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Zhu Z, Wu R, Luo M, Zeng L, Zhang D, Hu N, Hu Y, Li Y. Two-Dimensional Deep Learning Frameworks for Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Detection. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3316-3326. [PMID: 38842187 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The identification of drug-induced cardiotoxicity remains a pressing challenge with far-reaching clinical and economic ramifications, often leading to patient harm and resource-intensive drug recalls. Current methodologies, including in vivo and in vitro models, have severe limitations in accurate identification of cardiotoxic substances. Pioneering a paradigm shift from these conventional techniques, our study presents two deep learning-based frameworks, STFT-CNN and SST-CNN, to assess cardiotoxicity with markedly improved accuracy and reliability. Leveraging the power of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) as a more human-relevant cell model, we record mechanical beating signals through impedance measurements. These temporal signals were converted into enriched two-dimensional representations through advanced transformation techniques, specifically short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and synchro-squeezing transform (SST). These transformed data are fed into the proposed frameworks for comprehensive analysis, including drug type classification, concentration classification, cardiotoxicity classification, and new drug identification. Compared to traditional models like recurrent neural network (RNN) and 1-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), SST-CNN delivered an impressive test accuracy of 98.55% in drug type classification and 99% in distinguishing cardiotoxic and noncardiotoxic drugs. Its feasibility is further highlighted with a stellar 98.5% average accuracy for classification of various concentrations, and the superiority of our proposed frameworks underscores their promise in revolutionizing drug safety assessments. With a potential for scalability, they represent a major leap in drug safety assessments, offering a pathway to more robust, efficient, and human-relevant cardiotoxicity evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Ruochen Wu
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ma Luo
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Diming Zhang
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- General Surgery Department, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Ye Hu
- Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
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2
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Bai J, Zhang C, Liang Y, Tavares A, Wang L. Impact of Combined Modulation of Two Potassium Ion Currents on Spiral Waves and Turbulent States in the Heart. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 26:446. [PMID: 38920457 PMCID: PMC11202854 DOI: 10.3390/e26060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of cardiac research, the control of spiral waves and turbulent states has been a persistent focus for scholars. Among various avenues of investigation, the modulation of ion currents represents a crucial direction. It has been proved that the methods involving combined control of currents are superior to singular approaches. While previous studies have proposed some combination strategies, further reinforcement and supplementation are required, particularly in the context of controlling arrhythmias through the combined regulation of two potassium ion currents. This study employs the Luo-Rudy phase I cardiac model, modulating the maximum conductance of the time-dependent potassium current and the time-independent potassium current, to investigate the effects of this combined modulation on spiral waves and turbulent states. Numerical simulation results indicate that, compared to modulating a single current, combining reductions in the conductance of two potassium ion currents can rapidly control spiral waves and turbulent states in a short duration. This implies that employing blockers for both potassium ion currents concurrently represents a more efficient control strategy. The control outcomes of this study represent a novel and effective combination for antiarrhythmic interventions, offering potential avenues for new antiarrhythmic drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- School of Statistics and Data Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China; (J.B.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Industrial Electronics, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Chunfu Zhang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China; (J.B.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Industrial Electronics, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Yanchun Liang
- School of Computer Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Adriano Tavares
- Department of Industrial Electronics, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Lidong Wang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China; (J.B.); (C.Z.)
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3
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Chen MS, Sun R, Wang R, Zuo Y, Zhou K, Kim J, Stevens MM. Fillable Magnetic Microrobots for Drug Delivery to Cardiac Tissues In Vitro. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400419. [PMID: 38748937 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Many cardiac diseases, such as arrhythmia or cardiogenic shock, cause irregular beating patterns that must be regulated to prevent disease progression toward heart failure. Treatments can include invasive surgery or high systemic drug dosages, which lack precision, localization, and control. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) that can deliver cargo to the cardiac injury site could address these unmet clinical challenges. Here, a microrobotic DDS that can be mobilized to specific sites via magnetic control is presented. This DDS incorporates an internal chamber that can protect drug cargo. Furthermore, the DDS contains a tunable thermosensitive sealing layer that gradually degrades upon exposure to body temperature, enabling prolonged drug release. Once loaded with the small molecule drug norepinephrine, this microrobotic DDS modulated beating frequency in induced pluripotent stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) in a dose-dependent manner, thus simulating drug delivery to cardiac cells in vitro. The DDS also navigates several maze-like structures seeded with cardiomyocytes to demonstrate precise locomotion under a rotating low-intensity magnetic field and on-site drug delivery. This work demonstrates the utility of a magnetically actuating DDS for precise, localized, and controlled drug delivery which is of interest for a myriad of future opportunities such as in treating cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie S Chen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rujie Sun
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Richard Wang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yuyang Zuo
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Junyoung Kim
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, & Genetics, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
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4
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Chandy M, Hill T, Jimenez-Tellez N, Wu JC, Sarles SE, Hensel E, Wang Q, Rahman I, Conklin DJ. Addressing Cardiovascular Toxicity Risk of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems in the Twenty-First Century: "What Are the Tools Needed for the Job?" and "Do We Have Them?". Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:435-471. [PMID: 38555547 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is positively and robustly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), including hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke, thromboembolism, myocardial infarctions, and heart failure. However, after more than a decade of ENDS presence in the U.S. marketplace, uncertainty persists regarding the long-term health consequences of ENDS use for CVD. New approach methods (NAMs) in the field of toxicology are being developed to enhance rapid prediction of human health hazards. Recent technical advances can now consider impact of biological factors such as sex and race/ethnicity, permitting application of NAMs findings to health equity and environmental justice issues. This has been the case for hazard assessments of drugs and environmental chemicals in areas such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and developmental toxicity. Despite these advances, a shortage of widely accepted methodologies to predict the impact of ENDS use on human health slows the application of regulatory oversight and the protection of public health. Minimizing the time between the emergence of risk (e.g., ENDS use) and the administration of well-founded regulatory policy requires thoughtful consideration of the currently available sources of data, their applicability to the prediction of health outcomes, and whether these available data streams are enough to support an actionable decision. This challenge forms the basis of this white paper on how best to reveal potential toxicities of ENDS use in the human cardiovascular system-a primary target of conventional tobacco smoking. We identify current approaches used to evaluate the impacts of tobacco on cardiovascular health, in particular emerging techniques that replace, reduce, and refine slower and more costly animal models with NAMs platforms that can be applied to tobacco regulatory science. The limitations of these emerging platforms are addressed, and systems biology approaches to close the knowledge gap between traditional models and NAMs are proposed. It is hoped that these suggestions and their adoption within the greater scientific community will result in fresh data streams that will support and enhance the scientific evaluation and subsequent decision-making of tobacco regulatory agencies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Chandy
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - Thomas Hill
- Division of Nonclinical Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Nerea Jimenez-Tellez
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - S Emma Sarles
- Biomedical and Chemical Engineering PhD Program, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Edward Hensel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Qixin Wang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiometabolic Science, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston St., Delia Baxter, Rm. 404E, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Kanade PP, Oyunbaatar NE, Kim J, Lee BK, Kim ES, Lee DW. Cardiotoxicity Assessment through a Polymer-Based Cantilever Platform: An Integrated Electro-Mechanical Screening Approach. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311274. [PMID: 38511575 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical drug screening for cardiac toxicity has traditionally relied on observing changes in cardiomyocytes' electrical activity, primarily through invasive patch clamp techniques or non-invasive microelectrode arrays (MEA). However, relying solely on field potential duration (FPD) measurements for electrophysiological assessment can miss the full spectrum of drug-induced toxicity, as different drugs affect cardiomyocytes through various mechanisms. A more comprehensive approach, combining field potential and contractility measurements, is essential for accurate toxicity profiling, particularly for drugs targeting contractile proteins without affecting electrophysiology. However, previously proposed platform has significant limitations in terms of simultaneous measurement. The novel platform addresses these issues, offering enhanced, non-invasive evaluation of drug-induced cardiotoxicity. It features eight cantilevers with patterned strain sensors and MEA, enabling real-time monitoring of both cardiomyocyte contraction force and field potential. This system can detect minimum cardiac contraction force of ≈2 µN and field potential signals with 50 µm MEA diameter, using the same cardiomyocytes in measurements of two parameters. Testing with six drugs of varied mechanisms of action, the platform successfully identifies these mechanisms and accurately assesses toxicity profiles, including drugs not inhibiting potassium channels. This innovative approach presents a comprehensive, non-invasive method for cardiac function assessment, poised to revolutionize preclinical cardiotoxicity screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja P Kanade
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Nomin-Erdene Oyunbaatar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongyun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Kee Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Eung-Sam Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Weon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Center for Next-Generation Sensor Research and Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
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Simmons DW, Malayath G, Schuftan DR, Guo J, Oguntuyo K, Ramahdita G, Sun Y, Jordan SD, Munsell MK, Kandalaft B, Pear M, Rentschler SL, Huebsch N. Engineered tissue geometry and Plakophilin-2 regulate electrophysiology of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:016118. [PMID: 38476404 PMCID: PMC10932571 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Engineered heart tissues have been created to study cardiac biology and disease in a setting that more closely mimics in vivo heart muscle than 2D monolayer culture. Previously published studies suggest that geometrically anisotropic micro-environments are crucial for inducing "in vivo like" physiology from immature cardiomyocytes. We hypothesized that the degree of cardiomyocyte alignment and prestress within engineered tissues is regulated by tissue geometry and, subsequently, drives electrophysiological development. Thus, we studied the effects of tissue geometry on electrophysiology of micro-heart muscle arrays (μHM) engineered from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Elongated tissue geometries elicited cardiomyocyte shape and electrophysiology changes led to adaptations that yielded increased calcium intake during each contraction cycle. Strikingly, pharmacologic studies revealed that a threshold of prestress and/or cellular alignment is required for sodium channel function, whereas L-type calcium and rapidly rectifying potassium channels were largely insensitive to these changes. Concurrently, tissue elongation upregulated sodium channel (NaV1.5) and gap junction (Connexin 43, Cx43) protein expression. Based on these observations, we leveraged elongated μHM to study the impact of loss-of-function mutation in Plakophilin 2 (PKP2), a desmosome protein implicated in arrhythmogenic disease. Within μHM, PKP2 knockout cardiomyocytes had cellular morphology similar to what was observed in isogenic controls. However, PKP2-/- tissues exhibited lower conduction velocity and no functional sodium current. PKP2 knockout μHM exhibited geometrically linked upregulation of sodium channel but not Cx43, suggesting that post-translational mechanisms, including a lack of ion channel-gap junction communication, may underlie the lower conduction velocity observed in tissues harboring this genetic defect. Altogether, these observations demonstrate that simple, scalable micro-tissue systems can provide the physiologic stresses necessary to induce electrical remodeling of iPS-CM to enable studies on the electrophysiologic consequences of disease-associated genomic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Simmons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Ganesh Malayath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - David R. Schuftan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Jingxuan Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Kasoorelope Oguntuyo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Ghiska Ramahdita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Yuwen Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Samuel D. Jordan
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Mary K. Munsell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Brennan Kandalaft
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Missy Pear
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Stacey L. Rentschler
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Nathaniel Huebsch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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7
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Li J, Hua Y, Liu Y, Qu X, Zhang J, Ishida M, Yoshida N, Tabata A, Miyoshi H, Shiba M, Higo S, Sougawa N, Takeda M, Kawamura T, Matsuura R, Okuzaki D, Toyofuku T, Sawa Y, Liu L, Miyagawa S. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived closed-loop cardiac tissue for drug assessment. iScience 2024; 27:108992. [PMID: 38333703 PMCID: PMC10850789 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) exhibit functional immaturity, potentially impacting their suitability for assessing drug proarrhythmic potential. We previously devised a traveling wave (TW) system to promote maturation in 3D cardiac tissue. To align with current drug assessment paradigms (CiPA and JiCSA), necessitating a 2D monolayer cardiac tissue, we integrated the TW system with a multi-electrode array. This gave rise to a hiPSC-derived closed-loop cardiac tissue (iCT), enabling spontaneous TW initiation and swift pacing of cardiomyocytes from various cell lines. The TW-paced cardiomyocytes demonstrated heightened sarcomeric and functional maturation, exhibiting enhanced response to isoproterenol. Moreover, these cells showcased diminished sensitivity to verapamil and maintained low arrhythmia rates with ranolazine-two drugs associated with a low risk of torsades de pointes (TdP). Notably, the TW group displayed increased arrhythmia rates with high and intermediate risk TdP drugs (quinidine and pimozide), underscoring the potential utility of this system in drug assessment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masako Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akiko Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hayato Miyoshi
- Fujifilm Corporation, Ashigarakami 258-8577, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikio Shiba
- Cardiovascular Division, Osaka Police Hospital, Tennoji 543-0035, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Medical Therapeutics for Heart Failure, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nagako Sougawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha Hanazono-cho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maki Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuji Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryohei Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Toyofuku
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Future Medicine, Division of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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8
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Fortin MC, LaCroix AS, Grammatopoulos TN, Tan L, Wang Q, Manca D. Lower cardiotoxicity of CPX-351 relative to daunorubicin plus cytarabine free-drug combination in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in vitro. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21054. [PMID: 38030645 PMCID: PMC10686991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomal formulations are hypothesized to alleviate anthracycline cardiotoxicity, although this has only been documented clinically for doxorubicin. We developed an in vitro multiparametric model using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) to assess the relative toxicity of anthracyclines across formulations. Proof of concept was established by treating hiPSC-CM with equivalent concentrations of free and liposomal doxorubicin. The study was then repeated with free daunorubicin plus cytarabine and CPX-351, a dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of daunorubicin/cytarabine. hiPSC-CM were treated with free-drug or liposomal formulations for 24 h on Days 1, 3, and 5 at equivalent concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 ng/mL and assessed on subsequent days. Free-drug treatment resulted in concentration-dependent cumulative cytotoxicity (microscopy), more profound decrease in ATP levels, and significant time- and concentration-dependent decreases in oxygen consumption versus liposomal formulations (p < 0.01). Repeated free-drug exposure also resulted in greater release of biomarkers (cardiac troponin I, FABP3) and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as in a biphasic rhythmicity response (initial increase followed by slowing/quiescence of beating) indicating significant injury, which was not observed after repeated exposure to liposomal formulations. Overall, liposomal formulations were considerably less toxic to hiPSC-CM than their free-drug counterparts. Clinical data will be needed to confirm findings for CPX-351.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C Fortin
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, 2005 Market Street, 21St Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA.
| | | | | | - Lei Tan
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, 2005 Market Street, 21St Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, 2005 Market Street, 21St Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - Dino Manca
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, 2005 Market Street, 21St Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
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9
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Aitova A, Berezhnoy A, Tsvelaya V, Gusev O, Lyundup A, Efimov AE, Agapov I, Agladze K. Biomimetic Cardiac Tissue Models for In Vitro Arrhythmia Studies. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:487. [PMID: 37887618 PMCID: PMC10604593 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Many arrhythmias are caused by reentry, a phenomenon where excitation waves circulate in the heart. Optical mapping techniques have revealed the role of reentry in arrhythmia initiation and fibrillation transition, but the underlying biophysical mechanisms are still difficult to investigate in intact hearts. Tissue engineering models of cardiac tissue can mimic the structure and function of native cardiac tissue and enable interactive observation of reentry formation and wave propagation. This review will present various approaches to constructing cardiac tissue models for reentry studies, using the authors' work as examples. The review will highlight the evolution of tissue engineering designs based on different substrates, cell types, and structural parameters. A new approach using polymer materials and cellular reprogramming to create biomimetic cardiac tissues will be introduced. The review will also show how computational modeling of cardiac tissue can complement experimental data and how such models can be applied in the biomimetics of cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleria Aitova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 423450 Almetyevsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Berezhnoy
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 423450 Almetyevsk, Russia
| | - Valeriya Tsvelaya
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 423450 Almetyevsk, Russia
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420018 Kazan, Russia
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | | | - Anton E. Efimov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Agapov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Zhang F, Cheng H, Qu K, Qian X, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Qian S, Huang N, Cui C, Chen M. Continuous contractile force and electrical signal recordings of 3D cardiac tissue utilizing conductive hydrogel pillars on a chip. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100626. [PMID: 37122834 PMCID: PMC10130626 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart-on-chip emerged as a potential tool for cardiac tissue engineering, recapitulating key physiological cues in cardiac pathophysiology. Controlled electrical stimulation and the ability to provide directly analyzed functional readouts are essential to evaluate the physiology of cardiac tissues in the heart-on-chip platforms. In this scenario, a novel heart-on-chip platform integrating two soft conductive hydrogel pillar electrodes was presented here. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and cardiac fibroblasts were seeded into the apparatus to create 3D human cardiac tissues. The application of electrical stimulation improved functional performance by altering the dynamics of tissue structure and contractile development. The contractile forces that cardiac tissues contract was accurately measured through optical tracking of hydrogel pillar displacement. Furthermore, the conductive properties of hydrogel pillars allowed direct and non-invasive electrophysiology studies, enabling continuous monitoring of signal changes in real-time while dynamically administering drugs to the cardiac tissues, as shown by a chronotropic reaction to isoprenaline and verapamil. Overall, the platform for acquiring contractile force and electrophysiological signals in situ allowed monitoring the tissue development trend without interrupting the culture process and could have diverse applications in preclinical drug testing, disease modeling, and therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hongyi Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215002, China
| | - Kaiyun Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xuetian Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yongping Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Yike Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Sichong Qian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ningping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Chang Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Minglong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215002, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China.
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11
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Jiang D, Wei X, Zhu Y, Qiu Y, Liu X, Kong L, Li F, Liu J, Zhuang L, Wan H, Ying K, Wang P. Evaluating the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of EGFR-TKI AC0010 with a novel multifunctional biosensor. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:57. [PMID: 37180453 PMCID: PMC10172296 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have dramatically improved the life expectancy of patients with NSCLC, concerns about TKI-induced cardiotoxicities have increased. AC0010, a novel third-generation TKI, was developed to overcome drug resistance induced by EGFR-T790M mutation. However, the cardiotoxicity of AC0010 remains unclear. To evaluate the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of AC0010, we designed a novel multifunctional biosensor by integrating microelectrodes (MEs) and interdigital electrodes (IDEs) to comprehensively evaluate cell viability, electrophysiological activity, and morphological changes (beating of cardiomyocytes). The multifunctional biosensor can monitor AC0010-induced NSCLC inhibition and cardiotoxicity in a quantitative, label-free, noninvasive, and real-time manner. AC0010 was found to significantly inhibit NCI-H1975 (EGFR-L858R/T790M mutation), while weak inhibition was found for A549 (wild-type EGFR). Negligible inhibition was found in the viabilities of HFF-1 (normal fibroblasts) and cardiomyocytes. With the multifunctional biosensor, we found that 10 μM AC0010 significantly affected the extracellular field potential (EFP) and mechanical beating of cardiomyocytes. The amplitude of EFP continuously decreased after AC0010 treatment, while the interval decreased first and then increased. We analyzed the change in the systole time (ST) and diastole time (DT) within a beating interval and found that the DT and DT/beating interval rate decreased within 1 h after AC0010 treatment. This result probably indicated that the relaxation of cardiomyocytes was insufficient, which may further aggravate the dysfunction. Here, we found that AC0010 significantly inhibited EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and impaired cardiomyocyte function at low concentrations (10 μM). This is the first study in which the risk of AC0010-induced cardiotoxicity was evaluated. In addition, novel multifunctional biosensors can comprehensively evaluate the antitumor efficacy and cardiotoxicity of drugs and candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Jiang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310053 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Xinwei Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Xin Liu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Liubing Kong
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Fengheng Li
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009 China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Hao Wan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310053 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Kejing Ying
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310053 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
- State Key Laboratory for Sensor Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 China
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12
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Abstract
Heart disease is a significant burden on global health care systems and is a leading cause of death each year. To improve our understanding of heart disease, high quality disease models are needed. These will facilitate the discovery and development of new treatments for heart disease. Traditionally, researchers have relied on 2D monolayer systems or animal models of heart disease to elucidate pathophysiology and drug responses. Heart-on-a-chip (HOC) technology is an emerging field where cardiomyocytes among other cell types in the heart can be used to generate functional, beating cardiac microtissues that recapitulate many features of the human heart. HOC models are showing great promise as disease modeling platforms and are poised to serve as important tools in the drug development pipeline. By leveraging advances in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte biology and microfabrication technology, diseased HOCs are highly tuneable and can be generated via different approaches such as: using cells with defined genetic backgrounds (patient-derived cells), adding small molecules, modifying the cells' environment, altering cell ratio/composition of microtissues, among others. HOCs have been used to faithfully model aspects of arrhythmia, fibrosis, infection, cardiomyopathies, and ischemia, to name a few. In this review, we highlight recent advances in disease modeling using HOC systems, describing instances where these models outperformed other models in terms of reproducing disease phenotypes and/or led to drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mourad
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ryan Yee
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Sara S Nunes
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Ajmera Transplant Center (S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence (S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
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13
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Cai D, Zheng Z, Jin X, Fu Y, Cen L, Ye J, Song Y, Lian J. The Advantages, Challenges, and Future of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines in Type 2 Long QT Syndrome. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:209-220. [PMID: 35976484 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 long QT syndrome (LQT2) is the second most common subtype of long QT syndrome and is caused by mutations in KCHN2 encoding the rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium channel vital for ventricular repolarization. Sudden cardiac death is a sentinel event of LQT2. Preclinical diagnosis by genetic testing is potentially life-saving.Traditional LQT2 models cannot wholly recapitulate genetic and phenotypic features; therefore, there is a demand for a reliable experimental model. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) meet this challenge. This review introduces the advantages of the hiPSC-CM model over the traditional model and discusses how hiPSC-CM and gene editing are used to decipher mechanisms of LQT2, screen for cardiotoxicity, and identify therapeutic strategies, thus promoting the realization of precision medicine for LQT2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihui Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Zequn Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaojun Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Yin Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Lichao Cen
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiachun Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongfei Song
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China.
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14
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Malihi G, Nikoui V, Elson EL. A review on qualifications and cost effectiveness of induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs)-induced cardiomyocytes in drug screening tests. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:131-142. [PMID: 32783745 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1802600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) have initiated a higher degree of successes in disease modelling, preclinical evaluation of drug therapy and pharmaco-toxicological testing. Since the discovery of iPSCs in 2006, many advanced techniques have been introduced to differentiate iPSCs to cardiomyocytes, which have been progressively improved. The disease models from iPSC-induced cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) have been successfully helping to study a variety of cardiac diseases such as long QT syndrome, drug-induced long QT, different cardiomyopathies related to mutations in mitochondria or desmosomal proteins and other rare genetic diseases. IPSC-CMs have also been used to screen the role of chemicals in cardiovascular drug discovery and individualisation of drug dosages. In this review, the quality of current procedures for characterisation and maturation of iPSC-CM lines will be discussed. Also, we will focus on time efficiency and cost of standard differentiation methods after reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahid Nikoui
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elliot L Elson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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15
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Spetz JKE, Florido MHC, Fraser CS, Qin X, Choiniere J, Yu SJ, Singh R, Friesen M, Rubin LL, Salem JE, Moslehi JJ, Sarosiek KA. Heightened apoptotic priming of vascular cells across tissues and life span predisposes them to cancer therapy-induced toxicities. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn6579. [PMID: 36351019 PMCID: PMC9645721 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn6579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although major organ toxicities frequently arise in patients treated with cytotoxic or targeted cancer therapies, the mechanisms that drive them are poorly understood. Here, we report that vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are more highly primed for apoptosis than parenchymal cells across many adult tissues. Consequently, ECs readily undergo apoptosis in response to many commonly used anticancer agents including cytotoxic and targeted drugs and are more sensitive to ionizing radiation and BH3 mimetics than parenchymal cells in vivo. Further, using differentiated isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cell models of ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), we find that these vascular cells exhibit distinct drug toxicity patterns, which are linked to divergent therapy-induced vascular toxicities in patients. Collectively, our results demonstrate that vascular cells are highly sensitive to apoptosis-inducing stress across life span and may represent a "weakest link" vulnerability in multiple tissues for development of toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan K. E. Spetz
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary H. C. Florido
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cameron S. Fraser
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xingping Qin
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Choiniere
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stacey J. Yu
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rumani Singh
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Max Friesen
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lee L. Rubin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Clinical Investigation Center Paris-Est, CIC-1901, INSERM, UNICO-GRECO Cardio-Oncology Program, Department of Pharmacology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Javid J. Moslehi
- Section of Cardio-Oncology and Immunology, Division of Cardiology and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristopher A. Sarosiek
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Visone R, Lozano-Juan F, Marzorati S, Rivolta MW, Pesenti E, Redaelli A, Sassi R, Rasponi M, Occhetta P. Predicting human cardiac QT alterations and pro-arrhythmic effects of compounds with a 3D beating heart-on-chip platform. Toxicol Sci 2022; 191:47-60. [PMID: 36226800 PMCID: PMC9887672 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining the potential cardiotoxicity and pro-arrhythmic effects of drug candidates remains one of the most relevant issues in the drug development pipeline (DDP). New methods enabling to perform more representative preclinical in vitro studies by exploiting induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) are under investigation to increase the translational power of the outcomes. Here we present a pharmacological campaign conducted to evaluate the drug-induced QT alterations and arrhythmic events on uHeart, a 3D miniaturized in vitro model of human myocardium encompassing iPSC-CM and dermal fibroblasts embedded in fibrin. uHeart was mechanically trained resulting in synchronously beating cardiac microtissues in 1 week, characterized by a clear field potential (FP) signal that was recorded by means of an integrated electrical system. A drug screening protocol compliant with the new International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines was established and uHeart was employed for testing the effect of 11 compounds acting on single or multiple cardiac ion channels and well-known to elicit QT prolongation or arrhythmic events in clinics. The alterations of uHeart's electrophysiological parameters such as the beating period, the FP duration, the FP amplitude, and the detection of arrhythmic events prior and after drug administration at incremental doses were effectively analyzed through a custom-developed algorithm. Results demonstrated the ability of uHeart to successfully anticipate clinical outcome and to predict the QT prolongation with a sensitivity of 83.3%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 91.6%. Cardiotoxic concentrations of drugs were notably detected in the range of the clinical highest blood drug concentration (Cmax), qualifying uHeart as a fit-to-purpose preclinical tool for cardiotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alberto Redaelli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Roberto Sassi
- Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Marco Rasponi
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
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17
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Clark AP, Wei S, Kalola D, Krogh‐Madsen T, Christini DJ. An in silico-in vitro pipeline for drug cardiotoxicity screening identifies ionic pro-arrhythmia mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4829-4843. [PMID: 35781252 PMCID: PMC9489646 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Before advancing to clinical trials, new drugs are screened for their pro-arrhythmic potential using a method that is overly conservative and provides limited mechanistic insight. The shortcomings of this approach can lead to the mis-classification of beneficial drugs as pro-arrhythmic. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH An in silico-in vitro pipeline was developed to circumvent these shortcomings. A computational human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) model was used as part of a genetic algorithm to design experiments, specifically electrophysiological voltage clamp (VC) protocols, to identify which of several cardiac ion channels were blocked during in vitro drug studies. Such VC data, along with dynamically clamped action potentials (AP), were acquired from iPSC-CMs before and after treatment with a control solution or a low- (verapamil), intermediate- (cisapride or quinine) or high-risk (quinidine) drug. KEY RESULTS Significant AP prolongation (a pro-arrhythmia marker) was seen in response to quinidine and quinine. The VC protocol identified block of IKr (a source of arrhythmias) by all strong IKr blockers, including cisapride, quinidine and quinine. The protocol also detected block of ICaL by verapamil and Ito by quinidine. Further demonstrating the power of the approach, the VC data uncovered a previously unidentified If block by quinine, which was confirmed with experiments using a HEK-293 expression system and automated patch-clamp. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We developed an in silico-in vitro pipeline that simultaneously identifies pro-arrhythmia risk and mechanism of ion channel-blocking drugs. The approach offers a new tool for evaluating cardiotoxicity during preclinical drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siyu Wei
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySUNY Downstate Medical CenterBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Darshan Kalola
- Computational Biology Summer ProgramWeill Cornell Medicine & Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Trine Krogh‐Madsen
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Institute for Computational BiomedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - David J. Christini
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySUNY Downstate Medical CenterBrooklynNew YorkUSA
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18
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Lee J, Gänswein T, Ulusan H, Emmenegger V, Saguner AM, Duru F, Hierlemann A. Repeated and On-Demand Intracellular Recordings of Cardiomyocytes Derived from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3181-3191. [PMID: 36166837 PMCID: PMC7613763 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds may have cardiotoxic properties, triggering potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. To investigate proarrhythmic effects of drugs, the patch clamp technique has been used as the gold standard for characterizing the electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes in vitro. However, the applicability of this technology for drug screening is limited, as it is complex to use and features low throughput. Recent studies have demonstrated that 3D-nanostructured electrodes enable to obtain intracellular signals from many cardiomyocytes in parallel; however, the tedious electrode fabrication and limited measurement duration still remain major issues for cardiotoxicity testing. Here, we demonstrate how porous Pt-black electrodes, arranged in high-density microelectrode arrays, can be used to record intracellular-like signals of cardiomyocytes at large scale repeatedly over an extended period of time. The developed technique, which yields highly parallelized electroporations using stimulation voltages around 1 V peak-to-peak amplitude, enabled intracellular-like recordings at high success rates without causing significant alteration in key electrophysiological features. In a proof-of-concept study, we investigated electrophysiological modulations induced by two clinically applied drugs, nifedipine and quinidine. As the obtained results were in good agreement with previously published data, we are confident that the developed technique has the potential to be routinely used in in vitro platforms for cardiotoxicity screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lee
- Corresponding Authors Jihyun Lee — Bio Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; ® Phone: +41 (0)61 387 31 28; jihyun.lee@ bsse.ethz.ch; Andreas Hierlemann — Bio Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Phone: +41 (0)61 387 31 50;
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Corresponding Authors Jihyun Lee — Bio Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; ® Phone: +41 (0)61 387 31 28; jihyun.lee@ bsse.ethz.ch; Andreas Hierlemann — Bio Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Phone: +41 (0)61 387 31 50;
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Oguntuyo K, Schuftan D, Guo J, Simmons D, Bhagavan D, Moreno JD, Kang PW, Miller E, Silva JR, Huebsch N. Robust, Automated Analysis of Electrophysiology in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Micro-Heart Muscle for Drug Toxicity. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:457-468. [PMID: 35925789 PMCID: PMC9527045 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs are often removed from clinical trials or market progression owing to their unforeseen effects on cardiac action potential and calcium handling. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and tissues fabricated from these cells are promising as screening tools for early identification of these potential cardiac liabilities. In this study, we describe an automated, open-source MATLAB-based analysis software for calculating cardiac action potentials and calcium transients from fluorescent reporters. We first identified the most robust manner in which to automatically identify the initiation point for action potentials and calcium transients in a user-independent manner, and used this approach to quantify the duration and morphology of these signals. We then demonstrate the software by assessing changes to action potentials and calcium transients in our micro-heart muscles after exposure to hydroxychloroquine, an antimalarial drug with known cardiac liability. Consistent with clinical observations, our system predicted mild action potential prolongation. However, we also observed marked calcium transient suppression, highlighting the advantage of testing multiple physiologic readouts in cardiomyocytes rather than relying on heterologous overexpression of single channels such as the human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel. This open-source software can serve as a useful, high-throughput tool for analyzing cardiomyocyte physiology from fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasoorelope Oguntuyo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - David Schuftan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jingxuan Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel Simmons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Druv Bhagavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Moreno
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Po Wei Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Evan Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nathaniel Huebsch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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20
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Functional human cell-based vascularised cardiac tissue model for biomedical research and testing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13459. [PMID: 35931748 PMCID: PMC9355975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) are widely used in in vitro biomedical research and testing. However, fully matured, adult cardiomyocyte characteristics have not been achieved. To improve the maturity and physiological relevance of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, we co-cultured them with preconstructed vascular-like networks to form a functional, human cell-based cardiac tissue model. The morphology and gene expression profiles indicated advanced maturation in the cardiac tissue model compared to those of a cardiomyocyte monoculture. The cardiac tissue model’s functionality was confirmed by measuring the effects of 32 compounds with multielectrode array and comparing results to human data. Our model predicted the cardiac effects with a predictive accuracy of 91%, sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 100%. The correlation between the effective concentration (EC50) and the reported clinical plasma concentrations was 0.952 (R2 = 0.905). The developed advanced human cell-based cardiac tissue model showed characteristics and functionality of human cardiac tissue enabling accurate transferability of gained in vitro data to human settings. The model is standardized and thus, it would be highly useful in biomedical research and cardiotoxicity testing.
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21
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Song Y, Zheng Z, Lian J. Deciphering Common Long QT Syndrome Using CRISPR/Cas9 in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:889519. [PMID: 35647048 PMCID: PMC9136094 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.889519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
From carrying potentially pathogenic genes to severe clinical phenotypes, the basic research in the inherited cardiac ion channel disease such as long QT syndrome (LQTS) has been a significant challenge in explaining gene-phenotype heterogeneity. These have opened up new pathways following the parallel development and successful application of stem cell and genome editing technologies. Stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and subsequent genome editing have allowed researchers to introduce desired genes into cells in a dish to replicate the disease features of LQTS or replace causative genes to normalize the cellular phenotype. Importantly, this has made it possible to elucidate potential genetic modifiers contributing to clinical heterogeneity and hierarchically manage newly identified variants of uncertain significance (VUS) and more therapeutic options to be tested in vitro. In this paper, we focus on and summarize the recent advanced application of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) combined with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated system 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) in the interpretation for the gene-phenotype relationship of the common LQTS and presence challenges, increasing our understanding of the effects of mutations and the physiopathological mechanisms in the field of cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Song
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
- Yongfei Song
| | - Zequn Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangfang Lian
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22
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Wang H, Wu Y, Zou Q, Yang W, Xu Z, Dong H, Zhu Z, Wang D, Wang T, Hu N, Zhang D. A biosensing system using a multiparameter nonlinear dynamic analysis of cardiomyocyte beating for drug-induced arrhythmia recognition. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:49. [PMID: 35547605 PMCID: PMC9081091 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in humans. Therefore, cardiotoxicity is one of the most important adverse effects assessed by arrhythmia recognition in drug development. Recently, cell-based techniques developed for arrhythmia recognition primarily employ linear methods such as time-domain analysis that detect and compare individual waveforms and thus fall short in some applications that require automated and efficient arrhythmia recognition from large datasets. We carried out the first report to develop a biosensing system that integrated impedance measurement and multiparameter nonlinear dynamic algorithm (MNDA) analysis for drug-induced arrhythmia recognition and classification. The biosensing system cultured cardiomyocytes as physiologically relevant models, used interdigitated electrodes to detect the mechanical beating of the cardiomyocytes, and employed MNDA analysis to recognize drug-induced arrhythmia from the cardiomyocyte beating recording. The best performing MNDA parameter, approximate entropy, enabled the system to recognize the appearance of sertindole- and norepinephrine-induced arrhythmia in the recording. The MNDA reconstruction in phase space enabled the system to classify the different arrhythmias and quantify the severity of arrhythmia. This new biosensing system utilizing MNDA provides a promising and alternative method for drug-induced arrhythmia recognition and classification in cardiological and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yue Wu
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121 China
| | - Quchao Zou
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Department of Chemistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Wenjian Yang
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121 China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121 China
| | - Hao Dong
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121 China
| | - Zhijing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Target and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, School of Computer & Computing Science, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015 China
- School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Depeng Wang
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016 China
| | - Tianxing Wang
- E-LinkCare Meditech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310011 China
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Department of Chemistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 China
| | - Diming Zhang
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Systems, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121 China
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23
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Metabolically driven maturation of human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cardiac microtissues on microfluidic chips. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:372-388. [PMID: 35478228 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The immature physiology of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) limits their utility for drug screening and disease modelling. Here we show that suitable combinations of mechanical stimuli and metabolic cues can enhance the maturation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, and that the maturation-inducing cues have phenotype-dependent effects on the cells' action-potential morphology and calcium handling. By using microfluidic chips that enhanced the alignment and extracellular-matrix production of cardiac microtissues derived from genetically distinct sources of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, we identified fatty-acid-enriched maturation media that improved the cells' mitochondrial structure and calcium handling, and observed divergent cell-source-dependent effects on action-potential duration (APD). Specifically, in the presence of maturation media, tissues with abnormally prolonged APDs exhibited shorter APDs, and tissues with aberrantly short APDs displayed prolonged APDs. Regardless of cell source, tissue maturation reduced variabilities in spontaneous beat rate and in APD, and led to converging cell phenotypes (with APDs within the 300-450 ms range characteristic of human left ventricular cardiomyocytes) that improved the modelling of the effects of pro-arrhythmic drugs on cardiac tissue.
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24
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Birnbaum F, Eguchi A, Pardon G, Chang ACY, Blau HM. Tamoxifen treatment ameliorates contractile dysfunction of Duchenne muscular dystrophy stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes on bioengineered substrates. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:19. [PMID: 35304486 PMCID: PMC8933505 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive genetic myopathy that leads to heart failure from dilated cardiomyopathy by early adulthood. Recent evidence suggests that tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator widely used to treat breast cancer, ameliorates DMD cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism of action of 4-hydroxytamoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, on cardiomyocyte function remains unclear. To examine the effects of chronic 4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment, we used state-of-the-art human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and a bioengineered platform to model DMD. We assessed the beating rate and beating velocity of iPSC-CMs in monolayers and as single cells on micropatterns that promote a physiological cardiomyocyte morphology. We found that 4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment of DMD iPSC-CMs decreased beating rate, increased beating velocity, and ameliorated calcium-handling deficits, leading to prolonged viability. Our study highlights the utility of a bioengineered iPSC-CM platform for drug testing and underscores the potential of repurposing tamoxifen as a therapy for DMD cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foster Birnbaum
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Asuka Eguchi
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gaspard Pardon
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alex C Y Chang
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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25
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Béland J, Duverger JE, Comtois P. Novel Analysis Method for Beating Cells Videomicroscopy Data: Functional Characterization of Culture Samples. Front Physiol 2022; 13:733706. [PMID: 35242049 PMCID: PMC8886216 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.733706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell culture of cardiac tissue analog is becoming increasingly interesting for regenerative medicine (cell therapy and tissue engineering) and is widely used for high throughput cardiotoxicity. As a cost-effective approach to rapidly discard new compounds with high toxicity risks, cardiotoxicity evaluation is firstly done in vitro requiring cells/tissue with physiological/pathological characteristics (close to in vivo properties). Studying multicellular electrophysiological and contractile properties is needed to assess drug effects. Techniques favoring process automation which could help in simplifying screening drug candidates are thus of central importance. A lot of effort has been made to ameliorate in vitro models including several in vitro platforms for engineering neonatal rat cardiac tissues. However, most of the initial evaluation is done by studying the rate of activity. In this study, we present new approaches that use the videomicroscopy video of monolayer activity to study contractile properties of beating cells in culture. Two new variables are proposed which are linked to the contraction dynamics and are dependent on the rhythm of activity. Methods for evaluation of regional synchronicity within the image field of view are also presented that can rapidly determine regions with abnormal activity or heterogeneity in contraction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Béland
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James Elber Duverger
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Comtois
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Philippe Comtois,
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26
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Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell as a Disease Modeling and Drug Development Platform-A Cardiac Perspective. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123483. [PMID: 34943991 PMCID: PMC8699880 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology and cellular responses to drugs in human heart disease is limited by species differences between humans and experimental animals. In addition, isolation of human cardiomyocytes (CMs) is complicated because cells obtained by biopsy do not proliferate to provide sufficient numbers of cells for preclinical studies in vitro. Interestingly, the discovery of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) has opened up the possibility of generating and studying heart disease in a culture dish. The combination of reprogramming and genome editing technologies to generate a broad spectrum of human heart diseases in vitro offers a great opportunity to elucidate gene function and mechanisms. However, to exploit the potential applications of hiPSC-derived-CMs for drug testing and studying adult-onset cardiac disease, a full functional characterization of maturation and metabolic traits is required. In this review, we focus on methods to reprogram somatic cells into hiPSC and the solutions for overcome immaturity of the hiPSC-derived-CMs to mimic the structure and physiological properties of the adult human CMs to accurately model disease and test drug safety. Finally, we discuss how to improve the culture, differentiation, and purification of CMs to obtain sufficient numbers of desired types of hiPSC-derived-CMs for disease modeling and drug development platform.
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27
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Soepriatna AH, Kim TY, Daley MC, Song E, Choi BR, Coulombe KLK. Human Atrial Cardiac Microtissues for Chamber-Specific Arrhythmic Risk Assessment. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 14:441-457. [PMID: 34777603 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent disorder of electrical conduction, the mechanisms behind atrial arrhythmias remain elusive. To address this challenge, we developed a robust in vitro model of 3D atrial microtissue from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes and evaluated chamber-specific chemical responses experimentally and computationally. Methods We differentiated atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes (aCMs/vCMs) from GCaMP6f-expressing hiPSCs and assessed spontaneous AP activity using fluorescence imaging. Self-assembling 3D microtissues were formed with lactate purified CMs and 5% human cardiac fibroblasts and electrically stimulated for one week before high resolution action potential (AP) optical mapping. AP responses to the atrial-specific potassium repolarizing current I Kur-blocker 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) and funny current I f-blocker Ivabradine were characterized within their therapeutic window. Finally, we expanded upon a published hiPSC-CM computational model by incorporating the atrial-specific I Kur current, modifying ion channel conductances to match the AP waveforms of our microtissues, and employing the updated model to reinforce our experimental findings. Results High purity CMs (> 75% cTnT+) demonstrated subtype specification by MLC2v expression. Spontaneous beating rates significantly decreased following 3D microtissue formation, with atrial microtissues characterized by their faster spontaneous beating rate, slower AP rise time, and shorter AP duration (APD) compared to ventricular microtissues. We measured atrial-specific responses, including dose-dependent APD prolongation with 4-AP treatment and dose-dependent reduction in spontaneous activity post-Ivabradine treatment. Conclusion The presented in vitro platform for screening atrial-specific responses is both robust and sensitive, with high throughput, enabling studies focused at elucidating the mechanisms underlying atrial arrhythmias. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-021-00703-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvin H Soepriatna
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Mark C Daley
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Elena Song
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Bum-Rak Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Kareen L K Coulombe
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
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28
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Huang MF, Pang LK, Chen YH, Zhao R, Lee DF. Cardiotoxicity of Antineoplastic Therapies and Applications of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2021; 10:2823. [PMID: 34831045 PMCID: PMC8616116 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic landscape for the treatment of cancer has evolved significantly in recent decades, aided by the development of effective oncology drugs. However, many cancer drugs are often poorly tolerated by the body and in particular the cardiovascular system, causing adverse and sometimes fatal side effects that negate the chemotherapeutic benefits. The prevalence and severity of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity warrants a deeper investigation of the mechanisms and implicating factors in this phenomenon, and a consolidation of scientific efforts to develop mitigating strategies. Aiding these efforts is the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in recent years, which has allowed for the generation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs): a human-based, patient-derived, and genetically variable platform that can be applied to the study of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and beyond. After surveying chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and the associated chemotherapeutic agents, we discuss the use of iPSC-CMs in cardiotoxicity modeling, drug screening, and other potential applications. Improvements to the iPSC-CM platform, such as the development of more adult-like cardiomyocytes and ongoing advances in biotechnology, will only enhance the utility of iPSC-CMs in both basic science and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Fan Huang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.-F.H.); (L.K.P.)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lon Kai Pang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.-F.H.); (L.K.P.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Ruiying Zhao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.-F.H.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.-F.H.); (L.K.P.)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
It has been nearly 15 years since the discovery of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). During this time, differentiation methods to targeted cells have dramatically improved, and many types of cells in the human body can be currently generated at high efficiency. In the cardiovascular field, the ability to generate human cardiomyocytes in vitro with the same genetic background as patients has provided a great opportunity to investigate human cardiovascular diseases at the cellular level to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the diseases and discover potential therapeutics. Additionally, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes have provided a powerful platform to study drug-induced cardiotoxicity and identify patients at high risk for the cardiotoxicity; thus, accelerating personalized precision medicine. Moreover, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes can be sources for cardiac cell therapy. Here, we review these achievements and discuss potential improvements for the future application of iPSC technology in cardiovascular diseases.
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30
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Cell Transdifferentiation and Reprogramming in Disease Modeling: Insights into the Neuronal and Cardiac Disease Models and Current Translational Strategies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102558. [PMID: 34685537 PMCID: PMC8533873 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transdifferentiation and reprogramming approaches in recent times have enabled the manipulation of cell fate by enrolling exogenous/artificial controls. The chemical/small molecule and regulatory components of transcription machinery serve as potential tools to execute cell transdifferentiation and have thereby uncovered new avenues for disease modeling and drug discovery. At the advanced stage, one can believe these methods can pave the way to develop efficient and sensitive gene therapy and regenerative medicine approaches. As we are beginning to learn about the utility of cell transdifferentiation and reprogramming, speculations about its applications in translational therapeutics are being largely anticipated. Although clinicians and researchers are endeavoring to scale these processes, we lack a comprehensive understanding of their mechanism(s), and the promises these offer for targeted and personalized therapeutics are scarce. In the present report, we endeavored to provide a detailed review of the original concept, methods and modalities enrolled in the field of cellular transdifferentiation and reprogramming. A special focus is given to the neuronal and cardiac systems/diseases towards scaling their utility in disease modeling and drug discovery.
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31
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Gholami S, Mazidi Z, Pahlavan S, Moslem F, Hosseini M, Taei A, Hesaraki M, Barekat M, Aghdami N, Baharvand H. A Novel Insight into Endothelial and Cardiac Cells Phenotype in Systemic Sclerosis Using Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:273-287. [PMID: 34308570 PMCID: PMC8286459 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease associated with vascular damage and multi organ
fibrotic changes with unknown pathogenesis. Most SSc patients suffer from defective angiogenesis/vasculogenesis
and cardiac conditions leading to high mortality rates. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular phenotype of SSc by
cardiogenic differentiation of SSc induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC).
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we generated iPSC from two diffuse SSc patients, followed by
successful differentiation into endothelial cells (ECs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs).
Results SSc-derived EC (SSc-EC) expressed KDR, a nearly EC marker, similar to healthy control-EC (C1-EC). After
sorting and culturing KDR+ cells, the resulting EC expressed CD31, a late endothelial marker, but vascular endothelial
(VE)-cadherin expression markedly dropped resulting in a functional defect as reflected in tube formation failure of
SSc-EC. Interestingly, upregulation of SNAI1 (snail family transcriptional repressor 1) was observed in SSc-EC which
might underlie VE-cadherin downregulation. Furthermore, SSc-derived CM (SSc-CM) successfully expressed cardiac-
specific markers including ion channels, resulting in normal physiological behavior and responsiveness to cardioactive
drugs.
Conclusion This study provides an insight into impaired angiogenesis observed in SSc patients by evaluating in vitro
cardiovascular differentiation of SSc iPSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Gholami
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mazidi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Moslem
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahya Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adeleh Taei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hesaraki
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Barekat
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
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32
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3D bioprinted and integrated platforms for cardiac tissue modeling and drug testing. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:545-554. [PMID: 34269790 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in biofabrication techniques, including 3D bioprinting, have allowed for the fabrication of cardiac models that are similar to the human heart in terms of their structure (e.g., volumetric scale and anatomy) and function (e.g., contractile and electrical properties). The importance of developing techniques for assessing the characteristics of 3D cardiac substitutes in real time without damaging their structures has also been emphasized. In particular, the heart has two primary mechanisms for transporting blood through the body: contractility and an electrical system based on intra and extracellular calcium ion exchange. This review introduces recent trends in 3D bioprinted cardiac tissues and the measurement of their structural, contractile, and electrical properties in real time. Cardiac models have also been regarded as alternatives to animal models as drug-testing platforms. Thus, perspectives on the convergence of 3D bioprinted cardiac tissues and their assessment for use in drug development are also presented.
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Aghasafari P, Yang PC, Kernik DC, Sakamoto K, Kanda Y, Kurokawa J, Vorobyov I, Clancy CE. A deep learning algorithm to translate and classify cardiac electrophysiology. eLife 2021; 10:68335. [PMID: 34212860 PMCID: PMC8282335 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) has been a critical in vitro advance in the study of patient-specific physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. We designed a new deep learning multitask network approach intended to address the low throughput, high variability, and immature phenotype of the iPSC-CM platform. The rationale for combining translation and classification tasks is because the most likely application of the deep learning technology we describe here is to translate iPSC-CMs following application of a perturbation. The deep learning network was trained using simulated action potential (AP) data and applied to classify cells into the drug-free and drugged categories and to predict the impact of electrophysiological perturbation across the continuum of aging from the immature iPSC-CMs to the adult ventricular myocytes. The phase of the AP extremely sensitive to perturbation due to a steep rise of the membrane resistance was found to contain the key information required for successful network multitasking. We also demonstrated successful translation of both experimental and simulated iPSC-CM AP data validating our network by prediction of experimental drug-induced effects on adult cardiomyocyte APs by the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Aghasafari
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Pei-Chi Yang
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Divya C Kernik
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, United States
| | - Kazuho Sakamoto
- Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kanda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junko Kurokawa
- Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Igor Vorobyov
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Colleen E Clancy
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
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34
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Andrysiak K, Stępniewski J, Dulak J. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, 3D cardiac structures, and heart-on-a-chip as tools for drug research. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1061-1085. [PMID: 33629131 PMCID: PMC8245367 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of new drugs is of high interest for the field of cardiac and cardiovascular diseases, which are a dominant cause of death worldwide. Before being allowed to be used and distributed, every new potentially therapeutic compound must be strictly validated during preclinical and clinical trials. The preclinical studies usually involve the in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Due to the increasing reporting of discrepancy in drug effects in animal and humans and the requirement to reduce the number of animals used in research, improvement of in vitro models based on human cells is indispensable. Primary cardiac cells are difficult to access and maintain in cell culture for extensive experiments; therefore, the human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) became an excellent alternative. This technology enables a production of high number of patient- and disease-specific cardiomyocytes and other cardiac cell types for a large-scale research. The drug effects can be extensively evaluated in the context of electrophysiological responses with a use of well-established tools, such as multielectrode array (MEA), patch clamp, or calcium ion oscillation measurements. Cardiotoxicity, which is a common reason for withdrawing drugs from marketing or rejection at final stages of clinical trials, can be easily verified with a use of hiPSC-CM model providing a prediction of human-specific responses and higher safety of clinical trials involving patient cohort. Abovementioned studies can be performed using two-dimensional cell culture providing a high-throughput and relatively lower costs. On the other hand, more complex structures, such as engineered heart tissue, organoids, or spheroids, frequently applied as co-culture systems, represent more physiological conditions and higher maturation rate of hiPSC-derived cells. Furthermore, heart-on-a-chip technology has recently become an increasingly popular tool, as it implements controllable culture conditions, application of various stimulations and continuous parameters read-out. This paper is an overview of possible use of cardiomyocytes and other cardiac cell types derived from hiPSC as in vitro models of heart in drug research area prepared on the basis of latest scientific reports and providing thorough discussion regarding their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Andrysiak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Stępniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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35
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Arslanova A, Shafaattalab S, Lin E, Barszczewski T, Hove-Madsen L, Tibbits GF. Investigating inherited arrhythmias using hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Methods 2021; 203:542-557. [PMID: 34197925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental to the functional behavior of cardiac muscle is that the cardiomyocytes are integrated as a functional syncytium. Disrupted electrical activity in the cardiac tissue can lead to serious complications including cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is important to study electrophysiological properties of the cardiac tissue. With advancements in stem cell research, protocols for the production of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have been established, providing great potential in modelling cardiac arrhythmias and drug testing. The hiPSC-CM model can be used in conjunction with electrophysiology-based platforms to examine the electrical activity of the cardiac tissue. Techniques for determining the myocardial electrical activity include multielectrode arrays (MEAs), optical mapping (OM), and patch clamping. These techniques provide critical approaches to investigate cardiac electrical abnormalities that underlie arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Arslanova
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser, University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z4H4, Canada
| | - Sanam Shafaattalab
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser, University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z4H4, Canada
| | - Eric Lin
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser, University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Tiffany Barszczewski
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser, University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z4H4, Canada
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, IIBB-CSIC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona 08041, Spain; CIBERCV, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona 08041, Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser, University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; hiPSC-CM Research Team, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z4H4, Canada; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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36
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A predictive in vitro risk assessment platform for pro-arrhythmic toxicity using human 3D cardiac microtissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10228. [PMID: 33986332 PMCID: PMC8119415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity of pharmaceutical drugs, industrial chemicals, and environmental toxicants can be severe, even life threatening, which necessitates a thorough evaluation of the human response to chemical compounds. Predicting risks for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death accurately is critical for defining safety profiles. Currently available approaches have limitations including a focus on single select ion channels, the use of non-human species in vitro and in vivo, and limited direct physiological translation. We have advanced the robustness and reproducibility of in vitro platforms for assessing pro-arrhythmic cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and human cardiac fibroblasts in 3-dimensional microtissues. Using automated algorithms and statistical analyses of eight comprehensive evaluation metrics of cardiac action potentials, we demonstrate that tissue-engineered human cardiac microtissues respond appropriately to physiological stimuli and effectively differentiate between high-risk and low-risk compounds exhibiting blockade of the hERG channel (E4031 and ranolazine, respectively). Further, we show that the environmental endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol-A (BPA) causes acute and sensitive disruption of human action potentials in the nanomolar range. Thus, this novel human 3D in vitro pro-arrhythmic risk assessment platform addresses critical needs in cardiotoxicity testing for both environmental and pharmaceutical compounds and can be leveraged to establish safe human exposure levels.
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37
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Chang Y, Li YN, Bai R, Wu F, Ma S, Saleem A, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Dong T, Guo T, Hang C, Lu WJ, Jiang H, Lan F. hERG-deficient human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for modelling QT prolongation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:278. [PMID: 33962658 PMCID: PMC8103639 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2) is a common malignant hereditary arrhythmia. Due to the lack of suitable animal and human models, the pathogenesis of LQT2 caused by human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) deficiency is still unclear. In this study, we generated an hERG-deficient human cardiomyocyte (CM) model that simulates ‘human homozygous hERG mutations’ to explore the underlying impact of hERG dysfunction and the genotype–phenotype relationship of hERG deficiency. Methods The KCNH2 was knocked out in the human embryonic stem cell (hESC) H9 line using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Using a chemically defined differentiation protocol, we obtained and verified hERG-deficient CMs. Subsequently, high-throughput microelectrode array (MEA) assays and drug interventions were performed to characterise the electrophysiological signatures of hERG-deficient cell lines. Results Our results showed that KCNH2 knockout did not affect the pluripotency or differentiation efficiency of H9 cells. Using high-throughput MEA assays, we found that the electric field potential duration and action potential duration of hERG-deficient CMs were significantly longer than those of normal CMs. The hERG-deficient lines also exhibited irregular rhythm and some early afterdepolarisations. Moreover, we used the hERG-deficient human CM model to evaluate the potency of agents (nifedipine and magnesium chloride) that may ameliorate the phenotype. Conclusions We established an hERG-deficient human CM model that exhibited QT prolongation, irregular rhythm and sensitivity to other ion channel blockers. This model serves as an important tool that can aid in understanding the fundamental impact of hERG dysfunction, elucidate the genotype–phenotype relationship of hERG deficiency and facilitate drug development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02346-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fujian Wu
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuhong Ma
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Amina Saleem
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Siyao Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Youxu Jiang
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tao Dong
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tianwei Guo
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chengwen Hang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wen-Jing Lu
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Feng Lan
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Research Institute Building, Room 323, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Key Laboratory of Application of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Heart Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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38
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Micheu MM, Rosca AM. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells as “disease-in-a-dish” models for inherited cardiomyopathies and channelopathies – 15 years of research. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:281-303. [PMID: 33959219 PMCID: PMC8080539 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among inherited cardiac conditions, a special place is kept by cardiomyopathies (CMPs) and channelopathies (CNPs), which pose a substantial healthcare burden due to the complexity of the therapeutic management and cause early mortality. Like other inherited cardiac conditions, genetic CMPs and CNPs exhibit incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity even within carriers of the same pathogenic deoxyribonucleic acid variant, challenging our understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Until recently, the lack of accurate physiological preclinical models hindered the investigation of fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, along with advances in gene editing, offered unprecedented opportunities to explore hereditary CMPs and CNPs. Hallmark features of iPSCs include the ability to differentiate into unlimited numbers of cells from any of the three germ layers, genetic identity with the subject from whom they were derived, and ease of gene editing, all of which were used to generate “disease-in-a-dish” models of monogenic cardiac conditions. Functionally, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes that faithfully recapitulate the patient-specific phenotype, allowed the study of disease mechanisms in an individual-/allele-specific manner, as well as the customization of therapeutic regimen. This review provides a synopsis of the most important iPSC-based models of CMPs and CNPs and the potential use for modeling disease mechanisms, personalized therapy and deoxyribonucleic acid variant functional annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest 014452, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Rosca
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest 050568, Romania
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39
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Eroglu TE, Jia L, Blom MT, Verkerk AO, Devalla HD, Boink GJJ, Souverein PC, de Boer A, Tan HL. Sulfonylurea antidiabetics are associated with lower risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Real-world data from a population-based study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 87:3588-3598. [PMID: 33896015 PMCID: PMC8453495 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) mostly results from ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF), often triggered by acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Sulfonylurea (SU) antidiabetics can block myocardial ATP‐regulated K+ channels (KATP channels), activated during AMI, thereby modulating action potential duration (APD). We studied whether SU drugs impact on OHCA risk, and whether these effects are related to APD changes. Methods We conducted a population‐based case–control study in 219 VT/VF‐documented OHCA cases with diabetes and 697 non‐OHCA controls with diabetes. We studied the association of SU drugs (alone or in combination with metformin) with OHCA risk compared to metformin monotherapy, and of individual SU drugs compared to glimepiride, using multivariable logistic regression analysis. We studied the effects of these drugs on APD during simulated ischaemia using patch‐clamp studies in human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes. Results Compared to metformin, use of SU drugs alone or in combination with metformin was associated with reduced OHCA risk (ORSUdrugs‐alone 0.6 [95% CI 0.4–0.9], ORSUdrugs + metformin 0.6 [95% CI 0.4–0.9]). We found no differences in OHCA risk between SU drug users who suffered OHCA inside or outside the context of AMI. Reduction of OHCA risk compared to glimepiride was found with gliclazide (ORadj 0.5 [95% CI 0.3–0.9]), but not glibenclamide (ORadj 1.3 [95% CI 0.6–2.7]); for tolbutamide, the association with reduced OHCA risk just failed to reach statistical significance (ORadj 0.6 [95% CI 0.3–1.002]). Glibenclamide attenuated simulated ischaemia‐induced APD shortening, while the other SU drugs had no effect. Conclusions SU drugs were associated with reduced OHCA risk compared to metformin monotherapy, with gliclazide having a lower risk than glimepiride. The differential effects of SU drugs are not explained by differential effects on APD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talip E Eroglu
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lixia Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke T Blom
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie O Verkerk
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harsha D Devalla
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J J Boink
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C Souverein
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthonius de Boer
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno L Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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40
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Fritsche E, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Kapr J, Galanjuk S, Hartmann J, Mertens PR, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Tigges J, Koch K. Stem Cells for Next Level Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006252. [PMID: 33354870 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The call for a paradigm change in toxicology from the United States National Research Council in 2007 initiates awareness for the invention and use of human-relevant alternative methods for toxicological hazard assessment. Simple 2D in vitro systems may serve as first screening tools, however, recent developments infer the need for more complex, multicellular organotypic models, which are superior in mimicking the complexity of human organs. In this review article most critical organs for toxicity assessment, i.e., skin, brain, thyroid system, lung, heart, liver, kidney, and intestine are discussed with regards to their functions in health and disease. Embracing the manifold modes-of-action how xenobiotic compounds can interfere with physiological organ functions and cause toxicity, the need for translation of such multifaceted organ features into the dish seems obvious. Currently used in vitro methods for toxicological applications and ongoing developments not yet arrived in toxicity testing are discussed, especially highlighting the potential of models based on embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells of human origin. Finally, the application of innovative technologies like organs-on-a-chip and genome editing point toward a toxicological paradigm change moves into action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Fritsche
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | | | - Julia Kapr
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Saskia Galanjuk
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Julia Hartmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Angela A M Kämpfer
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Julia Tigges
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Katharina Koch
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
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41
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Burnett SD, Blanchette AD, Chiu WA, Rusyn I. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes as an in vitro model in toxicology: strengths and weaknesses for hazard identification and risk characterization. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:887-902. [PMID: 33612039 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1894122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes is one of the most widely used cell-based models that resulted from the discovery of how non-embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into multiple cell types. In just one decade, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes went from a research lab to widespread use in biomedical research and preclinical safety evaluation for drugs and other chemicals. AREAS COVERED This manuscript reviews data on toxicology applications of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. We detail the outcome of a systematic literature search on their use (i) in hazard assessment for cardiotoxicity liabilities, (ii) for risk characterization, (iii) as models for population variability, and (iv) in studies of personalized medicine and disease. EXPERT OPINION iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes are useful to increase the accuracy, precision, and efficiency of cardiotoxicity hazard identification for both drugs and non-pharmaceuticals, with recent efforts beginning to demonstrate their utility for risk characterization. Notable limitations include the needs to improve the maturation of cells in culture, to better understand their potential use identifying structural cardiotoxicity, and for additional case studies involving population-wide and disease-specific risk characterization. Ultimately, the greatest future benefits are likely for non-pharmaceutical chemicals, filling a critical gap where no routine testing for cardiotoxicity is currently performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Burnett
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Alexander D Blanchette
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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42
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Iachetta G, Colistra N, Melle G, Deleye L, Tantussi F, De Angelis F, Dipalo M. Improving reliability and reducing costs of cardiotoxicity assessments using laser-induced cell poration on microelectrode arrays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 418:115480. [PMID: 33689843 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a major barrier to drug development and a main cause of withdrawal of marketed drugs. Drugs can strongly alter the spontaneous functioning of the heart by interacting with the cardiac membrane ion channels. If these effects only surface during in vivo preclinical tests, clinical trials or worse after commercialization, the societal and economic burden will be significant and seriously hinder the efficient drug development process. Hence, cardiac safety pharmacology requires in vitro electrophysiological screening assays of all drug candidates to predict cardiotoxic effects before clinical trials. In the past 10 years, microelectrode array (MEA) technology began to be considered a valuable approach in pharmaceutical applications. However, an effective tool for high-throughput intracellular measurements, compatible with pharmaceutical standards, is not yet available. Here, we propose laser-induced optoacoustic poration combined with CMOS-MEA technology as a reliable and effective platform to detect cardiotoxicity. This approach enables the acquisition of high-quality action potential recordings from large numbers of cardiomyocytes within the same culture well, providing reliable data using single-well MEA devices and single cardiac syncytia per each drug. Thus, this technology could be applied in drug safety screening platforms reducing times and costs of cardiotoxicity assessments, while simultaneously improving the data reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolò Colistra
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Melle
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Lieselot Deleye
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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43
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Precision medicine in human heart modeling : Perspectives, challenges, and opportunities. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:803-831. [PMID: 33580313 PMCID: PMC8154814 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine is a new frontier in healthcare that uses scientific methods to customize medical treatment to the individual genes, anatomy, physiology, and lifestyle of each person. In cardiovascular health, precision medicine has emerged as a promising paradigm to enable cost-effective solutions that improve quality of life and reduce mortality rates. However, the exact role in precision medicine for human heart modeling has not yet been fully explored. Here, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for personalized human heart simulations, from diagnosis to device design, treatment planning, and prognosis. With a view toward personalization, we map out the history of anatomic, physical, and constitutive human heart models throughout the past three decades. We illustrate recent human heart modeling in electrophysiology, cardiac mechanics, and fluid dynamics and highlight clinically relevant applications of these models for drug development, pacing lead failure, heart failure, ventricular assist devices, edge-to-edge repair, and annuloplasty. With a view toward translational medicine, we provide a clinical perspective on virtual imaging trials and a regulatory perspective on medical device innovation. We show that precision medicine in human heart modeling does not necessarily require a fully personalized, high-resolution whole heart model with an entire personalized medical history. Instead, we advocate for creating personalized models out of population-based libraries with geometric, biological, physical, and clinical information by morphing between clinical data and medical histories from cohorts of patients using machine learning. We anticipate that this perspective will shape the path toward introducing human heart simulations into precision medicine with the ultimate goals to facilitate clinical decision making, guide treatment planning, and accelerate device design.
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44
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Visone R, Ugolini GS, Cruz-Moreira D, Marzorati S, Piazza S, Pesenti E, Redaelli A, Moretti M, Occhetta P, Rasponi M. Micro-electrode channel guide (µECG) technology: an online method for continuous electrical recording in a human beating heart-on-chip. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33561845 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abe4c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac toxicity still represents a common adverse outcome causing drug attrition and post-marketing withdrawal. The development of relevant in vitro models resembling the human heart recently opened the path towards a more accurate detection of drug-induced human cardiac toxicity early in the drug development process. Organs-on-chip (OoC) have been proposed as promising tools to recapitulate in vitro the key aspects of the in vivo cardiac physiology and to provide a means to directly analyze functional readouts. In this scenario, a new device capable of continuous monitoring of electrophysiological signals from functional in vitro human hearts-on-chip is here presented. The development of cardiac microtissues was achieved through a recently published method to control the mechanical environment, while the introduction of a technology consisting in micro-electrode coaxial guides (µECG) allowed to conduct direct and non-destructive electrophysiology studies. The generated human cardiac microtissues exhibited synchronous spontaneous beating, as demonstrated by multi-point and continuous acquisition of cardiac field potential, and expression of relevant genes encoding for cardiac ion-channels. A proof-of-concept pharmacological validation on 3 drugs proved the proposed model to potentially be a powerful tool to evaluate functional cardiac toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Visone
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Giovanni Stefano Ugolini
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Daniela Cruz-Moreira
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Simona Marzorati
- Translational Medicine, Accelera Srl, via Pasteur, Nerviano, Nerviano, MI, 20100, ITALY
| | - Stefano Piazza
- BiomimX Srl, Via Giovanni Durando 38/A, Milan, 20158, ITALY
| | | | - Alberto Redaelli
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, via R Galeazzi 4, Milan, 20161, ITALY
| | - Paola Occhetta
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Marco Rasponi
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
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45
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Fan J, Li H, Xie R, Zhang X, Nie X, Shi X, Zhan J, Yin Z, Zhao Y, Dai B, Yuan S, Wen Z, Chen C, Wang DW. LncRNA ZNF593-AS Alleviates Contractile Dysfunction in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2021; 128:1708-1723. [PMID: 33550812 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Rong Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (X.S.)
| | - Jiabing Zhan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Beibei Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.).,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (J.F., H.L., R.X., X.Z., X.N., J.Z., Z.Y., Y.Z., B.D., S.Y., Z.W., C.C., D.W.W.)
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46
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Prajapati C, Ojala M, Lappi H, Aalto-Setälä K, Pekkanen-Mattila M. Electrophysiological evaluation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes obtained by different methods. Stem Cell Res 2021; 51:102176. [PMID: 33485184 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) (hiPSC-CMs) retain the same genetic information as the donor, and they have been shown to faithfully recapitulate the disease phenotypes of various genetic cardiac diseases. The hiPSC-CMs can be utilized in multiple types of studies and in most cases, the functionality of hiPSC-CMs is of interest. For the functional analyses, the hiPSC-CMs need to be manipulated after differentiation, e.g. enriched or dissociated into single-cell stage. For the functional assessments to be reliable and reproducible, the cell culture environment should support the cells in an optimal manner. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of various differentiation methods, as well as coating materials used for the dissociated cells on the functionality of the differentiated hiPSC-CMs. The different protocols not only had different differentiation efficiencies, but they also yielded functionally different hiPSC-CMs. Additionally, the coating material had a major effect on the functionality of the hiPSC-CMs. The results of the present study emphasize that the cardiac differentiation method and the coating material have a major effect on hiPS-CMs' characteristics. Thus, when different hiPSC lines and results obtained in different labs are compared, extra care should be taken to check the conditions when results are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Prajapati
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Marisa Ojala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Henna Lappi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Mari Pekkanen-Mattila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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47
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Microelectrode Arrays: A Valuable Tool to Analyze Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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48
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Wei X, Zhuang L, Li H, He C, Wan H, Hu N, Wang P. Advances in Multidimensional Cardiac Biosensing Technologies: From Electrophysiology to Mechanical Motion and Contractile Force. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2005828. [PMID: 33230867 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is currently a leading killer to human, while drug-induced cardiotoxicity remains the main cause of the withdrawal and attrition of drugs. Taking clinical correlation and throughput into account, cardiomyocyte is perfect as in vitro cardiac model for heart disease modeling, drug discovery, and cardiotoxicity assessment by accurately measuring the physiological multiparameters of cardiomyocytes. Remarkably, cardiomyocytes present both electrophysiological and biomechanical characteristics due to the unique excitation-contraction coupling, which plays a significant role in studying the cardiomyocytes. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances of biosensing technologies for the 2D and 3D cardiac models with three special properties: electrophysiology, mechanical motion, and contractile force. These high-performance multidimensional cardiac models are popular and effective to rebuild and mimic the heart in vitro. To help understand the high-quality and accurate physiologies, related detection techniques are highly demanded, from microtechnology to nanotechnology, from extracellular to intracellular recording, from multiple cells to single cell, and from planar to 3D models. Furthermore, the characteristics, advantages, limitations, and applications of these cardiac biosensing technologies, as well as the future development prospects should contribute to the systematization and expansion of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuanjiang He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
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49
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Abulaiti M, Yalikun Y, Murata K, Sato A, Sami MM, Sasaki Y, Fujiwara Y, Minatoya K, Shiba Y, Tanaka Y, Masumoto H. Establishment of a heart-on-a-chip microdevice based on human iPS cells for the evaluation of human heart tissue function. Sci Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1201/9781420010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1419] [Impact Index Per Article: 354.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Human iPS cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) hold promise for drug discovery for heart diseases and cardiac toxicity tests. To utilize human iPSC-derived CMs, the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) heart tissues from iPSC-derived CMs and other heart cells, and a sensitive bioassay system to depict physiological heart function are anticipated. We have developed a heart-on-a-chip microdevice (HMD) as a novel system consisting of dynamic culture-based 3D cardiac microtissues derived from human iPSCs and microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based microfluidic chips. The HMDs could visualize the kinetics of cardiac microtissue pulsations by monitoring particle displacement, which enabled us to quantify the physiological parameters, including fluidic output, pressure, and force. The HMDs demonstrated a strong correlation between particle displacement and the frequency of external electrical stimulation. The transition patterns were validated by a previously reported versatile video-based system to evaluate contractile function. The patterns are also consistent with oscillations of intracellular calcium ion concentration of CMs, which is a fundamental biological component of CM contraction. The HMDs showed a pharmacological response to isoproterenol, a β-adrenoceptor agonist, that resulted in a strong correlation between beating rate and particle displacement. Thus, we have validated the basic performance of HMDs as a resource for human iPSC-based pharmacological investigations.
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50
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Abulaiti M, Yalikun Y, Murata K, Sato A, Sami MM, Sasaki Y, Fujiwara Y, Minatoya K, Shiba Y, Tanaka Y, Masumoto H. Establishment of a heart-on-a-chip microdevice based on human iPS cells for the evaluation of human heart tissue function. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19201. [PMID: 33154509 PMCID: PMC7645446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Human iPS cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) hold promise for drug discovery for heart diseases and cardiac toxicity tests. To utilize human iPSC-derived CMs, the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) heart tissues from iPSC-derived CMs and other heart cells, and a sensitive bioassay system to depict physiological heart function are anticipated. We have developed a heart-on-a-chip microdevice (HMD) as a novel system consisting of dynamic culture-based 3D cardiac microtissues derived from human iPSCs and microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based microfluidic chips. The HMDs could visualize the kinetics of cardiac microtissue pulsations by monitoring particle displacement, which enabled us to quantify the physiological parameters, including fluidic output, pressure, and force. The HMDs demonstrated a strong correlation between particle displacement and the frequency of external electrical stimulation. The transition patterns were validated by a previously reported versatile video-based system to evaluate contractile function. The patterns are also consistent with oscillations of intracellular calcium ion concentration of CMs, which is a fundamental biological component of CM contraction. The HMDs showed a pharmacological response to isoproterenol, a β-adrenoceptor agonist, that resulted in a strong correlation between beating rate and particle displacement. Thus, we have validated the basic performance of HMDs as a resource for human iPSC-based pharmacological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosha Abulaiti
- Clinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | - Yaxiaer Yalikun
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | - Kozue Murata
- Clinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.,Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asako Sato
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | - Mustafa M Sami
- Laboratory for Morphogenetic Signaling, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuko Sasaki
- Clinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yasue Fujiwara
- Clinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Department of Regenerative Science and Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Masumoto
- Clinical Translational Research Program, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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