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Pandey N, Kaur H, Chorawala MR, Anand SK, Chandaluri L, Butler ME, Aishwarya R, Gaddam SJ, Shen X, Alfaidi M, Wang J, Zhang X, Beedupalli K, Bhuiyan MS, Bhuiyan MAN, Buchhanolla P, Rai P, Shah R, Chokhawala H, Jordan JD, Magdy T, Orr AW, Stokes KY, Rom O, Dhanesha N. Interactions between integrin α9β1 and VCAM-1 promote neutrophil hyperactivation and mediate poststroke DVT. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2104-2117. [PMID: 38498701 PMCID: PMC11063402 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Venous thromboembolic events are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in patients with stroke. Neutrophils are among the first cells in the blood to respond to stroke and are known to promote deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Integrin α9 is a transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed on neutrophils and stabilizes neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelium via vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). Nevertheless, the causative role of neutrophil integrin α9 in poststroke DVT remains unknown. Here, we found higher neutrophil integrin α9 and plasma VCAM-1 levels in humans and mice with stroke. Using mice with embolic stroke, we observed enhanced DVT severity in a novel model of poststroke DVT. Neutrophil-specific integrin α9-deficient mice (α9fl/flMrp8Cre+/-) exhibited a significant reduction in poststroke DVT severity along with decreased neutrophils and citrullinated histone H3 in thrombi. Unbiased transcriptomics indicated that α9/VCAM-1 interactions induced pathways related to neutrophil inflammation, exocytosis, NF-κB signaling, and chemotaxis. Mechanistic studies revealed that integrin α9/VCAM-1 interactions mediate neutrophil adhesion at the venous shear rate, promote neutrophil hyperactivation, increase phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and induce endothelial cell apoptosis. Using pharmacogenomic profiling, virtual screening, and in vitro assays, we identified macitentan as a potent inhibitor of integrin α9/VCAM-1 interactions and neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelial cells. Macitentan reduced DVT severity in control mice with and without stroke, but not in α9fl/flMrp8Cre+/- mice, suggesting that macitentan improves DVT outcomes by inhibiting neutrophil integrin α9. Collectively, we uncovered a previously unrecognized and critical pathway involving the α9/VCAM-1 axis in neutrophil hyperactivation and DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Pandey
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Mehul R. Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Anand
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Lakshmi Chandaluri
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Megan E. Butler
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Shiva J. Gaddam
- Department of Hematology and Oncology and Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Mabruka Alfaidi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Jian Wang
- Bioinformatics and Modeling Core, Center for Applied Immunology and Pathological Processes, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Bioinformatics and Modeling Core, Center for Applied Immunology and Pathological Processes, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Kavitha Beedupalli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology and Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | | | - Prabandh Buchhanolla
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Prashant Rai
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Rahul Shah
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Himanshu Chokhawala
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - J. Dedrick Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Tarek Magdy
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - A. Wayne Orr
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Karen Y. Stokes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Oren Rom
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
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Guerrero-Barberà G, Burday N, Costell M. Shaping Oncogenic Microenvironments: Contribution of Fibronectin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1363004. [PMID: 38660622 PMCID: PMC11039881 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1363004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins and glycans, dynamically remodeled and specifically tailored to the structure/function of each organ. The malignant transformation of cancer cells is determined by both cell intrinsic properties, such as mutations, and extrinsic variables, such as the mixture of surrounding cells in the tumor microenvironment and the biophysics of the ECM. During cancer progression, the ECM undergoes extensive remodeling, characterized by disruption of the basal lamina, vascular endothelial cell invasion, and development of fibrosis in and around the tumor cells resulting in increased tissue stiffness. This enhanced rigidity leads to aberrant mechanotransduction and further malignant transformation potentiating the de-differentiation, proliferation and invasion of tumor cells. Interestingly, this fibrotic microenvironment is primarily secreted and assembled by non-cancerous cells. Among them, the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a central role. CAFs massively produce fibronectin together with type I collagen. This review delves into the primary interactions and signaling pathways through which fibronectin can support tumorigenesis and metastasis, aiming to provide critical molecular insights for better therapy response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mercedes Costell
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Peng Z. Efficacy and safety of Agatroban in improving the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:5699-5706. [PMID: 37854211 PMCID: PMC10579034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore and analyze the efficacy and safety of combined treatment of Agatroban and Aspirin in improving short-term and long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. METHODS In this retrospective study, the clinical data of patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, Songjiang Sijing Hospital from June 2021 to April 2023 were analyzed. A total of 108 patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 54 patients treated with Aspirin only, named the control group, and 54 patients treated with Agatroban plus Aspirin, named the study group. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the study group had a higher effective rate (P=0.047). There was no significant difference in MIESSS and daily living ability scores between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the study group had a lower MIESSS score and a higher daily living ability score (P=0.035; P=0.044). There was no significant difference in coagulation indicators between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the study group had lower platelet count, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels (P=0.031; P=0.042; P=0.047). There was no significant difference in inflammatory cytokines between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the study group showed significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) (P=0.041; P=0.038; P=0.046). Compared with the control group, the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was lower (P=0.033), while the prognosis was better (P=0.029; P=0.033; P=0.048). CONCLUSION Compared with Aspirin alone, Argatroban plus Aspirin can optimize coagulation parameters to a greater extent and reduce the level of cellular inflammatory factors, further improve the body's neurological functions, remarkably reduce the occurrence of adverse prognosis, and enhance the patient's ability of daily living, with remarkable therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Peng
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Shanghai Songjiang Sijing Hospital Shanghai 201601, China
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Patel RB, Dhanesha N, Sutariya B, Ghatge M, Doddapattar P, Barbhuyan T, Kumskova M, Leira EC, Chauhan AK. Targeting Neutrophil α9 Improves Functional Outcomes After Stroke in Mice With Obesity-Induced Hyperglycemia. Stroke 2023; 54:2409-2419. [PMID: 37449422 PMCID: PMC10529694 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.042714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-induced hyperglycemia is a significant risk factor for stroke. Integrin α9β1 is expressed on neutrophils and stabilizes adhesion to the endothelium via ligands, including Fn-EDA (fibronectin containing extra domain A) and tenascin C. Although myeloid deletion of α9 reduces susceptibility to ischemic stroke, it is unclear whether this is mediated by neutrophil-derived α9. We determined the role of neutrophil-specific α9 in stroke outcomes in a mice model with obesity-induced hyperglycemia. METHODS α9Neu-KO (α9fl/flMRP8Cre+) and littermate control α9WT (α9fl/flMRP8Cre-) mice were fed on a 60% high-fat diet for 20 weeks to induce obesity-induced hyperglycemia. Functional outcomes were evaluated up to 28 days after stroke onset in mice of both sexes using a transient (30 minutes) middle cerebral artery ischemia. Infarct volume (magnetic resonance imaging) and postreperfusion thrombo-inflammation (thrombi, fibrin, neutrophil, phospho-nuclear factor kappa B [p-NFκB], TNF [tumor necrosis factor]-α, and IL [interleukin]-1β levels, markers of neutrophil extracellular traps) were measured post 6 or 48 hours of reperfusion. In addition, functional outcomes (modified Neurological Severity Score, rota-rod, corner, and wire-hanging test) were measured for up to 4 weeks. RESULTS Stroke upregulated neutrophil α9 expression more in obese mice (P<0.05 versus lean mice). Irrespective of sex, deletion of neutrophil α9 improved functional outcomes up to 4 weeks, concomitant with reduced infarct, improved cerebral blood flow, decreased postreperfusion thrombo-inflammation, and neutrophil extracellular traps formation (NETosis) (P<0.05 versus α9WT obese mice). Obese α9Neu-KO mice were less susceptible to thrombosis in FeCl3 injury-induced carotid thrombosis model. Mechanistically, we found that α9/cellular fibronectin axis contributes to NETosis via ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) and PAD4 (peptidyl arginine deiminase 4), and neutrophil α9 worsens stroke outcomes via cellular fibronectin-EDA but not tenascin C. Obese wild-type mice infused with anti-integrin α9 exhibited improved functional outcomes up to 4 weeks (P<0.05 versus vehicle). CONCLUSIONS Genetic ablation of neutrophil-specific α9 or pharmacological inhibition improves long-term functional outcomes after stroke in mice with obesity-induced hyperglycemia, most likely by limiting thrombo-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh B. Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brijesh Sutariya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Madankumar Ghatge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Prakash Doddapattar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Tarun Barbhuyan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mariia Kumskova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Enrique C. Leira
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anil K. Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Andrews SL, Ghaderi-Najafabadi M, Gong P, Shamkhi N, Carleton L, Schofield C, Kessler T, Samani NJ, Webb TR, Morris GE. SVEP1 influences monocyte to macrophage differentiation via integrin α4β1/α9β1 and Rho/Rac signalling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119479. [PMID: 37100352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The large extracellular matrix protein SVEP1 mediates cell adhesion via integrin α9β1. Recent studies have identified an association between a missense variant in SVEP1 and increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans and in mice Svep1 deficiency alters the development of atherosclerotic plaques. However how SVEP1 functionally contributes to CAD pathogenesis is not fully understood. Monocyte recruitment and differentiation to macrophages is a key step in the development of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the requirement for SVEP1 in this process. METHODS SVEP1 expression was measured during monocyte-macrophage differentiation in primary monocytes and THP-1 human monocytic cells. SVEP1 knockout THP-1 cell lines and the dual integrin α4β1/α9β1 inhibitor, BOP, were utilised to investigate the effect of these proteins in THP-1 cell adhesion, migration and cell spreading assays. Subsequent activation of downstream integrin signalling intermediaries was quantified by western blotting. RESULTS SVEP1 gene expression increases in monocyte to macrophage differentiation in human primary monocytes and THP-1 cells. Using two SVEP1 knockout THP-1 cells we observed reduction in monocyte adhesion, migration, and cell spreading compared to control cells. Similar results were found with integrin α4β1/α9β1 inhibition. We demonstrate reduced activity of Rho and Rac1 in SVEP1 knockout THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS SVEP1 regulates monocyte recruitment and differentiation phenotypes through an integrin α4β1/α9β1 dependent mechanism. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These results describe a novel role for SVEP1 in monocyte behaviour relevant to CAD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Andrews
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
| | - M Ghaderi-Najafabadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
| | - P Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
| | - N Shamkhi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
| | - L Carleton
- Horizon Discovery Ltd., 8100 Cambridge Research Park, Cambridge CB25 9TL, United Kingdom.
| | - C Schofield
- Horizon Discovery Ltd., 8100 Cambridge Research Park, Cambridge CB25 9TL, United Kingdom.
| | - T Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e. V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - N J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
| | - T R Webb
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
| | - G E Morris
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
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Xie C, Gao X, Liu G, Tang H, Li C. USP10 is a potential mediator for vagus nerve stimulation to alleviate neuroinflammation in ischaemic stroke by inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1130697. [PMID: 37153558 PMCID: PMC10157167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has a protective effect on neurological recovery in ischaemic stroke. However, its underlying mechanism remains to be clarified. Ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10), a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family, has been shown to inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway. Therefore, this study investigated whether USP10 plays a key role in the protective effect of VNS against ischemic stroke and explore its mechanism. Methods Ischaemic stroke model was constructed by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in mice. VNS was performed at 30 min, 24hr, and 48hr after the establishment of tMCAO model. USP10 expression induced by VNS after tMCAO was measured. LV-shUSP10 was used to establish the model with low expression of USP10 by stereotaxic injection technique. The effects of VNS with or without USP10 silencing on neurological deficits, cerebral infarct volume, NF-κB pathway activation, glial cell activation, and release of pro-inflammation cytokines were assessed. Results VNS enhanced the expression of USP10 following tMCAO. VNS ameliorated neurological deficits and reduced cerebral infarct volume, but this effect was inhibited by silencing of USP10. Activation of the NF-κB pathway and the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by tMCAO were suppressed by VNS. Moreover, VNS promoted the pro-to-anti-inflammatory response of microglia and inhibited activation of astrocytes, while silencing of USP10 prevented the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of VNS. Conclusion USP10 is a potential mediator for VNS to alleviate neurological deficits, neuroinflammation, and glial cell activation in ischaemic stroke by inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Changqing Li,
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Jung IH, Elenbaas JS, Burks KH, Amrute JM, Xiangyu Z, Alisio A, Stitziel NO. Vascular smooth muscle- and myeloid cell-derived integrin α9β1 does not directly mediate the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Atherosclerosis 2022; 360:15-20. [PMID: 36215801 PMCID: PMC9615102 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF pentraxin domain-containing 1 (SVEP1), an extracellular matrix protein, is a human coronary artery disease locus that promotes atherosclerosis. We previously demonstrated that SVEP1 induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and an inflammatory phenotype in the arterial wall to enhance the development of atherosclerotic plaque. The only receptor known to interact with SVEP1 is integrin α9β1, a cell surface receptor that is expressed by VSMCs and myeloid lineage-derived monocytes and macrophages. Our previous in vitro studies suggested that integrin α9β1 was necessary for SVEP1-induced VSMC proliferation and inflammation; however, the underlying mechanisms mediated by integrin α9β1 in these cell types during the development of atherosclerosis remain poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, using cell-specific gene targeting, we investigated the effects of the integrin α9β1 receptor on VSMCs and myeloid cells in mouse models of atherosclerosis. Interestingly, we found that depleting integrin α9β1 in either VSMCs or myeloid cells did not affect the formation or complexity of atherosclerotic plaque in vessels after either 8 or 16 weeks of high fat diet feeding. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that integrin α9β1 in these two cell types does not mediate the in vivo effect of SVEP1 in the development of atherosclerosis. Instead, our results suggest either the presence of other potential receptor(s) or alternative integrin α9β1-expressing cell types responsible for SVEP1 induced signaling in the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hyuk Jung
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jared S Elenbaas
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kendall H Burks
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Junedh M Amrute
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zhang Xiangyu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Arturo Alisio
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nathan O Stitziel
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Gu Y, Zhou C, Piao Z, Yuan H, Jiang H, Wei H, Zhou Y, Nan G, Ji X. Cerebral edema after ischemic stroke: Pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:988283. [PMID: 36061592 PMCID: PMC9434007 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.988283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is associated with increasing morbidity and has become the main cause of death and disability worldwide. Cerebral edema is a serious complication arising from ischemic stroke. It causes an increase in intracranial pressure, rapid deterioration of neurological symptoms, and formation of cerebral hernia, and is an important risk factor for adverse outcomes after stroke. To date, the detailed mechanism of cerebral edema after stroke remains unclear. This limits advances in prevention and treatment strategies as well as drug development. This review discusses the classification and pathological characteristics of cerebral edema, the possible relationship of the development of cerebral edema after ischemic stroke with aquaporin 4, the SUR1-TRPM4 channel, matrix metalloproteinase 9, microRNA, cerebral venous reflux, inflammatory reactions, and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. It also summarizes research on new therapeutic drugs for post-stroke cerebral edema. Thus, this review provides a reference for further studies and for clinical treatment of cerebral edema after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Gu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Piao
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Honghua Yuan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huimin Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Wei
- Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxian Nan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Guangxian Nan,
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xunming Ji,
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9
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Therapeutic potential of Short Chain Fatty acid production by gut microbiota in Neurodegenerative disorders. Nutr Res 2022; 106:72-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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DeLong JH, Ohashi SN, O'Connor KC, Sansing LH. Inflammatory Responses After Ischemic Stroke. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:625-648. [PMID: 35767089 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke generates an immune response that contributes to neuronal loss as well as tissue repair. This is a complex process involving a range of cell types and effector molecules and impacts tissues outside of the CNS. Recent reviews address specific aspects of this response, but several years have passed and important advances have been made since a high-level review has summarized the overall state of the field. The present review examines the initiation of the inflammatory response after ischemic stroke, the complex impacts of leukocytes on patient outcome, and the potential of basic science discoveries to impact the development of therapeutics. The information summarized here is derived from broad PubMed searches and aims to reflect recent research advances in an unbiased manner. We highlight valuable recent discoveries and identify gaps in knowledge that have the potential to advance our understanding of this disease and therapies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Howard DeLong
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah Naomi Ohashi
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin Charles O'Connor
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauren Hachmann Sansing
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Lindbohm JV, Mars N, Walker KA, Singh‐Manoux A, Livingston G, Brunner EJ, Sipilä PN, Saksela K, Ferrie JE, Lovering RC, Williams SA, Hingorani AD, Gottesman RF, Zetterberg H, Kivimäki M. Plasma proteins, cognitive decline, and 20-year risk of dementia in the Whitehall II and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities studies. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:612-624. [PMID: 34338426 PMCID: PMC9292245 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasma proteins affect biological processes and are common drug targets but their role in the development of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias remains unclear. We examined associations between 4953 plasma proteins and cognitive decline and risk of dementia in two cohort studies with 20-year follow-ups. METHODS In the Whitehall II prospective cohort study proteins were measured using SOMAscan technology. Cognitive performance was tested five times over 20 years. Linkage to electronic health records identified incident dementia. The results were replicated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. RESULTS Fifteen non-amyloid/non-tau-related proteins were associated with cognitive decline and dementia, were consistently identified in both cohorts, and were not explained by known dementia risk factors. Levels of six of the proteins are modifiable by currently approved medications for other conditions. DISCUSSION This study identified several plasma proteins in dementia-free people that are associated with long-term risk of cognitive decline and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni V. Lindbohm
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Public Health ClinicumUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Nina Mars
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Keenan A. Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral NeuroscienceIntramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Archana Singh‐Manoux
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseasesUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Gill Livingston
- Division of PsychiatryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Camden and Islington Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Eric J. Brunner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Pyry N. Sipilä
- Department of Public Health ClinicumUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Kalle Saksela
- Department of VirologyUniversity of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Jane E. Ferrie
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Bristol Medical School (PHS)University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Ruth C. Lovering
- Functional Gene AnnotationInstitute of Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Aroon D. Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- British Heart Foundation Research AcceleratorUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Health Data ResearchLondonUK
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Public Health ClinicumUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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12
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Zhang Q, Ling S, Hu K, Liu J, Xu JW. Role of the renin-angiotensin system in NETosis in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112718. [PMID: 35176710 PMCID: PMC8841219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction and stroke are the leading causes of death in the world. Numerous evidence has confirmed that hypertension promotes thrombosis and induces myocardial infarction and stroke. Recent findings reveal that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in the induction of myocardial infarction and stroke. Meanwhile, patients with severe COVID-19 suffer from complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke with pathological signs of NETs. Due to the extremely low amount of virus detected in the blood and remote organs (e.g., heart, brain and kidney) in a few cases, it is difficult to explain the mechanism by which the virus triggers NETosis, and there may be a different mechanism than in the lung. A large number of studies have found that the renin-angiotensin system regulates the NETosis at multiple levels in patients with COVID-19, such as endocytosis of SARS-COV-2, abnormal angiotensin II levels, neutrophil activation and procoagulant function at multiple levels, which may contribute to the formation of reticular structure and thrombosis. The treatment of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) and neutrophil recruitment and active antagonists helps to regulate blood pressure and reduce the risk of net and thrombosis. The review will explore the possible role of the angiotensin system in the formation of NETs in severe COVID-19.
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Bhuria V, Baldauf CK, Schraven B, Fischer T. Thromboinflammation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)-A Puzzle Still to Be Solved. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063206. [PMID: 35328626 PMCID: PMC8954909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), a group of malignant hematological disorders, occur as a consequence of somatic mutations in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment and show excessive accumulation of mature myeloid cells in the blood. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients is the marked prothrombotic state leading to venous and arterial thrombosis, including myocardial infarction (MI), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and strokes. Additionally, many MPN patients suffer from inflammation-mediated constitutional symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, and cachexia. The chronic inflammatory syndrome in MPNs is associated with the up-regulation of various inflammatory cytokines in patients and is involved in the formation of the so-called MPN thromboinflammation. JAK2-V617F, the most prevalent mutation in MPNs, has been shown to activate a number of integrins on mature myeloid cells, including granulocytes and erythrocytes, which increase adhesion and drive venous thrombosis in murine knock-in/out models. This review aims to shed light on the current understanding of thromboinflammation, involvement of neutrophils in the prothrombotic state, plausible molecular mechanisms triggering the process of thrombosis, and potential novel therapeutic targets for developing effective strategies to reduce the MPN disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Bhuria
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention—ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Conny K. Baldauf
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention—ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-15338; Fax: +49-391-67-15852
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention—ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Bhuria V, Baldauf CK, Schraven B, Fischer T. Thromboinflammation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)-A Puzzle Still to Be Solved. Int J Mol Sci 2022. [PMID: 35328626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063206.pmid:35328626;pmcid:pmc8954909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), a group of malignant hematological disorders, occur as a consequence of somatic mutations in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment and show excessive accumulation of mature myeloid cells in the blood. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients is the marked prothrombotic state leading to venous and arterial thrombosis, including myocardial infarction (MI), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and strokes. Additionally, many MPN patients suffer from inflammation-mediated constitutional symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, and cachexia. The chronic inflammatory syndrome in MPNs is associated with the up-regulation of various inflammatory cytokines in patients and is involved in the formation of the so-called MPN thromboinflammation. JAK2-V617F, the most prevalent mutation in MPNs, has been shown to activate a number of integrins on mature myeloid cells, including granulocytes and erythrocytes, which increase adhesion and drive venous thrombosis in murine knock-in/out models. This review aims to shed light on the current understanding of thromboinflammation, involvement of neutrophils in the prothrombotic state, plausible molecular mechanisms triggering the process of thrombosis, and potential novel therapeutic targets for developing effective strategies to reduce the MPN disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Bhuria
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention-ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Conny K Baldauf
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention-ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention-ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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15
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Dhanesha N, Patel RB, Doddapattar P, Ghatge M, Flora GD, Jain M, Thedens D, Olalde H, Kumskova M, Leira EC, Chauhan AK. PKM2 promotes neutrophil activation and cerebral thromboinflammation: therapeutic implications for ischemic stroke. Blood 2022; 139:1234-1245. [PMID: 34529778 PMCID: PMC8874361 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need for cerebro-protective interventions to improve the suboptimal outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke who have been treated with reperfusion strategies. We found that nuclear pyruvate kinase muscle 2 (PKM2), a modulator of systemic inflammation, was upregulated in neutrophils after the onset of ischemic stroke in both humans and mice. Therefore, we determined the role of PKM2 in stroke pathogenesis by using murine models with preexisting comorbidities. We generated novel myeloid cell-specific PKM2-/- mice on wild-type (PKM2fl/flLysMCre+) and hyperlipidemic background (PKM2fl/flLysMCre+Apoe-/-). Controls were littermate PKM2fl/flLysMCre- or PKM2fl/flLysMCre-Apoe-/- mice. Genetic deletion of PKM2 in myeloid cells limited inflammatory response in peripheral neutrophils and reduced neutrophil extracellular traps after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, suggesting that PKM2 promotes neutrophil hyperactivation in the setting of stroke. In the filament and autologous clot and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator stroke models, irrespective of sex, deletion of PKM2 in myeloid cells in either wild-type or hyperlipidemic mice reduced infarcts and enhanced long-term sensorimotor recovery. Laser speckle imaging revealed improved regional cerebral blood flow in myeloid cell-specific PKM2-deficient mice that was concomitant with reduced post-ischemic cerebral thrombo-inflammation (intracerebral fibrinogen, platelet [CD41+] deposition, neutrophil infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines). Mechanistically, PKM2 regulates post-ischemic inflammation in peripheral neutrophils by promoting STAT3 phosphorylation. To enhance the translational significance, we inhibited PKM2 nuclear translocation using a small molecule and found significantly reduced neutrophil hyperactivation and improved short-term and long-term functional outcomes after stroke. Collectively, these findings identify PKM2 as a novel therapeutic target to improve brain salvage and recovery after reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Rakesh B Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Prakash Doddapattar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Madankumar Ghatge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Gagan D Flora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Manish Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Daniel Thedens
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Heena Olalde
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Mariia Kumskova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Enrique C Leira
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Role of Integrins in Modulating Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Vascular Remodeling: From Expression to Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040646. [PMID: 35203297 PMCID: PMC8870356 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs), present in the media layer of blood vessels, are crucial in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Upon vascular injury, SMCs show a high degree of plasticity, undergo a change from a “contractile” to a “synthetic” phenotype, and play an essential role in the pathophysiology of diseases including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Integrins are cell surface receptors, which are involved in cell-to-cell binding and cell-to-extracellular-matrix interactions. By binding to extracellular matrix components, integrins trigger intracellular signaling and regulate several of the SMC function, including proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching. Although pharmacological approaches, including antibodies and synthetic peptides, have been effectively utilized to target integrins to limit atherosclerosis and restenosis, none has been commercialized yet. A clear understanding of how integrins modulate SMC biology is essential to facilitate the development of integrin-based interventions to combat atherosclerosis and restenosis. Herein, we highlight the importance of integrins in modulating functional properties of SMCs and their implications for vascular pathology.
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17
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Garg A, Dhanesha N, Shaban A, Samaniego EA, Chauhan AK, Leira EC. Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Versus Other Neurological Conditions. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:106077. [PMID: 34500199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the risk of VTE in hospitalizations due to AIS as compared to those due to non-vascular neurological conditions. We also aimed to assess any potential association between VTE risk and the use of intravenous thrombolysis (rtPA) among hospitalizations with AIS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2016-2018. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for the baseline differences between the groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the risk of VTE. RESULTS We identified 1,541,685 hospitalizations due to AIS and 1,453,520 hospitalizations due to non-vascular neurological diagnoses that served as controls. After propensity score matching, 640,560 cases with AIS and corresponding well-matched controls were obtained. Hospitalizations due to AIS had higher odds of VTE as compared to the controls [odds ratio (OR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40-1.60, P<0.001]. Among hospitalizations with AIS, 184,065 (11.9%) got rtPA. The odds of VTE were lower among the AIS hospitalizations that received rtPA as compared to those that did not (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.79-0.99, P0.035). CONCLUSION Hospitalizations due to AIS have a higher risk of VTE as compared to the non-vascular neurological controls. Among AIS cases, the risk of VTE is lower among patients treated with rtPA. These epidemiological findings support the hypothesis that the risk of VTE after AIS might be partly mediated by an intrinsic pro-coagulant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Garg
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA..
| | - Amir Shaban
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA.
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA..
| | - Enrique C Leira
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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18
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Qiu YM, Zhang CL, Chen AQ, Wang HL, Zhou YF, Li YN, Hu B. Immune Cells in the BBB Disruption After Acute Ischemic Stroke: Targets for Immune Therapy? Front Immunol 2021; 12:678744. [PMID: 34248961 PMCID: PMC8260997 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) disruption is an important pathophysiological process of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), resulting in devastating malignant brain edema and hemorrhagic transformation. The rapid activation of immune cells plays a critical role in BBB disruption after ischemic stroke. Infiltrating blood-borne immune cells (neutrophils, monocytes, and T lymphocytes) increase BBB permeability, as they cause microvascular disorder and secrete inflammation-associated molecules. In contrast, they promote BBB repair and angiogenesis in the latter phase of ischemic stroke. The profound immunological effects of cerebral immune cells (microglia, astrocytes, and pericytes) on BBB disruption have been underestimated in ischemic stroke. Post-stroke microglia and astrocytes can adopt both an M1/A1 or M2/A2 phenotype, which influence BBB integrity differently. However, whether pericytes acquire microglia phenotype and exert immunological effects on the BBB remains controversial. Thus, better understanding the inflammatory mechanism underlying BBB disruption can lead to the identification of more promising biological targets to develop treatments that minimize the onset of life-threatening complications and to improve existing treatments in patients. However, early attempts to inhibit the infiltration of circulating immune cells into the brain by blocking adhesion molecules, that were successful in experimental stroke failed in clinical trials. Therefore, new immunoregulatory therapeutic strategies for acute ischemic stroke are desperately warranted. Herein, we highlight the role of circulating and cerebral immune cells in BBB disruption and the crosstalk between them following acute ischemic stroke. Using a robust theoretical background, we discuss potential and effective immunotherapeutic targets to regulate BBB permeability after acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ya-nan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Jain M, Dev R, Doddapattar P, Kon S, Dhanesha N, Chauhan AK. Integrin α9 regulates smooth muscle cell phenotype switching and vascular remodeling. JCI Insight 2021; 6:147134. [PMID: 34027892 PMCID: PMC8262341 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) remains a significant cause of in-stent restenosis. Integrins, which are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors, play a crucial role in SMC biology by binding to the extracellular matrix protein with the actin cytoskeleton within the SMC. Integrin α9 plays an important role in cell motility and autoimmune diseases; however, its role in SMC biology and remodeling remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that stimulated human coronary SMCs upregulate α9 expression. Targeting α9 in stimulated human coronary SMCs, using anti-integrin α9 antibody, suppresses synthetic phenotype and inhibits SMC proliferation and migration. To provide definitive evidence, we generated an SMC-specific α9-deficient mouse strain. Genetic ablation of α9 in SMCs suppressed synthetic phenotype and reduced proliferation and migration in vitro. Mechanistically, suppressed synthetic phenotype and reduced proliferation were associated with decreased focal adhesion kinase/steroid receptor coactivator signaling and downstream targets, including phosphorylated ERK, p38 MAPK, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, and nuclear β-catenin, with reduced transcriptional activation of β-catenin target genes. Following vascular injury, SMC-specific α9-deficient mice or wild-type mice treated with murine anti-integrin α9 antibody exhibited reduced injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia at day 28 by limiting SMC migration and proliferation. Our findings suggest that integrin α9 regulates SMC biology, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Jain
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rishabh Dev
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Prakash Doddapattar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Shigeyuki Kon
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Zhang Q, Ye F, Guo S, Xiao W, Zhang J, Qu Y, Zhang J. Knockdown of lncRNA RMST protect against myocardial infarction through regulating miR-5692 and MAGI3 axis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:3906-3916. [PMID: 34017581 PMCID: PMC8129307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of lncRNA RMST in myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS H/R and H2O2 models were established to assess the function of lncRNA RMST in vitro. Mouse myocardial infarction was used to analyze the function of lncRNA RMST in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the potential binding target of lncRNA RMST. Rescue experiments were performed to verify the relationship between RMST and its target. RESULTS The expression of lncRNA RMST was significantly increased with H/R or H2O2 treatment. Knockdown of lncRNA RMST improved cell death and protected mitochondria from H/R injury in vitro. In vivo, cardiac function was significantly attenuated by knockdown of lncRNA RMST. We also provided evidence that miR-5692 was a direct target of lncRNA RMST. Rescue experiments showed that knockdown of miR-5692 could restore the function of RMST. CONCLUSION Our study is the first to prove the function and mechanism of lncRNA RMST in myocardial infarction. Thus, a deeper understanding of the role of lncRNA RMST in myocardial infarction may provide new insights for the clinical intervention of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Zhang
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Famin Ye
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suping Guo
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wentao Xiao
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongsheng Qu
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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21
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Sun G, Chen J, Ding Y, Wren JD, Xu F, Lu L, Wang Y, Wang DW, Zhang XA. A Bioinformatics Perspective on the Links Between Tetraspanin-Enriched Microdomains and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:630471. [PMID: 33860000 PMCID: PMC8042132 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.630471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tetraspanins and integrins are integral membrane proteins. Tetraspanins interact with integrins to modulate the dynamics of adhesion, migration, proliferation, and signaling in the form of membrane domains called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs). TEMs also contain other cell adhesion proteins like immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) proteins and claudins. Cardiovascular functions of these TEM proteins have emerged and remain to be further revealed. Objectives: The aims of this study are to explore the roles of these TEM proteins in the cardiovascular system using bioinformatics tools and databases and to highlight the TEM proteins that may functionally associate with cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Methods: For human samples, three databases-GTEx, NCBI-dbGaP, and NCBI-GEO-were used for the analyses. The dbGaP database was used for GWAS analysis to determine the association between target genes and human phenotypes. GEO is an NCBI public repository that archives genomics data. GTEx was used for the analyses of tissue-specific mRNA expression levels and eQTL. For murine samples, GeneNetwork was used to find gene-phenotype correlations and gene-gene correlations of expression levels in mice. The analysis of cardiovascular data was the focus of this study. Results: Some integrins and tetraspanins, such as ITGA8 and Cd151, are highly expressed in the human cardiovascular system. TEM components are associated with multiple cardiovascular pathophysiological events in humans. GWAS and GEO analyses showed that human Cd82 and ITGA9 are associated with blood pressure. Data from mice also suggest that various cardiovascular phenotypes are correlated with integrins and tetraspanins. For instance, Cd82 and ITGA9, again, have correlations with blood pressure in mice. Conclusion: ITGA9 is related to blood pressure in both species. KEGG analysis also linked ITGA9 to metabolism and MAPK signaling pathway. This work provides an example of using integrated bioinformatics approaches across different species to identify the connections of structurally and/or functionally related molecules to certain categories of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Junxiong Chen
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Yingjun Ding
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Fuyi Xu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lu Lu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao-wen Wang
- Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin A. Zhang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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22
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Xu S, Zhang T, Cao Z, Zhong W, Zhang C, Li H, Song J. Integrin-α9β1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Refractory Diseases: Recent Progress and Insights. Front Immunol 2021; 12:638400. [PMID: 33790909 PMCID: PMC8005531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.638400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins refer to heterodimers consisting of subunits α and β. They serve as receptors on cell membranes and interact with extracellular ligands to mediate intracellular molecular signals. One of the least-studied members of the integrin family is integrin-α9β1, which is widely distributed in various human tissues and organs. Integrin-α9β1 regulates the physiological state of cells through a variety of complex signaling pathways to participate in the specific pathological processes of some intractable diseases. In recent years, an increasing amount of research has focused on the role of α9β1 in the molecular mechanisms of different refractory diseases and its promising potential as a therapeutic target. Accordingly, this review introduces and summarizes recent research related to integrin-α9β1, describes the synergistic functions of α9β1 and its corresponding ligands in cancer, autoimmune diseases, nerve injury and thrombosis and, more importantly, highlights the potential of α9β1 as a distinctive target for the treatment of these intractable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Zhong
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuangwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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23
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Dhanesha N, Jain M, Doddapattar P, Undas A, Chauhan AK. Cellular fibronectin promotes deep vein thrombosis in diet-induced obese mice. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:814-821. [PMID: 33300307 PMCID: PMC8527852 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are significant risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Cellular fibronectin containing extra domain A (Fn-EDA), an endogenous ligand for toll-like-receptor 4 (TLR4), contributes to thrombo-inflammation. The role of Fn-EDA in the modulation of DVT is not elucidated yet. OBJECTIVE To determine whether Fn-EDA promotes DVT in the context of diet-induced obesity. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Fn-EDA-deficient mice were either fed control or high-fat (HF) diet for 12 weeks. DVT was induced by inferior vena cava (IVC) stenosis and evaluated after 48 hours. Cellular Fn-EDA levels in the plasma of venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients were measured by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS We found that cellular Fn-EDA levels were significantly elevated in VTE patients' plasma and positively correlated with body mass index. HF diet-fed WT mice exhibited increased DVT susceptibility compared with control diet-fed WT mice. In contrast, HF diet-fed Fn-EDA-deficient mice exhibited significantly reduced thrombus weight and decreased incidence (%) of DVT compared with HF diet-fed WT mice concomitant with reduced neutrophil content and citrullinated histone H3-positive cells (a marker of NETosis) in IVC thrombus. Exogenous cellular Fn-EDA potentiated NETosis in neutrophils stimulated with thrombin-activated platelets via TLR4. Genetic deletion of TLR4 in Fn-EDA+ mice (constitutively express Fn-EDA in plasma and tissues), but not in Fn-EDA-deficient mice, reduced DVT compared with respective controls. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a previously unknown role of Fn-EDA in the DVT exacerbation, which may be an essential mechanism promoting DVT in the setting of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Manish Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Prakash Doddapattar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anetta Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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24
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Peng Q, Hou J, Wang S, Zhou F, E Y, Wang W, Huang T, Wang M, Huang S, Zhou J, Chen N, Zhang Y. Hypersensitive C-reactive protein-albumin ratio predicts symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:47. [PMID: 33522912 PMCID: PMC7849085 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 10% of patients would develop symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) after endovascular therapy. The aim of our study was to explore the ability of hypersensitive C-reactive protein-albumin ratio (HAR) in predicting sICH after endovascular therapy. Methods From April 2016 to December 2018, 334 consecutive patients with anterior circulation infarction undergoing endovascular therapy were enrolled in our study. sICH was defined using Heidelberg bleeding classification after endovascular therapy. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the potential risk factors of sICH after endovascular therapy. We used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and nomogram analysis to assess the overall discriminative ability of the HAR in predicting sICH after endovascular therapy. Results Among these 334 patients enrolled, 37 (11.1%) patients with anterior circulation infarction were identified with sICH after endovascular therapy. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with higher levels of HAR may be inclined to develop sICH (odds ratio, 10.994; 95% confidence interval, 4.567–26.463; P = 0.001). This association remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders. Also, a cutoff value of 0.526× 10− 3 for HAR was detected in predicting sICH (area under curve, 0.763). Furthermore, nomogram analysis also suggested that HAR was an indicator of sICH (c-index was 0.890, P< 0.001). Conclusions This study showed that high levels of HAR could predict sICH after endovascular therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02066-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Jiankang Hou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Yan E
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China
| | - Junshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China.
| | - Nihong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China. .,Department of Neurology, Nanjing Yuhua Hospital, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yingdong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, P.R. China.
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25
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Filling the gaps on stroke research: Focus on inflammation and immunity. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:649-667. [PMID: 33017613 PMCID: PMC7531595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For the last two decades, researchers have placed hopes in a new era in which a combination of reperfusion and neuroprotection would revolutionize the treatment of stroke. Nevertheless, despite the thousands of papers available in the literature showing positive results in preclinical stroke models, randomized clinical trials have failed to show efficacy. It seems clear now that the existing data obtained in preclinical research have depicted an incomplete picture of stroke pathophysiology. In order to ameliorate bench-to-bed translation, in this review we first describe the main actors on stroke inflammatory and immune responses based on the available preclinical data, highlighting the fact that the link between leukocyte infiltration, lesion volume and neurological outcome remains unclear. We then describe what is known on neuroinflammation and immune responses in stroke patients, and summarize the results of the clinical trials on immunomodulatory drugs. In order to understand the gap between clinical trials and preclinical results on stroke, we discuss in detail the experimental results that served as the basis for the summarized clinical trials on immunomodulatory drugs, focusing on (i) experimental stroke models, (ii) the timing and selection of outcome measuring, (iii) alternative entry routes for leukocytes into the ischemic region, and (iv) factors affecting stroke outcome such as gender differences, ageing, comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes, obesity, tobacco, alcohol consumption and previous infections like Covid-19. We can do better for stroke treatment, especially when targeting inflammation following stroke. We need to re-think the design of stroke experimental setups, notably by (i) using clinically relevant models of stroke, (ii) including both radiological and neurological outcomes, (iii) performing long-term follow-up studies, (iv) conducting large-scale preclinical stroke trials, and (v) including stroke comorbidities in preclinical research.
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26
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Winkler MJ, Müller P, Sharifi AM, Wobst J, Winter H, Mokry M, Ma L, van der Laan SW, Pang S, Miritsch B, Hinterdobler J, Werner J, Stiller B, Güldener U, Webb TR, Asselbergs FW, Björkegren JLM, Maegdefessel L, Schunkert H, Sager HB, Kessler T. Functional investigation of the coronary artery disease gene SVEP1. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:67. [PMID: 33185739 PMCID: PMC7666586 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A missense variant of the sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain containing protein 1 (SVEP1) is genome-wide significantly associated with coronary artery disease. The mechanisms how SVEP1 impacts atherosclerosis are not known. We found endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells to represent the major cellular source of SVEP1 in plaques. Plaques were larger in atherosclerosis-prone Svep1 haploinsufficient (ApoE-/-Svep1+/-) compared to Svep1 wild-type mice (ApoE-/-Svep1+/+) and ApoE-/-Svep1+/- mice displayed elevated plaque neutrophil, Ly6Chigh monocyte, and macrophage numbers. We assessed how leukocytes accumulated more inside plaques in ApoE-/-Svep1+/- mice and found enhanced leukocyte recruitment from blood into plaques. In vitro, we examined how SVEP1 deficiency promotes leukocyte recruitment and found elevated expression of the leukocyte attractant chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in EC after incubation with missense compared to wild-type SVEP1. Increasing wild-type SVEP1 levels silenced endothelial CXCL1 release. In line, plasma Cxcl1 levels were elevated in ApoE-/-Svep1+/- mice. Our studies reveal an atheroprotective role of SVEP1. Deficiency of wild-type Svep1 increased endothelial CXCL1 expression leading to enhanced recruitment of proinflammatory leukocytes from blood to plaque. Consequently, elevated vascular inflammation resulted in enhanced plaque progression in Svep1 deficiency.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Ly/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/deficiency
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/deficiency
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL1/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL1/metabolism
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Haploinsufficiency
- Humans
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neutrophil Infiltration
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Winkler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Müller
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Amin M Sharifi
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Wobst
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanna Winter
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Vascular Biology and Experimental Vascular Medicine Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michal Mokry
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shichao Pang
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Miritsch
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hinterdobler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Werner
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Stiller
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Güldener
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tom R Webb
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, and Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Vascular Biology and Experimental Vascular Medicine Unit, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B Sager
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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27
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Amruta N, Rahman AA, Pinteaux E, Bix G. Neuroinflammation and fibrosis in stroke: The good, the bad and the ugly. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 346:577318. [PMID: 32682140 PMCID: PMC7794086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death and the main cause of disability in surviving patients. The detrimental interaction between immune cells, glial cells, and matrix components in stroke pathology results in persistent inflammation that progresses to fibrosis. A substantial effort is being directed toward understanding the exact neuroinflammatory events that take place as a result of stroke. The initiation of a potent cytokine response, along with immune cell activation and infiltration in the ischemic core, has massive acute deleterious effects, generally exacerbated by comorbid inflammatory conditions. There is secondary neuroinflammation that promotes further injury, resulting in cell death, but conversely plays a beneficial role, by promoting recovery. This highlights the need for a better understanding of the neuroinflammatory and fibrotic processes, as well as the need to identify new mechanisms and potential modulators. In this review, we summarize several aspects of stroke-induced inflammation, fibrosis, and include a discussion of cytokine inhibitors/inducers, immune cells, and fibro-inflammation signaling inhibitors in order to identify new pharmacological means of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanappa Amruta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Abir A Rahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Emmanuel Pinteaux
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, A.V. Hill Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Gregory Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, A.V. Hill Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
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