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Amin R, Pandey R, Vaishali K, Acharya V, Sinha MK, Kumar N. Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease: An Exploratory Review on Molecular Mechanisms. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:618-633. [PMID: 37587813 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230816090112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) are characterized by shortness of breath caused by alveolar wall inflammation and/or fibrosis. OBJECTIVE Our review aims to study the depth of various variants of ILD, diagnostic procedures, pathophysiology, molecular dysfunction and regulation, subject and objective assessment techniques, pharmacological intervention, exercise training and various modes of delivery for rehabilitation. METHOD Articles are reviewed from PubMed and Scopus and search engines. RESULTS ILD is a rapidly progressing disease with a high mortality rate. Each variant has its own set of causal agents and expression patterns. Patients often find it challenging to self-manage due to persistent symptoms and a rapid rate of worsening. The present review elaborated on the pathophysiology, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches for ILD will guide future requirements in the quest for innovative and tailored ILD therapies at the molecular and cellular levels. CONCLUSION The review highlights the rationale for conventional and novel therapeutic approaches for better management of ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati Amin
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - K Vaishali
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vishak Acharya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Sinha
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
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Lee J, Kwon J, Jo YJ, Yoon SB, Hyeon JH, Park BJ, You HJ, Youn C, Kim Y, Choi HW, Kim JS. Particulate matter 10 induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in rhesus macaques skin fibroblast. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16589. [PMID: 38130933 PMCID: PMC10734408 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Particulate matter (PM) is a major air pollutant that affects human health worldwide. PM can pass through the skin barrier, thus causing skin diseases such as heat rash, allergic reaction, infection, or inflammation. However, only a few studies have been conducted on the cytotoxic effects of PM exposure on large-scale animals. Therefore, herein, we investigated whether and how PM affects rhesus macaque skin fibroblasts. Methods Rhesus macaque skin fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of PM10 (1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL) and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 h. Then, cell viability assay, TUNEL assay, and qRT-PCR were performed on the treated cells. Further, the reactive oxygen species, glutathione, and cathepsin B levels were determined. The MTT assay revealed that PM10 (>50 μg/mL) proportionately reduced the cell proliferation rate. Results PM10 treatment increased TUNEL-positive cell numbers, following the pro-apoptosis-associated genes (CASP3 and BAX) and tumor suppressor gene TP53 were significantly upregulated. PM10 treatment induced reactive oxidative stress. Cathepsin B intensity was increased, whereas GSH intensity was decreased. The mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT, GPX1 and GPX3) were significantly upregulated. Furthermore, PM10 reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. The mRNA expression of mitochondrial complex genes, such as NDUFA1, NDUFA2, NDUFAC2, NDUFS4, and ATP5H were also significantly upregulated. In conclusion, these results showed that PM10 triggers apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, thus inducing ROS accumulation. These findings provide potential information on the cytotoxic effects of PM10 treatment and help to understand the mechanism of air pollution-induced skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiin Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Hyeon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Jin Park
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Ju You
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsic Youn
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
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Aghaei-Zarch SM, Nia AHS, Nouri M, Mousavinasab F, Najafi S, Bagheri-Mohammadi S, Aghaei-Zarch F, Toolabi A, Rasoulzadeh H, Ghanavi J, Moghadam MN, Talebi M. The impact of particulate matters on apoptosis in various organs: Mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115054. [PMID: 37379642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological air contamination is the non-homogenous suspension of insoluble particles into gas or/and liquid fluids known as particulate matter (PM). It has been discovered that exposure to PM can cause serious cellular defects, followed by tissue damage known as cellular stress. Apoptosis is a homeostatic and regulated phenomenon associated with distinguished physiological actions inclusive of organ and tissue generation, aging, and development. Moreover, it has been proposed that the deregulation of apoptotic performs an active role in the occurrence of many disorders, such as autoimmune disease, neurodegenerative, and malignant, in the human population. Recent studies have shown that PMs mainly modulate multiple signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, including MAPK, PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, NFκB, Endoplasmic Stress, and ATM/P53, leading to apoptosis dysregulation and apoptosis-related pathological conditions. Here, the recently published data concerning the effect of PM on the apoptosis of various organs, with a particular focus on the importance of apoptosis as a component in PM-induced toxicity and human disease development, is carefully discussed. Moreover, the review also highlighted the various therapeutic approaches, including small molecules, miRNA replacement therapy, vitamins, and PDRN, for treating diseases caused by PM toxicity. Notably, researchers have considered medicinal herbs a potential treatment for PM-induced toxicity due to their fewer side effects. So, in the final section, we analyzed the performance of some natural products for inhibition and intervention of apoptosis arising from PM-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Sanjari Nia
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Morteza Nouri
- School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Mousavinasab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Toolabi
- Environmental Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hassan Rasoulzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
| | - Jalaledin Ghanavi
- Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Van Der Stukken C, Nawrot TS, Wang C, Lefebvre W, Vanpoucke C, Plusquin M, Roels HA, Janssen BG, Martens DS. The association between ambient particulate matter exposure and the telomere-mitochondrial axis of aging in newborns. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107695. [PMID: 36574746 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM) is associated with aging markers at birth, including telomeres and mitochondria. It is unclear whether markers of the core-axis of aging, i.e. tumor suppressor p53 (p53) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), are associated with prenatal air pollution and whether there are underlying mechanisms. METHODS 556 mother-newborn pairs from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort were recruited at the East Limburg Hospital in Genk (Belgium). In placenta and cord blood, telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In cord plasma, p53 and PGC-1α protein levels were measured using ELISA. Daily ambient PM2.5 concentrations during gestation were calculated using a spatial temporal interpolation model. Distributed lag models (DLMs) were applied to assess the association between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and each molecular marker. Mediation analysis was performed to test for underlying mechanisms. RESULTS A 5 µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 exposure was associated with -11.23 % (95 % CI: -17.36 % to -4.65 %, p = 0.0012) and -7.34 % (95 % CI: -11.56 % to -2.92 %, p = 0.0014) lower placental TL during the entire pregnancy and second trimester respectively, and with -12.96 % (95 % CI: -18.84 % to -6.64 %, p < 0.001) lower placental mtDNAc during the third trimester. Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 12.42 % (95 % CI: -1.07 % to 27.74 %, p = 0.059) higher cord plasma p53 protein level and a -3.69 % (95 % CI: -6.97 % to -0.31 %, p = 0.033) lower cord plasma PGC-1α protein level during the third trimester. Placental TL mediated 65 % of the negative and 17 % of the positive association between PM2.5 and placental mtDNAc and cord plasma p53 protein levels, respectively. CONCLUSION Ambient PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy is associated with markers of the core-axis of aging, with TL as a mediating factor. This study strengthens the hypothesis of the air pollution induced core-axis of aging, and may unravel a possible underlying mediating mechanism in an early-life epidemiological context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Wouter Lefebvre
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Harry A Roels
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
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Lakhdar R, Mumby S, Abubakar-Waziri H, Porter A, Adcock IM, Chung KF. Lung toxicity of particulates and gaseous pollutants using ex-vivo airway epithelial cell culture systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119323. [PMID: 35447256 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution consists of a multi-faceted mix of gases and ambient particulate matter (PM) with diverse organic and non-organic chemical components that contribute to increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. In particular, epidemiological and clinical studies indicate that respiratory health is adversely affected by exposure to air pollution by both causing and worsening (exacerbating) diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. The molecular mechanisms of air pollution-induced pulmonary toxicity have been evaluated with regards to different types of PM of various sizes and concentrations with single and multiple exposures over different time periods. These data provide a plausible interrelationship between cellular toxicity and the activation of multiple biological processes including proinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, mitochondrial oxidative damage, autophagy, apoptosis, cell genotoxicity, cellular senescence and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, these molecular changes have been studied predominantly in cell lines rather than in primary bronchial or nasal cells from healthy subjects or those isolated from patients with airways disease. In addition, they have been conducted under different cell culture conditions and generally in submerged culture rather than the more relevant air-liquid interface culture and with a variety of air pollutant exposure protocols. Cell types may respond differentially to pollution delivered as an aerosol rather than being bathed in media containing agglomerations of particles. As a result, the actual pathophysiological pathways activated by different PMs in primary cells from the airways of healthy and asthmatic subjects remains unclear. This review summarises the literature on the different methodologies utilised in studying the impact of submicron-sized pollutants on cells derived from the respiratory tract with an emphasis on data obtained from primary human cell. We highlight the critical underlying molecular mechanisms that may be important in driving disease processes in response to air pollution in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Lakhdar
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Sharon Mumby
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Hisham Abubakar-Waziri
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexandra Porter
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
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Ultrafine Diesel Exhaust Particles Induce Apoptosis of Oligodendrocytes by Increasing Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species through NADPH Oxidase Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11051031. [PMID: 35624895 PMCID: PMC9137819 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11051031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are a main contributor to air pollution. Ultrafine DEPs can cause neurodegenerative diseases by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared with other cells in the brain, oligodendrocytes responsible for myelination are more susceptible to oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms underlying ROS generation in oligodendrocytes and the susceptibility of oligodendrocytes to ROS by ultrafine DEPs remain unclear. Herein, we examined the effects of excessive ROS generated by NOX2, an isoform of the NADPH oxidase family, after exposure to ultrafine DEPs (200 μg/mL) on the survival of two types of oligodendrocytes—oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and mature oligodendrocytes (mOLs)––isolated from the brain of neonatal rats. In addition, mice were exposed to ultrafine DEP suspension (20 μL, 0.4 mg/mL) via the nasal route for 1 week, after which the expression of NOX2 and cleaved caspase-3 was examined in the white matter of the cerebellum. Exposure to DEPs significantly increased NOX2 expression and ROS generation in OPCs and mOLs. OPCs and mOLs clearly exhibited viability reduction, and a significant change in p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 expression, after DEP exposure. In contrast, treatment with berberine (BBR), an NOX2 inhibitor, significantly mitigated these effects. In mice exposed to DEP, the presence of NOX2-positive and cleaved caspase-3-positive oligodendrocytes was demonstrated in the cerebellar white matter; NOX2 and cleaved caspase-3 expression in the cerebellum lysates was significantly increased. BBR treatment returned expression of these proteins to control levels. These results demonstrate that the susceptibility of OPCs and mOLs to ultrafine DEPs is, at least in part, caused by excessive ROS produced by NOX2 and the sequential changes in the expression of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. Overall, NOX2 inhibitor enhances the survival of two types of oligodendrocytes.
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Chang JH, Lee YL, Laiman V, Han CL, Jheng YT, Lee KY, Yeh CT, Kuo HP, Chung KF, Heriyanto DS, Hsiao TC, Wu SM, Ho SC, Chuang KJ, Chuang HC. Air pollution-regulated E-cadherin mediates contact inhibition of proliferation via the hippo signaling pathways in emphysema. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 351:109763. [PMID: 34852269 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been linked to emphysema in chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the underlying mechanisms in the development of emphysema due to air pollution remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of components of the Hippo signaling pathway for E-cadherin-mediated contact inhibition of proliferation in the lungs after air pollution exposure. E-Cadherin-mediated contact inhibition of proliferation via the Hippo signaling pathway was investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats whole-body exposed to air pollution, and in alveolar epithelial A549 cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), E-cadherin-knockdown, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) treatment. Underlying epithelial differentiation, apoptosis, and senescence were also examined, and the interaction network among these proteins was examined. COPD lung sections were used to confirm the observations in rats. Expressions of HMGB1 and E-cadherin were negatively regulated in the lungs and A549 cells by air pollution, and this was confirmed by knockdown of E-cadherin and by treating A549 cells with HMGB1. Depletion of phosphorylated (p)-Yap occurred after exposure to air pollution and E-cadherin-knockdown, which resulted in decreases of SPC and T1α. Exposure to air pollution and E-cadherin-knockdown respectively downregulated p-Sirt1 and increased p53 levels in the lungs and in A549 cells. Moreover, the protein interaction network suggested that E-cadherin is a key activator in regulating Sirt1 and p53, as well as alveolar epithelial cell differentiation by SPC and T1α. Consistently, downregulation of E-cadherin, p-Yap, SPC, and T1α was observed in COPD alveolar regions with particulate matter (PM) deposition. In conclusion, our results indicated that E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell contact directly regulates the Hippo signaling pathway to control differentiation, cell proliferation, and senescence due to air pollution. Exposure to air pollution may initiate emphysema in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Laiman
- International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Teng Jheng
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Didik Setyo Heriyanto
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Ho
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhou B, Stueve TR, Mihalakakos EA, Miao L, Mullen D, Wang Y, Liu Y, Luo J, Tran E, Siegmund KD, Lynch SK, Ryan AL, Offringa IA, Borok Z, Marconett CN. Comprehensive epigenomic profiling of human alveolar epithelial differentiation identifies key epigenetic states and transcription factor co-regulatory networks for maintenance of distal lung identity. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:906. [PMID: 34922464 PMCID: PMC8684104 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) differentiation is implicated in distal lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and lung adenocarcinoma that impact morbidity and mortality worldwide. Elucidating underlying disease pathogenesis requires a mechanistic molecular understanding of AEC differentiation. Previous studies have focused on changes of individual transcription factors, and to date no study has comprehensively characterized the dynamic, global epigenomic alterations that facilitate this critical differentiation process in humans. RESULTS We comprehensively profiled the epigenomic states of human AECs during type 2 to type 1-like cell differentiation, including the methylome and chromatin functional domains, and integrated this with transcriptome-wide RNA expression data. Enhancer regions were drastically altered during AEC differentiation. Transcription factor binding analysis within enhancer regions revealed diverse interactive networks with enrichment for many transcription factors, including NKX2-1 and FOXA family members, as well as transcription factors with less well characterized roles in AEC differentiation, such as members of the MEF2, TEAD, and AP1 families. Additionally, associations among transcription factors changed during differentiation, implicating a complex network of heterotrimeric complex switching in driving differentiation. Integration of AEC enhancer states with the catalog of enhancer elements in the Roadmap Epigenomics Mapping Consortium and Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) revealed that AECs have similar epigenomic structures to other profiled epithelial cell types, including human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), with NKX2-1 serving as a distinguishing feature of distal lung differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Enhancer regions are hotspots of epigenomic alteration that regulate AEC differentiation. Furthermore, the differentiation process is regulated by dynamic networks of transcription factors acting in concert, rather than individually. These findings provide a roadmap for understanding the relationship between disruption of the epigenetic state during AEC differentiation and development of lung diseases that may be therapeutically amenable.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - T R Stueve
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - E A Mihalakakos
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - L Miao
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - D Mullen
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - J Luo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - E Tran
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - K D Siegmund
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - S K Lynch
- Department of Engineering, Test Manufacturing Group, MAXIM Integrated Products, Sunnyvale, CA, 95134, USA
| | - A L Ryan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - I A Offringa
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Z Borok
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - C N Marconett
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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9
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Lu RXZ, Radisic M. Organ-on-a-chip platforms for evaluation of environmental nanoparticle toxicity. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2801-2819. [PMID: 33665510 PMCID: PMC7900603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite showing a great promise in the field of nanomedicine, nanoparticles have gained a significant attention from regulatory agencies regarding their possible adverse health effects upon environmental exposure. Whether those nanoparticles are generated through intentional or unintentional means, the constant exposure to nanomaterials can inevitably lead to unintended consequences based on epidemiological data, yet the current understanding of nanotoxicity is insufficient relative to the rate of their emission in the environment and the lack of predictive platforms that mimic the human physiology. This calls for a development of more physiologically relevant models, which permit the comprehensive and systematic examination of toxic properties of nanoparticles. With the advancement in microfabrication techniques, scientists have shifted their focus on the development of an engineered system that acts as an intermediate between a well-plate system and animal models, known as organ-on-a-chips. The ability of organ-on-a-chip models to recapitulate in vivo like microenvironment and responses offers a new avenue for nanotoxicological research. In this review, we aim to provide overview of assessing potential risks of nanoparticle exposure using organ-on-a-chip systems and their potential to delineate biological mechanisms of epidemiological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Xing Ze Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Toronto, ON, Canada
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10
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Air Pollution-An Overlooked Risk Factor for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Clin Med 2020; 10:jcm10010077. [PMID: 33379260 PMCID: PMC7794751 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is a major environmental risk to health and a global public health concern. In 2016, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), ambient air pollution in cities and rural areas was estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths. It is estimated that around 91% of the world’s population lives in places where air pollution exceeds the limits recommended by the WHO. Sources of air pollution are multiple and context-specific. Air pollution exposures are established risk factors for development and adverse health outcomes in many respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or lung cancer. However, possible associations between air pollution and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been adequately studied and air pollution seems to be an underrecognized risk factor for IPF. This narrative review describes potential mechanisms triggered by ambient air pollution and their possible roles in the initiation of the pathogenic process and adverse health effects in IPF. Additionally, we summarize the most current research evidence from the clinical studies supporting links between air pollution and IPF.
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11
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Eaves LA, Nguyen HT, Rager JE, Sexton KG, Howard T, Smeester L, Freedman AN, Aagaard KM, Shope C, Lefer B, Flynn JH, Erickson MH, Fry RC, Vizuete W. Identifying the Transcriptional Response of Cancer and Inflammation-Related Genes in Lung Cells in Relation to Ambient Air Chemical Mixtures in Houston, Texas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13807-13816. [PMID: 33064461 PMCID: PMC7757424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution represents a complex mixture of air chemicals that continually interact and transform, making it difficult to accurately evaluate associated toxicity responses representative of real-world exposure. This study leveraged data from a previously published article and reevaluated lung cell transcriptional response induced by outdoor atmospheric pollution mixtures using field-based exposure conditions in the industrialized Houston Ship Channel. The tested hypothesis was that individual and co-occurring chemicals in the atmosphere relate to altered expression of critical genes involved in inflammation and cancer-related processes in lung cells. Human lung cells were exposed at an air-liquid interface to ambient air mixtures for 4 h, with experiments replicated across 5 days. Real-time monitoring of primary and secondary gas-phase pollutants, as well as other atmospheric conditions, was simultaneously conducted. Transcriptional analysis of exposed cells identified critical genes showing differential expression associated with both individual and chemical mixtures. The individual pollutant identified with the largest amount of associated transcriptional response was benzene. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRFN1) were identified as key upstream transcription factor regulators of the cellular response to benzene. This study is among the first to measure lung cell transcriptional responses in relation to real-world, gas-phase air mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Hang T Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kenneth G Sexton
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas Howard
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Lisa Smeester
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anastasia N Freedman
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Cynthia Shope
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Barry Lefer
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
- Tropospheric Composition Program, Earth Science Division, NASA, Washington, District of Columbia 20546, United States
| | - James H Flynn
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Mathew H Erickson
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - William Vizuete
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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12
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Vondráček J, Pěnčíková K, Ciganek M, Pivnička J, Karasová M, Hýžďalová M, Strapáčová S, Pálková L, Neča J, Matthews J, Lom MV, Topinka J, Milcová A, Machala M. Environmental six-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are potent inducers of the AhR-dependent signaling in human cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115125. [PMID: 32679438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The toxicities of many environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in particular those of high-molecular-weight PAHs (with MW higher than 300), remain poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of selected environmentally relevant PAHs with MW 302 (MW302 PAHs) to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), since this represents a major toxic mode of action of PAHs. A large number of the evaluated compounds exhibited strong AhR-mediated activities, in particular in human models. The studied MW302 PAHs also significantly contributed to the overall calculated AhR activities of complex environmental mixtures, including both defined standard reference materials and collected diesel exhaust particles. The high AhR-mediated activities of representative MW302 PAHs, e.g. naphtho[1,2-k]fluoranthene, corresponded with the modulation of expression of relevant AhR target genes in a human lung cell model, or with the AhR-dependent suppression of cell cycle progression/proliferation in estrogen-sensitive cells. This was in a marked contrast with the limited genotoxicity of the same compound(s). Given the substantial levels of the AhR-activating MW302 PAHs in combustion particles, it seems important to continue to investigate the toxic modes of action of this large group of PAHs associated with airborne particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Pivnička
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Karasová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hýžďalová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Strapáčová
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pálková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Neča
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8 Toronto, Canada
| | - Michal Vojtíšek Lom
- Center for Sustainable Mobility, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 4, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Milcová
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
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13
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Luo Y, Deng J, Cui Y, Li T, Bai J, Huang L, Sun Y, Dong F, Zhang Q. Long-term instillation to four natural representative chrysotile of China induce the inactivation of P53 and P16 and the activation of C-JUN and C-FOS in the lung tissues of Wistar rats. Toxicol Lett 2020; 333:140-149. [PMID: 32755622 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chrysotile is the only type of asbestos still widely exploited, and all kinds of asbestos including chrysotile was classified as a group I carcinogen by the IARC. There is a wealth of evidence that chrysotile can cause a range of cancers, including cancer of the lung, larynx, ovary, and mesothelioma. As the second largest chrysotile producer, China is at great risk of occupational exposure. Moreover, our previous experiment and some other studies have shown that the toxicity of mineral fibre from various mining areas may be different. To explore the oncogenic potential of chrysotile from different mining areas of China, Wistar rats were administered 0.5 mL chrysotile asbestos suspension of 2.0 mg/mL (from Akesai, Gansu; Mangnai, Qinghai; XinKang, Sichuan; and Shannan, Shaanxi) dissolved in saline by intratracheal instillation once-monthly and were sacrificed at 1 mo, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Our results found that chrysotile caused lung inflammation and lung tissue damage. Moreover, prolonged exposure of chrysotile can induce inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene P53 and P16 and activation of the protooncogene C-JUN and C-FOS both in the messenger RNA and protein level. In addition, chrysotile from Shannan and XinKang has a stronger effect which may link to cancer than that from Akesai and Mangnai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Luo
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Medical Laboratory, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, No.2 Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Cui
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Myocardial electrical laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Bai
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Liuwen Huang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaochuan Sun
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, Sichuan, China
| | - Faqin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Eaves LA, Smeester L, Hartwell HJ, Lin YH, Arashiro M, Zhang Z, Gold A, Surratt JD, Fry RC. Isoprene-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces the Expression of MicroRNAs Associated with Inflammatory/Oxidative Stress Response in Lung Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:381-387. [PMID: 31765140 PMCID: PMC7243464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), of which secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a major constituent, is linked to adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and preterm birth. Atmospheric oxidation of isoprene, the most abundant nonmethane hydrocarbon emitted into Earth's atmosphere primarily from vegetation, contributes to SOA formation. Isoprene-derived SOA has previously been found to alter inflammatory/oxidative stress genes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators that serve as post-transcriptional modifiers and key mediators of gene expression. To assess whether isoprene-derived SOA alters miRNA expression, BEAS-2B lung cells were exposed to laboratory-generated isoprene-derived SOA constituents derived from the acid-driven multiphase chemistry of authentic methacrylic acid epoxide (MAE) or isomeric isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX) with acidic sulfate aerosol particles. These IEPOX- and MAE-derived SOA constituents have been shown to be measured in large quantities within PM2.5 collected from isoprene-rich areas affected by acidic sulfate aerosol particles derived from human activities. A total of 29 miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed when exposed to IEPOX-derived SOA and 2 when exposed to MAE-derived SOA, a number of which are inflammatory/oxidative stress associated. These results suggest that miRNAs may modulate the inflammatory/oxidative stress response to SOA exposure, thereby advancing the understanding of airway cell epigenetic response to SOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Lisa Smeester
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Hadley J. Hartwell
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ying-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Maiko Arashiro
- Department of Environmental Studies, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, United States
| | - Zhenfa Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Avram Gold
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jason D. Surratt
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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15
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Jia G, Yu S, Sun W, Yang J, Wang Y, Qi Y, Chen Y. Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Particulate Matter-Induced Emphysema and Airway Inflammation Through Nrf2-Dependent Manner. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:29. [PMID: 32116706 PMCID: PMC7025465 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether hydrogen sulfide provide protective effects on atmosphere particulate matter (PM)-induced emphysema and airway inflammation and its mechanism. Methods Wild type C57BL/6 and Nrf2 knockout mice were exposed to PM (200 µg per mouse). Hydrogen sulfide or propargylglycine were administered by intraperitoneal injection respectively 30 min before PM exposure, mice were anesthetized 29th day after administration. Mice emphysema, airway inflammation, and oxidative stress were evaluated, the expression of NLRP3, active caspase-1, and active caspase-3 were detected. Alveolar epithelial A549 cells line were transfected with control small interfering RNA (siRNA) or Nrf2 siRNA and then incubated with or without hydrogen sulfide for 30 min before exposed to fine particulate matter for 24 h, cell viability, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β, ASC speck formation, the expression level of NLRP3, active caspase-1, and active caspase-3 were measured. Results PM significantly increased mice emphysema and airway inflammation measured by mean linear intercept, alveolar destroy index and total cell, neutrophil counts, cytokines IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, CXCL1, IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. PM-induced mice emphysema and airway inflammation was greatly attenuated by hydrogen sulfide, while propargylglycine aggravated that. PM-induced oxidative stress was reduced by hydrogen sulfide as evaluated by 8-OHdG concentrations in lung tissues. The expression of NLRP3, active caspase-1, and active caspase-3 enhanced by PM were also downregulated by hydrogen sulfide in mice lung. The protective effect of hydrogen sulfide on emphysema, airway inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome formation, and anti-apoptosis was inhibited by Nrf2 knockout in mice. Similarly, hydrogen sulfide attenuated the secretion of IL-1β, NLRP3 expression, caspase-1 activation, ASC speck formation, and apoptosis caused by fine particulate matter exposure in A549 cells but not in Nrf2 silenced cells. Conclusion Hydrogen sulfide played a protect role in PM-induced mice emphysema and airway inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome formation and apoptosis via Nrf2-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Jia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siwang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanlu Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yahong Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Xu M, Halimu G, Zhang Q, Song Y, Fu X, Li Y, Li Y, Zhang H. Internalization and toxicity: A preliminary study of effects of nanoplastic particles on human lung epithelial cell. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133794. [PMID: 31756791 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
As a kind of newly emerging pollutant, nanoplastics are easily to be ingested by organisms, and cause severe damage to biological functions because of their small size, high specific surface area, and strong biological penetration. Recently, there are increasing reports of numerous airborne microplastics, including polystyrene (PS), being detected in atmospheric samples, which implies a potential risk to the human respiratory system. In this work, we evaluated the effects of polystyrene nanoparticles of two different sizes (PS-NP25: 25 nm diameter and PS-NP70: 70 nm diameter) on the human alveolar epithelial A549 cell line including internalization, cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and associated gene transcription and protein expression. Results showed that PS-NP25 was internalized more rapidly and efficiently into the cytoplasm of A549 than PS-NP70. PS-NPs significantly affected the cell viability, caused cell cycle S phrase arrest, activated inflammatory gene transcription, and changed the expression of proteins associated with cell cycle and pro-apoptosis. PS-NPs induced significant up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, NF-κB, and TNF-α, as well as pro-apoptotic proteins such as DR5, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and cytochrome c, which revealed that PS-NPs triggered a TNF-α-associated apoptosis pathway. This study suggests that exposure duration, diameter, and concentration are the key factors for evaluating the toxicological effects of PS-NPs on alveolar epithelial cells. More attention must be focused on the risk of nanoplastic-related air pollution and the environmental toxicological effects of nanoplastics on humans and other terrestrial mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkai Xu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Gulinare Halimu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; Insititute of Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yubo Song
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanhe Fu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
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17
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Cui Y, Huang L, Huo T, Dong F, Wang G, Zhang Q. Man-made mineral fiber effects on the expression of anti-oncogenes P53 and P16 and oncogenes C-JUN and C-FOS in the lung tissue of Wistar rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:431-444. [PMID: 31131716 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719851699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Man-made mineral fibers (MMMFs) are substitutes for asbestos. MMMFs are widely used as insulation, but their molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic effects in vivo have been poorly studied. For this reason, this work aimed to explore the properties and carcinogenic molecular mechanisms of MMMFs. The three MMMFs, rock wool (RW), glass fibers (GFs), and ceramic fibers (CFs), were prepared into respirable dust. Particle size, morphology, and chemical composition were analyzed by laser particle analyzer, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, respectively. The Wistar rats were administered multiple intratracheal instillations of three MMMFs once a month. Then, several parameters (e.g. body mass, lung mass, and lung histology) were measured at 1, 3, and 6 months. After that, levels of P53, P16, C-JUN, and C-FOS mRNA and protein were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. This work found that exposure to MMMFs could influence the growth of body mass and increase lung mass. General conditions showed white nodules and irregular atrophy. In addition, MMMFs could lead to inactivation of anti-oncogene P16 and activation of proto-oncogenes (C-JUN and C-FOS) in the mRNA and protein levels, in which GF and CF were more obvious compared with RW. The effect of MMMFs was different, which may be related to the physical and chemical characteristics of different MMMFs. In conclusion, MMMFs (GF and CF) could induce an unbalanced expression of cancer-related genes in the lung tissues of rats. The understanding of the determinants of toxicity and carcinogenicity provides a scientific basis for developing and introducing new safer MMMF products, and the present study provides some useful insights into the carcinogenic mechanism of MMMFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- 1 School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liuwen Huang
- 2 School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tingting Huo
- 3 Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Faqin Dong
- 3 Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Guojun Wang
- 4 Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- 1 School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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18
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Ma Y, Zhao L, Coleman D, Gao M, Loor J. Tea polyphenols protect bovine mammary epithelial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in vitro by activating NFE2L2/HMOX1 pathways. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:1658-1670. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Hamanaka RB, Mutlu GM. Particulate Matter Air Pollution: Effects on the Cardiovascular System. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:680. [PMID: 30505291 PMCID: PMC6250783 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is a complex mixture of gaseous and particulate components, each of which has detrimental effects on human health. While the composition of air pollution varies greatly depending on the source, studies from across the world have consistently shown that air pollution is an important modifiable risk factor for significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Moreover, clinical studies have generally shown a greater impact of particulate matter (PM) air pollution on health than the gaseous components. PM has wide-ranging deleterious effects on human health, particularly on the cardiovascular system. Both acute and chronic exposure to PM air pollution is associated with increased risk of death from cardiovascular diseases including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and ischemic/thrombotic stroke. Particulate matter has also been shown to be an important endocrine disrupter, contributing to the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, which themselves are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. While the epidemiological evidence for the deleterious effects of PM air pollution on health is increasingly accepted, newer studies are shedding light on the mechanisms by which PM exerts its toxic effects. A greater understanding of how PM exerts toxic effects on human health is required in order to prevent and minimize the deleterious health effects of this ubiquitous environmental hazard. Air pollution is a growing public health problem and mortality due to air pollution is expected to double by 2050. Here, we review the epidemiological evidence for the cardiovascular effects of PM exposure and discuss current understanding about the biological mechanisms, by which PM exerts toxic effects on cardiovascular system to induce cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gökhan M. Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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20
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Abstract
The aging of the human population has resulted in an unprecedented increase in the incidence and prevalence of age-related diseases, including those of the lung. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a disease of aging, and is characterized by a progressive decline in lung function and high mortality. Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction, which can accompany aging phenotypes, may contribute to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we explore current evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in alveolar epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells that participate in the fibrotic process. Further, the fates of these cell populations and the potential to target mitochondrial dysfunction as a therapeutic strategy are discussed.
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21
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A study of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of particulate matter (PM2.5) in human lung epithelial cells (A549). Mol Cell Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-018-0018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Peixoto MS, de Oliveira Galvão MF, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR. Cell death pathways of particulate matter toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:32-48. [PMID: 28865791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to various complex mixtures of particulate matter (PM) from different sources. Long-term exposure to high levels of these particulates has been linked to a diverse range of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases that have resulted in hospital admission. The evaluation of the effects of PM exposure on the mechanisms related to cell death has been a challenge for many researchers. Therefore, in this review, we have discussed the effects of airborne PM exposure on mechanisms related to cell death. For this purpose, we have compiled literature data on PM sources, the effects of exposure, and the assays and models used for evaluation, in order to establish comparisons between various studies. The analysis of this collected data suggested divergent responses to PM exposure that resulted in different cell death types (apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis). In addition, PM induced oxidative stress within cells, which appeared to be an important factor in the determination of cell fate. When the levels of reactive oxygen species were overpowering, the cellular fate was directed toward cell death. This may be the underlying mechanism of the development or exacerbation of respiratory diseases, such as emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. In addition, PM was shown to cause DNA damage and the resulting mutations increased the risk of cancer. Furthermore, several conditions should be considered in the assessment of cell death in PM-exposed models, including the cell culture line, PM composition, and the interaction of the different cells types in in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Simões Peixoto
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Felipe de Oliveira Galvão
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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23
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Fetterman JL, Sammy MJ, Ballinger SW. Mitochondrial toxicity of tobacco smoke and air pollution. Toxicology 2017; 391:18-33. [PMID: 28838641 PMCID: PMC5681398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melissa J Sammy
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Scott W Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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Das DN, Sinha N, Naik PP, Panda PK, Mukhopadhyay S, Mallick SK, Sarangi I, Bhutia SK. Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of native air borne particulate matter from industrial area of Rourkela city, Odisha, India. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 46:131-139. [PMID: 27458701 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined potential adverse health effect of particulate matter (PM) collected from industrial areas of Rourkela, Odisha, India. Results indicate that PM in these areas contains benzo[a]pyrene in addition to other unidentified molecules. Ames test revealed the above PM to be highly mutagenic. Further studies of PM in HaCaT cells suggest its DNA damaging potential which may lead to apoptosis. Generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species following PM exposure may be an early event in the PM induced apoptosis. In addition, the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP450), the key xenobiotic metabolism enzyme, was found to be increased following PM exposure indicating its role in PM induced toxicity. To confirm this, we used genetic and pharmacological inhibitors of CYP450 like CYP1B1 siRNA and Clotrimazole. Interestingly, we found that the use of these inhibitors significantly suppressed the PM induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells, which confirm the crucial role of CYP1B1 in the toxic manifestation of PM. For further analysis, blood samples were collected from the volunteer donor and analyzed for immunophenotypes and comet assay to survey any change in immune cells and DNA damage in blood cells respectively. The study was performed with 55 blood samples including 32 from industrial areas and 23 people from non-industrial zone of Rourkela city. Samples had a mean±SD age of 35±6.2years (35 men and 20 women). Our investigation did not observe any significant alteration in lymphocytes (P=0.671), B cell (P=0.104), cytotoxic T cell (P=0.512), helper T cell (P=0.396), NK cell (P=0.675) and monocytes (P=0.170) of blood cells from these two groups. Taken together; this study first time reports the possible health hazards of PM from industrial areas of Odisha, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Nandini Das
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika Sinha
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prajna Paramita Naik
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prashanta Kumar Panda
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhadip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | | | | | - Sujit K Bhutia
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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25
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Yang L, Liu G, Lin Z, Wang Y, He H, Liu T, Kamp DW. Pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by specific components in ambient particulate matter in human bronchial epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:923-936. [PMID: 25533354 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that biological effect of particulate matter (PM2.5) is involved in including chemical composition and mass concentration, but the precise components and biological action on human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro toxicity of PM2.5 collected at six urban sites in China, and to investigate how particle composition affects cytotoxicity. We used human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cell lines as model in vitro to expose to PM2.5 from different source, and then reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity were analyzed. Furthermore, we estimated the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and transition metal and the endotoxin contents. The mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-10 following exposure to PM2.5 was measured by QRT-PCR. We also observed the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) using JC-1 staining, and apoptosis of BEAS-2B using flow cytometry. In addition, double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) were assessed using γ-H2AX immunofluorescence. Our results show that high concentrations of PAHs and elemental Ni were strongly associated with high apoptosis rates and high expression of IL-1β, in addition, Fe element was associated with the ROS level, furthermore, Fe and Cr element were associated with DNA damage in BEAS-2B cells. The cytotoxic effects of urban PM2.5 derived from six different cities in China appear dependent on the specific components in each. Our results indicate that air quality standards based on PM2.5 components may be more relevant than concentration-response functions (CRF). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 923-936, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Ziying Lin
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Huijuan He
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Tie Liu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - David W Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 240 E. Huron, McGaw M-330, Chicago, Illinois, 60611
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26
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Reyes-Zárate E, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Chirino YI, Osornio-Vargas ÁR, Morales-Bárcenas R, Souza-Arroyo V, García-Cuellar CM. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) exposure-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis evasion through STAT3 activation via PKCζ and Src kinases in lung cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:646-656. [PMID: 27131825 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) is a risk factor for the development of lung cancer, but cellular pathways are not completely understood. STAT3 is a p21(Waf1/Cip1) transcription factor and is associated with proliferation and cell survival and is upregulated in lung cancer. PM10 exposure induces p21(Waf1/Cip1) expression, which could be related to STAT3 activation. The aims of this work were to investigate whether STAT3 was activated on lung epithelial cells after PM10 exposure and to determine whether or not STAT3 could have an impact on cell cycle distribution and cell survival. Our results showed that PM10 induced STAT3 activation through Src and PKCζ kinases, and it is partially responsible for the p21(Waf1/Cip1) induction that was also observed. Moreover, PM10 induced G1-G0 cell cycle arrest. The inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation prevented cell cycle arrest and triggered apoptosis. These results suggest that PM10 exposure might activate a survival pathway related to STAT3 activation, similar to what has been described as part of the immune system and apoptosis evasion during tumor promotion and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Reyes-Zárate
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, México DF, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México DF, Mexico
| | - María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, México DF, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, 54059, Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | - Rocío Morales-Bárcenas
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México DF, Mexico
| | - Verónica Souza-Arroyo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, México DF, Mexico.
| | - Claudia María García-Cuellar
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México DF, Mexico.
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27
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Cao J, Qin G, Shi R, Bai F, Yang G, Zhang M, Lv J. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species and activation of MAPKs are involved in apoptosis induced by PM2.5in rat cardiac H9c2 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:609-17. [PMID: 26472149 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- The First Clinical Hospital; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
| | - Gang Qin
- The First Clinical Hospital; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
| | - Ruizan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanxi Medical University; Xinjiannanlu 56 Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
| | - Feng Bai
- The First Clinical Hospital; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
| | - Guangzhao Yang
- The First Clinical Hospital; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanxi Medical University; Xinjiannanlu 56 Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
| | - Jiyuan Lv
- The First Clinical Hospital; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China
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28
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Yang L, Wang Y, Lin Z, Zhou X, Chen T, He H, Huang H, Yang T, Jiang Y, Xu W, Yao W, Liu T, Liu G. Mitochondrial OGG1 protects against PM2.5-induced oxidative DNA damage in BEAS-2B cells. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:365-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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LI PENG, LIU TIE, KAMP DAVIDW, LIN ZIYING, WANG YAHONG, LI DONGHONG, YANG LAWEI, HE HUIJUAN, LIU GANG. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway mediates chrysotile asbestos-induced alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:3626-34. [PMID: 25530474 PMCID: PMC4735687 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to chrysotile asbestos exposure is associated with an increased risk of mortality in combination with pulmonary diseases including lung cancer, mesothelioma and asbestosis. Multiple mechanisms by which chrysotile asbestos fibers induce pulmonary disease have been identified, however the role of apoptosis in human lung alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) has not yet been fully explored. Accumulating evidence implicates AEC apoptosis as a crucial event in the development of both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and asbestosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether chrysotile asbestos induces mitochondria‑regulated (intrinsic) AEC apoptosis and, if so, whether this induction occurs via the activation of mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPK). Human A549 bronchoalveolar carcinoma‑derived cells with alveolar epithelial type II‑like features were used. The present study showed that chrysotile asbestos induced a dose‑ and time‑dependent decrease in A549 cell viability, which was accompanied by the activation of the MAPK c‑Jun N‑terminal kinases (JNK), but not the MAPKs extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 and p38. Chrysotile asbestos was also shown to induce intrinsic AEC apoptosis, as evidenced by the upregulation of the pro‑apoptotic genes Bax and Bak, alongside the activation of caspase‑9, poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP), and the release of cytochrome c. Furthermore, the specific JNK inhibitor SP600125 blocked chrysotile asbestos‑induced JNK activation and subsequent apoptosis, as assessed by both caspase‑9 cleavage and PARP activation. The results of the present study demonstrated that chrysotile asbestos induces intrinsic AEC apoptosis by a JNK‑dependent mechanism, and suggests a potential novel target for the modulation of chrysotile asbestos‑associated lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- PENG LI
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - TIE LIU
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - DAVID W. KAMP
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence to: Professor Gang Liu, Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, 57 Renming Ave, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China, E-mail: . Dr David W. Kamp, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 240 E. Huron St., Chicago, IL 60611-3010, USA, E-mail:
| | - ZIYING LIN
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - YAHONG WANG
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - DONGHONG LI
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - LAWEI YANG
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - HUIJUAN HE
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - GANG LIU
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Gang Liu, Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, 57 Renming Ave, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China, E-mail: . Dr David W. Kamp, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 240 E. Huron St., Chicago, IL 60611-3010, USA, E-mail:
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30
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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated and genotoxic effects of fractionated extract of standard reference diesel exhaust particle material in pulmonary, liver and prostate cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:438-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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31
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Liu T, Wu B, Wang Y, He H, Lin Z, Tan J, Yang L, Kamp DW, Zhou X, Tang J, Huang H, Zhang L, Bin L, Liu G. Particulate matter 2.5 induces autophagy via inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin kinase signaling pathway in human bronchial epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1914-22. [PMID: 25845384 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a significant risk factor for asthma. A recent study revealed that autophagy was associated with asthma pathogenesis. However, the specific mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced autophagy in asthma have remained elusive. In the present study, PM2.5-induced autophagy was evaluated in Beas-2B human bronchial epithelial cells and the potential molecular mechanisms were investigated. Using electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot studies, it was confirmed that PM2.5 induced autophagy in Beas-2B cells as a result of PM2.5-mediated inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in Beas-2B cells. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, reduced the accumulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II and attenuated the effect of PM2.5. Phosphorylated (p-)p38, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase were dephosphorylated following exposure to PM2.5. The roles of p53, reactive oxygen species scavenger tetramethylthiourea and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine in PM2.5-induced autophagy in Beas-2B cells were also investigated. The results suggested that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway may be a key contributor to PM2.5-induced autophagy in Beas-2B cells. The results of the present study therefore provided an a insight into potential future clinical applications targeting these signaling pathways, for the prevention and/or treatment of PM2.5-induced lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan He
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Ziying Lin
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Tan
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - David W Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xu Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Tang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Haili Huang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Tumor Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Liu Bin
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
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Cheresh P, Morales-Nebreda L, Kim SJ, Yeldandi A, Williams DB, Cheng Y, Mutlu GM, Budinger GRS, Ridge K, Schumacker PT, Bohr VA, Kamp DW. Asbestos-induced pulmonary fibrosis is augmented in 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase knockout mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:25-36. [PMID: 24918270 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0038oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos causes asbestosis and malignancies by mechanisms that are not fully established. Alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury and repair are crucial determinants of the fibrogenic potential of noxious agents such as asbestos. We previously showed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species mediate asbestos-induced AEC intrinsic apoptosis and that mitochondrial human 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), a DNA repair enzyme, prevents oxidant-induced AEC apoptosis. We reasoned that OGG1 deficiency augments asbestos-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Compared with intratracheal instillation of PBS (50 μl) or titanium dioxide (100 μg/50 μl), crocidolite or Libby amphibole asbestos (100 μg/50 μl) each augmented pulmonary fibrosis in wild-type C57BL/6J (WT) mice after 3 weeks as assessed by histology, fibrosis score, lung collagen via Sircol, and type 1 collagen expression; these effects persisted at 2 months. Compared with WT mice, Ogg1 homozygous knockout (Ogg1(-/-)) mice exhibit increased pulmonary fibrosis after crocidolite exposure and apoptosis in cells at the bronchoalveolar duct junctions as assessed via cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining. AEC involvement was verified by colocalization studies using surfactant protein C. Asbestos increased endoplasmic reticulum stress in the lungs of WT and Ogg1(-/-) mice. Compared with WT, alveolar type 2 cells isolated from Ogg1(-/-) mice have increased mtDNA damage, reduced mitochondrial aconitase expression, and increased P53 and cleaved caspase-9 expression, and these changes were enhanced 3 weeks after crocidolite exposure. These findings suggest an important role for AEC mtDNA integrity maintained by OGG1 in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis that may represent a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cheresh
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Wang Y, Lin Z, Huang H, He H, Yang L, Chen T, Yang T, Ren N, Jiang Y, Xu W, Kamp DW, Liu T, Liu G. AMPK is required for PM2.5-induced autophagy in human lung epithelial A549 cells. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:58-72. [PMID: 25784975 PMCID: PMC4358430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim is to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the PM2.5-induced autophagy in human lung cancer epithelial cells (A549). The effects of the PM2.5 on morphological and biochemical markers of autophagy in A549 were analyzed by electron microscopy, GFP-LC3 puncta was observed by confocal fluorescence microscope. The effects of phosphorylation of AMPK, mTOR, AKT, ERK, JNK, and p53 on LC3II in A549 were observed following PM2.5 exposure; the role of autophagy in PM2.5-induced apoptosis was examined using 3-methyladenine and rapamycin. PM2.5 induced morphological and biochemical markers of autophagy in A549. Phosphorylation of AMPK and dephosphorylation of mTOR were observed following PM2.5 treatment, and AMPK inhibitor blocked LC3B-II expression. In addition, we demonstrated that PM2.5-induced autophagy confers a pro-survival role in host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Ziying Lin
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Haili Huang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Huijuan He
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Ting Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Teng Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Nina Ren
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Yun Jiang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - Wenya Xu
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
| | - David W Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Jesse Brown VA Medical CenterUSA
| | - Tie Liu
- Immunology and Tumor Research Instituted, The First Affiliated Hospital, Health Science Center of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Gang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeChina
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Zhou B, Liang G, Qin H, Peng X, Huang J, Li Q, Qing L, Zhang L, Chen L, Ye L, Niu P, Zou Y. p53-Dependent apoptosis induced in human bronchial epithelial (16-HBE) cells by PM2.5sampled from air in Guangzhou, China. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:552-9. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.951814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Lin Z, Liu T, Kamp DW, Wang Y, He H, Zhou X, Li D, Yang L, Zhao B, Liu G. AKT/mTOR and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways are required for chrysotile asbestos-induced autophagy. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 72:296-307. [PMID: 24735948 PMCID: PMC4075764 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chrysotile asbestos is closely associated with excess mortality from pulmonary diseases such as lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Although multiple mechanisms in which chrysotile asbestos fibers induce pulmonary disease have been identified, the role of autophagy in human lung epithelial cells has not been examined. In this study, we evaluated whether chrysotile asbestos induces autophagy in A549 human lung epithelial cells and then analyzed the possible underlying molecular mechanism. Chrysotile asbestos induced autophagy in A549 cells based on a series of biochemical and microscopic autophagy markers. We observed that asbestos increased expression of A549 cell microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-II), an autophagy marker, in conjunction with dephosphorylation of phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR, and phospho-p70S6K. Notably, AKT1/AKT2 double-knockout murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) had negligible asbestos-induced LC3-II expression, supporting a crucial role for AKT signaling. Chrysotile asbestos also led to the phosphorylation/activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK. Pharmacologic inhibition of JNK, but not p38 MAPK, dramatically inhibited the protein expression of LC3-II. Moreover, JNK2(-/-) MEFs but not JNK1(-/-) MEFs blocked LC3-II levels induced by chrysotile asbestos. In addition, N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant, attenuated chrysotile asbestos-induced dephosphorylation of P-AKT and completely abolished phosphorylation/activation of JNK. Finally, we demonstrated that chrysotile asbestos-induced apoptosis was not affected by the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or autophagy-related gene 5 siRNA, indicating that the chrysotile asbestos-induced autophagy may be adaptive rather than prosurvival. Our findings demonstrate that AKT/mTOR and JNK2 signaling pathways are required for chrysotile asbestos-induced autophagy. These data provide a mechanistic basis for possible future clinical applications targeting these signaling pathways in the management of asbestos-induced lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Lin
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Tie Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi׳an Jiaotong University, Xi׳an 710004, Shanxi, China
| | - David W Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Yahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Huijuan He
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Donghong Li
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
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Li Y, Chang SC, Niu R, Liu L, Crabtree-Ide CR, Zhao B, Shi J, Han X, Li J, Su J, Cai L, Yu S, Zhang ZF, Mu L. TP53 genetic polymorphisms, interactions with lifestyle factors and lung cancer risk: a case control study in a Chinese population. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:607. [PMID: 24369748 PMCID: PMC3877976 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pathway-based genotyping analysis suggested rs2078486 was a novel TP53 SNP, but very few studies replicate this association. TP53 rs1042522 is the most commonly studied SNP, but very few studies examined its potential interaction with environmental factors in relation to lung cancer risk. This study aims to examine associations between two TP53 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2078486, rs1042522), their potential interaction with environmental factors and risk of lung cancer. METHODS A case-control study was conducted in Taiyuan, China. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Multiplicative and additive interactions between TP53 SNPs and lifestyle factors were evaluated. RESULTS Variant TP53 rs2078486 SNP was significantly associated with elevated lung cancer risk among smokers (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.08 - 2.67) and individuals with high indoor air pollution exposure (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.00-2.30). Significant or borderline significant multiplicative and additive interactions were found between TP53 rs2078486 polymorphism with smoking and indoor air pollution exposure. The variant genotype of TP53 SNP rs1042522 significantly increased lung cancer risk in the total population (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.11-2.21), but there was no evidence of heterogeneity among individuals with different lifestyle factors. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that TP53 rs2078486 SNP is potentially a novel TP53 SNP that may affect lung cancer risk. Our study also suggested potential synergetic effects of TP53 rs2078486 SNP with smoking and indoor air pollution exposure on lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Mu
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, 273A Farber Hall, Buffalo, New York 14214-8001, USA.
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Kim HR, Jung MH, Lee SY, Oh SM, Chung KH. Marijuana smoke condensate induces p53-mediated apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells. J Toxicol Sci 2013; 38:337-47. [PMID: 23665932 DOI: 10.2131/jts.38.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Since the largely abused worldwide used of marijuana, there have been many ongoing debates regarding the adverse health effects of marijuana smoking. Marijuana smoking was recently proved to cause pulmonary toxicity by inducing genotoxic effects or generating reactive oxygen species. Because p53, a tumor suppressor gene, has an important pathophysiologic role in the regulation of lung epithelial cell DNA damage responses, we hypothesized that p53 may be involved in the oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis induced by marijuana smoking. First, we confirmed that marijuana smoke condensate (MSC) induces oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells. We observed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was increased by MSC in the DCFH-DA assay. Also, antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase) activity and their mRNA expressions were up-regulated by MSC. Second, we investigated p53 involvement in the MSC-induced apoptotic pathway in BEAS-2B cells. The results showed that MSC increased caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation as markers of apoptosis. In addition, the mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes (p53 and Bax) were increased by MSC and phospho-p53, along with the increase of Bax protein expression by MSC. Apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expression were partially blocked by an inhibitor of p53-dependent transcriptional activation (pifithrin-α). The results indicate that p53 plays a role in MSC-induced apoptosis. Taken together, the findings of the present study suggest that MSC partially induces p53-mediated apoptosis through ROS generation in human lung epithelial cells and this may have broader implications for our understanding of pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Ryong Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
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Bhandary YP, Shetty SK, Marudamuthu AS, Ji HL, Neuenschwander PF, Boggaram V, Morris GF, Fu J, Idell S, Shetty S. Regulation of lung injury and fibrosis by p53-mediated changes in urokinase and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:131-43. [PMID: 23665346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar type II epithelial cell (ATII) apoptosis and proliferation of mesenchymal cells are the hallmarks of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating disease of unknown cause characterized by alveolar epithelial injury and progressive fibrosis. We used a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury to understand the involvement of p53-mediated changes in urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in the regulation of alveolar epithelial injury. We found marked induction of p53 in ATII cells from mice exposed to BLM. Transgenic mice expressing transcriptionally inactive dominant negative p53 in ATII cells showed augmented apoptosis, whereas those deficient in p53 resisted BLM-induced ATII cell apoptosis. Inhibition of p53 transcription failed to suppress PAI-1 or induce uPA mRNA in BLM-treated ATII cells. ATII cells from mice with BLM injury showed augmented binding of p53 to uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR), and PAI-1 mRNA. p53-binding sequences from uPA, uPAR, and PAI-1 mRNA 3' untranslated regions neither interfered with p53 DNA binding activity nor p53-mediated promoter transactivation. However, increased expression of p53-binding sequences from uPA, uPAR, and PAI-1 mRNA 3' untranslated regions in ATII cells suppressed PAI-1 and induced uPA after BLM treatment, leading to inhibition of ATII cell apoptosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Our findings indicate that disruption of p53-fibrinolytic system cross talk may serve as a novel intervention strategy to prevent lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashodhar P Bhandary
- Texas Lung Injury Institute, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
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Wang T, Garcia JG, Zhang W. Epigenetic Regulation in Particulate Matter-Mediated Cardiopulmonary Toxicities: A Systems Biology Perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [PMID: 23185213 DOI: 10.2174/187569212803901792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) air pollution exerts significant adverse health effects in global populations, particularly in developing countries with extensive air pollution. Understanding of the mechanisms of PM-induced health effects including the risk for cardiovascular diseases remains limited. In addition to the direct cellular physiological responses such as mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, PM mediates remarkable dysregulation of gene expression, especially in cardiovascular tissues. The PM-mediated gene dysregulation is likely to be a complex mechanism affected by various genetic and non-genetic factors. Notably, PM is known to alter epigenetic markers (e.g., DNA methylation and histone modifications), which may contribute to air pollution-mediated health consequences including the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Notably, epigenetic changes induced by ambient PM exposure have emerged to play a critical role in gene regulation. Though the underlying mechanism(s) are not completely clear, the available evidence suggests that the modulated activities of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), histone acetylase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) may contribute to the epigenetic changes induced by PM or PM-related chemicals. By employing genome-wide epigenomic and systems biology approaches, PM toxicogenomics could conceivably progress greatly with the potential identification of individual epigenetic loci associated with dysregulated gene expression after PM exposure, as well the interactions between epigenetic pathways and PM. Furthermore, novel therapeutic targets based on epigenetic markers could be identified through future epigenomic studies on PM-mediated cardiopulmonary toxicities. These considerations collectively inform the future population health applications of genomics in developing countries while benefiting global personalized medicine at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA ; Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zhang Z, Niu X, Lu C, Jiang M, Xiao GG, Lu A. The effect of curcumin on human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to fine particulate matter: a predictive analysis. Molecules 2012; 17:12406-26. [PMID: 23090021 PMCID: PMC6268531 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171012406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated in humans with inflammation, oxidative stress and cancer. Studies had shown that curcumin could potentially inhibit these effects; however, there had been no in vivo or in vitro reports about the effects of curcumin on organisms exposed to PM2.5. This predictive study explored the possible biological functions and pathways involved in the mechanism of curcumin inhibition of the hazardous effects of PM2.5. For predictive analysis, microarray data were used to investigate the effect of PM2.5 on human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC), and human target proteins of curcumin were retrieved from PubChem. Two protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established based upon differential genes and target proteins, respectively, and the common network of these two networks was found. Functional and pathway analysis of the common network was performed using the Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) software. The results suggested that the predictive effects of curcumin on HBEC exposed to PM2.5 were involved in bio-functions, including inflammatory response of airway, cancerogenesis, and apoptosis, and in pathways such as cancer, glucocorticoid receptor signaling, and NF-kappaB signaling. This study predicted for the first time that curcumin could be a potential therapeutic agent for protecting the human airway from the hazardous effects of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Xuyan Niu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China; (X.N.); (C.L.); (M.J.)
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China; (X.N.); (C.L.); (M.J.)
| | - Miao Jiang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China; (X.N.); (C.L.); (M.J.)
| | - Gary G. Xiao
- Functional Genomics & Proteomics Laboratory, Osteoporosis Research Center, Creighton University Medical Center, 601N 30th ST, Suite 6730, Omaha, NE 68131, USA
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (A.L.); (G.G.X.); Tel.: +86-10-6406-7611 (A.L.); Fax: +86-10-8403-2881 (A.L.); Tel.: +1-402-280-5911 (G.G.X.); Fax: +1-402-280-4284 (G.G.X.)
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, China; (X.N.); (C.L.); (M.J.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (A.L.); (G.G.X.); Tel.: +86-10-6406-7611 (A.L.); Fax: +86-10-8403-2881 (A.L.); Tel.: +1-402-280-5911 (G.G.X.); Fax: +1-402-280-4284 (G.G.X.)
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Sirt1 protects against thrombomodulin down-regulation and lung coagulation after particulate matter exposure. Blood 2012; 119:2422-9. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-350413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been reported to trigger inflammation and thrombosis. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of coagulation pathways in PM-induced thrombosis remain largely unknown. We report here that Sirt1, a member of class III histone deacetylase, controls lung inflammation and coagulation after PM exposure. Sirt1 knock-out mice exhibited aggravated lung vascular leakage and inflammation after PM exposure, which was correlated with increased NF-κB acetylation and activation. Furthermore, Sirt1 knock-out mice were highly susceptible to PM-induced lung coagulation as demonstrated by increased fibrin formation. The increased fibrin formation was associated with reduced tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) expression and increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity in the lungs, thus favoring elevated coagulation and disrupted fibrinolysis responses. Thrombomodulin (TM), a central player of the anticoagulant protein C system, is regulated by Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) at the transcriptional level. Our data show that PM exposure led to decreased lung KLF2 and TM expression in wild-type mice, and lung KLF2 and TM protein levels were further decreased in Sirt1 knock-out mice. Importantly, Sirt1 gene delivery inhibited TM and KLF2 down-regulation and reduced lung coagulation after PM exposure. Collectively, our studies indicate that Sirt1 functions as a suppressor of coagulation after particulate matter exposure.
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Particulate matter Air Pollution induces hypermethylation of the p16 promoter Via a mitochondrial ROS-JNK-DNMT1 pathway. Sci Rep 2012; 2:275. [PMID: 22355787 PMCID: PMC3281276 DOI: 10.1038/srep00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of human populations to chronically elevated levels of ambient particulate matter air pollution < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) has been associated with an increase in lung cancer incidence. Over 70% of lung cancer cell lines exhibit promoter methylation of the tumor suppressor p16, an epigenetic modification that reduces its expression. We exposed mice to concentrated ambient PM2.5 via inhalation, 8 hours daily for 3 weeks and exposed primary murine alveolar epithelial cells to daily doses of fine urban PM (5 µg/cm2). In both mice and alveolar epithelial cells, PM exposure increased ROS production, expression of the DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), and methylation of the p16 promoter. In alveolar epithelial cells, increased transcription of DNMT1 and methylation of the p16 promoter were inhibited by a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant and a JNK inhibitor. These findings provide a potential mechanism by which PM exposure increases the risk of lung cancer.
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Caraballo JC, Yshii C, Westphal W, Moninger T, Comellas AP. Ambient particulate matter affects occludin distribution and increases alveolar transepithelial electrical conductance. Respirology 2011; 16:340-9. [PMID: 21122029 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Inhaled particulate matter (PM) causes lung inflammation and epithelial dysfunction. However, the direct effect of PM on alveolar epithelial barrier integrity is not well understood. Our aim is to determine whether PM exposure affects the alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) transepithelial electrical conductance (Gt) and tight junction (TJ) proteins. METHODS Human AEC (A549) and primary rat AEC were exposed to PM of <10 µm in size (PM(10) ) and diesel exhaust particles (DEP), using titanium dioxide (TiO(2) ) as a control for particle size effects. Gt and permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-Dextran) were measured to assess barrier integrity. TJ integrity was evaluated by analysing penetration of Lanthanum nitrate (La(3+) ) under transmission electron microscopy. Surface proteins were labelled with biotin and analysed by western blot. Immunofluorescence was performed to assess colocalization of TJ proteins including occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). PM induced dissociation of occludin-ZO-1 was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS PM(10) and DEP increased Gt and disrupted TJ after 3 h of treatment. PM(10) and DEP induced occludin internalization from the plasma membrane into endosomal compartments and dissociation of occludin from ZO-1. Overexpression of antioxidant enzymes manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, prevented PM-induced Gt increase, occludin reduction from the plasma membrane and its dissociation from ZO-1. CONCLUSIONS PM induces alveolar epithelial dysfunction in part via occludin reduction at the plasma membrane and ZO-1 dissociation in AEC. Furthermore, these effects are prevented by overexpression of two different antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Caraballo
- Internal Medicine Department, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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Budinger GRS, Mutlu GM, Urich D, Soberanes S, Buccellato LJ, Hawkins K, Chiarella SE, Radigan KA, Eisenbart J, Agrawal H, Berkelhamer S, Hekimi S, Zhang J, Perlman H, Schumacker PT, Jain M, Chandel NS. Epithelial cell death is an important contributor to oxidant-mediated acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183:1043-54. [PMID: 20959557 PMCID: PMC3086743 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201002-0181oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome are characterized by increased lung oxidant stress and apoptotic cell death. The contribution of epithelial cell apoptosis to the development of lung injury is unknown. OBJECTIVES To determine whether oxidant-mediated activation of the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathway contributes to the development of acute lung injury. METHODS Exposure of tissue-specific or global knockout mice or cells lacking critical components of the apoptotic pathway to hyperoxia, a well-established mouse model of oxidant-induced lung injury, for measurement of cell death, lung injury, and survival. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We found that the overexpression of SOD2 prevents hyperoxia-induced BAX activation and cell death in primary alveolar epithelial cells and prolongs the survival of mice exposed to hyperoxia. The conditional loss of BAX and BAK in the lung epithelium prevented hyperoxia-induced cell death in alveolar epithelial cells, ameliorated hyperoxia-induced lung injury, and prolonged survival in mice. By contrast, Cyclophilin D-deficient mice were not protected from hyperoxia, indicating that opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore is dispensable for hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Mice globally deficient in the BH3-only proteins BIM, BID, PUMA, or NOXA, which are proximal upstream regulators of BAX and BAK, were not protected against hyperoxia-induced lung injury suggesting redundancy of these proteins in the activation of BAX or BAK. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial oxidant generation initiates BAX- or BAK-dependent alveolar epithelial cell death, which contributes to hyperoxia-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. R. Scott Budinger
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gökhan M. Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniela Urich
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Leonard J. Buccellato
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Keenan Hawkins
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sergio E. Chiarella
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathryn A. Radigan
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James Eisenbart
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hemant Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sara Berkelhamer
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Siegfried Hekimi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jianke Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul T. Schumacker
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Manu Jain
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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46
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Sangani RG, Ghio AJ. Lung injury after cigarette smoking is particle related. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011; 6:191-8. [PMID: 21660296 PMCID: PMC3107695 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s14911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific component responsible and the mechanistic pathway for increased human morbidity and mortality after cigarette smoking are yet to be delineated. We propose that 1) injury and disease following cigarette smoking are associated with exposure to and retention of particles produced during smoking and 2) the biological effects of particles associated with cigarette smoking share a single mechanism of injury with all particles. Smoking one cigarette exposes the human respiratory tract to between 15,000 and 40,000 μg particulate matter; this is a carbonaceous product of an incomplete combustion. There are numerous human exposures to other particles, and these vary widely in composition, absolute magnitude, and size of the particle. Individuals exposed to all these particles share a common clinical presentation with a loss of pulmonary function, increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness, pathologic changes of emphysema and fibrosis, and comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cancers. Mechanistically, all particle exposures produce an oxidative stress, which is associated with a series of reactions, including an activation of kinase cascades and transcription factors, release of inflammatory mediators, and apoptosis. If disease associated with cigarette smoking is recognized to be particle related, then certain aspects of the clinical presentation can be predicted; this would include worsening of pulmonary function and progression of pathological changes and comorbidity (eg, emphysema and carcinogenesis) after smoking cessation since the particle is retained in the lung and the exposure continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul G Sangani
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7315, USA
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Mehmeti I, Lenzen S, Lortz S. Modulation of Bcl-2-related protein expression in pancreatic beta cells by pro-inflammatory cytokines and its dependence on the antioxidative defense status. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 332:88-96. [PMID: 20933054 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines are key mediators in the selective and progressive destruction of insulin-producing beta cells during type 1 diabetes development. However, the mechanisms of cytokine-induced beta cell apoptosis are not fully understood. This study demonstrates that pro-inflammatory cytokines strongly modified the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins Bad, Bim, and Bid in primary rat islets and insulin-producing RINm5F cells. Overexpression of mitochondrially located catalase (MitoCatalase) specifically increased basal Bcl-2 and decreased basal Bax expression, suppressed cytokine-mediated reduction of Bcl-2, and thereby prevented the release of cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO and the activation of caspase-9 and -3. Thus, cytokine-mediated decrease of Bcl-2 expression and the sequentially changed Bax/Bcl-2 ratio are responsible for the release of pro-apoptotic mitochondrial factors, activation of caspase-9, and ultimately caspase-3. These results indicate that activation of the intrinsic/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway is essential for cytokine-induced beta cell death and the mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species, in particular mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide, differentially regulates the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilir Mehmeti
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, Germany
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Abbas I, Garçon G, Saint-Georges F, Billet S, Verdin A, Gosset P, Mulliez P, Shirali P. Occurrence of molecular abnormalities of cell cycle in L132 cells after in vitro short-term exposure to air pollution PM2.5. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 188:558-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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49
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Fu YQ, Fang F, Lu ZY, Kuang FW, Xu F. N-acetylcysteine protects alveolar epithelial cells from hydrogen peroxide–induced apoptosis through scavenging reactive oxygen species and suppressing c-Jun N-terminalkinase. Exp Lung Res 2010; 36:352-61. [DOI: 10.3109/01902141003678582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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50
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Liu G, Beri R, Mueller A, Kamp DW. Molecular mechanisms of asbestos-induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 188:309-18. [PMID: 20380827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos causes pulmonary fibrosis (asbestosis) and malignancies (bronchogenic lung cancer and mesothelioma) by mechanisms that are not fully elucidated. Accumulating evidence show that alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) apoptosis is a crucial initiating and perpetuating event in the development of pulmonary fibrosis following exposure to a wide variety of noxious stimuli, including asbestos. We review the important molecular mechanisms underlying asbestos-induced AEC apoptosis. Specifically, we focus on the role of asbestos in augmenting AEC apoptosis by the mitochondria- and p53-regulated death pathways that result from the production of iron-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage. We summarize emerging evidence implicating the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in AEC apoptosis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease with similarities to asbestosis. Finally, we discuss a recent finding that a mitochondrial oxidative DNA repair enzyme (8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase; Ogg1) acts as a mitochondrial aconitase chaperone protein to prevent oxidant (asbestos and H(2)O(2))-induced AEC mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic apoptosis. The coupling of mitochondrial Ogg1 to mitochondrial aconitase is a novel mechanism linking metabolism to mitochondrial DNA that may be important in the pathophysiologic events resulting in oxidant-induced toxicity as seen in tumors, aging, and respiratory disorders (e.g. asbestosis, IPF). Collectively, these studies are illuminating the molecular basis of AEC apoptosis following asbestos exposure that may prove useful for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Importantly, the asbestos paradigm is elucidating pathophysiologic insights into other more common pulmonary diseases, such as IPF and lung cancer, for which better therapy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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