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Liu X, Liu B, Luo X, Liu Z, Tan X, Zhu K, Ouyang F. Research progress on the role of p53 in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respir Investig 2024; 62:541-550. [PMID: 38643536 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. At present, the definitive pathology of PAH has not been elucidated and its effective treatment remains lacking. Despite PAHs having multiple pathogeneses, the cancer-like characteristics of cells have been considered the main reason for PAH progression. RECENT FINDINGS p53 protein, an important tumor suppressor, regulates a multitude of gene expressions to maintain normal cellular functions and suppress the progression of malignant tumors. Recently, p53 has been found to exert multiple biological effects on cardiovascular diseases. Since PAH shares similar metabolic features with cancer cells, the regulatory roles of p53 in PAH are mainly the induction of cell cycle, inhibition of cell proliferation, and promotion of apoptosis. SUMMARY This paper summarized the advanced findings on the molecular mechanisms and regulatory functions of p53 in PAH, aiming to reveal the potential therapeutic targets for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Taojiang County People's Hospital, No.328 Taohuaxi Road, Taohuajiang Town, Taojiang County, Yiyang City, 413499, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China.
| | - Fan Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China.
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Lemay SE, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Potus F, Boucherat O. A HIF-2α-dependent KMT2E-AS1/KMT2E axis orchestrates endothelial epigenetic and metabolic dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:55. [PMID: 38911559 PMCID: PMC11193557 DOI: 10.21037/atm-24-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Eve Lemay
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - François Potus
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
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Koziol-White C, Gebski E, Cao G, Panettieri RA. Precision cut lung slices: an integrated ex vivo model for studying lung physiology, pharmacology, disease pathogenesis and drug discovery. Respir Res 2024; 25:231. [PMID: 38824592 PMCID: PMC11144351 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) have emerged as a sophisticated and physiologically relevant ex vivo model for studying the intricacies of lung diseases, including fibrosis, injury, repair, and host defense mechanisms. This innovative methodology presents a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between traditional in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models, offering researchers a more accurate representation of the intricate microenvironment of the lung. PCLS require the precise sectioning of lung tissue to maintain its structural and functional integrity. These thin slices serve as invaluable tools for various research endeavors, particularly in the realm of airway diseases. By providing a controlled microenvironment, precision-cut lung slices empower researchers to dissect and comprehend the multifaceted interactions and responses within lung tissue, thereby advancing our understanding of pulmonary pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Eric Gebski
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Gaoyaun Cao
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Ranasinghe ADCU, Tennakoon TMPB, Schwarz MA. Emerging Epigenetic Targets and Their Molecular Impact on Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension. Cells 2024; 13:244. [PMID: 38334636 PMCID: PMC10854593 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a terminal disease characterized by severe pulmonary vascular remodeling. Unfortunately, targeted therapy to prevent disease progression is limited. Here, the vascular cell populations that contribute to the molecular and morphological changes of PH in conjunction with current animal models for studying vascular remodeling in PH will be examined. The status quo of epigenetic targeting for treating vascular remodeling in different PH subtypes will be dissected, while parallel epigenetic threads between pulmonary hypertension and pathogenic cancer provide insight into future therapeutic PH opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Margaret A. Schwarz
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1234 Notre Dame Ave, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
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Tai YY, Yu Q, Tang Y, Sun W, Kelly NJ, Okawa S, Zhao J, Schwantes-An TH, Lacoux C, Torrino S, Aaraj YA, Khoury WE, Negi V, Liu M, Corey CG, Belmonte F, Vargas SO, Schwartz B, Bhat B, Chau BN, Karnes JH, Satoh T, Barndt RJ, Wu H, Parikh VN, Wang J, Zhang Y, McNamara D, Li G, Speyer G, Wang B, Shiva S, Kaufman B, Kim S, Gomez D, Mari B, Cho MH, Boueiz A, Pauciulo MW, Southgate L, Trembath RC, Sitbon O, Humbert M, Graf S, Morrell NW, Rhodes CJ, Wilkins MR, Nouraie M, Nichols WC, Desai AA, Bertero T, Chan SY. Allele-specific control of rodent and human lncRNA KMT2E-AS1 promotes hypoxic endothelial pathology in pulmonary hypertension. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadd2029. [PMID: 38198571 PMCID: PMC10947529 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxic reprogramming of vasculature relies on genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic circuitry, but the control points are unknown. In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease driven by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-dependent vascular dysfunction, HIF-2α promoted expression of neighboring genes, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) histone lysine N-methyltransferase 2E-antisense 1 (KMT2E-AS1) and histone lysine N-methyltransferase 2E (KMT2E). KMT2E-AS1 stabilized KMT2E protein to increase epigenetic histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), driving HIF-2α-dependent metabolic and pathogenic endothelial activity. This lncRNA axis also increased HIF-2α expression across epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional contexts, thus promoting a positive feedback loop to further augment HIF-2α activity. We identified a genetic association between rs73184087, a single-nucleotide variant (SNV) within a KMT2E intron, and disease risk in PAH discovery and replication patient cohorts and in a global meta-analysis. This SNV displayed allele (G)-specific association with HIF-2α, engaged in long-range chromatin interactions, and induced the lncRNA-KMT2E tandem in hypoxic (G/G) cells. In vivo, KMT2E-AS1 deficiency protected against PAH in mice, as did pharmacologic inhibition of histone methylation in rats. Conversely, forced lncRNA expression promoted more severe PH. Thus, the KMT2E-AS1/KMT2E pair orchestrates across convergent multi-ome landscapes to mediate HIF-2α pathobiology and represents a key clinical target in pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yin Tai
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Qiujun Yu
- Cardiovascular Division, Department Of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. louis, Mo 63110, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Neil J. Kelly
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Va Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Satoshi Okawa
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jingsi Zhao
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, In 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, In 46202, USA
| | - Caroline Lacoux
- Université côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, IHU RespiERA, Sophia-Antipolis, 06903, France
| | - Stephanie Torrino
- Université côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, IHU RespiERA, Sophia-Antipolis, 06903, France
| | - Yassmin Al Aaraj
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wadih El Khoury
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Vinny Negi
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Catherine G. Corey
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical center children’s hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Frances Belmonte
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sara O. Vargas
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Bal Bhat
- Translate Bio, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | | | - Jason H. Karnes
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Taijyu Satoh
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Robert J. Barndt
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Haodi Wu
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Victoria N. Parikh
- Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Dennis McNamara
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Gil Speyer
- Research Computing, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brett Kaufman
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Seungchan Kim
- Center for Computational Systems Biology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Roy G. Perry college of Engineering, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
| | - Delphine Gomez
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bernard Mari
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, In 46202, USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adel Boueiz
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael W. Pauciulo
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Laura Southgate
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2lS, UK
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Richard C. Trembath
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2lS, UK
| | - Olivier Sitbon
- Université Paris–Saclay, INSERM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, 94270, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris–Saclay, INSERM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, 94270, France
| | - Stefan Graf
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
- NIHR Bioresource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, NHS Blood and Transplant, Long Road, Cambridge, CB2 2PT, UK
| | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
- Centessa Pharmaceuticals, Altrincham, Cheshire, WA14 2DT, UK
| | | | - Martin R. Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6lY, UK
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - William C. Nichols
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ankit A. Desai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, In 46202, USA
| | - Thomas Bertero
- Université côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, IHU RespiERA, Sophia-Antipolis, 06903, France
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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6
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Man HSJ, Moosa VA, Singh A, Wu L, Granton JT, Juvet SC, Hoang CD, de Perrot M. Unlocking the potential of RNA-based therapeutics in the lung: current status and future directions. Front Genet 2023; 14:1281538. [PMID: 38075698 PMCID: PMC10703483 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1281538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Awareness of RNA-based therapies has increased after the widespread adoption of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. These mRNA vaccines had a significant impact on reducing lung disease and mortality. They highlighted the potential for rapid development of RNA-based therapies and advances in nanoparticle delivery systems. Along with the rapid advancement in RNA biology, including the description of noncoding RNAs as major products of the genome, this success presents an opportunity to highlight the potential of RNA as a therapeutic modality. Here, we review the expanding compendium of RNA-based therapies, their mechanisms of action and examples of application in the lung. The airways provide a convenient conduit for drug delivery to the lungs with decreased systemic exposure. This review will also describe other delivery methods, including local delivery to the pleura and delivery vehicles that can target the lung after systemic administration, each providing access options that are advantageous for a specific application. We present clinical trials of RNA-based therapy in lung disease and potential areas for future directions. This review aims to provide an overview that will bring together researchers and clinicians to advance this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. S. Jeffrey Man
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vaneeza A. Moosa
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anand Singh
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Licun Wu
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John T. Granton
- Division of Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen C. Juvet
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chuong D. Hoang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Yang K, Xiao Y, Zhong L, Zhang W, Wang P, Ren Y, Shi L. p53-regulated lncRNAs in cancers: from proliferation and metastasis to therapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1456-1470. [PMID: 37679529 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as master gene regulators through various mechanisms such as transcription, translation, protein modification and RNA-protein complexes. LncRNA dysregulation is frequently associated with a variety of biological functions and human diseases including cancer. The p53 network is a key tumor-suppressive mechanism that transcriptionally activates target genes to suppress cellular proliferation in human malignancies. Recent research indicates that lncRNAs play an important role in the p53 signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of lncRNAs in p53-relevant functions and provide an overview of how these altered lncRNAs contribute to tumor initiation and progression. We also discuss the association between lncRNA and up- or downstream genes of p53. These findings imply that lncRNAs can help identify cellular vulnerabilities that may prove to be promising potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Yang
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Xiao
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghui Zhong
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyang Zhang
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075131, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Ren
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Johnson S, Sommer N, Cox-Flaherty K, Weissmann N, Ventetuolo CE, Maron BA. Pulmonary Hypertension: A Contemporary Review. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:528-548. [PMID: 37450768 PMCID: PMC10492255 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202302-0327so] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Major advances in pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with lung disease, and chronic thromboembolic PH cast new light on the pathogenetic mechanisms, epidemiology, diagnostic approach, and therapeutic armamentarium for pulmonary vascular disease. Here, we summarize key basic, translational, and clinical PH reports, emphasizing findings that build on current state-of-the-art research. This review includes cutting-edge progress in translational pulmonary vascular biology, with a guide to the diagnosis of patients in clinical practice, incorporating recent PH definition revisions that continue emphasis on early detection of disease. PH management is reviewed including an overview of the evolving considerations for the approach to treatment of PH in patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities, as well as a discussion of the groundbreaking sotatercept data for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelsey Johnson
- The Pulmonary Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Corey E. Ventetuolo
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Bradley A. Maron
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
- The University of Maryland-Institute for Health Computing, Bethesda, Maryland
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9
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Pullamsetti SS, Sitapara R, Osterhout R, Weiss A, Carter LL, Zisman LS, Schermuly RT. Pharmacology and Rationale for Seralutinib in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12653. [PMID: 37628831 PMCID: PMC10454154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex disorder characterized by vascular remodeling and a consequent increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. The histologic hallmarks of PAH include plexiform and neointimal lesions of the pulmonary arterioles, which are composed of dysregulated, apoptosis-resistant endothelial cells and myofibroblasts. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) α and β, colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor kit (c-KIT) are closely related kinases that have been implicated in PAH progression. In addition, emerging data indicate significant crosstalk between PDGF signaling and the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2)/transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor axis. This review will discuss the importance of the PDGFR-CSF1R-c-KIT signaling network in PAH pathogenesis, present evidence that the inhibition of all three nodes in this kinase network is a potential therapeutic approach for PAH, and highlight the therapeutic potential of seralutinib, currently in development for PAH, which targets these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Lung Vascular Epigenetics, Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung (CIGL), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Aulweg 132, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | | | | | - Astrid Weiss
- UGMLC Pulmonale Pharmakotherapie, Biomedizinisches Forschungszentrum Seltersberg (BFS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstraße 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | | | | | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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10
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Feng DD, Chen JH, Chen YF, Cao Q, Li BJ, Chen XQ, Jin R, Zhou GP. MALAT1 binds to miR-188-3p to regulate ALOX5 activity in the lung inflammatory response of neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Mol Immunol 2023; 160:67-79. [PMID: 37385102 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) causes high morbidity and mortality in infants, but no effective preventive or therapeutic agents have been developed to combat BPD. In this study, we assessed the expression of MALAT1 and ALOX5 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BPD neonates, hyperoxia-induced rat models and lung epithelial cell lines. Interestingly, we found upregulated expression of MALAT1 and ALOX5 in the experimental groups, along with upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines. According to bioinformatics prediction, MALAT1 and ALOX5 simultaneously bind to miR-188-3p, which was downregulated in the experimental groups above. Silencing MALAT1 or ALOX5 and overexpressing miR-188-3p inhibited apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of hyperoxia-treated A549 cells. Suppressing MALAT1 or overexpressing miR-188-3p increased the expression levels of miR-188-3p but decreased the expression levels of ALOX5. Moreover, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase assays showed that MALAT1 directly targeted miR-188-3p to regulate ALOX5 expression in BPD neonates. Collectively, our study demonstrates that MALAT1 regulates ALOX5 expression by binding to miR-188-3p, providing novel insights into potential therapeutics for BPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jia-He Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu-Fei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Yancheng Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Bing-Jie Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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11
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Luo H, Zhao L, Ou Z, Li T, Liu Y, Yu Z. Novel lncRNA LNC_000113 Drives the Activation of Pulmonary Adventitial Fibroblasts through Modulating PTEN/Akt/FoxO1 Pathway. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:262. [PMID: 37367427 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10060262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) is one of the key components of pulmonary arterial remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs may play fibrotic roles in a range of diseases. In this present study, we identified a novel lncRNA, LNC_000113, in pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) and characterised its role in the Galectin-3-induced activation of PAFs in rats. Galectin-3 led to elevated expression of lncRNA LNC_000113 in PAFs. The expression of this lncRNA was primarily PAF enriched. A progressive increase in lncRNA LNC_000113 expression was observed in rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. Knockdown of lncRNA LNC_000113 cancelled the Galectin-3's fibroproliferative effect on PAFs and prevented the transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. The loss-of-function study demonstrated that lncRNA LNC_000113 activated PAFs through the PTEN/Akt/FoxO1 pathway. These results propose lncRNA LNC_000113 drives the activation of PAFs and promotes fibroblast phenotypic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha (Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Central South University), Changsha 410005, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ziwei Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yanghong Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zaixin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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12
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Hafeez N, Kirillova A, Yue Y, Rao RJ, Kelly NJ, El Khoury W, Al Aaraj Y, Tai Y, Handen A, Tang Y, Jiang D, Wu T, Zhang Y, McNamara D, Kudryashova TV, Goncharova EA, Goncharov D, Bertero T, Nouraie M, Li G, Sun W, Chan SY. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs9277336 Controls the Nuclear Alpha Actinin 4-Human Leukocyte Antigen-DPA1 Axis and Pulmonary Endothelial Pathophenotypes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e027894. [PMID: 36974749 PMCID: PMC10122886 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex, fatal disease where disease severity has been associated with the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2856830, located near the human leukocyte antigen DPA1 (HLA-DPA1) gene. We aimed to define the genetic architecture of functional variants associated with PAH disease severity by identifying allele-specific binding transcription factors and downstream targets that control endothelial pathophenotypes and PAH. Methods and Results Electrophoretic mobility shift assays of oligonucleotides containing SNP rs2856830 and 8 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium revealed functional SNPs via allele-imbalanced binding to human pulmonary arterial endothelial cell nuclear proteins. DNA pulldown proteomics identified SNP-binding proteins. SNP genotyping and clinical correlation analysis were performed in 84 patients with PAH at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and in 679 patients with PAH in the All of Us database. SNP rs9277336 was identified as a functional SNP in linkage disequilibrium (r2>0.8) defined by rs2856830, and the minor allele was associated with decreased hospitalizations and improved cardiac output in patients with PAH, an index of disease severity. SNP pulldown proteomics showed allele-specific binding of nuclear ACTN4 (alpha actinin 4) protein to rs9277336 minor allele. Both ACTN4 and HLA-DPA1 were downregulated in pulmonary endothelium in human patients and rodent models of PAH. Via transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses, knockdown of HLA-DPA1 phenocopied knockdown of ACTN4, both similarly controlling cell structure pathways, immune pathways, and endothelial dysfunction. Conclusions We defined the pathogenic activity of functional SNP rs9277336, entailing the allele-specific binding of ACTN4 and controlling expression of the neighboring HLA-DPA1 gene. Through inflammatory or genetic means, downregulation of this ACTN4-HLA-DPA1 regulatory axis promotes endothelial pathophenotypes, providing a mechanistic explanation for the association between this SNP and PAH outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Hafeez
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Anna Kirillova
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Yunshan Yue
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
- School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Rashmi J. Rao
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Neil J. Kelly
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Wadih El Khoury
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Yassmin Al Aaraj
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Yi‐Yin Tai
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Adam Handen
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Ying Tang
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Danli Jiang
- The Aging InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
| | - Ting Wu
- The Aging InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Dennis McNamara
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Tatiana V. Kudryashova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCA
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCA
| | - Dmitry Goncharov
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCA
| | - Thomas Bertero
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR7275, IPMCValbonneFrance
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Gang Li
- The Aging InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
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13
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Yang X, Yang Y, Liu K, Zhang C. Traditional Chinese medicine monomers: Targeting pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation to treat pulmonary hypertension. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14916. [PMID: 37128338 PMCID: PMC10147991 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex multifactorial disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR), with high morbidity, disability, and mortality. The abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is the main pathological change causing PVR. At present, clinical treatment drugs for PH are limited, which can only improve symptoms and reduce hospitalization but cannot delay disease progression and reduce survival rate. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine monomers (TCMs) inhibit excessive proliferation of PASMCs resulting in alleviating PVR through multiple channels and multiple targets, which has attracted more and more attention in the treatment of PH. In this paper, the experimental evidence of inhibiting PASMCs proliferation by TCMs was summarized to provide some directions for the future development of these mentioned TCMs as anti-PH drugs in clinical.
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14
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Bernardi N, Bianconi E, Vecchi A, Ameri P. Noncoding RNAs in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Heart Fail Clin 2023; 19:137-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Sun Y, Jiang R, Hu X, Gong S, Wang L, Wu W, Li J, Kang X, Xia S, Liu J, Zhao Q, Yuan P. CircGSAP alleviates pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension via regulating miR-27a-3p/BMPR2 axis. Respir Res 2022; 23:322. [DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Our previous study showed that circular RNA-gamma-secretase-activating protein (circGSAP) was down-regulated in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs) in response to hypoxia, and regulated the cell cycle of PMECs via miR-942-5p sponge in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the mechanism whether circGSAP affects the dysfunction of PEMCs through other microRNAs (miRNAs) remains largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the underlying mechanisms of circGSAP regulating PMECs dysfunction by absorbing other miRNAs to regulate target genes in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH).
Methods
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining, Cell Counting Kit-8, Calcein-AM/PI staining, Transwell assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and ELISA were used to elucidate the roles of circGSAP.
Results
Here we showed that plasma circGSAP levels were significantly decreased in patients with IPAH and associated with poor outcomes. In vivo, circGSAP overexpression improved survival, and alleviated pulmonary vascular remodeling of monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH) rats. In vitro, circGSAP overexpression inhibited hypoxia-induced PMECs proliferation, migration and increased mortality by absorbing miR-27a-3p. BMPR2 was identified as a miR-27a-3p target gene. BMPR2 silencing ameliorated the effect of the miR-27a-3p inhibitor on PMECs proliferation,migration and mortality. The levels of BMPR2 were upregulated in circGSAP-overexpressed PMECs and lung tissues of MCT-PH rats.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated that circGSAP alleviated the dysfunction of PMECs via the increase of BMPR2 by competitively binding with miR-27a-3p, and mitigated pulmonary vascular remodeling of MCT-PH rats, providing potential therapeutic strategies for IPAH.
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16
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Rogula S, Pomirski B, Czyżak N, Eyileten C, Postuła M, Szarpak Ł, Filipiak KJ, Kurzyna M, Jaguszewski M, Mazurek T, Grabowski M, Gąsecka A. Biomarker-based approach to determine etiology and severity of pulmonary hypertension: Focus on microRNA. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:980718. [PMID: 36277769 PMCID: PMC9582157 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.980718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, and defined by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, measured during right heart catheterization. There are three main challenges to the diagnostic and therapeutic process of patients with PAH. First, it is difficult to differentiate particular PAH etiology. Second, invasive diagnostic is required to precisely determine the severity of PAH, and thus to qualify patients for an appropriate treatment. Third, the results of treatment of PAH are unpredictable and remain unsatisfactory. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate post transcriptional gene-expression. Their role as a prognostic, and diagnostic biomarkers in many different diseases have been studied in recent years. MiRNAs are promising novel biomarkers in PAH due to their activity in various molecular pathways and processes underlying PAH. Lack of biomarkers to differentiate between particular PAH etiology and evaluate the severity of PAH, as well as paucity of therapeutic targets in PAH open a new field for the possibility to use miRNAs in these applications. In our article, we discuss the potential of miRNAs use as diagnostic tools, prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Rogula
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,*Correspondence: Sylwester Rogula,
| | - Bartosz Pomirski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Norbert Czyżak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,Genomics Core Facility, Center of New Technologies (CeNT), University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postuła
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szarpak
- Department of Outcomes Research, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kurzyna
- Department of Pulmonary Circulation, Thromboembolic Diseases and Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, European Health Centre Otwock, Otwock, Poland
| | - Miłosz Jaguszewski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Grabowski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Lin Z, Zou J, Sui X, Yao S, Lin L, Wang J, Zhao J. Necroptosis-related lncRNA signature predicts prognosis and immune response for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinomas. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16285. [PMID: 36175606 PMCID: PMC9523019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, a programmed form of necrotic cell death, plays critical regulatory roles in the progression and metastatic spread of cancers such as cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC). However, there are few articles systematically analyzing the necroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (NRlncRNAs) correlated with CESC patients. Both RNA-sequencing and clinical data of CESC patients are downloaded from TCGA database in this study. Pearson correlation analysis, least absolute shrinkage, operator algorithm selection and Cox regression model are employed to screen and create a risk score model of eleven-NRlncRNAs (MIR100HG, LINC00996, SNHG30, LINC02688, HCG15, TUBA3FP, MIAT, DBH-AS1, ERICH6-AS1SCAT1, LINC01702) prognostic. Thereafter, a series of tests are carried out in sequence to evaluate the model for independent prognostic value. Gene set enrichment analytic paper, Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analytic paper make it clear that immune-related signaling pathways are very rich in the high-risk subgroup. Additionally, the prognostic risk score model is correlated to immune cell infiltration, potential immune checkpoint, immune function, immune micro-environmental and m6A-related gene. Mutation frequency in mutated genes and survival probability trend are higher in the low-risk subgroup in most of test cases when compared to the high-risk subgroup. This study constructs a renewed prognostic model of eleven-NRlncRNAs, which may make some contribution to accurately predicting the prognosis and the immune response from CESC patients, and improve the recognition of CESC patients and optimize customized treatment regimens to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Lin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Jiani Zou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Sui
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Shujuan Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Lidong Lin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Jiuling Wang
- Office of Medical Insurance Management, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Junde Zhao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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18
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Integrating epigenetics and metabolomics to advance treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115245. [PMID: 36096239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating vascular disease with multiple etiologies. Emerging evidence supports a fundamental role for epigenetic machinery and metabolism in the initiation and progression of PAH. Here, we summarize emerging epigenetic mechanisms that have been identified as contributors to PAH evolution, specifically, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. Furthermore, the interplay between epigenetics with metabolism is explored while new crosstalk targets to be investigated in PAH are proposed that highlight multi-omics strategies including integrated epigenomics and metabolomics. Therapeutic opportunities and challenges associated with epigenetics and metabolomics in PAH are examined, highlighting the role that epigenetics and metabolomics have in facilitating early detection, personalized dietary plans, and advanced drug therapy for PAH.
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Zhao JZ, Li QY, Lin JJ, Yang LY, Du MY, Wang Y, Liu KX, Jiang ZA, Li HH, Wang SF, Sun B, Mu SQ, Li B, Liu K, Gong M, Sun SG. Integrated analysis of tRNA-derived small RNAs in proliferative human aortic smooth muscle cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:47. [PMID: 35705912 PMCID: PMC9199163 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to vascular remodeling diseases. Recently, it has been discovered that tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a new type of noncoding RNAs, are related to the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. tsRNAs regulate target gene expression through miRNA-like functions. This study aims to explore the potential of tsRNAs in human aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) proliferation. Methods High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the tsRNA expression profile of proliferative and quiescent HASMCs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the sequence results and subcellular distribution of AS-tDR-001370, AS-tDR-000067, AS-tDR-009512, and AS-tDR-000076. Based on the microRNA-like functions of tsRNAs, we predicted target promoters and mRNAs and constructed tsRNA–promoter and tsRNA–mRNA interaction networks. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to reveal the function of target genes. EdU incorporation assay, Western blot, and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to detect the effects of tsRNAs on HASMC proliferation. Results Compared with quiescent HASMCs, there were 1838 differentially expressed tsRNAs in proliferative HASMCs, including 887 with increased expression (fold change > 2, p < 0.05) and 951 with decreased expression (fold change < ½, p < 0.05). AS-tDR-001370, AS-tDR-000067, AS-tDR-009512, and AS-tDR-000076 were increased in proliferative HASMCs and were mainly located in the nucleus. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the four tsRNAs involved a variety of GO terms and pathways related to VSMC proliferation. AS-tDR-000067 promoted HASMC proliferation by suppressing p53 transcription in a promoter-targeted manner. AS-tDR-000076 accelerated HASMC proliferation by attenuating mitofusin 2 (MFN2) levels in a 3′-untranslated region (UTR)-targeted manner. Conclusions During HASMC proliferation, the expression levels of many tsRNAs are altered. AS-tDR-000067 and AS-tDR-000076 act as new factors promoting VSMC proliferation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-022-00346-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Yao Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jia-Jie Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li-Yun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mei-Yang Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ke-Xin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ze-An Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Si-Fan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shi-Qing Mu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shao-Guang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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20
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Hsieh MCW, Wang WT, Yeh JL, Lin CY, Kuo YR, Lee SS, Hou MF, Wu YC. The Potential Application and Promising Role of Targeted Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061415. [PMID: 35740436 PMCID: PMC9220101 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare yet serious progressive disorder that is currently incurable. This female-predominant disease unfolds as a pan-vasculopathy that affects all layers of the vessel wall. Five classes of pharmacological agents currently exist to target the three major cellular signaling pathways identified in PAH but are incapable of effectively reversing the disease progression. While several targets have been identified for therapy, none of the current PAH specific therapies are curative and cost-effective as they fail to reverse vascular remodeling and do not address the cancer-like features of PAH. Our purpose is to review the current literature on the therapeutic management of PAH, as well as the molecular targets under consideration for therapy so as to shed light on the potential role and future promise of novel strategies in treating this high-mortality disease. This review study summarizes and discusses the potential therapeutic targets to be employed against PAH. In addition to the three major conventional pathways already used in PAH therapy, targeting PDGF/PDGFR signaling, regulators in glycolytic metabolism, PI3K/AKT pathways, mitochondrial heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins by using their specific inhibitors, or a pharmacological induction of the p53 expression, could be attractive strategies for treating PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chien Willie Hsieh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chuang-Yu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yur-Ren Kuo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Su-Shin Lee
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Wu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 7675)
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21
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Deng L, Han X, Wang Z, Nie X, Bian J. The Landscape of Noncoding RNA in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060796. [PMID: 35740920 PMCID: PMC9220981 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptome of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is complex and highly genetically heterogeneous, with noncoding RNA transcripts playing crucial roles. The majority of RNAs in the noncoding transcriptome are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with less circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are two characteristics gaining increasing attention in the forefront of RNA research field. These noncoding transcripts (especially lncRNAs and circRNAs) exert important regulatory functions in PH and emerge as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Recent technological advancements have established great momentum for discovery and functional characterization of ncRNAs, which include broad transcriptome sequencing such as bulk RNA-sequence, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, and RNA-protein/RNA interactions. In this review, we summarize the current research on the classification, biogenesis, and the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in the pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. Furthermore, we highlight the utility and challenges of using these ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutics in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (X.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.N.); (J.B.)
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22
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Li Y, Zhang J, Sun H, Yu X, Chen Y, Ma C, Zheng X, Zhang L, Zhao X, Jiang Y, Xin W, Wang S, Hu J, Wang M, Zhu D. RPS4XL encoded by lnc-Rps4l inhibits hypoxia-induced pyroptosis by binding HSC70 glycosylation site. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:920-934. [PMID: 35757299 PMCID: PMC9185019 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Li X, Zhang Y, Su L, Cai L, Zhang C, Zhang J, Sun J, Chai M, Cai M, Wu Q, Zhang C, Yan X, Wang L, Huang X. FGF21 alleviates pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting mTORC1/EIF4EBP1 pathway via H19. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3005-3021. [PMID: 35437883 PMCID: PMC9097832 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Our preliminary data showed that hypoxia‐induced PH is attenuated by fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) administration. Therefore, we further investigated the regulatory role of long non‐coding RNAs in PH treated with FGF21. RNA sequencing analysis and real‐time PCR identified a significantly up‐regulation of the H19 after FGF21 administration. Moreover, gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assays demonstrated that FGF21 suppressed hypoxia‐induced proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells partially through upregulation of H19. In addition, FGF21 deficiency markedly exacerbated hypoxia‐induced increases of pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular remodelling. In addition, AAV‐mediated H19 overexpression reversed the malignant phenotype of FGF21 knockout mice under hypoxia expose. Further investigation uncovered that H19 also acted as an orchestra conductor that inhibited the function of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by disrupting the interaction of mTORC1 with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E–binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1). Our work highlights the important role of H19 in PH treated with FGF21 and suggests a mechanism involving mTORC1/EIF4EBP1 inhibition, which may provide a fundamental for clinical application of FGF21 in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchun Li
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lihuang Su
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Luqiong Cai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jianhao Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Sun
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mengyu Chai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mengsi Cai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications at Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications at Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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LncRNAS—modulators of neurovascular units in diabetic retinopathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174937. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Lin S, Wen Z, Li S, Chen Z, Li C, Ouyang Z, Lin C, Kuang M, Xue C, Ding Y. LncRNA Neat1 promotes the macrophage inflammatory response and acts as a therapeutic target in titanium particle-induced osteolysis. Acta Biomater 2022; 142:345-360. [PMID: 35151924 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening (AL), secondary to particle-caused periprosthetic osteolysis, is one of the main reasons of artificial joint failure. Suppressing the macrophage inflammatory response caused by wear particles extends the life of prosthesis, and the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play a predominant part in it. Here, titanium particles' (TiPs') stimulation increases both the cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of lncRNA Neat1 in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs), which further induces the inflammatory response. Mechanically, Neat1 facilitates Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) transcription by reducing the transcriptional factor KLF4, which further activates the NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammation, and M1 polarization in BMDMs. Cytoplasmic Neat1 also works as an miRNA sponge in miR-188-5p-regulated BTK expression in the post-transcriptional stage. In vivo, Neat1 downregulation can reduce the TiP-induced pro-inflammatory factors and reverse the osteolysis induced by BTK overexpression. In addition, the PLGA-based microparticles loaded with si-Neat1 are developed for the treatment of the mouse calvarial osteolysis model via local injection, presenting satisfactory anti-osteolysis efficacy. These findings indicate that Neat1 is a key regulator of AL. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Due to released particles, aseptic loosening (AL) is the most common reason for prosthesis failure and surgical revision and represents a substantial economic burden worldwide. Herein, we reported that lncRNA Neat1 is a key regulator in regulating wear particles-induced osteolysis by activating NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammation and M1 polarization via BTK, and the underlying mechanisms of Neat1-BTK interaction were further portrayed. For potential clinical application, the microparticles are developed for effective si-Neat1 delivery, leading to a dramatically enhanced effect for the treatment of osteolysis, which might be a novel strategy to extend the life of the implant.
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Valasarajan C, Karger A, Savai R, Pullamsetti SS. LncRNAs: Emerging Regulators of PDGF Signaling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:473-475. [PMID: 35286816 PMCID: PMC9116363 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0029ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chanil Valasarajan
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 28258, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Annika Karger
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 28258, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 28258, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen, 9175, Department of Internal Medicine, Giessen, Germany
| | - Soni S Pullamsetti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 28258, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen, 9175, Department of Internal Medicine, Giessen, Germany;
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27
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Deng L, Chen J, Chen B, Wang T, Yang L, Liao J, Yi J, Chen Y, Wang J, Linneman J, Niu Y, Gou D. LncPTSR Triggers Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension by Regulating [Ca2+]i in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:524-538. [PMID: 35148256 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0480oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by vascular remodeling and sustained increase in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP). The molecular mechanisms behind PH development remain unclear. Here, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) attenuated by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) was identified and its functional roles were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Using RNA-seq data and rapid amplification of cDNA ends, a lncRNA neighboring the locus of plasma membrane calcium transporting ATPase 4 (PMCA4) was identified and named lncPTSR. It is a highly-conserved nuclear lncRNA, and was downregulated in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) with PDGF-BB stimulation or hypoxia induction. Gene interruption/overexpression assays revealed that lncPTSR negatively regulates rat PASMCs proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. LncPTSR interruption in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using adenovirus associated virus type 9 (AAV9)-mediated short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) resulted in a significant increase in RVSP and vascular remodeling in normoxic condition. LncPTSR knockdown also suppressed PMCA4 expression and attenuated the intracellular Ca2+ efflux of PASMCs in vitro and in vivo. Further studies suggest a complex cross-talk between lncPTSR and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway: inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) abolishes the PDGF-BB-mediated lncPTSR downregulation, and lncPTSR plays a feedback regulation for MAPK signaling molecules. The present study suggests that lncPTSR participates in pulmonary artery (PA) remodeling via modulating the expression of PMCA4 and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis downstream of PDGF-BB driven MEK/ERK signaling. These results suggest lncPTSR may be a promising therapeutic target in PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Deng
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China;
| | | | - Bin Chen
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Liao
- Guangzhou Medical University, 26468, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbo Yi
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, 26468, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- University of California San Diego, 8784, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - John Linneman
- Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, 12275, St Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Yanqin Niu
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, China
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28
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Ho L, Hossen N, Nguyen T, Vo A, Ahsan F. Epigenetic Mechanisms as Emerging Therapeutic Targets and Microfluidic Chips Application in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010170. [PMID: 35052850 PMCID: PMC8773438 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease that progress over time and is defined as an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance that frequently leads to right-ventricular (RV) failure and death. Epigenetic modifications comprising DNA methylation, histone remodeling, and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been established to govern chromatin structure and transcriptional responses in various cell types during disease development. However, dysregulation of these epigenetic mechanisms has not yet been explored in detail in the pathology of pulmonary arterial hypertension and its progression with vascular remodeling and right-heart failure (RHF). Targeting epigenetic regulators including histone methylation, acetylation, or miRNAs offers many possible candidates for drug discovery and will no doubt be a tempting area to explore for PAH therapies. This review focuses on studies in epigenetic mechanisms including the writers, the readers, and the erasers of epigenetic marks and targeting epigenetic regulators or modifiers for treatment of PAH and its complications described as RHF. Data analyses from experimental cell models and animal induced PAH models have demonstrated that significant changes in the expression levels of multiple epigenetics modifiers such as HDMs, HDACs, sirtuins (Sirt1 and Sirt3), and BRD4 correlate strongly with proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis linked to the pathological vascular remodeling during PAH development. The reversible characteristics of protein methylation and acetylation can be applied for exploring small-molecule modulators such as valproic acid (HDAC inhibitor) or resveratrol (Sirt1 activator) in different preclinical models for treatment of diseases including PAH and RHF. This review also presents to the readers the application of microfluidic devices to study sex differences in PAH pathophysiology, as well as for epigenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (N.H.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (F.A.); Tel.: +1-916-686-7370 (L.H.); +1-916-686-3529 (F.A.)
| | - Nazir Hossen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (N.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Trieu Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (N.H.); (T.N.)
- East Bay Institute for Research & Education (EBIRE), Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Au Vo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Fakhrul Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (N.H.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (F.A.); Tel.: +1-916-686-7370 (L.H.); +1-916-686-3529 (F.A.)
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Kelly NJ, Chan SY. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Emerging Principles of Precision Medicine across Basic Science to Clinical Practice. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:378. [PMID: 36875282 PMCID: PMC9980296 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2311378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an enigmatic and deadly vascular disease with no known cure. Recent years have seen rapid advances in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of PAH, with an expanding knowledge of the molecular, cellular, and systems-level drivers of disease that are being translated into novel therapeutic modalities. Simultaneous advances in clinical technology have led to a growing list of tools with potential application to diagnosis and phenotyping. Guided by fundamental biology, these developments hold the potential to usher in a new era of personalized medicine in PAH with broad implications for patient management and great promise for improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Kelly
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine and Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute; Division of Cardiology; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine and Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute; Division of Cardiology; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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30
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Zang H, Zhang Q, Li X. Non-Coding RNA Networks in Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Genet 2021; 12:703860. [PMID: 34917122 PMCID: PMC8669616 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.703860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in various cellular processes. There are several ncRNA classes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). The detailed roles of these molecules in pulmonary hypertension (PH) remain unclear. We systematically collected and reviewed reports describing the functions of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) in PH through database retrieval and manual literature reading. The characteristics of identified articles, especially the experimental methods, were carefully reviewed. Furthermore, regulatory networks were constructed using ncRNAs and their interacting RNAs or genes. These data were extracted from studies on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, pulmonary artery endothelial cells, and pulmonary artery fibroblasts. We included 14 lncRNAs, 1 circRNA, 74 miRNAs, and 110 mRNAs in the constructed networks. Using these networks, herein, we describe the current knowledge on the role of ncRNAs in PH. Moreover, these networks actively provide an improved understanding of the roles of ncRNAs in PH. The results of this study are crucial for the clinical application of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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31
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Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by obliteration and obstruction of the pulmonary arterioles that in turn results in high right ventricular afterload and right heart failure. The pathobiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension is complex, with contributions from multiple pathophysiologic processes that are regulated by a variety of molecular mechanisms. This nature likely explains the limited efficacy of our current therapies, which only target a small portion of the pathobiological mechanisms that underlie advanced disease. Here we review the pathobiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension, focusing on the systemic, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that underlie the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Room 128A Hanes House, 330 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Yen-Rei A Yu
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, 12605 E. 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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32
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Xu D, Dai R, Chi H, Ge W, Rong J. Long Non-Coding RNA MEG8 Suppresses Hypoxia-Induced Excessive Proliferation, Migration and Inflammation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Regulation of the miR-195-5p/RECK Axis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697273. [PMID: 34790697 PMCID: PMC8592128 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recognized that rebalancing the abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) helps relieve vascular injury. Presently, we aim to investigate whether long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed 8 (MEG8) plays a role in affecting the excessive proliferation and migration of VSMCs following hypoxia stimulation. A percutaneous transluminal angioplasty balloon dilatation catheter was adopted to establish vascular intimal injury, the levels of MEG8 and miR-195-5p in the carotid artery were tested by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Hypoxia was used to stimulate VSMCs, then the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transnwell assay, and wound healing assay were conducted to evaluate the proliferation, and migration of VSMCs. The protein levels of RECK (reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with kazal motifs), MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) 3/9/13, COX2 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit II), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1beta, VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1), ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1), and HIF-1α (hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha) were determined by western blot or cellular immunofluorescence. As the data showed, MEG8 was down-regulated in the carotid artery after balloon injury in rats and hypoxia-treated VSMCs, and miR-195-5p was overexpressed. Forced MEG8 overexpression or inhibiting miR-195-5p attenuated hypoxia-promoted cell proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In addition, miR-195-5p up-regulation reversed MEG8-mediated effects. Hypoxia hindered the RECK expression while boosted MMP3/9/13 levels, and the effect was markedly reversed with MEG8 up-regulation or miR-195-5p down-regulation. Mechanistically, MEG8 functioned as a competitive endogenous (ceRNA) by sponging miR-195-5p which targeted RECK. Moreover, the HIF-1α inhibitor PX478 prevented hypoxia-induced proliferation, and migration of VSMCs, upregulated MEG8, and restrained miR-195-5p expression. Overall, lncRNA MEG8 participated in hypoxia-induced excessive proliferation, inflammation and migration of VSMCs through the miR-195-5p/RECK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Ruozhu Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Ge
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfeng Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Long non-coding RNAs: novel regulators of cellular physiology and function. Pflugers Arch 2021; 474:191-204. [PMID: 34791525 PMCID: PMC8766390 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs were once considered as “junk” RNA produced by aberrant DNA transcription. They are now understood to play central roles in diverse cellular processes from proliferation and migration to differentiation, senescence and DNA damage control. LncRNAs are classed as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not encode a peptide. They are relevant to many physiological and pathophysiological processes through their control of fundamental molecular functions. This review summarises the recent progress in lncRNA research and highlights the far-reaching physiological relevance of lncRNAs. The main areas of lncRNA research encompassing their characterisation, classification and mechanisms of action will be discussed. In particular, the regulation of gene expression and chromatin landscape through lncRNA control of proteins, DNA and other RNAs will be introduced. This will be exemplified with a selected number of lncRNAs that have been described in numerous physiological contexts and that should be largely representative of the tens-of-thousands of mammalian lncRNAs. To some extent, these lncRNAs have inspired the current thinking on the central dogmas of epigenetics, RNA and DNA mechanisms.
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Yu X, Zheng Q, Zhang Q, Zhang S, He Y, Guo W. MCM3AP-AS1: An Indispensable Cancer-Related LncRNA. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:752718. [PMID: 34692706 PMCID: PMC8529123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.752718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules with transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that have no protein-coding ability. MCM3AP-AS1, a novel lncRNA, is aberrantly expressed in human cancers. It is significantly associated with many clinical characteristics, such as tumor size, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and pathological grade. Additionally, it considerably promotes or suppresses tumor progression by controlling the biological functions of cells. MCM3AP-AS1 is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment. In this review, we briefly summarized the published studies on the expression, biological function, and regulatory mechanisms of MCM3AP-AS1. We also discussed the clinical applications of MCM3AP-AS1 as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
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35
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Song J, Sun Y, Cao H, Liu Z, Xi L, Dong C, Yang R, Shi Y. A novel pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature for prognostic prediction in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5932-5949. [PMID: 34488540 PMCID: PMC8806662 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1972078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has been the major cause of tumor-associated mortality in recent years and has a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis is regulated via the activation of inflammasomes and participates in tumorigenesis. However, the effects of pyroptosis-related lncRNAs (PRlncRNAs) on LUAD have not yet been completely elucidated. Therefore, we attempted to systematically explore patterns of cell pyroptosis to establish a novel signature for predicting LUAD survival. Based on TCGA database, we set up a prognostic model by incorporating PRlncRNAs with differential expression using Cox regression and LASSO regression. Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to compare the survival of LUAD patients. We further simplified the risk model and created a nomogram to enhance the prediction of LUAD prognosis. Altogether, 84 PRlncRNAs with differential expression were discovered. Subsequently, a new risk model was constructed based on five PRlncRNAs, GSEC, FAM83A-AS1, AL606489.1, AL034397.3 and AC010980.2. The proposed signature exhibited good performance in prognostic prediction and was related to immunocyte infiltration. The nomogram exactly forecasted the overall survival of patients and had excellent clinical utility. In the present study, the five-lncRNA prognostic risk signature and nomogram are trustworthy and effective indicators for predicting the prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and The Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengcheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and The Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Xi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and The Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changqing Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and The Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rusong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and The Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and The Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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36
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy, characterized by the enlargement of cardiomyocytes, is initially an adaptive response to physiological and pathological stimuli. Decompensated cardiac hypertrophy is related to fibrosis, inflammatory cytokine, maladaptive remodeling, and heart failure. Although pathological myocardial hypertrophy is the main cause of hypertrophy-related morbidity and mortality, our understanding of its mechanism is still poor. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that regulate various physiological and pathological processes through multiple molecular mechanisms. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that lncRNA-H19 is a potent regulator of the progression of cardiac hypertrophy. For the first time, this review summarizes the current studies about the role of lncRNA-H19 in cardiac hypertrophy, including its pathophysiological processes and underlying pathological mechanism, including calcium regulation, fibrosis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and methylation. The context within which lncRNA-H19 might be developed as a target for cardiac hypertrophy treatment is then discussed to gain better insight into the possible biological functions of lncRNA-H19 in cardiac hypertrophy.
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37
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Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081892. [PMID: 34440661 PMCID: PMC8394897 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a debilitating condition of the pulmonary circulatory system that occurs in patients of all ages and if untreated, eventually leads to right heart failure and death. Despite existing medical treatment options that improve survival and quality of life, the disease remains incurable. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapies to treat this disease. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in pulmonary vascular remodeling and PAH. LncRNAs are implicated in pulmonary arterial endothelial dysfunction by modulating endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, endothelial mesenchymal transition, and metabolism. LncRNAs are also involved in inducing different pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, regulation of the phenotypic switching, and cell cycle. LncRNAs are essential regulators of gene expression that affect various diseases at the chromatin, transcriptional, post-translational, and even post-translational levels. Here, we focus on the role of LncRNAs and their molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of PAH. We also discuss the current research challenge and potential biomarker and therapeutic potentials of lncRNAs in PAH.
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38
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Lopez-Crisosto C, Arias-Carrasco R, Sepulveda P, Garrido-Olivares L, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Verdejo HE, Castro PF, Lavandero S. Novel molecular insights and public omics data in pulmonary hypertension. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166200. [PMID: 34144090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease with high morbidity and mortality which mainly affects women of reproductive age. Despite recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, the high heterogeneity in the presentation of the disease among different patients makes it difficult to make an accurate diagnosis and to apply this knowledge to effective treatments. Therefore, new studies are required to focus on translational and personalized medicine to overcome the lack of specificity and efficacy of current management. Here, we review the majority of public databases storing 'omics' data of pulmonary hypertension studies, from animal models to human patients. Moreover, we review some of the new molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, including non-coding RNAs and the application of 'omics' data to understand this pathology, hoping that these new approaches will provide insights to guide the way to personalized diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lopez-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Raul Arias-Carrasco
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo Sepulveda
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Garrido-Olivares
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Hugo E Verdejo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
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39
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Cui X, Pan G, Chen Y, Guo X, Liu T, Zhang J, Yang X, Cheng M, Gao H, Jiang F. The p53 pathway in vasculature revisited: A therapeutic target for pathological vascular remodeling? Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105683. [PMID: 34019981 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathological vascular remodeling contributes to the development of restenosis following intraluminal interventions, transplant vasculopathy, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Activation of the tumor suppressor p53 may counteract vascular remodeling by inhibiting aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and repressing vascular inflammation. In particular, the development of different lines of small-molecule p53 activators ignites the hope of treating remodeling-associated vascular diseases by targeting p53 pharmacologically. In this review, we discuss the relationships between p53 and pathological vascular remodeling, and summarize current experimental data suggesting that drugging the p53 pathway may represent a novel strategy to prevent the development of vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guopin Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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40
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Pienkos S, Gallego N, Condon DF, Cruz-Utrilla A, Ochoa N, Nevado J, Arias P, Agarwal S, Patel H, Chakraborty A, Lapunzina P, Escribano P, Tenorio-Castaño J, de Jesús Pérez VA. Novel TNIP2 and TRAF2 Variants Are Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:625763. [PMID: 33996849 PMCID: PMC8119639 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.625763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and right heart failure. Specific genetic variants increase the incidence of PAH in carriers with a family history of PAH, those who suffer from certain medical conditions, and even those with no apparent risk factors. Inflammation and immune dysregulation are related to vascular remodeling in PAH, but whether genetic susceptibility modifies the PAH immune response is unclear. TNIP2 and TRAF2 encode for immunomodulatory proteins that regulate NF-κB activation, a transcription factor complex associated with inflammation and vascular remodeling in PAH. Methods: Two unrelated families with PAH cases underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES). A custom pipeline for variant prioritization was carried out to obtain candidate variants. To determine the impact of TNIP2 and TRAF2 in cell proliferation, we performed an MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay on healthy lung pericytes transfected with siRNA specific for each gene. To measure the effect of loss of TNIP2 and TRAF2 on NF-kappa-beta (NF-κB) activity, we measured levels of Phospho-p65-NF-κB in siRNA-transfected pericytes using western immunoblotting. Results: We discovered a novel missense variant in the TNIP2 gene in two affected individuals from the same family. The two patients had a complex form of PAH with interatrial communication and scleroderma. In the second family, WES of the proband with PAH and primary biliary cirrhosis revealed a de novo protein-truncating variant in the TRAF2. The knockdown of TNIP2 and TRAF2 increased NF-κB activity in healthy lung pericytes, which correlated with a significant increase in proliferation over 24 h. Conclusions: We have identified two rare novel variants in TNIP2 and TRAF2 using WES. We speculate that loss of function in these genes promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling by allowing overactivation of the NF-κB signaling activity. Our findings support a role for WES in helping identify novel genetic variants associated with dysfunctional immune response in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Pienkos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Natalia Gallego
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute (INGEMM), IdiPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David F. Condon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Alejandro Cruz-Utrilla
- Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Ochoa
- Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute (INGEMM), IdiPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Intellectual Disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies (ITHACA), European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pedro Arias
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute (INGEMM), IdiPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Intellectual Disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies (ITHACA), European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stuti Agarwal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hiral Patel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ananya Chakraborty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute (INGEMM), IdiPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Intellectual Disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies (ITHACA), European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pilar Escribano
- Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castaño
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute (INGEMM), IdiPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Intellectual Disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies (ITHACA), European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vinicio A. de Jesús Pérez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Epigenetic Regulation of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-Induced Vascular and Right Ventricular Remodeling: New Opportunities? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238901. [PMID: 33255338 PMCID: PMC7727715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a rare chronic disease with high impact on patients’ quality of life and currently no available cure. PAH is characterized by constant remodeling of the pulmonary artery by increased proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), fibroblasts (FBs) and endothelial cells (ECs). This remodeling eventually leads to increased pressure in the right ventricle (RV) and subsequent right ventricle hypertrophy (RVH) which, when left untreated, progresses into right ventricle failure (RVF). PAH can not only originate from heritable mutations, but also develop as a consequence of congenital heart disease, exposure to drugs or toxins, HIV, connective tissue disease or be idiopathic. While much attention was drawn into investigating and developing therapies related to the most well understood signaling pathways in PAH, in the last decade, a shift towards understanding the epigenetic mechanisms driving the disease occurred. In this review, we reflect on the different epigenetic regulatory factors that are associated with the pathology of RV remodeling, and on their relevance towards a better understanding of the disease and subsequently, the development of new and more efficient therapeutic strategies.
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42
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Hafeez N, Chan SY. A New "TYK" Tok Era for the Study of Long Noncoding RNAs in Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:1339-1341. [PMID: 32726562 PMCID: PMC7667897 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202007-2632ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Hafeez
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute and
- Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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