediated mitochondrial fission is an important process associated with cardiac dysfunction under different pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of Drpl during inflammatory myocardial injury. Sprague‑Dawley rats were treated intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Furthermore, cultured H9C2 cardiomyocytes were treated with LPS, interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α). Total and mitochondrial proteins were isolated from the heart tissue of rats and from the H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Expression levels of Drp1 and RhoA were analyzed by western blotting. Mitochondrial morphology was determined using confocal laser microscopy. The levels of mitochondrial Drp1 and phosphorylated‑Drp1 (p‑Drp1) Ser616 were revealed to be increased in rats 6 h after injection with LPS (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg). Furthermore, treatment with LPS and IL‑6 did not demonstrate a significant effect on the expression of total and mitochondrial Drp1 in H9C2 cardiomyocytes in vitro; however, treatment with TNF‑α (20 ng/ml) significantly enhanced the levels of mitochondrial Drp1 and p‑Drp1 Ser616. Following TNF‑α treatment, the expression of Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) was also revealed to increase. Treatment with both Y‑27632 and fasudil, [Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors], was demonstrated to attenuate the otherwise TNF‑α‑induced increase in p‑Drp1 Ser616 and mitochondrial Drp1. In addition, it was revealed that Y‑27632 and fasudil may also attenuate the TNF‑α‑induced increase in mitochondrial fragmentation and cell viability. Therefore, the findings of the present study suggest that TNF‑α is the predominant inducer of Drp1 S616 phosphorylation during sepsis. The results of the present study also suggest that the RhoA/ROCK pathway may be involved in the phosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of Drp1, which leads to mitochondrial fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Liang Shen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Zhou Shi
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Gai-Ge Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Feng Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Chen W, Li J, Qi S, Hong S, Wang Y, Gao L, Shi Z, Liu Y, Liu W, Chi Y, Liu C, Fu Y, Yin X. Involvement of mitochondrial fission in calcium sensing receptor-mediated vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation during hypertension. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:454-460. [PMID: 29128361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Proper mitochondrial fission and fusion is involved with VSMC function. However, the role and mechanism of mitochondrial morphological changes in VSMC proliferation are not well understood. Here, we found that calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) was increased in the aortas from spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) compared with age-matched Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. There was also an increase in mitochondrial fission and VSMC proliferation, which was attenuated by Calhex231. In primary rat VMSC, angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulation induced cytosolic [Ca2+]i increase, mitochondrial shortening and proliferation, all of which could be attenuated by pretreatment with mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1) and Calhex231. Our data indicate that CaSR-mediated mitochondrial fission could be a therapeutic target for hyperproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Wenjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Shuhan Qi
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Siting Hong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Yinyu Chi
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Chunnan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Xinhua Yin
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
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Saikosaponin-d, a calcium mobilizing agent, sensitizes chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by facilitating mitochondrial fission and G2/M arrest. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99825-99840. [PMID: 29245943 PMCID: PMC5725134 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) and its derivatives are first line anti-cancer drugs for ovarian cancer (OVCA). However, chemoresistance due to high incidence of p53 mutations leads to poor clinical prognosis. Saikosaponin-d (Ssd), a saponin from a herbal plant extract, has been shown to induce cell death and sensitize chemoresistant cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we demonstrated that Ssd sensitized chemoresistant OVCA cells with either p53-wt, -mutant and -null to CDDP. The action of Ssd appears to be through induction of mitochondrial fragmentation and G2/M arrest. Ssd is mediated via calcium signaling, up-regulation of the mitochondrial fission proteins Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), and loss in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, in the presence of CDDP, Ssd also down-regulates protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 D (PPM1D) and increases the phosphorylation of checkpoint protein kinases (Chk) 1, cell division cycle 25c (Cdc25c) and Cyclin dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1). Our findings suggest that Ssd could sensitize OVCA to CDDP independent of the p53 status through multiple signaling pathways. They support the notion that Ssd may be a novel adjuvant for the treatment of chemoresistant OVCA.
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Smith G, Gallo G. To mdivi-1 or not to mdivi-1: Is that the question? Dev Neurobiol 2017; 77:1260-1268. [PMID: 28842943 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fission/division and fusion of mitochondria are fundamental aspects of mitochondrial biology. The balance of fission and fusion sets the length of mitochondria in cells to serve their physiological requirements. The fission of mitochondria is markedly induced in many disease states and in response to cellular injury, resulting in the fragmentation of mitochondria into dysfunctional units. The mechanism that drives fission is dependent on the dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) GTPase. mdivi-1 is a quinazolinone originally described as a selective inhibitor of Drp1, over other dynamin family members, and reported to inhibit mitochondrial fission. A recent study has challenged the activity of mdivi-1 as an inhibitor of Drp1. This study raises serious issues regarding the interpretation of data addressing the effects of mdivi-1 as reflective of the inhibition of Drp1 and thus fission. This commentary considers the evidence for and against mdivi-1 as an inhibitor of Drp1 and presents the following considerations; (1) the activity of mdivi-1 toward Drp1 GTPase activity requires further biochemical investigation, (2) as there is a large body of literature using mdivi-1 in vitro with effects as predicted for inhibition of Drp1 and mitochondrial fission, reviewed herein, the evidence is in favor of mdivi-1's originally described bioactivity, and (3) until the issue is resolved, experimental interpretations for the effects of mdivi-1 on inhibition of fission in cell and tissue experiments warrants stringent positive controls directly addressing the effects of mdivi-1 on fission. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 1260-1268, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling by promoting mitofusin-2-mediated mitochondrial fusion. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 809:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Perdiz D, Lorin S, Leroy-Gori I, Poüs C. Stress-induced hyperacetylation of microtubule enhances mitochondrial fission and modulates the phosphorylation of Drp1 at 616Ser. Cell Signal 2017; 39:32-43. [PMID: 28757354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria dynamics results from fission and fusion events that may be unbalanced in favor of mitochondrial fragmentation upon cell stress. During oxidative stress, microtubules are hyperacetylated in a mitochondria-dependent manner. In this study, we show that under stress conditions, most of the mitochondria form foci with microtubule domains that carry Drp1. We also demonstrate that stress-induced hyperacetylation of microtubules is required for the effective induction of Drp1 phosphorylation at 616Ser, in a kinesin-1- and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent manner. Furthermore, hyperacetylation of microtubules contributes to the recruitment of total Drp1 to mitochondria to enhance fission. These results highlight a new way of interaction between microtubules and mitochondria dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Perdiz
- Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Séverine Lorin
- Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ingrid Leroy-Gori
- Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Christian Poüs
- Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Biochimie-Hormonologie, APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Site Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
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36
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The role of Drp1 adaptor proteins MiD49 and MiD51 in mitochondrial fission: implications for human disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:1861-74. [PMID: 27660309 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial morphology is governed by the balance of mitochondrial fusion, mediated by mitofusins and optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), and fission, mediated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Disordered mitochondrial dynamics alters metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis and mitophagy, contributing to human diseases, including neurodegenerative syndromes, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), cancer and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Post-translational regulation of Drp1 (by phosphorylation and SUMOylation) is an established means of modulating Drp1 activation and translocation to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). This review focuses on Drp1 adaptor proteins that also regulate fission. The proteins include fission 1 (Fis1), mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) and mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 49 kDa and 51 kDa (MiD49, MiD51). Heterologous MiD overexpression sequesters inactive Drp1 on the OMM, promoting fusion; conversely, increased endogenous MiD creates focused Drp1 multimers that optimize OMM scission. The triggers that activate MiD-bound Drp1 in disease states are unknown; however, MiD51 has a unique capacity for ADP binding at its nucleotidyltransferase domain. Without ADP, MiD51 inhibits Drp1, whereas ADP promotes MiD51-mediated fission, suggesting a link between metabolism and fission. Confusion over whether MiDs mediate fusion (by sequestering inactive Drp1) or fission (by guiding Drp1 assembly) relates to a failure to consider cell types used and to distinguish endogenous compared with heterologous changes in expression. We speculate that endogenous MiDs serve as Drp1-binding partners that are dysregulated in disease states and may be important targets for inhibiting cell proliferation and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Moreover, it appears that the composition of the fission apparatus varies between disease states and amongst individuals. MiDs may be important targets for inhibiting cell proliferation and attenuating ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Shimauchi T, Nishimura A, Ishikawa T, Nishida M. Eco-pharma of approved drug focused on mitochondria fission. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2017. [PMID: 28626119 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.149.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhuang X, Maimaitijiang A, Li Y, Shi H, Jiang X. Salidroside inhibits high-glucose induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via inhibiting mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:515-524. [PMID: 28672961 PMCID: PMC5488502 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, carefully maintaining network homeostasis by regulating mitochondrial fusion and fission. Mitochondrial dynamics are involved in the regulation of a variety of pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation. Oxidative stress serves an important role in the remodeling of arterial vascular tissue in diabetic patients by affecting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Salidroside is the primary active component of Rhodiola rosea and has been demonstrated to be an antioxidant with cardio- and vascular-protective effects, in addition to improving glucose metabolism. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the impact of Salidroside on VSMC proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial dynamics under high glucose conditions and the potential mechanisms involved. The current study used Salidroside and a mitochondrial division inhibitor, specifically of Drp1 (Mdivi-1) to treat VSMCs under high glucose conditions for 24 h and assessed VSMCs proliferation, the state of mitochondrial fission and fusion and the expression level of proteins related to mitochondrial dynamics including dynamin-related protein (Drp1) and mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), ROS level and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity. The results of the present study indicate that Salidroside and Mdivi-1 inhibit VSMC proliferation, Drp1 expression and oxidative stress and upregulate Mfn2 expression (all P<0.05). The inhibitive effect on VSMC proliferation may be partly reversed by exogenous ROS. In addition, the inhibitive effect on VSMCs proliferation and oxidative stress may also be in part reversed by Mfn2-siRNA. Collectively, these data suggest that Salidroside inhibits VSMCs proliferation induced by high-glucose and may perform its therapeutic effect via maintaining mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis and regulating oxidative stress level, with Mfn2 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200036, P.R. China
| | | | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200036, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200036, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200036, P.R. China
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Wu D, Huang RT, Hamanaka RB, Krause M, Oh MJ, Kuo CH, Nigdelioglu R, Meliton AY, Witt L, Dai G, Civelek M, Prabhakar NR, Fang Y, Mutlu GM. HIF-1α is required for disturbed flow-induced metabolic reprogramming in human and porcine vascular endothelium. eLife 2017; 6:e25217. [PMID: 28556776 PMCID: PMC5495571 DOI: 10.7554/elife.25217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic forces regulate vascular functions. Disturbed flow (DF) occurs in arterial bifurcations and curvatures, activates endothelial cells (ECs), and results in vascular inflammation and ultimately atherosclerosis. However, how DF alters EC metabolism, and whether resulting metabolic changes induce EC activation, is unknown. Using transcriptomics and bioenergetic analysis, we discovered that DF induces glycolysis and reduces mitochondrial respiratory capacity in human aortic ECs. DF-induced metabolic reprogramming required hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), downstream of NAD(P)H oxidase-4 (NOX4)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). HIF-1α increased glycolytic enzymes and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK-1), which reduces mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Swine aortic arch endothelia exhibited elevated ROS, NOX4, HIF-1α, and glycolytic enzyme and PDK1 expression, suggesting that DF leads to metabolic reprogramming in vivo. Inhibition of glycolysis reduced inflammation suggesting a causal relationship between flow-induced metabolic changes and EC activation. These findings highlight a previously uncharacterized role for flow-induced metabolic reprogramming and inflammation in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Ru-Ting Huang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Robert B Hamanaka
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Matt Krause
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Myung-Jin Oh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Recep Nigdelioglu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Angelo Y Meliton
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Leah Witt
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Guohao Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Nanduri R Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
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The Interplay between Oncogenic Signaling Networks and Mitochondrial Dynamics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020033. [PMID: 28513539 PMCID: PMC5488013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that alter their organization in response to a variety of cellular cues. Mitochondria are central in many biologic processes, such as cellular bioenergetics and apoptosis, and mitochondrial network morphology can contribute to those physiologic processes. Some of the biologic processes that are in part governed by mitochondria are also commonly deregulated in cancers. Furthermore, patient tumor samples from a variety of cancers have revealed that mitochondrial dynamics machinery may be deregulated in tumors. In this review, we will discuss how commonly mutated oncogenes and their downstream effector pathways regulate the mitochondrial dynamics machinery to promote changes in mitochondrial morphology as well as the physiologic consequences of altered mitochondrial morphology for tumorigenic growth.
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Sun L, Moritake T, Ito K, Matsumoto Y, Yasui H, Nakagawa H, Hirayama A, Inanami O, Tsuboi K. Metabolic analysis of radioresistant medulloblastoma stem-like clones and potential therapeutic targets. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176162. [PMID: 28426747 PMCID: PMC5398704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a fatal brain tumor in children, primarily due to the presence of treatment-resistant medulloblastoma stem cells. The energy metabolic pathway is a potential target of cancer therapy because it is often different between cancer cells and normal cells. However, the metabolic properties of medulloblastoma stem cells, and whether specific metabolic pathways are essential for sustaining their stem cell-like phenotype and radioresistance, remain unclear. We have established radioresistant medulloblastoma stem-like clones (rMSLCs) by irradiation of the human medulloblastoma cell line ONS-76. Here, we assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondria function, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), energy state, and metabolites of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle in rMSLCs and parental cells. rMSLCs showed higher lactate production and lower oxygen consumption rate than parental cells. Additionally, rMSLCs had low mitochondria mass, low endogenous ROS production, and existed in a low-energy state. Treatment with the metabolic modifier dichloroacetate (DCA) resulted in mitochondria dysfunction, glycolysis inhibition, elongated mitochondria morphology, and increased ROS production. DCA also increased radiosensitivity by suppression of the DNA repair capacity through nuclear oxidization and accelerated the generation of acetyl CoA to compensate for the lack of ATP. Moreover, treatment with DCA decreased cancer stem cell-like characters (e.g., CD133 positivity and sphere-forming ability) in rMSLCs. Together, our findings provide insights into the specific metabolism of rMSLCs and illuminate potential metabolic targets that might be exploited for therapeutic benefit in medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lue Sun
- Department of Radiological Health Science, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Department of Radiological Health Science, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kazuya Ito
- Department of Radiobiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsumoto
- Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aki Hirayama
- Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuboi
- Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Singh S, Sharma S. Dynamin-related protein-1 as potential therapeutic target in various diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:383-392. [PMID: 28409390 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria can interchange morphology due to their dynamic nature. It can exist in either fragmented disconnected arrangement or elongated interconnected mitochondrial networks due to fission and fusion, respectively. The recent studies have revealed the remarkable and unexpected insights into the physiological impact and molecular regulation of mitochondrial morphology. The balance between fission and fusion governs the faith of the cell. The active targeting of DRP 1 to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) is done by non-GTPase receptor proteins such as mitochondrial fission factor, mitochondrial fission protein 1 and mitochondrial elongation factor 1. The active targeting of DRP 1 to OMM leads to the fission of mitochondria. However, the imbalance of DRP 1-dependent mitochondrial fission and modulation of equilibrium of fission and fusion has been documented to be involved in several cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we are focusing on the active participation of DRP 1 in various diseases and also the factors responsible for the activation of DRP 1 for its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder Singh
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Wang S, Zhang F, Zhao G, Cheng Y, Wu T, Wu B, Zhang YE. Mitochondrial PKC-ε deficiency promotes I/R-mediated myocardial injury via GSK3β-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2009-2021. [PMID: 28266127 PMCID: PMC5571523 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission is critically involved in cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which has been considered as one of the leading causes of ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced myocardial injury. In our previous works, we demonstrate that aldehyde dehydrogenase‐2 (ALDH2) deficiency aggravates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether ALDH2 deficiency promotes mitochondrial injury and cardiomyocyte death in response to I/R stress and the underlying mechanism. I/R injury was induced by aortic cross‐clamping for 45 min. followed by unclamping for 24 hrs in ALDH2 knockout (ALDH2−/−) and wild‐type (WT) mice. Then myocardial infarct size, cell apoptosis and cardiac function were examined. The protein kinase C (PKC) isoform expressions and their mitochondrial translocation, the activity of dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1), caspase9 and caspase3 were determined by Western blot. The effects of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) or PKC‐δ shRNA treatment on glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) activity and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening were also detected. The results showed that ALDH2−/− mice exhibited increased myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, enhanced levels of cleaved caspase9, caspase3 and phosphorylated Drp1. Mitochondrial PKC‐ε translocation was lower in ALDH2−/− mice than in WT mice, and PKC‐δ was the opposite. Further data showed that mitochondrial PKC isoform ratio was regulated by cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, which could be reversed by NAC pre‐treatment under I/R injury. In addition, PKC‐ε inhibition caused activation of caspase9, caspase3 and Drp1Ser616 in response to I/R stress. Importantly, expression of phosphorylated GSK‐3β (inactive form) was lower in ALDH2−/− mice than in WT mice, and both were increased by NAC pre‐treatment. I/R‐induced mitochondrial translocation of GSK‐3β was inhibited by PKC‐δ shRNA or NAC pre‐treatment. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) was reduced in ALDH2−/− mice after I/R, which was partly reversed by the GSK‐3β inhibitor (SB216763) or PKC‐δ shRNA. Collectively, our data provide the evidence that abnormal PKC‐ε/PKC‐δ ratio promotes the activation of Drp1 signalling, caspase cascades and GSK‐3β‐dependent mPTP opening, which results in mitochondrial injury‐triggered cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfuction in ALDH2−/− mice following I/R stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Heart Centre of Zhengzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - You-En Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Drp1-Dependent Mitochondrial Fission Plays Critical Roles in Physiological and Pathological Progresses in Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010144. [PMID: 28098754 PMCID: PMC5297777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research has demonstrated that mitochondrial morphology, distribution, and function are maintained by the balanced regulation of mitochondrial fission and fusion, and perturbation of the homeostasis between these processes has been related to cell or organ dysfunction and abnormal mitochondrial redistribution. Abnormal mitochondrial fusion induces the fragmentation of mitochondria from a tubular morphology into pieces; in contrast, perturbed mitochondrial fission results in the fusion of adjacent mitochondria. A member of the dynamin family of large GTPases, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), effectively influences cell survival and apoptosis by mediating the mitochondrial fission process in mammals. Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission is an intricate process regulating both cellular and organ dynamics, including development, apoptosis, acute organ injury, and various diseases. Only after clarification of the regulative mechanisms of this critical protein in vivo and in vitro will it set a milestone for preventing mitochondrial fission related pathological processes and refractory diseases.
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Dunham-Snary KJ, Wu D, Sykes EA, Thakrar A, Parlow LRG, Mewburn JD, Parlow JL, Archer SL. Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction: From Molecular Mechanisms to Medicine. Chest 2017; 151:181-192. [PMID: 27645688 PMCID: PMC5310129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a homeostatic mechanism that is intrinsic to the pulmonary vasculature. Intrapulmonary arteries constrict in response to alveolar hypoxia, diverting blood to better-oxygenated lung segments, thereby optimizing ventilation/perfusion matching and systemic oxygen delivery. In response to alveolar hypoxia, a mitochondrial sensor dynamically changes reactive oxygen species and redox couples in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC). This inhibits potassium channels, depolarizes PASMC, activates voltage-gated calcium channels, and increases cytosolic calcium, causing vasoconstriction. Sustained hypoxia activates rho kinase, reinforcing vasoconstriction, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, leading to adverse pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension (PH). In the nonventilated fetal lung, HPV diverts blood to the systemic vasculature. After birth, HPV commonly occurs as a localized homeostatic response to focal pneumonia or atelectasis, which optimizes systemic Po2 without altering pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). In single-lung anesthesia, HPV reduces blood flow to the nonventilated lung, thereby facilitating thoracic surgery. At altitude, global hypoxia causes diffuse HPV, increases PAP, and initiates PH. Exaggerated or heterogeneous HPV contributes to high-altitude pulmonary edema. Conversely, impaired HPV, whether due to disease (eg, COPD, sepsis) or vasodilator drugs, promotes systemic hypoxemia. Genetic and epigenetic abnormalities of this oxygen-sensing pathway can trigger normoxic activation of HIF-1α and can promote abnormal metabolism and cell proliferation. The resulting pseudohypoxic state underlies the Warburg metabolic shift and contributes to the neoplasia-like phenotype of PH. HPV and oxygen sensing are important in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Edward A Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Amar Thakrar
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Leah R G Parlow
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Joel L Parlow
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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Tanner MJ, Wang J, Ying R, Suboc TB, Malik M, Couillard A, Branum A, Puppala V, Widlansky ME. Dynamin-related protein 1 mediates low glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction in human arterioles. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 312:H515-H527. [PMID: 27923790 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00499.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intensive glycemic regulation has resulted in an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemic burden correlates with adverse cardiovascular complications and contributes acutely and chronically to endothelial dysfunction. Prior data indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to hypoglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, but the mechanisms behind this linkage remain unknown. We attempt to determine whether clinically relevant low-glucose (LG) exposures acutely induce endothelial dysfunction through activation of the mitochondrial fission process. Characterization of mitochondrial morphology was carried out in cultured endothelial cells by using confocal microscopy. Isolated human arterioles were used to explore the effect LG-induced mitochondrial fission has on the formation of detrimental reactive oxygen species (ROS), bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), and endothelial-dependent vascular relaxation. Fluorescence microscopy was employed to visualize changes in mitochondrial ROS and NO levels and videomicroscopy applied to measure vasodilation response. Pharmacological disruption of the profission protein Drp1 with Mdivi-1 during LG exposure reduced mitochondrial fragmentation among vascular endothelial cells (LG: 0.469; LG+Mdivi-1: 0.276; P = 0.003), prevented formation of vascular ROS (LG: 2.036; LG+Mdivi-1: 1.774; P = 0.005), increased the presence of NO (LG: 1.352; LG+Mdivi-1: 1.502; P = 0.048), and improved vascular dilation response to acetylcholine (LG: 31.6%; LG+Mdivi-1; 78.5% at maximum dose; P < 0.001). Additionally, decreased expression of Drp1 via siRNA knockdown during LG conditions also improved vascular relaxation. Exposure to LG imparts endothelial dysfunction coupled with altered mitochondrial phenotypes among isolated human arterioles. Disruption of Drp1 and subsequent mitochondrial fragmentation events prevents impaired vascular dilation, restores mitochondrial phenotype, and implicates mitochondrial fission as a primary mediator of LG-induced endothelial dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Acute low-glucose exposure induces mitochondrial fragmentation in endothelial cells via Drp1 and is associated with impaired endothelial function in human arterioles. Targeting of Drp1 prevents fragmentation, improves vasofunction, and may provide a therapeutic target for improving cardiovascular complications among diabetics.Listen to this article's corresponding podcast @ http://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/mitochondrial-dynamics-impact-endothelial-function/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Tanner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jingli Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Rong Ying
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Tisha B Suboc
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mobin Malik
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Allison Couillard
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Amberly Branum
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Venkata Puppala
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael E Widlansky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Cui L, Li Z, Chang X, Cong G, Hao L. Quercetin attenuates vascular calcification by inhibiting oxidative stress and mitochondrial fission. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 88:21-29. [PMID: 27932069 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a strong independent predictor of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and has a high prevalence among patients with chronic kidney disease. The present study investigated the effects of quercetin on vascular calcification caused by oxidative stress and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics both in vitro and in vivo. Calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with inorganic phosphate (Pi) exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, as demonstrated by decreased mitochondrial potential and ATP production. Disruption of mitochondrial structural integrity was also observed in a rat model of adenine-induced aortic calcification. Increased production of reactive oxygen species, enhanced expression and phosphorylation of Drp1, and excessive mitochondrial fragmentation were also observed in Pi-treated VSMCs. These effects were accompanied by mitochondria-dependent apoptotic events, including release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol and subsequent activation of caspase-3. Quercetin was shown to block Pi-induced apoptosis and calcification of VSMCs by inhibiting oxidative stress and decreasing mitochondrial fission by inhibiting the expression and phosphorylation of Drp1. Quercetin also significantly ameliorated adenine-induced aortic calcification in rats. In summary, our findings suggest that quercetin attenuates calcification by reducing apoptosis of VSMCs by blocking oxidative stress and inhibiting mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Xueying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Guangting Cong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Lirong Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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Liu MY, Jin J, Li SL, Yan J, Zhen CL, Gao JL, Zhang YH, Zhang YQ, Shen X, Zhang LS, Wei YY, Zhao Y, Wang CG, Bai YL, Dong DL. Mitochondrial Fission of Smooth Muscle Cells Is Involved in Artery Constriction. Hypertension 2016; 68:1245-1254. [PMID: 27572148 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles and continuously undergo fission and fusion processes. Mitochondrial fission is involved in multiple physiological or pathological processes, but the role of mitochondrial fission of smooth muscle cells in artery constriction is unknown. The role of mitochondrial fission of smooth muscle cells in arterial function was investigated by measuring the tension of rat mesenteric arteries and thoracic aorta and by evaluating mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and cytosolic [Ca2+]i in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Mitochondrial fission inhibitors mdivi-1 and dynasore antagonized phenylephrine- and high K+-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries. Mdivi-1 relaxed phenylephrine-induced constriction, and mdivi-1 pretreatment prevented phenylephrine-induced constriction in mice, rat aorta, and human mesenteric arteries. Phenylephrine- and high K+-induced increase of mitochondrial fission in smooth muscle cells of rat aorta and the increase was inhibited by mdivi-1. Mdivi-1 inhibited high K+-induced increases of mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and cytosolic [Ca2+]i in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Prechelation of cytosolic Ca2+ prevented high K+-induced cytosolic [Ca2+]i increase, mitochondrial fission, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species overproduction. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-TEMPO antagonized phenylephrine- and high K+-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries. Nitroglycerin and ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase) inhibitor Y27632, the 2 vasodilators with different vasorelaxant mechanisms, relaxed high K+-induced vasoconstriction and inhibited high K+-induced mitochondrial fission. In conclusion, the mitochondrial fission of smooth muscle cells is involved in artery constriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Jing Jin
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Shan-Liang Li
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Jie Yan
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Chang-Lin Zhen
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Jin-Lai Gao
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yong-Hui Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Xin Shen
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Liang-Shuan Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wei
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yu Zhao
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Chen-Guang Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yun-Long Bai
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University
| | - De-Li Dong
- From the Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University.
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49
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Gottlieb RA, Bernstein D. Mitochondrial remodeling: Rearranging, recycling, and reprogramming. Cell Calcium 2016; 60:88-101. [PMID: 27130902 PMCID: PMC4996709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic and responsive organelles that respond to environmental cues with fission and fusion. They undergo mitophagy and biogenesis, and are subject to extensive post-translational modifications. Calcium plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial functions. Mitochondria play a central role in metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and generate ATP with effects on redox poise, oxidative stress, pH, and other metabolites including acetyl-CoA and NAD(+) which in turn have effects on chromatin remodeling. The complex interplay of mitochondria, cytosolic factors, and the nucleus ensure a well-coordinated response to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology) and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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50
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Rosdah AA, K Holien J, Delbridge LMD, Dusting GJ, Lim SY. Mitochondrial fission - a drug target for cytoprotection or cytodestruction? Pharmacol Res Perspect 2016; 4:e00235. [PMID: 27433345 PMCID: PMC4876145 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are morphologically dynamic organelles constantly undergoing processes of fission and fusion that maintain integrity and bioenergetics of the organelle: these processes are vital for cell survival. Disruption in the balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission is thought to play a role in several pathological conditions including ischemic heart disease. Proteins involved in regulating the processes of mitochondrial fusion and fission are therefore potential targets for pharmacological therapies. Mdivi‐1 is a small molecule inhibitor of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1. Inhibiting mitochondrial fission with Mdivi‐1 has proven cytoprotective benefits in several cell types involved in a wide array of cardiovascular injury models. On the other hand, Mdivi‐1 can also exert antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects, particularly in hyperproliferative cells. In this review, we discuss these divergent effects of Mdivi‐1 on cell survival, as well as the potential and limitations of Mdivi‐1 as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeshah A Rosdah
- O'Brien Institute Department St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Victoria Australia; Department of Physiology University of Melbourne Victoria Australia; Faculty of Medicine Sriwijaya University Palembang Indonesia
| | - Jessica K Holien
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Victoria Australia
| | | | - Gregory J Dusting
- O'Brien Institute Department St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Victoria Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital Victoria Australia; Department of Surgery University of Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Shiang Y Lim
- O'Brien Institute Department St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Victoria Australia; Department of Surgery University of Melbourne Victoria Australia
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