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Jin S, Wang H, Zhang X, Song M, Liu B, Sun W. Emerging regulatory mechanisms in cardiovascular disease: Ferroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116457. [PMID: 38518600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and other types of cell death, is a novel iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and redox imbalance with distinct morphological, biochemical, and genetic features. Dysregulation of iron homeostasis, the disruption of antioxidative stress pathways and lipid peroxidation are crucial in ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, abdominal aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and heart failure. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that regulate ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases will enhance the prevention and treatment of these diseases. This review discusses the latest findings on the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its regulation in cardiovascular diseases, the application of ferroptosis modulators in cardiovascular diseases, and the role of traditional Chinese medicines in ferroptosis regulation to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and identify new prevention and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 4026 YaTai Street, Changchun 130041, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 4026 YaTai Street, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 4026 YaTai Street, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Mengyang Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 4026 YaTai Street, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 4026 YaTai Street, Changchun 130041, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 4026 YaTai Street, Changchun 130041, China.
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Feng X, Liu X, Wang F, Zhang X, Zhu L, Shu H, Wang C, Duan L, Wang H, Ren Q, Dong F, Zhang Z, Man D, Qu M. Prenatal High-Sucrose Diet Induced Vascular Dysfunction of Renal Interlobar Arteries in the Offspring via PPARγ-RXRg-ROS/Akt Signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300871. [PMID: 38704749 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Prenatal nutrition imbalance correlates with developmental origin of cardiovascular diseases; however whether maternal high-sucrose diet (HS) during pregnancy causes vascular damage in renal interlobar arteries (RIA) from offspring still keeps unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Pregnant rats are fed with normal drinking water or 20% high-sucrose solution during the whole gestational period. Swollen mitochondria and distributed myofilaments are observed in vascular smooth muscle cells of RIA exposed to prenatal HS. Maternal HS increases phenylephrine (PE)-induced vasoconstriction in the RIA from adult offspring. NG-Nitro-l-arginine (L-Name) causes obvious vascular tension in response to PE in offspring from control group, not in HS. RNA-Seq of RIA is performed to reveal that the gene retinoid X receptor g (RXRg) is significantly decreased in the HS group, which could affect vascular function via interacting with PPARγ pathway. By preincubation of RIA with apocynin (NADPH inhibitor) or capivasertib (Akt inhibitor), the results indicate that ROS and Akt are the vital important factors to affect the vascular function of RIA exposure to prenatal HS. CONCLUSION Maternal HS during the pregnancy increases PE-mediated vasoconstriction of RIA from adult offspring, which is mainly related to the enhanced Akt and ROS regulated by the weakened PPARγ-RXRg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Feng
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Fuling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Liangxi Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Hua Shu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Liting Duan
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Qinggui Ren
- Department of Mammary gland Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Fangxiang Dong
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Ziteng Zhang
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, 272001, China
| | - Dongmei Man
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
| | - Miaomiao Qu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road 89, Jining, 272001, China
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Diaba-Nuhoho P, Mittag J, Brunssen C, Morawietz H, Brendel H. The Vascular Function of Resistance Arteries Depends on NADPH Oxidase 4 and Is Exacerbated by Perivascular Adipose Tissue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:503. [PMID: 38790608 PMCID: PMC11118120 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The NADPH oxidase NOX4 that releases H2O2 can mediate vasoprotective mechanisms under pathophysiological conditions in conductive arteries. However, the role of NOX4 in resistance arteries and in perivascular adipose tissue is not well understood. We hypothesized that NOX4 is of functional importance in resistance arteries and perivascular adipose tissue under dyslipidemia conditions. We detected elevated NOX4 expression in murine and human vessels under dyslipidemia. Diminishing Nox4 under these conditions led to endothelial dysfunction in resistance arteries. The mesenteric arteries of Nox4-/-/Ldlr-/- mice revealed decreased eNos mRNA expression. Inhibition of eNOS in those vessels did not affect vascular function, while in Ldlr-/- mice endothelial function was significantly altered. Anticontractile properties of perivascular adipose tissue at resistance arteries were diminished in Nox4-/-/Ldlr-/- compared with Ldlr-/- mice. In addition, the presence of perivascular adipose tissue further worsened endothelial dysfunction in mesenteric arteries under dyslipidemia conditions. Perivascular adipose tissue from mesenteric arteries revealed a higher expression of markers of white adipocytes compared to markers of beige/brown adipocytes. Among those white adipocyte markers, leptin was significantly less expressed in perivascular adipose tissue from Nox4-/-/Ldlr-/- mice compared with Ldlr-/- mice. Furthermore, in human perivascular adipose tissue with a profound pattern of white adipocyte marker genes, we detected a correlation of NOX4 and LEP expression. In addition, incubating arterial vessels with leptin induced nitrite release, indicating increased eNOS activity. In humans, a higher expression of leptin in perivascular adipose tissue correlated with eNOS expression in the corresponding left internal mammary artery. In conclusion, vascular function of resistance arteries was dependent on Nox4-derived H2O2, especially under dyslipidemia conditions. Perivascular adipose tissue of the mesenteric arteries with white adipose tissue characteristics further aggravated endothelial function through reduced leptin-eNOS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.D.-N.); (C.B.)
| | - Heike Brendel
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.D.-N.); (C.B.)
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Schiffer TA, Carvalho LRRA, Guimaraes D, Boeder A, Wikström P, Carlström M. Specific NOX4 Inhibition Preserves Mitochondrial Function and Dampens Kidney Dysfunction Following Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Kidney Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:489. [PMID: 38671936 PMCID: PMC11047485 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden episode of kidney failure which is frequently observed at intensive care units and related to high morbidity/mortality. Although AKI can have many different causes, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the main cause of AKI. Mechanistically, NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are involved in the pathophysiology contributing to oxidative stress following IR. Previous reports have indicated that knockout of NOX4 may offer protection in cardiac and brain IR, but there is currently less knowledge about how this could be exploited therapeutically and whether this could have significant protection in IR-induced AKI. Aim: To investigate the hypothesis that a novel and specific NOX4 inhibitor (GLX7013114) may have therapeutic potential on kidney and mitochondrial function in a mouse model of IR-induced AKI. Methods: Kidneys of male C57BL/6J mice were clamped for 20 min, and the NOX4 inhibitor (GLX7013114) was administered via osmotic minipump during reperfusion. Following 3 days of reperfusion, kidney function (i.e., glomerular filtration rate, GFR) was calculated from FITC-inulin clearance and mitochondrial function was assessed by high-resolution respirometry. Renal histopathological evaluations (i.e., hematoxylin-eosin) and TUNEL staining were performed for apoptotic evaluation. Results: NOX4 inhibition during reperfusion significantly improved kidney function, as evidenced by a better-maintained GFR (p < 0.05) and lower levels of blood urea nitrogen (p < 0.05) compared to untreated IR animals. Moreover, IR caused significant tubular injuries that were attenuated by simultaneous NOX4 inhibition (p < 0.01). In addition, the level of renal apoptosis was significantly reduced in IR animals with NOX4 inhibition (p < 0.05). These favorable effects of the NOX4 inhibitor were accompanied by enhanced Nrf2 Ser40 phosphorylation and conserved mitochondrial function, as evidenced by the better-preserved activity of all mitochondrial complexes. Conclusion: Specific NOX4 inhibition, at the time of reperfusion, significantly preserves mitochondrial and kidney function. These novel findings may have clinical implications for future treatments aimed at preventing AKI and related adverse events, especially in high-risk hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas A. Schiffer
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.A.S.); (L.R.R.A.C.); (D.G.); (A.B.); (P.W.)
| | | | - Drielle Guimaraes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.A.S.); (L.R.R.A.C.); (D.G.); (A.B.); (P.W.)
| | - Ariela Boeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.A.S.); (L.R.R.A.C.); (D.G.); (A.B.); (P.W.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Per Wikström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.A.S.); (L.R.R.A.C.); (D.G.); (A.B.); (P.W.)
- Glucox Biotech AB, 17997 Färentuna, Sweden
| | - Mattias Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.A.S.); (L.R.R.A.C.); (D.G.); (A.B.); (P.W.)
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Lamb FS, Choi H, Miller MR, Stark RJ. Vascular Inflammation and Smooth Muscle Contractility: The Role of Nox1-Derived Superoxide and LRRC8 Anion Channels. Hypertension 2024; 81:752-763. [PMID: 38174563 PMCID: PMC10954410 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.19434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Vascular inflammation underlies the development of hypertension, and the mechanisms by which it increases blood pressure remain the topic of intense investigation. Proinflammatory factors including glucose, salt, vasoconstrictors, cytokines, wall stress, and growth factors enhance contractility and impair relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells. These pathways share a dependence upon redox signaling, and excessive activation promotes oxidative stress that promotes vascular aging. Vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching and migration into the intima contribute to atherosclerosis, while hypercontractility increases systemic vascular resistance and vasospasm that can trigger ischemia. Here, we review factors that drive the initiation and progression of this vasculopathy in vascular smooth muscle cells. Emphasis is placed on the contribution of reactive oxygen species generated by the Nox1 NADPH oxidase which produces extracellular superoxide (O2•-). The mechanisms of O2•- signaling remain poorly defined, but recent evidence demonstrates physical association of Nox1 with leucine-rich repeat containing 8 family volume-sensitive anion channels. These may provide a pathway for influx of O2•- to the cytoplasm, creating an oxidized cytoplasmic nanodomain where redox-based signals can affect both cytoskeletal structure and vasomotor function. Understanding the mechanistic links between inflammation, O2•- and vascular smooth muscle cell contractility may facilitate targeting of anti-inflammatory therapy in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred S Lamb
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Hyehun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael R Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Ryan J Stark
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Amadio P, Sandrini L, Zarà M, Barbieri SS, Ieraci A. NADPH-oxidases as potential pharmacological targets for thrombosis and depression comorbidity. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103060. [PMID: 38310682 PMCID: PMC10848036 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a complex interrelationship between the nervous system and the cardiovascular system. Comorbidities of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with mental disorders, and vice versa, are prevalent. Adults with mental disorders such as anxiety and depression have a higher risk of developing CVD, and people with CVD have an increased risk of being diagnosed with mental disorders. Oxidative stress is one of the many pathways associated with the pathophysiology of brain and cardiovascular disease. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is one of the major generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mammalian cells, as it is the enzyme that specifically produces superoxide. This review summarizes recent findings on the consequences of NOX activation in thrombosis and depression. It also discusses the therapeutic effects and pharmacological strategies of NOX inhibitors in CVD and brain disorders. A better comprehension of these processes could facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of the comorbidity of thrombosis and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Amadio
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sandrini
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Zarà
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia S Barbieri
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060, Novedrate (CO), Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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7
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Ali MA, Gioscia-Ryan R, Yang D, Sutton NR, Tyrrell DJ. Cardiovascular aging: spotlight on mitochondria. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H317-H333. [PMID: 38038719 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00632.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for ATP production and are particularly relevant to cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cardiomyopathies. With advancing age, even in the absence of clinical disease, mitochondrial homeostasis becomes disrupted (e.g., redox balance, mitochondrial DNA damage, oxidative metabolism, and mitochondrial quality control). Mitochondrial dysregulation leads to the accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria, producing excessive reactive oxygen species and perpetuating mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, mitochondrial DNA, cardiolipin, and N-formyl peptides are potent activators of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic inflammatory pathways. These age-related mitochondrial changes contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases. This review covers the impact of aging on mitochondria and links these mechanisms to therapeutic implications for age-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Akkas Ali
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Rachel Gioscia-Ryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Dongli Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Nadia R Sutton
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Daniel J Tyrrell
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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Wolpe AG, Luse MA, Baryiames C, Schug WJ, Wolpe JB, Johnstone SR, Dunaway LS, Juśkiewicz ZJ, Loeb SA, Askew Page HR, Chen YL, Sabapathy V, Pavelec CM, Wakefield B, Cifuentes-Pagano E, Artamonov MV, Somlyo AV, Straub AC, Sharma R, Beier F, Barrett EJ, Leitinger N, Pagano PJ, Sonkusare SK, Redemann S, Columbus L, Penuela S, Isakson BE. Pannexin-3 stabilizes the transcription factor Bcl6 in a channel-independent manner to protect against vascular oxidative stress. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadg2622. [PMID: 38289985 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Targeted degradation regulates the activity of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6 and its ability to suppress oxidative stress and inflammation. Here, we report that abundance of endothelial Bcl6 is determined by its interaction with Golgi-localized pannexin 3 (Panx3) and that Bcl6 transcriptional activity protects against vascular oxidative stress. Consistent with data from obese, hypertensive humans, mice with an endothelial cell-specific deficiency in Panx3 had spontaneous systemic hypertension without obvious changes in channel function, as assessed by Ca2+ handling, ATP amounts, or Golgi luminal pH. Panx3 bound to Bcl6, and its absence reduced Bcl6 protein abundance, suggesting that the interaction with Panx3 stabilized Bcl6 by preventing its degradation. Panx3 deficiency was associated with increased expression of the gene encoding the H2O2-producing enzyme Nox4, which is normally repressed by Bcl6, resulting in H2O2-induced oxidative damage in the vasculature. Catalase rescued impaired vasodilation in mice lacking endothelial Panx3. Administration of a newly developed peptide to inhibit the Panx3-Bcl6 interaction recapitulated the increase in Nox4 expression and in blood pressure seen in mice with endothelial Panx3 deficiency. Panx3-Bcl6-Nox4 dysregulation occurred in obesity-related hypertension, but not when hypertension was induced in the absence of obesity. Our findings provide insight into a channel-independent role of Panx3 wherein its interaction with Bcl6 determines vascular oxidative state, particularly under the adverse conditions of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail G Wolpe
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Melissa A Luse
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | | | - Wyatt J Schug
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Jacob B Wolpe
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Scott R Johnstone
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Heart Research, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Luke S Dunaway
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Zuzanna J Juśkiewicz
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Skylar A Loeb
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Henry R Askew Page
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Vikram Sabapathy
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Caitlin M Pavelec
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Brent Wakefield
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Mykhaylo V Artamonov
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Avril V Somlyo
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Frank Beier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Eugene J Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Stefanie Redemann
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Linda Columbus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Oncology (Division of Experimental Oncology), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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10
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Baggeroer CE, Cambronero FE, Savan NA, Jefferson AL, Santisteban MM. Basic Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Cognitive Decline in Hypertension. Hypertension 2024; 81:34-44. [PMID: 37732479 PMCID: PMC10840624 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.19939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Dementia affects almost 50 million adults worldwide, and remains a major cause of death and disability. Hypertension is a leading risk factor for dementia, including Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease-related dementias. Although this association is well-established, the mechanisms underlying hypertension-induced cognitive decline remain poorly understood. By exploring the mechanisms mediating the detrimental effects of hypertension on the brain, studies have aimed to provide therapeutic insights and strategies on how to protect the brain from the effects of blood pressure elevation. In this review, we focus on the basic mechanisms contributing to the cerebrovascular adaptions to elevated blood pressure and hypertension-induced microvascular injury. We also assess the cellular mechanisms of neurovascular unit dysfunction, focusing on the premise that cognitive impairment ensues when the dynamic metabolic demands of neurons are not met due to neurovascular uncoupling, and summarize cognitive deficits across various rodent models of hypertension as a resource for investigators. Despite significant advances in antihypertensive therapy, hypertension remains a critical risk factor for cognitive decline, and several questions remain about the development and progression of hypertension-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Baggeroer
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Francis E. Cambronero
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - N. Anna Savan
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Angela L. Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Monica M. Santisteban
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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11
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Matsunaga S, Kohda A, Kamakura S, Hayase J, Miyano K, Shiose A, Sumimoto H. Hypoxia stabilizes the H 2 O 2 -producing oxidase Nox4 in cardiomyocytes via suppressing autophagy-related lysosomal degradation. Genes Cells 2024; 29:63-72. [PMID: 37985134 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-producing NADPH oxidase Nox4, forming a heterodimer with p22phox , is expressed in a variety of cells including those in the heart to mediate adaptive responses to cellular stresses such as hypoxia. Since Nox4 is constitutively active, H2 O2 production is controlled by its protein abundance. Hypoxia-induced Nox4 expression is observed in various types of cells and generally thought to be regulated at the transcriptional level. Here we show that hypoxia upregulates the Nox4 protein level and Nox4-catalyzed H2 O2 production without increasing the Nox4 mRNA in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes. In these cells, the Nox4 protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions in a manner dependent on the presence of p22phox . Cell treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 results in a marked decrease of the Nox4 protein under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, indicating that the proteasome pathway does not play a major role in Nox4 degradation. The decrease is partially restored by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Furthermore, the Nox4 protein level is upregulated by the lysosome inhibitors bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine. Thus, in cardiomyocytes, Nox4 appears to be degraded via an autophagy-related pathway, and its suppression by hypoxia likely stabilizes Nox4, leading to upregulation of Nox4-catalyzed H2 O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matsunaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Kohda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kamakura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junya Hayase
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kei Miyano
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Shiose
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Sumimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
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12
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Wei S, Wang X, Zhang J. Effects and Mechanisms of Non-Thermal Plasma-Mediated ROS and Its Applications in Animal Husbandry and Biomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15889. [PMID: 37958872 PMCID: PMC10648079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is an ionized gas composed of neutral and charged reactive species, electric fields, and ultraviolet radiation. NTP presents a relatively low discharge temperature because it is characterized by the fact that the temperature values of ions and neutral particles are much lower than that of electrons. Reactive species (atoms, radicals, ions, electrons) are produced in NTP and delivered to biological objects induce a set of biochemical processes in cells or tissues. NTP can mediate reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in an intensity- and time-dependent manner. ROS homeostasis plays an important role in animal health. Relatively low or physiological levels of ROS mediated by NTP promote cell proliferation and differentiation, while high or excessive levels of ROS mediated by NTP cause oxidative stress damage and even cell death. NTP treatment under appropriate conditions not only produces moderate levels of exogenous ROS directly and stimulates intracellular ROS generation, but also can regulate intracellular ROS levels indirectly, which affect the redox state in different cells and tissues of animals. However, the treatment condition of NTP need to be optimized and the potential mechanism of NTP-mediated ROS in different biological targets is still unclear. Over the past ten decades, interest in the application of NTP technology in biology and medical sciences has been rapidly growing. There is significant optimism that NTP can be developed for a wide range of applications such as wound healing, oral treatment, cancer therapy, and biomedical materials because of its safety, non-toxicity, and high efficiency. Moreover, the combined application of NTP with other methods is currently a hot research topic because of more effective effects on sterilization and anti-cancer abilities. Interestingly, NTP technology has presented great application potential in the animal husbandry field in recent years. However, the wide applications of NTP are related to different and complicated mechanisms, and whether NTP-mediated ROS play a critical role in its application need to be clarified. Therefore, this review mainly summarizes the effects of ROS on animal health, the mechanisms of NTP-mediated ROS levels through antioxidant clearance and ROS generation, and the potential applications of NTP-mediated ROS in animal growth and breeding, animal health, animal-derived food safety, and biomedical fields including would healing, oral treatment, cancer therapy, and biomaterials. This will provide a theoretical basis for promoting the healthy development of animal husbandry and the prevention and treatment of diseases in both animals and human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.W.)
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13
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Heusch G, Andreadou I, Bell R, Bertero E, Botker HE, Davidson SM, Downey J, Eaton P, Ferdinandy P, Gersh BJ, Giacca M, Hausenloy DJ, Ibanez B, Krieg T, Maack C, Schulz R, Sellke F, Shah AM, Thiele H, Yellon DM, Di Lisa F. Health position paper and redox perspectives on reactive oxygen species as signals and targets of cardioprotection. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102894. [PMID: 37839355 PMCID: PMC10590874 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review summarizes the beneficial and detrimental roles of reactive oxygen species in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and cardioprotection. In the first part, the continued need for cardioprotection beyond that by rapid reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction is emphasized. Then, pathomechanisms of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion to the myocardium and the coronary circulation and the different modes of cell death in myocardial infarction are characterized. Different mechanical and pharmacological interventions to protect the ischemic/reperfused myocardium in elective percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass grafting, in acute myocardial infarction and in cardiotoxicity from cancer therapy are detailed. The second part keeps the focus on ROS providing a comprehensive overview of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Starting from mitochondria as the main sources and targets of ROS in ischemic/reperfused myocardium, a complex network of cellular and extracellular processes is discussed, including relationships with Ca2+ homeostasis, thiol group redox balance, hydrogen sulfide modulation, cross-talk with NAPDH oxidases, exosomes, cytokines and growth factors. While mechanistic insights are needed to improve our current therapeutic approaches, advancements in knowledge of ROS-mediated processes indicate that detrimental facets of oxidative stress are opposed by ROS requirement for physiological and protective reactions. This inevitable contrast is likely to underlie unsuccessful clinical trials and limits the development of novel cardioprotective interventions simply based upon ROS removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Robert Bell
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Chair of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Hans-Erik Botker
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Downey
- Department of Physiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Philip Eaton
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bernard J Gersh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mauro Giacca
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig -Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ajay M Shah
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Holger Thiele
- Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig and Leipzig Heart Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.
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14
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Poinsignon L, Chissey A, Ajjaji A, Hernandez I, Vignaud ML, Ferecatu I, Fournier T, Beaudeux JL, Zerrad-Saadi A. Placental cartography of NADPH oxidase (NOX) family proteins: Involvement in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 749:109787. [PMID: 37866451 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The placenta is an essential organ for fetal development. During the first trimester, it undergoes dramatic changes as it develops in an environment poor in oxygen (around 2-3%). From about 10 gestational weeks, oxygen levels increase to 8% in the intervillous chamber. These changes are accompanied by modulation of the activity of NADPH oxidase, a major source of production of reactive oxygen species in the first trimester of pregnancy. The NOX complex is composed of seven different proteins (NOX1-5 and DUOX1-2) whose placental involvements during physiological and pathological pregnancies are largely unknown. The aim of the study was to produce a cartography of NOX family proteins, in terms of RNA, protein expression, and localization during physiological pregnancy and in the case of preeclampsia (PE), in a cohort of early-onset PE (n = 11) and late-onset PE (n = 7) cases. NOX family proteins were mainly expressed in trophoblastic cells (NOX4-5, DUOX1) and modulated during physiological pregnancy. NOX4 underwent an unexpected and hitherto unreported nuclear translocation at term. In the case of PE, two groups stood out: NOX1-3, superoxide producers, were down-regulated (p < 0.05) while NOX4-DUOX1, hydrogen peroxide producers, were up-regulated (p < 0.05), compared to the control group. Mapping of placental NOX will constitute a reference and guide for future investigations concerning its involvement in the pathophysiology of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Poinsignon
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, 3PHM, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Chissey
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, 3PHM, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Ayoub Ajjaji
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, 3PHM, F-75006, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Ioana Ferecatu
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, 3PHM, F-75006, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Louis Beaudeux
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, 3PHM, F-75006, Paris, France; Service Biochimie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, F-75006, Paris, France
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15
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Zhao BH, Ruze A, Zhao L, Li QL, Tang J, Xiefukaiti N, Gai MT, Deng AX, Shan XF, Gao XM. The role and mechanisms of microvascular damage in the ischemic myocardium. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:341. [PMID: 37898977 PMCID: PMC11073328 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Following myocardial ischemic injury, the most effective clinical intervention is timely restoration of blood perfusion to ischemic but viable myocardium to reduce irreversible myocardial necrosis, limit infarct size, and prevent cardiac insufficiency. However, reperfusion itself may exacerbate cell death and myocardial injury, a process commonly referred to as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which primarily involves cardiomyocytes and cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and is characterized by myocardial stunning, microvascular damage (MVD), reperfusion arrhythmia, and lethal reperfusion injury. MVD caused by I/R has been a neglected problem compared to myocardial injury. Clinically, the incidence of microvascular angina and/or no-reflow due to ineffective coronary perfusion accounts for 5-50% in patients after acute revascularization. MVD limiting drug diffusion into injured myocardium, is strongly associated with the development of heart failure. CMECs account for > 60% of the cardiac cellular components, and their role in myocardial I/R injury cannot be ignored. There are many studies on microvascular obstruction, but few studies on microvascular leakage, which may be mainly due to the lack of corresponding detection methods. In this review, we summarize the clinical manifestations, related mechanisms of MVD during myocardial I/R, laboratory and clinical examination means, as well as the research progress on potential therapies for MVD in recent years. Better understanding the characteristics and risk factors of MVD in patients after hemodynamic reconstruction is of great significance for managing MVD, preventing heart failure and improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Amanguli Ruze
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiu-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Nilupaer Xiefukaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Min-Tao Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - An-Xia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China.
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16
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Li J, Shi L, Sun J. The pathogenesis of post-stroke osteoporosis and the role oxidative stress plays in its development. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1256978. [PMID: 37928460 PMCID: PMC10625412 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1256978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and osteoporotic fractures (OF) are the main diseases affecting the health of middle-aged and elderly people. With the gradual increase of population aging in China and even the world, the incidence of the two and the prevalence of high-risk groups are also showing a continuous upward trend. The relationship between the two, especially the impact of cardiovascular disease on the risk and prognosis of OF, has attracted more and more attention. Therefore, it is of great significance to fully understand the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the resulting osteoporosis and to provide targeted interventions to prevent the occurrence of diseases and fractures. This article reviews the relationship between one of the Cardiovascular disease-stroke and related therapeutic drugs and the risk of OF, and the role of oxidative stress in its pathophysiological mechanism by reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature in recent years, in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the association between stroke and OF, and then provide a basis and reference for screening high-risk groups of fractures and reducing the burden on the health system caused by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinYan Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - JianMin Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
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17
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Bu LL, Yuan HH, Xie LL, Guo MH, Liao DF, Zheng XL. New Dawn for Atherosclerosis: Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence and Death. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15160. [PMID: 37894840 PMCID: PMC10606899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner linings of blood vessels, and are directly exposed to endogenous hazard signals and metabolites in the circulatory system. The senescence and death of ECs are not only adverse outcomes, but also causal contributors to endothelial dysfunction, an early risk marker of atherosclerosis. The pathophysiological process of EC senescence involves both structural and functional changes and has been linked to various factors, including oxidative stress, dysregulated cell cycle, hyperuricemia, vascular inflammation, and aberrant metabolite sensing and signaling. Multiple forms of EC death have been documented in atherosclerosis, including autophagic cell death, apoptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying EC senescence or death in atherogenesis are not fully understood. To provide a comprehensive update on the subject, this review examines the historic and latest findings on the molecular mechanisms and functional alterations associated with EC senescence and death in different stages of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Lan Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Huan-Huan Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
| | - Ling-Li Xie
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Min-Hua Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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18
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Padgett CA, Bátori RK, Speese AC, Rosewater CL, Bush WB, Derella CC, Haigh SB, Sellers HG, Corley ZL, West MA, Mintz JD, Ange BB, Harris RA, Brands MW, Fulton DJR, Stepp DW. Galectin-3 Mediates Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity by Regulating NADPH Oxidase 1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e381-e395. [PMID: 37586054 PMCID: PMC10695282 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Metabolic dysfunction, especially hyperglycemia, is thought to be a major contributor, but how glucose impacts vascular function is unclear. GAL3 (galectin-3) is a sugar-binding lectin upregulated by hyperglycemia, but its role as a causative mechanism of cardiovascular disease remains poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the role of GAL3 in regulating microvascular endothelial vasodilation in obesity. METHODS GAL3 was measured and found to be markedly increased in the plasma of overweight and obese patients, as well as in the microvascular endothelium of diabetic patients. To investigate causative mechanisms in cardiovascular disease, mice deficient in GAL3 were bred with obese db/db mice to generate lean, lean GAL3 knockout, obese, and obese GAL3 knockout genotypes. Endothelial cell-specific GAL3 knockout mice with novel AAV-induced obesity recapitulated whole-body knockout studies to confirm cell specificity. RESULTS Deletion of GAL3 did not alter body mass, adiposity, or plasma indices of glycemia and lipidemia, but levels of plasma reactive oxygen species as assessed by plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were normalized in obese GAL3 knockout mice. Obese mice exhibited profound endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, both of which were rescued by GAL3 deletion. Isolated microvascular endothelial cells from obese mice had increased expression of NOX1 (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1), which we have previously shown to contribute to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which was normalized in microvascular endothelium from mice lacking GAL3. Cell-specific deletion confirmed that endothelial GAL3 regulates obesity-induced NOX1 overexpression and subsequent microvascular function. Furthermore, improvement of metabolic syndrome by increasing muscle mass, improving insulin signaling, or treating with metformin decreased microvascular GAL3, and thereby NOX1, expression levels. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of GAL3 normalizes microvascular endothelial function in obese db/db mice, likely through a NOX1-mediated mechanism. Pathological levels of GAL3, and in turn NOX1, are amenable to improvements in metabolic status, presenting a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate pathological cardiovascular consequences of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb A. Padgett
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Róbert K. Bátori
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Andrew C. Speese
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Cody L. Rosewater
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Weston B. Bush
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Cassandra C. Derella
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Stephen B. Haigh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Hunter G. Sellers
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Zachary L. Corley
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Madison A. West
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - James D. Mintz
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Brittany B. Ange
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Ryan A. Harris
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Michael W. Brands
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - David J. R. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - David W. Stepp
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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Buonfiglio F, Xia N, Yüksel C, Manicam C, Jiang S, Zadeh JK, Musayeva A, Elksne E, Pfeiffer N, Patzak A, Li H, Gericke A. Studies on the Effects of Hypercholesterolemia on Mouse Ophthalmic Artery Reactivity. Diseases 2023; 11:124. [PMID: 37873768 PMCID: PMC10594501 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherogenic lipoproteins may impair vascular reactivity, leading to tissue damage in various organs, including the eye. This study aimed to investigate whether ophthalmic artery reactivity is affected in mice lacking the apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE-/-), a model for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Twelve-month-old male ApoE-/- mice and age-matched wild-type controls were used to assess vascular reactivity using videomicroscopy. Moreover, the vascular mechanics, lipid content, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of pro-oxidant redox enzymes and the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) were determined in vascular tissue. Unlike the aorta, the ophthalmic artery of ApoE-/- mice developed no signs of endothelial dysfunction and no signs of excessive lipid deposition. Remarkably, the levels of ROS, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 (NOX1), NOX2, NOX4, and LOX-1 were increased in the aorta but not in the ophthalmic artery of ApoE-/- mice. Our findings suggest that ApoE-/- mice develop endothelial dysfunction in the aorta by increased oxidative stress via the involvement of LOX-1, NOX1, and NOX2, whereas NOX4 may participate in media remodeling. In contrast, the ophthalmic artery appears to be resistant to chronic apolipoprotein E deficiency. A lack of LOX-1 expression/overexpression in response to increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels may be a possible mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Buonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Can Yüksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Subao Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jenia Kouchek Zadeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Aytan Musayeva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Elksne
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Patzak
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Alves-Lopes R, Lacchini S, Neves KB, Harvey A, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Vasoprotective effects of NOX4 are mediated via polymerase and transient receptor potential melastatin 2 cation channels in endothelial cells. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1389-1400. [PMID: 37272080 PMCID: PMC10399938 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NOX4 activation has been implicated to have vasoprotective and blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects. Molecular mechanisms underlying this are unclear, but NOX4-induced regulation of the redox-sensitive Ca 2+ channel TRPM2 and effects on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-nitric oxide signalling may be important. METHOD Wild-type and LinA3, renin-expressing hypertensive mice, were crossed with NOX4 knockout mice. Vascular function was measured by myography. Generation of superoxide (O 2- ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) were assessed by lucigenin and amplex red, respectively, and Ca 2+ influx by Cal-520 fluorescence in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAEC). RESULTS BP was increased in NOX4KO, LinA3 and LinA3/NOX4KO mice. This was associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodelling, with exaggerated effects in NOX4KO groups. The TRPM2 activator, ADPR, improved vascular relaxation in LinA3/NOX4KO mice, an effect recapitulated by H 2 O 2 . Inhibition of PARP and TRPM2 with olaparib and 2-APB, respectively, recapitulated endothelial dysfunction in NOX4KO. In endothelial cells, Ang II increased H 2 O 2 generation and Ca 2+ influx, effects reduced by TRPM2 siRNA, TRPM2 inhibitors (8-br-cADPR, 2-APB), olaparib and GKT137831 (NOX4 inhibitor). Ang II-induced eNOS activation was blocked by NOX4 and TRPM2 siRNA, GKT137831, PEG-catalase and 8-br-cADPR. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that NOX4-induced H 2 O 2 production activates PARP/TRPM2, Ca 2+ influx, eNOS activation and nitric oxide release in endothelial cells. NOX4 deficiency impairs Ca 2+ homeostasis leading to endothelial dysfunction, an effect exacerbated in hypertension. We define a novel pathway linking endothelial NOX4/H 2 O 2 to eNOS/nitric oxide through PARP/TRPM2/Ca 2+ . This vasoprotective pathway is perturbed when NOX4 is downregulated and may have significance in conditions associated with endothelial dysfunction, including hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rheure Alves-Lopes
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Silvia Lacchini
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karla B. Neves
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Adam Harvey
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Augusto C. Montezano
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rhian M. Touyz
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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21
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Morawietz H, Brendel H, Diaba-Nuhoho P, Catar R, Perakakis N, Wolfrum C, Bornstein SR. Cross-Talk of NADPH Oxidases and Inflammation in Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1589. [PMID: 37627585 PMCID: PMC10451527 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Multiple experimental and clinical studies have shown increased oxidative stress and inflammation linked to obesity. NADPH oxidases are major sources of reactive oxygen species in the cardiovascular system and in metabolically active cells and organs. An impaired balance due to the increased formation of reactive oxygen species and a reduced antioxidative capacity contributes to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and is linked to inflammation as a major pathomechanism in cardiometabolic diseases. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is particularly characterized by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. In recent years, COVID-19 infections have also increased oxidative stress and inflammation in infected cells and tissues. Increasing evidence supports the idea of an increased risk for severe clinical complications of cardiometabolic diseases after COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in experimental models and clinical studies of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19 infections and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (P.D.-N.)
| | - Heike Brendel
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (P.D.-N.)
| | - Patrick Diaba-Nuhoho
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.B.); (P.D.-N.)
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Nikolaos Perakakis
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (N.P.); (S.R.B.)
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID), Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH Zürich, Schorenstrasse, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland;
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (N.P.); (S.R.B.)
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID), Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
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Zhang Y, Shan M, Ding X, Sun H, Qiu F, Shi L. Maternal exercise represses Nox4 via SIRT1 to prevent vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in SHR offspring. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1219194. [PMID: 37501791 PMCID: PMC10368947 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1219194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal exercise during pregnancy has emerged as a potentially promising approach to protect offspring from cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Although endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension, limited studies have characterized how maternal exercise influences endothelial function of hypertensive offspring. In this study, pregnant spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats were assigned either to a sedentary lifestyle or to swimming training daily, and fetal histone deacetylase-mediated epigenetic modification and offspring vascular function of mesenteric arteries were analyzed. Maternal exercise ameliorated the impairment of acetylcholine-induced vasodilation without affecting sodium nitroprusside-induced vasodilation in mesenteric arteries from the hypertensive offspring. In accordance, maternal exercise reduced NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) protein to prevent the loss of nitric oxide generation and increased reactive oxygen species production in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive offspring. We further found that maternal exercise during pregnancy upregulated vascular SIRT1 (sirtuin 1) expression, leading to a low level of H3K9ac (histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation), resulting in the transcriptional downregulation of Nox4 in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive fetuses. These findings show that maternal exercise alleviates oxidative stress and the impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation via SIRT1-regulated deacetylation of Nox4, which might contribute to improved vascular function in hypertensive offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Shan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Ding
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hualing Sun
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Qiu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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23
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Kuntic I, Kuntic M, Oelze M, Stamm P, Karpi A, Kleinert H, Hahad O, Münzel T, Daiber A. The role of acrolein for E-cigarette vapour condensate mediated activation of NADPH oxidase in cultured endothelial cells and macrophages. Pflugers Arch 2023:10.1007/s00424-023-02825-9. [PMID: 37285062 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) have recently become a popular alternative to traditional tobacco cigarettes. Despite being marketed as a healthier alternative, increasing evidence shows that E-cigarette vapour could cause adverse health effects. It has been postulated that degradation products of E-cigarette liquid, mainly reactive aldehydes, are responsible for those effects. Previously, we have demonstrated that E-cigarette vapour exposure causes oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension by activating NADPH oxidase in a mouse model. To better understand oxidative stress mechanisms, we have exposed cultured endothelial cells and macrophages to condensed E-cigarette vapour (E-cigarette condensate) and acrolein. In both endothelial cells (EA.hy 926) and macrophages (RAW 264.7), we have observed that E-cigarette condensate incubation causes cell death. Since recent studies have shown that among toxic aldehydes found in E-cigarette vapour, acrolein plays a prominent role, we have incubated the same cell lines with increasing concentrations of acrolein. Upon incubation with acrolein, a translocation of Rac1 to the plasma membrane has been observed, accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. Whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation by acrolein in cultured endothelial cells was mainly intracellular, the release of ROS in cultured macrophages was both intra- and extracellular. Our data also demonstrate that acrolein activates the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathway and, in general, could mediate E-cigarette vapour-induced oxidative stress and cell death. More mechanistic insight is needed to clarify the toxicity associated with E-cigarette consumption and the possible adverse effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Kuntic
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Stamm
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angelica Karpi
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kleinert
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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24
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Elksnis A, Welsh N, Wikström P, Lau J, Carlsson PO. The selective NOX4 inhibitor GLX7013159 decreases blood glucose concentrations and human beta-cell apoptotic rates in diabetic NMRI nu/nu mice transplanted with human islets. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:460-469. [PMID: 37972305 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2284637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) inhibition has been reported to mitigate diabetes-induced beta-cell dysfunction and improve survival in vitro, as well as counteract high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance in mice. We investigated the antidiabetic effects of the selective NOX4 inhibitor GLX7013159 in vivo in athymic diabetic mice transplanted with human islets over a period of 4 weeks. The GLX7013159-treated mice achieved lower blood glucose and water consumption throughout the treatment period. Furthermore, GLX7013159 treatment resulted in improved insulin and c-peptide levels, better insulin secretion capacity, as well as in greatly reduced apoptotic rates of the insulin-positive human cells, measured as colocalization of insulin and cleaved caspase-3. We conclude that the antidiabetic effects of NOX4 inhibition by GLX7013159 are observed also during a prolonged study period in vivo and are likely to be due to an improved survival and function of the human beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Elksnis
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Joey Lau
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Carlsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Zhong X, Li Z, Xu Q, Peng H, Su Y, Le K, Shu Z, Liao Y, Ma Z, Pan X, Xu S, Zhou S. Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is a potential target for the treatment of vascular remodelling. J Hypertens 2023; 41:775-793. [PMID: 36883465 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD), a key enzyme in the fatty acid oxidation process, is not only involved in ATP synthesis but also regulates the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide synthesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible role of SCAD in hypertension-associated vascular remodelling. METHODS In-vivo experiments were performed on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs, ages of 4 weeks to 20 months) and SCAD knockout mice. The aorta sections of hypertensive patients were used for measurement of SCAD expression. In-vitro experiments with t-butylhydroperoxide (tBHP), SCAD siRNA, adenovirus-SCAD (MOI 90) or shear stress (4, 15 dynes/cm 2 ) were performed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS Compared with age-matched Wistar rats, aortic SCAD expression decreased gradually in SHRs with age. In addition, aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks could significantly increase SCAD expression and enzyme activity in the aortas of SHRs while decreasing vascular remodelling in SHRs. SCAD knockout mice also exhibited aggravated vascular remodelling and cardiovascular dysfunction. Likewise, SCAD expression was also decreased in tBHP-induced endothelial cell apoptosis models and the aortas of hypertensive patients. SCAD siRNA caused HUVEC apoptosis in vitro , whereas adenovirus-mediated SCAD overexpression (Ad-SCAD) protected against HUVEC apoptosis. Furthermore, SCAD expression was decreased in HUVECs exposed to low shear stress (4 dynes/cm 2 ) and increased in HUVECs exposed to 15 dynes/cm 2 compared with those under static conditions. CONCLUSION SCAD is a negative regulator of vascular remodelling and may represent a novel therapeutic target for vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Zhonghong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Qingping Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Huan Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Yongshao Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Kang Le
- Sickle Cell Branch, National heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaohui Shu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Yingqin Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Zhichao Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Xuediao Pan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
| | - Sigui Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
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26
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Padgett CA, Bátori RK, Speese AC, Rosewater CL, Bush WB, Derella CC, Haigh SB, Sellers HG, Corley ZL, West MA, Mintz JD, Ange BB, Harris RA, Brands MW, Fulton DJR, Stepp DW. Galectin-3 Mediates Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity by Regulating NADPH Oxidase 1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.19.537592. [PMID: 37131826 PMCID: PMC10153253 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.537592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) through mechanisms that remain incompletely defined. Metabolic dysfunction, especially hyperglycemia, is thought to be a major contributor but how glucose impacts vascular function is unclear. Galectin-3 (GAL3) is a sugar binding lectin upregulated by hyperglycemia but its role as a causative mechanism of CVD remains poorly understood. Objective To determine the role of GAL3 in regulating microvascular endothelial vasodilation in obesity. Methods and Results GAL3 was markedly increased in the plasma of overweight and obese patients, as well as in the microvascular endothelium of diabetic patients. To investigate a role for GAL3 in CVD, mice deficient in GAL3 were bred with obese db/db mice to generate lean, lean GAL3 knockout (KO), obese, and obese GAL3 KO genotypes. GAL3 KO did not alter body mass, adiposity, glycemia or lipidemia, but normalized elevated markers of reactive oxygen species (TBARS) in plasma. Obese mice exhibited profound endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, both of which were rescued by GAL3 deletion. Isolated microvascular endothelial cells (EC) from obese mice had increased NOX1 expression, which we have previously shown to contribute to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, and NOX1 levels were normalized in EC from obese mice lacking GAL3. EC-specific GAL3 knockout mice made obese using a novel AAV-approach recapitulated whole-body knockout studies, confirming that endothelial GAL3 drives obesity-induced NOX1 overexpression and endothelial dysfunction. Improved metabolism through increased muscle mass, enhanced insulin signaling, or metformin treatment, decreased microvascular GAL3 and NOX1. GAL3 increased NOX1 promoter activity and this was dependent on GAL3 oligomerization. Conclusions Deletion of GAL3 normalizes microvascular endothelial function in obese db/db mice, likely through a NOX1-mediated mechanism. Pathological levels of GAL3 and in turn, NOX1, are amenable to improvements in metabolic status, presenting a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate pathological cardiovascular consequences of obesity.
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27
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Gola L, Bierhansl L, Csatári J, Schroeter CB, Korn L, Narayanan V, Cerina M, Abdolahi S, Speicher A, Hermann AM, König S, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Shekh-Ahmad T, Meuth SG, Wiendl H, Gorji A, Pawlowski M, Kovac S. NOX4-derived ROS are neuroprotective by balancing intracellular calcium stores. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:127. [PMID: 37081190 PMCID: PMC10119225 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyperexcitability is associated with neuronal dysfunction, cellular death, and consequently neurodegeneration. Redox disbalance can contribute to hyperexcitation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are observed in various neurological diseases. NOX4 is an NADPH oxidase known to produce ROS and might have a regulating function during oxidative stress. We, therefore, aimed to determine the role of NOX4 on neuronal firing, hyperexcitability, and hyperexcitability-induced changes in neural network function. Using a multidimensional approach of an in vivo model of hyperexcitability, proteomic analysis, and cellular function analysis of ROS, mitochondrial integrity, and calcium levels, we demonstrate that NOX4 is neuroprotective by regulating ROS and calcium homeostasis and thereby preventing hyperexcitability and consequently neuronal death. These results implicate NOX4 as a potential redox regulator that is beneficial in hyperexcitability and thereby might have an important role in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gola
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura Bierhansl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Júlia Csatári
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christina B Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisanne Korn
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Venu Narayanan
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Manuela Cerina
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sara Abdolahi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Speicher
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Tawfeeq Shekh-Ahmad
- Institute for Drug Research, The School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Pawlowski
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stjepana Kovac
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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28
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Zhang H, Hao J, Hong H, Gu W, Li Z, Sun J, Zhan H, Wei X, Zhou L. Redox signaling regulates the skeletal tissue development and regeneration. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37043672 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2199244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal tissue development and regeneration in mammals are intricate, multistep, and highly regulated processes. Various signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of these processes, including redox. Redox signaling is the signal transduction by electron transfer reactions involving free radicals or related species. Redox homeostasis is essential to cell metabolic states, as the ROS not only regulates cell biological processes but also mediates physiological processes. Following a bone fracture, redox signaling is also triggered to regulate bone healing and regeneration by targeting resident stromal cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and endothelial cells. This review will focus on how the redox signaling impact the bone development and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - HaiPing Hong
- FangTa Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Songjiang Branch, Shanghai, East China, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoen Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
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29
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Azarova I, Polonikov A, Klyosova E. Molecular Genetics of Abnormal Redox Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054738. [PMID: 36902173 PMCID: PMC10003739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress resulting from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and their neutralization by antioxidant enzymes is one of the major pathological disorders underlying the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes the current state of the art advances in understanding the role of abnormal redox homeostasis in the molecular mechanisms of T2D and provides comprehensive information on the characteristics and biological functions of antioxidant and oxidative enzymes, as well as discusses genetic studies conducted so far in order to investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in genes encoding redox state-regulating enzymes to the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Azarova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Klyosova
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
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30
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Gao L, Feng Q, Cui B, Mao Y, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Zhu H. Loading Nanoceria Improves Extracellular Vesicle Membrane Integrity and Therapy to Wounds in Aged Mice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:732-742. [PMID: 36642927 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a programmed process through which tissue restores its integrity after an injury. Advancing age is a risk factor for delayed cutaneous wound healing; however, ideal therapeutic approaches for aged wound have not been developed yet. By dissecting the harsh microenvironment of aged wound, we propose an integrated chemical and biological strategy to mitigate two main hostile factors including oxidative stress and ischemia. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a rising star in regenerative medicine due to their powerful facilitation in tissue repair and regeneration. However, the fragile lipid membrane limits their function under the oxidative stress microenvironment. Nanoceria is an antioxidative nanozyme; here, we reveal that nanoceria-loaded EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells facilitate cutaneous wound healing in aged mice. DG-CeO2 was prepared via coating CeO2 covalently with d-glucose to promote their cellular endocytosis. DG-CeO2 was packaged into EVs under optimized hypoxic conditions (DG-CeO2 EVsHyp). We further demonstrated that DG-CeO2 EVsHyp had favorable biocompatibility and antioxidative and proangiogenic effects during the cutaneous wound healing in both young and aged mice. Further evidence revealed that DG-CeO2 EVsHyp-transferred miR-92a-3p/125b-5p and their targets associated with aging degeneration may be the potential mechanisms. Collectively, these findings highlight that nanoceria-loaded EVs released by engineered stem cells may represent a potential therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration in aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, P. R. China
| | - Qishuai Feng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Yaning Mao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhao
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
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31
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Amponsah-Offeh M, Diaba-Nuhoho P, Speier S, Morawietz H. Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants and Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020281. [PMID: 36829839 PMCID: PMC9952760 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, hypertension remains a serious threat to global public health. Despite the availability of many antihypertensive medications, several hypertensive individuals are resistant to standard treatments, and are unable to control their blood pressure. Regulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) controlling blood pressure, activation of the immune system triggering inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress and redox-sensitive signaling, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, besides standard antihypertensive medications, which lower arterial pressure, antioxidant medications were tested to improve antihypertensive treatment. We review and discuss the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of hypertension and the potential use of antioxidants in the management of hypertension and its associated organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Amponsah-Offeh
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Diaba-Nuhoho
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-351-4586625; Fax: +49-351-4586354
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32
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Mason H, Rai G, Kozyr A, De Jonge N, Gliniewicz E, Berg LJ, Wald G, Dorrier C, Henderson MJ, Zakharov A, Dyson T, Audley J, Pettinato AM, Padilha EC, Shah P, Xu X, Leto TL, Simeonov A, Zarember KA, McGavern DB, Gallin JI. Development of an improved and specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase 2 to treat traumatic brain injury. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102611. [PMID: 36709665 PMCID: PMC9894920 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOX's), and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) they produce, play an important role in host defense, thyroid hormone synthesis, apoptosis, gene regulation, angiogenesis and other processes. However, overproduction of ROS by these enzymes is associated with cardiovascular disease, fibrosis, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other diseases. Structural similarities between NOX's have complicated development of specific inhibitors. Here, we report development of NCATS-SM7270, a small molecule optimized from GSK2795039, that inhibited NOX2 in primary human and mouse granulocytes. NCATS-SM7270 specifically inhibited NOX2 and had reduced inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase in vitro. We also studied the role of several NOX isoforms during mild TBI (mTBI) and demonstrated that NOX2 and, to a lesser extent, NOX1 deficient mice are protected from mTBI pathology, whereas injury is exacerbated in NOX4 knockouts. Given the pathogenic role played by NOX2 in mTBI, we treated mice transcranially with NCATS-SM7270 after injury and revealed a dose-dependent reduction in mTBI induced cortical cell death. This inhibitor also partially reversed cortical damage observed in NOX4 deficient mice following mTBI. These data demonstrate that NCATS-SM7270 is an improved and specific inhibitor of NOX2 capable of protecting mice from NOX2-dependent cell death associated with mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mason
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Ganesha Rai
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Arina Kozyr
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nathaniel De Jonge
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Emily Gliniewicz
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lars J. Berg
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gal Wald
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cayce Dorrier
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark J. Henderson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Alexey Zakharov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Tristan Dyson
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John Audley
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anthony M. Pettinato
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elias Carvalho Padilha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Pranav Shah
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Thomas L. Leto
- Molecular Defenses Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kol A. Zarember
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Dorian B. McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - John I. Gallin
- Clinical Pathophysiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,Corresponding author.
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33
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Nabeebaccus AA, Reumiller CM, Shen J, Zoccarato A, Santos CXC, Shah AM. The regulation of cardiac intermediary metabolism by NADPH oxidases. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3305-3319. [PMID: 35325070 PMCID: PMC9847558 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs), enzymes whose primary function is to generate reactive oxygen species, are important regulators of the heart's physiological function and response to pathological insults. The role of NOX-driven redox signalling in pathophysiological myocardial remodelling, including processes such as interstitial fibrosis, contractile dysfunction, cellular hypertrophy, and cell survival, is well recognized. While the NOX2 isoform promotes many detrimental effects, the NOX4 isoform has attracted considerable attention as a driver of adaptive stress responses both during pathology and under physiological states such as exercise. Recent studies have begun to define some of the NOX4-modulated mechanisms that may underlie these adaptive responses. In particular, novel functions of NOX4 in driving cellular metabolic changes have emerged. Alterations in cellular metabolism are a recognized hallmark of the heart's response to physiological and pathological stresses. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of NOX enzymes as important modulators of cellular intermediary metabolism in the heart, linking stress responses not only to myocardial energetics but also other functions. The novel interplay of NOX-modulated redox signalling pathways and intermediary metabolism in the heart is unravelling a new aspect of the fascinating biology of these enzymes which will inform a better understanding of how they drive adaptive responses. We also discuss the implications of these new findings for therapeutic approaches that target metabolism in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Nabeebaccus
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Christina M Reumiller
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Anna Zoccarato
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Celio X C Santos
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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34
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Dong CX, Malecki C, Robertson E, Hambly B, Jeremy R. Molecular Mechanisms in Genetic Aortopathy-Signaling Pathways and Potential Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021795. [PMID: 36675309 PMCID: PMC9865322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic disease affects people of all ages and the majority of those aged <60 years have an underlying genetic cause. There is presently no effective medical therapy for thoracic aneurysm and surgery remains the principal intervention. Unlike abdominal aortic aneurysm, for which the inflammatory/atherosclerotic pathogenesis is well established, the mechanism of thoracic aneurysm is less understood. This paper examines the key cell signaling systems responsible for the growth and development of the aorta, homeostasis of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and interactions between pathways. The evidence supporting a role for individual signaling pathways in pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm is examined and potential novel therapeutic approaches are reviewed. Several key signaling pathways, notably TGF-β, WNT, NOTCH, PI3K/AKT and ANGII contribute to growth, proliferation, cell phenotype and survival for both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. There is crosstalk between pathways, and between vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, with both synergistic and antagonistic interactions. A common feature of the activation of each is response to injury or abnormal cell stress. Considerable experimental evidence supports a contribution of each of these pathways to aneurysm formation. Although human information is less, there is sufficient data to implicate each pathway in the pathogenesis of human thoracic aneurysm. As some pathways i.e., WNT and NOTCH, play key roles in tissue growth and organogenesis in early life, it is possible that dysregulation of these pathways results in an abnormal aortic architecture even in infancy, thereby setting the stage for aneurysm development in later life. Given the fine tuning of these signaling systems, functional polymorphisms in key signaling elements may set up a future risk of thoracic aneurysm. Multiple novel therapeutic agents have been developed, targeting cell signaling pathways, predominantly in cancer medicine. Future investigations addressing cell specific targeting, reduced toxicity and also less intense treatment effects may hold promise for effective new medical treatments of thoracic aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Xue Dong
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Cassandra Malecki
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Baird Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Robertson
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Brett Hambly
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richmond Jeremy
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Baird Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2042, Australia
- Correspondence:
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35
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Gupta S, Sarangi PP. Inflammation driven metabolic regulation and adaptation in macrophages. Clin Immunol 2023; 246:109216. [PMID: 36572212 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a diverse population of phagocytic immune cells involved in the host defense mechanisms and regulation of homeostasis. Usually, macrophages maintain healthy functioning at the cellular level, but external perturbation in their balanced functions can lead to acute and chronic disease conditions. By sensing the cues from the tissue microenvironment, these phagocytes adopt a plethora of phenotypes, such as inflammatory or M1 to anti-inflammatory (immunosuppressive) or M2 subtypes, to fulfill their spectral range of functions. The existing evidence in the literature supports that in macrophages, regulation of metabolic switches and metabolic adaptations are associated with their functional behaviors under various physiological and pathological conditions. Since these macrophages play a crucial role in many disorders, therefore it is necessary to understand their heterogeneity and metabolic reprogramming. Consequently, these macrophages have also emerged as a promising target for diseases in which their role is crucial in driving the disease pathology and outcome (e.g., Cancers). In this review, we discuss the recent findings that link many metabolites with macrophage functions and highlight how this metabolic reprogramming can improve our understanding of cellular malfunction in the macrophages during inflammatory disorders. A systematic analysis of the interconnecting crosstalk between metabolic pathways with macrophages should inform the selection of immunomodulatory therapies for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pranita P Sarangi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
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36
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Lin S, Lin R, Zhang H, Xu Q, He Y. Peripheral vascular remodeling during ischemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1078047. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1078047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
About 230 million people worldwide suffer from peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and the prevalence is increasing year by year. Multiple risk factors, including smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, can contribute to the development of PAD. PAD is typically characterized by intermittent claudication and resting pain, and there is a risk of severe limb ischemia, leading to major adverse limb events, such as amputation. Currently, a major progress in the research field of the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling, including atherosclerosis and neointima hyperplasia has been made. For example, the molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and smooth muscle phenotype switching have been described. Interestingly, a series of focused studies on fibroblasts of the vessel wall has demonstrated their impact on smooth muscle proliferation and even endothelial function via cell-cell communications. In this review, we aim to focus on the functional changes of peripheral arterial cells and the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of PAD. At the same time, we summarize the progress of the current clinical treatment and potential therapeutic methods for PAD and shine a light on future perspectives.
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37
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Sousa T, Gouveia M, Travasso RD, Salvador A. How abundant are superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the vasculature lumen, how far can they reach? Redox Biol 2022; 58:102527. [PMID: 36335761 PMCID: PMC9640316 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracrine superoxide (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling critically depends on these substances' concentrations, half-lives and transport ranges in extracellular media. Here we estimated these parameters for the lumen of human capillaries, arterioles and arteries using reaction-diffusion-advection models. These models considered O2•− and H2O2 production by endothelial cells and uptake by erythrocytes and endothelial cells, O2•− dismutation, O2•− and H2O2 diffusion and advection by the blood flow. Results show that in this environment O2•− and H2O2 have half-lives <60. ms and <40. ms, respectively, the former determined by the plasma SOD3 activity, the latter by clearance by endothelial cells and erythrocytes. H2O2 concentrations do not exceed the 10 nM scale. Maximal O2•− concentrations near vessel walls exceed H2O2's several-fold when the latter results solely from O2•− dismutation. Cytosolic dismutation of inflowing O2•− may thus significantly contribute to H2O2 delivery to cells. O2•− concentrations near vessel walls decay to 50% of maximum 12 μm downstream from O2•− production sites. H2O2 concentrations in capillaries decay to 50% of maximum 22 μm (6.0 μm) downstream from O2•− (H2O2) production sites. Near arterioles' (arteries') walls, they decay by 50% within 6.0 μm (4. μm) of H2O2 production sites. However, they reach maximal values 50 μm (24 μm) downstream from O2•− production sites and decrease by 50% over 650 μm (500 μm). Arterial/olar endothelial cells might thus signal over a mm downstream through O2•−-derived H2O2, though this requires nM-sensitive H2O2 transduction mechanisms. Physiological local H2O2 concentrations in vasculature lumen are up to 10's of μM. H2O2 transport range in capillaries is just ≈20 μm. Faster blood flow in arteri(ol)es transports O2•−-derived H2O2 over 100's of μm Similar H2O2 abundances and distribution near arterioles' and arteries' walls, likewise for O2•−. Inflowing O2•− may significantly feed H2O2 to the cytosol of endothelial cells
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Guerra-Ojeda S, Marchio P, Rueda C, Suarez A, Garcia H, Victor VM, Juez M, Martin-Gonzalez I, Vila JM, Mauricio MD. Cerium dioxide nanoparticles modulate antioxidant defences and change vascular response in the human saphenous vein. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:694-701. [PMID: 36402438 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have a promising future in biomedical applications and knowing whether they affect ex vivo vascular reactivity is a necessary step before their use in patients. In this study, we have evaluated the vascular effect of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) on the human saphenous vein in response to relaxing and contractile agonists. In addition, we have measured the protein expression of key enzymes related to vascular homeostasis and oxidative stress. We found that CeO2NPs increased expression of both SOD isoforms, and the consequent reduction of superoxide anion would enhance the bioavailability of NO explaining the increased vascular sensitivity to sodium nitroprusside in the presence of CeO2NPs. The NOX4 reduction induced by CeO2NPs may lead to lower H2O2 synthesis associated with vasodilation through potassium channels explaining the lower vasodilation to bradykinin. In addition, we showed for the first time, that CeO2NPs increase the expression of ACE2 in human saphenous vein, and it may be the cause of the reduced contraction to angiotensin II. Moreover, we ruled out that CeO2NPs have effect on the protein expression of eNOS, sGC, BKca channels and angiotensin II receptors or modify the vascular response to noradrenaline, endothelin-1 and TXA2 analogue. In conclusion, CeO2NPs show antioxidant properties, and together with their vascular effect, they could be postulated as adjuvants for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Guerra-Ojeda
- Department of Physiology. InVas Research Group. University of Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Marchio
- Department of Physiology. InVas Research Group. University of Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Rueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University General Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Suarez
- Department of Physiology. InVas Research Group. University of Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo Garcia
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Department of Physiology. InVas Research Group. University of Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), CIBEREHD. Spain
| | - Marina Juez
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University General Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ivan Martin-Gonzalez
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose M Vila
- Department of Physiology. InVas Research Group. University of Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria D Mauricio
- Department of Physiology. InVas Research Group. University of Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
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Hofmann A, Frank F, Wolk S, Busch A, Klimova A, Sabarstinski P, Gerlach M, Egorov D, Kopaliani I, Weinert S, Hamann B, Poitz DM, Brunssen C, Morawietz H, Schröder K, Reeps C. NOX4 mRNA correlates with plaque stability in patients with carotid artery stenosis. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102473. [PMID: 36182808 PMCID: PMC9526188 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) develops from atherosclerotic lesions and plaques. Plaque rupture or stenosis may result in occlusion of the carotid artery. Accordingly, the asymptomatic disease becomes symptomatic, characterized by ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks, indicating an urgent need for better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and eventually prevent symptomatic CAS. NOX4, a member of the NADPH oxidase family, has anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of early atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that NOX4 mRNA expression is linked to protective mechanisms in CAS patients with advanced atherosclerotic lesions as well. Indeed, NOX4 mRNA expression is lower in patients with symptomatic CAS. A low NOX4 mRNA expression is associated with an increased risk of the development of clinical symptoms. In fact, NOX4 appears to be linked to plaque stability, apoptosis and plaque hemorrhage. This is supported by cleaved caspase-3 and glycophorin C and correlates inversely with plaque NOX4 mRNA expression. Even healing of a ruptured plaque appears to be connected to NOX4, as NOX4 mRNA expression correlates to fibrous cap collagen and is reciprocally related to MMP9 activity. In conclusion, low intra-plaque NOX4 mRNA expression is associated with an increased risk for symptomatic outcome and with reduced plaque stabilizing mechanisms suggesting protective effects of NOX4 in human advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
| | - Frieda Frank
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolk
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Klimova
- Core Unit Data Management and Analytics, National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden, Partner Site Dresden, University Cancer Center (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany
| | - Pamela Sabarstinski
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gerlach
- Core Facility Cellular Imaging (CFCI), Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dmitry Egorov
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irakli Kopaliani
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sönke Weinert
- Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Magdeburg University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bianca Hamann
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - David M Poitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany and German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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Li M, Ren C. Exploring the protective mechanism of baicalin in treatment of atherosclerosis using endothelial cells deregulation model and network pharmacology. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:257. [PMID: 36192741 PMCID: PMC9527735 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03738-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Baicalin is a generally available flavonoid with potent biological activity. The present study aimed to assess the underlying mechanism of baicalin in treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) with the help of network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation. Methods The target genes of baicalin and AS were identified from public databases, and the overlapping results were considered to be baicalin-AS targets. Core target genes of baicalin were obtained through the PPI network and validated by a clinical microarray dataset (GSE132651). Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct an endothelial injury model. The expression of NOX4 was examined by real-time qPCR and western blot. Flow cytometry was used to detect intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, HAECs were transfected with NOX4-specific siRNA and then co-stimulated with baicalin and LPS to investigate whether NOX4 was involved in the anti-oxidative stress effects of baicalin. Results In this study, baicalin had 45 biological targets against AS. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that most targets were involved in oxidative stress. Using the CytoHubba plug-in, we obtained the top 10 genes in the PPI network ranked by the EPC algorithm. Molecular docking and microarray dataset validation indicated that NOX4 may be an essential target of baicalin, and its expression was significantly suppressed in AS samples compared to controls. In endothelial injury model, intervention of HAECs with baicalin increased the expression levels of NOX4 and NOS3 (eNOS), and decreased LPS-induced ROS generation. After inhibition of NOX4, the anti-ROS-generating effect of baicalin was abolished. Conclusion Collectively, we combined network pharmacology and endothelial injury models to investigate the anti-AS mechanism of baicalin. The results demonstrate that baicalin may exert anti-oxidative stress effects by targeting NOX4, providing new mechanisms and insights to baicalin for the treatment of AS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03738-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshuang Li
- grid.452858.6Taizhou Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang China ,grid.452858.6Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Conglin Ren
- grid.452858.6Taizhou Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang China ,grid.452858.6Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang China
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41
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Empagliflozin prevents angiotensin II-induced hypertension related micro and macrovascular endothelial cell activation and diastolic dysfunction in rats despite persistent hypertension: Role of endothelial SGLT1 and 2. Vascul Pharmacol 2022; 146:107095. [PMID: 35944842 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.107095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) showed pronounced beneficial effects in patients with heart failure but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated the effect of empagliflozin, selective SGLT2i, on hypertension-induced cardiac and vascular dysfunction. Male Wistar rats received diet with or without empagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day). After 1 week, a hypertensive dose of Ang II (0.4 mg/kg/day) was administered using osmotic mini-pumps for 4 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was determined by sphygmomanometry, the cardiac function by echocardiography and ex vivo (coronary microvascular endothelial cell activation, LV remodeling and fibrosis responses), and the systemic micro and macrovascular endothelial cell activation ex vivo. Empagliflozin treatment did not affect the Ang II-induced hypertensive response. Ang II treatment increased LV mass and induced LV diastolic dysfunction, fibrosis, collagen I and ANP expression, and infiltration of macrophages. In the vasculature, it caused eNOS upregulation in the aorta and down-regulation in mesenteric microvessels associated with increased oxidative stress, ACE, AT1R, VCAM-1, MCP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 and collagen I expression, increased endothelial SGLT1 staining in the aorta, mesenteric and coronary microvessels, increased SGLT1 and 2 protein levels in the aorta. All Ang II-induced cardiac and vascular responses were reduced by the empagliflozin treatment. Thus, the SGLT2i effectively attenuated the deleterious impact of Ang II-induced hypertension on target organs including cardiac diastolic dysfunction and remodeling, and endothelial cell activation and pro-atherosclerotic, pro-fibrotic and pro-remodeling responses in macro and microvessels despite persistent hypertension.
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42
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Ishii T, Warabi E, Mann GE. Mechanisms underlying Nrf2 nuclear translocation by non-lethal levels of hydrogen peroxide: p38 MAPK-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase2 membrane trafficking and ceramide/PKCζ/CK2 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:191-202. [PMID: 36064071 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is an aerobic metabolite playing a central role in redox signaling and oxidative stress. H2O2 could activate redox sensitive transcription factors, such as Nrf2, AP-1 and NF-κB by different manners. In some cells, treatment with non-lethal levels of H2O2 induces rapid activation of Nrf2, which upregulates expression of a set of genes involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis and defenses against oxidative damage. It depends on two steps, the rapid translational activation of Nrf2 and facilitation of Nrf2 nuclear translocation. We review the molecular mechanisms by which H2O2 induces nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in cultured cells by highlighting the role of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), a GSH sensor. H2O2 enters cells through aquaporin channels in the plasma membrane and is rapidly reduced to H2O by GSH peroxidases to consume cellular GSH, resulting in nSMase2 activation to generate ceramide. H2O2 also activates p38 MAP kinase, which enhances transfer of nSMase2 from perinuclear regions to plasma membrane lipid rafts to accelerate ceramide generation. Low levels of ceramide activate PKCζ, which then activates casein kinase 2 (CK2). These protein kinases are able to phosphorylate Nrf2 to stabilize and activate it. Notably, Nrf2 also binds to caveolin-1 (Cav1), which protects Nrf2 from Keap1-mediated degradation and limits Nrf2 nuclear translocation. We propose that Cav1serves as a signaling hub for the control of H2O2-mediated phosphorylation of Nrf2 by kinases, which results in release of Nrf2 from Cav1 to facilitate nuclear translocation. In summary, H2O2 induces GSH depletion which is recovered by Nrf2 activation dependent on p38/nSMase2/ceramide signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Ishii
- School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Eiji Warabi
- School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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43
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Hou E, Yan J, Zhu X, Qiao J. High-salt diet contributes to excess oxidative stress and abnormal metabolism in mouse ovaries. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5500. [PMID: 36068010 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
High-salt diets (HSDs) are associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a key role in ovarian disorders. However, it is not yet clear whether HSDs impact ovarian redox balance and metabolism. Accordingly, in this study, we analyzed the effect of HSDs on ovarian redox balance by biochemical analysis and further dissected its possible mechanism by metabolic analysis combined with correlation network method. We found that ROS and H2 O2 levels were significantly increased in the ovarian tissue of mice receiving an HSD for 4 weeks. The enhanced activity of NADPH oxidase may contribute to an increase in ROS in ovarian tissue after excessive salt consumption. Meanwhile, the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase 2, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase increased significantly. The apparent activation of antioxidant defense appeared insufficient as the glutathione, GSH/GSSG ratio, and NADPH/NADP+ ratio decreased significantly. In addition, HSDs significantly altered the metabolic patterns of ovarian tissue in mice, and pathways were mainly enriched in fatty acid metabolism. Arachidonic acid was an altered hub metabolite according to Pearson correlation network analysis. Mechanistically, an HSD increased the concentration of arachidonic acid in ovarian tissue, inducing high NADPH oxidase activity, which increased the levels of ROS and H2 O2 . Our results indicate that HSDs can lead to increased oxidative stress and dramatically alter the metabolic patterns in mouse ovarian tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Entai Hou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Beijing key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Beijing key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Beijing key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Beijing key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
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44
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Hwang HJ, Kim N, Herman AB, Gorospe M, Lee JS. Factors and Pathways Modulating Endothelial Cell Senescence in Vascular Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710135. [PMID: 36077539 PMCID: PMC9456027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging causes a progressive decline in the structure and function of organs. With advancing age, an accumulation of senescent endothelial cells (ECs) contributes to the risk of developing vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration. Senescent ECs undergo phenotypic changes that alter the pattern of expressed proteins, as well as their morphologies and functions, and have been linked to vascular impairments, such as aortic stiffness, enhanced inflammation, and dysregulated vascular tone. Numerous molecules and pathways, including sirtuins, Klotho, RAAS, IGFBP, NRF2, and mTOR, have been implicated in promoting EC senescence. This review summarizes the molecular players and signaling pathways driving EC senescence and identifies targets with possible therapeutic value in age-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Hwang
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Nayeon Kim
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Allison B. Herman
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Mitigate Mitral Regurgitation-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172750. [PMID: 36078158 PMCID: PMC9455158 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitral regurgitation (MR), the disruption of the mitral valve, contributes to heart failure (HF). Under conditions of volume overload, excess mineralocorticoids promote cardiac fibrosis. The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and a guideline-recommended therapy for HF, but whether it can ameliorate degenerative MR remains unknown. Herein, we investigate the efficacy of spironolactone in improving cardiac remodeling in MR-induced HF compared with that of a loop diuretic, furosemide. Using a novel and mini-invasive technique, we established a rat model of MR. We treated the rats with spironolactone or furosemide for twelve weeks. The levels of cardiac fibrosis, apoptosis, and stress-associated proteins were then measured. In parallel, we compared the cardiac remodeling of 165 patients with degenerative MR receiving either spironolactone or furosemide. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and at six months. In MR rats treated with spironolactone, left ventricular function—especially when strained—and the pressure volume relationship significantly improved compared to those of rats treated with furosemide. Spironolactone treatment demonstrated significant attenuation of cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis in left ventricular tissue compared to furosemide. Further, spironolactone suppressed the expression of apoptosis-, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)- and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-associated proteins. Similarly, compared with MR patients receiving furosemide those prescribed spironolactone demonstrated a trend toward reduction in MR severity and showed improvement in left ventricular function. Collectively, MR-induced cardiovascular dysfunction, including fibrosis and apoptosis, was effectively attenuated by spironolactone treatment. Our findings suggest a potential therapeutic option for degenerative MR-induced HF.
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Hahner F, Moll F, Warwick T, Hebchen DM, Buchmann GK, Epah J, Abplanalp W, Schader T, Günther S, Gilsbach R, Brandes RP, Schröder K. Nox4 promotes endothelial differentiation through chromatin remodeling. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102381. [PMID: 35810713 PMCID: PMC9287364 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Nox4 is a constitutively active NADPH oxidase that constantly produces low levels of H2O2. Thereby, Nox4 contributes to cell homeostasis and long-term processes, such as differentiation. The high expression of Nox4 seen in endothelial cells contrasts with the low abundance of Nox4 in stem cells, which are accordingly characterized by low levels of H2O2. We hypothesize that Nox4 is a major contributor to endothelial differentiation, is induced during the process of differentiation, and facilitates homeostasis of the resulting endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of No×4 in differentiation of murine inducible pluripotent stem cells (miPSC) into endothelial cells (ECs). METHODS AND RESULTS miPSC, generated from mouse embryonic wildtype (WT) and Nox4-/- fibroblasts, were differentiated into endothelial cells (miPSC-EC) by stimulation with BMP4 and VEGF. During this process, Nox4 expression increased and knockout of Nox4 prolonged the abundance of pluripotency markers, while expression of endothelial markers was delayed in differentiating Nox4-depleted iPSCs. Eventually, angiogenic capacity of iPSC-ECs is reduced in Nox4 deficient cells, indicating that an absence of Nox4 diminishes stability of the reached phenotype. As an underlying mechanism, we identified JmjD3 as a redox target of Nox4. iPSC-ECs lacking Nox4 display a lower nuclear abundance of the histone demethylase JmjD3, resulting in an increased triple methylation of histone 3 (H3K27me3), which serves as a repressive mark for several genes involved in differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Nox4 promotes differentiation of miPSCs into ECs by oxidation of JmjD3 and subsequent demethylation of H3K27me3, which forced endothelial differentiation and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hahner
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Moll
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D M Hebchen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - G K Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Epah
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - W Abplanalp
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Schader
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Günther
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - R Gilsbach
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Frąk W, Wojtasińska A, Lisińska W, Młynarska E, Franczyk B, Rysz J. Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases: New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis, Arterial Hypertension, and Coronary Artery Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081938. [PMID: 36009488 PMCID: PMC9405799 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are disorders associated with the heart and circulatory system. Atherosclerosis is its major underlying cause. CVDs are chronic and can remain hidden for a long time. Moreover, CVDs are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, thus creating a major public health concern. This review summarizes the available information on the pathophysiological implications of CVDs, focusing on coronary artery disease along with atherosclerosis as its major cause and arterial hypertension. We discuss the endothelium dysfunction, inflammatory factors, and oxidation associated with atherosclerosis. Mechanisms such as dysfunction of the endothelium and inflammation, which have been identified as critical pathways for development of coronary artery disease, have become easier to diagnose in recent years. Relatively recently, evidence has been found indicating that interactions of the molecular and cellular elements such as matrix metalloproteinases, elements of the immune system, and oxidative stress are involved in the pathophysiology of arterial hypertension. Many studies have revealed several important inflammatory and genetic risk factors associated with CVDs. However, further investigation is crucial to improve our knowledge of CVDs progression and, more importantly, accelerate basic research to improve our understanding of the mechanism of pathophysiology.
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Landwehr KR, Hillas J, Mead-Hunter R, King A, O'Leary RA, Kicic A, Mullins BJ, Larcombe AN. Toxicity of different biodiesel exhausts in primary human airway epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155016. [PMID: 35381248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel is created through the transesterification of fats/oils and its usage is increasing worldwide as global warming concerns increase. Biodiesel fuel properties change depending on the feedstock used to create it. The aim of this study was to assess the different toxicological properties of biodiesel exhausts created from different feedstocks using a complex 3D air-liquid interface (ALI) model that mimics the human airway. Primary human airway epithelial cells were grown at ALI until full differentiation was achieved. Cells were then exposed to 1/20 diluted exhaust from an engine running on Diesel (ULSD), pure or 20% blended Canola biodiesel and pure or 20% blended Tallow biodiesel, or Air for control. Exhaust was analysed for various physio-chemical properties and 24-h after exposure, ALI cultures were assessed for permeability, protein release and mediator response. All measured exhaust components were within industry safety standards. ULSD contained the highest concentrations of various combustion gases. We found no differences in terms of particle characteristics for any of the tested exhausts, likely due to the high dilution used. Exposure to Tallow B100 and B20 induced increased permeability in the ALI culture and the greatest increase in mediator response in both the apical and basal compartments. In contrast, Canola B100 and B20 did not impact permeability and induced the smallest mediator response. All exhausts but Canola B20 induced increased protein release, indicating epithelial damage. Despite the concentrations of all exhausts used in this study meeting industry safety regulations, we found significant toxic effects. Tallow biodiesel was found to be the most toxic of the tested fuels and Canola the least, both for blended and pure biodiesel fuels. This suggests that the feedstock biodiesel is made from is crucial for the resulting health effects of exhaust exposure, even when not comprising the majority of fuel composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Landwehr
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia; Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Jessica Hillas
- Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ryan Mead-Hunter
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew King
- Fluid Dynamics Research Group, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca A O'Leary
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth 6151, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia; Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Mullins
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander N Larcombe
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia; Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Western Australia, Australia
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49
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Long P, Wang H, Zhang Z, Li W, Zhang Y, He S, Yu K, Jiang H, Liu X, Guo H, He M, Zhang X, Wu T, Yuan Y. Plasma metal concentrations and their interactions with genetic susceptibility on homocysteine levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113705. [PMID: 35687997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Limited studies have evaluated the associations of multiple metal exposures with homocysteine (Hcy) levels, which were independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, the interactions between genetic variants and plasma metals in relation to Hcy levels were largely unknown. We aimed to explore the associations of multiple plasma metals (including metalloids arsenic [As] and selenium [Se]) with Hcy levels and whether their associations were modified by genetic susceptibility. We included 2989 participants from the baseline of the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort (DFTJ cohort) and conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the associations of 17 plasma metals with serum Hcy levels. Both multi-variable linear regression model (single-metal model) and LASSO penalized regression model (multiple-metal model) were used to identify the Hcy-associated metals. The weighted genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated based on 18 established Hcy-associated genetic variants. For metals that were associated with Hcy, we further assessed the gene-metal interactions on Hcy levels. Among 17 metals, plasma molybdenum (Mo), strontium (Sr), and Zinc (Zn) were positively associated with Hcy levels, whereas Se was inversely associated with Hcy levels in both single- and multiple-metal models. We also observed that the genetic predisposition to Hcy significantly modified the association between plasma Se and serum Hcy levels (P for interaction = 0.003), while no significant gene-metal interactions were found for Mo, Sr, and Zn (all P for interactions > 0.05). These findings provide novel insight into the associations of the plasma concentrations of Mo, Se, Sr and Zn with Hcy levels and address the importance of Se as a potential upstream modifiable factor for the personalized prevention of elevated Hcy levels and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zirui Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wending Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqi He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhen Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Cre-Recombinase Induces Apoptosis and Cell Death in Enterocyte Organoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081452. [PMID: 35892654 PMCID: PMC9332190 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The culture of primary intestinal epithelia cells is not possible in a normal culture system. In 2009 a three-dimensional culture system of intestinal stem cells was established that shows many of the physiological features of the small intestine, such as crypt-villus structure, stem cell niche and all types of differentiated intestinal epithelial cells. These enteroids can be used to analyze biology of intestinal stem cells, gut homeostasis and the development of diseases. They also give the possibility to reduce animal numbers, as enteroids can be cryo-conserved and cultivated for many passages. To investigate the influence of genes such as NADPH oxidases on the gut homeostasis, transgenic approached are the method of choice. The generation of enteroids from knockout mice allows real-time observations of knockout effects. Often conditional knockout or overexpression strategies using inducible Cre recombinase are applied to avoid effects of adaption to the knockout. However, the Cre recombinase has many known caveats from unspecific binding and its endonuclease activity. In this study, we show that although NADPH oxidases are important for in vivo differentiation and proliferation of the intestine, their expression is drastically reduced in the organoid system. Activation of Cre recombinase by 4-hydroxy tamoxifen in freshly isolated enteroids, independently of floxed genes, leads to decreased diameter of organoids. This effect is concentration-dependent and is caused by reduced cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis and DNA damage. In contrast, constitutive expression of Cre has no impact on the enteroids. Therefore, reduction of tamoxifen concentration and treatment duration should be carefully titrated, and appropriate controls are necessary.
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