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Zhang W, Chen B, Yoda Y, Shima M, Zhao C, Ji X, Wang J, Liao S, Jiang S, Li L, Chen Y, Guo X, Deng F. Ambient ultrafine particles exacerbate oxygen desaturation during sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: New insights into the effect spectrum of ultrafine particles on susceptible populations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174519. [PMID: 38972410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The health effects of ultrafine particles (UFPs) are of growing global concern, but the epidemiological evidence remains limited. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) characterized by hypoxemia is a prevalent condition linked to many debilitating chronic diseases. However, the role of UFPs in the development of SDB is lacking. Therefore, this prospective panel study was performed to specifically investigate the association of short-term exposure to UFPs with SDB parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Ninety-one COPD patients completed 226 clinical visits in Beijing, China. Personal exposure to ambient UFPs of 0-7 days was estimated based on infiltration factor and time-activity pattern. Real-time monitoring of sleep oxygen saturation, spirometry, respiratory questionnaires and airway inflammation detection were performed at each clinical visit. Generalized estimating equation was used to estimate the effects of UFPs. Exposure to UFPs was significantly associated with increased oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and percent of the time with oxygen saturation below 90 % (T90), with estimates of 21.50 % (95%CI: 6.38 %, 38.76 %) and 18.75 % (95%CI: 2.83 %, 37.14 %), respectively, per 3442 particles/cm3 increment of UFPs at lag 0-3 h. Particularly, UFPs' exposure within 0-7 days was positively associated with the concentration of alveolar nitric oxide (CaNO), and alveolar eosinophilic inflammation measured by CaNO exceeding 5 ppb was associated with 29.63 % and 33.48 % increases in ODI and T90, respectively. In addition, amplified effects on oxygen desaturation were observed in current smokers. Notably, individuals with better lung function and activity tolerance were more affected by ambient UFPs due to longer time spent outdoors. To our knowledge, this is the first study to link UFPs to hypoxemia during sleep and uncover the key role of alveolar eosinophilic inflammation. Our findings provide new insights into the effect spectrum of UFPs and potential environmental and behavioral intervention strategies to protect susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlou Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baiqi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yoshiko Yoda
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shima
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Chen Zhao
- Community Health Service Center, Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xuezhao Ji
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sha Liao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Simin Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Luyi Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yahong Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Environment and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Wang S, Wu G, Du Z, Wu W, Ju X, Yimaer W, Chen S, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang W, Hao Y. The causal links between long-term exposure to major PM 2.5 components and the burden of tuberculosis in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161745. [PMID: 36690108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to estimate the causal impacts of long-term exposure to major PM2.5 components - including black carbon, organic matter, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium - on the incidence and mortality of tuberculosis in China. METHODS We collected annual and provincial-level tuberculosis incidence and mortality, concentrations of PM2.5 components, and socioeconomic indicators from between 2004 and 2018 in mainland China. We used the difference-in-differences (DID) causal inference approach with a generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) regression model to estimate the long-term effects and relative contributions of PM2.5 components' exposure on tuberculosis incidence and mortality. RESULTS We found that long-term multi-components exposure was significantly associated with tuberculosis incidence (WQS index IR%:8.34 %, 95 % CI:4.54 %-12.27 %) and mortality (WQS index IR%:19.49 %, 95 % CI: 9.72 %-30.13 %). Primary pollutants, black carbon and organic matter, contributed most of the overall mixture effect (over 85 %). Nitrate showed a critical role in tuberculosis burden in not-aging provinces and in regions at the Q3 stratum (i.e., the 3rd quartile) of GDP per capita and urbanization rate. Meanwhile the contribution of sulfate to tuberculosis burden in regions at the Q1 stratum of GDP per capita and urbanization rate was the largest among the effect of secondary pollutants (i.e., sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium). CONCLUSION The mitigation of black carbon and organic matter pollution may significantly reduce the tuberculosis burden in China. Controlling nitrate emissions and increasing clean energy (i.e., energy sources with limited pollution emissions, such as natural gas and clean coal) may also be effective in certain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghao Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gonghua Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Ju
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wumitijiang Yimaer
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shirui Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking, China.
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Raju S, Woo H, Koehler K, Fawzy A, Liu C, Putcha N, Balasubramanian A, Peng RD, Lin CT, Lemoine C, Wineke J, Berger RD, Hansel NN, McCormack MC. Indoor Air Pollution and Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:721-730. [PMID: 36288428 PMCID: PMC10037475 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0523oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Indoor air pollution represents a modifiable risk factor for respiratory morbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effects of indoor air pollution, as well as the impact of interventions to improve indoor air quality, on cardiovascular morbidity in COPD remain unknown. Objectives: To determine the association between indoor particulate matter (PM) and heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic function tied to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as the impact of household air purifiers on HRV. Methods: Former smokers with moderate-severe COPD were recruited from a 6-month randomized controlled trial of a portable air cleaner intervention to undergo paired assessment of both in-home PM and HRV using 24-hour Holter monitoring at up to five time points. Primary outcomes were HRV measures tied to cardiovascular morbidity (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals [SDNN] and root mean square of successive differences between normal-to-normal intervals [RMSSD]). Measurements and Results: Eighty-five participants contributed 317 HRV measurements. A twofold increase in household PM ⩽2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter was associated with decreases in SDNN (β, -2.98% [95% confidence interval (CI), -5.12 to -0.78]) and RMSSD (β, -4.57% [95% CI, -10.1 to -1.60]). The greatest effects were observed with ultrafine particles (<100 nm) (RMSSD; β, -16.4% [95% CI, -22.3 to -10.1]) and among obese participants. Participants randomized to the active air cleaner saw improvements in RMSSD (β, 25.2% [95% CI, 2.99 to 52.1]), but not SDNN (β, 2.65% [95% CI, -10.8 to 18.1]), compared with the placebo group. Conclusions: This is the first U.S. study to describe the association between household PM and cardiac autonomic function among individuals with COPD, as well as the potential cardiovascular health benefits of household air cleaners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kirsten Koehler
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering and
| | | | | | | | | | - Roger D. Peng
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cheng Ting Lin
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chantal Lemoine
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Jennifer Wineke
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Nadia N. Hansel
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering and
| | - Meredith C. McCormack
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering and
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Musiol S, Harris CP, Karlina R, Gostner JM, Rathkolb B, Schnautz B, Schneider E, Mair L, Vergara EE, Flexeder C, Koletzko S, Bauer CP, Schikowski T, Berdel D, von Berg A, Herberth G, Rozman J, Hrabe de Angelis M, Standl M, Schmidt-Weber CB, Ussar S, Alessandrini F. Dietary digestible carbohydrates are associated with higher prevalence of asthma in humans and with aggravated lung allergic inflammation in mice. Allergy 2022; 78:1218-1233. [PMID: 36424672 DOI: 10.1111/all.15589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary carbohydrates and fats are intrinsically correlated within the habitual diet. We aimed to disentangle the associations of starch and sucrose from those of fat, in relation to allergic sensitization, asthma and rhinoconjuctivitis prevalence in humans, and to investigate underlying mechanisms using murine models. METHODS Epidemiological data from participants of two German birth cohorts (age 15) were used in logistic regression analyses testing cross-sectional associations of starch and sucrose (and their main dietary sources) with aeroallergen sensitization, asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis, adjusting for correlated fats (saturated, monounsaturated, omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated) and other covariates. For mechanistic insights, murine models of aeroallergen-induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI) fed with a low-fat-high-sucrose or -high-starch versus a high-fat diet were used to characterize and quantify disease development. Metabolic and physiologic parameters were used to track outcomes of dietary interventions and cellular and molecular responses to monitor the development of AAI. Oxidative stress biomarkers were measured in murine sera or lung homogenates. RESULTS We demonstrate a direct association of dietary sucrose with asthma prevalence in males, while starch was associated with higher asthma prevalence in females. In mice, high-carbohydrate feeding, despite scant metabolic effects, aggravated AAI compared to high-fat in both sexes, as displayed by humoral response, mucus hypersecretion, lung inflammatory cell infiltration and TH 2-TH 17 profiles. Compared to high-fat, high-carbohydrate intake was associated with increased pulmonary oxidative stress, signals of metabolic switch to glycolysis and decreased systemic anti-oxidative capacity. CONCLUSION High consumption of digestible carbohydrates is associated with an increased prevalence of asthma in humans and aggravated lung allergic inflammation in mice, involving oxidative stress-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Musiol
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Carla P Harris
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Karlina
- RG Adipocytes & Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes & Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johanna M Gostner
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schnautz
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Evelyn Schneider
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Mair
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ernesto Elorduy Vergara
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Flexeder
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Carl-Peter Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten B Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- RG Adipocytes & Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes & Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
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5
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Zhang C, Zhang B, Ling Z, Xiao Y, Li S, Yu Y, Zou B, Chen X, Shen M. Long-term exposure to ambient black carbon is associated with sleep disturbance in college students. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156066. [PMID: 35605861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests an association of air pollution with sleep quality. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the effect of black carbon, a key component of ambient particulate matter, on sleep. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of long-term exposure to black carbon and sleep quality in a group of college students. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in five universities in different regions of China. The concentrations of black carbon and other environment factors were defined as the averages during the 6 years prior to the recruitment. Averagely daily dose of black carbon exposure was estimated according to the respiratory rate. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with a cutoff >5 indicating sleep disturbance. Linear regression and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association. The sensitivity analyses were conducted to estimate the effects of 1-month, 6-month and 1-year mean levels of exposure to black carbon on sleep quality. RESULTS A total of 20,053 incoming college students were included. 29.3% reported impaired sleep quality, with a mean PSQI score of 4.3 ± 2.2. The logistic regression showed that the risk of impaired sleep quality was positively associated with black carbon exposure, especially in the highest quantile (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11-1.43) compared with the lowest quartile after adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analysis showed that the effect of black carbon on sleep quality was stronger in participants with higher BMI, lower household income, and lower parental educational level. The results of sensitivity analyses were similar with main analyses. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to black carbon is associated with sleep disturbance in college students. Improvement of air quality may help improve sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisi Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Ling
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shenxin Li
- Department of Surveying and Remote Sensing Science, School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yu Yu
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Bin Zou
- Department of Surveying and Remote Sensing Science, School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minxue Shen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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6
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Zhu J, Sheng M, Shang J, Kuang Y, Shi X, Qiu X. Photocatalytic Role of Atmospheric Soot Particles under Visible-Light Irradiation: Reactive Oxygen Species Generation, Self-Oxidation Process, and Induced Higher Oxidative Potential and Cytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7668-7678. [PMID: 35537182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is known that there are semiconductor oxides involved in mineral dust, which have photocatalytic properties. However, soot particles contained in carbonaceous aerosol and their photoactivity under sunlight are rarely realized. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals were generated upon visible-light irradiation of soot particles, and the production activity was consistent with the carbonaceous core content, indicating that the atmospheric soot particles can serve as a potential photocatalyst. The increase of oxygen-containing functional groups, environmentally persistent free radicals, oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and the oxidative potential (OP) of soot after irradiation confirmed the occurrence of visible-light-triggered photocatalytic oxidation of the soot itself. The mechanism analyses suggested that the carbonaceous core caused the production of ROS, which subsequently oxidize the extractable organic species on the soot surface. It is oxidized organic extracts that are responsible for the enhancements of the OP, cell mortality, and intracellular ROS generation. These new findings shed light on both the photocatalytic role of the soot and the importance of ROS during the photochemical self-oxidation of soot triggered by visible light and will promote a more comprehensive understanding of both the atmospheric chemical behavior and health effects of soot particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mengshuang Sheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yu Kuang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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7
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Su WC, Lee J, Xi J, Zhang K. Investigation of Mask Efficiency for Loose-Fitting Masks against Ultrafine Particles and Effect on Airway Deposition Efficiency. AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH 2022; 22:210228. [PMID: 35937716 PMCID: PMC9355369 DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.210228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particle (i.e., smaller than 100 nm) in the ambient air is a significant public health issue. The inhalation and deposition of ultrafine particles in the human airways can lead to various adverse health effects. Loose-fitting types of masks are commonly used by the general public in some developing countries for protecting against ultrafine particles in the ambient environment. This research conducted a series of laboratory chamber experiments using two sets of particle sizers and two mannequin heads to study the mask efficiency of selected loose-fitting masks. Results acquired demonstrated that the cloth mask showed a low mask efficiency against ultrafine particles with the mask efficiency generally less than 0.4. The KN95 presented a better mask efficiency among all tested masks with the mask efficiency overall larger than 0.5. In addition, the effect of mask-wearing on the change of ultrafine particle airway deposition efficiency was also investigated in this study. The ultrafine particle deposition efficiency in the airway section studied was found to decrease due to mask-wearing, and the decreases of the deposition efficiencies were similar among all loose-fitting masks tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chung Su
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jinxiang Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
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8
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Junge KM, Buchenauer L, Elter E, Butter K, Kohajda T, Herberth G, Röder S, Borte M, Kiess W, von Bergen M, Simon JC, Rolle-Kampczyk UE, Lehmann I, Gminski R, Ohlmeyer M, Polte T. Wood emissions and asthma development: Results from an experimental mouse model and a prospective cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 151:106449. [PMID: 33611105 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased use of renewable resources like sustainably produced wood in construction or for all sorts of long-lived products is considered to contribute to reducing society's carbon footprint. However, as a natural, biological material, wood and wood products emit specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Therefore, the evaluation of possible health effects due to wood emissions is of major interest. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of an exposure to multiple wood-related VOCs on asthma development. METHODS A murine asthma model was used to evaluate possible allergic and inflammatory effects on the lung after short- or long-term and perinatal exposure to pinewood or oriented strand board (OSB). In addition, wood-related VOCs were measured within the German prospective mother-child cohort LINA and their joint effect on early wheezing or asthma development in children until the age of 10 was estimated by Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) stratifying also for family history of atopy (FHA). RESULTS Our experimental data show that neither pinewood nor OSB emissions even at high total VOC levels and a long-lasting exposure period induce significant inflammatory or asthma-promoting effects in sensitized or non-sensitized mice. Moreover, an exposure during the vulnerable time window around birth was also without effect. Consistently, in our mother-child cohort LINA, an exposure to multiple wood-related VOCs during pregnancy or the first year of life was not associated with early wheezing or asthma development in children independent from their FHA. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that emissions from wood and wood products at levels commonly occurring in the living environment do not exert adverse effects concerning wheezing or asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Junge
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa Buchenauer
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elena Elter
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katja Butter
- Thünen Institute of Wood Research, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tibor Kohajda
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Röder
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Borte
- Children's Hospital, Municipal Hospital "St. Georg", Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University of Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents - Centre for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany; University of Leipzig, LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany; University of Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan C Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike E Rolle-Kampczyk
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Environmental Epigenetics and Lung Research Group, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Molecular Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Gminski
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Polte
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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9
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Zhu J, Shang J, Zhu T. A new understanding of the microstructure of soot particles: The reduced graphene oxide-like skeleton and its visible-light driven formation of reactive oxygen species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116079. [PMID: 33234379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of soot's photochemistry are still unclear, especially, how the microstructure and composition of soot influence its photoactivity. In the current study, we started with the exploration of the microstructure of soot particles and gained new insights. The elemental-carbon fraction of soot (E-soot), considered the core component of soot and can reflect the intrinsic characteristics of soot, was extracted by organic solvents and characterized in terms of structure and chemical reactivity. The intrinsic structure of E-soot was found to be more analogous to reduced graphene oxide than to graphene, in terms of containing similar levels of defective sites such as oxygen-containing functional groups and environmentally persistent free radicals, as well as exhibiting similar optoelectronic performance. The generation of reactive oxygen species via an electron transfer pathway under visible light suggests that reduced graphene oxide-like E-soot can serve as a potential carbo-photocatalyst, which facilitates elucidating the mechanism of E-soot's role during soot's photochemical aging. Our study reveals the intrinsic structure of soot and its role in photo-triggered reactive oxygen species production, which is vital for atmospheric and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China; Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology (BIC-ESAT), Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, PR China
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10
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Ren H, Lu J, Ning J, Su X, Tong Y, Chen J, Ding Y. Exposure to fine particulate matter induces self-recovery and susceptibility of oxidative stress and inflammation in rat lungs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40262-40276. [PMID: 32661967 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 induces pulmonary inflammation via oxidative stress, and this role in the lungs is widely accepted, but studies on whether oxidative stress and inflammation can self-recover and be fully restored are limited. In this study, the oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs of rats, which were first exposed to different PM2.5 dosages (0, 0.5, 3.0, and 15.0 mg/kg body weight) and different recovery days (0, 15, and 30 days) and then were exposed to the same PM2.5 dosages (30 mg/kg b.w.) after 30 days of recovery, were investigated. Results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly inhibited, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) significantly increased. These changes were accompanied with damage to the pathological structure of the rat lungs. After stopping PM2.5 exposure, the difference between the PM2.5 group and the control group gradually decreased with the extension of recovery time. However, when the rats were again exposed to the same dose of PM2.5, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, and iNOS were significantly increased, and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly inhibited in the high-dose group. And the high-dose group was accompanied by more severe lung pathological structural damage. Results showed that PM2.5 could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in the lungs of rats, and these damages gradually recovered as exposure ceased, but increased lung susceptibility in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Ren
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Jianying Ning
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Xianghui Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yanbin Tong
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jiadeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yanzhou Ding
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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11
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Alessandrini F, Musiol S, Schneider E, Blanco-Pérez F, Albrecht M. Mimicking Antigen-Driven Asthma in Rodent Models-How Close Can We Get? Front Immunol 2020; 11:575936. [PMID: 33101301 PMCID: PMC7555606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with increasing prevalence worldwide characterized by chronic airway inflammation, increased mucus secretion and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The phenotypic heterogeneity among asthmatic patients is accompanied by different endotypes, mainly Type 2 or non-Type 2. To investigate the pathomechanism of this complex disease many animal models have been developed, each trying to mimic specific aspects of the human disease. Rodents have classically been employed in animal models of asthma. The present review provides an overview of currently used Type 2 vs. non-Type 2 rodent asthma models, both acute and chronic. It further assesses the methods used to simulate disease development and exacerbations as well as to quantify allergic airway inflammation, including lung physiologic, cellular and molecular immunologic responses. Furthermore, the employment of genetically modified animals, which provide an in-depth understanding of the role of a variety of molecules, signaling pathways and receptors implicated in the development of this disease as well as humanized models of allergic inflammation, which have been recently developed to overcome differences between the rodent and human immune systems, are discussed. Nevertheless, differences between mice and humans should be carefully considered and limits of extrapolation should be wisely taken into account when translating experimental results into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Musiol
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Schneider
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frank Blanco-Pérez
- Molecular Allergology/Vice President's Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Melanie Albrecht
- Molecular Allergology/Vice President's Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
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12
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Li Y, Ouyang Y, Jiao J, Xu Z, Zhang L. Exposure to environmental black carbon exacerbates nasal epithelial inflammation via the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-nucleotide-binding, oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-caspase-1-interleukin 1β (IL-1β) pathway. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2020; 11:773-783. [PMID: 32779379 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis(AR) is an increasing challenge to public health worldwide. Exposure to environmental black carbon (BC) is associated with increased risk of allergic rhinitis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its toxicity have not been fully elucidated. The aims of the present study were therefore to determine the effect of BC on the expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and to investigate the mechanism underlying BC-induced IL-1β production in pollen-sensitized human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). METHODS Nasal mucosal samples collected from 10 patients undergoing nasal surgery were used to isolate and culture epithelial cells as air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures. Cultures exposed to BC ± pollen allergen for 24 hours were assessed for the presence of IL-1β, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activation of the nucleotide-binding, oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying BC ± pollen allergen-induced IL-1β in hNECs were evaluated. RESULTS Exposure to BC significantly increased the production of IL-1β and ROS and the expression of NLRP3 in hNECs, compared with control, all of which were significantly increased further by exposure to a combination of BC and pollen. Incubation of hNECs with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated BC ± pollen-induced expression of ROS, NLRP3, and IL-1β. NLRP3 and Caspase-1 inhibitors (MCC950 and YVAD) significantly inhibited IL-1β expression and NLRP3 activation, but not NLRP3 expression following exposure to BC ± pollen. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that exposure to BC and pollen can exaggerate oxidative stress and significantly increase the expression of IL-1β in hNECs, and that this may involve a pathway integrating ROS-NLRP3-Caspase-1-IL-1β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital, Affiliated to the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Ouyang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Affiliated to the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojun Xu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital, Affiliated to the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China.,Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Affiliated to the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
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13
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Milton LA, White AR. The potential impact of bushfire smoke on brain health. Neurochem Int 2020; 139:104796. [PMID: 32650032 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Smoke from bushfires (also known as wildfires or forest fires) has blanketed large regions of Australia during the southern hemisphere summer of 2019/2020, potentially endangering residents who breathe the polluted air. While such air pollution is known to cause respiratory irritation and damage, its effect on the brain is not well described. In this review, we aim to outline the potentially damaging effects of bushfire smoke on brain health. We also describe the composition of air pollution, including ambient particulate matter (PM) and bushfire PM, before covering the general health effects of each. The investigated entry routes for ambient PM and postulated entry routes for bushfire PM are discussed, along with epidemiological and experimental evidence of the effect of both PMs in the brain. It appears that bushfire PM may be more toxic than ambient PM, and that it may enter the brain through extrapulmonary or olfactory routes to cause inflammation and oxidative stress. Ultimately, this review highlights the desperate requirement of greater research into the effects of bushfire PM on brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Milton
- Mental Health Program, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Anthony R White
- Mental Health Program, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
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14
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Rynning I, Neca J, Vrbova K, Libalova H, Rossner P, Holme JA, Gützkow KB, Afanou AKJ, Arnoldussen YJ, Hruba E, Skare Ø, Haugen A, Topinka J, Machala M, Mollerup S. In Vitro Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Diesel Exhaust Particles: Gene Expression Profiling and Early Toxic Responses. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:51-64. [PMID: 30010986 PMCID: PMC6204768 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust may cause lung cancer in humans. Mechanisms include DNA-damage and inflammatory responses. Here, the potential of NIST SRM2975 diesel exhaust particles (DEP) to transform human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3) in vitro was investigated. Long-term exposure of HBEC3 to DEP led to increased colony growth in soft agar. Several DEP-transformed cell lines were established and based on the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) marker genes, one of them (T2-HBEC3) was further characterized. T2-HBEC3 showed a mesenchymal/fibroblast-like morphology, reduced expression of CDH1, and induction of CDH2 and VIM. T2-HBEC3 had reduced migration potential compared with HBEC3 and little invasion capacity. Gene expression profiling showed baseline differences between HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3 linked to lung carcinogenesis. Next, to assess differences in sensitivity to DEP between parental HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3, gene expression profiling was carried out after DEP short-term exposure. Results revealed changes in genes involved in metabolism of xenobiotics and lipids, as well as inflammation. HBEC3 displayed a higher steady state of IL1B gene expression and release of IL-1β compared with T2-HBEC3. HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3 showed similar susceptibility towards DEP-induced genotoxic effects. Liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry was used to measure secretion of eicosanoids. Generally, major prostaglandin species were released in higher concentrations from T2-HBEC3 than from HBEC3 and several analytes were altered after DEP-exposure. In conclusion, long-term exposure to DEP-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. Differences between HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3 regarding baseline levels and DEP-induced changes of particularly CYP1A1, IL-1β, PGE2, and PGF2α may have implications for acute inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iselin Rynning
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jiri Neca
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Vrbova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Libalova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Department of Air and Noise
| | - Kristine B Gützkow
- Division of Infection Control, Department of Molecular Biology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anani K Johnny Afanou
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yke J Arnoldussen
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Hruba
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Øivind Skare
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Aage Haugen
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Steen Mollerup
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
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15
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Zhu J, Chen Y, Shang J, Zhu T. Effects of air/fuel ratio and ozone aging on physicochemical properties and oxidative potential of soot particles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:883-891. [PMID: 33395809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fuel combustion conditions and atmospheric aging processes can affect the physicochemical properties of soot particles, which further change the oxidative potential (OP) of soot. In this study, we generated two soot samples under higher and lower air/fuel ratio (A/F) conditions, and further treated them with ozone (O3) at a level similar to that in the polluted atmosphere. The physicochemical properties and OP values (measured by dithiothreitol (DTT) assay, OPDTT) of fresh and ozonised soot samples were compared to investigate the influences of A/F and O3 aging. Both A/F and O3 aging significantly affected soot physicochemical properties and OPDTT values. Lower A/F was favourable for generating soot particles containing more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and light-absorbing organics, but fewer oxygen-containing groups. After O3 aging, a decline in PAHs and increase in oxygen-containing groups and WSOC were observed in both aged soot samples. In addition, both lower A/F and O3 aging enhanced soot OPDTT values. Soot generated under lower A/F was more sensitive to O3 aging, after which there was a significantly greater change in physicochemical characteristics, in turn contributing substantially to the greater OP increase observed in low-A/F soot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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16
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Holland NA, Fraiser CR, Sloan RC, Devlin RB, Brown DA, Wingard CJ. Ultrafine Particulate Matter Increases Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 17:441-450. [PMID: 28194639 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9402-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particulate matter (UFP) has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanisms that drive PM-associated cardiovascular disease and dysfunction remain unclear. We examined the impact of oropharyngeal aspiration of 100 μg UFP from the Chapel Hill, NC, air shed in Sprague-Dawley rats on cardiac function, arrhythmogenesis, and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury using a Langendorff working heart model. We found that exposure to UFP was capable of significantly exacerbating cardiac I/R injury without changing overall cardiac function or major changes in arrhythmogenesis. Cardiac I/R injury was attenuable with administration of cyclosporin A (CsA), suggesting a role for the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in UFP-associated cardiovascular toxicity. Isolated cardiac mitochondria displayed decreased Ca2+ buffering before opening of the mPTP. These findings suggest that UFP-induced expansion of cardiac I/R injury may be a result of mPTP Ca2+ sensitization resulting in increased mitochondrial permeability transition and potential initiation of mPTP-associated cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Holland
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Chad R Fraiser
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Ruben C Sloan
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Robert B Devlin
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Christopher J Wingard
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA. .,Lansing School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, Bellarmine University, 2001 Newburg Rd, Louisville, KY, 40205, USA.
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17
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Mohammadi A, Mahjoub S, Ghafarzadegan K, Nouri HR. Immunomodulatory effects of Thymol through modulation of redox status and trace element content in experimental model of asthma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:856-861. [PMID: 30021378 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the immunopathogenesis of asthma. The objective of this study was to investigate the thymol effects on oxidative parameters along with trace elements in asthma experimental model. The Balb/c mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin and thymol (8, 16 and 32 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (DEX) (2 mg/kg) were orally administered to sensitized mice. Oxidative stress parameters including protein carbonyl content, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) besides trace element levels were evaluated. The protein carbonyl content, MDA and 8-OHdG in treated mice with 32 mg/kg of thymol significantly decreased compared to asthmatic mice (P < 0.01). Also, TAC significantly increased (P < 0.001) as well as zinc and selenium levels while copper level decreased. 16 mg/kg of thymol reduced the protein carbonyl content, MDA and 8-OHdG compared to asthmatic mice (P < 0.05). In addition, thymol improved the most prominent inflammation characteristics of asthma. The obtained results suggest that thymol has a protective effect against oxidative stress and it was also able to partially restore the defective trace element levels in asthma. Based on our observations, thymol may be used for alternative / complementary therapy in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran
| | - Soleiman Mahjoub
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of MedicalSciences, Babol, I.R. Iran.
| | - Kamran Ghafarzadegan
- Research Center of Moayed Pathobiology Laboratory and Department of Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nouri
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran.
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18
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Xu H, Guinot B, Ho SSH, Li Y, Cao J, Shen Z, Niu X, Zhao Z, Liu S, Lei Y, Zhang Q, Sun J. Evaluation on exposures to particulate matter at a junior secondary school: a comprehensive study on health risks and effective inflammatory responses in Northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:849-863. [PMID: 29019007 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-0030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutant measurement and respiratory inflammatory tests were conducted at a junior secondary school in Xi'an, Northwestern China. Hazardous substances including particulate matters (PMs), black carbon (BC) and particle-bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified both indoors and outdoors of the school. Source characterization with organic tracers and particle-size distribution demonstrated that the school's air was mostly polluted by combustion emissions from the surrounding environment. The evaluation of health assessment related to air quality was conducted by two methods, including potential risk estimation of air pollutants and direct respiratory inflammatory test. The incremental lifetime cancer risks associated with PAHs were estimated and were 1.62 × 10-6 and 2.34 × 10-6, respectively, for indoor and outdoor fine PMs. Both the values exceeded the threshold value of 1 × 10-6, demonstrating that the carcinogenic PAHs are a health threat to the students. Respiratory inflammatory responses of 50 students who studied in the sample classroom were examined with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test, with the aid of health questionnaires. The average FeNO concentration was 17.4 ± 8.5 ppb, which was slightly lower than the recommended level of 20 ppb established by the American Thoracic Society for children. However, a wide distribution and 6% of the values were > 35 ppb, suggesting that the potentials were still high for eosinophilic inflammation and responsiveness to corticosteroids. A preliminary interpretation of the relationship between air toxins and respiratory inflammatory response demonstrated the high exposure cancer risks and inflammatory responses of the students to PMs in the city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Benjamin Guinot
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, 89512, USA.
| | - Yaqi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zhenxing Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyi Niu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suixin Liu
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Yali Lei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Low Dose Carbon Black Nanoparticle Exposure Does Not Aggravate Allergic Airway Inflammation in Mice Irrespective of the Presence of Surface Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8040213. [PMID: 29614747 PMCID: PMC5923543 DOI: 10.3390/nano8040213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to exogenous noxae, such as particulate matter, can trigger acute aggravations of allergic asthma—a chronic inflammatory airway disease. We tested whether Carbon Black nanoparticles (CBNP) with or without surface polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) aggravate an established allergic airway inflammation in mice. In an ovalbumin mouse model, Printex®90 (P90), P90 coated with benzo[a]pyrene (P90-BaP) or 9-nitroanthracene (P90-9NA), or acetylene soot exhibiting a mixture of surface PAH (AS-PAH) was administered twice (70 µL, 100 µg/mL) during an established allergic airway inflammation. We analyzed the immune cell numbers and chemokine/cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavages, the mRNA expressions of markers for PAH metabolism (Cyp1a1, 1b1), oxidative stress (HO-1, Gr, Gpx-3), inflammation (KC, Mcp-1, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17a), mucin synthesis (Muc5ac, Muc5b), the histology of mucus-producing goblet cells, ciliary beat frequency (CBF), and the particle transport speed. CBNP had a comparable primary particle size, hydrodynamic diameter, and ζ-potential, but differed in the specific surface area (P90 > P90-BaP = P90-9NA = AS-PAH) and surface chemistry. None of the CBNP tested increased any parameter related to inflammation. The unmodified P90, however, decreased the tracheal CBF, decreased the Muc5b in intrapulmonary airways, but increased the tracheal Muc5ac. Our results demonstrated that irrespective of the surface PAH, a low dose of CBNP does not acutely aggravate an established allergic airway inflammation in mice.
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Mei M, Song H, Chen L, Hu B, Bai R, Xu D, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Chen C. Early-life exposure to three size-fractionated ultrafine and fine atmospheric particulates in Beijing exacerbates asthma development in mature mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018. [PMID: 29540228 PMCID: PMC5851307 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have suggested that elevated levels of air pollution contribute to an increased incidence or severity of asthma. Although late-onset adult asthma seems to be more attributable to environmental risk factors, limited data is available on the impact of early-life exposure to size-fractionated ambient particulate matter (PM) on asthma in adults. We aimed to determine the effect on the development and exacerbation of asthma in the adult after the mice were exposed as juveniles to three size-fractionated ambient particulates collected from Beijing. METHODS The three size-fractionated ambient particulates were collected from urban Beijing in winter, heavily affected by traffic and coal-fired emissions. The typical morphological and major chemical components of the PM were characterized first. Oxidative stress and expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) were then examined in vitro and in the lungs of mouse pups 48 h after exposure to PM by oropharyngeal aspiration. When the exposed and control juvenile mice matured to adulthood, an antigen-induced asthma model was established and relevant bio-indices were assessed. RESULTS PM with different granularities can induce oxidative stress; in particular, F1, with the smallest size (< 0.49 μm), decreased the mRNA expression of DNMTs in vitro and in vivo the most significantly. In an asthma model of adult mice, previous exposure as juveniles to size-fractionated PM caused increased peribronchiolar inflammation, increased airway mucus secretion, and increased production of Th2 cytokines and chemokines. In general, F1 and F2 (aerodynamic diameter < 0.95 μm) particulates affected murine adult asthma development more seriously than F3 (0.95-1.5 μm). Moreover, F1 led to airway inflammation in the form of both increased neutrophils and eosinophils in BALF. The activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2 and Smad3/Stat3 signaling pathways leading to airway fibrosis was more profoundly induced by F1. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that exposure to ambient PM in juvenile mice enhanced adult asthma development, as shown by increased Th2 responses, which might be associated with the persistent effects resulting from the oxidative stress and decreased gene expression of DNMTs induced by PM exposure. The observed differences between the effects of three size-fractionated particulates were attributed to particle sizes and chemical constituents, including heavy metals and also PAHs, since the amounts of PAH associated with more severe toxicity were enriched equivalently in the F1 and F2 fractions. Relative to the often mentioned PM2.5, PM with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 0.95 μm had a more aggravating effect on asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haojun Song
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lina Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ru Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Diandou Xu
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience & Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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21
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Jung CR, Young LH, Hsu HT, Lin MY, Chen YC, Hwang BF, Tsai PJ. PM 2.5 components and outpatient visits for asthma: A time-stratified case-crossover study in a suburban area. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1085-1092. [PMID: 28922715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of fine particles (PM2.5) on asthma have been widely confirmed by epidemiological research studies. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the relationship between exposure to different PM2.5 components and asthma. We characterized the PM2.5 components in a suburban site of central Taiwan and conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study to elaborate the effects of daily concentration of each PM2.5 component on asthma outpatient visits. We retrieved asthma outpatient claims for individuals less than 20 years old with a residential address in the Shalu district, Taiwan, from the National Health Insurance Research Database during 2000-2010. Multiple linear regression models were used to back extrapolate the historic concentration of individual components of PM2.5 from 2000 through to 2010, including black carbon (BC) and eight ions, namely, sulfate, nitrate (NO3-), ammonium, chloride, potassium (K+), magnesium, calcium, sodium. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of individual PM2.5 components on asthma was estimated by conditional logistic regression. A total of 887 asthma outpatient visits with individuals who have an average age of 7.96±3.88 years were selected. After adjusting for confounders, we found an interquartile range (IQR) increase in BC level, an IQR increase in NO3- level, and an IQR increase in K+ level that were all associated with the increased risk of asthma outpatient visits from the current day (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05-1.34; OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01-1.21; and OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.30, respectively). The effects of these components on asthma were stronger in the cold season than in the warm season. However, we did not find any lagging effects. The results suggest that exposure to NO3-, BC, and K+ derived from industry-related combustion or motor vehicles emission sources may increase the risk of asthma outpatient visits, particularly during the cold season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau-Ren Jung
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hao Young
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Tsung Hsu
- Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Fang Hwang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Perng-Jy Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
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22
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Meldrum K, Guo C, Marczylo EL, Gant TW, Smith R, Leonard MO. Mechanistic insight into the impact of nanomaterials on asthma and allergic airway disease. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:45. [PMID: 29157272 PMCID: PMC5697410 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease known for its high susceptibility to environmental exposure. Inadvertent inhalation of engineered or incidental nanomaterials is a concern for human health, particularly for those with underlying disease susceptibility. In this review we provide a comprehensive analysis of those studies focussed on safety assessment of different nanomaterials and their unique characteristics on asthma and allergic airway disease. These include in vivo and in vitro approaches as well as human and population studies. The weight of evidence presented supports a modifying role for nanomaterial exposure on established asthma as well as the development of the condition. Due to the variability in modelling approaches, nanomaterial characterisation and endpoints used for assessment in these studies, there is insufficient information for how one may assign relative hazard potential to individual nanoscale properties. New developments including the adoption of standardised models and focussed in vitro and in silico approaches have the potential to more reliably identify properties of concern through comparative analysis across robust and select testing systems. Importantly, key to refinement and choice of the most appropriate testing systems is a more complete understanding of how these materials may influence disease at the cellular and molecular level. Detailed mechanistic insight also brings with it opportunities to build important population and exposure susceptibilities into models. Ultimately, such approaches have the potential to more clearly extrapolate relevant toxicological information, which can be used to improve nanomaterial safety assessment for human disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Meldrum
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Chang Guo
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Emma L Marczylo
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Timothy W Gant
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Rachel Smith
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Martin O Leonard
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK.
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Specific Surface Modifications of Silica Nanoparticles Diminish Inflammasome Activation and In Vivo Expression of Selected Inflammatory Genes. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7110355. [PMID: 29084176 PMCID: PMC5707572 DOI: 10.3390/nano7110355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) usage includes, but is not limited to, industrial and biomedical applications. Toxic effects of SiO2 NPs have been explored either in vitro or in vivo, assessing different surface modifications to reduce their harmful effects. Here, murine bone marrow-derived dendritic (BMDC) and a mouse model of mild allergic inflammation were used to study inflammasome activation and lung inflammation. Our results showed that SiO2 plain NPs induced NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, increasing interleukin (IL)-1β release in vitro, and, to a lesser extent, in vivo. In addition, SiO2 plain NPs triggered a pulmonary inflammatory milieu in both non-sensitized (NS) and sensitized (S) mice, by inducing the expression of key inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Electron microscopy showed that SiO2 NPs were mostly localized in alveolar macrophages, within vesicles and/or in phagolysosomes. Both the in vitro and the in vivo effects of SiO NPs were attenuated by coating NPs with phosphonate or amino groups, whereas PEGylation, although it mitigated inflammasome activation in vitro, was not a successful coating strategy in vivo. These findings highlight that multiple assays are required to determine the effect of surface modifications in limiting NPs inflammatory potential. Taken together, these data are obtained by comparing in vitro and in vivo effects of SiO2 NPs suggest the use of amino and phosphonate coating of silica NPs for commercial purposes and targeted applications, as they significantly reduce their proinflammatory potential.
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Stone V, Miller MR, Clift MJD, Elder A, Mills NL, Møller P, Schins RPF, Vogel U, Kreyling WG, Alstrup Jensen K, Kuhlbusch TAJ, Schwarze PE, Hoet P, Pietroiusti A, De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Baeza-Squiban A, Teixeira JP, Tran CL, Cassee FR. Nanomaterials Versus Ambient Ultrafine Particles: An Opportunity to Exchange Toxicology Knowledge. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:106002. [PMID: 29017987 PMCID: PMC5933410 DOI: 10.1289/ehp424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rich body of literature exists that has demonstrated adverse human health effects following exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM), and there is strong support for an important role of ultrafine (nanosized) particles. At present, relatively few human health or epidemiology data exist for engineered nanomaterials (NMs) despite clear parallels in their physicochemical properties and biological actions in in vitro models. OBJECTIVES NMs are available with a range of physicochemical characteristics, which allows a more systematic toxicological analysis. Therefore, the study of ultrafine particles (UFP, <100 nm in diameter) provides an opportunity to identify plausible health effects for NMs, and the study of NMs provides an opportunity to facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of UFP. METHODS A workshop of experts systematically analyzed the available information and identified 19 key lessons that can facilitate knowledge exchange between these discipline areas. DISCUSSION Key lessons range from the availability of specific techniques and standard protocols for physicochemical characterization and toxicology assessment to understanding and defining dose and the molecular mechanisms of toxicity. This review identifies a number of key areas in which additional research prioritization would facilitate both research fields simultaneously. CONCLUSION There is now an opportunity to apply knowledge from NM toxicology and use it to better inform PM health risk research and vice versa. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Stone
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Mark R Miller
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Alison Elder
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Nicholas L Mills
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF Leibniz-Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas A J Kuhlbusch
- Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
- Federal Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Duisburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Hoet
- Center for Environment and Health, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonio Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz
- Departmento de Toxicología, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), México City, México
| | | | - João Paulo Teixeira
- National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto–Epidemiology (ISPUP-EPI) Unit, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Lang Tran
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Pro-Inflammatory versus Immunomodulatory Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in the Lung: The Critical Role of Dose, Size and Surface Modification. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7100300. [PMID: 28961222 PMCID: PMC5666465 DOI: 10.3390/nano7100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in consumer products raises concerns about their toxicological potential. The purpose of the study was to investigate the size- and coating-dependent pulmonary toxicity of Ag-NPs in vitro and in vivo, using an ovalbumin (OVA)-mouse allergy model. Supernatants from (5.6-45 µg/mL) Ag50-PVP, Ag200-PVP or Ag50-citrate-treated NR8383 alveolar macrophages were tested for lactate dehydrogenase and glucuronidase activity, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. For the in vivo study, NPs were intratracheally instilled in non-sensitized (NS) and OVA-sensitized (S) mice (1-50 µg/mouse) prior to OVA-challenge and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) inflammatory infiltrate was evaluated five days after challenge. In vitro results showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Ag-NPs, which was highest for Ag50-polyvinilpyrrolidone (PVP), followed by Ag50-citrate, and lowest for Ag200-PVP. In vivo 10-50 µg Ag50-PVP triggered a dose-dependent pulmonary inflammatory milieu in NS and S mice, which was significantly higher in S mice and was dampened upon instillation of Ag200-PVP. Surprisingly, instillation of 1 µg Ag50-PVP significantly reduced OVA-induced inflammatory infiltrate in S mice and had no adverse effect in NS mice. Ag50-citrate showed similar beneficial effects at low concentrations and attenuated pro-inflammatory effects at high concentrations. The lung microbiome was altered by NPs instillation dependent on coating and/or mouse batch, showing the most pronounced effects upon instillation of 50 µg Ag50-citrate, which caused an increased abundance of operational taxonomic units assigned to Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. However, no correlation with the biphasic effect of low and high Ag-NPs dose was found. Altogether, both in vitro and in vivo data on the pulmonary effects of Ag-NPs suggest the critical role of the size, dose and surface functionalization of Ag-NPs, especially in susceptible allergic individuals. From the perspective of occupational health, care should be taken by the production of Ag-NPs-containing consumer products.
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26
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Differential Effects of Surface-Functionalized Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles on Alveolar Macrophages, Rat Lung, and a Mouse Allergy Model. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7090280. [PMID: 28925985 PMCID: PMC5618391 DOI: 10.3390/nano7090280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) may affect the lung via their chemical composition on the surface. Here, we compared the bioactivity of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) NPs coated with either aminopropilsilane (APTS), tetraoxidecanoic acid (TODS), polyethyleneglycol (PGA), or acrylic acid (Acryl). Supernatants from NPs-treated cultured alveolar macrophages (NR8383) tested for lactate dehydrogenase, glucuronidase, tumor necrosis factor α, and H2O2 formation revealed dose-dependent effects, with only gradual differences among particles whose gravitational settling and cellular uptake were similar. We selected TODS- and Acryl-coated NPs for intratracheal administration into the rat lung. Darkfield and hyperspectral microscopy combined with immunocytochemistry showed that both NPs qualities accumulate mainly within the alveolar macrophage compartment, although minute amounts also occurred in neutrophilic granulocytes. Dose-dependent signs of inflammation were found in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid on day 3 but no longer on day 21 post-application of ≥1.2 mg per lung; again only minor differences occurred between TODS- and Acryl-coated NPs. In contrast, the response of allergic mice was overall higher compared to control mice and dependent on the surface modification. Increases in eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages were highest following ZrO2-PGA administration, followed by ZrO2-Acryl, ZrO2-TODS, and ZrO2-APTS. We conclude that surface functionalization of ZrO2 NPs has minor effects on the inflammatory lung response of rats and mice, but is most relevant for an allergic mouse model. Allergic individuals may therefore be more susceptible to exposure to NPs with specific surface modifications.
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27
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An J, Zhou Q, Qian G, Wang T, Wu M, Zhu T, Qiu X, Shang Y, Shang J. Comparison of gene expression profiles induced by fresh or ozone-oxidized black carbon particles in A549 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:212-220. [PMID: 28410501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have showed an association between black carbon (BC) exposure and adverse health effects. This study intends to investigate the influence of oxidation processes in atmosphere on the initial cellular responses of BC. The changes of gene expressions induced by fresh BC (FBC) and ozone-oxidized BC (OBC) in human lung epithelial A549 cells were analyzed. And their toxic effects presented by viability, LDH release and DNA damage were compared. Totally 47, 000 genes in A549 cells were examined using Affymetrix Human U133 plus 2.0 chips. Some of the differentially expressed genes were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results showed that 1446 genes (including 756 up-regulated and 690 down-regulated) and 1594 genes (including 788 up-regulated and 806 down-regulated genes) were significantly changed by FBC and OBC respectively. Only 4 of 14 (FBC)/15 (OBC) oxidative stress related genes, up- or down-regulated by FBC and OBC, were identical; 13 of 29 (FBC)/31 (OBC) inflammation related genes, and 6 of 20 (FBC)/18 (OBC) autophagy related genes were identical. No obvious differences were observed between the toxic effects of FBC and OBC. The cytotoxicity of OBC and FBC in A549 cells is at least partially induced by oxidative stress and consequent inflammation or autophagy process. Previous studies indicated that OBC may be more toxic than FBC. However, our results suggested that FBC and OBC might lead to diverse toxic endpoints through activating different molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing An
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Meiying Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Shang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Yoshizaki K, Brito JM, Silva LF, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A, Frias DP, E Silva RCR, Amato-Lourenço LF, Saldiva PHN, de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério I, Mauad T, Macchione M. The effects of particulate matter on inflammation of respiratory system: Differences between male and female. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:284-295. [PMID: 28174048 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is known to exacerbate respiratory diseases and epidemiological studies have shown that women present more chronic respiratory symptoms than man exposed to traffic pollution, however, the reason why is unclear. This study evaluated the inflammatory differences in BALB/c mouse males (n=34) and females (n=111) in three phases of the estrous cycle that were exposed to ambient air (AA) or concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Tracheal hyperreactivity to methacholine, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemical of airways and lung parenchyma were studied. Hyperreactivity increased in CAPs-exposed female mice compared with AA-exposed mice in estrus (p<0.05) and proestrus phases (p<0.05) and decreased in CAPs-exposed males compared with those exposed to AA (p<0.05). Males had increased numbers of total cells (p=0.037) and macrophages (p=0.028) compared to females. BALF levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) (p=0.000), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) (p=0.001) and IL-8 receptor alpha (IL-8Rα) (p=0.014) were increased in males compared with proestrus, estrus and diestrus females, independent of exposure. Proestrus females exhibited significantly higher cadherin expression in lung parenchyma than did males (p=0.005). CAPs exposure increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (p=0.024) and isoprostane (p=0.003) expression in the airways of both, males and females. The level of substance P (SP) (p=0.001) increased in lung parenchyma in males compared with females, while IL-17 levels in airways (p=0.042) and in lung parenchyma (p=0.008) increased in females. MMP-9 levels (p=0.024) were significantly lower in the lung parenchyma of CAPs-exposed females. TGF-α (p=0.007) levels increased in the lung parenchyma of CAPs-exposed females compared to AA-exposed females. These results suggest that inflammatory markers differentially expressed in male mice were mostly linked to acute inflammation (IL-1β, IL-8Rα, COX-2), whereas in females, markers that may lead to a chronic inflammatory process such as IL-17 and remodeling (MMP-9) were increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Yoshizaki
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jôse Mára Brito
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Fernando Silva
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Perroni Frias
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Luís Fernando Amato-Lourenço
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariangela Macchione
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Pulmonary microRNA profiles identify involvement of Creb1 and Sec14l3 in bronchial epithelial changes in allergic asthma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46026. [PMID: 28383034 PMCID: PMC5382551 DOI: 10.1038/srep46026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is highly prevalent, but current therapies cannot influence the chronic course of the disease. It is thus important to understand underlying early molecular events. In this study, we aimed to use microRNAs (miRNAs) - which are critical regulators of signaling cascades - to identify so far uncharacterized asthma pathogenesis pathways. Therefore, deregulation of miRNAs was assessed in whole lungs from mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI). In silico predicted target genes were confirmed in reporter assays and in house-dust-mite (HDM) induced AAI and primary human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) cultured at the air-liquid interface. We identified and validated the transcription factor cAMP-responsive element binding protein (Creb1) and its transcriptional co-activators (Crtc1-3) as targets of miR-17, miR-144, and miR-21. Sec14-like 3 (Sec14l3) - a putative target of Creb1 - was down-regulated in both asthma models and in NHBE cells upon IL13 treatment, while it’s expression correlated with ciliated cell development and decreased along with increasing goblet cell metaplasia. Finally, we propose that Creb1/Crtc1-3 and Sec14l3 could be important for early responses of the bronchial epithelium to Th2-stimuli. This study shows that miRNA profiles can be used to identify novel targets that would be overlooked in mRNA based strategies.
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Sattler C, Moritz F, Chen S, Steer B, Kutschke D, Irmler M, Beckers J, Eickelberg O, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Adler H, Stoeger T. Nanoparticle exposure reactivates latent herpesvirus and restores a signature of acute infection. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:2. [PMID: 28069010 PMCID: PMC5223553 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inhalation of environmental (nano) particles (NP) as well as persistent herpesvirus-infection are potentially associated with chronic lung disease and as both are omnipresent in human society a coincidence of these two factors is highly likely. We hypothesized that NP-exposure of persistently herpesvirus-infected cells as a second hit might disrupt immune control of viral latency, provoke reactivation of latent virus and eventually lead to an inflammatory response and tissue damage. Results To test this hypothesis, we applied different NP to cells or mice latently infected with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) which provides a small animal model for the study of gammaherpesvirus-pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, NP-exposure induced expression of the typically lytic viral gene ORF50 and production of lytic virus. In vivo, lytic viral proteins in the lung increased after intratracheal instillation with NP and elevated expression of the viral gene ORF50 could be detected in cells from bronchoalveolar lavage. Gene expression and metabolome analysis of whole lung tissue revealed patterns with striking similarities to acute infection. Likewise, NP-exposure of human cells latently infected with Epstein-Barr-Virus also induced virus production. Conclusions Our results indicate that NP-exposure of persistently herpesvirus-infected cells – murine or human – restores molecular signatures found in acute virus infection, boosts production of lytic viral proteins, and induces an inflammatory response in the lung – a combination which might finally result in tissue damage and pathological alterations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0181-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sattler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Franco Moritz
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Research Unit BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Shanze Chen
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Beatrix Steer
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Marchioninistrasse 25, D-81377, Munich, Germany.,University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, D-81377, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), D-81377, Munich, Germany
| | - David Kutschke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Irmler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Experimental Genetics, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Experimental Genetics, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Research Unit BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Adler
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Marchioninistrasse 25, D-81377, Munich, Germany. .,University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, D-81377, Munich, Germany. .,Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), D-81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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31
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Reduced Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Capacity in Allergy and Asthma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 12 Suppl 2:S133-6. [PMID: 26595728 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201503-176aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In asthma, reactive oxygen species induce damage to biomolecules like proteins. This oxidative stress can promote inflammation, but its contribution to asthma pathology is controversial, not in the least because antioxidant interventions have proven rather unsuccessful. Recent studies indicate that the oxidative stress at baseline can be predictive of the fall in FEV1 upon an allergen challenge and of sensitization to an allergen. Interestingly, this baseline oxidative stress correlated with the capacity of antioxidant and cytoprotective responses to deal with reactive oxygen species, but not with inflammatory parameters. These findings have led to several considerations in relation to antioxidant trials that are discussed. Trials should be complemented by in-depth analyses of the failing antioxidant and cytoprotective responses and their consequences for cellular function in asthma.
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Cavaleiro Rufo J, Madureira J, Paciência I, Slezakova K, Pereira MDC, Aguiar L, Teixeira JP, Moreira A, Oliveira Fernandes E. Children exposure to indoor ultrafine particles in urban and rural school environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:13877-13885. [PMID: 27040535 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Extended exposure to ultrafine particles (UFPs) may lead to consequences in children due to their increased susceptibility when compared to older individuals. Since children spend in average 8 h/day in primary schools, assessing the number concentrations of UFPs in these institutions is important in order to evaluate the health risk for children in primary schools caused by indoor air pollution. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess and determine the sources of indoor UFP number concentrations in urban and rural Portuguese primary schools. Indoor and outdoor ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentrations were measured in six urban schools (US) and two rural schools (RS) located in the north of Portugal, during the heating season. The mean number concentrations of indoor UFPs were significantly higher in urban schools than in rural ones (10.4 × 10(3) and 5.7 × 10(3) pt/cm(3), respectively). Higher UFP levels were associated with higher squared meters per student, floor levels closer to the ground, chalk boards, furniture or floor covering materials made of wood and windows with double-glazing. Indoor number concentrations of ultrafine-particles were inversely correlated with indoor CO2 levels. In the present work, indoor and outdoor concentrations of UFPs in public primary schools located in urban and rural areas were assessed, and the main sources were identified for each environment. The results not only showed that UFP pollution is present in augmented concentrations in US when compared to RS but also revealed some classroom/school characteristics that influence the concentrations of UFPs in primary schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cavaleiro Rufo
- INEGI, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
- Epidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health (EPIUnit), University of Porto, Rua das Taipas n°135, Porto, 4050-600, Portugal.
| | | | - Inês Paciência
- INEGI, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Epidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health (EPIUnit), University of Porto, Rua das Taipas n°135, Porto, 4050-600, Portugal
| | - Klara Slezakova
- LEPABE, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria do Carmo Pereira
- LEPABE, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lívia Aguiar
- Epidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health (EPIUnit), University of Porto, Rua das Taipas n°135, Porto, 4050-600, Portugal
- National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4200-055, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Epidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health (EPIUnit), University of Porto, Rua das Taipas n°135, Porto, 4050-600, Portugal
- National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4200-055, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Moreira
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Current hypotheses on the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis assume that it is induced by a nondegradable antigen inducing immune reactions, which are mediated by a panel of immune cells of the innate and adoptive immune system. This immune reaction leads to an accumulation of immune cells that is mainly alveolar macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils in the lung. As the antigen persists and cannot be eliminated, the ongoing immune reaction results in granuloma formation and remodeling of the lung. The current review aims to elucidate the different roles of the cellular players in the immunopathogenesis of sarcoidosis.
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34
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Li N, Georas S, Alexis N, Fritz P, Xia T, Williams MA, Horner E, Nel A. A work group report on ultrafine particles (American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology): Why ambient ultrafine and engineered nanoparticles should receive special attention for possible adverse health outcomes in human subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:386-96. [PMID: 27130856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) are airborne particulates of less than 100 nm in aerodynamic diameter. Examples of UFPs are diesel exhaust particles, products of cooking, heating, and wood burning in indoor environments, and, more recently, products generated through the use of nanotechnology. Studies have shown that ambient UFPs have detrimental effects on both the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, including a higher incidence of atherosclerosis and exacerbation rate of asthma. UFPs have been found to alter in vitro and in vivo responses of the immune system to allergens and can also play a role in allergen sensitization. The inflammatory properties of UFPs can be mediated by a number of different mechanisms, including the ability to produce reactive oxygen species, leading to the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and airway inflammation. In addition, because of their small size, UFPs also have unique distribution characteristics in the respiratory tree and circulation and might be able to alter cellular function in ways that circumvent normal signaling pathways. Additionally, UFPs can penetrate intracellularly and potentially cause DNA damage. The recent advances in nanotechnology, although opening up new opportunities for the advancement of technology and medicine, could also lead to unforeseen adverse health effects in exposed human subjects. Further research is needed to clarify the safety of nanoscale particles, as well as the elucidation of the possible beneficial use of these particulates to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Pathology & Diagnostic Investigation, CVM, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Mich.
| | - Steve Georas
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY
| | - Neil Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Marc A Williams
- US Army Public Health Command, Toxicology Portfolio, Health Effects Research Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Md
| | | | - Andre Nel
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
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35
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Filep Á, Fodor GH, Kun-Szabó F, Tiszlavicz L, Rázga Z, Bozsó G, Bozóki Z, Szabó G, Peták F. Exposure to urban PM1 in rats: development of bronchial inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Respir Res 2016; 17:26. [PMID: 26966003 PMCID: PMC4785744 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several epidemiological and laboratory studies have evidenced the fact that atmospheric particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of respiratory morbidity. It is well known that the smallest fraction of PM (PM1 - particulate matter having a diameter below 1 μm) penetrates the deepest into the airways. The ratio of the different size fractions in PM is highly variable, but in industrial areas PM1 can be significant. Despite these facts, the health effects of PM1 have been poorly investigated and air quality standards are based on PM10 and PM2.5 (PM having diameters below 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively) concentrations. Therefore, this study aimed at determining whether exposure to ambient PM1 at a near alert threshold level for PM10 has respiratory consequences in rats. Methods Rats were either exposed for 6 weeks to 100 μg/m3 (alert threshold level for PM10 in Hungary) urban submicron aerosol, or were kept in room air. End-expiratory lung volume, airway resistance (Raw) and respiratory tissue mechanics were measured. Respiratory mechanics were measured under baseline conditions and following intravenous methacholine challenges to characterize the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AH). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed and lung histology was performed. Results No significant differences were detected in lung volume and mechanical parameters at baseline. However, the exposed rats exhibited significantly greater MCh-induced responses in Raw, demonstrating the progression of AH. The associated bronchial inflammation was evidenced by the accumulation of inflammatory cells in BALF and by lung histology. Conclusions Our findings suggest that exposure to concentrated ambient PM1 (mass concentration at the threshold level for PM10) leads to the development of mild respiratory symptoms in healthy adult rats, which may suggest a need for the reconsideration of threshold limits for airborne PM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Filep
- Department: MTA-SZTE Research Group on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary. .,Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary.
| | - Gergely H Fodor
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Korányi fasor 9, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Kun-Szabó
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary
| | - László Tiszlavicz
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Állomás u. 2, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Rázga
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Állomás u. 2, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bozsó
- Department of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Petrology, University of Szeged, H-6722, Szeged, Egyetem u. 2, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bozóki
- Department: MTA-SZTE Research Group on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary.,Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department: MTA-SZTE Research Group on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary.,Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Peták
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Korányi fasor 9, Hungary
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Shu S, Batteate C, Cole B, Froines J, Zhu Y. Air quality impacts of a CicLAvia event in Downtown Los Angeles, CA. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 208:170-176. [PMID: 26493865 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CicLAvia in Los Angeles, CA is the open streets program that closes streets to motorized vehicles and invites people to walk, run, play or ride their bicycles on these streets, allowing them to experience the city in a new way and get exercise at the same time. Since the events reduce the motorized traffic flow, which is a significant source of air pollution, on the streets, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the CicLAvia events can reduce the concentrations of traffic-emitted air pollutants during the road closure. This study is the first experiment to test this hypothesis. The on-road and community-wide ultrafine particle (UFP) and PM2.5 were measured on the Event-Sunday (October 5th, 2014) and the Pre- and Post- Sundays (September 28(th) and October 12(th), 2014). Data analysis results showed the on-road UFP and PM2.5 reduction was 21% and 49%, respectively, and the community-wide PM2.5 reduction was 12%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Shu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Christina Batteate
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian Cole
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - John Froines
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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37
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Krämer U, Buters J, Ring J, Behrendt H. Allergie und Umwelt. ALLERGOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Oeder S, Alessandrini F, Wirz OF, Braun A, Wimmer M, Frank U, Hauser M, Durner J, Ferreira F, Ernst D, Mempel M, Gilles S, Buters JTM, Behrendt H, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Schmidt-Weber C, Akdis M, Gutermuth J. Pollen-derived nonallergenic substances enhance Th2-induced IgE production in B cells. Allergy 2015. [PMID: 26214762 DOI: 10.1111/all.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cells play a central role in IgE-mediated allergies. In damaged airway epithelium, they are exposed directly to aeroallergens. We aimed to assess whether direct exposure of B cells to pollen constituents affects allergic sensitization. METHODS B cells from murine splenocytes and from blood samples of healthy donors were incubated for 8 days under Th2-like conditions with aqueous ragweed pollen extracts (Amb-APE) or its constituents. Secreted total IgM, IgG, and IgE was quantified by ELISA. Additionally, birch, grass, or pine-pollen extracts were tested. The number of viable cells was evaluated by ATP measurements. B-cell proliferation was measured by CFSE staining. IgE class switch was analyzed by quantitation of class switch transcripts. In an OVA/Alum i.p.-sensitization mouse model, Amb-APE was intranasally instilled for 11 consecutive days. RESULTS Upon Th2 priming of murine B cells, ragweed pollen extract caused a dose-dependent increase in IgE production, while IgG and IgM were not affected. The low-molecular-weight fraction and phytoprostane E1 (PPE1) increased IgE production, while Amb a 1 did not. PPE1 enhanced IgE also in human memory B cells. Under Th1 conditions, Amb-APE did not influence immunoglobulin secretion. The IgE elevation was not ragweed specific. It correlated with proliferation of viable B cells, but not with IgE class switch. In vivo, Amb-APE increased total IgE and showed adjuvant activity in allergic airway inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Aqueous pollen extracts, the protein-free fraction of Amb-APE, and the pollen-contained substance PPE1 specifically enhance IgE production in Th2-primed B cells. Thus, pollen-derived nonallergenic substances might be responsible for B-cell-dependent aggravation of IgE-mediated allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Oeder
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
| | - F. Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
| | - O. F. Wirz
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF); Davos Switzerland
| | - A. Braun
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; University Medical Center; Georg August University; Göttingen Germany
| | - M. Wimmer
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; UNIKA-T; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - U. Frank
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology; Helmholtz Center Munich; Neuherberg Germany
| | - M. Hauser
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Biology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - J. Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology; Helmholtz Center Munich; Neuherberg Germany
| | - F. Ferreira
- Department of Molecular Biology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - D. Ernst
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology; Helmholtz Center Munich; Neuherberg Germany
| | - M. Mempel
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; University Medical Center; Georg August University; Göttingen Germany
| | - S. Gilles
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; UNIKA-T; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - J. T. M. Buters
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
| | - H. Behrendt
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
| | - C. Traidl-Hoffmann
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education; CK-CARE; Davos Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; UNIKA-T; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - C. Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
| | - M. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF); Davos Switzerland
| | - J. Gutermuth
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM); Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Munich Germany
- Department of Dermatology; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels Belgium
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Jaligama S, Chen Z, Saravia J, Yadav N, Lomnicki SM, Dugas TR, Cormier SA. Exposure to Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil Burnoff Particulate Matter Induces Pulmonary Inflammation and Alters Adaptive Immune Response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:8769-8776. [PMID: 26115348 PMCID: PMC4526136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The ″in situ burning" of trapped crude oil on the surface of Gulf waters during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill released numerous pollutants, including combustion-generated particulate matter (PM). Limited information is available on the respiratory impact of inhaled in situ burned oil sail particulate matter (OSPM). Here we utilized PM collected from in situ burn plumes of the DWH oil spill to study the acute effects of exposure to OSPM on pulmonary health. OSPM caused dose-and time-dependent cytotoxicity and generated reactive oxygen species and superoxide radicals in vitro. Additionally, mice exposed to OSPM exhibited significant decreases in body weight gain, systemic oxidative stress in the form of increased serum 8-isoprostane (8-IP) levels, and airway inflammation in the form of increased macrophages and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Further, in a mouse model of allergic asthma, OSPM caused increased T helper 2 cells (Th2), peribronchiolar inflammation, and increased airway mucus production. These findings demonstrate that acute exposure to OSPM results in pulmonary inflammation and alteration of innate/adaptive immune responses in mice and highlight potential respiratory effects associated with cleaning up an oil spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Jaligama
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 North Dunlap Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
- Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
| | - Zaili Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Jordy Saravia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 North Dunlap Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
- Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
| | - Nikki Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 North Dunlap Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
- Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
| | - Slawomir M. Lomnicki
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Tammy R. Dugas
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
| | - Stephania A. Cormier
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 North Dunlap Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
- Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, United States
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Kroker M, Sydlik U, Autengruber A, Cavelius C, Weighardt H, Kraegeloh A, Unfried K. Preventing carbon nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation reduces antigen-specific sensitization and subsequent allergic reactions in a mouse model. Part Fibre Toxicol 2015; 12:20. [PMID: 26141115 PMCID: PMC4491258 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-015-0093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure of the airways to carbonaceous nanoparticles can contribute to the development of immune diseases both via the aggravation of the allergic immune response in sensitized individuals and by adjuvant mechanisms during the sensitization against allergens. The cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in these adverse pathways are not completely understood. We recently described that the reduction of carbon nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation by the application of the compatible solute ectoine reduced the aggravation of the allergic response in an animal system. In the current study we investigated the influence of carbon nanoparticles on the sensitization of animals to ovalbumin via the airways. Ectoine was used as a preventive strategy against nanoparticle-induced neutrophilic lung inflammation. METHODS Balb/c mice were repetitively exposed to the antigen ovalbumin after induction of airway inflammation by carbon nanoparticles, either in the presence or in the absence of ectoine. Allergic sensitization was monitored by measurement of immunoglobulin levels and immune responses in lung and lung draining lymph nodes after challenge. Furthermore the role of dendritic cells in the effect of carbon nanoparticles was studied in vivo in the lymph nodes but also in vitro using bone marrow derived dendritic cells. RESULTS Animals exposed to antigen in the presence of carbon nanoparticles showed increased effects with respect to ovalbumin sensitization, to the allergic airway inflammation after challenge, and to the specific TH2 response in the lymph nodes. The presence of ectoine during the sensitization significantly reduced these parameters. The number of antigen-loaded dendritic cells in the draining lymph nodes was identified as a possible cause for the adjuvant effect of the nanoparticles. In vitro assays indicate that the direct interaction of the particles with dendritic cells is not able to trigger CCR7 expression, while this endpoint is achieved by lung lavage fluid from nanoparticle-exposed animals. CONCLUSIONS Using the intervention strategy of applying ectoine into the airways of animals we were able to demonstrate the relevance of neutrophilic lung inflammation for the adjuvant effect of carbon nanoparticles on allergic sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kroker
- IUF - Leibniz Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sydlik
- IUF - Leibniz Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Autengruber
- IUF - Leibniz Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Klaus Unfried
- IUF - Leibniz Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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van Berlo D, Hullmann M, Schins RPF. Toxicology of ambient particulate matter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 101:165-217. [PMID: 22945570 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7643-8340-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that inhalation exposure to particulate matter (PM) can lead to or exacerbate various diseases, which are not limited to the lung but extend to the cardiovascular system and possibly other organs and tissues. Epidemiological studies have provided strong evidence for associations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchitis and cardiovascular disease, while the evidence for a link with lung cancer is less strong. Novel research has provided first hints that exposure to PM might lead to diabetes and central nervous system (CNS) pathology. In the current review, an overview is presented of the toxicological basis for adverse health effects that have been linked to PM inhalation. Oxidative stress and inflammation are discussed as central processes driving adverse effects; in addition, profibrotic and allergic processes are implicated in PM-related diseases. Effects of PM on key cell types considered as regulators of inflammatory, fibrotic and allergic mechanisms are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiën van Berlo
- Particle Research, Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Rosa MJ, Yan B, Chillrud SN, Acosta LM, Divjan A, Jacobson JS, Miller RL, Goldstein IF, Perzanowski MS. Domestic airborne black carbon levels and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate among children in New York City. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 135:105-10. [PMID: 25262082 PMCID: PMC4346209 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to airborne black carbon (BC) has been associated with asthma development, respiratory symptoms and decrements in lung function. However, the mechanism through which BC may lead to respiratory symptoms has not been completely elucidated. Oxidative stress has been suggested as a potential mechanism through which BC might lead to adverse health outcomes. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) allows for the non-invasive collection of airway lining fluid containing biomarkers of oxidative stress like 8-isoprostane, a stable by-product of lipid peroxidation. Therefore, we sought to characterize the association between domestic airborne BC concentrations and 8-isoprostane in EBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven- and eight-year-old children participated in an asthma case-control study in New York City. During home visits, air samples and EBC were collected. Seven day averages of domestic levels of particulate matter <2.5μm (PM2.5), BC and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were measured. Urea and 8-isoprostane were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) in EBC. RESULTS In univariate models, PM2.5 and BC, but not ETS, were significantly associated with increases in 8-isoprostane in the EBC (β=0.006 and β=0.106 respectively, p<0.05 for both). These associations remained statistically significant for both PM2.5 and BC after adjustment for covariates. In a co-pollutant model including PM2.5, BC and ETS, only BC remained a statistically significant predictor of 8-isoprostane (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the BC fraction of PM might contain exposure relevant to increased oxidative stress in the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jose Rosa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Comer Building, Rm 203, Palisades, NY 10964, United States.
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Comer Building, Rm 203, Palisades, NY 10964, United States.
| | - Luis M Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Judith S Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, R732, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia, University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W 168th Street, PHE-101, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Inge F Goldstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, R732, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
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Fung CCD, Shu S, Zhu Y. Ultrafine particles generated from coloring with scented markers in the presence of ozone. INDOOR AIR 2014; 24:503-510. [PMID: 24547888 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFPs) have been previously reported during school art activities. This is possibly due to secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) formed from reactions between ozone and volatile organic compounds emitted from art products. Four brands of markers, three scented and one unscented, were tested inside a stainless steel chamber at eight different ozone concentrations between 0 and 300 ppb. Out of the 32 tested markers, only the lemon- and orange-scented markers from one brand reacted with ozone to form UFPs. Limonene, pinene, and several other terpenes were identified as ingredients of ink in SOA-forming markers. Coloring with one lemon-scented marker for 1 min without ozone generated on average approximately 26 ± 4 ppb of limonene inside the chamber. At 150 ppb ozone, using one lemon marker for 1 min formed on average 7.7 × 10(10) particles. The particle size distribution indicated an initial mode of 15 nm which grew to 40 nm. At 50 ppb ozone and below, no significant SOA formation occurred. The number of particles formed is moderately correlated with the mass of ink used (R(2) = 0.68). Based on these data, scented markers are not likely a strong source of SOA under normal indoor ozone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C D Fung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Boland S, Hussain S, Baeza-Squiban A. Carbon black and titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce distinct molecular mechanisms of toxicity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 6:641-52. [PMID: 25266826 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence link nanomaterials with adverse biological outcomes and due to the variety of applications and potential human exposures to nanoparticles, it is thus important to evaluate their toxicity for the risk assessment of workers and consumers. It is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms of their toxicity as observation of similar effects after different nanomaterial exposures does not reflect similar intracellular processing and organelle interactions. A thorough understanding of mechanisms is needed not only for accurate prediction of potential toxicological impacts but also for the development of safer nanoapplications by modulating the physicochemical characteristics. Furthermore biomedical applications may also take advantage of an in depth knowledge about the mode of action of nanotoxicity to design new nanoparticle-derived drugs. In the present manuscript we discuss the similarities and differences in molecular pathways of toxicity after carbon black (CB) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticle exposures and identify the main toxicity mechanisms induced by these two nanoparticles which may also be indicative for the mode of action of other insoluble nanomaterials. We address the translocation, cell death induction, genotoxicity, and inflammation induced by TiO₂ and CB nanoparticles which depend on their internalization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production capacities and/or protein interactions. We summarize their distinct cellular mechanisms of toxicity and the crucial steps which may be targeted to avoid adverse effects or to induce them for nanomedical purposes. Several physicochemical characteristics could influence these general toxicity pathways depicted here and the identification of common toxicity pathways could support the grouping of nanomaterials in terms of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Boland
- Univ Paris Diderot, (Sorbonne Paris Cité), UMR 8251 CNRS, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics (RMCX), Paris, France
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Schaumann F, Frömke C, Dijkstra D, Alessandrini F, Windt H, Karg E, Müller M, Winkler C, Braun A, Koch A, Hohlfeld JM, Behrendt H, Schmid O, Koch W, Schulz H, Krug N. Effects of ultrafine particles on the allergic inflammation in the lung of asthmatics: results of a double-blinded randomized cross-over clinical pilot study. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:39. [PMID: 25204642 PMCID: PMC4354282 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) might aggravate the allergic inflammation of the lung in asthmatics. METHODS We exposed 12 allergic asthmatics in two subgroups in a double-blinded randomized cross-over design, first to freshly generated ultrafine carbon particles (64 μg/m³; 6.1 ± 0.4 × 10⁵ particles/cm³ for 2 h) and then to filtered air or vice versa with a 28-day recovery period in-between. Eighteen hours after each exposure, grass pollen was instilled into a lung lobe via bronchoscopy. Another 24 hours later, inflammatory cells were collected by means of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). ( TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00527462) RESULTS: For the entire study group, inhalation of UFP by itself had no significant effect on the allergen induced inflammatory response measured with total cell count as compared to exposure with filtered air (p = 0.188). However, the subgroup of subjects, which inhaled UFP during the first exposure, exhibited a significant increase in total BAL cells (p = 0.021), eosinophils (p = 0.031) and monocytes (p = 0.013) after filtered air exposure and subsequent allergen challenge 28 days later. Additionally, the potential of BAL cells to generate oxidant radicals was significantly elevated at that time point. The subgroup that was exposed first to filtered air and 28 days later to UFP did not reveal differences between sessions. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that pre-allergen exposure to UFP had no acute effect on the allergic inflammation. However, the subgroup analysis lead to the speculation that inhaled UFP particles might have a long-term effect on the inflammatory course in asthmatic patients. This should be reconfirmed in further studies with an appropriate study design and sufficient number of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schaumann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | - Dorothea Dijkstra
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung research (DZL), Munich, Germany, Munich, Germany.
| | - Horst Windt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Erwin Karg
- Cooperationgroup Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA), Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Meike Müller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Carla Winkler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Armin Koch
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Jens Michael Hohlfeld
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Heidrun Behrendt
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung research (DZL), Munich, Germany, Munich, Germany.
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Koch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Norbert Krug
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1a, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.
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Baeza-Squiban A. [Physio-pathological impacts of inhaled nanoparticles]. Biol Aujourdhui 2014; 208:151-8. [PMID: 25190574 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2014019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are defined as materials with any external dimension in the nanoscale or having an internal structure or surface structure in the nanoscale, approximately 1 nm to 100 nm. They exhibit new or reinforced properties as compared to the same material at the micrometric scale, providing a benefit in numerous technological applications. However, their specific surface properties in addition to their shape, composition, size are suspected to elicit adverse responses from biological systems, underlining the need for a thorough hazard assessment. Increasing use of nanomaterials in industrial as well as consumer products extends the possibilities of environmental and occupational human exposures. During all their life cycle, from their production to their destruction through their use, engineered nanoparticles can be released and the respiratory route is one of the main unintentional routes of exposure. Although the respiratory tract is equipped with efficient clearance mechanisms, there is increasing evidence that nanoparticles exhibit an ability to cross biological barriers, getting access to the bloodstream and secondary target organs. Different features of nanomaterials (size, form, surface reactivity...) contribute to their internalization and translocation through the respiratory barrier. Short term inhalation exposure to nanoparticles induces pulmonary inflammation the extent of which is dependent on the type of nanoparticles according to shape, size, solubility...Oxidative stress is considered as a major toxicity pathway triggered by nanomaterials as they can intrinsically produce reactive oxygen species or induced the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species or anti-oxidant depletion upon interaction with cells. Alternative mechanisms are suspected, related to the ability of nanoparticles to interact with proteins. As they get in contact with biological fluids, nanoparticles are covered by a protein corona that modifies their interactions with cells, their fate and their effects. There is still a need to increase our mechanistic understanding of the toxicological events triggered by nanomaterials in order to provide relevant data for risk assessment as well as in helping to develop nanomaterials with a safer design.
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Allen JL, Liu X, Weston D, Prince L, Oberdörster G, Finkelstein JN, Johnston CJ, Cory-Slechta DA. Developmental exposure to concentrated ambient ultrafine particulate matter air pollution in mice results in persistent and sex-dependent behavioral neurotoxicity and glial activation. Toxicol Sci 2014; 140:160-78. [PMID: 24690596 PMCID: PMC4081635 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain appears to be a target of air pollution. This study aimed to further ascertain behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms of our previously observed preference for immediate reward (Allen, J. L., Conrad, K., Oberdorster, G., Johnston, C. J., Sleezer, B., and Cory-Slechta, D. A. (2013). Developmental exposure to concentrated ambient particles and preference for immediate reward in mice. Environ. Health Perspect. 121, 32-38), a phenotype consistent with impulsivity, in mice developmentally exposed to inhaled ultrafine particles. It examined the impact of postnatal and/or adult concentrated ambient ultrafine particles (CAPS) or filtered air on another behavior thought to reflect impulsivity, Fixed interval (FI) schedule-controlled performance, and extended the assessment to learning/memory (novel object recognition (NOR)), and locomotor activity to assist in understanding behavioral mechanisms of action. In addition, levels of brain monoamines and amino acids, and markers of glial presence and activation (GFAP, IBA-1) were assessed in mesocorticolimbic brain regions mediating these cognitive functions. This design produced four treatment groups/sex of postnatal/adult exposure: Air/Air, Air/CAPS, CAPS/Air, and CAPS/CAPS. FI performance was adversely influenced by CAPS/Air in males, but by Air/CAPS in females, effects that appeared to reflect corresponding changes in brain mesocorticolimbic dopamine/glutamate systems that mediate FI performance. Both sexes showed impaired short-term memory on the NOR. Mechanistically, cortical and hippocampal changes in amino acids raised the potential for excitotoxicity, and persistent glial activation was seen in frontal cortex and corpus callosum of both sexes. Collectively, neurodevelopment and/or adulthood CAPS can produce enduring and sex-dependent neurotoxicity. Although mechanisms of these effects remain to be fully elucidated, findings suggest that neurodevelopment and/or adulthood air pollution exposure may represent a significant underexplored risk factor for central nervous system diseases/disorders and thus a significant public health threat even beyond current appreciation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacob N Finkelstein
- Department of Environmental Medicine Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Carl J Johnston
- Department of Environmental Medicine Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Deborah A Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine Rochester, New York 14642
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Acute glutathione depletion leads to enhancement of airway reactivity and inflammation via p38MAPK-iNOS pathway in allergic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 22:222-9. [PMID: 24978607 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) plays a major role in allergic airway responses through a variety of mechanism which include direct scavenging of oxidative species, being a reducing equivalent and regulation of cellular signaling through redox sensitive mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of acute GSH depletion on airway reactivity, inflammation and NO signaling in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase was used for depletion of GSH levels. Acute depletion of GSH with BSO worsened allergen induced airway reactivity and inflammation through increase in nitrosative stress as reflected by increased inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression, total nitrates and nitrites (NOx), nitrotyrosine, protein carbonyls, and decreased total antioxidant capacity. Treatment with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and iNOS inhibitors attenuated the effects of GSH depletion on airway reactivity and inflammation through attenuation of nitrosative stress as evidenced by a decrease in NOx, nitrotyrosine, protein carbonyls and increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC). In conclusion, these data suggest that acute depletion of glutathione is associated with alteration of airway responses through an increase in nitrosative stress in allergic airways of mice.
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Arantes-Costa FM, Grund LZ, Martins MA, Lima C. Airborne pollutant ROFA enhances the allergic airway inflammation through direct modulation of dendritic cells in an uptake-dependent mechanism. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 22:9-20. [PMID: 24975839 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that airborne pollutants are important cofactors in the exacerbation of lung diseases. The role of DC on the exacerbation of lung inflammation induced by particulate matter pollutants is unclear. We evaluated the effects of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) on the phenotype and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro and lung dendritic cells (DCs) in vivo, and the subsequent T-cell response. In a model of asthma, exposure to ROFA exacerbated pulmonary inflammation, which was attributed to the increase of eosinophils, IL-5- and IFN-γ-producing T cells, and goblet cells as well as decreased number of Treg and pDC. However, the ROFA showed no ability to modulate the production of anaphylactic IgE. In vitro studies showed that ROFA directly induced the maturation of DCs up-regulating the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and cytokines and MMP production in an uptake-dependent and oxidative stress-dependent manner. Furthermore, ROFA-pulsed BMDC transferred to allergic mice exacerbated eosinophilic inflammation as well as promoted increased epithelial and goblet cells changes. Thus, pollutants may constitute an important and risk factor in the exacerbation of asthma with inhibition of the negative regulatory signals in the lung, with enhanced mDC activation that sustains the recruitment of effector T lymphocytes and eosinophil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Magalhaes Arantes-Costa
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, Sao Paulo CEP 05503-009, SP, Brazil; Laboratório de Terapêutica Experimental (LIM20), Faculdade de Medicina da USP, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 1220, Sao Paulo CEP 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Zito Grund
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, Sao Paulo CEP 05503-009, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Arruda Martins
- Laboratório de Terapêutica Experimental (LIM20), Faculdade de Medicina da USP, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 1220, Sao Paulo CEP 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, Sao Paulo CEP 05503-009, SP, Brazil.
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Marzaioli V, Aguilar-Pimentel JA, Weichenmeier I, Luxenhofer G, Wiemann M, Landsiedel R, Wohlleben W, Eiden S, Mempel M, Behrendt H, Schmidt-Weber C, Gutermuth J, Alessandrini F. Surface modifications of silica nanoparticles are crucial for their inert versus proinflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2815-32. [PMID: 24940059 PMCID: PMC4051720 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s57396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in diverse industrial and biomedical applications. Their applicability depends on surface modifications, which can limit potential health problems. Objective To assess the potential impact of SiO2 NP exposure and NPs chemical modifications in allergic airway inflammation. Methods Mice were sensitized by five repetitive intraperitoneal injections of ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide (1 μg) over 42 days, then intratracheally instilled with plain or modified SiO2 NPs (50 μg/mouse), and subsequently aerosol challenged for 20 minutes with ovalbumin. One or 5 days later, allergic inflammation was evaluated by cell differentiation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung function and gene expression and histopathology, as well as electron and confocal microscopy of pulmonary tissue. Results Plain SiO2 NPs induced proinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in vivo, highlighted by enhanced infiltration of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, induction of a pulmonary T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine pattern, differentiation of type 2 macrophages, and by morphological changes in the lung of sensitized mice. These effects were dramatically attenuated using surface-functionalized NPs with amino and phosphate groups, but not with polyethylene glycol. The role of macrophages in taking up SiO2 NPs was confirmed by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and gene expression analysis. Conclusion Our data suggest that amino and phosphate surface modifications, but not polyethylene glycol (PEG), mitigate the proinflammatory and immunomodulatory effect of SiO2 NPs in allergic airway inflammation, paving the way for new strategies in the production of nanomaterials with lower health impact for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Marzaioli
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Juan Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität München (TUM) and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Weichenmeier
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Luxenhofer
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Mempel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heidrun Behrendt
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Gutermuth
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany ; Department of Dermatology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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