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Yoshida S, Eichelberger O, Ulis M, Kreger AM, Gittes GK, Church JT. Intra-Amniotic Sildenafil and Rosiglitazone Late in Gestation Ameliorate the Pulmonary Hypertension Phenotype in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:1515-1525. [PMID: 38350773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension remains difficult to manage in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Prenatal therapy may ameliorate postnatal pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesized that intra-amniotic (IA) injection of either sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, or rosiglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist, or both late in gestation would decrease the detrimental pulmonary vascular remodeling seen in CDH and improve peripheral pulmonary blood flow. METHODS Pregnant rats were gavaged with nitrogen on embryonic day (E) 9.5 to induce fetal CDH. Sildenafil and/or rosiglitazone were administered to each fetus via an intra-amniotic injection after laparotomy on the pregnant dam at E19.5, and fetuses delivered at E21.5. Efficacy measures were gross necropsy, histology, peripheral blood flow assessment using intra-cardiac injection of a vascular tracer after delivery, and protein expression analysis. RESULTS Intra-amniotic injections did not affect fetal survival, the incidence of CDH, or lung weight-to-body weight ratio in CDH fetuses. IA sildenafil injection decreased pulmonary vascular muscularization, and rosiglitazone produced an increase in peripheral pulmonary blood flow distribution. The combination of sildenafil and rosiglitazone decreased pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. These intra-amniotic treatments did not show any negative effects in either CDH fetuses or control fetuses. CONCLUSION IA injection of sildenafil and rosiglitazone late in gestation ameliorates the pulmonary hypertensive phenotype of CDH and may have utility in clinical translation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Yoshida
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224-1334, USA; Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Olivia Eichelberger
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224-1334, USA
| | - Michael Ulis
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224-1334, USA
| | - Alexander M Kreger
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224-1334, USA
| | - George K Gittes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224-1334, USA
| | - Joseph T Church
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224-1334, USA; Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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2
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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Role of transient receptor potential channels in the regulation of vascular tone. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104051. [PMID: 38838960 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Vascular tone is a major element in the control of hemodynamics. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels conducting monovalent and/or divalent cations (e.g. Na+ and Ca2+) are expressed in the vasculature. Accumulating evidence suggests that TRP channels participate in regulating vascular tone by regulating intracellular Ca2+ signaling in both vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). Aberrant expression/function of TRP channels in the vasculature is associated with vascular dysfunction in systemic/pulmonary hypertension and metabolic syndromes. This review intends to summarize our current knowledge of TRP-mediated regulation of vascular tone in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions and to discuss potential therapeutic approaches to tackle abnormal vascular tone due to TRP dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qun Hu
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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3
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Shan X, Gegentuya, Wang J, Feng H, Zhang Z, Zheng Q, Zhang Q, Yang K, Wang J, Xu L. Aloperine protects pulmonary hypertension via triggering PPARγ signaling and inhibiting calcium regulatory pathway in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1058-C1072. [PMID: 37661916 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00286.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the beneficial role of Aloperine (ALO), an active vasodilator purified from the seeds and leaves of the herbal plant Sophora alopecuroides L., on experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH) rat model and primarily cultured rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were used to investigate the mechanisms of ALO on experimental PH, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and excessive proliferation of PASMCs. Results showed that first, ALO significantly prevented the disease development of MCT-PH by inhibiting right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy indexed by the Fulton Index, normalizing the pulmonary arterials (PAs) remodeling and improving the right ventricular function indexed by transthoracic echocardiography. ALO inhibited the excessive proliferation of both PAs and PASMCs. Then, isometric tension measurements showed vasodilation of ALO on precontracted PAs isolated from both control and MCT-PH rats via activating the KCNQ channel, which was blocked by specific KCNQ potassium channel inhibitor linopirdine. Moreover, by using immunofluorescence staining and nuclear/cytosol fractionation, we further observed that ALO significantly enhanced the PPARγ nuclear translocation and activation in PASMCs. Transcriptome analyses also revealed activated PPARγ signaling and suppressed calcium regulatory pathway in lungs from MCT-PH rats treated with ALO. In summary, ALO could attenuate MCT-PH through both transient vasodilation of PAs and chronic activation of PPARγ signaling pathway, which exerted antiproliferative roles on PASMCs and remodeled PAs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aloperine attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (MCT-PH) in rats by inhibiting the pulmonary vascular remodeling and proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In mechanism, Aloperine not only exerts a transient KCNQ-dependent vasodilation in precontracted pulmonary arteries (PAs) from both control and MCT-PH rats but also activates PPARγ nuclear translocation and signaling transduction in PASMCs, which chronically inhibits the calcium regulatory pathway and proliferation of PASMCs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Male
- Rats
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/prevention & control
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/chemically induced
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- KCNQ Potassium Channels/metabolism
- KCNQ Potassium Channels/genetics
- Monocrotaline/toxicity
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Quinolizidines/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Shan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gegentuya
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huazhuo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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4
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Chaabani R, Bejaoui M, Ben Jeddou I, Zaouali MA, Haouas Z, Belgacem S, Peralta C, Ben Abdennebi H. Effect of the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Diclofenac on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Liver: A Nitric Oxide-Dependent Mechanism. Inflammation 2023:10.1007/s10753-023-01802-9. [PMID: 36933163 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inevitable complication of liver surgery and transplantation. The purpose of this study was to examine the beneficial effects of diclofenac on hepatic IRI and the mechanism behind it. Wistar rats' livers were subjected to warm ischemia for 60 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Diclofenac was administered intravenously 15 min before ischemia at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg body weight. To determine the mechanism of diclofenac protection, the NOS inhibitor L-Nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was administered intravenously 10 min after diclofenac injection (40 mg/kg). Liver injury was evaluated by aminotransferases (ALT and AST) activities and histopathological analysis. Oxidative stress parameters (SOD, GPX, MPO, GSH, MDA, and PSH) were also determined. Then, eNOS gene transcription and p-eNOS and iNOS protein expressions were evaluated. The transcription factors PPAR-γ and NF-κB in addition to the regulatory protein IκBα were also investigated. Finally, the gene expression levels of inflammatory (COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, HMGB-1, and TLR-4) and apoptosis (Bcl-2 and Bax) markers were measured. Diclofenac, at the optimal dose of 40 mg/kg, decreased liver injury and maintained histological integrity. It also reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Its mechanism of action essentially depended on eNOS activation rather than COX-2 inhibition, since pre-treatment with L-NAME abolished all the protective effects of diclofenac. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that diclofenac protects rat liver against warm IRI through the induction of NO-dependent pathway. Diclofenac reduced oxidative balance, attenuated the activation of the subsequent pro-inflammatory response and decreased cellular and tissue damage. Therefore, diclofenac could be a promising molecule for the prevention of liver IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Chaabani
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bejaoui
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Ikram Ben Jeddou
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Zaouali
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetics (LR18ES40), Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Belgacem
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Parasitology-Mycology LP3M (LR12ES08), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Carmen Peralta
- Instituto de Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Campus Casanova, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hassen Ben Abdennebi
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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5
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Staruschenko A, Ma R, Palygin O, Dryer SE. Ion channels and channelopathies in glomeruli. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:787-854. [PMID: 36007181 PMCID: PMC9662803 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential step in renal function entails the formation of an ultrafiltrate that is delivered to the renal tubules for subsequent processing. This process, known as glomerular filtration, is controlled by intrinsic regulatory systems and by paracrine, neuronal, and endocrine signals that converge onto glomerular cells. In addition, the characteristics of glomerular fluid flow, such as the glomerular filtration rate and the glomerular filtration fraction, play an important role in determining blood flow to the rest of the kidney. Consequently, disease processes that initially affect glomeruli are the most likely to lead to end-stage kidney failure. The cells that comprise the glomerular filter, especially podocytes and mesangial cells, express many different types of ion channels that regulate intrinsic aspects of cell function and cellular responses to the local environment, such as changes in glomerular capillary pressure. Dysregulation of glomerular ion channels, such as changes in TRPC6, can lead to devastating glomerular diseases, and a number of channels, including TRPC6, TRPC5, and various ionotropic receptors, are promising targets for drug development. This review discusses glomerular structure and glomerular disease processes. It also describes the types of plasma membrane ion channels that have been identified in glomerular cells, the physiological and pathophysiological contexts in which they operate, and the pathways by which they are regulated and dysregulated. The contributions of these channels to glomerular disease processes, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and diabetic nephropathy, as well as the development of drugs that target these channels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Staruschenko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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6
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Zhang K, Tuo Y, Liu R, Yan H, Xiang P, Wang Z, Huang P. The use of untargeted and widely targeted metabolomics to distinguish between asphyxia and sudden cardiac death as the cause of death in rats: A preliminary study. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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7
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He W, Wang Y, Yang R, Ma H, Qin X, Yan M, Rong Y, Xie Y, Li L, Si J, Li X, Ma K. Molecular Mechanism of Naringenin Against High-Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation and Migration Based on Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomic Analyses. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:862709. [PMID: 35754483 PMCID: PMC9219407 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.862709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the protective effects of naringenin (Nar) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have been confirmed, whether it has anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects in high-glucose-induced VSMCs has remained unclear. This study aimed to clarify the potential targets and molecular mechanism of Nar when used to treat high-glucose-induced vasculopathy based on transcriptomics, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo and in vitro assays. We found that Nar has visible anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects both in vitro (high-glucose-induced VSMC proliferation and migration model) and in vivo (type 1 diabetes mouse model). Based on the results of network pharmacology and molecular docking, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (Src) and the kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) are the core targets of Nar when used to treat diabetic angiopathies, according to the degree value and the docking score of the three core genes. Interestingly, not only the Biological Process (BP), Molecular Function (MF), and KEGG enrichment results from network pharmacology analysis but also transcriptomics showed that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) is the most likely downstream pathway involved in the protective effects of Nar on VSMCs. Notably, according to the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the transcriptomic analysis, we found that cAMP-responsive element binding protein 5 (CREB5) is a downstream protein of the PI3K/Akt pathway that participates in VSMCs proliferation and migration. Furthermore, the results of molecular experiments in vitro were consistent with the bioinformatic analysis. Nar significantly inhibited the protein expression of the core targets (VEGFA, Src and KDR) and downregulated the PI3K/Akt/CREB5 pathway. Our results indicated that Nar exerted anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects on high-glucose-induced VSMCs through decreasing expression of the target protein VEGFA, and then downregulating the PI3K/Akt/CREB5 pathway, suggesting its potential for treating diabetic angiopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun He
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Huihui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xuqing Qin
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Meijuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yi Rong
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yufang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Junqiang Si
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Ketao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.,Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
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8
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Jia Z, Yan H, Wang S, Wang L, Cao Y, Lin S, Zhang Z, Wang C, Wang X, Mao J. Shufeiya Recipe Improves Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats by Regulating SIRT3/FOXO3a and Its Downstream Signaling Pathways. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:3229888. [PMID: 35222742 PMCID: PMC8881168 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3229888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and progressive disease caused by obstructions and functional changes of small pulmonary arteries. Current treatment options of PH are costly with patients needing long-term taking medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound "Shufeiya Recipe" was used to intervene in monocrotaline- (MCT-) induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. The rats were randomly divided into the control group, model group, positive drug (Sildenafil) group, and Shufeiya Recipe low-, moderate-, and high-dose groups. The improvement effect of the Shufeiya Recipe on the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was assessed in PH rats, and pathological staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. The impact of the Shufeiya Recipe on oxidative stress damage in rats with pulmonary hypertension and the regulation of SIRT3/FOXO3a and its downstream signaling pathways were determined. The results showed that Shufeiya Recipe could significantly downregulate mPAP and improve lung histopathological changes; downregulate serum levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); upregulate the concentrations of COX-1 and COX-2 and the activity of Mn-SOD; inhibit oxidative response damage; promote the protein expression of SIRT3, FOXO3a, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-eNOS; increase the level of expression of NO, sGC, cGMP, and PKG; and downregulate the level of protein expression of Ras, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and c-fos. These results indicate that Shufeiya Recipe can improve MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats by regulating SIRT3/FOXO3a and its downstream PI3K/AKT/eNOS and Ras/ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haifeng Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yawen Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ci Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
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Wang Y, Li N, Wang Y, Zheng G, An J, Liu C, Wang Y, Liu Q. NF-κB/p65 Competes With Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma for Transient Receptor Potential Channel 6 in Hypoxia-Induced Human Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:656625. [PMID: 34950652 PMCID: PMC8688744 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.656625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has an anti-proliferation effect on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) via the transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) and protects against pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), whereas nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) has pro-proliferation and pro-inflammation effects, which contributes to PAH. However, the association between them in PAH pathology remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate this association and the mechanisms underlying TRPC1/6 signaling-mediated PAH. Methods: Human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) were transfected with p65 overexpressing (pcDNA-p65) and interfering plasmids (shp65) and incubated in normal and hypoxic conditions (4% O2 and 72 h). The effects of hypoxia and p65 expression on cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, [Ca2+]i, PPARγ, and TRPC1/6 expression were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, Annexin V/PI, Fura-2/AM, and western blotting, respectively. In addition, the binding of p65 or PPARγ proteins to the TRPC6 promoter was validated using a dual-luciferase report assay, chromatin-immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR), and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results: Hypoxia inhibited hPASMC apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, it increased [Ca2+]i and the expression of TRPC1/6, p65, and Bcl-2 proteins. Moreover, pcDNA-p65 had similar effects on hypoxia treatment by increasing TRPC1/6 expression, [Ca2+]i, hPASMC proliferation, and invasion. The dual-luciferase report and ChIP-PCR assays revealed three p65 binding sites and two PPARγ binding sites on the promoter region of TRPC6. In addition, hypoxia treatment and shPPARγ promoted the binding of p65 to the TRPC6 promoter, whereas shp65 promoted the binding of PPARγ to the TRPC6 promoter. Conclusion: Competitive binding of NF-κB p65 and PPARγ to TRPC6 produced an anti-PAH effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naijian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yingfeng Wang,
| | - Guobing Zheng
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Academic Research Office, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qicai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Barbeau S, Gilbert G, Cardouat G, Baudrimont I, Freund-Michel V, Guibert C, Marthan R, Vacher P, Quignard JF, Ducret T. Mechanosensitivity in Pulmonary Circulation: Pathophysiological Relevance of Stretch-Activated Channels in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091389. [PMID: 34572602 PMCID: PMC8470538 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of cell types in pulmonary arteries (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells) are continuously exposed to mechanical stimulations such as shear stress and pulsatile blood pressure, which are altered under conditions of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Most functions of such vascular cells (e.g., contraction, migration, proliferation, production of extracellular matrix proteins, etc.) depend on a key event, i.e., the increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) which results from an influx of extracellular Ca2+ and/or a release of intracellular stored Ca2+. Calcium entry from the extracellular space is a major step in the elevation of [Ca2+]i, involving a variety of plasmalemmal Ca2+ channels including the superfamily of stretch-activated channels (SAC). A common characteristic of SAC is that their gating depends on membrane stretch. In general, SAC are non-selective Ca2+-permeable cation channels, including proteins of the TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) and Piezo channel superfamily. As membrane mechano-transducers, SAC convert physical forces into biological signals and hence into a cell response. Consequently, SAC play a major role in pulmonary arterial calcium homeostasis and, thus, appear as potential novel drug targets for a better management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Barbeau
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Gilbert
- ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, University of Brest, EA 4324, F-29238 Brest, France;
| | - Guillaume Cardouat
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Baudrimont
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Véronique Freund-Michel
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Christelle Guibert
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Roger Marthan
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Vacher
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-François Quignard
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Ducret
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France; (S.B.); (G.C.); (I.B.); (V.F.-M.); (C.G.); (R.M.); (P.V.); (J.-F.Q.)
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Correspondence:
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11
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Canonical transient receptor potential channels and their modulators: biology, pharmacology and therapeutic potentials. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:354-377. [PMID: 33763843 PMCID: PMC7989688 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) are nonselective, high calcium permeability cationic channels. The TRPCs family includes TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, and TRPC7. These channels are widely expressed in the cardiovascular and nervous systems and exist in many other human tissues and cell types, playing several crucial roles in the human physiological and pathological processes. Hence, the emergence of TRPCs modulators can help investigate these channels’ applications in health and disease. It is worth noting that the TRPCs subfamilies have structural and functional similarities, which presents a significant difficulty in screening and discovering of TRPCs modulators. In the past few years, only a limited number of selective modulators of TRPCs were detected; thus, additional research on more potent and more selective TRPCs modulators is needed. The present review focuses on the striking desired therapeutic effects of TRPCs modulators, which provides intel on the structural modification of TRPCs modulators and further pharmacological research. Importantly, TRPCs modulators can significantly facilitate future studies of TRPCs and TRPCs related diseases.
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12
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Li ZK, Gao LF, Zhu XA, Xiang DK. LncRNA HOXA-AS3 Promotes the Progression of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension through Mediation of miR-675-3p/PDE5A Axis. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1158-1172. [PMID: 33687636 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) seriously threatens the elder people. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple diseases. However, the study of the lncRNAs in the occurrence of PAH is just beginning. For this, we sought to explore the biological function of lncRNA HOXA cluster antisense RNA 3 (HOXA-AS3) in PAH. Hypoxia (HYP) was used to mimic in vitro model of PAH. Gene and protein expressions in cells were detected by q-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, cell proliferation and viability were tested by CCK-8 and MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Wound healing was used to detect cell migration. Furthermore, the connection of HOXA-AS3, miR-675-3p, and phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) was verified by dual-luciferase report assay. HOXA-AS3 and PDE5A were upregulated in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) in the presence of HYP, while miR-675-3p was downregulated. Moreover, knockdown of HOXA-AS3 suppressed the growth and migration of HPASMCs, but induced the apoptosis. Overexpression of miR-675-3p achieved the same effect. MiR-675-3p inhibitor or overexpression of PDE5A notably reversed the inhibitory effect of HOXA-AS3 knockdown on PAH. Finally, HOXA-AS3 could sponge miR-675-3p, and PDE5A was directly targeted by miR-675-3p. HOXA-AS3 increased the development of PAH via regulation of miR-675-3p/PDE5 axis, which could be the potential biomarker for treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Kui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Fang Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-An Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Kang Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No.83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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TRPC and TRPV Channels' Role in Vascular Remodeling and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176125. [PMID: 32854408 PMCID: PMC7503586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potentials (TRPs) are non-selective cation channels that are widely expressed in vascular beds. They contribute to the Ca2+ influx evoked by a wide spectrum of chemical and physical stimuli, both in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Within the superfamily of TRP channels, different isoforms of TRPC (canonical) and TRPV (vanilloid) have emerged as important regulators of vascular tone and blood flow pressure. Additionally, several lines of evidence derived from animal models, and even from human subjects, highlighted the role of TRPC and TRPV in vascular remodeling and disease. Dysregulation in the function and/or expression of TRPC and TRPV isoforms likely regulates vascular smooth muscle cells switching from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. This process contributes to the development and progression of vascular disorders, such as systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and restenosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the implication of TRPC and TRPV in the physiological and pathological processes of some frequent vascular diseases.
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14
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PPARγ is a gatekeeper for extracellular matrix and vascular cell homeostasis: beneficial role in pulmonary hypertension and renal/cardiac/pulmonary fibrosis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2020; 29:171-179. [PMID: 31815758 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (PAEC) dysfunction and apoptosis, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation, inflammation, vasoconstriction, and metabolic disturbances that include disrupted bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR2)-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) axis and DNA damage. Activation of PPARγ improves many of these mechanisms, although erroneous reports on potential adverse effects of thiazolidinedione (TZD)-class PPARγ agonists reduced their clinical use in the past decade. Here, we review recent findings in heart, lung, and kidney research related to the pathobiology of vascular remodeling and tissue fibrosis, and also potential therapeutic effects of the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone. RECENT FINDINGS Independent of its metabolic effects (improved insulin sensitivity and fatty acid handling), PPARγ activation rescues BMPR2 dysfunction, inhibits TGFβ/Smad3/CTGF and TGFβ/pSTAT3/pFoxO1 pathways, and induces the PPARγ/apoE axis, inhibiting vascular remodeling. PPARγ activation dampens mtDNA damage via PPARγ/UBR5/ATM pathway, improves function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and decrease renal fibrosis by repressing TGFβ/pSTAT3 and TGFβ/EGR1. SUMMARY Pharmacological PPARγ activation improves many hallmarks of PAH, including dysfunction of BMPR2-PPARγ axis, PAEC, PASMC, EPC, mitochondria/metabolism, and inflammation. Recent randomized controlled trials, including IRIS (Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke Trial), emphasize the beneficial effects of PPARγ agonists in PAH patients, leading to recent revival for clinical use.
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15
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Chen Y, Lu W, Yang K, Duan X, Li M, Chen X, Zhang J, Kuang M, Liu S, Wu X, Zou G, Liu C, Hong C, He W, Liao J, Hou C, Zhang Z, Zheng Q, Chen J, Zhang N, Tang H, Vanderpool RR, Desai AA, Rischard F, Black SM, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ, Zhong N, Wang J. Tetramethylpyrazine: A promising drug for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2743-2764. [PMID: 31976548 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was originally isolated from the traditional Chinese herb ligusticum and the fermented Japanese food natto and has since been synthesized. TMP has a long history of beneficial effects in the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. Here we have evaluated the therapeutic effects of TMP on pulmonary hypertension (PH) in animal models and in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Three well-defined models of PH -chronic hypoxia (10% O2 )-induced PH (HPH), monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH) and Sugen 5416/hypoxia-induced PH (SuHx-PH) - were used in Sprague-Dawley rats, and assessed by echocardiography, along with haemodynamic and histological techniques. Primary cultures of rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were used to study intracellular calcium levels. Western blots and RT-qPCR assays were also used. In the clinical cohort, patients with PAH or CTEPH were recruited. The effects of TMP were evaluated in all systems. KEY RESULTS TMP (100 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) prevented rats from developing experimental PH and ameliorated three models of established PH: HPH, MCT-PH and SuHx-PH. The therapeutic effects of TMP were accompanied by inhibition of intracellular calcium homeostasis in PASMCs. In a small cohort of patients with PAH or CTEPH, oral administration of TMP (100 mg, t.i.d. for 16 weeks) increased the 6-min walk distance and improved the 1-min heart rate recovery. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results suggest that TMP is a novel and inexpensive medication for treatment of PH. Clinical trial is registered with www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR-IPR-14005379).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meidan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guofa Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Hou
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nuofu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Rebecca R Vanderpool
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Franz Rischard
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, China.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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16
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Hansmann G, Calvier L, Risbano MG, Chan SY. Activation of the Metabolic Master Regulator PPARγ: A Potential PIOneering Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:143-156. [PMID: 31577451 PMCID: PMC6993553 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0226ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational research is essential to the development of reverse-remodeling strategies for the treatment of pulmonary vascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure via mechanistic in vivo studies using animal models resembling human pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), cardiovascular remodeling, and progressive right heart failure. Since 2007, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists have emerged as promising novel, antiproliferative, antiinflammatory, insulin-sensitizing, efficient medications for the treatment of PAH. However, early diabetes study results, their subsequent misinterpretations, errors in published review articles, and rumors regarding potential adverse effects in the literature have dampened enthusiasm for considering pharmacological PPARγ activation for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, including PAH. Most recently, the thiazolidinedione class PPARγ agonist pioglitazone underwent a clinical revival, especially based on the IRIS (Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke) study, a randomized controlled trial in 3,876 patients without diabetes status post-transient ischemic attack/ischemic stroke who were clinically followed for 4.8 years. We discuss preclinical basic translational findings and randomized controlled trials related to the beneficial and adverse effects of PPARγ agonists of the thiazolidinedione class, with a particular focus on the last 5 years. The objective is a data-driven approach to set the preclinical and clinical study record straight. The convincing recent clinical trial data on the lack of significant toxicity in high-risk populations justify the timely conduct of clinical studies to achieve "repurposing" or "repositioning" of pioglitazone for the treatment of clinical PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Hansmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Laurent Calvier
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Michael G. Risbano
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, and
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, and
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Wang H, Cheng X, Tian J, Xiao Y, Tian T, Xu F, Hong X, Zhu MX. TRPC channels: Structure, function, regulation and recent advances in small molecular probes. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107497. [PMID: 32004513 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels constitute a group of receptor-operated calcium-permeable nonselective cation channels of the TRP superfamily. The seven mammalian TRPC members, which can be further divided into four subgroups (TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC4/5, and TRPC3/6/7) based on their amino acid sequences and functional similarities, contribute to a broad spectrum of cellular functions and physiological roles. Studies have revealed complexity of their regulation involving several components of the phospholipase C pathway, Gi and Go proteins, and internal Ca2+ stores. Recent advances in cryogenic electron microscopy have provided several high-resolution structures of TRPC channels. Growing evidence demonstrates the involvement of TRPC channels in diseases, particularly the link between genetic mutations of TRPC6 and familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Because TRPCs were discovered by the molecular identity first, their pharmacology had lagged behind. This is rapidly changing in recent years owning to great efforts from both academia and industry. A number of potent tool compounds from both synthetic and natural products that selective target different subtypes of TRPC channels have been discovered, including some preclinical drug candidates. This review will cover recent advancements in the understanding of TRPC channel regulation, structure, and discovery of novel TRPC small molecular probes over the past few years, with the goal of facilitating drug discovery for the study of TRPCs and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Xiaoding Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jinbin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Innovation Center for Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization and Quality Control, Medical College, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Fuchun Xu
- Innovation Center for Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization and Quality Control, Medical College, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; Innovation Center for Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization and Quality Control, Medical College, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Legchenko E, Chouvarine P, Borchert P, Fernandez-Gonzalez A, Snay E, Meier M, Maegel L, Mitsialis SA, Rog-Zielinska EA, Kourembanas S, Jonigk D, Hansmann G. PPARγ agonist pioglitazone reverses pulmonary hypertension and prevents right heart failure via fatty acid oxidation. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/438/eaao0303. [PMID: 29695452 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aao0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Right ventricular (RV) heart failure is the leading cause of death in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) acts as a vasoprotective metabolic regulator in smooth muscle and endothelial cells; however, its role in the heart is unclear. We report that deletion of PPARγ in cardiomyocytes leads to biventricular systolic dysfunction and intramyocellular lipid accumulation in mice. In the SU5416/hypoxia (SuHx) rat model, oral treatment with the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone completely reverses severe PAH and vascular remodeling and prevents RV failure. Failing RV cardiomyocytes exhibited mitochondrial disarray and increased intramyocellular lipids (lipotoxicity) in the SuHx heart, which was prevented by pioglitazone. Unbiased ventricular microRNA (miRNA) arrays, mRNA sequencing, and lipid metabolism studies revealed dysregulation of cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, myocardial contractility, fatty acid transport/oxidation (FAO), and transforming growth factor-β signaling in the failing RV. These epigenetic, transcriptional, and metabolic alterations were modulated by pioglitazone through miRNA/mRNA networks previously not associated with PAH/RV dysfunction. Consistently, pre-miR-197 and pre-miR-146b repressed genes that drive FAO (Cpt1b and Fabp4) in primary cardiomyocytes. We recapitulated our major pathogenic findings in human end-stage PAH: (i) in the pressure-overloaded failing RV (miR-197 and miR-146b up-regulated), (ii) in peripheral pulmonary arteries (miR-146b up-regulated, miR-133b down-regulated), and (iii) in plexiform vasculopathy (miR-133b up-regulated, miR-146b down-regulated). Together, PPARγ activation can normalize epigenetic and transcriptional regulation primarily related to disturbed lipid metabolism and mitochondrial morphology/function in the failing RV and the hypertensive pulmonary vasculature, representing a therapeutic approach for PAH and other cardiovascular/pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Legchenko
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Pulmonary Vascular Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philippe Chouvarine
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Pulmonary Vascular Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul Borchert
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Pulmonary Vascular Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Angeles Fernandez-Gonzalez
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erin Snay
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Martin Meier
- Small Animal Imaging Center, Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lavinia Maegel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,The German Center for Lung Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - S Alex Mitsialis
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eva A Rog-Zielinska
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stella Kourembanas
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,The German Center for Lung Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Georg Hansmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Pulmonary Vascular Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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19
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Two Birds with One Stone: Regular Use of PDE5 Inhibitors for Treating Male Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2019; 33:119-128. [PMID: 30675707 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-019-06851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently have erectile dysfunction (ED) because the two conditions have similar risk factors and potential mechanisms. The therapeutic effect of CVD is strongly dependent upon long-term management of the condition. Patients with CVD tend to have poor medication compliance, and the coexistence of ED often discourages patients with CVD from continuing their long-term CVD management, thus worsening CVD treatment compliance. The two major reasons for poor compliance are that (i) the adverse effects of cardiovascular medications on erectile function drive people to reduce the prescribed dosage or even stop taking the medications to obtain satisfactory sexual arousal and (ii) a worsening mental state due to ED reduces medication compliance. The regular administration of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5is) guarantees that the prescribed medication dosages are easy to comply with and that they improve the mental status of patients by enhancing their erectile function, resulting in improved long-term management of CVD through medication compliance. PDE5is themselves also play a role in reducing cardiovascular events and improving the prognosis. We recommend prescribing PDE5is for ED and suggest that PDE5i administration is a promising strategy to improve the long-term management of patients with both ED and CVD.
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20
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Sun Z, Liu Y, Yu F, Xu Y, Yanli L, Liu N. Long non-coding RNA and mRNA profile analysis of metformin to reverse the pulmonary hypertension vascular remodeling induced by monocrotaline. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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21
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Wolfrum C, Kiehlmann E, Pelczar P. TRPC1 regulates brown adipose tissue activity in a PPARγ-dependent manner. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E825-E832. [PMID: 29989850 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00170.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has the unique ability to convert energy stored in the form of triglycerides into heat. This property makes BAT a target tissue to increase energy expenditure and improve systemic metabolic control. TRPC1 is a founding member of the TRP protein family that also includes several temperature sensitive channels. We show that TRPC1 is highly expressed in all adipocyte depots including BAT and that Trpc1-deficient mice are prone to weight gain and manifest reduced metabolic control. We also demonstrate that knockdown of TRPC1 in cultured brown adipocytes leads to a downregulation of several metabolic genes, including UCP1 and PPARγ, as well as upregulation of a BAT-specific thermosensitive channel TRPV2, ultimately resulting in impaired respiratory function. We also show that TRPC1 is a possible target of PPARγ, suggesting that TRPC1 is a downstream component of a mechanism that translates metabolic or environmental stimuli into output in the form of BAT activity. Better understanding of the possible role of TRPC1 and other TRP channels in body temperature regulation and BAT function may help us to develop obesity therapies based on BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wolfrum
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Elke Kiehlmann
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
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22
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Estradiol attenuates ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury through PPAR-γ stimulated eNOS activation in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 453:1-9. [PMID: 30194582 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the involvement of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway in estradiol mediated protection against ischemia reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. To induce AKI, rats underwent 40 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. I/R-induced kidney damage was quantified by measuring serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, urea nitrogen, uric acid, potassium, fractional excretion of sodium, microproteinuria, and renal oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation, and reduced glutathione). Hematoxylin eosin stain demonstrated renal histology, while renal expression of apoptotic markers (Bcl-2, Bax), PPAR-γ and eNOS were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Estradiol (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 30 min before I/R in rats. In separate groups, PPAR-γ antagonist, BADGE (30 mg/kg, i.p.), and NOS inhibitor, L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered prior to estradiol treatment, which was followed by I/R in rats. I/R caused significant renal damage as demonstrated by biochemical (serum/urine), renal oxidative stress and histological changes alongwith increased expression of Bax and decreased levels of Bcl-2, PPAR-γ and eNOS, which were prevented by estradiol. Pre-treatment with BADGE and L-NAME abolished estradiol mediated renoprotection. Notably, I/R + estradiol + BADGE group revealed decreased expression of PPAR-γ and eNOS in renal tissues. In I/R + estradiol + L-NAME group, eNOS expression was reduced while PPAR-γ levels remained unchanged. These results suggest that estradiol modulates PPAR-γ which consequently regulates eNOS expression in rat kidneys. We conclude that estradiol protects against I/R-induced AKI through PPAR-γ stimulated eNOS activation in rats.
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23
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Yang K, Zhao M, Huang J, Zhang C, Zheng Q, Chen Y, Jiang H, Lu W, Wang J. Pharmacological activation of PPARγ inhibits hypoxia-induced proliferation through a caveolin-1-targeted and -dependent mechanism in PASMCs. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 314:C428-C438. [PMID: 29351409 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00143.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we and others have demonstrated that activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) by specific pharmacological agonists inhibits the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) by suppressing the proliferation and migration in distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Moreover, these beneficial effects of PPARγ are mediated by targeting the intracellular calcium homeostasis and store-operated calcium channel (SOCC) proteins, including the main caveolae component caveolin-1. However, other than the caveolin-1 targeted mechanism, in this study, we further uncovered a caveolin-1 dependent mechanism within the activation of PPARγ by the specific agonist GW1929. First, effective knockdown of caveolin-1 by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) markedly abolished the upregulation of GW1929 on PPARγ expression at both mRNA and protein levels; Then, in HEK293T, which has previously been reported with low endogenous caveolin-1 expression, exogenous expression of caveolin-1 significantly enhanced the upregulation of GW1929 on PPARγ expression compared with nontransfection control. In addition, inhibition of PPARγ by either siRNA or pharmacological inhibitor T0070907 led to increased phosphorylation of cellular mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 and p38. In parallel, GW1929 dramatically decreased the expression of the proliferative regulators (cyclin D1 and PCNA), whereas it increased the apoptotic factors (p21, p53, and mdm2) in hypoxic PASMCs. Furthermore, these effects of GW1929 could be partially reversed by recovery of the drug treatment. In combination, PPARγ activation by GW1929 reversibly drove the cell toward an antiproliferative and proapoptotic phenotype in a caveolin-1-dependent and -targeted mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Junyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
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24
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Ke R, Xie X, Li S, Pan Y, Wang J, Yan X, Zang W, Gao L, Li M. 5-HT induces PPAR γ reduction and proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via modulating GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72910-72920. [PMID: 29069835 PMCID: PMC5641178 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ) is down-regulated in pulmonary vascular lesions of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and animal models of PH. Yet, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying this alteration are not fully defined; the aim of this study is to address this issue. 5-HT dose- and time-dependently reduced PPAR γ expression and promoted pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation; this was accompanied with the phosphorylation of Akt, inactivation of GSK-3β and up-regulation of β-catenin. Importantly, pre-treatment of cells with PI3K inhibitor (Ly294002) or prior silencing of β-catenin with siRNA blocked 5-HT-induced PPAR γ reduction and PASMCs proliferation. In addition, inactivation or lack of GSK-3β or inhibition of proteasome function up-regulated β-catenin protein without affecting its mRNA level and reduced PPAR γ protein expression. Taken together, our study indicates that 5-HT suppresses PPAR γ expression and stimulates PASMCs proliferation by modulating GSK-3β/β-catenin axis, and suggests that targeting this pathway might have potential value in the management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ke
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yilin Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Li Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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25
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Li S, Pan Y, Ke R, Xie X, Zhai C, Shi W, Wang J, Yan X, Chai L, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Su X, Yang L, Gao L, Li M. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 suppresses calcineurin/NFAT- mediated TRPC6 expression in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6088. [PMID: 28729555 PMCID: PMC5519690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The up-regulation of transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) has been found to contribute to the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) has been shown to suppress TRPC6 expression in PASMCs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the up-regulation of TRPC6 expression and PDE5 modulation of TRPC6 expression in PASMCs remain largely unclear. The aim of this study is to address these issues. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) dose and time-dependently up-regulated TRPC6 expression in primary cultured rat PASMCs, and this was accompanied with the activation of calcineurin and subsequent translocation of NFATc4 to the nucleus. Further study indicated that inhibition of calcineurin by cyclosporine A or knockdown of NFATc4 using small interfering RNA suppressed ET-1-induced TRPC6 up-regulation. In addition, luciferase reporter assay showed that NFATc4 directly regulated the expression of TRPC6 in PASMCs. Inhibition of PDE5 by sildenafil suppressed ET-1-induced activation of calcineurin/NFATc4 signaling pathway and consequent TRPC6 up-regulation in PASMCs, while these inhibitory effects of sildenafil were abolished by PKG inhibitor Rp-8Br-cGMPs. Taken together, our study indicates that ET-1 stimulates TRPC6 expression by activation of calcineurin/NFATc4 signaling pathway, and inhibition of PDE5 suppresses calcineurin/NFATc4- mediated TRPC6 expression in PASMCs in a cGMP-PKG-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ke
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Cui Zhai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Limin Chai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China.
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26
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Malczyk M, Erb A, Veith C, Ghofrani HA, Schermuly RT, Gudermann T, Dietrich A, Weissmann N, Sydykov A. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential Channel 6 Channels in the Pulmonary Vasculature. Front Immunol 2017; 8:707. [PMID: 28670316 PMCID: PMC5472666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical or classical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) is a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel that is widely expressed in the heart, lung, and vascular tissues. The use of TRPC6-deficient (“knockout”) mice has provided important insights into the role of TRPC6 in normal physiology and disease states of the pulmonary vasculature. Evidence indicates that TRPC6 is a key regulator of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Moreover, several studies implicated TRPC6 in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Furthermore, a unique genetic variation in the TRPC6 gene promoter has been identified, which might link the inflammatory response to the upregulation of TRPC6 expression and ultimate development of pulmonary vascular abnormalities in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Additionally, TRPC6 is critically involved in the regulation of pulmonary vascular permeability and lung edema formation during endotoxin or ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. In this review, we will summarize latest findings on the role of TRPC6 in the pulmonary vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Malczyk
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Erb
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Veith
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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27
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Du Y, Fu J, Yao L, Qiao L, Liu N, Xing Y, Xue X. Altered expression of PPAR‑γ and TRPC in neonatal rats with persistent pulmonary hypertension. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627661 PMCID: PMC5562061 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a life-threatening disease that is commonly observed in the neonatal intensive care unit. PPHN is pathologically characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and, in particular, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation. Decreased expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), which is a member of the nuclear receptor hormone superfamily, in combination with elevated expressions of transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1 (TRPC1) and TRPC6 contributes to the PASMC proliferation and excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling in adult pulmonary hypertension (PH). Whether PPAR-γ, TRPC1 and TRPC6 affect the development of vascular remodeling in PPHN model rats remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of PPAR-γ, TRPC1 and TRP6 on the pathogenesis of PPHN in rats. The rat model of PPHN was established by exposure to hypoxic conditions and indomethacin treatment. Lung tissues, hearts and blood from PPHN model and Control rats were collected and examined. Parameters, including the percentage of medial wall thickness (WT %), the percentage of medial wall area (WA %), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and the plasma concentration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were used to estimate the development of PPHN. The expression levels of PPAR-γ, TRPC1 and TRPC6 in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Significant increases were observed in the WT %, WA %, RVH and plasma BNP in the PPHN group compare with the Control group (P<0.01). In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPAR-γ were markedly downregulated (P<0.05 vs. Control). In the PPHN group, the protein expression levels of TRPC1 and TRPC6 were higher compared to the control group; however, there was no difference in the mRNA expression levels (P>0.05). In conclusion, the present study successfully established a PPHN rat model, and the altered expressions of PPAR-γ, TRPC1 and TRPC6 in the pulmonary artery located in the lungs of newborn rats with PPHN suggested that these proteins may be important mediators of PPHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Lin Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yujiao Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Maher P, van Leyen K, Dey PN, Honrath B, Dolga A, Methner A. The role of Ca 2+ in cell death caused by oxidative glutamate toxicity and ferroptosis. Cell Calcium 2017; 70:47-55. [PMID: 28545724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a fundamental role in cell death mediated by oxidative glutamate toxicity or oxytosis, a form of programmed cell death similar and possibly identical to other forms of cell death like ferroptosis. Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space occurs late in a cascade characterized by depletion of the intracellular antioxidant glutathione, increases in cytosolic reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we aim to compare oxidative glutamate toxicity with ferroptosis, address the signaling pathways that culminate in Ca2+ influx and cell death and discuss the proteins that mediate this. Recent evidence hints toward a role of the machinery responsible for store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which refills the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after receptor-mediated ER Ca2+ release or other forms of store depletion. Pharmacological inhibition of SOCE or transcriptional downregulation of proteins involved in SOCE like the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1, the plasma membrane Ca2+ channels Orai1 and TRPC1 and the linking protein Homer protects against oxidative glutamate toxicity and direct oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) injury, a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. This suggests that SOCE inhibition might have some potential therapeutic effects in human disease associated with oxidative stress like neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Partha Narayan Dey
- University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Birgit Honrath
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amalia Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Axel Methner
- University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, Mainz, Germany.
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Calvier L, Chouvarine P, Legchenko E, Hoffmann N, Geldner J, Borchert P, Jonigk D, Mozes MM, Hansmann G. PPARγ Links BMP2 and TGFβ1 Pathways in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Regulating Cell Proliferation and Glucose Metabolism. Cell Metab 2017; 25:1118-1134.e7. [PMID: 28467929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BMP2 and TGFβ1 are functional antagonists of pathological remodeling in the arteries, heart, and lung; however, the mechanisms in VSMCs, and their disturbance in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), are unclear. We found a pro-proliferative TGFβ1-Stat3-FoxO1 axis in VSMCs, and PPARγ as inhibitory regulator of TGFβ1-Stat3-FoxO1 and TGFβ1-Smad3/4, by physically interacting with Stat3 and Smad3. TGFβ1 induces fibrosis-related genes and miR-130a/301b, suppressing PPARγ. Conversely, PPARγ inhibits TGFβ1-induced mitochondrial activation and VSMC proliferation, and regulates two glucose metabolism-related enzymes, platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFKP, a PPARγ target, via miR-331-5p) and protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3G (PPP1R3G, a Smad3 target). PPARγ knockdown/deletion in VSMCs activates TGFβ1 signaling. The PPARγ agonist pioglitazone reverses PAH and inhibits the TGFβ1-Stat3-FoxO1 axis in TGFβ1-overexpressing mice. We identified PPARγ as a missing link between BMP2 and TGFβ1 pathways in VSMCs. PPARγ activation can be beneficial in TGFβ1-associated diseases, such as PAH, parenchymal lung diseases, and Marfan's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Calvier
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Philippe Chouvarine
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Legchenko
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Nadine Hoffmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Jonas Geldner
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Paul Borchert
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Miklos M Mozes
- Department of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1089, Hungary
| | - Georg Hansmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany.
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Sonneveld R, Hoenderop JG, Isidori AM, Henique C, Dijkman HB, Berden JH, Tharaux PL, van der Vlag J, Nijenhuis T. Sildenafil Prevents Podocyte Injury via PPAR- γ-Mediated TRPC6 Inhibition. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:1491-1505. [PMID: 27895156 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015080885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channel C6 (TRPC6) gain-of-function mutations and increased TRPC6 expression in podocytes induce glomerular injury and proteinuria. Sildenafil reduces TRPC6 expression and activity in nonrenal cell types, although the mechanism is unknown. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) is a downstream target of sildenafil in the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-activated protein kinase G (PKG) axis. PPAR-γ agonists, like pioglitazone, appear antiproteinuric. We hypothesized that sildenafil inhibits TRPC6 expression in podocytes through PPAR-γ-dependent mechanisms, thereby counteracting podocyte injury and proteinuria. Treatment with sildenafil, the cGMP derivative 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (8-Br-cGMP), or pioglitazone dose-dependently downregulated podocyte injury-induced TRPC6 expression in vitro Knockdown or application of antagonists of PKG or PPAR-γ enhanced TRPC6 expression in podocytes and counteracted effects of sildenafil and 8-Br-cGMP. We observed similar effects on TRPC6 promoter activity and TRPC6-dependent calcium influx. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed PPAR-γ binding to the TRPC6 promoter. Sildenafil or pioglitazone treatment prevented proteinuria and the increased TRPC6 expression in rats with adriamycin-induced nephropathy and mice with hyperglycemia-induced renal injury. Rats receiving PPAR-γ antagonists displayed proteinuria and increased podocyte TRPC6 expression, as did podocyte-specific PPAR-γ knockout mice, which were more sensitive to adriamycin and not protected by sildenafil. Thus, sildenafil ameliorates podocyte injury and prevents proteinuria through cGMP- and PKG-dependent binding of PPAR-γ to the TRPC6 promoter, which inhibits TRPC6 promoter activity, expression, and activity. Because sildenafil is approved for clinical use, our results suggest that additional clinical study of its antiproteinuric effect in glomerular disease is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carole Henique
- Paris Cardiovascular Centre, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; and
| | - Henry B Dijkman
- Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular Centre, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; and.,Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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31
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Suzuki T, Saiki Y, Horii A, Fukushige S, Kawamoto S, Adachi O, Akiyama M, Ito K, Masaki N, Saiki Y. Atrial natriuretic peptide induces peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ during cardiac ischemia–reperfusion in swine heart. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 65:85-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s11748-016-0704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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32
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Murphy TV, Kanagarajah A, Toemoe S, Bertrand PP, Grayson TH, Britton FC, Leader L, Senadheera S, Sandow SL. TRPV3 expression and vasodilator function in isolated uterine radial arteries from non-pregnant and pregnant rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 83:66-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Jiang Q, Lu W, Yang K, Hadadi C, Fu X, Chen Y, Yun X, Zhang J, Li M, Xu L, Tang H, Yuan JXJ, Wang J, Sun D. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate inhibits hypoxia-induced enhancement of SOCE in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via the PKG-PPAR-γ signaling axis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C136-49. [PMID: 27194472 PMCID: PMC4967135 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00252.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory previously showed that sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) inhibited store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) through store-operated Ca(2+) channels (SOCC) via downregulating the expression of transient receptor potential canonical proteins (TRPC), which contribute to the formation of SOCC (Wang J, Jiang Q, Wan L, Yang K, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang E, Lai N, Zhao L, Jiang H, Sun Y, Zhong N, Ran P, Lu W. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 48: 125-134, 2013). The detailed molecular mechanisms by which STS inhibits SOCE and downregulates TRPC, however, remain largely unknown. We have previously shown that, under hypoxic conditions, inhibition of protein kinase G (PKG) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) signaling axis results in the upregulation of TRPC (Wang J, Yang K, Xu L, Zhang Y, Lai N, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Zhong N, Ran P, Lu W. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 49: 231-240, 2013). This suggests that strategies targeting the restoration of this signaling pathway may be an effective treatment strategy for pulmonary hypertension. In this study, our results demonstrated that STS treatment can effectively prevent the hypoxia-mediated inhibition of the PKG-PPAR-γ signaling axis in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and distal pulmonary arteries. These effects of STS treatment were blocked by pharmacological inhibition or specific small interfering RNA knockdown of either PKG or PPAR-γ. Moreover, targeted PPAR-γ agonist markedly enhanced the beneficial effects of STS. These results comprehensively suggest that STS treatment can prevent hypoxia-mediated increases in intracellular calcium homeostasis and cell proliferation, by targeting and restoring the hypoxia-inhibited PKG-PPAR-γ signaling pathway in PASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cyrus Hadadi
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meichan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China; and
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China;
| | - Dejun Sun
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Yang K, Lu W, Jiang Q, Yun X, Zhao M, Jiang H, Wang J. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ-Mediated Inhibition on Hypoxia-Triggered Store-Operated Calcium Entry. A Caveolin-1-Dependent Mechanism. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 53:882-92. [PMID: 26020612 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0002oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous publication demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) inhibits the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension by targeting store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In this study, we aim to determine the role of a membrane scaffolding protein, caveolin-1, during the suppressive process of PPARγ on SOCE. Adult (6-8 weeks) male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were exposed to CH (10% O2) for 21 days to establish CH-induced pulmonary hypertension. Primary cultured rat distal PASMCs were applied for the molecular biological experiments. First, hypoxic exposure led to 2.5-fold and 1-fold increases of caveolin-1 protein expression in the distal pulmonary arteries and PASMCs, respectively. Second, effective knockdown of caveolin-1 significantly reduced hypoxia-induced SOCE for 58.2% and 41.5%, measured by Mn(2+) quenching and extracellular Ca(2+) restoration experiments, respectively. These results suggested that caveolin-1 acts as a crucial regulator of SOCE, and hypoxia-up-regulated caveolin-1 largely accounts for hypoxia-elevated SOCE in PASMCs. Then, by using a high-potency PPARγ agonist, GW1929, we detected that PPARγ activation inhibited SOCE and caveolin-1 protein for 62.5% and 59.8% under hypoxia, respectively, suggesting that caveolin-1 also acts as a key target during the suppressive process of PPARγ on SOCE in PASMCs. Moreover, by using effective small interfering RNAs against PPARγ and caveolin-1, and PPARγ antagonist, T0070907, we observed that PPARγ plays an inhibitory role on caveolin-1 protein by promoting its lysosomal degradation, without affecting the messenger RNA level. PPARγ inhibits SOCE, at least partially, by suppressing cellular caveolin-1 protein in PASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Wenju Lu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Qian Jiang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Xin Yun
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Mingming Zhao
- 3 Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Jian Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,4 Division of Pulmonary, the People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Abstract
The circulation of the lung is unique both in volume and function. For example, it is the only organ with two circulations: the pulmonary circulation, the main function of which is gas exchange, and the bronchial circulation, a systemic vascular supply that provides oxygenated blood to the walls of the conducting airways, pulmonary arteries and veins. The pulmonary circulation accommodates the entire cardiac output, maintaining high blood flow at low intravascular arterial pressure. As compared with the systemic circulation, pulmonary arteries have thinner walls with much less vascular smooth muscle and a relative lack of basal tone. Factors controlling pulmonary blood flow include vascular structure, gravity, mechanical effects of breathing, and the influence of neural and humoral factors. Pulmonary vascular tone is also altered by hypoxia, which causes pulmonary vasoconstriction. If the hypoxic stimulus persists for a prolonged period, contraction is accompanied by remodeling of the vasculature, resulting in pulmonary hypertension. In addition, genetic and environmental factors can also confer susceptibility to development of pulmonary hypertension. Under normal conditions, the endothelium forms a tight barrier, actively regulating interstitial fluid homeostasis. Infection and inflammation compromise normal barrier homeostasis, resulting in increased permeability and edema formation. This article focuses on reviewing the basics of the lung circulation (pulmonary and bronchial), normal development and transition at birth and vasoregulation. Mechanisms contributing to pathological conditions in the pulmonary circulation, in particular when barrier function is disrupted and during development of pulmonary hypertension, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Larissa A. Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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36
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Wang Q, Wang D, Yan G, Sun L, Tang C. TRPC6 is required for hypoxia-induced basal intracellular calcium concentration elevation, and for the proliferation and migration of rat distal pulmonary venous smooth muscle cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1577-85. [PMID: 26718737 PMCID: PMC4732854 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia induces pulmonary vasoconstriction and reconstruction in the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins (PVs), and elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a primary factor of these processes. In the present study, the role of transient receptor potential cation channels (TRPCs) in mediating the hypoxia-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i in rat distal pulmonary venous smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs) was investigated. Rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) were used for in vivo experiments, and PVSMCs were isolated for in vitro experiments. [Ca2+]i was measured using fura-2-based fluorescence calcium imaging. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPCs. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and Transwell assays were used to investigate the proliferation and migration of PVSMCs, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that TRPC6 was increased in the distal PVs of CHPH rats, and in PVSMCs exposed to hypoxic conditions (4% O2, 72 h); however, TRPC1 was not. The 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-induced [Ca2+]i elevation was increased in PVSMCs isolated from CHPH rats and in PVSMCs cultured under hypoxic conditions (4% O2, 72 h). Hypoxia induced PVSMC [Ca2+]i elevation, proliferation and migration. These alterations were inhibited following TRPC6 knockdown. Results from the present study suggest that TRPC6 expression is increased during chronic hypoxia, which contributes to Ca2+ entry into the cell, thus promoting proliferation and migration of PVSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Gaoling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Changzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Chengchun Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Ashmore T, Roberts LD, Morash AJ, Kotwica AO, Finnerty J, West JA, Murfitt SA, Fernandez BO, Branco C, Cowburn AS, Clarke K, Johnson RS, Feelisch M, Griffin JL, Murray AJ. Nitrate enhances skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation via a nitric oxide-cGMP-PPAR-mediated mechanism. BMC Biol 2015; 13:110. [PMID: 26694920 PMCID: PMC4688964 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-015-0221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle is associated with metabolic flexibility, including a high capacity to increase fatty acid (FA) oxidation in response to increased lipid supply. Lipid overload, however, can result in incomplete FA oxidation and accumulation of potentially harmful intermediates where mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle capacity cannot keep pace with rates of β-oxidation. Enhancement of muscle FA oxidation in combination with mitochondrial biogenesis is therefore emerging as a strategy to treat metabolic disease. Dietary inorganic nitrate was recently shown to reverse aspects of the metabolic syndrome in rodents by as yet incompletely defined mechanisms. RESULTS Herein, we report that nitrate enhances skeletal muscle FA oxidation in rodents in a dose-dependent manner. We show that nitrate induces FA oxidation through a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cGMP-mediated PPARβ/δ- and PPARα-dependent mechanism. Enhanced PPARβ/δ and PPARα expression and DNA binding induces expression of FA oxidation enzymes, increasing muscle carnitine and lowering tissue malonyl-CoA concentrations, thereby supporting intra-mitochondrial pathways of FA oxidation and enhancing mitochondrial respiration. At higher doses, nitrate induces mitochondrial biogenesis, further increasing FA oxidation and lowering long-chain FA concentrations. Meanwhile, nitrate did not affect mitochondrial FA oxidation in PPARα(-/-) mice. In C2C12 myotubes, nitrate increased expression of the PPARα targets Cpt1b, Acadl, Hadh and Ucp3, and enhanced oxidative phosphorylation rates with palmitoyl-carnitine; however, these changes in gene expression and respiration were prevented by inhibition of either sGC or protein kinase G. Elevation of cGMP, via the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 by sildenafil, also increased expression of Cpt1b, Acadl and Ucp3, as well as CPT1B protein levels, and further enhanced the effect of nitrate supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Nitrate may therefore be effective in the treatment of metabolic disease by inducing FA oxidation in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Ashmore
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lee D Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC-Human Nutrition Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea J Morash
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Aleksandra O Kotwica
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - John Finnerty
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - James A West
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven A Murfitt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cristina Branco
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Andrew S Cowburn
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC-Human Nutrition Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
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Mohey V, Singh M, Puri N, Kaur T, Pathak D, Singh AP. Sildenafil obviates ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonism in rats. J Surg Res 2015; 201:69-75. [PMID: 26850186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used clinically for treating erectile dysfunction. Few studies suggest sildenafil to be a renoprotective agent. The present study investigated the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in sildenafil-mediated protection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) with 40 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by reperfusion for 24 h. The renal damage was assessed by measuring creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen, plasma uric acid, electrolytes, and microproteinuria in rats. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation, and reduced glutathione levels were measured to assess oxidative stress in renal tissues. The hematoxylin-eosin staining was carried out to demonstrate histopathologic changes in renal tissues. Sildenafil (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered 1 h before subjecting the rats to renal IRI. In a separate group, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a PPAR-γ receptor antagonist, was given before sildenafil administration followed by IRI. RESULTS The ischemia-reperfusion demonstrated marked AKI with significant changes in serum and urinary parameters, enhanced oxidative stress, and histopathologic changes in renal tissues. The administration of sildenafil demonstrated significant protection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI. The prior treatment with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether abolished sildenafil-mediated renal protection, thereby confirming involvement of PPAR-γ agonism in the sildenafil-mediated renoprotective effect. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that sildenafil protects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI through PPAR-γ agonism in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Mohey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Nikkita Puri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Tajpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India; Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, India
| | - Devendra Pathak
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Amrit Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
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Sun R, Xu F, Wang C, Dong E. NSFC spurs significant basic research progress of respiratory medicine in China. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2015; 11:271-284. [PMID: 26176299 PMCID: PMC7159156 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, research in respiratory medicine has progressed rapidly in China. This commentary narrates the role of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in supporting the basic research of respiratory medicine, summarizes the major progress of respiratory medicine in China, and addresses the main future research directions sponsored by the NSFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Sun
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China
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Upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential channel in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle of a chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rat model. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:821-8. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Yang K, Lu W, Jia J, Zhang J, Zhao M, Wang S, Jiang H, Xu L, Wang J. Noggin inhibits hypoxia-induced proliferation by targeting store-operated calcium entry and transient receptor potential cation channels. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 308:C869-78. [PMID: 25740156 PMCID: PMC4451349 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00349.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Abnormally elevated bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) expression and mediated signaling play a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH). In this study, we investigated the expression level and functional significance of four reported naturally occurring BMP4 antagonists, noggin, follistatin, gremlin1, and matrix gla protein (MGP), in the lung and distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC). A 21-day chronic hypoxic (10% O2) exposure rat model was utilized, which has been previously shown to successfully establish experimental CHPH. Among the four antagonists, noggin, but not the other three, was selectively downregulated by hypoxic exposure in both the lung tissue and PASMC, in correlation with markedly elevated BMP4 expression, suggesting that the loss of noggin might account for the hypoxia-triggered BMP4 signaling transduction. Then, by using treatment of extrogenous recombinant noggin protein, we further found that noggin significantly normalized 1) BMP4-induced phosphorylation of cellular p38 and ERK1/2; 2) BMP4-induced phosphorylation of cellular JAK2 and STAT3; 3) hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation; 4) hypoxia-induced store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), and 5) hypoxia-increased expression of transient receptor potential cation channels (TRPC1 and TRPC6) in PASMC. In combination, these data strongly indicated that the hypoxia-suppressed noggin accounts, at least partially, for hypoxia-induced excessive PASMC proliferation, while restoration of noggin may be an effective way to inhibit cell proliferation by suppressing SOCE and TRPC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Wenju Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sabrina Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Lei Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Clapp LH, Gurung R. The mechanistic basis of prostacyclin and its stable analogues in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Role of membrane versus nuclear receptors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015; 120:56-71. [PMID: 25917921 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease of distal pulmonary arteries in which patients suffer from elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, extensive vascular remodelling and right ventricular failure. To date prostacyclin (PGI2) therapy remains the most efficacious treatment for PAH and is the only approved monotherapy to have a positive impact on long-term survival. A key thing to note is that improvement exceeds that predicted from vasodilator testing strongly suggesting that additional mechanisms contribute to the therapeutic benefit of prostacyclins in PAH. Given these agents have potent antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory and endothelial regenerating properties suggests therapeutic benefit might result from a slowing, stabilization or even some reversal of vascular remodelling in vivo. This review discusses evidence that the pharmacology of each prostacyclin (IP) receptor agonist so far developed is distinct, with non-IP receptor targets clearly contributing to the therapeutic and side effect profile of PGI2 (EP3), iloprost (EP1), treprostinil (EP2, DP1) along with a family of nuclear receptors known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), to which PGI2 and some analogues directly bind. These targets are functionally expressed to varying degrees in arteries, veins, platelets, fibroblasts and inflammatory cells and are likely to be involved in the biological actions of prostacylins. Recently, a highly selective IP agonist, selexipag has been developed for PAH. This agent should prove useful in distinguishing IP from other prostanoid receptors or PPAR binding effects in human tissue. It remains to be determined whether selectivity for the IP receptor gives rise to a superior or inferior clinical benefit in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie H Clapp
- Department of Medicine, UCL, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK.
| | - Rijan Gurung
- Department of Medicine, UCL, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
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Yang K, Jiang Q, Wang Z, Li M, Zhang Q, Lu W, Wang J. Mutual inhibitory mechanisms between PPARγ and Hif-1α: implication in pulmonary hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 2:e626. [PMID: 27019861 DOI: 10.14800/rci.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif-1α) is known for its crucial role in promoting the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Previous studies have indicated the in-depth mechanisms that Hif-1α increases the distal pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure and vascular remodeling by triggering the intracellular calcium homeostasis, especially the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) process. In our recent research paper published in the Journal of Molecular Medicine, we found that the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation could attenuate the PH pathogenesis by suppressing the elevated distal PA pressure and vascular remodeling. Moreover, these effects are likely mediated through the inhibition of SOCE by suppressing Hif-1α. These results provided convincing evidence and novel mechanisms in supporting the protective roles of PPARγ on PH treatment. Then, by using comprehensive loss-of-function and gain-of-function strategies, we further identified the presence of a mutual inhibitory mechanism between PPARγ and Hif-1α. Basically, under chronic hypoxic stress, accumulated Hif-1α leads to abolished expression of PPARγ and progressive imbalance between PPARγ and Hif-1α, which promotes the PH progression; however, targeted PPARγ restoration approach reversely inhibits Hif-1α level and Hif-1α mediated signaling transduction, which subsequently attenuates the elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular remodeling under PH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21224
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21224
| | - Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120
| | - Meichan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21224
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Wang Y, Lu W, Yang K, Wang Y, Zhang J, Jia J, Yun X, Tian L, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Zhang B, Chen X, Wang J. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ inhibits pulmonary hypertension targeting store-operated calcium entry. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 93:327-42. [PMID: 25391250 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this study, we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) on store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and expression of the main store-operated calcium channel (SOCCs) components, canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) in chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) rat models. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown and adenoviral overexpression strategies were constructed for loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments. PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone attenuates the pathogenesis of CHPH and suppresses Hif-1α, TRPC1, TRPC6 expression in the distal pulmonary arteries (PA), and SOCE in freshly isolated rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). By comprehensive use of knockdown and overexpression studies, and bioinformatical analysis of the TRPC gene promoter and luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated that PPARγ exerts roles of anti-proliferation, anti-migration, and pro-apoptosis in PASMCs, likely by inhibiting the elevated SOCE and TRPC expression. These effects were inhibited under the conditions of hypoxia or Hif-1α accumulation. We also found that under hypoxia, accumulated Hif-1α protein acts as upstream of suppressed PPARγ level; however, targeted PPARγ rescue acts as negative feedback on suppressing Hif-1α level and Hif-1α mediated signaling pathway. PPARγ inhibits CHPH by targeting SOCE and TRPC via inhibiting Hif-1α expression and signaling transduction. KEY MESSAGES Rosiglitazone protects PH by normalizing RVSP but not right ventricle hypotrophy. PPARγ inhibits PASMCs proliferation via targeting SOCE and TRPC by suppressing Hif-1α. PPARγ and Hif-1α share mutual inhibitory regulation in PASMCs. PPARγ restoration might be a beneficial strategy for PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
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Xu L, Chen Y, Yang K, Wang Y, Tian L, Zhang J, Wang EW, Sun D, Lu W, Wang J. Chronic hypoxia increases TRPC6 expression and basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat distal pulmonary venous smooth muscle. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112007. [PMID: 25365342 PMCID: PMC4218830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia causes remodeling and contractile responses in both pulmonary artery (PA) and pulmonary vein (PV). Here we explore the effect of hypoxia on PV and pulmonary venous smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs). METHODS Chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) model was established by exposing rats to 10% O2 for 21 days. Rat distal PVSMCs were isolated and cultured for in vitro experiments. The fura-2 based fluorescence calcium imaging was used to measure the basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting were performed to measure the expression of mRNA and levels of canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) protein respectively. RESULTS Hypoxia increased the basal [Ca2+]i and SOCE in both freshly dissociated and serum cultured distal PVSMCs. Moreover, hypoxia increased TRPC6 expression at mRNA and protein levels in both cultured PVSMCs exposed to prolonged hypoxia (4% O2, 60 h) and distal PV isolated from CHPH rats. Hypoxia also enhanced proliferation and migration of rat distal PVSMCs. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia induces elevation of SOCE in distal PVSMCs, leading to enhancement of basal [Ca2+]i in PVSMCs. This enhancement is potentially correlated with the increased expression of TRPC6. Hypoxia triggered intracellular calcium contributes to promoted proliferation and migration of PVSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lichun Tian
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Dejun Sun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WL); (JW)
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (JW)
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Olschewski A, Papp R, Nagaraj C, Olschewski H. Ion channels and transporters as therapeutic targets in the pulmonary circulation. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:349-68. [PMID: 25108211 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary circulation is a low pressure, low resistance, high flow system. The low resting vascular tone is maintained by the concerted action of ion channels, exchangers and pumps. Under physiological as well as pathophysiological conditions, they are targets of locally secreted or circulating vasodilators and/or vasoconstrictors, leading to changes in expression or to posttranslational modifications. Both structural changes in the pulmonary arteries and a sustained increase in pulmonary vascular tone result in pulmonary vascular remodeling contributing to morbidity and mortality in pediatric and adult patients. There is increasing evidence demonstrating the pivotal role of ion channels such as K(+) and Cl(-) or transient receptor potential channels in different cell types which are thought to play a key role in vasoconstrictive remodeling. This review focuses on ion channels, exchangers and pumps in the pulmonary circulation and summarizes their putative pathophysiological as well as therapeutic role in pulmonary vascular remodeling. A better understanding of the mechanisms of their actions may allow for the development of new options for attenuating acute and chronic pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodeling treating the devastating disease pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Experimental Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Rita Papp
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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