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Magne B, Ferland K, Savard É, Barbier MA, Morissette A, Larouche D, Beaudoin-Cloutier C, Germain L. The Human Neonatal Skin Fibroblast, an Available Cell Source for Tissue Production and Transplantation, Exhibits Low Risk of Immunogenicity In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6965. [PMID: 39000078 PMCID: PMC11241615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of allogeneic skin fibroblasts in transplantation has been controversial. Whether this controversy comes from a natural heterogeneity among fibroblast subsets or species-specific differences between human and mouse remains to be addressed. In this study, we sought to investigate whether fibroblasts derived from either adult or neonatal human skin tissues could induce different immune responses toward phagocytosis and T cell activation using in vitro co-culture models. Our results indicate that both phagocytosis and T cell proliferation are reduced in the presence of neonatal skin fibroblasts compared to adult skin fibroblasts. We also show that neonatal skin fibroblasts secrete paracrine factors that are responsible for reduced T cell proliferation. In addition, we show that neonatal skin fibroblasts express less class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules than adult skin fibroblasts after interferon gamma priming, which might also contribute to reduced T cell proliferation. In conclusion, this study supports the use of allogeneic neonatal skin fibroblasts as a readily available cell source for tissue production and transplantation to treat patients with severe injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Magne
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
| | - Karel Ferland
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
| | - Étienne Savard
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
| | - Martin A. Barbier
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
| | - Amélie Morissette
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
| | - Chanel Beaudoin-Cloutier
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
- Burn Care Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Hospital, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC G1J 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada
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2
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Chen QD, Liu L, Zhao XH, Liang JB, Li SW. Challenges and opportunities in the islet transplantation microenvironment: a comprehensive summary of inflammatory cytokine, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1293762. [PMID: 38111575 PMCID: PMC10725940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now understood that islet transplantation serves as a β-cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. Many factors impact the survival of transplanted islets, especially those related to the microenvironment. This review explored microenvironmental components, including vascular endothelial cells, inflammatory cytokines, and immune cells, and their profound effects on post-islet transplantation survival rates. Furthermore, it revealed therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting these elements. Current evidence suggests that vascular endothelial cells are pivotal in facilitating vascularization and nutrient supply and establishing a new microcirculation network for transplanted islets. Consequently, preserving the functionality of vascular endothelial cells emerges as a crucial strategy to enhance the survival of islet transplantation. Release of cytokines will lead to activation of immune cells and production and release of further cytokines. While immune cells hold undeniable significance in regulating immune responses, their activation can result in rejection reactions. Thus, establishing immunological tolerance within the recipient's body is essential for sustaining graft functionality. Indeed, future research endeavors should be directed toward developing precise strategies for modulating the microenvironment to achieve higher survival rates and more sustained transplantation outcomes. While acknowledging certain limitations inherent to this review, it provides valuable insights that can guide further exploration in the field of islet transplantation. In conclusion, the microenvironment plays a paramount role in islet transplantation. Importantly, we discuss novel perspectives that could lead to broader clinical applications and improved patient outcomes in islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-dong Chen
- Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-hong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University , Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-bo Liang
- Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shao-wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Ji S, Liu H, Pachella L, Stephenson RD, Groisberg R, Weiss SA. Use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid organ transplant recipients with advanced cutaneous malignancies. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1284740. [PMID: 38993910 PMCID: PMC11235332 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1284740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are standard of care therapy for patients with cutaneous malignancies, the most frequently diagnosed cancers in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The activity and rate of allograft rejection in SOT recipients with advanced skin cancers treated with ICI is understudied. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of SOT recipients with advanced melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) who were treated with ICI. Unpublished cases from our institution and published cases from the literature were aggregated. Demographics, type of immunosuppressive therapy, type of ICI(s) administered, prior systemic therapies, tumor response to ICI, and evidence of organ rejection and/or failure were recorded. Objective response rates (ORR) and rates of graft rejection and failure are reported. Results Ninety patients were identified; four patients from our institution and 86 unique patients from a literature review. ORR to first-line ICI for the entire cohort was 41.1% (37/90). ORR by tumor type was 31% (18/58), 64.3% (18/28), and 25.0% (1/4) for melanoma, cSCC, and MCC, respectively. The rate of graft rejection was 37.8% (34/90) with 61.8% (21/34) of these cases progressing to graft failure. Number of immunosuppressive agents (0, 1, 2, or 3) was inversely associated with rate of graft failure. Conclusions In this retrospective analysis, ICIs demonstrate clinical activity in SOT recipients with cutaneous malignancies; however, the rate of graft rejection is high. Treatment plans should be individualized through thorough interdisciplinary discussion. Immunosuppressive modifications may be considered prior to starting treatment, but when feasible, enrollment on clinical trials is preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ji
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Laura Pachella
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Ryan D Stephenson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Roman Groisberg
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sarah A Weiss
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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4
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Del Bello A, Treiner E. Immune Checkpoints in Solid Organ Transplantation. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1358. [PMID: 37887068 PMCID: PMC10604300 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Allogenic graft acceptance is only achieved by life-long immunosuppression, which comes at the cost of significant toxicity. Clinicians face the challenge of adapting the patients' treatments over long periods to lower the risks associated with these toxicities, permanently leveraging the risk of excessive versus insufficient immunosuppression. A major goal and challenge in the field of solid organ transplantation (SOT) is to attain a state of stable immune tolerance specifically towards the grafted organ. The immune system is equipped with a set of inhibitory co-receptors known as immune checkpoints (ICs), which physiologically regulate numerous effector functions. Insufficient regulation through these ICs can lead to autoimmunity and/or immune-mediated toxicity, while excessive expression of ICs induces stable hypo-responsiveness, especially in T cells, a state sometimes referred to as exhaustion. IC blockade has emerged in the last decade as a powerful therapeutic tool against cancer. The opposite action, i.e., subverting IC for the benefit of establishing a state of specific hypo-responsiveness against auto- or allo-antigens, is still in its infancy. In this review, we will summarize the available literature on the role of ICs in SOT and the relevance of ICs with graft acceptance. We will also discuss the possible influence of current immunosuppressive medications on IC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Del Bello
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Research Institute (I2MC), Inserm UMR1297, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Treiner
- Faculty of Medicine, University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291, 31024 Toulouse, France
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5
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Medina JD, Barber GF, Coronel MM, Hunckler MD, Linderman SW, Quizon MJ, Ulker V, Yolcu ES, Shirwan H, García AJ. A hydrogel platform for co-delivery of immunomodulatory proteins for pancreatic islet allografts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1728-1737. [PMID: 35841329 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), an autoimmune disorder in which the insulin-producing β-cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are destroyed, afflicts over 1.6 million Americans. Although pancreatic islet transplantation has shown promise in treating T1D, continuous use of required immunosuppression regimens limits clinical islet transplantation as it poses significant adverse effects on graft recipients and does not achieve consistent long-term graft survival with 50%-70% of recipients maintaining insulin independence at 5 years. T cells play a key role in graft rejection, and rebalancing pathogenic T effector and protective T regulatory cells can regulate autoimmune disorders and transplant rejection. The synergy of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Fas immunomodulatory pathways presents an avenue for eliminating the need for systemic immune suppression by exploiting IL-2's role in expanding regulatory T cells and leveraging Fas ligand (FasL) activity on antigen-induced cell death of effector T cells. Herein, we developed a hydrogel platform for co-delivering an analog of IL-2, IL-2D, and FasL-presenting microgels to achieve localized immunotolerance to pancreatic islets by targeting the upregulation of regulatory T cells and effector T cells simultaneously. Although this hydrogel provided for sustained, local delivery of active immunomodulatory proteins, indefinite allograft survival was not achieved. Immune profiling analysis revealed upregulation of target regulatory T cells but also increases in Granzyme B-expressing CD8+ T cells at the graft site. We attribute the failed establishment of allograft survival to these Granzyme B-expressing T cells. This study underscores the delicate balance of immunomodulatory components important for allograft survival - whose outcome can be dependent on timing, duration, modality of delivery, and disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Medina
- Biomedical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Graham F Barber
- Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maria M Coronel
- Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael D Hunckler
- Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stephen W Linderman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michelle J Quizon
- Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vahap Ulker
- Department of Child Health and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Esma S Yolcu
- Department of Child Health and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Child Health and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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6
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Gao Z, Feng Y, Xu J, Liang J. T-cell exhaustion in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: New implications for immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:977394. [PMID: 36211414 PMCID: PMC9538155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.977394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases(IMIDs) are referred to as highly disabling chronic diseases affecting different organs and systems. Inappropriate or excessive immune responses with chronic inflammation are typical manifestations. Usually in patients with chronic infection and cancer, due to long-term exposure to persistent antigens and inflammation microenvironment, T-cells are continuously stimulated and gradually differentiate into an exhausted state. Exhausted T-cells gradually lose effector function and characteristics of memory T-cells. However, existing studies have found that exhausted T-cells are not only present in the infection and tumor environment, but also in autoimmunity, and are associated with better prognosis of IMIDs. This suggests new prospects for the application of this reversible process of T-cell exhaustion in the treatment of IMID. This review will focus on the research progress of T-cell exhaustion in several IMIDs and its potential application for diagnosis and treatment in IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyan Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Liang, ; Jinhua Xu,
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Liang, ; Jinhua Xu,
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7
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Muckenhuber M, Wekerle T, Schwarz C. Costimulation blockade and Tregs in solid organ transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:969633. [PMID: 36119115 PMCID: PMC9478950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.969633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining self-tolerance and in containing allo-immune responses in the context of transplantation. Recent advances yielded the approval of the first pharmaceutical costimulation blockers (abatacept and belatacept), with more of them in the pipeline. These costimulation blockers inhibit effector cells with high clinical efficacy to control disease activity, but might inadvertently also affect Tregs. Treg homeostasis is controlled by a complex network of costimulatory and coinhibitory signals, including CD28, the main target of abatacept/belatacept, and CTLA4, PD-1 and ICOS. This review shall give an overview on what effects the therapeutic manipulation of costimulation has on Treg function in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Muckenhuber
- Division of Transplantation, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wekerle
- Division of Transplantation, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Thomas Wekerle, ; Christoph Schwarz,
| | - Christoph Schwarz
- Division of Visceral Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Thomas Wekerle, ; Christoph Schwarz,
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8
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Kazmi S, Khan MA, Shamma T, Altuhami A, Assiri AM, Broering DC. Therapeutic nexus of T cell immunometabolism in improving transplantation immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Murakami N, Webber AB, Nair V. Transplant Onconephrology in Patients With Kidney Transplants. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2022; 29:188-200.e1. [PMID: 35817526 PMCID: PMC9326185 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death in patients with kidney transplantation. Patients with kidney transplants are 10- to 200-times more likely to develop cancers after transplant than the general population, depending on the cancer type. Recent advances in cancer therapies have dramatically improved survival outcomes; however, patients with kidney transplants face unique challenges of immunosuppression management, cancer screening, and recurrence of cancer after transplant. Patients with a history of cancer tend to be excluded from transplant candidacy or are required to have long cancer-free wait time before wait-listing. The strategy of pretransplant wait time management may need to be revisited as cancer therapies improve, which is most applicable to patients with a history of multiple myeloma. In this review, we discuss several important topics in transplant onconephrology: the current recommendations for pretransplant wait times for transplant candidates with cancer histories, cancer screening post-transplant, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, strategies for transplant patients with a history of multiple myeloma, and novel therapies for patients with post-transplant malignancies. With emerging novel cancer treatments, it is critical to have multidisciplinary discussions involving patients, caregivers, transplant nephrologists, and oncologists to achieve patient-oriented goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoka Murakami
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Allison B. Webber
- Divisino of Nephrology, Kidney Transplant Service, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Vinay Nair
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
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10
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Matsushima H, Morita-Nakagawa M, Datta S, Pavicic PG, Hamilton TA, Abu-Elmagd K, Fujiki M, Osman M, D'Amico G, Eguchi S, Hashimoto K. Blockade or deficiency of PD-L1 expression in intestinal allograft accelerates graft tissue injury in mice. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:955-965. [PMID: 34679256 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The importance of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction to alloimmune response is unknown in intestinal transplantation. We tested whether PD-L1 regulates allograft tissue injury in murine intestinal transplantation. PD-L1 expression was observed on the endothelium and immune cells in the intestinal allograft. Monoclonal antibody treatment against PD-L1 led to accelerated allograft tissue damage, characterized by severe cellular infiltrations, massive destruction of villi, and increased crypt apoptosis in the graft. Interestingly, PD-L1-/- allografts were more severely rejected than wild-type allografts, but the presence or absence of PD-L1 in recipients did not affect the degree of allograft injury. PD-L1-/- allografts showed increased infiltrating Ly6G+ and CD11b+ cells in lamina propria on day 4, whereas the degree of CD4+ or CD8+ T cell infiltration was comparable to wild-type allografts. Gene expression analysis revealed that PD-L1-/- allografts had increased mRNA expressions of Cxcr2, S100a8/9, Nox1, IL1rL1, IL1r2, and Nos2 in the lamina propria cells on day 4. Taken together, study results suggest that PD-L1 expression in the intestinal allograft, but not in the recipient, plays a critical role in mitigating allograft tissue damage in the early phase after transplantation. The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction may contribute to immune regulation of the intestinal allograft via the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Matsushima
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miwa Morita-Nakagawa
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Oral Medicine Research Centre, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shyamasree Datta
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas A Hamilton
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kareem Abu-Elmagd
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Masato Fujiki
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mohammed Osman
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Giuseppe D'Amico
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Susumu Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Hashimoto
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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11
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Usuelli V, Ben Nasr M, D'Addio F, Liu K, Vergani A, El Essawy B, Yang J, Assi E, Uehara M, Rossi C, Solini A, Capobianco A, Rigamonti E, Potena L, Venturini M, Sabatino M, Bottarelli L, Ammirati E, Frigerio M, Castillo‐Leon E, Maestroni A, Azzoni C, Loretelli C, Joe Seelam A, Tai AK, Pastore I, Becchi G, Corradi D, Visner GA, Zuccotti GV, Chau NB, Abdi R, Pezzolesi MG, Fiorina P. miR-21 antagonism reprograms macrophage metabolism and abrogates chronic allograft vasculopathy. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:3280-3295. [PMID: 33764625 PMCID: PMC8518036 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite much progress in improving graft outcome during cardiac transplantation, chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV) remains an impediment to long-term graft survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerged as regulators of the immune response. Here, we aimed to examine the miRNA network involved in CAV. miRNA profiling of heart samples obtained from a murine model of CAV and from cardiac-transplanted patients with CAV demonstrated that miR-21 was most significantly expressed and was primarily localized to macrophages. Interestingly, macrophage depletion with clodronate did not significantly prolong allograft survival in mice, while conditional deletion of miR-21 in macrophages or the use of a specific miR-21 antagomir resulted in indefinite cardiac allograft survival and abrogated CAV. The immunophenotype, secretome, ability to phagocytose, migration, and antigen presentation of macrophages were unaffected by miR-21 targeting, while macrophage metabolism was reprogrammed, with a shift toward oxidative phosphorylation in naïve macrophages and with an inhibition of glycolysis in pro-inflammatory macrophages. The aforementioned effects resulted in an increase in M2-like macrophages, which could be reverted by the addition of L-arginine. RNA-seq analysis confirmed alterations in arginase-associated pathways associated with miR-21 antagonism. In conclusion, miR-21 is overexpressed in murine and human CAV, and its targeting delays CAV onset by reprogramming macrophages metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Usuelli
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly,Nephrology DivisionBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Francesca D'Addio
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Kaifeng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Respiratory DiseasesBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Andrea Vergani
- Nephrology DivisionBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Basset El Essawy
- Department of MedicineAl‐Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt,Renal DivisionTransplantation Research CenterBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute of Organ TransplantationTongji Hospital and Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Emma Assi
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Mayuko Uehara
- Renal DivisionTransplantation Research CenterBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Anna Solini
- Department of SurgicalMedical, Molecular and Critical Area PathologyUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Annalisa Capobianco
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious DiseaseSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Elena Rigamonti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious DiseaseSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Luciano Potena
- Heart Failure and Heart Transplant ProgramS. Orsola‐Malpighi HospitalAlma‐Mater University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | | | - Mario Sabatino
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryS. Orsola‐Malpighi HospitalAlma Mater‐University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | | | - Enrico Ammirati
- De Gasperis Cardio Center and Transplant CenterNiguarda HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Maria Frigerio
- De Gasperis Cardio Center and Transplant CenterNiguarda HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Eduardo Castillo‐Leon
- Nephrology DivisionBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Anna Maestroni
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Cinzia Azzoni
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Cristian Loretelli
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Andy Joe Seelam
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Albert K. Tai
- Tufts University Core Facility (TUCF) Genomics CoreTufts University School of MedicineBostonMassachusetts
| | - Ida Pastore
- Division of EndocrinologyASST Fatebenefratelli‐SaccoMilanItaly
| | | | | | - Gary A. Visner
- Division of Pulmonary and Respiratory DiseasesBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Gian V. Zuccotti
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly,Department of PediatricsBuzzi Children's HospitalMilanItaly
| | | | - Reza Abdi
- Renal DivisionTransplantation Research CenterBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Marcus G. Pezzolesi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Metabolism CenterUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- International Center for T1DPediatric Clinical Research Center “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. SaccoUniversita Degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly,Nephrology DivisionBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts,Division of EndocrinologyASST Fatebenefratelli‐SaccoMilanItaly
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12
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Khairil Anwar NA, Mohd Nazri MN, Murtadha AH, Mohd Adzemi ER, Balakrishnan V, Mustaffa KMF, Tengku Din TADAA, Yahya MM, Haron J, Mokshtar NF. Prognostic prospect of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 in cancer management. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:961-978. [PMID: 34180502 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive tissue biopsy is commonly unavoidable in the management of most suspected tumor cases to conclusively verify the presence of cancerous cells through histological assessment. The extracted tissue is also immunostained for detection of antigens (tissue tumor markers) of potential prognostic or therapeutic importance to assist in treatment decision. Although liquid biopsies can be a powerful tool for monitoring treatment response, they are still excluded from standard cancer diagnostics, and their utility is still being debated in the scientific community. With a myriad of soluble tissue tumor markers now being discovered, liquid biopsies could completely change the current paradigms of cancer management. Recently, soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (sPD-L1), which is found in the peripheral blood, i.e. serum and plasma, has shown potential as a pre-therapeutic predictive marker as well as a prognostic biomarker to monitor treatment efficacy. Thus, this review focuses on the emergence of sPD-L1 and promising technologies for its detection in order to support liquid biopsies for future cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Khairil Anwar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Najmi Mohd Nazri
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hafiz Murtadha
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Elis Rosliza Mohd Adzemi
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Mohd Fadzli Mustaffa
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | | | - Maya Mazuwin Yahya
- Breast Cancer Awareness & Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Juhara Haron
- Breast Cancer Awareness & Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Noor Fatmawati Mokshtar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
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13
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Cardiac MicroRNA Expression Profile After Experimental Brain Death Is Associated With Myocardial Dysfunction and Can Be Modulated by Hypertonic Saline. Transplantation 2021; 106:289-298. [PMID: 33859149 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain death (BD) is associated with systemic inflammatory compromise, which might affect the quality of the transplanted organs. This study investigated the expression profile of cardiac microRNAs (miRNAs) after BD, and their relationship with the observed decline in myocardial function and with the changes induced by hypertonic saline solution (HSS) treatment. METHODS Wistar rats were assigned to sham-operation (SHAM) or submitted to BD with and without the administration of HSS. Cardiac function was assessed for 6h with left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume analysis. We screened 641 rodent miRNAs to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the heart and computational and functional analysis were performed to compare the DEMs and find their putative targets and their related enriched canonical pathways. RESULTS An enhanced expression in canonical pathways related to inflammation and myocardial apoptosis was observed in BD induced group, with two miRNAs, miR-30a-3p and miR-467f, correlating with the level of LV dysfunction observed after BD. Conversely, HSS treated after BD and SHAM groups showed similar enriched pathways related to the maintenance of heart homeostasis regulation, in agreement with the observation that both groups did not have significant changes in LV function. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for assessing damage in BD donor hearts and to monitor the changes induced by therapeutic measures like HSS, opening a perspective to improve graft quality and to better understand the pathophysiology of BD. The possible relation of BD induced miRNA's on early and late cardiac allograft function must be investigated.Supplemental Visual Abstract; http://links.lww.com/TP/C210.
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14
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Murakami N, Mulvaney P, Danesh M, Abudayyeh A, Diab A, Abdel-Wahab N, Abdelrahim M, Khairallah P, Shirazian S, Kukla A, Owoyemi IO, Alhamad T, Husami S, Menon M, Santeusanio A, Blosser CD, Zuniga SC, Soler MJ, Moreso F, Mithani Z, Ortiz-Melo D, Jaimes EA, Gutgarts V, Lum E, Danovitch GM, Cardarelli F, Drews RE, Bassil C, Swank JL, Westphal S, Mannon RB, Shirai K, Kitchlu A, Ong S, Machado SM, Mothi SS, Ott PA, Rahma O, Hodi FS, Sise ME, Gupta S, Leaf DE, Devoe CE, Wanchoo R, Nair VV, Schmults CD, Hanna GJ, Sprangers B, Riella LV, Jhaveri KD. A multi-center study on safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients with kidney transplant. Kidney Int 2020; 100:196-205. [PMID: 33359528 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used for various malignancies. However, their safety and efficacy in patients with a kidney transplant have not been defined. To delineate this, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study of 69 patients with a kidney transplant receiving ICIs between January 2010 and May 2020. For safety, we assessed the incidence, timing, and risk factors of acute graft rejection. For efficacy, objective response rate and overall survival were assessed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma, the most common cancers in our cohort, and compared with stage-matched 23 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 14 with melanoma with a kidney transplant not receiving ICIs. Following ICI treatment, 29 out of 69 (42%) patients developed acute rejection, 19 of whom lost their allograft, compared with an acute rejection rate of 5.4% in the non-ICI cohort. Median time from ICI initiation to rejection was 24 days. Factors associated with a lower risk of rejection were mTOR inhibitor use (odds ratio 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.72) and triple-agent immunosuppression (0.67, 0.48-0.92). The objective response ratio was 36.4% and 40% in the squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma subgroups, respectively. In the squamous cell carcinoma subgroup, overall survival was significantly longer in patients treated with ICIs (median overall survival 19.8 months vs. 10.6 months), whereas in the melanoma subgroup, overall survival did not differ between groups. Thus, ICIs were associated with a high risk of rejection in patients with kidney transplants but may lead to improved cancer outcomes. Prospective studies are needed to determine optimal immunosuppression strategies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoka Murakami
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Patrick Mulvaney
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melissa Danesh
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ala Abudayyeh
- Section of Nephrology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Adi Diab
- Department of Melanoma Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Noha Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Melanoma Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of General Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maen Abdelrahim
- Institute for Academic Medicine and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pascale Khairallah
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shayan Shirazian
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aleksandra Kukla
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Itunu O Owoyemi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tarek Alhamad
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samir Husami
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Madhav Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Recanati Millar Transplant Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Santeusanio
- Division of Nephrology, Recanati Millar Transplant Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Maria Jose Soler
- Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Moreso
- Nephrology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zain Mithani
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - David Ortiz-Melo
- Division of Nephrology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edgar A Jaimes
- Renal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Victoria Gutgarts
- Renal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erik Lum
- Division of Nephrology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gabriel M Danovitch
- Division of Nephrology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Francesca Cardarelli
- Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reed E Drews
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claude Bassil
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida; Renal Service, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer L Swank
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida; Renal Service, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Scott Westphal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Roslyn B Mannon
- Division of Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Keisuke Shirai
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Abhijat Kitchlu
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Song Ong
- Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Shana M Machado
- Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Suraj S Mothi
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick A Ott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Osama Rahma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Meghan E Sise
- Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shruti Gupta
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David E Leaf
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Craig E Devoe
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, New York, USA
| | - Rimda Wanchoo
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Vinay V Nair
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | | | - Glenn J Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ben Sprangers
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonardo V Riella
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenar D Jhaveri
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA.
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15
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Coronel MM, Martin KE, Hunckler MD, Barber G, O’Neill EB, Medina JD, Opri E, McClain CA, Batra L, Weaver JD, Lim HS, Qiu P, Botchwey EA, Yolcu ES, Shirwan H, García AJ. Immunotherapy via PD-L1-presenting biomaterials leads to long-term islet graft survival. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba5573. [PMID: 32923626 PMCID: PMC7455180 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-mediated immune checkpoint blockade is a transformative immunotherapy for cancer. These same mechanisms can be repurposed for the control of destructive alloreactive immune responses in the transplantation setting. Here, we implement a synthetic biomaterial platform for the local delivery of a chimeric streptavidin/programmed cell death-1 (SA-PD-L1) protein to direct "reprogramming" of local immune responses to transplanted pancreatic islets. Controlled presentation of SA-PD-L1 on the surface of poly(ethylene glycol) microgels improves local retention of the immunomodulatory agent over 3 weeks in vivo. Furthermore, local induction of allograft acceptance is achieved in a murine model of diabetes only when receiving the SA-PD-L1-presenting biomaterial in combination with a brief rapamycin treatment. Immune characterization revealed an increase in T regulatory and anergic cells after SA-PD-L1-microgel delivery, which was distinct from naïve and biomaterial alone microenvironments. Engineering the local microenvironment via biomaterial delivery of checkpoint proteins has the potential to advance cell-based therapies, avoiding the need for systemic chronic immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M. Coronel
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen E. Martin
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael D. Hunckler
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Graham Barber
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric B. O’Neill
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Juan D. Medina
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Enrico Opri
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Claire A. McClain
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lalit Batra
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jessica D. Weaver
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hong S. Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edward A. Botchwey
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Esma S. Yolcu
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Andrés J. García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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16
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Shim YJ, Khedraki R, Dhar J, Fan R, Dvorina N, Valujskikh A, Fairchild RL, Baldwin WM. Early T cell infiltration is modulated by programed cell death-1 protein and its ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) interactions in murine kidney transplants. Kidney Int 2020; 98:897-905. [PMID: 32763116 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic transplants elicit dynamic T cell responses that are modulated by positive and negative co-stimulatory receptors. Understanding mechanisms that intrinsically modulate the immune responses to transplants is vital to develop rational treatment for rejection. Here, we have investigated the impact of programed cell death-1 (PD-1) protein, a negative co-stimulatory receptor, on the rejection of MHC incompatible kidney transplants in mice. T cells were found to rapidly infiltrate the kidneys of A/J mice transplanted to C57BL/6 mice, which peaked at six days and decline by day 14. The T cells primarily encircled tubules with limited infiltration of the tubular epithelium. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a marker of tubular injury, also peaked in the urine at day six and then declined. Notably, flow cytometry demonstrated that most of the T cells expressed PD-1 (over 90% of CD8 and about 75% of CD4 cells) at day six. Administration of blocking antibody to PD-L1, the ligand for PD-1, before day six increased T cell infiltrates and urinary LCN2, causing terminal acute rejection. In contrast, blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interactions after day six caused only a transient increase in urinary LCN2. Depleting CD4 and CD8 T cells virtually eliminated LCN2 in the urine in support of T cells injuring tubules. Thus, our data indicate that PD-1/PD-L1 interactions are not just related to chronic antigenic stimulation of T cells but are critical for the regulation of acute T cell responses to renal transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Shim
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Raneem Khedraki
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jayeeta Dhar
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ran Fan
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nina Dvorina
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Anna Valujskikh
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert L Fairchild
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - William M Baldwin
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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17
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Batra L, Shrestha P, Zhao H, Woodward KB, Togay A, Tan M, Grimany-Nuno O, Malik MT, Coronel MM, García AJ, Shirwan H, Yolcu ES. Localized Immunomodulation with PD-L1 Results in Sustained Survival and Function of Allogeneic Islets without Chronic Immunosuppression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2840-2851. [PMID: 32253240 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic islet transplantation is limited by adverse effects of chronic immunosuppression used to control rejection. The programmed cell death 1 pathway as an important immune checkpoint has the potential to obviate the need for chronic immunosuppression. We generated an oligomeric form of programmed cell death 1 ligand chimeric with core streptavidin (SA-PDL1) that inhibited the T effector cell response to alloantigens and converted T conventional cells into CD4+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. The SA-PDL1 protein was effectively displayed on the surface of biotinylated mouse islets without a negative impact islet viability and insulin secretion. Transplantation of SA-PDL1-engineered islet grafts with a short course of rapamycin regimen resulted in sustained graft survival and function in >90% of allogeneic recipients over a 100-d observation period. Long-term survival was associated with increased levels of intragraft transcripts for innate and adaptive immune regulatory factors, including IDO-1, arginase-1, Foxp3, TGF-β, IL-10, and decreased levels of proinflammatory T-bet, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ as assessed on day 3 posttransplantation. T cells of long-term graft recipients generated a proliferative response to donor Ags at a similar magnitude to T cells of naive animals, suggestive of the localized nature of tolerance. Immunohistochemical analyses showed intense peri-islet infiltration of T regulatory cells in long-term grafts and systemic depletion of this cell population resulted in prompt rejection. The transient display of SA-PDL1 protein on the surface of islets serves as a practical means of localized immunomodulation that accomplishes sustained graft survival in the absence of chronic immunosuppression with potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Batra
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Pradeep Shrestha
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Hong Zhao
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Kyle B Woodward
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Alper Togay
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Min Tan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Orlando Grimany-Nuno
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Mohammad Tariq Malik
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - María M Coronel
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332; and
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Esma S Yolcu
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202; .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202.,Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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18
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Del Bello A, Kamar N, Treiner E. T cell reconstitution after lymphocyte depletion features a different pattern of inhibitory receptor expression in ABO- versus HLA-incompatible kidney transplant recipients. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 200:89-104. [PMID: 31869432 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic antigen stimulation can lead to immune exhaustion (a state of T cell dysfunction). Several phenotypical signatures of T cell exhaustion have been described in various pathological situations, characterized by aberrant expression of multiple inhibitory receptors (IR). This signature has been barely studied in the context of allogenic organ transplantation. We undertook a cross-sectional analysis of the expression of IR [CD244, CD279, T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and CD57] and their correlation with cytokine-producing functions in T cells reconstituting after lymphocyte depletion in patients transplanted from living donors, with preformed donor-specific antibodies. After ABO incompatible transplantation, T cells progressively acquired a phenotype similar to healthy donors and the expression of several IR marked cells with increased functions, with the exception of TIGIT, which was associated with decreased cytokine production. In stark contrast, T cell reconstitution in patients with anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies was characterized with an increased co-expression of IR by T cells, and specifically by an increased expression of TIGIT. Furthermore, expression of these receptors was no longer directly correlated to cytokine production. These results suggest that T cell alloreactivity in HLA-incompatible kidney transplantation drives an aberrant T cell reconstitution with respect to IR profile, which could have an impact on the transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Del Bello
- Nephrology and Organ Transplant Department, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - N Kamar
- Nephrology and Organ Transplant Department, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - E Treiner
- Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, Biology Department, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Yeung MY, Grimmig T, Sayegh MH. Costimulation Blockade in Transplantation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1189:267-312. [PMID: 31758538 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9717-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
T cells play a pivotal role in orchestrating immune responses directed against a foreign (allogeneic) graft. For T cells to become fully activated, the T-cell receptor (TCR) must interact with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plus peptide complex on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), followed by a second "positive" costimulatory signal. In the absence of this second signal, T cells become anergic or undergo deletion. By blocking positive costimulatory signaling, T-cell allo-responses can be aborted, thus preventing graft rejection and promoting long-term allograft survival and possibly tolerance (Alegre ML, Najafian N, Curr Mol Med 6:843-857, 2006; Li XC, Rothstein DM, Sayegh MH, Immunol Rev 229:271-293, 2009). In addition, costimulatory molecules can provide negative "coinhibitory" signals that inhibit T-cell activation and terminate immune responses; strategies to promote these pathways can also lead to graft tolerance (Boenisch O, Sayegh MH, Najafian N, Curr Opin Organ Transplant 13:373-378, 2008). However, T-cell costimulation involves an incredibly complex array of interactions that may act simultaneously or at different times in the immune response and whose relative importance varies depending on the different T-cell subsets and activation status. In transplantation, the presence of foreign alloantigen incites not only destructive T effector cells but also protective regulatory T cells, the balance of which ultimately determines the fate of the allograft (Lechler RI, Garden OA, Turka LA, Nat Rev Immunol 3:147-158, 2003). Since the processes of alloantigen-specific rejection and regulation both require activation of T cells, costimulatory interactions may have opposing or synergistic roles depending on the cell being targeted. Such complexities present both challenges and opportunities in targeting T-cell costimulatory pathways for therapeutic purposes. In this chapter, we summarize our current knowledge of the various costimulatory pathways in transplantation and review the current state and challenges of harnessing these pathways to promote graft tolerance (summarized in Table 10.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Y Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Tanja Grimmig
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed H Sayegh
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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20
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Wang Z, Wang M, Hu X, Li Y, Ma D, Li S, Zhao G, Xie Y, Shu Y, Yang J. Liraglutide, a Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, Attenuates Development of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in a Murine Heart Transplant Model. Transplantation 2019; 103:502-511. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Qureshi MS, Alsughayyir J, Chhabra M, Ali JM, Goddard MJ, Devine CA, Conlon TM, Linterman MA, Motallebzadeh R, Pettigrew GJ. Germinal center humoral autoimmunity independently mediates progression of allograft vasculopathy. J Autoimmun 2019; 98:44-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Chen M, Wang Y, Wang H, Sun L, Fu Y, Yang YG. Elimination of donor CD47 protects against vascularized allograft rejection in mice. Xenotransplantation 2019; 26:e12459. [PMID: 30136356 PMCID: PMC6387643 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CD47 is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a complex role in regulation of cell survival and function. We have previously shown that the interspecies incompatibility of CD47 plays an important role in triggering rejection of cellular xenografts by macrophages. However, the role of CD47 in solid organ transplantation remains undetermined. Here, we explored this question in mouse models of heart allotransplantation. We observed that the lack of CD47 in donor hearts had no deleterious effect on graft survival in syngeneic or single MHC class I-mismatched recipients, in which both wild-type (WT) and CD47 knockout (CD47 KO) mouse hearts survived long term with no sign of rejection. Paradoxically, elimination of donor CD47 was beneficial for graft survival in signal MHC class II- and class I- plus class II-mismatched combinations, in which CD47 KO donor hearts showed significantly improved survival compared to WT donor hearts. Similarly, CD47 KO donor hearts were more resistant than WT hearts to humoral rejection in α1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient mice. Moreover, a significant prolongation of WT allografts was observed in recipient mice treated with antibodies against a CD47 ligand thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) or with TSP1 deficiency, indicating that TSP1-CD47 signaling may stimulate vascularized allograft rejection. Thus, unlike cellular transplantation, donor CD47 expression may accelerate the rejection of vascularized allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Yuantao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Liguang Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaowen Fu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
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Genetic Polymorphism in Cytokines and Costimulatory Molecules in Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplantation. Clin Lab Med 2019; 39:107-123. [PMID: 30709500 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence supporting the genetic variability outside of HLA system that is contributing to the variation in transplant outcomes. Determining novel predictors could help to identify patients at risk and tailor their immunosuppressive regimens. This article discusses the various single nucleotide polymorphisms in costimulatory molecules and cytokines that have been evaluated for their effect on transplantation. An overview of how gene polymorphism studies are conducted and factors to consider in the experimental design to ensure meaningful data can be concluded are discussed.
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Tio M, Rai R, Ezeoke OM, McQuade JL, Zimmer L, Khoo C, Park JJ, Spain L, Turajlic S, Ardolino L, Yip D, Goldinger SM, Cohen JV, Millward M, Atkinson V, Kane AY, Ascierto PA, Garbe C, Gutzmer R, Johnson DB, Rizvi HA, Joshua AM, Hellmann MD, Long GV, Menzies AM. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in patients with solid organ transplant, HIV or hepatitis B/C infection. Eur J Cancer 2018; 104:137-144. [PMID: 30347289 PMCID: PMC10176037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy is now routinely used to treat several cancers. Clinical trials have excluded several populations, including patients with solid organ transplant, HIV infection and hepatitis B/C infection. We examined the safety outcomes of these populations treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment in a multicentre retrospective study. METHODS Patients from 16 centres with advanced cancer and solid organ transplant, HIV infection or hepatitis B/C infection were included. Demographic, tumour, treatment, toxicity and outcome data were recorded. RESULTS Forty-six patients were included for analysis, with a median age of 60 years, and the majority of patients diagnosed with melanoma (72%). Among six patients with solid organ transplants, two graft rejections occurred, with one resulting in death, whereas two patients achieved partial responses. There were four responses in 12 patients with HIV infection. In 14 patients with hepatitis B, there were three responses, and similarly, there were three responses in 14 patients with hepatitis C. There was no unexpected toxicity in any viral infection group or an increase in viral load. CONCLUSION Patients with HIV or hepatitis B/C infections treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy may respond to treatment without increased toxicity. Given the risk of graft rejection in solid organ transplant patients and also the potential for response, the role of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy needs to be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tio
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Rajat Rai
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Lisa Zimmer
- University of Duisburg-Essen Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chloe Khoo
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John J Park
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia; Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lavinia Spain
- Skin and Renal Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Samra Turajlic
- Skin and Renal Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Desmond Yip
- The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Alisa Y Kane
- Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Garvan Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Hira A Rizvi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Anthony M Joshua
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia; St Vincents Hospital, Sydney, Australia; University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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25
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Shahbazi M, Soltanzadeh-Yamchi M, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M. T cell exhaustion implications during transplantation. Immunol Lett 2018; 202:52-58. [PMID: 30130559 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exhaustion of lymphocyte function, particularly T cell exhaustion, due to prolonged exposure to a high load of foreign antigen is commonly seen during chronic viral infection as well as antitumor immune responses. This phenomenon has been associated with a determined molecular mechanism and phenotypic manifestations on the cell surface. In spite of investigation of exhaustion, mostly about CD8 responses toward viral infections, recent studies have reported that chronic exposure to antigen may develop exhaustion in CD4 + T cells, B cells, and NK cells. Little is known with respect to lymphocyte exhaustion during transplantation and its effect on aberrant anti-graft responses. Through a same mechanobiology observed during chronic exposure of foreign viral antigens, alloantigen persistence mediated by allograft could develop a favorable circumstance for exhaustion of T cells responding to allograft. However, to achieve better manipulation approaches of this event to reduce the complications during transplantation, we need to be armed with a bulk of knowledge with regard to quality and quantity of T cell exhaustion occurring in various allografts, the kinetics of exhaustion development, the impression of immunosuppressive agents on the exhaustion, and the influence of exhaustion on graft survival and immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shahbazi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soltanzadeh-Yamchi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mousa Mohammadnia-Afrouzi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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26
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Anti-LFA-1 induces CD8 T-cell dependent allograft tolerance and augments suppressor phenotype CD8 cells. Cell Immunol 2018; 332:101-110. [PMID: 30103941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The induction of tolerance to transplanted organs is a major objective in transplantation immunology research. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) interactions have been identified as a key component of the T-cell activation process that may be interrupted to lead to allograft tolerance. In mice, αLFA-1 mAb is a potent monotherapy that leads to the induction of donor-specific transferable tolerance. By interrogating important adaptive and innate immunity pathways, we demonstrate that the induction of tolerance relies on CD8+T-cells. We further demonstrate that αLFA-1 induced tolerance is associated with CD8+CD28-T-cells with a suppressor phenotype, and that while CD8 cells are present, the effector T-cell response is abrogated. A recent publication has shown that CD8+CD28- cells are not diminished by cyclosporine or rapamycin, therefore CD8+CD28- cells represent a clinically relevant population. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a mechanism for αLFA-1 induced tolerance has been described.
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27
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Tracking Cell-cell Contacts: As Easy as Applying LIPSTIC. Transplantation 2018; 102:1198-1199. [PMID: 30044361 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Teruya S, Okamura T, Komai T, Inoue M, Iwasaki Y, Sumitomo S, Shoda H, Yamamoto K, Fujio K. Egr2-independent, Klf1-mediated induction of PD-L1 in CD4 + T cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7021. [PMID: 29728568 PMCID: PMC5935736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-mediated induction of immune tolerance has been vigorously investigated in autoimmunity and anti-tumor immunity. However, details of the mechanism by which PD-L1 is induced in CD4+ T cells are unknown. Here, we revealed the potential function of Klf1 and Egr2-mediated induction of PD-L1 in CD4+ T cells. We focused on the molecules specifically expressed in CD4+CD25-LAG3+ regulatory T cells (LAG3+ Tregs) highly express of PD-L1 and transcription factor Egr2. Although ectopic expression of Egr2 induced PD-L1, a deficiency of Egr2 did not affect its expression, indicating the involvement of another PD-L1 induction mechanism. Comprehensive gene expression analysis of LAG3+ Tregs and in silico binding predictions revealed that Krüppel-like factor 1 (Klf1) is a candidate inducer of the PD-L1 gene (Cd274). Klf1 is a transcription factor that promotes β-globin synthesis in erythroid progenitors, and its role in immunological homeostasis is unknown. Ectopic expression of Klf1 induced PD-L1 in CD4+ T cells through activation of the PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway, independent of STATs signaling and Egr2 expression. Our findings indicate that Klf1 and Egr2 are modulators of PD-L1-mediated immune suppression in CD4+ T cells and might provide new insights into therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzo Teruya
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okamura
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Max Planck-University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Komai
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mariko Inoue
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yukiko Iwasaki
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shuji Sumitomo
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shoda
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Max Planck-University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keishi Fujio
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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Necroptosis Is Involved in CD4+ T Cell-Mediated Microvascular Endothelial Cell Death and Chronic Cardiac Allograft Rejection. Transplantation 2017; 101:2026-2037. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Schütte-Nütgen K, Boenisch O, Harrach H, Casey A, Guleria I, Najafian N, Sayegh MH, Gerard CJ, Subramaniam M. Divergent Function of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in Donor Tissue versus Recipient Immune System in a Murine Model of Bronchiolitis Obliterans. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:1368-1379. [PMID: 28427861 PMCID: PMC5455059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Costimulatory molecules, such as the programmed death ligand (PD-L1), might exert differential effects on T-cell function, depending on the clinical setting and/or immunological environment. Given the impact of T cells on bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) in lung transplantation, we used an established tracheal transplant model inducing BO-like lesions to investigate the impact of PD-L1 on alloimmune responses and histopathological outcome in BO. In contrast to other transplant models in which PD-L1 generally shows protective functions, we demonstrated that PD-L1 has divergent effects depending on its location in donor versus recipient tissue. Although PD-L1 deficiency in donor tissue worsened histopathological outcome, and increased systemic inflammatory response, recipient PD-L1 deficiency induced opposite effects. Mechanistic studies revealed PD-L1-deficient recipients were hyporesponsive toward alloantigen, despite increased numbers of CD8+ effector T cells. The function of PD-L1 on T cells after unspecific stimulation was dependent on both cell type and strength of stimulation. This novel function of recipient PD-L1 may result from the high degree of T-cell activation within the highly immunogenic milieu of the transplanted tissue. In this model, both decreased T-cell alloimmune responses and the reduction of BO in PD-L1-deficient recipients suggest a potential therapeutic role of selectively blocking PD-L1 in the recipient. Further investigation is warranted to determine the impact of this finding embedded in the complex pathophysiological context of BO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Schütte-Nütgen
- Pulmonary Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Olaf Boenisch
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hakima Harrach
- Pulmonary Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alicia Casey
- Pulmonary Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Indira Guleria
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nader Najafian
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Craig J Gerard
- Pulmonary Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meera Subramaniam
- Pulmonary Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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31
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Kean LS, Turka LA, Blazar BR. Advances in targeting co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory pathways in transplantation settings: the Yin to the Yang of cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Rev 2017; 276:192-212. [PMID: 28258702 PMCID: PMC5338458 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, the power of harnessing T-cell co-signaling pathways has become increasingly understood to have significant clinical importance. In cancer immunotherapy, the field has concentrated on two related modalities: First, targeting cancer antigens through highly activated chimeric antigen T cells (CAR-Ts) and second, re-animating endogenous quiescent T cells through checkpoint blockade. In each of these strategies, the therapeutic goal is to re-ignite T-cell immunity, in order to eradicate tumors. In transplantation, there is also great interest in targeting T-cell co-signaling, but with the opposite goal: in this field, we seek the Yin to cancer immunotherapy's Yang, and focus on manipulating T-cell co-signaling to induce tolerance rather than activation. In this review, we discuss the major T-cell signaling pathways that are being investigated for tolerance induction, detailing preclinical studies and the path to the clinic for many of these molecules. These include blockade of co-stimulation pathways and agonism of coinhibitory pathways, in order to achieve the delicate state of balance that is transplant tolerance: a state which guarantees lifelong transplant acceptance without ongoing immunosuppression, and with preservation of protective immune responses. In the context of the clinical translation of immune tolerance strategies, we discuss the significant challenge that is embodied by the fact that targeted pathway modulators may have opposing effects on tolerance based on their impact on effector vs regulatory T-cell biology. Achieving this delicate balance holds the key to the major challenge of transplantation: lifelong control of alloreactivity while maintaining an otherwise intact immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie S Kean
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laurence A Turka
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Immune Tolerance Network, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics and the Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Young JS, Daniels MD, Miller ML, Wang T, Zhong R, Yin D, Alegre ML, Chong AS. Erosion of Transplantation Tolerance After Infection. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:81-90. [PMID: 27273890 PMCID: PMC5938732 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent clinical studies suggest that operational allograft tolerance can be persistent, but long-term surviving allografts can be rejected in a subset of patients, sometimes after episodes of infection. In this study, we examined the impact of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection on the quality of tolerance in a mouse model of heart allograft transplantation. Lm infection induced full rejection in 40% of tolerant recipients, with the remaining experiencing a rejection crisis or no palpable change in their allografts. In the surviving allografts on day 8 postinfection, graft-infiltrating cell numbers increased and exhibited a loss in the tolerance gene signature. By day 30 postinfection, the tolerance signature was broadly restored, but with a discernible reduction in the expression of a subset of 234 genes that marked tolerance and was down-regulated at day 8 post-Lm infection. We further demonstrated that the tolerant state after Lm infection was functionally eroded, as rejection of the long-term surviving graft was induced with anti-PD-L1 whereas the same treatment had no effect in noninfected tolerant mice. Collectively, these observations demonstrate that tolerance, even if initially robust, exists as a continuum that can be eroded following bystander immune responses that accompany certain infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Young
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Melvin D Daniels
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Michelle L Miller
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Tongmin Wang
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Rong Zhong
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Dengping Yin
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Maria-Luisa Alegre
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
| | - Anita S. Chong
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628
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The intragraft microenvironment as a central determinant of chronic rejection or local immunoregulation/tolerance. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2016; 22:55-63. [PMID: 27898465 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic rejection is associated with persistent mononuclear cell recruitment, endothelial activation and proliferation, local tissue hypoxia and related biology that enhance effector immune responses. In contrast, the tumor microenvironment elicits signals/factors that inhibit effector T cell responses and rather promote immunoregulation locally within the tissue itself. The identification of immunoregulatory check points and/or secreted factors that are deficient within allografts is of great importance in the understanding and prevention of chronic rejection. RECENT FINDINGS The relative deficiency of immunomodulatory molecules (cell surface and secreted) on microvascular endothelial cells within the intragraft microenvironment, is of functional importance in shaping the phenotype of rejection. These regulatory molecules include coinhibitory and/or intracellular regulatory signals/factors that enhance local activation of T regulatory cells. For example, semaphorins may interact with endothelial cells and CD4 T cells to promote local tolerance. Additionally, metabolites and electrolytes within the allograft microenvironment may regulate local effector and regulatory cell responses. SUMMARY Multiple factors within allografts shape the microenvironment either towards local immunoregulation or proinflammation. Promoting the expression of intragraft cell surface or secreted molecules that support immunoregulation will be critical for long-term graft survival and/or alloimmune tolerance.
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Buermann A, Römermann D, Baars W, Hundrieser J, Klempnauer J, Schwinzer R. Inhibition of B-cell activation and antibody production by triggering inhibitory signals via the PD-1/PD-ligand pathway. Xenotransplantation 2016; 23:347-56. [PMID: 27613101 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of donor-reactive antibodies is regarded to be an important barrier limiting long-term outcome of allo- and xenografts. We asked whether enhanced signaling via the co-inhibitory receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1; CD279) can downregulate human B-cell activation. METHODS Proliferation of human purified CD19(+) B cells was induced by in vitro stimulation with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-B). To induce antibody production, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured with the porcine B-cell line L23. Triggering of inhibitory signals via the PD-1 receptor was obtained either using a recombinant agonistic soluble ligand (PD-L1.Ig) or L23 transfectants overexpressing membrane-bound human PD-L1 (CD274; L23-PD-L1 cells). RESULTS Stimulation of purified CD19(+) B cells with CpG-B resulted in upregulation of PD-1 and strong proliferation. Addition of PD-L1.Ig significantly reduced B-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. A great proportion (~1%) of human circulating B cells recognizes the epitope galactose-α1,3-galactose-β1,4-N-acetylglucosamine-R (α-gal). Thus, when B cells-in the presence of T cell help-were cocultured with α-gal-expressing L23 cells, anti-gal and anti-L23 antibodies could readily be detected in the culture supernatant. The level of induced antibodies was significantly reduced when stimulation was performed by L23-PD-L1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing inhibitory signals may be part of future protocols to better control humoral immunity to allo- and xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Buermann
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General- Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dorothee Römermann
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General- Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wiebke Baars
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General- Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim Hundrieser
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General- Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klempnauer
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General- Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schwinzer
- Transplant Laboratory, Department of General- Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Shi XL, Mancham S, Hansen BE, de Knegt RJ, de Jonge J, van der Laan LJW, Rivadeneira F, Metselaar HJ, Kwekkeboom J. Counter-regulation of rejection activity against human liver grafts by donor PD-L1 and recipient PD-1 interaction. J Hepatol 2016; 64:1274-82. [PMID: 26941095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Co-inhibitory receptor-ligand interactions fine-tune immune responses by negatively regulating T cell functions. Our aim is to examine the involvement of co-inhibitory receptor-ligand pair PD-1/PD-L1 in regulating rejection after liver transplantation (LT) in humans. METHODS PD-L1/PD-1 expression in liver allograft was determined by immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry, and the effect of blockade was studied using graft-infiltrating T cells ex vivo. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms within PD-1 and PD-L1 genes were genotyped in 528 LT recipients and 410 donors, and associations with both early (⩽6months) and late (>6months) acute rejection were analyzed using Cox proportional-hazards regression model. The effect of PD-L1 rs4143815 on PD-L1 expression was analyzed using donor hepatic leukocytes. RESULTS PD-L1 was expressed by hepatocytes, cholangiocytes and along the sinusoids in post-transplant liver allografts, and PD-1 was abundantly expressed on allograft-infiltrating T cells. PD-L1 blockade enhanced allogeneic proliferative responses of graft-infiltrating T cells. In the genetic association analysis, donor PD-L1 rs4143815 (CC/CG vs. GG; HR=0.230; p=0.002) and recipient PD-1 rs11568821 (AA/AG vs. GG; HR=3.739; p=0.004) were associated with acute rejection late after LT in multivariate analysis. Recipients carrying the PD-1 rs11568821 A allele who were transplanted with liver grafts of PD-L1 rs4143815 GG homozygous donors showed the highest risk for late acute rejection. PD-L1 rs4143815 is associated with differential PD-L1 expression on donor hepatic dendritic cells upon IFN-γ stimulation. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that interplay between donor PD-L1 and recipient PD-1 counter-regulates rejection activity against liver grafts in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanta Mancham
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bettina E Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J de Knegt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Jonge
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luc J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herold J Metselaar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Kwekkeboom
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The ultimate outcome of alloreactivity versus tolerance following transplantation is potently influenced by the constellation of cosignaling molecules expressed by immune cells during priming with alloantigen, and the net sum of costimulatory and coinhibitory signals transmitted via ligation of these molecules. Intense investigation over the last two decades has yielded a detailed understanding of the kinetics, cellular distribution, and intracellular signaling networks of cosignaling molecules such as the CD28, TNF, and TIM families of receptors in alloimmunity. More recent work has better defined the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which engagement of cosignaling networks serve to either dampen or augment alloimmunity. These findings will likely aid in the rational development of novel immunomodulatory strategies to prolong graft survival and improve outcomes following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy L Ford
- Emory Transplant Center and Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Ma D, Duan W, Li Y, Wang Z, Li S, Gong N, Chen G, Chen Z, Wan C, Yang J. PD-L1 Deficiency within Islets Reduces Allograft Survival in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152087. [PMID: 26990974 PMCID: PMC4798758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Islet transplantation may potentially cure type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, immune rejection, especially that induced by the alloreactive T-cell response, remains a restraining factor for the long-term survival of grafted islets. Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is a negative costimulatory molecule. PD-L1 deficiency within the donor heart accelerates allograft rejection. Here, we investigate whether PD-L1 deficiency in donor islets reduces allograft survival time. Methods Glucose Stimulation Assays were performed to evaluate whether PD-L1 deficiency has detrimental effects on islet function. Islets isolated from PDL1-deficient mice or wild- type (WT) mice (C57BL/6j) were implanted beneath the renal capsule of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic BALB/c mice. Blood glucose levels and graft survival time after transplantation were monitored. Moreover, we analyzed the residual islets, infiltrating immune cells and alloreactive cells from the recipients. Results PD-L1 deficiency within islets does not affect islet function. However, islet PD-L1 deficiency increased allograft rejection and was associated with enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration and recipient T-cell alloreactivity. Conclusions This is the first report to demonstrate that PD-L1 deficiency accelerated islet allograft rejection and regulated recipient alloimmune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Ma
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Wu Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yakun Li
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Shanglin Li
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Nianqiao Gong
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhishui Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Chidan Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (JY); (CW)
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (JY); (CW)
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Chen WJ, Hu XF, Yan M, Zhang WY, Mao XB, Shu YW. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells promote the inhibitory activation of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells via PD-L1. Atherosclerosis 2015; 244:108-12. [PMID: 26615520 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammation characterized by massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in arterial wall plaques. Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), a co-stimulatory molecule, plays a vital role in regulating immune responses. We investigated the role and mechanisms of PD-L1 expressed on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-impaired human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in promoting activation and cytokine production of CD4(+)CD25(+) forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) regulatory T cells (Tregs). METHODS AND RESULTS Tregs were incubated alone, with HUVECs or HUVECs pre-stimulated with ox-LDL in the presence of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for 48 h. HUVECs were shown to upregulate the immune phenotypic markers of Tregs, such as glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death-1 protein (PD-1). Moreover, HUVECs modulated cytokine production of Tregs (e.g., interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)). HUVECs treated with anti-PD-L1 mAbs were unable to regulate the surface expression and cytokine production of Tregs. The Transwell culture system suggested that interaction between HUVECs and Tregs via PD-L1 requires cell-to-cell contact. CONCLUSION Expression of the negative co-stimulatory molecule PD-L1 on HUVECs may upregulate the inhibitory activation and cytokine production of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Wen Shu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of T-cell exhaustion in the failure of clearance of viral infections and tumors is well established. There are several ongoing trials to reverse T-cell exhaustion for treatment of chronic viral infections and tumors. The mechanisms leading to T-cell exhaustion and its role in transplantation, however, are only beginning to be appreciated and are the focus of the present review. RECENT FINDINGS Exhausted T cells exhibit a distinct molecular profile reflecting combinatorial mechanisms involving the interaction of multiple transcription factors important in control of cell metabolism, acquisition of effector function and memory capacity. Change of microenvironmental cues and limiting leukocyte recruitment can modulate T-cell exhaustion. Impaired leukocyte recruitment induces T-cell exhaustion and prevents allograft rejection. SUMMARY Preventing or reversing T-cell exhaustion may lead to prevention of transplant tolerance or triggering of rejection; therefore, caution should be exercised in the use of agents blocking inhibitory receptors for the treatment of chronic viral infections or tumors in transplant recipients. Further definition of the role of T-cell exhaustion in clinical transplantation and an understanding of the mechanisms of induction of T-cell exhaustion are needed to develop strategies for preventing allograft rejection and induction of tolerance.
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Zaitsu M, Yamashita K, Shibasaki S, Tsunetoshi Y, Fukai M, Ogura M, Yoshida T, Igarashi R, Kobayashi N, Umezawa K, Todo S. 3-[(dodecylthiocarbonyl)methyl]-glutarimide attenuates graft arterial disease by suppressing alloimmune responses and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Transplantation 2015; 99:948-56. [PMID: 25675200 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graft arterial disease (GAD) is a major cause of late graft loss after organ transplantation. Alloimmune responses and vascular remodeling eventually cause the transplant organ to develop GAD. In this study, we aimed to limit the development of GAD by inhibiting alloimmune responses and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation with a new compound, 3-[(dodecylthiocarbonyl)methyl]-glutarimide ([DTCM]-glutarimide), in a murine cardiac model of GAD. METHODS The hearts from B6.CH-2 mice were transplanted into C57BL/6 mouse recipients to examine the extent of GAD. The recipients were treated with either vehicle or DTCM-glutarimide intraperitoneally (40 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks. RESULTS The administration of DTCM-glutarimide attenuated GAD formation (luminal occlusion: 37.9 ± 5.9% vs 14.8 ± 5.4%, P < 0.05) by inhibiting the number of graft-infiltrating cells and decreasing alloreactive interferon (IFN)-γ production compared with control mice, as measured by the Enzyme-linked ImmunoSpot assay. In vitro, VSMCs proliferated on stimulation with either basic fibroblast growth factor or IFN-γ and splenocytes after transplantation, but the addition of DTCM-glutarimide resulted in the inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Moreover, DTCM-glutarimide suppressed cyclin D1 expression and inhibited cell cycle progression from G1 to S in VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS The compound DTCM-glutarimide suppressed GAD development by inhibiting not only alloimmune responses but also VSMC proliferation in the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Zaitsu
- 1 Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. 2 Department of Transplant Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. 3 Department of Molecular Target Medicine Screening, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakude, Japan
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Cardiac allograft vasculopathy: a donor or recipient induced pathology? J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2015; 8:106-16. [PMID: 25652948 PMCID: PMC4382530 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-015-9612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is one of the main causes of late-stage heart failure after heart transplantation. CAV is characterized by concentric luminal narrowing of the coronary arteries, but the exact pathogenesis of CAV is still not unraveled. Many researchers show evidence of an allogeneic immune response of the recipient, whereas others show contrasting results in which donor-derived cells induce an immune response against the graft. In addition, fibrosis of the neo-intima can be induced by recipient-derived circulating cells or donor-derived cells. In this review, both donor and recipient sides of the story are described to obtain better insight in the pathogenesis of CAV. Dual outcomes were found regarding the contribution of donor and recipient cells in the initiation of the immune response and the development of fibrosis during CAV. Future research could focus more on the potential synergistic interaction of donor and recipient cells leading to CAV.
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Kaul AMK, Goparaju S, Dvorina N, Iida S, Keslar KS, de la Motte CA, Valujskikh A, Fairchild RL, Baldwin WM. Acute and chronic rejection: compartmentalization and kinetics of counterbalancing signals in cardiac transplants. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:333-45. [PMID: 25582188 PMCID: PMC4304877 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute and chronic rejection impact distinct compartments of cardiac allografts. Intramyocardial mononuclear cell infiltrates define acute rejection, whereas chronic rejection affects large arteries. Hearts transplanted from male to female C57BL/6 mice undergo acute rejection with interstitial infiltrates at 2 weeks that resolve by 6 weeks when large arteries develop arteriopathy. These processes are dependent on T cells because no infiltrates developed in T cell-deficient mice and transfer of CD4 T cells restored T cell as well as macrophage infiltrates and ultimately neointima formation. Markers of inflammatory macrophages were up-regulated in the interstitium acutely and decreased as markers of wound healing macrophages increased chronically. Programmed cell death protein, a negative costimulator, and its ligand PDL1 were up-regulated in the interstitium during resolution of acute rejection. Blocking PDL1:PD1 interactions in the acute phase increased interstitial T cell infiltrates. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and its endogenous ligand hyaluronan were increased in arteries with neointimal expansion. Injection of hyaluronan fragments increased intragraft production of chemokines. Our data indicate that negative costimulatory pathways are critical for the resolution of acute interstitial infiltrates. In the arterial compartment recognition of endogenous ligands including hyaluronan by the innate TLRs may support the progression of arteriopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. K. Kaul
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH
| | - S. Goparaju
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH
| | - N. Dvorina
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - S. Iida
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - K. S. Keslar
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - A. Valujskikh
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - W. M. Baldwin
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Fujiwara H, Maeda Y, Kobayashi K, Nishimori H, Matsuoka KI, Fujii N, Kondo E, Tanaka T, Chen L, Azuma M, Yagita H, Tanimoto M. Programmed death-1 pathway in host tissues ameliorates Th17/Th1-mediated experimental chronic graft-versus-host disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:2565-73. [PMID: 25080485 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of late death and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the role of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway in chronic GVHD using a well-defined mouse model of B10.D2 (H-2(d)) donor to BALB/c (H-2(d)) recipients. PD-1 expression on allogeneic donor T cells was upregulated continuously in chronic GVHD development, whereas PD-L1 expression in host tissues was transiently upregulated and declined to basal levels in the late posttransplant period. Blockade of the PD-1 pathway by anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 mAbs exacerbated clinical and pathologic chronic GVHD. Chimeric mice revealed that PD-L1 expression in host tissues suppressed expansion of IL-17(+)IFN-γ(+) T cells, and that PD-L1 expression on hematopoietic cells plays a role in the development of regulatory T cells only during the early transplantation period but does not affect the severity of chronic GVHD. Administration of the synthetic retinoid Am80 overcame the IL-17(+)IFN-γ(+) T cell expansion caused by PD-L1 deficiency, resulting in reduced chronic GVHD damage in PD-L1(-/-) recipients. Stimulation of the PD-1 pathway also alleviated chronic GVHD. These results suggest that the PD-1 pathway contributes to the suppression of Th17/Th1-mediated chronic GVHD and may represent a new target for the prevention or treatment of chronic GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558;
| | - Koichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Hisakazu Nishimori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Eisei Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Takehiro Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Miyuki Azuma
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan 113-8549; and
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 113-8421
| | - Mitsune Tanimoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan 700-8558
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Mitchell RN. Learning from rejection: What transplantation teaches us about (other) vascular pathologies. J Autoimmun 2013; 45:80-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Riella LV, Yang J, Chock S, Safa K, Magee CN, Vanguri V, Elyaman W, Lahoud Y, Yagita H, Abdi R, Najafian N, Medina-Pestana JO, Chandraker A. Jagged2-signaling promotes IL-6-dependent transplant rejection. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:1449-58. [PMID: 23526606 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201243151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Notch pathway is an important intercellular signaling pathway that plays a major role in controlling cell fate. Accumulating evidence indicates that Notch and its ligands present on antigen-presenting cells might be important mediators of T helper cell differentiation. In this study, we investigated the role of Jagged2 in murine cardiac transplantation by using a signaling Jagged2 mAb (Jag2) that activates recombinant signal-binding protein-Jκ. While administration of Jag2 mAb had little effect on graft survival in the fully allogeneic mismatched model BALB/c→B6, it hastened rejection in CD28-deficient recipients. Similarly, Jag2 precipitated rejection in the bm12→B6 model. In this MHC class II-mismatched model, allografts spontaneously survive for >56 days due to the emergence of Treg cells that inhibit the expansion of alloreactive T cells. The accelerated rejection was associated with upregulation of Th2 cytokines and proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, despite expansion of Treg cells. Incubation of Treg cells with recombinant IL-6 abrogated their inhibitory effects in vitro. Furthermore, neutralization of IL-6 in vivo protected Jag2-treated recipients from rejection and Jagged2 signaling was unable to further accelerate rejection in the absence of Treg cells. Our findings therefore suggest that Jagged2 signaling can affect graft acceptance by upregulation of IL-6 and consequent resistance to Treg-cell suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo V Riella
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Memory T cells and their exhaustive differentiation in allograft tolerance and rejection. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 17:15-9. [PMID: 22186090 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32834ee443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Memory T cells have emerged as a major threat to transplant survival; they are well equipped and well positioned to respond to antigens in an accelerated fashion. They participate in transplant rejection and resist interventions that usually contain naïve T cells. Thus, the means to prevent memory T cells from attacking allotransplants are an important issue in transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies in other models suggest that effector T cells, which include both freshly activated T cells and memory T cells, can acquire 'an exhausted phenotype' in that they progressively lose their effector activities. This response is highly regulated, antigen specific, and driven primarily by antigen persistence. This exhausted phenotype has not been carefully explored in transplant models, and its role in transplant survival remains largely unknown. SUMMARY Studies of T-cell exhaustion may reveal additional facets of the fundamental mechanisms of transplant survival. T-cell exhaustion may be an alternative way of preventing memory development. Future studies are needed to further improve our understanding of T-cell exhaustion in transplantation.
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Abstract
Understanding immunoregulatory mechanisms is essential for the development of novel interventions to improve long-term allograft survival. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, have emerged as critical inhibitory signaling pathways that regulate T cell response and maintain peripheral tolerance. PD-1 signaling inhibits alloreactive T cell activation, and can promote induced regulatory T cell development. Furthermore, the upregulation of PD-L1 on nonhematopoietic cells of the allograft may actively participate in the inhibition of immune responses and provide tissue-specific protection. In murine transplant models, this pathway has been shown to be critical for the induction and maintenance of graft tolerance. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the immunoregulatory functions of PD-1 and its ligands and their therapeutic potential in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo V. Riella
- Schuster Family Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Corresponding author: Leonardo V. Riella, MD, PhD Transplantation Research Center Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston 221 Longwood Ave, Boston MA 02115, USA. Tel: 617-732-5898; Fax: 617-732-5254
| | - Alison M. Paterson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Arlene H. Sharpe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Anil Chandraker
- Schuster Family Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Magee CN, Boenisch O, Najafian N. The role of costimulatory molecules in directing the functional differentiation of alloreactive T helper cells. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2588-600. [PMID: 22759274 PMCID: PMC3459149 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04180.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Costimulatory molecules are a heterogenous group of cell surface molecules that act to amplify or counteract the initial activating signals provided to T cells from the T cell receptor following its interaction with an antigen/major histocompatibility complex, thereby influencing T cell differentiation and fate. Although costimulation was previously thought to be indispensable for T cell activation at all stages of development, it is now known that the requirements for costimulation, and the costimulatory molecules involved, vary according to the stage of T cell differentiation. The ability to influence T cell fate is of paramount interest in the field of transplantation as we seek therapeutic options that inhibit detrimental alloimmune responses whilst simultaneously promoting allograft tolerance. As with many immune mechanisms, there is a degree of functional overlap between certain costimulatory molecules, whereas some have diametrically opposite effects on different T cell subsets despite sharing common ligands. This is a critical point when considering these molecules as therapeutic targets in transplantation, as blockade of a costimulatory pathway, although desirable in itself, may prevent the ligation of an essential regulatory coinhibitory molecule. This review discusses the T helper cell lineages pertinent to transplantation and the costimulatory molecules involved in their differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara N. Magee
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Olaf Boenisch
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Nader Najafian
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis is the quintessential example of a delayed-in-time and T-cell-mediated immune response. In the last decade, many of the molecular events required to initiate (or block) such a response have been uncovered. Textbook and journal reviews have emphasized the costimulatory requirements, with less focus on the coinhibitory signals that are of equal importance in understanding this central event of adaptive immunity. To fill this gap, we offer a compendium of discoveries characterizing the ligand-receptor pairs inhibiting T-cell activation and of selected illnesses and therapeutic applications that illuminate their role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjita Das
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Negative T-cell costimulatory pathways: their role in regulating alloimmune responses. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2012; 13:373-8. [PMID: 18685332 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e328306117f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Negative T-cell costimulatory pathways regulate T-cell responses and are of great interest in the development of tolerance-inducing strategies in transplantation. This article provides an update of major contributions to the understanding of the known negative costimulatory pathways, and reviews recent studies on the effects of targeting of these pathways in alloimmunity. RECENT FINDINGS Graft tissue expression of negative costimulatory molecules, especially programmed death receptor ligand 1, plays a major role in regulation of alloimmune responses. The recently demonstrated programmed death receptor ligand 1:B7-1 interaction highlights the complexity and possible redundancy/hierarchy of the functions of these pathways in vivo. CD160 was identified as a ligand of Herpes virus entry mediator and has been established as a new coinhibitory molecule. A soluble form of B7-H3 with possible functional roles has been identified in mice and humans. SUMMARY The understanding of negative costimulatory pathways is embarrassed by complex interactions between simultaneously activated positive and negative costimulatory pathways among themselves and with immunosuppressive agents, differential expression of these molecules on different immune cell subsets as well as their expression in parenchymal cells of transplanted tissues, all of them clearly affecting their functions. Further elucidation of these novel concepts is pertinent for targeting these pathways in translational studies in near future.
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