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Tang AL, Li Y, Sun LC, Liu XY, Gao N, Yan ST, Zhang GQ. Xuebijing improves intestinal microcirculation dysfunction in septic rats by regulating the VEGF-A/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. World J Emerg Med 2024; 15:206-213. [PMID: 38855370 PMCID: PMC11153371 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2024.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to explore whether Xuebijing (XBJ) can improve intestinal microcirculation dysfunction in sepsis and its mechanism. METHODS A rat model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A total of 30 male SD rats were divided into four groups: sham group, CLP group, XBJ + axitinib group, and XBJ group. XBJ was intraperitoneally injected 2 h before CLP. Hemodynamic data (blood pressure and heart rate) were recorded. The intestinal microcirculation data of the rats were analyzed via microcirculation imaging. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the rats. Histological analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the injury of small intestinal microvascular endothelial cells and small intestinal mucosa in rats. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in the small intestine was analyzed via Western blotting. RESULTS XBJ improved intestinal microcirculation dysfunction in septic rats, alleviated the injury of small intestinal microvascular endothelial cells and small intestinal mucosa, and reduced the systemic inflammatory response. Moreover, XBJ upregulated the expression of VEGF-A, p-PI3K/total PI3K, and p-Akt/total Akt in the rat small intestine. CONCLUSION XBJ may improve intestinal microcirculation dysfunction in septic rats possibly through the VEGF-A/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-ling Tang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li-chao Sun
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-yu Liu
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sheng-tao Yan
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guo-qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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Korde A, Haslip M, Pednekar P, Khan A, Chioccioli M, Mehta S, Lopez-Giraldez F, Bermejo S, Rojas M, Dela Cruz C, Matthay MA, Pober JS, Pierce RW, Takyar SS. MicroRNA-1 protects the endothelium in acute lung injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164816. [PMID: 37737266 PMCID: PMC10561733 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cause severe endothelial dysfunction in the lung, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is elevated in ARDS. We found that the levels of a VEGF-regulated microRNA, microRNA-1 (miR-1), were reduced in the lung endothelium after acute injury. Pulmonary endothelial cell-specific (EC-specific) overexpression of miR-1 protected the lung against cell death and barrier dysfunction in both murine and human models and increased the survival of mice after pneumonia-induced ALI. miR-1 had an intrinsic protective effect in pulmonary and other types of ECs; it inhibited apoptosis and necroptosis pathways and decreased capillary leak by protecting adherens and tight junctions. Comparative gene expression analysis and RISC recruitment assays identified miR-1 targets in the context of injury, including phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), CNKSR family member 3 (CNKSR3), and TNF-α-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2). We validated miR-1-mediated regulation of ANGPT2 in both mouse and human ECs and found that in a 119-patient pneumonia cohort, miR-1 correlated inversely with ANGPT2. These findings illustrate a previously unknown role of miR-1 as a cytoprotective orchestrator of endothelial responses to acute injury with prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asawari Korde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Maria Haslip
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Prachi Pednekar
- Department of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Maurizio Chioccioli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sameet Mehta
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Santos Bermejo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine and Anesthesiology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Shervin S. Takyar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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3
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Shi X, Seidle KA, Simms KJ, Dong F, Chilian WM, Zhang P. Endothelial progenitor cells in the host defense response. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108315. [PMID: 36436689 PMCID: PMC9944665 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extensive injury of endothelial cells in blood vasculature, especially in the microcirculatory system, frequently occurs in hosts suffering from sepsis and the accompanied systemic inflammation. Pathological factors, including toxic components derived from invading microbes, oxidative stress associated with tissue ischemia/reperfusion, and vessel active mediators generated during the inflammatory response, are known to play important roles in mediating endothelial injury. Collapse of microcirculation and tissue edema developed from the failure of endothelial barrier function in vital organ systems, including the lung, brain, and kidney, are detrimental, which often predict fatal outcomes. The host body possesses a substantial capacity for maintaining vascular homeostasis and repairing endothelial damage. Bone marrow and vascular wall niches house endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In response to septic challenges, EPCs in their niche environment are rapidly activated for proliferation and angiogenic differentiation. In the meantime, release of EPCs from their niches into the blood stream and homing of these vascular precursors to tissue sites of injury are markedly increased. The recruited EPCs actively participate in host defense against endothelial injury and repair of damage in blood vasculature via direct differentiation into endothelial cells for re-endothelialization as well as production of vessel active mediators to exert paracrine and autocrine effects on angiogenesis/vasculogenesis. In recent years, investigations on significance of EPCs in host defense and molecular signaling mechanisms underlying regulation of the EPC response have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches for effective prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced vascular injury as well as vital organ system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kelly A Seidle
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kevin J Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America.
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4
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Pulmonary Fibrosis as a Result of Acute Lung Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms, Relevant In Vivo Models, Prognostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314959. [PMID: 36499287 PMCID: PMC9735580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive lung disease that steadily leads to lung architecture disruption and respiratory failure. The development of pulmonary fibrosis is mostly the result of previous acute lung inflammation, caused by a wide variety of etiological factors, not resolved over time and causing the deposition of fibrotic tissue in the lungs. Despite a long history of study and good coverage of the problem in the scientific literature, the effective therapeutic approaches for pulmonary fibrosis treatment are currently lacking. Thus, the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from acute lung inflammation to pulmonary fibrosis, and the search for new molecular markers and promising therapeutic targets to prevent pulmonary fibrosis development, remain highly relevant tasks. This review focuses on the etiology, pathogenesis, morphological characteristics and outcomes of acute lung inflammation as a precursor of pulmonary fibrosis; the pathomorphological changes in the lungs during fibrosis development; the known molecular mechanisms and key players of the signaling pathways mediating acute lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the characteristics of the most common in vivo models of these processes. Moreover, the prognostic markers of acute lung injury severity and pulmonary fibrosis development as well as approved and potential therapeutic approaches suppressing the transition from acute lung inflammation to fibrosis are discussed.
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5
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Nguyen HO, Salvi V, Tiberio L, Facchinetti F, Govoni M, Villetti G, Civelli M, Barbazza I, Gaudenzi C, Passari M, Schioppa T, Sozio F, Del Prete A, Sozzani S, Bosisio D. The PDE4 inhibitor tanimilast shows distinct immunomodulatory properties associated with a type 2 endotype and CD141 upregulation. J Transl Med 2022; 20:203. [PMID: 35538539 PMCID: PMC9092691 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tanimilast is a novel and selective inhaled inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 in advanced clinical development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Tanimilast is known to exert prominent anti-inflammatory activity when tested in preclinical experimental models as well as in human clinical studies. Recently, we have demonstrated that it also finely tunes, rather than suppressing, the cytokine network secreted by activated dendritic cells (DCs). This study was designed to characterize the effects of tanimilast on T-cell polarizing properties of DCs and to investigate additional functional and phenotypical features induced by tanimilast. Methods DCs at day 6 of culture were stimulated with LPS in the presence or absence of tanimilast or the control drug budesonide. After 24 h, DCs were analyzed for the expression of surface markers of maturation and activation by flow cytometry and cocultured with T cells to investigate cell proliferation and activation/polarization. The regulation of type 2-skewing mediators was investigated by real-time PCR in DCs and compared to results obtained in vivo in a randomized placebo-controlled trial on COPD patients treated with tanimilast. Results Our results show that both tanimilast and budesonide reduced the production of the immunostimulatory cytokine IFN-γ by CD4+ T cells. However, the two drugs acted at different levels since budesonide mainly blocked T cell proliferation, while tanimilast skewed T cells towards a Th2 phenotype without affecting cell proliferation. In addition, only DCs matured in the presence of tanimilast displayed increased CD86/CD80 ratio and CD141 expression, which correlated with Th2 T cell induction and dead cell uptake respectively. These cells also upregulated cAMP-dependent immunosuppressive molecules such as IDO1, TSP1, VEGF-A and Amphiregulin. Notably, the translational value of these data was confirmed by the finding that these same genes were upregulated also in sputum cells of COPD patients treated with tanimilast as add-on to inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators. Conclusion Taken together, these findings demonstrate distinct immunomodulatory properties of tanimilast associated with a type 2 endotype and CD141 upregulation in DCs and provide a mechanistic rationale for the administration of tanimilast on top of inhaled corticosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Oanh Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Facchinetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Mirco Govoni
- Global Clinical Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Gino Villetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Civelli
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Barbazza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carolina Gaudenzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mauro Passari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Sozio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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6
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Liu Z, Liu D, Wang Z, Zou Y, Wang H, Li X, Zheng D, Zhou G. Association between inflammatory biomarkers and acute respiratory distress syndrome or acute lung injury risk : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2021; 134:24-38. [PMID: 34860273 PMCID: PMC8813738 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-021-01971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The relationship between acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)/acute lung injury (ALI) and levels of certain inflammatory factors remains controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the available studies evaluating the association between levels of inflammatory factors and ARDS/ALI incidence. Methods We searched the PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane databases for studies published up to July 2017. For each inflammatory factor, a random effects model was employed to pool results from different studies. Results We identified 63 studies that included 6243 patients in our meta-analysis. Overall, the results indicated that the levels of angiopoietin (ANG)-2 (standard mean difference, SMD: 1.34; P < 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1β (SMD: 0.92; P = 0.012), IL‑6 (SMD: 0.66; P = 0.005), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (SMD: 0.98; P = 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with ARDS/ALI than in unaffected individuals. No significant differences were observed between patients with ARDS/ALI and unaffected individuals in terms of the levels of IL‑8 (SMD: 0.61; P = 0.159), IL-10 (SMD: 1.10; P = 0.231), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (SMD: 0.70; P = 0.060). Conclusions ARDS/ALI is associated with a significantly elevated levels of ANG‑2, IL-1β, IL‑6, and TNF‑α, but not with IL‑8, IL-10, and PAI‑1 levels. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s00508-021-01971-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zunyi Honghuagang District People's Hospital, 185 Wanli Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 98 Fenghuang Road, Huichuan District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Daishun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 98 Fenghuang Road, Huichuan District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yugang Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 98 Fenghuang Road, Huichuan District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Deliang Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Guoqi Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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7
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Sahebnasagh A, Nabavi SM, Kashani HRK, Abdollahian S, Habtemariam S, Rezabakhsh A. Anti-VEGF agents: As appealing targets in the setting of COVID-19 treatment in critically ill patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108257. [PMID: 34673299 PMCID: PMC8519896 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the medications used for the severe form of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) therapy are of particular interest. In this sense, it has been supposed that anti-VEGF compounds would be good candidates in the face of "cytokine storm" and intussuscepted angiogenesis due to having an appreciable anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, they can be subjected to therapeutic protocols to manage acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Since the compelling evidence emphasized that VEGFs contribute to the inflammatory process and play a mainstay role in disease pathogenesis, in this review, we aimed to highlight the VEGF's plausible participation in the cytokine storm exacerbation in COVID-19. Next, the recent clinical advances regarding the anti-VEGF medications, including humanized monoclonal antibody, immunosuppressant, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and a cytokine inhibitor, have been addressed in the setting of COVID-19 treatment in critically ill patients. Together, retrieving the increased level of VEGF subsets, as well as antagonizing VEGF related receptors, could be helpful for the treatment of COVID-19, especially in those suffering from ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Sahebnasagh
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Safieh Abdollahian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Corresponding author at: Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Madani specialized Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, University St, Tabriz 5166615573, Iran
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8
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Felsenstein S, Reiff AO. A hitchhiker's guide through the COVID-19 galaxy. Clin Immunol 2021; 232:108849. [PMID: 34563684 PMCID: PMC8461017 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous reviews have summarized the epidemiology, pathophysiology and the various therapeutic aspects of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but a practical guide on "how to treat whom with what and when" based on an understanding of the immunological background of the disease stages remains missing. This review attempts to combine the current knowledge about the immunopathology of COVID-19 with published evidence of available and emerging treatment options. We recognize that the information about COVID-19 and its treatment is rapidly changing, but hope that this guide offers those on the frontline of this pandemic an understanding of the host response in COVID-19 patients and supports their ongoing efforts to select the best treatments tailored to their patient's clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Felsenstein
- University of Liverpool, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, United Kingdom.
| | - Andreas Otto Reiff
- Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, United States.
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9
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Aboushanab SA, El-Far AH, Narala VR, Ragab RF, Kovaleva EG. Potential therapeutic interventions of plant-derived isoflavones against acute lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108204. [PMID: 34619497 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome that possibly leads to high morbidity and mortality as no therapy exists. Several natural ingredients with negligible adverse effects have recently been investigated to possibly inhibit the inflammatory pathways associated with ALI at the molecular level. Isoflavones, as phytoestrogenic compounds, are naturally occurring bioactive compounds that represent the most abundant category of plant polyphenols (Leguminosae family). A broad range of therapeutic activities of isoflavones, including antioxidants, chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and antibacterial potentials, have been extensively documented in the literature. Our review exclusively focuses on the possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant role of botanicals'-derived isoflavones against ALI and their immunomodulatory effect in experimentally induced ALI. Despite the limited scope covering their molecular mechanisms, isoflavones substantially contributed to protecting from ALI via inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Myd88/NF-κB pathway and subsequent cytokines, chemokines, and adherent proteins. Nonetheless, future research is suggested to fill the gap in elucidating the protective roles of isoflavones to alleviate ALI concerning antioxidant potentials, inhibition of the inflammatory pathways, and associated molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saied A Aboushanab
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620002, 19 Mira Yekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; Scientific Chair of Yousef Abdullatif Jameel of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Rokia F Ragab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Elena G Kovaleva
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620002, 19 Mira Yekaterinburg, Russia.
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10
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Kristensen MK, Plovsing RR, Berg RMG, Madsen RK, Ronit A. Cell adhesion molecules and vascular endothelial growth factor at the systemic and alveolar level in COVID-19 ARDS. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1101-1103. [PMID: 34192319 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Markus K Kristensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark
| | - Ronni R Plovsing
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Ronan M G Berg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen,Denmark.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen,Denmark.,Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen,Denmark.,Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Edu-cation, University of South Wales, UK
| | - Rikke Krogh Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark.,Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Andreas Ronit
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark
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11
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Morton B, Barnes KG, Anscombe C, Jere K, Matambo P, Mandolo J, Kamng'ona R, Brown C, Nyirenda J, Phiri T, Banda NP, Van Der Veer C, Mndolo KS, Mponda K, Rylance J, Phiri C, Mallewa J, Nyirenda M, Katha G, Kambiya P, Jafali J, Mwandumba HC, Gordon SB, Cornick J, Jambo KC. Distinct clinical and immunological profiles of patients with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3554. [PMID: 34117221 PMCID: PMC8196064 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has left no country untouched there has been limited research to understand clinical and immunological responses in African populations. Here we characterise patients hospitalised with suspected (PCR-negative/IgG-positive) or confirmed (PCR-positive) COVID-19, and healthy community controls (PCR-negative/IgG-negative). PCR-positive COVID-19 participants were more likely to receive dexamethasone and a beta-lactam antibiotic, and survive to hospital discharge than PCR-negative/IgG-positive and PCR-negative/IgG-negative participants. PCR-negative/IgG-positive participants exhibited a nasal and systemic cytokine signature analogous to PCR-positive COVID-19 participants, predominated by chemokines and neutrophils and distinct from PCR-negative/IgG-negative participants. PCR-negative/IgG-positive participants had increased propensity for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation. PCR-negative/IgG-positive individuals with high COVID-19 clinical suspicion had inflammatory profiles analogous to PCR-confirmed disease and potentially represent a target population for COVID-19 treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Morton
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Kayla G Barnes
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- University of Glasgow MRC Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Catherine Anscombe
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Khuzwayo Jere
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Prisca Matambo
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jonathan Mandolo
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Raphael Kamng'ona
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Comfort Brown
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - James Nyirenda
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Tamara Phiri
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | - Charlotte Van Der Veer
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kwazizira S Mndolo
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Kelvin Mponda
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jamie Rylance
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chimota Phiri
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jane Mallewa
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Mulinda Nyirenda
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Grace Katha
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Paul Kambiya
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - James Jafali
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Henry C Mwandumba
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Stephen B Gordon
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jennifer Cornick
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kondwani C Jambo
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
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12
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Lin CK, Huang TH, Yang CT, Shi CS. Roles of lung-recruited monocytes and pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in resolving Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248959. [PMID: 33740009 PMCID: PMC7978382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have profound effects on tissue injury and repair. In ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), monocytes, the majority of which are Ly6C+high, and VEGF are known to initiate lung injury. However, their roles in post-VILI lung repair remain unclear. In this study, we used a two-hit mouse model of VILI to identify the phenotypes of monocytes recruited to the lungs during the resolution of VILI and investigated the contributions of monocytes and VEGF to lung repair. We found that the lung-recruited monocytes were predominantly Ly6C+low from day 1 after the insult. Meanwhile, contrary to inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary VEGF decreased upon VILI but subsequently increased significantly on days 7 and 14 after the injury. There was a strong positive correlation between VEGF expression and proliferation of alveolar epithelial cells in lung sections. The expression pattern of VEGF mRNA in lung-recruited monocytes was similar to that of pulmonary VEGF proteins, and the depletion of monocytes significantly suppressed the increase of pulmonary VEGF proteins on days 7 and 14 after VILI. In conclusion, during recovery from VILI, the temporal expression patterns of pulmonary growth factors are different from those of inflammatory cytokines, and the restoration of pulmonary VEGF by monocytes, which are mostly Ly6C+low, is associated with pulmonary epithelial proliferation. Lung-recruited monocytes and pulmonary VEGF may play crucial roles in post-VILI lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Kuo Lin
- Division of Pulmonary Infection and Critical Care, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan
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13
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Morton B, Barnes KG, Anscombe C, Jere K, Kamng'ona R, Brown C, Nyirenda J, Phiri T, Banda N, Van Der Veer C, Mndolo KS, Mponda K, Rylance J, Phiri C, Mallewa J, Nyirenda M, Katha G, Kambiya P, Jafali J, Mwandumba HC, Gordon SB, Cornick J, Jambo KC. In depth analysis of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 in sub-Saharan Africa demonstrates distinct clinical and immunological profiles. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021:2021.02.15.21251753. [PMID: 33619502 PMCID: PMC7899472 DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.15.21251753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has left no country untouched there has been limited research to understand clinical and immunological responses in African populations. Here we comprehensively characterise patients hospitalised with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, and healthy community controls. PCR-confirmed COVID-19 participants were more likely to receive dexamethasone and a beta-lactam antibiotic, and survive to hospital discharge than PCR-/IgG+ and PCR-/IgG-participants. PCR-/IgG+ participants exhibited a nasal and systemic cytokine signature analogous to PCR-confirmed COVID-19 participants, but increased propensity for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation. We did not find evidence that HIV co-infection in COVID-19 participants was associated with mortality or altered cytokine responses. The nasal immune signature in PCR-/IgG+ and PCR-confirmed COVID-19 participants was distinct and predominated by chemokines and neutrophils. In addition, PCR-/IgG+ individuals with high COVID-19 clinical suspicion had inflammatory profiles analogous to PCR-confirmed disease and potentially represent a target population for COVID-19 treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Morton
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K G Barnes
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- University of Glasgow MRC Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Anscombe
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K Jere
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - R Kamng'ona
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - C Brown
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - J Nyirenda
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - T Phiri
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - N Banda
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - C Van Der Veer
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S Mndolo
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - K Mponda
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - J Rylance
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Phiri
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - J Mallewa
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - M Nyirenda
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - G Katha
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - P Kambiya
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - J Jafali
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - H C Mwandumba
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - S B Gordon
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Cornick
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K C Jambo
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- University of Malawi-College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
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14
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Rönkkö TJ, Hirvonen MR, Happo MS, Ihantola T, Hakkarainen H, Martikainen MV, Gu C, Wang Q, Jokiniemi J, Komppula M, Jalava PI. Inflammatory responses of urban air PM modulated by chemical composition and different air quality situations in Nanjing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110382. [PMID: 33130172 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The health risks of air pollutants and ambient particulate matter (PM) are widely known. PM composition and toxicity have shown substantial spatiotemporal variability. Yet, the connections between PM composition and toxicological and health effects are vaguely understood. This is a crucial gap in knowledge that needs to be addressed in order to establish air quality guidelines and limit values that consider the chemical composition of PM instead of the current assumption of equal toxicity per inhaled dose. Here, we demonstrate further evidence for varying toxicological effects of urban PM at equal mass concentrations, and estimate how PM composition and emission source characteristics influenced this variation. We exposed a co-culture model mimicking alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages with size-segregated urban ambient PM collected before, during, and after the Nanjing Youth Olympic Games 2014. We measured the release of a set of cytokines, cell cycle alterations, and genotoxicity, and assessed the spatiotemporal variations in these responses by factorial multiple regression analysis. Additionally, we investigated how a previously identified set of emission sources and chemical components affected these variations by mixed model analysis. PM-exposure induced cytokine signaling, most notably by inducing dose-dependent increases of macrophage-regulating GM-CSF and proinflammatory TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β concentrations, modest dose-dependent increase for cytoprotective VEGF-A, but very low to no responses for anti-inflammatory IL-10 and immunoregulatory IFNγ, respectively. We observed substantial differences in proinflammatory cytokine production depending on PM sampling period, location, and time of day. The proinflammatory response correlated positively with cell cycle arrest in G1/G0 phase and loss of cellular metabolic activity. Furthermore, PM0.2 caused dose-dependent increases in sub-G1/G0 cells, suggesting increased DNA degradation and apoptosis. Variations in traffic and oil/fuel combustion emissions contributed substantially to the observed spatiotemporal variations of toxicological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemu J Rönkkö
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Maija-Riitta Hirvonen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko S Happo
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland; Ramboll Finland Oy, Itsehallintokuja 3, FI-02601, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuukka Ihantola
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henri Hakkarainen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria-Viola Martikainen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cheng Gu
- Nanjing University, School of the Environment, Branch 24 Mailbox of Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin'geng Wang
- Nanjing University, School of the Environment, Branch 24 Mailbox of Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jorma Jokiniemi
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Komppula
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi I Jalava
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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15
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Therapeutic Potential of Rhododendron arboreum Polysaccharides in an Animal Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Inflicted Oxidative Stress and Systemic Inflammation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25246045. [PMID: 33371296 PMCID: PMC7767231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation results in physiological changes, largely mediated by inflammatory cytokines. The present investigation was performed to determine the effect of Rhododendron arboreum (RAP) on inflammatory parameters in the animal model. The RAP (100 and 200 mg/kg) were pre-treated for animals, given orally for one week, followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Body temperature, burrowing, and open field behavioral changes were assessed. Biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, LDH, BIL, CK, Cr, BUN, and albumin) were done in the plasma after 6 h of LPS challenge. Oxidative stress markers SOD, CAT, and MDA were measured in different organs. Levels of inflammatory markers like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) and, interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as VEGF, a specific sepsis marker in plasma, were quantified. The plasma enzymes, antioxidant markers and plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly restored (p < 0.5) by RAP treatment, thus preventing the multi-organ and tissue damage in LPS induced rats. The protective effect of RAP may be due to its potent antioxidant potential. Thus, RAP can prevent LPS induced oxidative stress, as well as inflammatory and multi-organ damage as reported in histopathological studies in rats when administered to the LPS treated animals. These findings indicate that RAP can benefit in the management of systemic inflammation from LPS and may have implications for a new treatment or preventive therapeutic strategies with an inflammatory component.
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16
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Chimenti L, Morales-Quinteros L, Puig F, Camprubi-Rimblas M, Guillamat-Prats R, Gómez MN, Tijero J, Blanch L, Matute-Bello G, Artigas A. Comparison of direct and indirect models of early induced acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med Exp 2020; 8:62. [PMID: 33336290 PMCID: PMC7746791 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-00350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The animal experimental counterpart of human acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is acute lung injury (ALI). Most models of ALI involve reproducing the clinical risk factors associated with human ARDS, such as sepsis or acid aspiration; however, none of these models fully replicates human ARDS. Aim To compare different experimental animal models of ALI, based on direct or indirect mechanisms of lung injury, to characterize a model which more closely could reproduce the acute phase of human ARDS. Materials and methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to intratracheal instillations of (1) HCl to mimic aspiration of gastric contents; (2) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic bacterial infection; (3) HCl followed by LPS to mimic aspiration of gastric contents with bacterial superinfection; or (4) cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce peritonitis and mimic sepsis. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after instillations or 24 h after CLP. Results At 24 h, rats instilled with LPS or HCl-LPS had increased lung permeability, alveolar neutrophilic recruitment and inflammatory markers (GRO/KC, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6). Rats receiving only HCl or subjected to CLP had no evidence of lung injury. Conclusions Rat models of ALI induced directly by LPS or HCl-LPS more closely reproduced the acute phase of human ARDS than the CLP model of indirectly induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Chimenti
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Luis Morales-Quinteros
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain. .,Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor., Grupo Quirón Salud, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ferranda Puig
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Camprubi-Rimblas
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Guillamat-Prats
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Nieves Gómez
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Jessica Tijero
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Lluis Blanch
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Matute-Bello
- Medical Research Service of the Veterans Affairs/Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Centre for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Critical Care Centre, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor., Grupo Quirón Salud, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Tomita K, Saito Y, Suzuki T, Imbaby S, Hattori K, Matsuda N, Hattori Y. Vascular endothelial growth factor contributes to lung vascular hyperpermeability in sepsis-associated acute lung injury. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:2365-2374. [PMID: 32696151 PMCID: PMC7371837 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prime regulator of vascular permeability. Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by high-permeability pulmonary edema in addition to refractory hypoxemia and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. In this study, we examined whether VEGF can be implicated as a pulmonary vascular permeability factor in sepsis-associated ALI. We found that a great increase in lung vascular leak occurred in mice instilled intranasally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as assessed by IgM levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Treatment with the VEGF-neutralizing monoclonal antibody bevacizumab significantly reduced this hyperpermeability response, suggesting active participation of VEGF in non-cardiogenic lung edema associated with LPS-induced ALI. However, this was not solely attributable to excessive levels of intrapulmonary VEGF. Expression levels of VEGF were significantly reduced in lung tissues from mice with both intranasal LPS administration and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, which may stem from decreases in non-endothelial cells-dependent VEGF production in the lungs. In support of this assumption, stimulation with LPS and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) significantly increased VEGF in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) at mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, a significant rise in plasma VEGF levels was observed in CLP-induced septic mice. The increase in VEGF released from HPMECs after LPS/IFN-γ challenge was completely blocked by either specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) subgroups. Taken together, our results indicate that VEGF can contribute to the development of non-cardiogenic lung edema in sepsis-associated ALI due to increased VEGF secretion from pulmonary vascular endothelial cells through multiple MAPK-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Tomita
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Medical Environment Engineering Group, Center for Environmental Engineering, Shimizu Corporation, Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 135-0044, Japan
| | - Yuna Saito
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Center for Clinical Training, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Tokiko Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- J-Pharma Co., Ltd., Yokohama, 230-0046, Japan
| | - Samar Imbaby
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Kohshi Hattori
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsuda
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, 061-0293, Japan.
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18
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Vassiliou AG, Kotanidou A, Dimopoulou I, Orfanos SE. Endothelial Damage in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228793. [PMID: 33233715 PMCID: PMC7699909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is a metabolically active continuous monolayer of squamous endothelial cells that internally lines blood vessels and mediates key processes involved in lung homoeostasis. Many of these processes are disrupted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is marked among others by diffuse endothelial injury, intense activation of the coagulation system and increased capillary permeability. Most commonly occurring in the setting of sepsis, ARDS is a devastating illness, associated with increased morbidity and mortality and no effective pharmacological treatment. Endothelial cell damage has an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS and several biomarkers of endothelial damage have been tested in determining prognosis. By further understanding the endothelial pathobiology, development of endothelial-specific therapeutics might arise. In this review, we will discuss the underlying pathology of endothelial dysfunction leading to ARDS and emerging therapies. Furthermore, we will present a brief overview demonstrating that endotheliopathy is an important feature of hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice G. Vassiliou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Stylianos E. Orfanos
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-2107-235-521
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19
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Byers DE. Linking VEGF Deficiency and IL-33 Upregulation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:550-551. [PMID: 31100009 PMCID: PMC6827072 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0175ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Derek E Byers
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. Louis, Missouri
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20
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Davino-Chiovatto JE, Oliveira-Junior MC, MacKenzie B, Santos-Dias A, Almeida-Oliveira AR, Aquino-Junior JCJ, Brito AA, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Oliveira APL, Silva AP, Consolim-Colombo FM, Aimbire F, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Vieira RP. Montelukast, Leukotriene Inhibitor, Reduces LPS-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Human Neutrophil Activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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VEGF mediates fat embolism-induced acute lung injury via VEGF receptor 2 and the MAPK cascade. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11713. [PMID: 31406128 PMCID: PMC6690961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat embolism (FE) is a lethal medical emergency often caused by fracture of long bones and amputation of limbs. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis and increases vascular permeability. We tested the hypothesis that VEGF plays a critical role in FE-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI). Fat tissues were collected from male Sprague-Dawley rats, and animal oil was extracted and mixed with water to form fatty micelles. The micelles were then injected into the tail vein to produce FE and ALI in rats. Lung weight gain was measured as the index of pulmonary edema. The expression of pulmonary VEGF was evaluated by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were determined by western blot analyses. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was quantified by ELISAs. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the pathological damage of ALI. In this study, we found that animal oil-induced FE significantly increased pulmonary VEGF expression and MAPK phosphorylation. We also evaluated the inflammatory response after FE and found that iNOS and IL-1β significantly increased after FE. Systemic administration of SU-1498, an antagonist of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), significantly attenuated the FE-induced inflammatory response and histological damage. This study suggested that VEGF is involved in FE-induced ARDS via the VEGFR-2 and MAPK cascades, which induce IL-1β release and iNOS upregulation. Blockade of could be used to treat FE-induced pulmonary damage.
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22
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Aschner Y, Downey GP. The Importance of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Control of Cellular Signaling Pathways in Respiratory Disease: pY and pY Not. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:535-547. [PMID: 29812954 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0049tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible phosphorylation of proteins on tyrosine residues is an essential signaling mechanism by which diverse cellular processes are closely regulated. The tight temporal and spatial control of the tyrosine phosphorylation status of proteins by protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) is critical to cellular homeostasis as well as to adaptations to the external environment. Via regulation of cellular signaling cascades involving other protein kinases and phosphatases, receptors, adaptor proteins, and transcription factors, PTKs and PTPs closely control diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, inflammation, and maintenance of cellular barrier function. Given these key regulatory roles, it is not surprising that dysfunction of PTKs and PTPs is important in the pathogenesis of human disease, including many pulmonary diseases. The roles of various PTKs and PTPs in acute lung injury and repair, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary vascular disease, and inflammatory airway disease are discussed in this review. It is important to note that although there is overlap among many of these proteins in various disease states, the mechanisms by which they influence the pathogenesis of these conditions differ, suggesting wide-ranging roles for these enzymes and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Aschner
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Gregory P Downey
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.,2 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and.,3 Department of Medicine.,4 Department of Pediatrics, and.,5 Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
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23
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Davino-Chiovatto JE, Oliveira-Junior MC, MacKenzie B, Santos-Dias A, Almeida-Oliveira AR, Aquino-Junior JCJ, Brito AA, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Oliveira APL, Silva AP, Consolim-Colombo FM, Aimbire F, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Vieira RP. Montelukast, Leukotriene Inhibitor, Reduces LPS-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Human Neutrophil Activation. Arch Bronconeumol 2019; 55:573-580. [PMID: 31257011 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some pro-inflammatory lipids derived from 1 lipooxygenase enzyme are potent neutrophil chemoattractant, a cell centrally involved in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); a syndrome lacking effective treatment. Considering the beneficial effects of the leukotriene receptor inhibitor, montelukast, on other lung diseases, whether montelukast attenuates inflammation in a mouse model of ARDS, and whether it reduces LPS stimulated activation of human neutrophils was investigated. METHODS Thirty-five C57Bl/6 mice were distributed into control (PBS)+24h, LPS+24h (10μg/mouse), control+48h, LPS+48h, and LPS 48h+Montelukast (10mg/kg). In addition, human neutrophils were incubated with LPS (1μg/mL) and treated with montelukast (10μM). RESULTS Oral-tracheal administration of montelukast significantly attenuated total cells (P<.05), macrophages (P<.05), neutrophils (P<.01), lymphocytes (P<.001) and total protein levels in BAL (P<.05), as well as IL-6 (P<.05), CXCL1/KC (P<.05), IL-17 (P<.05) and TNF-α (P<.05). Furthermore, montelukast reduced neutrophils (P<.001), lymphocytes (P<.01) and macrophages (P<.01) in the lung parenchyma. In addition, montelukast restored BAL VEGF levels (P<.05). LTB4 receptor expression (P<.001) as well as NF-κB (P<.001), a downstream target of LPS, were also reduced in lung parenchymal leukocytes. Furthermore, montelukast reduced IL-8 (P<.001) production by LPS-treated human neutrophils. CONCLUSION In conclusion, montelukast efficiently attenuated both LPS-induced lung inflammation in a mouse model of ARDS and in LPS challenged human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - BreAnne MacKenzie
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alana Santos-Dias
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Roberta Almeida-Oliveira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alessandro Pereira Silva
- Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Engineering, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Flavio Aimbire
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo Caire Castro-Faria-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Osvaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Osvaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; Universidade Brasil, Post-graduation Program in Bioengineering and in Biomedical Engineering, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Santos, SP, Brazil; Anhembi Morumbi University, School of Medicine, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 4050, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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24
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Lugg ST, Alridge KA, Howells PA, Parekh D, Scott A, Mahida RY, Park D, Tucker O, Gao F, Perkins GD, Thickett DR, Dancer RCA. Dysregulated alveolar function and complications in smokers following oesophagectomy. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00089-2018. [PMID: 30847351 PMCID: PMC6397916 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00089-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a significant impact on post-operative morbidity and mortality following oesophagectomy. Smoking is a risk factor for the development of ARDS, although the mechanism is unclear. We examined the effect of smoking on alveolar and systemic inflammation, in addition to alveolar–capillary permeability, leading to ARDS in patients undergoing oesophagectomy. We compared clinical, biomarker and PiCCO system data between current smokers (n=14) and ex-smokers (n=36) enrolled into a translational substudy of the BALTI-P (Beta Agonist Lung Injury Trial Prevention) trial. Current smokers compared with ex-smokers had significantly higher numbers of circulating neutrophils, elevated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 and pre-operative plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and lower BAL vascular endothelial growth factor and post-operative plasma IL-17 (p<0.05). On post-operative day 1, current smokers had higher extravascular lung water index (9.80 versus 7.90; p=0.026) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (2.09 versus 1.70; p=0.013). Current smokers were more likely to develop ARDS (57% versus 25%; p=0.031) and had a significantly reduced post-operative median survival (421 versus 771 days; p=0.023). Smoking prior to oesophagectomy is associated with dysregulated inflammation, with higher concentrations of inflammatory mediators and lower concentrations of protective mediators. This translates into a higher post-operative inflammatory alveolar oedema, greater risk of ARDS and poorer long-term survival. Patients who smoke at the time of oesophagectomy have dysregulated immune function, greater post-operative alveolar oedema, higher incidence of ARDS and poorer long-term survivalhttp://ow.ly/EsEh30nbO0R
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian T Lugg
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint first authors
| | - Kerrie A Alridge
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint first authors
| | - Phillip A Howells
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dhruv Parekh
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aaron Scott
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rahul Y Mahida
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel Park
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Olga Tucker
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fang Gao
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - David R Thickett
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint final authors
| | - Rachel C A Dancer
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint final authors
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25
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Fan J, Lv H, Li J, Che Y, Xu B, Tao Z, Jiang W. Roles of Nrf2/HO-1 and HIF-1α/VEGF in lung tissue injury and repair following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7695-7707. [PMID: 30565676 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) leads to injury in distant organs, most commonly the lungs, although limited studies have examined self-protective mechanisms during CIRI-induced lung injury. Here, we investigated self-protective mechanisms that attenuate stress-related injury and promote the angiogenetic repair of epithelial function during CIRI-induced lung injury by measuring nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels. A CIRI model was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats by blocking the middle cerebral artery. Rats were divided into five subgroups based on the reperfusion time (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr). Lung injury was assessed using a semiquantitative score and a thiobarbituric acid-based method of determining malonaldehyde production. Lung tissue angiogenesis was detected by CD34 and CD31 immunolabeling. Changes in Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), HIF-1α, vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), and phospho-ERK1/2 ( p-ERK1/2) protein- and mRNA-expression levels were measured by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions, respectively. Oxidative stress induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) caused lung injury. Expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidative stress pathway in lung tissues increased following CI/R, peaking after 24 hr. PI3K, ERK, and p-ERK1/2, which act upstream of Nrf2/HO-1, were expressed at higher levels in the CI/R-model group, consistent with the general trends observed for Nrf2/HO-1. Within 72 hr post-CI/R, HIF-1α, and VEGF expression significantly increased versus the sham group. Thus, during CIRI-induced lung injury, the body may upregulate antioxidative stress activities and promote angiogenesis to repair the endothelial barrier through the Nrf2/HO-1 and HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathways, enabling self-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuqin Che
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Baoning Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zuo Tao
- Department of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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26
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Hernandez-Pacheco N, Guillen-Guio B, Acosta-Herrera M, Pino-Yanes M, Corrales A, Ambrós A, Nogales L, Muriel A, González-Higueras E, Diaz-Dominguez FJ, Zavala E, Belda J, Ma SF, Villar J, Flores C. A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor gene variant is associated with susceptibility to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med Exp 2018; 6:16. [PMID: 29987654 PMCID: PMC6037659 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-018-0181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the main causes of mortality in adults admitted to intensive care units. Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of genetic variants involved in the susceptibility and outcomes of this syndrome. We aimed to identify novel genes implicated in sepsis-induced ARDS susceptibility. METHODS We first performed a prioritization of candidate genes by integrating our own genomic data from a transcriptomic study in an animal model of ARDS and from the only published genome-wide association study of ARDS study in humans. Then, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from prioritized genes to conduct a case-control discovery association study in patients with sepsis-induced ARDS (n = 225) and population-based controls (n = 899). Finally, we validated our findings in an independent sample of 661 sepsis-induced ARDS cases and 234 at-risk controls. RESULTS Three candidate genes were prioritized: dynein cytoplasmic-2 heavy chain-1, fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), and integrin alpha-1. Of those, a SNP from FLT1 gene (rs9513106) was associated with ARDS in the discovery study, with an odds ratio (OR) for the C allele of 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-0.98 (p = 0.037). This result was replicated in an independent study (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.62-0.98, p = 0.039), showing consistent direction of effects in a meta-analysis (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65-0.92, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS We identified FLT1 as a novel ARDS susceptibility gene and demonstrated that integration of genomic data can be a valid procedure to identify novel susceptibility genes. These results contribute to previous firm associations and functional evidences implicating FLT1 gene in other complex traits that are mechanistically linked, through the key role of endothelium, to the pathophysiology of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Hernandez-Pacheco
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Beatriz Guillen-Guio
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Marialbert Acosta-Herrera
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, IPBLN-CSIC, P.T.S, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife Spain
| | - Almudena Corrales
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Ambrós
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Leonor Nogales
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Arturo Muriel
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Zavala
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Belda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Shwu-Fan Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Jesús Villar
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Flores
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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27
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VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) and Fibrotic Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051269. [PMID: 29695053 PMCID: PMC5983653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a group of heterogeneous diseases characterised by varying degrees of aberrant inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. This may occur in isolation, such as in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or as part of a wider disease process affecting multiple organs, such as in systemic sclerosis. Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is one component of an existing broad-spectrum therapeutic option in IPF (nintedanib) and may become part of the emerging therapeutic strategy for other ILDs in the future. This article describes our current understanding of VEGF biology in normal lung homeostasis and how changes in its bioavailability may contribute the pathogenesis of ILD. The complexity of VEGF biology is particularly highlighted with an emphasis on the potential non-vascular, non-angiogenic roles for VEGF in the lung, in both health and disease.
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28
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Barratt SL, Blythe T, Jarrett C, Ourradi K, Shelley-Fraser G, Day MJ, Qiu Y, Harper S, Maher TM, Oltean S, Hames TJ, Scotton CJ, Welsh GI, Bates DO, Millar AB. Differential Expression of VEGF-A xxx Isoforms Is Critical for Development of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:479-493. [PMID: 28661183 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201603-0568oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Fibrosis after lung injury is related to poor outcome, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) can be regarded as an exemplar. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A has been implicated in this context, but there are conflicting reports as to whether it is a contributory or protective factor. Differential splicing of the VEGF-A gene produces multiple functional isoforms including VEGF-A165a and VEGF-A165b, a member of the inhibitory family. To date there is no clear information on the role of VEGF-A in IPF. OBJECTIVES To establish VEGF-A isoform expression and functional effects in IPF. METHODS We used tissue sections, plasma, and lung fibroblasts from patients with IPF and control subjects. In a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model we used wild-type MMTV mice and a triple transgenic mouse SPC-rtTA+/-TetoCre+/-LoxP-VEGF-A+/+ to conditionally induce VEGF-A isoform deletion specifically in the alveolar type II (ATII) cells of adult mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS IPF and normal lung fibroblasts differentially expressed and responded to VEGF-A165a and VEGF-A165b in terms of proliferation and matrix expression. Increased VEGF-A165b was detected in plasma of progressing patients with IPF. In a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis, ATII-specific deficiency of VEGF-A or constitutive overexpression of VEGF-A165b inhibited the development of pulmonary fibrosis, as did treatment with intraperitoneal delivery of VEGF-A165b to wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that changes in the bioavailability of VEGF-A sourced from ATII cells, namely the ratio of VEGF-Axxxa to VEGF-Axxxb, are critical in development of pulmonary fibrosis and may be a paradigm for the regulation of tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Blythe
- 1 Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences
| | | | | | - Golda Shelley-Fraser
- 2 Department of Histopathology, Cheltenham and Gloucestershire NHS Trust, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Toby M Maher
- 5 NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Oltean
- 6 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J Hames
- 7 University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom; and
| | - Chris J Scotton
- 7 University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom; and
| | | | - David O Bates
- 8 Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ann B Millar
- 1 Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences
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29
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Murray LA, Habiel DM, Hohmann M, Camelo A, Shang H, Zhou Y, Coelho AL, Peng X, Gulati M, Crestani B, Sleeman MA, Mustelin T, Moore MW, Ryu C, Osafo-Addo AD, Elias JA, Lee CG, Hu B, Herazo-Maya JD, Knight DA, Hogaboam CM, Herzog EL. Antifibrotic role of vascular endothelial growth factor in pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92192. [PMID: 28814671 PMCID: PMC5621899 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic progressive decline in lung function observed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) appears to result from persistent nonresolving injury to the epithelium, impaired restitution of the epithelial barrier in the lung, and enhanced fibroblast activation. Thus, understanding these key mechanisms and pathways modulating both is essential to greater understanding of IPF pathogenesis. We examined the association of VEGF with the IPF disease state and preclinical models in vivo and in vitro. Tissue and circulating levels of VEGF were significantly reduced in patients with IPF, particularly in those with a rapidly progressive phenotype, compared with healthy controls. Lung-specific overexpression of VEGF significantly protected mice following intratracheal bleomycin challenge, with a decrease in fibrosis and bleomycin-induced cell death observed in the VEGF transgenic mice. In vitro, apoptotic endothelial cell–derived mediators enhanced epithelial cell injury and reduced epithelial wound closure. This process was rescued by VEGF pretreatment of the endothelial cells via a mechanism involving thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). Taken together, these data indicate beneficial roles for VEGF during lung fibrosis via modulating epithelial homeostasis through a previously unrecognized mechanism involving the endothelium. Elevated VEGF is associated with less severe disease in IPF patients, and VEGF overexpression ameliorates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David M Habiel
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Miriam Hohmann
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ana Camelo
- MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
| | - Huilan Shang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ana Lucia Coelho
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xueyan Peng
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mridu Gulati
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bruno Crestani
- APHP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Pneumologie A, Centre de Compétences des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM Unité 1152, Paris
| | | | | | - Meagan W Moore
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Changwan Ryu
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jack A Elias
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Chun G Lee
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Buqu Hu
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Darryl A Knight
- Viva program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Loftus TJ, Thomson AJ, Kannan KB, Alamo IG, Millar JK, Plazas JM, Whitley EE, Efron PA, Mohr AM. Clonidine restores vascular endothelial growth factor expression and improves tissue repair following severe trauma. Am J Surg 2017; 214:610-615. [PMID: 28666582 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that clonidine and propranolol would increase VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression and promote lung healing following severe trauma and chronic stress. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lung contusion (LC), lung contusion/hemorrhagic shock (LCHS), or lung contusion/hemorrhagic shock/daily restraint stress (LCHS/CS). Clonidine and propranolol were administered daily. On day seven, lung VEGF, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and HMGB1 were assessed by PCR. Lung injury was assessed by light microscopy (*p < 0.05). RESULTS Clonidine increased VEGF expression following LCHS (43%*) and LCHS/CS (46%*). Clonidine increased VEGFR-1 and R-2 expression following LCHS/CS (203%* and 47%*, respectively). Clonidine decreased HMGB1 and TNF-alpha expression following LCHS/CS (22%* and 58%*, respectively.) Clonidine decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and total Lung Injury Score following LCHS/CS. Propranolol minimally affected VEGF and did not improve lung healing. CONCLUSIONS Clonidine increased VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression, decreased HMGB1 expression, decreased lung inflammation, and improved lung tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Loftus
- University of Florida Health, Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Andrew J Thomson
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Kolenkode B Kannan
- University of Florida Health, Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Ines G Alamo
- University of Florida Health, Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Jessica K Millar
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | | | - Philip A Efron
- University of Florida Health, Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Alicia M Mohr
- University of Florida Health, Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Ourradi K, Blythe T, Jarrett C, Barratt SL, Welsh GI, Millar AB. VEGF isoforms have differential effects on permeability of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Respir Res 2017; 18:116. [PMID: 28578669 PMCID: PMC5457598 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative splicing of Vascular endothelial growth factor-A mRNA transcripts (commonly referred as VEGF) leads to the generation of functionally differing isoforms, the relative amounts of which have potentially significant physiological outcomes in conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The effect of such isoforms on pulmonary vascular permeability is unknown. We hypothesised that VEGF165a and VEGF165b isoforms would have differing effects on pulmonary vascular permeability caused by differential activation of intercellular signal transduction pathways. METHOD To test this hypothesis we investigated the physiological effect of VEGF165a and VEGF165b on Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cell (HPMEC) permeability using three different methods: trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) and FITC-BSA passage. In addition, potential downstream signalling pathways of the VEGF isoforms were investigated by Western blotting and the use of specific signalling inhibitors. RESULTS VEGF165a increased HPMEC permeability using all three methods (paracellular and transcellular) and led to associated VE-cadherin and actin stress fibre changes. In contrast, VEGF165b decreased paracellular permeability and did not induce changes in VE-cadherin cell distribution. Furthermore, VEGF165a and VEGF165b had differing effects on both the phosphorylation of VEGF receptors and downstream signalling proteins pMEK, p42/44MAPK, p38 MAPK, pAKT and peNOS. Interestingly specific inhibition of the pMEK, p38 MAPK, PI3 kinase and eNOS pathways blocked the effects of both VEGF165a and VEGF165b on paracellular permeability and the effect of VEGF165a on proliferation/migration, suggesting that this difference in cellular response is mediated by an as yet unidentified signalling pathway(s). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the novel isoform VEGF165a and VEGF165b induce differing effects on permeability in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Ourradi
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Thomas Blythe
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Jarrett
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Shaney L Barratt
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bistol, UK
| | - Ann B Millar
- Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Loftus TJ, Thomson AJ, Kannan KB, Alamo IG, Ramos HN, Whitley EE, Efron PA, Mohr AM. Effects of trauma, hemorrhagic shock, and chronic stress on lung vascular endothelial growth factor. J Surg Res 2016; 210:15-21. [PMID: 28457321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2) regulate vascular permeability and endothelial cell survival. We hypothesized that hemorrhagic shock (HS) and chronic stress (CS) would increase expression of lung VEGF and its receptors, potentiating pulmonary edema in lung tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8-9 wk were randomized: naïve control, lung contusion (LC), LC followed by HS (LCHS), and LCHS with CS in a restraint cylinder for 2 h/d (LCHS/CS). Animals were sacrificed on days 1 and 7. Expressions of lung VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Lung Injury Score (LIS) was graded on light microscopy by inflammatory cell counts, interstitial edema, pulmonary edema, and alveolar integrity (range: 0 = normal; 8 = severe injury). RESULTS Seven days after LC, lung VEGF and VEGFR-1 were increased, and lung tissue healed (LIS: 0.8 ± 0.8). However, 7 d after LCHS and LCHS/CS, lung VEGF and VEGFR-1 expressions were decreased. VEGFR-2 was also decreased after LCHS/CS. LIS was elevated 7 d after LCHS and LCHS/CS (6.5 ± 1.0 and 8.2 ± 0.8). Increased LIS after LCHS and LCHS/CS was because of higher inflammatory cell counts, increased interstitial edema, and loss of alveolar integrity, whereas pulmonary edema was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Elevation of lung VEGF and VEGFR-1 expressions after LC alone was associated with healing of injured lung tissue. Expressions of VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 were reduced after LCHS and LCHS/CS, and injured lung tissue did not heal. Persistent lung injury after severe trauma was because of inflammation rather than pulmonary edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Loftus
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew J Thomson
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kolenkode B Kannan
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ines G Alamo
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Harry N Ramos
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - Philip A Efron
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Alicia M Mohr
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida.
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Puig F, Herrero R, Guillamat-Prats R, Gómez MN, Tijero J, Chimenti L, Stelmakh O, Blanch L, Serrano-Mollar A, Matthay MA, Artigas A. A new experimental model of acid- and endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L229-37. [PMID: 27317688 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00390.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of the animal models of acute lung injury (ALI) are focused on the acute phase. This limits the studies of the mechanisms involved in later phases and the effects of long-term treatments. Thus the goal of this study was to develop an experimental ALI model of aspiration pneumonia, in which diffuse alveolar damage continues for 72 h. Rats were intratracheally instilled with one dose of HCl (0.1 mol/l) followed by another instillation of one dose of LPS (0, 10, 20, 30, or 40 μg/g body weight) 2 h later, which models aspiration of gastric contents that progresses to secondary lung injury from bacteria or bacterial products. The rats were euthanized at 24, 48, and 72 h after the last instillation. The results showed that HCl and LPS at all doses caused activation of inflammatory responses, increased protein permeability and apoptosis, and induced mild hypoxemia in rat lungs at 24 h postinstillation. However, this lung damage was present at 72 h only in rats receiving HCl and LPS at the doses of 30 and 40 μg/g body wt. Mortality (∼50%) occurred in the first 48 h and only in the rats treated with HCl and LPS at the highest dose (40 μg/g body wt). In conclusion, intratracheal instillation of HCl followed by LPS at the dose of 30 μg/g body wt results in severe diffuse alveolar damage that continues at least 72 h. This rat model of aspiration pneumonia-induced ALI will be useful for testing long-term effects of new therapeutic strategies in ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Puig
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain;
| | - R Herrero
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Intensive Care Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - R Guillamat-Prats
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - M N Gómez
- Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - J Tijero
- Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - L Chimenti
- Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - O Stelmakh
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínico, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - L Blanch
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - A Serrano-Mollar
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - M A Matthay
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - A Artigas
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Institut d' Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
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The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors-Expressing Character of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Plays a Positive Role in Treatment of Acute Lung Injury In Vivo. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:2347938. [PMID: 27313398 PMCID: PMC4895047 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2347938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been proved to be beneficial in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important angiogenesis factor that MSC release. However, the precise role of VEGF-expressing character of MSC in the MSC treatment for ARDS remains obscure. Here, we firstly knocked down the gene VEGF in MSC (MSC-ShVEGF) with lentiviral transduction. Then we injected the MSC-ShVEGF to rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI) via the tail vein. Data showed that MSC transplantation significantly increased VEGF levels in the lung, reduced lung permeability, protected lung endothelium from apoptosis, facilitated VE-cadherin recovery, controlled inflammation, and attenuated lung injury. However, VEGF gene knockdown in MSC led to relatively insufficient VEGF expression in the injured lung and significantly diminished the therapeutic effects of MSC on ALI, suggesting an important role of VEGF-expressing behavior of MSC in the maintenance of VEGF in the lung and the MSC treatment for ALI. Hence, we conclude that MSC restores the lung permeability and attenuates lung injury in rats with ALI in part by maintaining a “sufficient” VEGF level in the lung and the VEGF-expressing character of MSC plays a positive role in the therapeutic effects of MSC on ARDS.
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Levitt JE, Rogers AJ. Proteomic study of acute respiratory distress syndrome: current knowledge and implications for drug development. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:457-69. [PMID: 27031735 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2016.1172481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common cause of acute respiratory failure, and is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Dozens of clinical trials targeting ARDS have failed, with no drug specifically targeting lung injury in widespread clinical use. Thus, the need for drug development in ARDS is great. Targeted proteomic studies in ARDS have identified many key pathways in the disease, including inflammation, epithelial injury, endothelial injury or activation, and disordered coagulation and repair. Recent studies reveal the potential for proteomic changes to identify novel subphenotypes of ARDS patients who may be most likely to respond to therapy and could thus be targeted for enrollment in clinical trials. Nontargeted studies of proteomics in ARDS are just beginning and have the potential to identify novel drug targets and key pathways in the disease. Proteomics will play an important role in phenotyping of patients and developing novel therapies for ARDS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Levitt
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Angela J Rogers
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
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36
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Liao Y, Song H, Xu D, Jiao H, Yao F, Liu J, Wu Y, Zhong S, Yin H, Liu S, Wang X, Guo W, Sun B, Han B, Chin YE, Deng J. Gprc5a-deficiency confers susceptibility to endotoxin-induced acute lung injury via NF-κB pathway. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1403-12. [PMID: 25714996 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1006006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) varies greatly among patients in sepsis/septic shock. The genetic and biochemical reasons for the difference are not fully understood. G protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member A (GPRC5A), a retinoic acid target gene, is predominately expressed in the bronchioalveolar epithelium of lung. We hypothesized that Gprc5a is important in controlling the susceptibility to ALI or ARDS. In this study, we examined the susceptibility of wild-type and Gprc5a-knockout (ko) mice to induced ALI. Administration of endotoxin LPS induced an increased pulmonary edema and injury in Gprc5a-ko mice, compared to wild-type counterparts. Consistently, LPS administration induced higher levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα) and chemokine (KC) in Gprc5a-ko mouse lungs than in wild-type. The enhanced pulmonary inflammatory responses were associated with dysregulated NF-κB signaling in the bronchioalveolar epithelium of Gprc5a-ko mouse lungs. Importantly, selective inhibition of NF-κB through expression of the super-repressor IκBα in the bronchioalveolar epithelium of Gprc5a-ko mouse lungs alleviated the LPS-induced pulmonary injury, and inflammatory response. Thus, Gprc5a is critical for lung homeostasis, and Gprc5a deficiency confers the susceptibility to endotoxin-induced pulmonary edema and injury, mainly through NF-κB signaling in bronchioalveolar epithelium of lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Liao
- a Department of Pathophysiology; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education ; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ; Shanghai , China
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Blondonnet R, Constantin JM, Sapin V, Jabaudon M. A Pathophysiologic Approach to Biomarkers in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:3501373. [PMID: 26980924 PMCID: PMC4766331 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3501373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute-onset hypoxic condition with radiographic bilateral lung infiltration. It is characterized by an acute exudative phase combining diffuse alveolar damage and lung edema followed by a later fibroproliferative phase. Despite an improved understanding of ARDS pathobiology, our ability to predict the development of ARDS and risk-stratify patients with the disease remains limited. Biomarkers may help to identify patients at the highest risk of developing ARDS, assess response to therapy, predict outcome, and optimize enrollment in clinical trials. After a short description of ARDS pathobiology, here, we review the scientific evidence that supports the value of various ARDS biomarkers with regard to their major biological roles in ARDS-associated lung injury and/or repair. Ongoing research aims at identifying and characterizing novel biomarkers, in order to highlight relevant mechanistic explorations of lung injury and repair, and to ultimately develop innovative therapeutic approaches for ARDS patients. This review will focus on the pathophysiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications of biomarkers in ARDS and on their utility to ultimately improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiko Blondonnet
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Perioperative Medicine, Estaing University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, EA 7281, R2D2, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Michel Constantin
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Perioperative Medicine, Estaing University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, EA 7281, R2D2, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, EA 7281, R2D2, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Matthieu Jabaudon
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Perioperative Medicine, Estaing University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, EA 7281, R2D2, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Moazed F, Burnham EL, Vandivier RW, O'Kane CM, Shyamsundar M, Hamid U, Abbott J, Thickett DR, Matthay MA, McAuley DF, Calfee CS. Cigarette smokers have exaggerated alveolar barrier disruption in response to lipopolysaccharide inhalation. Thorax 2016; 71:1130-1136. [PMID: 26839359 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with an increased risk of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess pathways of lung injury and inflammation in smokers and non-smokers with and without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation using established biomarkers. METHODS We measured plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) biomarkers of inflammation and lung injury in smokers and non-smokers in two distinct cohorts of healthy volunteers, one unstimulated (n=20) and one undergoing 50 μg LPS inhalation (n=30). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS After LPS inhalation, cigarette smokers had increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability as measured by BAL total protein, compared with non-smokers (median 274 vs 208 μg/mL, p=0.04). Smokers had exaggerated inflammation compared with non-smokers, with increased BAL interleukin-1β (p=0.002), neutrophils (p=0.02), plasma interleukin-8 (p=0.003), and plasma matrix metalloproteinase-8 (p=0.006). Alveolar epithelial injury after LPS was more severe in smokers than non-smokers, with increased plasma (p=0.04) and decreased BAL (p=0.02) surfactant protein D. Finally, smokers had decreased BAL vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (p<0.0001) with increased soluble VEGF receptor-1 (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoke exposure may predispose to ARDS through an abnormal response to a 'second hit,' with increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, exaggerated inflammation, increased epithelial injury and endothelial dysfunction. LPS inhalation may serve as a useful experimental model for evaluation of the acute pulmonary effects of existing and new tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moazed
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ellen L Burnham
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Cecilia M O'Kane
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Murali Shyamsundar
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Umar Hamid
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jason Abbott
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David R Thickett
- Lung Injury and Fibrosis Treatment Programme, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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39
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Papp Á, Bene Z, Gáspár I, Nagy B, Kádár L, Márialigeti T, Bánfi A, Baktai G, Balla G, Nagy B. Decreased VEGF Level Is Associated with Elevated Ferritin Concentration in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Children with Interstitial Lung Diseases. Respiration 2015; 90:443-450. [PMID: 26473738 DOI: 10.1159/000440888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decreased level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was previously described in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of adults with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) due to bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis and its proteolytic degradation. Elevated intrapulmonary ferritin was produced by alveolar cells that promoted oxidative injury in such patients. OBJECTIVES In this study, we analyzed the concentrations of VEGF and ferritin in BALF samples of ILD children and studied the relationship between their levels and the degree of inflammation. METHODS BALF and serum concentration of VEGF as well as ferritin and albumin in BALF samples were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in children with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (n = 16), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n = 11) and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (n = 3). Twenty-four age- and gender-matched subjects with suspicious foreign body aspiration served as a control group. RESULTS VEGF per albumin levels in BALF were significantly decreased in ILD children compared to controls (1,075 [784-1,415] pg/mg albumin vs. 2,741 [1,131-4,660] pg/mg albumin, p = 0.0008). These values showed a significant negative correlation with inflammatory markers of total immune cell count in BALF (r = -0.411, p = 0.002) and serum C-reactive protein (r = -0.367, p = 0.006). Although serum VEGF was augmented in ILD children versus controls, no difference was observed among the ILD groups. In addition, BALF ferritin/albumin level (688 [188-1,571] ng/mg albumin vs. 256 [178-350] ng/mg albumin, p = 0.022) was significantly higher than normal in ILD individuals, especially in idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. CONCLUSION Depressed VEGF and increased ferritin in BALF may reflect the severity of chronic pulmonary inflammation in altered respiratory epithelium of childhood ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Papp
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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40
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Acosta-Herrera M, Lorenzo-Diaz F, Pino-Yanes M, Corrales A, Valladares F, Klassert TE, Valladares B, Slevogt H, Ma SF, Villar J, Flores C. Lung Transcriptomics during Protective Ventilatory Support in Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132296. [PMID: 26147972 PMCID: PMC4492998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe inflammatory process of the lung. The only proven life-saving support is mechanical ventilation (MV) using low tidal volumes (LVT) plus moderate to high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). However, it is currently unknown how they exert the protective effects. To identify the molecular mechanisms modulated by protective MV, this study reports transcriptomic analyses based on microarray and microRNA sequencing in lung tissues from a clinically relevant animal model of sepsis-induced ALI. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. At 24 hours post-CLP, septic animals were randomized to three ventilatory strategies: spontaneous breathing, LVT (6 ml/kg) plus 10 cmH2O PEEP and high tidal volume (HVT, 20 ml/kg) plus 2 cmH2O PEEP. Healthy, non-septic, non-ventilated animals served as controls. After 4 hours of ventilation, lung samples were obtained for histological examination and gene expression analysis using microarray and microRNA sequencing. Validations were assessed using parallel analyses on existing publicly available genome-wide association study findings and transcriptomic human data. The catalogue of deregulated processes differed among experimental groups. The 'response to microorganisms' was the most prominent biological process in septic, non-ventilated and in HVT animals. Unexpectedly, the 'neuron projection morphogenesis' process was one of the most significantly deregulated in LVT. Further support for the key role of the latter process was obtained by microRNA studies, as four species targeting many of its genes (Mir-27a, Mir-103, Mir-17-5p and Mir-130a) were found deregulated. Additional analyses revealed 'VEGF signaling' as a central underlying response mechanism to all the septic groups (spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated). Based on this data, we conclude that a co-deregulation of 'VEGF signaling' along with 'neuron projection morphogenesis', which have been never anticipated in ALI pathogenesis, promotes lung-protective effects of LVT with high levels of PEEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialbert Acosta-Herrera
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Fabian Lorenzo-Diaz
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Almudena Corrales
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Valladares
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Histology, University of La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Basilio Valladares
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Septomics Research Centre, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Shwu-Fan Ma
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jesus Villar
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science at the Li KaShing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael´s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carlos Flores
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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41
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Biomarkers in acute lung injury. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 209:52-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Sharp C, Millar AB, Medford ARL. Advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respiration 2015; 89:420-34. [PMID: 25925331 DOI: 10.1159/000381102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical syndrome of acute lung injury (ALI) occurs as a result of an initial acute systemic inflammatory response. This can be consequent to a plethora of insults, either direct to the lung or indirect. The insult results in increased epithelial permeability, leading to alveolar flooding with a protein-rich oedema fluid. The resulting loss of gas exchange leads to acute respiratory failure and typically catastrophic illness, termed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring ventilatory and critical care support. There remains a significant disease burden, with some estimates showing 200,000 cases each year in the USA with a mortality approaching 50%. In addition, there is a significant burden of morbidity in survivors. There are currently no disease-modifying therapies available, and the most effective advances in caring for these patients have been in changes to ventilator strategy as a result of the ARDS network studies nearly 15 years ago. Here, we will give an overview of more recent advances in the understanding of the cellular biology of ALI and highlight areas that may prove fertile for future disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Sharp
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, UK
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43
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The article provides an overview of efforts to identify and validate biomarkers in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and a discussion of the challenges confronting researchers in this area. RECENT FINDINGS Although various putative biomarkers have been investigated in ARDS, the data have been largely disappointing and the 'troponin' of ARDS remains elusive. Establishing a relationship between measurable biological processes and clinical outcomes is vital to advancing clinical trials in ARDS and expanding our arsenal of treatments for this complex syndrome. SUMMARY This article summarizes the current status of ARDS biomarker research and provides a framework for future investigation.
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44
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Walter JM, Wilson J, Ware LB. Biomarkers in acute respiratory distress syndrome: from pathobiology to improving patient care. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 8:573-86. [DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2014.924073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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45
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Boyle AJ, McNamee JJ, McAuley DF. Biological therapies in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:969-81. [PMID: 24702248 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.905536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterised by life-threatening respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, and multiple organ failure. It has a mortality of up to 30 - 45% and causes a long-term reduction in quality of life for survivors, with only approximately 50% of survivors able to return to work 12 months after hospital discharge. AREAS COVERED In this review we discuss the complex pathophysiology of ARDS, describe the mechanistic pathways implicated in the development of ARDS and how these are currently being targeted with novel biological therapies. These include therapies targeted against inflammatory cytokines, mechanisms mediating increased alveolar permeability and disordered coagulation, as well as the potential of growth factors, gene therapy and mesenchymal stem cells. EXPERT OPINION Although understanding of the pathophysiology of ARDS has improved, to date there are no effective pharmacological interventions that target a specific mechanism, with the only potentially effective therapies to date aiming to limit ventilator-associated lung injury. However, we believe that through this improved mechanistic insight and better clinical trial design, there is cautious optimism for the future of biological therapies in ARDS, and expect current and future biological compounds to provide treatment options to clinicians managing this devastating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew James Boyle
- Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Infection and Immunity , Belfast , UK
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46
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Interstitial pneumonia during bevacizumab-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 31:856. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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47
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Lax S, Wilson MR, Takata M, Thickett DR. Using a non-invasive assessment of lung injury in a murine model of acute lung injury. BMJ Open Respir Res 2014; 1:e000014. [PMID: 25478170 PMCID: PMC4212707 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2013-000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial oxygen saturation has not been assessed sequentially in conscious mice as a direct consequence of an in vivo murine model of acute lung injury. Here, we report daily changes in arterial oxygen saturation and other cardiopulmonary parameters by using infrared pulse oximetry following intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (IT-LPS) for up to 9 days, and following IT-phosphate buffered saline up to 72 h as a control. We show that arterial oxygen saturation decreases, with maximal decline at 96 h post IT-LPS. Blood oxygen levels negatively correlate with 7 of 10 quantitative markers of murine lung injury, including neutrophilia and interleukin-6 expression. This identifies infrared pulse oximetry as a method to non-invasively monitor arterial oxygen saturation following direct LPS instillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân Lax
- Department of Clinical Respiratory Sciences , Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Birmingham , UK
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine , Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital , London , UK
| | - Masao Takata
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine , Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital , London , UK
| | - David R Thickett
- Department of Clinical Respiratory Sciences , Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Birmingham , UK
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48
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Barratt S, Medford AR, Millar AB. Vascular endothelial growth factor in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respiration 2014; 87:329-42. [PMID: 24356493 DOI: 10.1159/000356034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe form of lung injury, characterised by alveolar oedema and vascular permeability, in part due to disruption of the alveolar capillary membrane integrity. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was originally identified as a vascular permeability factor and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/ARDS. This review describes our current knowledge of VEGF biology and summarises the literature investigating the potential role VEGF may play in normal lung maintenance and in the development of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barratt
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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49
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McLoughlin P, Keane MP. Physiological and pathological angiogenesis in the adult pulmonary circulation. Compr Physiol 2013; 1:1473-508. [PMID: 23733650 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis occurs during growth and physiological adaptation in many systemic organs, for example, exercise-induced skeletal and cardiac muscle hypertrophy, ovulation, and tissue repair. Disordered angiogenesis contributes to chronic inflammatory disease processes and to tumor growth and metastasis. Although it was previously thought that the adult pulmonary circulation was incapable of supporting new vessel growth, over that past 10 years new data have shown that angiogenesis within this circulation occurs both during physiological adaptive processes and as part of the pathogenic mechanisms of lung diseases. Here we review the expression of vascular growth factors in the adult lung, their essential role in pulmonary vascular homeostasis and the changes in their expression that occur in response to physiological challenges and in disease. We consider the evidence for adaptive neovascularization in the pulmonary circulation in response to alveolar hypoxia and during lung growth following pneumonectomy in the adult lung. In addition, we review the role of disordered angiogenesis in specific lung diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute adult distress syndrome and both primary and metastatic tumors of the lung. Finally, we examine recent experimental data showing that therapeutic enhancement of pulmonary angiogenesis has the potential to treat lung diseases characterized by vessel loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul McLoughlin
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, and St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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50
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Bersani I, Kunzmann S, Speer CP. Immunomodulatory properties of surfactant preparations. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2013; 11:99-110. [PMID: 23428105 DOI: 10.1586/eri.12.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant replacement significantly decreased acute pulmonary morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Besides improving lung function and oxygenation, surfactant is also a key modulator of pulmonary innate and acquired immunity regulating lung inflammatory processes. In this review, we describe the immunomodulatory features of surfactant preparations. Various surfactant preparations decrease the proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine release, the oxidative burst activity, and the nitric oxide production in lung inflammatory cells such as alveolar neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages; they also affect lymphocyte proliferative response and immunoglobulin production, as well as natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cell activity. In addition, surfactant preparations are involved in airway remodeling, as they decrease lung fibroblast proliferation capacity and the release of mediators involved in remodeling. Moreover, they increase cell transepithelial resistance and VEGF synthesis in lung epithelial cells. A number of different signaling pathways and molecules are involved in these processes. Because the inhibition of local immune response may decrease lung injury, surfactant therapeutic efficacy may be related not only to its biophysical characteristics but, at least in part, to its anti-inflammatory features and its effects on remodeling processes. However, further studies are required to identify which surfactant preparation ensures the highest anti-inflammatory activity, thereby potentially decreasing the inflammatory process underlying respiratory distress syndrome. In perspective, detailed characterization of these anti-inflammatory effects could help to improve the next generation of surfactant preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliana Bersani
- University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
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