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Kumar M, Zaman MK, Das S, Goyary D, Pathak MP, Chattopadhyay P. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV4) channel inhibition: A novel promising approach for the treatment of lung diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114861. [PMID: 37178575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) can provide a promising potential therapeutic target in the development of novel medicines for lung disorders. TRPV4 expresses in lung tissue and plays an important role in the maintenance of respiratory homeostatic function. TRPV4 is upregulated in life-threatening respiratory diseases like pulmonary hypertension, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. TRPV4 is linked to several proteins that have physiological functions and are sensitive to a wide variety of stimuli, such as mechanical stimulation, changes in temperature, and hypotonicity, and responds to a variety of proteins and lipid mediators, including anandamide (AA), the arachidonic acid metabolite, 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-EET), a plant dimeric diterpenoid called bisandrographolide A (BAA), and the phorbol ester 4-alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4α-PDD). This study focused on relevant research evidence of TRPV4 in lung disorders and its agonist and antagonist effects. TRPV4 can be a possible target of discovered molecules that exerts high therapeutic potential in the treatment of respiratory diseases by inhibiting TRPV4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam 784001, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004, India
| | - Md Kamaruz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004, India
| | - Sanghita Das
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam 784001, India; Pharmaceutical & Fine Chemical Division, Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Danswrang Goyary
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam 784001, India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India.
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam 784001, India.
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Calcium–Permeable Channels and Endothelial Dysfunction in Acute Lung Injury. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2217-2229. [PMID: 35678679 PMCID: PMC9164020 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased permeability of the lung microvascular endothelium is one critical initiation of acute lung injury (ALI). The disruption of vascular-endothelium integrity results in leakiness of the endothelial barrier and accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the alveoli. During ALI, increased endothelial-cell (EC) permeability is always companied by high frequency and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. Mechanistically, cytosolic calcium oscillations include calcium release from internal stores and calcium entry via channels located in the cell membrane. Recently, numerous publications have shown substantial evidence that calcium-permeable channels play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the endothelium barrier function of the vessel wall in ALI. These novel endothelial signaling pathways are future targets for the treatment of lung injury. This short review focuses on the up-to-date research and provide insight into the contribution of calcium influx via ion channels to the disruption of lung microvascular endothelial-barrier function during ALI.
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Jia Q, Yang Y, Chen X, Yao S, Hu Z. Emerging roles of mechanosensitive ion channels in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respir Res 2022; 23:366. [PMID: 36539808 PMCID: PMC9764320 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a devastating respiratory disorder with high rates of mortality and morbidity, but the detailed underlying mechanisms of ALI/ARDS remain largely unknown. Mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs), including epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), Piezo channels, transient receptor potential channels (TRPs), and two-pore domain potassium ion (K2P) channels, are highly expressed in lung tissues, and the activity of these MSCs can be modulated by mechanical forces (e.g., mechanical ventilation) and other stimuli (e.g., LPS, hyperoxia). Dysfunction of MSCs has been found in various types of ALI/ARDS, and MSCs play a key role in regulating alveolar fluid clearance, alveolar epithelial/endothelial barrier function, the inflammatory response and surfactant secretion in ALI/ARDS lungs. Targeting MSCs exerts therapeutic effects in the treatment of ALI/ARDS. In this review, we summarize the structure and functions of several well-recognized MSCs, the role of MSCs in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS and recent advances in the pharmacological and molecular modulation of MSCs in the treatment of ALI/ARDS. According to the current literature, targeting MSCs might be a very promising therapeutic approach against ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiyi Yang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
The alveolo-capillary barrier is relatively impermeable, and facilitates gas exchange via the large alveolar surface in the lung. Disruption of alveolo-capillary barrier leads to accumulation of edema fluid in lung injury. Studies in animal models of various forms of lung injury provide evidence that TRPV4 channels play a critical role in disruption of the alveolo-capillary barrier and pathogenesis of lung injury. TRPV4 channels from capillary endothelial cells, alveolar epithelial cells, and immune cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung injury. Recent studies in endothelium-specific TRPV4 knockout mice point to a central role for endothelial TRPV4 channels in lung injury. In this chapter, we review the findings on the pathological roles of endothelial TRPV4 channels in different forms of lung injury and future directions for further investigation.
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Koç Ş. A possible follow-up method for diabetic heart failure patients. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14794. [PMID: 34482595 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasma osmolarity is maintained through various mechanisms. The osmolarity of the aqueous humor around the crystalline lens is correlated with plasma osmolarity. A vacuole can be formed in the lens upon changes in osmolarity. The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are new in the treatment of heart failure. They can cause osmotic diuresis but do not affect plasma osmolarity. OBJECTIVE It is unclear if the presence or absence of lens vacuole changes can monitor diabetic heart failure and SGLT2i treatment efficacy. METHODS Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles about osmolarity, diabetes, transient receptor potential vanilloid channel, diabetic heart failure, lens vacuoles up to May 2021. MAIN MESSAGE The effect of SGLT2i on osmosis underlies its benefit to heart failure, but this in turn affects many other mechanisms. Failure to experience osmolarity changes will reduce the negative changes in terms of heart failure affected by osmolarity. A practical observable method is needed. CONCLUSIONS There is a possibility of using lens vacuoles in the follow-up of diabetic heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şahbender Koç
- University of Health Sciences, Keçiören Education and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Jaffal SM, Abbas MA. TRP channels in COVID-19 disease: Potential targets for prevention and treatment. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109567. [PMID: 34166652 PMCID: PMC8217345 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] is a global health threat caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV2] that requires two proteins for entry: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE2] and -membrane protease serine 2 [TMPRSS2]. Many patients complain from pneumonia, cough, fever, and gastrointestinal (GI) problems. Notably, different TRP channels are expressed in various tissues infected by SARS-CoV-2. TRP channels are cation channels that show a common architecture with high permeability to calcium [Ca2+] in most sub-families. Literature review shed light on the possible role of TRP channels in COVID-19 disease. TRP channels may take part in inflammation, pain, fever, anosmia, ageusia, respiratory, cardiovascular, GI and neurological complications related to COVID-19. Also, TRP channels could be the targets for many active compounds that showed effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2. Desensitization or blocking TRP channels by antibodies, aptamers, small molecules or venoms can be an option for COVID-19 prevention and future treatment. This review provides insights into the involvement of TRP channels in different symptoms and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 , potential treatments targeting these channels and highlights missing gaps in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Jaffal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Manal A Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328, Amman, Jordan; Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328, Amman, Jordan
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Rajan S, Schremmer C, Weber J, Alt P, Geiger F, Dietrich A. Ca 2+ Signaling by TRPV4 Channels in Respiratory Function and Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040822. [PMID: 33917551 PMCID: PMC8067475 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily are broadly expressed in our body and contribute to multiple cellular functions. Most interestingly, the fourth member of the vanilloid family of TRP channels (TRPV4) serves different partially antagonistic functions in the respiratory system. This review highlights the role of TRPV4 channels in lung fibroblasts, the lung endothelium, as well as the alveolar and bronchial epithelium, during physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Data available from animal models and human tissues confirm the importance of this ion channel in cellular signal transduction complexes with Ca2+ ions as a second messenger. Moreover, TRPV4 is an excellent therapeutic target with numerous specific compounds regulating its activity in diseases, like asthma, lung fibrosis, edema, and infections.
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Moraes RDA, Webb RC, Silva DF. Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes and Obesity: Focus on TRP Channels. Front Physiol 2021; 12:645109. [PMID: 33716794 PMCID: PMC7952965 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily consists of a diverse group of non-selective cation channels that has a wide tissue distribution and is involved in many physiological processes including sensory perception, secretion of hormones, vasoconstriction/vasorelaxation, and cell cycle modulation. In the blood vessels, TRP channels are present in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and perivascular sensory nerves, and these channels have been implicated in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular cell proliferation, vascular wall permeability and angiogenesis. Additionally, dysfunction of TRP channels is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Unfortunately, the prevalence of diabetes and obesity is rising worldwide, becoming an important public health problems. These conditions have been associated, highlighting that obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. As well, both cardiometabolic diseases have been linked to a common disorder, vascular dysfunction. In this review, we briefly consider general aspects of TRP channels, and we focus the attention on TRPC (canonical or classical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), and TRPML (mucolipin), which were shown to be involved in vascular alterations of diabetes and obesity or are potentially linked to vascular dysfunction. Therefore, elucidation of the functional and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of TRP channels in vascular dysfunction in diabetes and obesity is important for the prevention of vascular complications and end-organ damage, providing a further therapeutic target in the treatment of these metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Darízy Flávia Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
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Lu Q, Zemskov EA, Sun X, Wang H, Yegambaram M, Wu X, Garcia-Flores A, Song S, Tang H, Kangath A, Cabanillas GZ, Yuan JXJ, Wang T, Fineman JR, Black SM. Activation of the mechanosensitive Ca 2+ channel TRPV4 induces endothelial barrier permeability via the disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Redox Biol 2021; 38:101785. [PMID: 33221570 PMCID: PMC7691184 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a refractory lung disease with an unacceptable high mortality rate. Paradoxically, mechanical ventilation also creates excessive mechanical stress that directly augments lung injury, a syndrome known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The specific mechanisms involved in VILI-induced pulmonary capillary leakage, a key pathologic feature of VILI are still far from resolved. The mechanoreceptor, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4, TRPV4 plays a key role in the development of VILI through unresolved mechanism. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling plays an important role in sepsis-mediated ARDS so in this study we investigated whether there is a role for eNOS uncoupling in the barrier disruption associated with TRPV4 activation during VILI. Our data indicate that the TRPV4 agonist, 4α-Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4αPDD) induces pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (EC) barrier disruption through the disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Mechanistically, this occurs via the mitochondrial redistribution of uncoupled eNOS secondary to a PKC-dependent phosphorylation of eNOS at Threonine 495 (T495). A specific decoy peptide to prevent T495 phosphorylation reduced eNOS uncoupling and mitochondrial redistribution and preserved PAEC barrier function under 4αPDD challenge. Further, our eNOS decoy peptide was able to preserve lung vascular integrity in a mouse model of VILI. Thus, we have revealed a functional link between TRPV4 activation, PKC-dependent eNOS phosphorylation at T495, and EC barrier permeability. Reducing pT495-eNOS could be a new therapeutic approach for the prevention of VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Evgeny A Zemskov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xutong Sun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manivannan Yegambaram
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Flores
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Shanshan Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Archana Kangath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gabriela Zubiate Cabanillas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Chemist-Biological Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, SON, Mexico
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational & Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Xu X, Goyal N, Costell MH, Roethke T, James CH, Thorneloe KS, Patterson J, Stoy P, Goodman K, Sprecher DL, Behm DJ. Identification of a Human Whole Blood-Based Endothelial Cell Impedance Assay for Assessing Clinical Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Target Engagement Ex Vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:436-443. [PMID: 33376150 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels expressed on pulmonary endothelial cells are activated by elevated pulmonary vascular pressure, resulting in endothelial shape change, pulmonary barrier disruption, and edema. As such, TRPV4 blocker GSK2798745 was recently investigated in phase I/IIa trials to reduce pulmonary edema caused by heart failure (HF). In the absence of a suitable TRPV4 target engagement biomarker, we hypothesized that an ex vivo assay could be used to predict pharmacological activity at the intended site of action (endothelial cells) of subjects. In this assay, the ability of GSK2798745 to block TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790-induced impendence reduction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the presence of human whole blood was assessed. Blood from healthy volunteers drawn 1-12 hours after single or repeated dose of GSK2798745 (5 mg) inhibited GSK1016790-induced impedance reduction by ≥85%. Similarly, blood samples from 16 subjects with HF dosed with GSK2798745 (2.4 mg) inhibited GSK1016790-induced HUVEC impedance reduction by ≥58% 1-24 hours after single dosing and ≥78% 1-24 hours after 7 days of repeated dosing. No inhibition was detected using blood from placebo subjects. Using matched GSK2798745 plasma levels, a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship was calculated as 2.9 nM IC50, consistent with the 6.5 nM IC50 of GSK2798745 obtained from a rat in vivo PK/PD model of pulmonary edema after correcting for rat-to-human differences. These results indicate that circulating levels of GSK2798745 in the recently completed phase I/IIa trials were sufficient to block TRPV4 in lung vascular endothelial cells to a large extent, supporting this dosing regimen for assessing efficacy in HF. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In the absence of a suitable target engagement biomarker, we developed an ex vivo assay to predict the pharmacological activity of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) blocker GSK2798745 in healthy volunteers and subjects with heart failure (HF) from phase I/IIa trials. The potency values from the ex vivo assay were consistent with those predicted from a rat in vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model of pulmonary edema, strongly suggesting that circulating levels of GSK2798745 were sufficient to robustly block TRPV4, supporting use of GSK2798745 for assessing efficacy in HF.
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Swain SM, Liddle RA. Piezo1 acts upstream of TRPV4 to induce pathological changes in endothelial cells due to shear stress. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100171. [PMID: 33298523 PMCID: PMC7948745 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ion channels Piezo1 and TRPV4 have both, independently, been implicated in high venous pressure- and fluid shear stress-induced vascular hyperpermeability in endothelial cells. However, the mechanism by which Piezo1 and TRPV4 channels execute the same function is poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that Piezo1 regulates TRPV4 channel activation in endothelial cells and that Piezo1-mediated TRPV4 channel opening is a function of the strength and duration of fluid shear stress. We first confirmed that either fluid shear stress or the Piezo1 agonist, Yoda1, led to an elevation in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and that application of the Piezo1 antagonist, GsMTx4, completely blocked this change. We discovered that high and prolonged shear stress caused sustained [Ca2+]i elevation that was blocked by inhibition of TRPV4 channel opening. Moreover, Piezo1 stimulated TRPV4 opening through activation of phospholipase A2. TRPV4-dependent sustained [Ca2+]i elevation was responsible for fluid shear stress-mediated and Piezo1-mediated disruption of adherens junctions and actin remodeling. Blockade of TRPV4 channels with the selective TRPV4 blocker, HC067047, prevented the loss of endothelial cell integrity and actin disruption induced by Yoda1 or shear stress and prevented Piezo1-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cell monolayers. These findings demonstrate that Piezo1 activation by fluid shear stress initiates a calcium signal that causes TRPV4 opening, which in turn is responsible for the sustained phase calcium elevation that triggers pathological events in endothelial cells. Thus, deleterious effects of shear stress are initiated by Piezo1 but require TRPV4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip M Swain
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rodger A Liddle
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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12
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Achanta S, Jordt SE. Transient receptor potential channels in pulmonary chemical injuries and as countermeasure targets. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1480:73-103. [PMID: 32892378 PMCID: PMC7933981 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The lung is highly sensitive to chemical injuries caused by exposure to threat agents in industrial or transportation accidents, occupational exposures, or deliberate use as weapons of mass destruction (WMD). There are no antidotes for the majority of the chemical threat agents and toxic inhalation hazards despite their use as WMDs for more than a century. Among several putative targets, evidence for transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels as mediators of injury by various inhalational chemical threat agents is emerging. TRP channels are expressed in the respiratory system and are essential for homeostasis. Among TRP channels, the body of literature supporting essential roles for TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRPV4 in pulmonary chemical injuries is abundant. TRP channels mediate their function through sensory neuronal and nonneuronal pathways. TRP channels play a crucial role in complex pulmonary pathophysiologic events including, but not limited to, increased intracellular calcium levels, signal transduction, recruitment of proinflammatory cells, neurogenic inflammatory pathways, cough reflex, hampered mucus clearance, disruption of the integrity of the epithelia, pulmonary edema, and fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the role of TRP channels in chemical threat agents-induced pulmonary injuries and how these channels may serve as medical countermeasure targets for broader indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Achanta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sven-Eric Jordt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Experimental Validation of Novel TRPV4 Antagonists Inspired by Labdane Diterpenes. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18100519. [PMID: 33081023 PMCID: PMC7594054 DOI: 10.3390/md18100519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Labdane diterpenes are widespread classes of natural compounds present in variety of marine and terrestrial organisms and plants. Many of them represents “natural libraries” of compounds with interesting biological activities due to differently functionalized drimane nucleus exploitable for potential pharmacological applications. The transient receptor potential channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) channel has recently emerged as a pharmacological target for several respiratory diseases, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Inspired by the labdane-like bicyclic core, a series of homodrimane-derived esters and amides was designed and synthesized by modifying the flexible tail in position 1 of (+)-sclareolide, an oxidized derivative of the bioactive labdane-type diterpene sclareol. The potency and selectivity towards rTRPV4 and hTRPV1 receptors were assessed by calcium influx cellular assays. Molecular determinants critical for eliciting TRPV4 antagonism were identified by structure-activity relationships. Among the selective TRPV4 antagonists identified, compound 6 was the most active with an IC50 of 5.3 μM. This study represents the first report of semisynthetic homodrimane TRPV4 antagonists, selective over TRPV1, and potentially useful as pharmacological tools for the development of novel TRPV4 channel modulators.
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Weber J, Rajan S, Schremmer C, Chao YK, Krasteva-Christ G, Kannler M, Yildirim AÖ, Brosien M, Schredelseker J, Weissmann N, Grimm C, Gudermann T, Dietrich A. TRPV4 channels are essential for alveolar epithelial barrier function as protection from lung edema. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134464. [PMID: 32931478 PMCID: PMC7605532 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion-induced edema (IRE), one of the most significant causes of mortality after lung transplantation, can be mimicked ex vivo in isolated perfused mouse lungs (IPL). Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a nonselective cation channel studied in endothelium; however, its role in the lung epithelium remains elusive. Here, we show enhanced IRE in TRPV4-deficient (TRPV4–/–) IPL compared with that of WT controls, indicating a protective role of TRPV4 in maintenance of the alveolar epithelial barrier. By immunohistochemistry, mRNA profiling, and electrophysiological characterization, we detected TRPV4 in bronchial epithelium, alveolar epithelial type I (ATI), and alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells. Genetic ablation of TRPV4 resulted in reduced expression of the water-conducting aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) channel in ATI cells. Migration of TRPV4–/– ATI cells was reduced, and cell barrier function was impaired. Analysis of isolated primary TRPV4–/– ATII cells revealed a reduced expression of surfactant protein C, and the TRPV4 activator GSK1016790A induced increases in current densities only in WT ATII cells. Moreover, TRPV4–/– lungs of adult mice developed significantly larger mean chord lengths and altered lung function compared with WT lungs. Therefore, our data illustrate essential functions of TRPV4 channels in alveolar epithelial cells and in protection from edema formation. TRPV4, a non-selective cation channel, is essential for alveolar epithelial function and protects from ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Weber
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Suhasini Rajan
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Christian Schremmer
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Yu-Kai Chao
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Gabriela Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kannler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, a member of the DZL, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Brosien
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, a member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Johann Schredelseker
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, a member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Grimm
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
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15
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Fermoyle CC, Stewart GM, Borlaug BA, Johnson BD. Effects of exercise on thoracic blood volumes, lung fluid accumulation, and pulmonary diffusing capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 319:R602-R609. [PMID: 32936678 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00192.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) experience symptoms of exertional dyspnea that may be related to lung fluid accumulation during exercise. A computed tomography (CT)-based method was used to measure exercise-induced changes in extravascular lung fluid content and thoracic blood volumes and to determine the effect of lung fluid on lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in stable subjects with HFpEF and healthy controls. Nine subjects with HFpEF (age = 68 ± 8 yr; body mass index = 32.1 ± 2.6 kg/m2) and eight healthy controls (62 ± 9 yr, 23.8 ± 2.4 kg/m2) performed triplicate rebreathe DLCO/DLNO (lung diffusing capacity for nitric oxide) tests in a supine position at rest and duplicate measurements during two 5-min submaximal exercise stages (15W and 35W) and recovery. Subjects subsequently performed a 5-min exercise bout (35W) inside a CT scanner, and extravascular lung fluid content and thoracic blood volumes were quantified at rest and immediately following exercise from thoracic and contrast perfusion scans, respectively. Subjects with HFpEF had a higher lung fluid content at rest compared with controls (means ± SD, HFpEF: 14.4 ± 1.7%, control: 12.8 ± 1.7%, P = 0.043) and a higher lung fluid content following exercise (15.2 ± 2.0% vs. 12.6 ± 1.5%, P = 0.009). Higher lung fluid content was associated with a lower DLCO and alveolar-capillary membrane conductance (Dm) in subjects with HFpEF (DLCO: R = -0.57, P = 0.022, Dm: R = -0.61, P = 0.012) but not in controls. Pulmonary blood volume was not altered by exercise and was similar between groups. Submaximal exercise elicited a greater accumulation of lung fluid in subjects with HFpEF compared with in controls, and lung fluid content was negatively correlated with lung diffusing capacity and alveolar-capillary membrane conductance in subjects with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Fermoyle
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Glenn M Stewart
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Barry A Borlaug
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bruce D Johnson
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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16
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Bistola V, Polyzogopoulou E, Parissis J. A novel strategy for the management of lung congestion: targeting
TRPV4
channel, the ‘gate keeper’ of pulmonary capillary permeability. Eur J Heart Fail 2020; 22:1646-1648. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Bistola
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Eftihia Polyzogopoulou
- Emergency Medicine Department, Attikon University Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - John Parissis
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
- Emergency Medicine Department, Attikon University Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
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17
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Olivares-Rubio HF, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. Role of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in the lung. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 149:106451. [PMID: 32294527 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are synthetized from arachidonic acid by the action of members of the CYP2C and CYP2J subfamilies of cytochrome P450 (CYPs). The effects of EETs on cardiovascular function, the nervous system, the kidney and metabolic disease have been reviewed. In the lungs, the presence of these CYPs and EETs has been documented. In general, EETs play a beneficial role in this essential tissue. Among the most important effects of EETs in the lungs are the induction of vasorelaxation in the bronchi, the stimulation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, the induction of vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteries, anti-inflammatory effects induced by asthma, and protection against infection or exposure to chemical substances such as cigarette smoke. EETs also participate in tissue regeneration, but on the downside, they are possibly involved in the progression of lung cancer. More research is necessary to design therapies with EETs for the treatment of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo F Olivares-Rubio
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70-228, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - J J Espinosa-Aguirre
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70-228, Ciudad de México, México.
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18
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Michalick L, Kuebler WM. TRPV4-A Missing Link Between Mechanosensation and Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:413. [PMID: 32210976 PMCID: PMC7076180 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 4 (TRPV4) cation channel is widely expressed in all tissues as well as in immune cells and its function as mechanosensitive Ca2+ channel seems to be conserved throughout all mammalian species. Of late, emerging evidence has implicated TRPV4 in the activation and differentiation of innate immune cells, especially in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. As such, TRPV4 has been shown to mediate neutrophil adhesion and chemotaxis, as well as production of reactive oxygen species in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli. In macrophages, TRPV4 mediates formation of both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and regulates phagocytosis, thus facilitating bacterial clearance and resolution of infection. Importantly, TRPV4 may present a missing link between mechanical forces and immune responses. This connection has been exemplary highlighted by the demonstrated role of TRPV4 in macrophage activation and subsequent induction of lung injury following mechanical overventilation. Mechanosensation via TRPV4 is also expected to activate innate immune cells and establish a pro-inflammatory loop in fibrotic diseases with increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and substrate stiffness. Likewise, TRPV4 may be activated by cell migration through the endothelium or the extracellular matrix, or even by circulating immune cells squeezing through the narrow passages of the pulmonary or systemic capillary bed, a process that has recently been linked to neutrophil priming and depriming. Here, we provide an overview over the emerging role of TRPV4 in innate immune responses and highlight two distinct modes for the activation of TRPV4 by either mechanical forces ("mechanoTRPV4") or by pathogens ("immunoTRPV4").
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M. Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Negri S, Faris P, Berra-Romani R, Guerra G, Moccia F. Endothelial Transient Receptor Potential Channels and Vascular Remodeling: Extracellular Ca 2 + Entry for Angiogenesis, Arteriogenesis and Vasculogenesis. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1618. [PMID: 32038296 PMCID: PMC6985578 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis represent three crucial mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of the vascular network in embryonal and post-natal life. It has long been known that endothelial Ca2+ signals are key players in vascular remodeling; indeed, multiple pro-angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, regulate endothelial cell fate through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channel consist in a superfamily of non-selective cation channels that are widely expressed within vascular endothelial cells. In addition, TRP channels are present in the two main endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) populations, i.e., myeloid angiogenic cells (MACs) and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs). TRP channels are polymodal channels that can assemble in homo- and heteromeric complexes and may be sensitive to both pro-angiogenic cues and subtle changes in local microenvironment. These features render TRP channels the most versatile Ca2+ entry pathway in vascular endothelial cells and in EPCs. Herein, we describe how endothelial TRP channels stimulate vascular remodeling by promoting angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and vasculogenesis through the integration of multiple environmental, e.g., extracellular growth factors and chemokines, and intracellular, e.g., reactive oxygen species, a decrease in Mg2+ levels, or hypercholesterolemia, stimuli. In addition, we illustrate how endothelial TRP channels induce neovascularization in response to synthetic agonists and small molecule drugs. We focus the attention on TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPM2, TRPM4, TRPM7, TRPA1, that were shown to be involved in angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and vasculogenesis. Finally, we discuss the role of endothelial TRP channels in aberrant tumor vascularization by focusing on TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPV2, TRPV4, TRPM8, and TRPA1. These observations suggest that endothelial TRP channels represent potential therapeutic targets in multiple disorders featured by abnormal vascularization, including cancer, ischemic disorders, retinal degeneration and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pawan Faris
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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20
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Chen YL, Sonkusare SK. Endothelial TRPV4 channels and vasodilator reactivity. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2020; 85:89-117. [PMID: 32402646 PMCID: PMC9748413 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channels on the endothelial cell membrane are widely regarded as a crucial Ca2+ influx pathway that promotes endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The downstream vasodilatory targets of endothelial TRPV4 channels vary among different vascular beds, potentially contributing to endothelial cell heterogeneity. Although numerous studies have examined the role of endothelial TRPV4 channels using specific pharmacological tools over the past decade, their physiological significance remains unclear, mainly due to a lack of endothelium-specific knockouts. Moreover, the loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation is a significant contributor to vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular disease. The activity of endothelial TRPV4 channels is impaired in cardiovascular disease; therefore, strategies targeting the mechanisms that reduce endothelial TRPV4 channel activity may restore vascular function and provide therapeutic benefit. In this chapter, we discuss endothelial TRPV4 channel-dependent signaling mechanisms, the heterogeneity in endogenous activators and targets of endothelial TRPV4 channels, and the role of endothelial TRPV4 channels in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss potentially interesting future research directions that may provide novel insights into the physiological and pathological roles of endothelial TRPV4 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States,Corresponding author:
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21
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Pairet N, Mang S, Kiechle T, Laufhäger N, Dietl P, Lamb DJ. Differential modulation of transendothelial electrical resistance by TRPV4 agonists is mediated by apoptosis and/or necrosis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 20:100672. [PMID: 31650038 PMCID: PMC6804647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) has been implicated in many disease conditions also in the lung. Its activation leads to an increase endothelial permeability in an intracellular calcium-influx dependent manner. We investigated its function in vitro on primary human endothelial cells using two TRPV4 agonists, GSK1016790A and 4α-Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4α-PDD) and a selective TRPV4 blocker GSK2193874. Both TRPV4 agonists leaded to a reduction in transendothelial electrical resistance (TER) which was mediated however by differential cytotoxic effects. 4α-PDD induced apoptosis that could not be blocked by TRPV4 inhibition in HUVECs, whereas GSK1016790A selectively activated TRPV4 and reduced TER as a consequence of cellular necrosis. TRPV4 mediated cytotoxicity is poorly described and may provide significant context to the role of TRPV4 in barrier-function. TRPV4 agonism is widely associated with barrier-dysfunction. We show TRPV4 mediated increased membrane permeability is caused by cytotoxicity. The TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A mediates barrier dysfunction via necrosis. The TRPV4 agonist 4α-PDD mediates barrier dysfunction via apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pairet
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, D-88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - S Mang
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, D-88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - T Kiechle
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, D-88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - N Laufhäger
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, D-88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - P Dietl
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - D J Lamb
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, D-88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
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22
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Achanta S, Jordt SE. Toxic effects of chlorine gas and potential treatments: a literature review. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 31:244-256. [PMID: 31532270 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1669244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chlorine gas is one of the highly produced chemicals in the USA and around the world. Chlorine gas has several uses in water purification, sanitation, and industrial applications; however, it is a toxic inhalation hazard agent. Inhalation of chlorine gas, based on the concentration and duration of the exposure, causes a spectrum of symptoms, including but not limited to lacrimation, rhinorrhea, bronchospasm, cough, dyspnea, acute lung injury, death, and survivors develop signs of pulmonary fibrosis and reactive airway disease. Despite the use of chlorine gas as a chemical warfare agent since World War I and its known potential as an industrial hazard, there is no specific antidote. The resurgence of the use of chlorine gas as a chemical warfare agent in recent years has brought speculation of its use as weapons of mass destruction. Therefore, developing antidotes for chlorine gas-induced lung injuries remains the need of the hour. While some of the pre-clinical studies have made substantial progress in the understanding of chlorine gas-induced pulmonary pathophysiology and identifying potential medical countermeasure(s), yet none of the drug candidates are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In this review, we summarized pathophysiology of chlorine gas-induced pulmonary injuries, pre-clinical animal models, development of a pipeline of potential medical countermeasures under FDA animal rule, and future directions for the development of antidotes for chlorine gas-induced lung injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sven-Eric Jordt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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23
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Vassallo A, Wood AJ, Subburayalu J, Summers C, Chilvers ER. The counter-intuitive role of the neutrophil in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Br Med Bull 2019; 131:43-55. [PMID: 31504234 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldz024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophils are the primary effectors of the innate immune system but are profoundly histotoxic cells. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is considered to be a prime example of neutrophil-mediated tissue injury. SOURCES OF DATA The information presented in this review is acquired from the published neutrophil cell biology literature and the longstanding interest of the senior authors in ARDS pathogenesis and clinical management. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Investigators in the field would agree that neutrophils accumulate in high abundance in the pulmonary microcirculation, lung interstitium and alveolar airspace of patients with ARDS. ARDS is also associated with systemic neutrophil priming and delayed neutrophil apoptosis and clearance of neutrophils from the lungs. In animal models, reducing circulating neutrophil numbers ameliorates lung injury. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Areas of uncertainty include how neutrophils get stuck in the narrow pulmonary capillary network-whether this reflects changes in the mechanical properties of primed neutrophils alone or additional cell adhesion molecules, the role of neutrophil sub-sets or polarization states including pro-angiogenic and low-density neutrophils, whether neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is beneficial (through bacterial capture) or harmful and the potential for neutrophils to participate in inflammatory resolution. The latter may involve the generation of specialized pro-resolving molecules (SPMs) and MMP-9, which is required for adequate matrix processing. GROWING POINTS Different and possibly stable endotypes of ARDS are increasingly being recognized, yet the relative contribution of the neutrophil to these endotypes is uncertain. There is renewed and intense interest in understanding the complex 'new biology' of the neutrophil, specifically whether this cell might be a valid therapeutic target in ARDS and other neutrophil-driven diseases and developing understanding of ways to enhance the beneficial role of the neutrophil in the resolution phase of ARDS. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Aside from treatment of the precipitating causes of ARDS, and scrupulous fluid, infection and ventilation management, there are no pharmacological interventions for ARDS; this represents an urgent and unmet need. Therapies aimed at reducing overall neutrophil numbers risk secondary infection; hence better ways are needed to reverse the processes of neutrophil priming activation, hyper-secretion and delayed apoptosis while enhancing the pro-resolution functions of the neutrophil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlette Vassallo
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Alex J Wood
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | | | - Charlotte Summers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Edwin R Chilvers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
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24
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Brooks CA, Barton LS, Behm DJ, Eidam HS, Fox RM, Hammond M, Hoang TH, Holt DA, Hilfiker MA, Lawhorn BG, Patterson JR, Stoy P, Roethke TJ, Ye G, Zhao S, Thorneloe KS, Goodman KB, Cheung M. Discovery of GSK2798745: A Clinical Candidate for Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1228-1233. [PMID: 31413810 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
GSK2798745, a clinical candidate, was identified as an inhibitor of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel for the treatment of pulmonary edema associated with congestive heart failure. We discuss the lead optimization of this novel spirocarbamate series and specifically focus on our strategies and solutions for achieving desirable potency, rat pharmacokinetics, and physicochemical properties. We highlight the use of conformational bias to deliver potency and optimization of volume of distribution and unbound clearance to enable desirable in vivo mean residence times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A. Brooks
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Linda S. Barton
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - David J. Behm
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Hilary S. Eidam
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Ryan M. Fox
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Marlys Hammond
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Tram H. Hoang
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Dennis A. Holt
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Mark A. Hilfiker
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Brian G. Lawhorn
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Jaclyn R. Patterson
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Patrick Stoy
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Theresa J. Roethke
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Guosen Ye
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Steve Zhao
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Kevin S. Thorneloe
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Krista B. Goodman
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Mui Cheung
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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Arachidonic Acid Evokes an Increase in Intracellular Ca 2+ Concentration and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial Cells from Human Brain Microcirculation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070689. [PMID: 31323976 PMCID: PMC6678502 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the conditionally essential polyunsaturated arachidonic acid (AA) regulates cerebral blood flow (CBF) through its metabolites prostaglandin E2 and epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, which act on vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes to vasorelax cerebral microvessels. However, AA may also elicit endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Herein, we adopted Ca2+ and NO imaging, combined with immunoblotting, to assess whether AA induces intracellular Ca2+ signals and NO release in the human brain microvascular endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3. AA caused a dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i that was mimicked by the not-metabolizable analogue, eicosatetraynoic acid. The Ca2+ response to AA was patterned by endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release through type 3 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, lysosomal Ca2+ mobilization through two-pore channels 1 and 2 (TPC1-2), and extracellular Ca2+ influx through transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). In addition, AA-evoked Ca2+ signals resulted in robust NO release, but this signal was considerably delayed as compared to the accompanying Ca2+ wave and was essentially mediated by TPC1-2 and TRPV4. Overall, these data provide the first evidence that AA elicits Ca2+-dependent NO release from a human cerebrovascular endothelial cell line, but they seemingly rule out the possibility that this NO signal could acutely modulate neurovascular coupling.
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Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of a Novel, First-in-Class TRPV4 Ion Channel Inhibitor, GSK2798745, in Healthy and Heart Failure Subjects. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2019; 19:335-342. [PMID: 30637626 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-018-00320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Pulmonary capillary endothelial transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel plays a critical role in mediating the development of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. GSK2798745 is a first-in-class, highly potent, selective, orally active TRPV4 channel blocker being evaluated in a first-time-in-humans study (NCT02119260). METHODS GSK2798745 was administered in a randomized, placebo-controlled study design to healthy volunteers in three separate cohorts as single escalating doses, with and without food, and as once-daily repeat doses for up to 14 days, respectively. Two cohorts of subjects with mild to moderate heart failure were also administered GSK2798745 once daily for up to 7 days. Safety, tolerability, and systemic exposure data were collected. RESULTS No significant safety issues or serious adverse events were observed with GSK2798745 in healthy volunteers and patients with heart failure. GSK2798745 systemic exposure data demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics up to 12.5 mg, less than twofold accumulation with once-daily dosing, and a systemic half-life of ~ 13 h. There was a slight increase in GSK2798745 exposure [14% increase in area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and 9% increase in maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax)] after administration with a high-fat meal. CONCLUSIONS GSK2798745 was well-tolerated in healthy volunteers and patients with stable heart failure. The safety and exposure data obtained in this study allow further evaluation of the drug in long-term clinical studies in heart failure as well as other indications.
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Modulators of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels as Therapeutic Options in Lung Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010023. [PMID: 30717260 PMCID: PMC6469169 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are essential for gas exchange and serve as the gateways of our body to the external environment. They are easily accessible for drugs from both sides, the airways and the vasculature. Recent literature provides evidence for a role of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels as chemosensors and essential members of signal transduction cascades in stress-induced cellular responses. This review will focus on TRP channels (TRPA1, TRPC6, TRPV1, and TRPV4), predominantly expressed in non-neuronal lung tissues and their involvement in pathways associated with diseases like asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung fibrosis, and edema formation. Recently identified specific modulators of these channels and their potential as new therapeutic options as well as strategies for a causal treatment based on the mechanistic understanding of molecular events will also be evaluated.
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Pero JE, Matthews JM, Behm DJ, Brnardic EJ, Brooks C, Budzik BW, Costell MH, Donatelli CA, Eisennagel SH, Erhard K, Fischer MC, Holt DA, Jolivette LJ, Li H, Li P, McAtee JJ, McCleland BW, Pendrak I, Posobiec LM, Rivera KL, Rivero RA, Roethke TJ, Sender MR, Shu A, Terrell LR, Vaidya K, Xu X, Lawhorn BG. Design and Optimization of Sulfone Pyrrolidine Sulfonamide Antagonists of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-4 with in Vivo Activity in a Pulmonary Edema Model. J Med Chem 2018; 61:11209-11220. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Brnardic EJ, Ye G, Brooks C, Donatelli C, Barton L, McAtee J, Sanchez RM, Shu A, Erhard K, Terrell L, Graczyk-Millbrandt G, He Y, Costell MH, Behm DJ, Roethke T, Stoy P, Holt DA, Lawhorn BG. Discovery of Pyrrolidine Sulfonamides as Selective and Orally Bioavailable Antagonists of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-4 (TRPV4). J Med Chem 2018; 61:9738-9755. [PMID: 30335378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of pyrrolidine sulfonamide transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) antagonists was developed by modification of a previously reported TRPV4 inhibitor (1). Several core-structure modifications were identified that improved TRPV4 activity by increasing structural rigidity and reducing the entropic energy penalty upon binding to the target protein. The new template was initially discovered as a minor regio-isomeric side product formed during routine structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, and further optimization resulted in highly potent compounds with a novel pyrrolidine diol core. Further improvements in potency and pharmacokinetic properties were achieved through SAR studies on the sulfonamide substituent to give an optimized lead compound GSK3395879 (52) that demonstrated the ability to inhibit TRPV4-mediated pulmonary edema in an in vivo rat model. GSK3395879 is a tool for studying the biology of TRPV4 and an advanced lead for identifying new heart failure medicines.
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30
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Simmons S, Erfinanda L, Bartz C, Kuebler WM. Novel mechanisms regulating endothelial barrier function in the pulmonary microcirculation. J Physiol 2018; 597:997-1021. [PMID: 30015354 DOI: 10.1113/jp276245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary epithelial and vascular endothelial cell layers provide two sequential physical and immunological barriers that together form a semi-permeable interface and prevent alveolar and interstitial oedema formation. In this review, we focus specifically on the continuous endothelium of the pulmonary microvascular bed that warrants strict control of the exchange of gases, fluid, solutes and circulating cells between the plasma and the interstitial space. The present review provides an overview of emerging molecular mechanisms that permit constant transcellular exchange between the vascular and interstitial compartment, and cause, prevent or reverse lung endothelial barrier failure under experimental conditions, yet with a clinical perspective. Based on recent findings and at times seemingly conflicting results we discuss emerging paradigms of permeability regulation by altered ion transport as well as shifts in the homeostasis of sphingolipids, angiopoietins and prostaglandins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szandor Simmons
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lasti Erfinanda
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Bartz
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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31
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Zhao H, Zhang K, Tang R, Meng H, Zou Y, Wu P, Hu R, Liu X, Feng H, Chen Y. TRPV4 Blockade Preserves the Blood-Brain Barrier by Inhibiting Stress Fiber Formation in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:97. [PMID: 29636662 PMCID: PMC5880899 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and subsequent brain edema play important roles in the secondary neuronal death and neurological dysfunction that are observed following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In previous studies, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a calcium-permeable mechanosensitive channel, was shown to induce cytotoxicity in many types of cells and to play a role in orchestrating barrier functions. In the present study, we explored the role of TRPV4 in ICH-induced brain injury, specifically investigating its effect on BBB disruption. Autologous arterial blood was injected into the basal ganglia of rats to mimic ICH. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham and experimental groups for studies on the time course of TRPV4 expression after ICH. The selective TRPV4 antagonist HC-067047 and TRPV4 siRNA were administered to evaluate the effects of TRPV4 inhibition. GSK1016790A, a TRPV4 agonist, was administered to naive rats to verify the involvement of TRPV4-induced BBB disruption. A PKC inhibitor, dihydrochloride (H7), and a selective RhoA inhibitor, C3 transferase, were administered to clarify the involvement of the PKCα/RhoA/MLC2 pathway following ICH. Post-ICH assessments including functional tests, brain edema measurements, Evans blue extravasation, western blotting and immunohistochemical assays were performed. TRPV4 inhibition remarkably ameliorated neurological symptoms, brain edema, and neuronal death, as well as BBB disruption, 24–72 h following ICH. Meanwhile, TRPV4 blockade preserved the expression of adherens and tight junction proteins, as well as BBB integrity, by inhibiting stress fiber formation, which might be correlated with the regulation of components of the PKCα/RhoA/MLC2 pathway. Furthermore, adherens and tight junction protein degradation induced by GSK1016790A treatment in naive rats was also related to PKCα/RhoA/MLC2-pathway-mediated stress fiber formation. Based on these findings, therapeutic interventions targeting TRPV4 may represent a novel approach to ameliorate secondary brain injury following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengli Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaiyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongrui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongjie Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kumar H, Lee SH, Kim KT, Zeng X, Han I. TRPV4: a Sensor for Homeostasis and Pathological Events in the CNS. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8695-8708. [PMID: 29582401 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) was originally described as a calcium-permeable nonselective cation channel. TRPV4 is now recognized as a polymodal ionotropic receptor: it is a broadly expressed, nonselective cation channel (permeable to calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium) that plays an important role in a multitude of physiological processes. TRPV4 is involved in maintaining homeostasis, serves as an osmosensor and thermosensor, can be activated directly by endogenous or exogenous chemical stimuli, and can be activated or sensitized indirectly via intracellular signaling pathways. Additionally, TRPV4 is upregulated in a variety of pathological conditions. In this review, we focus on the role of TRPV4 in mediating homeostasis and pathological events in the central nervous system (CNS). This review is composed of three parts. Section 1 describes the role of TRPV4 in maintaining homeostatic processes, including the volume of body water, ionic concentrations, volume, and the temperature. Section 2 describes the effects of activation and inhibition of TRPV4 in the CNS. Section 3 focuses on the role of TRPV4 during pathological events in CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Tae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
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Hamacher J, Hadizamani Y, Borgmann M, Mohaupt M, Männel DN, Moehrlen U, Lucas R, Stammberger U. Cytokine-Ion Channel Interactions in Pulmonary Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1644. [PMID: 29354115 PMCID: PMC5758508 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs conceptually represent a sponge that is interposed in series in the bodies’ systemic circulation to take up oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide. As such, it matches the huge surface areas of the alveolar epithelium to the pulmonary blood capillaries. The lung’s constant exposure to the exterior necessitates a competent immune system, as evidenced by the association of clinical immunodeficiencies with pulmonary infections. From the in utero to the postnatal and adult situation, there is an inherent vital need to manage alveolar fluid reabsorption, be it postnatally, or in case of hydrostatic or permeability edema. Whereas a wealth of literature exists on the physiological basis of fluid and solute reabsorption by ion channels and water pores, only sparse knowledge is available so far on pathological situations, such as in microbial infection, acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in the pulmonary reimplantation response in transplanted lungs. The aim of this review is to discuss alveolar liquid clearance in a selection of lung injury models, thereby especially focusing on cytokines and mediators that modulate ion channels. Inflammation is characterized by complex and probably time-dependent co-signaling, interactions between the involved cell types, as well as by cell demise and barrier dysfunction, which may not uniquely determine a clinical picture. This review, therefore, aims to give integrative thoughts and wants to foster the unraveling of unmet needs in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Hamacher
- Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine V - Pneumology, Allergology, Respiratory and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yalda Hadizamani
- Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michèle Borgmann
- Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Mohaupt
- Internal Medicine, Sonnenhofspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ueli Moehrlen
- Paediatric Visceral Surgery, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Uz Stammberger
- Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Translational Clinical Oncology, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Schneberger D, Sethi RS, Singh B. Comparative View of Lung Vascular Endothelium of Cattle, Horses, and Water Buffalo. MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL INSIGHTS INTO THE PULMONARY VASCULATURE 2018; 228:21-39. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68483-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ranchoux B, Harvey LD, Ayon RJ, Babicheva A, Bonnet S, Chan SY, Yuan JXJ, Perez VDJ. Endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension: an evolving landscape (2017 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045893217752912. [PMID: 29283043 PMCID: PMC5798691 DOI: 10.1177/2045893217752912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a major player in the development and progression of vascular pathology in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease associated with small vessel loss and obstructive vasculopathy that leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, subsequent right heart failure, and premature death. Over the past ten years, there has been tremendous progress in our understanding of pulmonary endothelial biology as it pertains to the genetic and molecular mechanisms that orchestrate the endothelial response to direct or indirect injury, and how their dysregulation can contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH. As one of the major topics included in the 2017 Grover Conference Series, discussion centered on recent developments in four areas of pulmonary endothelial biology: (1) angiogenesis; (2) endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT); (3) epigenetics; and (4) biology of voltage-gated ion channels. The present review will summarize the content of these discussions and provide a perspective on the most promising aspects of endothelial dysfunction that may be amenable for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lloyd D. Harvey
- University of Pittsburgh Vascular Medicine Institute Division of Cardiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ramon J. Ayon
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Stephen Y. Chan
- University of Pittsburgh Vascular Medicine Institute Division of Cardiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason X.-J. Yuan
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Vinicio de Jesus Perez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
- The Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
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Katira BH, Giesinger RE, Engelberts D, Zabini D, Kornecki A, Otulakowski G, Yoshida T, Kuebler WM, McNamara PJ, Connelly KA, Kavanagh BP. Adverse Heart-Lung Interactions in Ventilator-induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:1411-1421. [PMID: 28795839 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201611-2268oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE In the original 1974 in vivo study of ventilator-induced lung injury, Webb and Tierney reported that high Vt with zero positive end-expiratory pressure caused overwhelming lung injury, subsequently shown by others to be due to lung shear stress. OBJECTIVES To reproduce the lung injury and edema examined in the Webb and Tierney study and to investigate the underlying mechanism thereof. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 400 g received mechanical ventilation for 60 minutes according to the protocol of Webb and Tierney (airway pressures of 14/0, 30/0, 45/10, 45/0 cm H2O). Additional series of experiments (20 min in duration to ensure all animals survived) were studied to assess permeability (n = 4 per group), echocardiography (n = 4 per group), and right and left ventricular pressure (n = 5 and n = 4 per group, respectively). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The original Webb and Tierney results were replicated in terms of lung/body weight ratio (45/0 > 45/10 ≈ 30/0 ≈ 14/0; P < 0.05) and histology. In 45/0, pulmonary edema was overt and rapid, with survival less than 30 minutes. In 45/0 (but not 45/10), there was an increase in microvascular permeability, cyclical abolition of preload, and progressive dilation of the right ventricle. Although left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased in 45/10, it increased in 45/0. CONCLUSIONS In a classic model of ventilator-induced lung injury, high peak pressure (and zero positive end-expiratory pressure) causes respiratory swings (obliteration during inspiration) in right ventricular filling and pulmonary perfusion, ultimately resulting in right ventricular failure and dilation. Pulmonary edema was due to increased permeability, which was augmented by a modest (approximately 40%) increase in hydrostatic pressure. The lung injury and acute cor pulmonale is likely due to pulmonary microvascular injury, the mechanism of which is uncertain, but which may be due to cyclic interruption and exaggeration of pulmonary blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan H Katira
- 1 The Research Institute.,2 Department of Critical Care Medicine.,3 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | - Diana Zabini
- 5 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Alik Kornecki
- 6 Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Takeshi Yoshida
- 1 The Research Institute.,2 Department of Critical Care Medicine.,3 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- 7 Department of Surgery, and.,8 Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | | | - Kim A Connelly
- 5 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Sciences, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Brian P Kavanagh
- 1 The Research Institute.,2 Department of Critical Care Medicine.,9 Department of Anesthesia, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine.,8 Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
This brief review assesses the role of Ca2+ signaling in lung endothelium in regulation of endothelial permeability. The disconnect between experimental and clinical outcomes to date may be due, in part, to the use of tools which yield information about aggregate permeability or Ca2+ responses in lung or in endothelial monolayers. The teaching point of this review is to “unpack the box,” i.e. consider the many potential issues which could impact interpretation of outcomes. These include phenotypic heterogeneity and resultant segment-specific permeability responses, methodologic issues related to permeability measures, contributions from Ca2+ channels in cells other than endothelium—such as alveolar macrophages or blood leukocytes), Ca2+ dynamic patterns, rather than averaged Ca2+ responses to channel activation, and the background context, such as changes in endothelial bioenergetics with sepsis. Any or all of these issues might color interpretation of permeability and Ca2+ signaling in lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary I Townsley
- 12214 Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are both common respiratory diseases that are associated with airflow reduction/obstruction and pulmonary inflammation. Whilst drug therapies offer adequate symptom control for many mild to moderate asthmatic patients, severe asthmatics and COPD patients symptoms are often not controlled, and in these cases, irreversible structural damage occurs with disease progression over time. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, in particular TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPV4 and TRPM8, have been implicated with roles in the regulation of inflammation and autonomic nervous control of the lungs. Evidence suggests that inflammation elevates levels of activators and sensitisers of TRP channels and additionally that TRP channel expression may be increased, resulting in excessive channel activation. The enhanced activity of these channels is thought to then play a key role in the propagation and maintenance of the inflammatory disease state and neuronal symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and cough. For TRPM8 the evidence is less clear, but as with TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPV4, antagonists are being developed by multiple companies for indications including asthma and COPD, which will help in elucidating their role in respiratory disease.
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Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 and Serum Glucocorticoid-regulated Kinase 1 Are Critical Mediators of Lung Injury in Overventilated Mice In Vivo. Anesthesiology 2017; 126:300-311. [PMID: 27861175 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation can cause lung endothelial barrier failure and inflammation cumulating in ventilator-induced lung injury. Yet, underlying mechanotransduction mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors tested the hypothesis that activation of the mechanosensitive Ca channel transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV4) by serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK) 1 may drive the development of ventilator-induced lung injury. METHODS Mice (total n = 54) were ventilated for 2 h with low (7 ml/kg) or high (20 ml/kg) tidal volumes and assessed for signs of ventilator-induced lung injury. Isolated-perfused lungs were inflated with continuous positive airway pressures of 5 or 15 cm H2O (n = 7 each), and endothelial calcium concentration was quantified by real-time imaging. RESULTS Genetic deficiency or pharmacologic inhibition of TRPV4 or SGK1 protected mice from overventilation-induced vascular leakage (reduction in alveolar protein concentration from 0.84 ± 0.18 [mean ± SD] to 0.46 ± 0.16 mg/ml by TRPV4 antagonization), reduced lung inflammation (macrophage inflammatory protein 2 levels of 193 ± 163 in Trpv4 vs. 544 ± 358 pmol/ml in wild-type mice), and attenuated endothelial calcium responses to lung overdistension. Functional coupling of TRPV4 and SGK1 in lung endothelial mechanotransduction was confirmed by proximity ligation assay demonstrating enhanced TRPV4 phosphorylation at serine 824 at 18% as compared to 5% cyclic stretch, which was prevented by SGK1 inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Lung overventilation promotes endothelial calcium influx and barrier failure through a mechanism that involves activation of TRPV4, presumably due to phosphorylation at its serine 824 residue by SGK1. TRPV4 and SGK1 may present promising new targets for prevention or treatment of ventilator-induced lung injury.
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40
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Cheung M, Bao W, Behm DJ, Brooks CA, Bury MJ, Dowdell SE, Eidam HS, Fox RM, Goodman KB, Holt DA, Lee D, Roethke TJ, Willette RN, Xu X, Ye G, Thorneloe KS. Discovery of GSK2193874: An Orally Active, Potent, and Selective Blocker of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:549-554. [PMID: 28523109 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a member of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) superfamily of cation channels. TRPV4 is expressed in the vascular endothelium in the lung and regulates the integrity of the alveolar septal barrier. Increased pulmonary vascular pressure evokes TRPV4-dependent pulmonary edema, and therefore, inhibition of TRPV4 represents a novel approach for the treatment of pulmonary edema associated with conditions such as congestive heart failure. Herein we report the discovery of an orally active, potent, and selective TRPV4 blocker, 3-(1,4'-bipiperidin-1'-ylmethyl)-7-bromo-N-(1-phenylcyclopropyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-quinolinecarboxamide (GSK2193874, 28) after addressing an unexpected off-target cardiovascular liability observed from in vivo studies. GSK2193874 is a selective tool for elucidating TRPV4 biology both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mui Cheung
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Weike Bao
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - David J. Behm
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Carl A. Brooks
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Michael J. Bury
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Sarah E. Dowdell
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Hilary S. Eidam
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Ryan M. Fox
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Krista B. Goodman
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Dennis A. Holt
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Dennis Lee
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Theresa J. Roethke
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Robert N. Willette
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Guosen Ye
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Kevin S. Thorneloe
- GlaxoSmithKline, Heart Failure
Discovery Performance Unit, Metabolic Pathways and
Cardiovascular Therapeutic Area, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
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41
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Scheraga RG, Southern BD, Grove LM, Olman MA. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 in Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:503. [PMID: 28523001 PMCID: PMC5415870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels/pumps are essential regulators of organ homeostasis and disease. In the present review, we discuss the role of the mechanosensitive cation channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), in cytokine secretion and pulmonary inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). TRPV4 has been shown to play a role in lung diseases associated with lung parenchymal stretch or stiffness. TRPV4 indirectly mediates hypotonicity-induced smooth muscle contraction and airway remodeling in asthma. Further, the literature suggests that in CF TRPV4 may improve ciliary beat frequency enhancing mucociliary clearance, while at the same time increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion/lung tissue injury. Currently it is understood that the role of TRPV4 in immune cell function and associated lung tissue injury/ARDS may depend on the injury stimulus. Uncovering the downstream mechanisms of TRPV4 action in pulmonary inflammatory diseases is likely important to understanding disease pathogenesis and may lead to novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G Scheraga
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian D Southern
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lisa M Grove
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mitchell A Olman
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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42
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White JPM, Cibelli M, Urban L, Nilius B, McGeown JG, Nagy I. TRPV4: Molecular Conductor of a Diverse Orchestra. Physiol Rev 2017; 96:911-73. [PMID: 27252279 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00016.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) is a calcium-permeable nonselective cation channel, originally described in 2000 by research teams led by Schultz (Nat Cell Biol 2: 695-702, 2000) and Liedtke (Cell 103: 525-535, 2000). TRPV4 is now recognized as being a polymodal ionotropic receptor that is activated by a disparate array of stimuli, ranging from hypotonicity to heat and acidic pH. Importantly, this ion channel is constitutively expressed and capable of spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist stimulation, which suggests that it serves important physiological functions, as does its widespread dissemination throughout the body and its capacity to interact with other proteins. Not surprisingly, therefore, it has emerged more recently that TRPV4 fulfills a great number of important physiological roles and that various disease states are attributable to the absence, or abnormal functioning, of this ion channel. Here, we review the known characteristics of this ion channel's structure, localization and function, including its activators, and examine its functional importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P M White
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Cibelli
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Laszlo Urban
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - J Graham McGeown
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care Section, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Preclinical Secondary Pharmacology, Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; and School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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43
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Bihari S, Dixon DL, Lawrence MD, De Bellis D, Bonder CS, Dimasi DP, Bersten AD. Fluid-induced lung injury-role of TRPV4 channels. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1121-1134. [PMID: 28456852 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Administration of bolus intravenous fluid is associated with respiratory dysfunction and increased mortality, findings with no clear mechanistic explanation. The objective of this study was to examine whether bolus intravenous (i.v.) fluid administration results in acute lung injury in a rat model and further, to examine whether this injury is associated with transient receptor potential vallinoid (TRPV)4 channel function and endothelial inflammatory response. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 60 ml/kg 0.9% saline i.v. over 30 min. Manifestation of acute lung injury was assessed by lung physiology, morphology, and markers of inflammation. The role of TRPV4 channels in fluid-induced lung injury was subsequently examined by the administration of ruthenium red (RR) in this established rat model and again in TRPV4 KO mice. In endothelial cell culture, permeability and P-selectin expression were measured following TRPV4 agonist with and without antagonist; 0.9% saline resulted in an increase in lung water, lavage protein and phospholipase A2, and plasma angiopoietin-2, with worsening in arterial blood oxygen (PaO2), lung elastance, surfactant activity, and lung histological injury score. These effects were ameliorated following i.v. fluid in rats receiving RR. TRPV4 KO mice did not develop lung edema. Expression of P-selectin increased in endothelial cells following administration of a TRPV4 agonist, which was ameliorated by simultaneous addition of RR. Bolus i.v. 0.9% saline resulted in permeability pulmonary edema. Data from ruthenium red, TRPV4 KO mice, and endothelial cell culture suggest activation of TRPV4 and release of angiopoietin 2 and P-selectin as the central mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Bihari
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia. .,Intensive and Critical Care Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
| | - Dani-Louise Dixon
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.,Intensive and Critical Care Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Mark D Lawrence
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Dylan De Bellis
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - David P Dimasi
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Andrew D Bersten
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.,Intensive and Critical Care Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042, Australia
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44
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Dietrich A, Steinritz D, Gudermann T. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels as molecular targets in lung toxicology and associated diseases. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:123-137. [PMID: 28499580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The lungs as the gateways of our body to the external environment are essential for gas exchange. They are also exposed to toxicants from two sides, the airways and the vasculature. Apart from naturally produced toxic agents, millions of human made chemicals were produced since the beginning of the industrial revolution whose toxicity still needs to be determined. While the knowledge about toxic substances is increasing only slowly, a paradigm shift regarding the proposed mechanisms of toxicity at the plasma membrane emerged. According to their broad-range chemical reactivity, the mechanism of lung injury evoked by these agents has long been described as rather unspecific. Consequently, therapeutic options are still restricted to symptomatic treatment. The identification of molecular down-stream effectors in cells was a major step forward in the mechanistic understanding of the action of toxic chemicals and will pave the way for more causal and specific toxicity testing as well as therapeutic options. In this context, the involvement of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels as chemosensors involved in the detection and effectors of toxicant action is an attractive concept intensively discussed in the scientific community. In this review we will summarize recent evidence for an involvement of TRP channels (TRPA1, TRPC4, TRPC6, TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPM2 and TRPM8) expressed in the lung in pathways of toxin sensing and as mediators of lung inflammation and associated diseases like asthma, COPD, lung fibrosis and edema formation. Specific modulators of these channels may offer new therapeutic options in the future and will endorse strategies for a causal, specifically tailored treatment based on the mechanistic understanding of molecular events induced by lung-toxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dietrich
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Dirk Steinritz
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Germany; Bundeswehr-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Germany
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45
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Role of Nonneuronal TRPV4 Signaling in Inflammatory Processes. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 79:117-139. [PMID: 28528666 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are important signaling components in nociceptive and inflammatory pathways. This is attributed to their ability to function as polymodal sensors of environmental stimuli (chemical and mechanical) and as effector molecules in receptor signaling pathways. TRP vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a nonselective cation channel that is activated by multiple endogenous stimuli including shear stress, membrane stretch, and arachidonic acid metabolites. TRPV4 contributes to many important physiological processes and dysregulation of its activity is associated with chronic conditions of metabolism, inflammation, peripheral neuropathies, musculoskeletal development, and cardiovascular regulation. Mechanosensory and receptor- or lipid-mediated signaling functions of TRPV4 have historically been attributed to central and peripheral neurons. However, with the development of potent and selective pharmacological tools, transgenic mice and improved molecular and imaging techniques, many new roles for TRPV4 have been revealed in nonneuronal cells. In this chapter, we discuss these recent findings and highlight the need for greater characterization of TRPV4-mediated signaling in nonneuronal cell types that are either directly associated with neurons or indirectly control their excitability through release of sensitizing cellular factors. We address the integral role of these cells in sensory and inflammatory processes as well as their importance when considering undesirable on-target effects that may be caused by systemic delivery of TRPV4-selective pharmaceutical agents for treatment of chronic diseases. In future, this will drive a need for targeted drug delivery strategies to regulate such a diverse and promiscuous protein.
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46
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Grace MS, Bonvini SJ, Belvisi MG, McIntyre P. Modulation of the TRPV4 ion channel as a therapeutic target for disease. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:9-22. [PMID: 28202366 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a broadly expressed, polymodally gated ion channel that plays an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. TRPV4 knockout mice and several synthetic pharmacological compounds that selectively target TRPV4 are now available, which has allowed detailed investigation in to the therapeutic potential of this ion channel. Results from animal studies suggest that TRPV4 antagonism has therapeutic potential in oedema, pain, gastrointestinal disorders, and lung diseases such as cough, bronchoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension, and acute lung injury. A lack of observed side-effects in vivo has prompted a first-in-human trial for a TRPV4 antagonist in healthy participants and stable heart failure patients. If successful, this would open up an exciting new area of research for a multitude of TRPV4-related pathologies. This review will discuss the known roles of TRPV4 in disease, and highlight the possible implications of targeting this important cation channel for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Grace
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Sara J Bonvini
- Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria G Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter McIntyre
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Australia
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47
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Simonsen U, Wandall-Frostholm C, Oliván-Viguera A, Köhler R. Emerging roles of calcium-activated K channels and TRPV4 channels in lung oedema and pulmonary circulatory collapse. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:176-187. [PMID: 27497091 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that the transient receptor potential cation (TRP) channel subfamily V (vanilloid) type 4 (TRPV4) and intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa3.1) channels contribute to endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Here, we summarize very recent evidence for a synergistic interplay of TRPV4 and KCa3.1 channels in lung disease. Among the endothelial Ca2+ -permeable TRPs, TRPV4 is best characterized and produces arterial dilation by stimulating Ca2+ -dependent nitric oxide synthesis and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. Besides these roles, some TRP channels control endothelial/epithelial barrier functions and vascular integrity, while KCa3.1 channels provide the driving force required for Cl- and water transport in some cells and most secretory epithelia. The three conditions, increased pulmonary venous pressure caused by left heart disease, high inflation pressure and chemically induced lung injury, may lead to activation of TRPV4 channels followed by Ca2+ influx leading to activation of KCa3.1 channels in endothelial cells ultimately leading to acute lung injury. We find that a deficiency in KCa3.1 channels protects against TRPV4-induced pulmonary arterial relaxation, fluid extravasation, haemorrhage, pulmonary circulatory collapse and cardiac arrest in vivo. These data identify KCa3.1 channels as crucial molecular components in downstream TRPV4 signal transduction and as a potential target for the prevention of undesired fluid extravasation, vasodilatation and pulmonary circulatory collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology; Aarhus University; Aarhus C Denmark
| | - C. Wandall-Frostholm
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology; Aarhus University; Aarhus C Denmark
| | - A. Oliván-Viguera
- Translational Research Unit; University Hospital Miguel Servet and IACS/IIS; Aragonese Agency for Investigation and Development (ARAID); Zaragoza Spain
| | - R. Köhler
- Translational Research Unit; University Hospital Miguel Servet and IACS/IIS; Aragonese Agency for Investigation and Development (ARAID); Zaragoza Spain
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48
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Wang T, Gross C, Desai AA, Zemskov E, Wu X, Garcia AN, Jacobson JR, Yuan JXJ, Garcia JGN, Black SM. Endothelial cell signaling and ventilator-induced lung injury: molecular mechanisms, genomic analyses, and therapeutic targets. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L452-L476. [PMID: 27979857 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00231.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Paradoxically, mechanical ventilation also creates excessive mechanical stress that directly augments lung injury, a syndrome known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The pathobiology of VILI and ARDS shares many inflammatory features including increases in lung vascular permeability due to loss of endothelial cell barrier integrity resulting in alveolar flooding. While there have been advances in the understanding of certain elements of VILI and ARDS pathobiology, such as defining the importance of lung inflammatory leukocyte infiltration and highly induced cytokine expression, a deep understanding of the initiating and regulatory pathways involved in these inflammatory responses remains poorly understood. Prevailing evidence indicates that loss of endothelial barrier function plays a primary role in the development of VILI and ARDS. Thus this review will focus on the latest knowledge related to 1) the key role of the endothelium in the pathogenesis of VILI; 2) the transcription factors that relay the effects of excessive mechanical stress in the endothelium; 3) the mechanical stress-induced posttranslational modifications that influence key signaling pathways involved in VILI responses in the endothelium; 4) the genetic and epigenetic regulation of key target genes in the endothelium that are involved in VILI responses; and 5) the need for novel therapeutic strategies for VILI that can preserve endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christine Gross
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Evgeny Zemskov
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Alexander N Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona;
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49
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Dalsgaard T, Sonkusare SK, Teuscher C, Poynter ME, Nelson MT. Pharmacological inhibitors of TRPV4 channels reduce cytokine production, restore endothelial function and increase survival in septic mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33841. [PMID: 27653046 PMCID: PMC5031985 DOI: 10.1038/srep33841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized by systemic inflammation, edema formation and hypo-perfusion leading to organ dysfunction and ultimately death. Activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel is associated with edema formation and circulatory collapse. Here, we show that TRPV4 channels are involved in the hyper-inflammatory response and mortality associated with sepsis. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 channels in mice reduced mortality in lipopolysaccharide and cecal-ligation-and-puncture models of sepsis, but not in a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced sepsis model. These protective effects of TRPV4 channel inhibition were attributable to prevention of the sepsis-induced surge of a broad spectrum of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, and subsequent preservation of endothelial cell function, including Ca2+ signaling, integrity and endothelium-dependent vasodilation. These results suggest that TRPV4 antagonists may be of therapeutic utility in the management of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dalsgaard
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Cory Teuscher
- Department of Medicine, Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Matthew E Poynter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Mark T Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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50
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Zuccolo E, Dragoni S, Poletto V, Catarsi P, Guido D, Rappa A, Reforgiato M, Lodola F, Lim D, Rosti V, Guerra G, Moccia F. Arachidonic acid-evoked Ca 2+ signals promote nitric oxide release and proliferation in human endothelial colony forming cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 87:159-171. [PMID: 27634591 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) stimulates endothelial cell (EC) proliferation through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), that, in turn, promotes nitric oxide (NO) release. AA-evoked Ca2+ signals are mainly mediated by Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels. Circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) represent the only established precursors of ECs. In the present study, we, therefore, sought to elucidate whether AA promotes human ECFC (hECFC) proliferation through an increase in [Ca2+]i and the following activation of the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). AA induced a dose-dependent [Ca2+]i raise that was mimicked by its non-metabolizable analogue eicosatetraynoic acid. AA-evoked Ca2+ signals required both intracellular Ca2+ release and external Ca2+ inflow. AA-induced Ca2+ release was mediated by inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum and by two pore channel 1 from the acidic stores of the endolysosomal system. AA-evoked Ca2+ entry was, in turn, mediated by TRPV4, while it did not involve store-operated Ca2+ entry. Moreover, AA caused an increase in NO levels which was blocked by preventing the concomitant increase in [Ca2+]i and by inhibiting eNOS activity with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). Finally, AA per se did not stimulate hECFC growth, but potentiated growth factors-induced hECFC proliferation in a Ca2+- and NO-dependent manner. Therefore, AA-evoked Ca2+ signals emerge as an additional target to prevent cancer vascularisation, which may be sustained by ECFC recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estella Zuccolo
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Dragoni
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, EC1V 9EL London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Poletto
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Catarsi
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Guido
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rappa
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Reforgiato
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Lodola
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Dmitry Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rosti
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, EC1V 9EL London, United Kingdom.
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