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Verd S, Porta R, Ginovart G, Avila-Alvarez A, García-Muñoz Rodrigo F, Izquierdo Renau M, Ventura PS. Human Milk Feeding Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Moderate-Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Preterm Infants. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1267. [PMID: 37508764 PMCID: PMC10378323 DOI: 10.3390/children10071267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increased rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is reported in extremely preterm infants. A potential role of human milk feeding in protecting against this condition has been suggested. METHODS A retrospective descriptive study was conducted based on data about morbidity in the population of infants born between 22+0 and 26+6 weeks of gestation, included in the Spanish network SEN1500 during the period 2004-2019 and discharged alive. The primary outcome was moderate-severe BPD. Associated conditions were studied, including human milk feeding at discharge. The temporal trends of BPD and human milk feeding rates at discharge were also studied. RESULTS In the study population of 4341 infants, the rate of moderate-severe BPD was 43.7% and it increased to >50% in the last three years. The factors significantly associated with a higher risk of moderate-severe BPD were birth weight, male sex, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide, patent ductus arteriosus, and late-onset sepsis. Exclusive human milk feeding and any amount of human milk at discharge were associated with a lower incidence of moderate-severe BPD (OR 0.752, 95% CI 0.629-0.901 and OR 0.714, 95% CI 0.602-0.847, respectively). During the study period, the proportion of infants with moderate-severe BPD fed any amount of human milk at discharge increased more than twofold. And the proportion of infants with moderate-severe BPD who were exclusively fed human milk at discharge increased at the same rate. CONCLUSIONS Our work shows an inverse relationship between human milk feeding at discharge from the neonatal unit and the occurrence of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Verd
- Department of Pediatric Care Primary Unit, La Vileta Surgery, Health Sciences Research Institute (IUNICS), Balearic University, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Roser Porta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gemma Ginovart
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Avila-Alvarez
- Division of Neonatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo
- Division of Neonatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | - Paula Sol Ventura
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Mižíková I, Thébaud B. Perinatal origins of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-deciphering normal and impaired lung development cell by cell. Mol Cell Pediatr 2023; 10:4. [PMID: 37072570 PMCID: PMC10113423 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-023-00158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease occurring as a consequence of premature birth, as well as antenatal and postnatal injury to the developing lung. BPD morbidity and severity depend on a complex interplay between prenatal and postnatal inflammation, mechanical ventilation, and oxygen therapy as well as associated prematurity-related complications. These initial hits result in ill-explored aberrant immune and reparative response, activation of pro-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic factors, which further perpetuate the injury. Histologically, the disease presents primarily by impaired lung development and an arrest in lung microvascular maturation. Consequently, BPD leads to respiratory complications beyond the neonatal period and may result in premature aging of the lung. While the numerous prenatal and postnatal stimuli contributing to BPD pathogenesis are relatively well known, the specific cell populations driving the injury, as well as underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. Recently, an effort to gain a more detailed insight into the cellular composition of the developing lung and its progenitor populations has unfold. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding perinatal origin of BPD and discuss underlying mechanisms, as well as novel approaches to study the perturbed lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mižíková
- Experimental Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - B Thébaud
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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3
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Yao H, Wallace J, Peterson AL, Scaffa A, Rizal S, Hegarty K, Maeda H, Chang JL, Oulhen N, Kreiling JA, Huntington KE, De Paepe ME, Barbosa G, Dennery PA. Timing and cell specificity of senescence drives postnatal lung development and injury. Nat Commun 2023; 14:273. [PMID: 36650158 PMCID: PMC9845377 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence causes age-related diseases and stress-related injury. Paradoxically, it is also essential for organismal development. Whether senescence contributes to lung development or injury in early life remains unclear. Here, we show that lung senescence occurred at birth and decreased throughout the saccular stage in mice. Reducing senescent cells at this stage disrupted lung development. In mice (<12 h old) exposed to hyperoxia during the saccular stage followed by air recovery until adulthood, lung senescence increased particularly in type II cells and secondary crest myofibroblasts. This peaked during the alveolar stage and was mediated by the p53/p21 pathway. Decreasing senescent cells during the alveolar stage attenuated hyperoxia-induced alveolar and vascular simplification. Conclusively, early programmed senescence orchestrates postnatal lung development whereas later hyperoxia-induced senescence causes lung injury through different mechanisms. This defines the ontogeny of lung senescence and provides an optimal therapeutic window for mitigating neonatal hyperoxic lung injury by inhibiting senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Joselynn Wallace
- Center for Computational Biology of Human Disease and Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Abigail L Peterson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Alejandro Scaffa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Salu Rizal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Katy Hegarty
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Hajime Maeda
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jason L Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Nathalie Oulhen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jill A Kreiling
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Kelsey E Huntington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Monique E De Paepe
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Guilherme Barbosa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Phyllis A Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
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4
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Yee M, McDavid AN, Cohen ED, Huyck HL, Poole C, Altman BJ, Maniscalco WM, Deutsch GH, Pryhuber GS, O’Reilly MA. Neonatal Hyperoxia Activates Activating Transcription Factor 4 to Stimulate Folate Metabolism and Alveolar Epithelial Type 2 Cell Proliferation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:402-414. [PMID: 35045271 PMCID: PMC8990118 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0363oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen supplementation in preterm infants disrupts alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cell proliferation through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, newborn mice are used to understand how hyperoxia stimulates an early aberrant wave of AT2 cell proliferation that occurs between Postnatal Days (PNDs) 0 and 4. RNA-sequencing analysis of AT2 cells isolated from PND4 mice revealed hyperoxia stimulates expression of mitochondrial-specific methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 and other genes involved in mitochondrial one-carbon coupled folate metabolism and serine synthesis. The same genes are induced when AT2 cells normally proliferate on PND7 and when they proliferate in response to the mitogen fibroblast growth factor 7. However, hyperoxia selectively stimulated their expression via the stress-responsive activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Administration of the mitochondrial superoxide scavenger mitoTEMPO during hyperoxia suppressed ATF4 and thus early AT2 cell proliferation, but it had no effect on normative AT2 cell proliferation seen on PND7. Because ATF4 and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase are detected in hyperplastic AT2 cells of preterm infant humans and baboons with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, dampening mitochondrial oxidative stress and ATF4 activation may provide new opportunities for controlling excess AT2 cell proliferation in neonatal lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Brian J. Altman
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; and
| | | | - Gail H. Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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5
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Perinatal Hyperoxia and Developmental Consequences on the Lung-Brain Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5784146. [PMID: 35251477 PMCID: PMC8894035 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5784146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 11.1% of all newborns worldwide are born preterm. Improved neonatal intensive care significantly increased survival rates over the last decades but failed to reduce the risk for the development of chronic lung disease (i.e., bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)) and impaired neurodevelopment (i.e., encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP)), two major long-term sequelae of prematurity. Premature infants are exposed to relative hyperoxia, when compared to physiological in-utero conditions and, if needed to additional therapeutic oxygen supplementation. Both are associated with an increased risk for impaired organ development. Since the detrimental effects of hyperoxia on the immature retina are known for many years, lung and brain have come into focus in the last decade. Hyperoxia-induced excessive production of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to pulmonary growth restriction and abnormal neurodevelopment, including myelination deficits. Despite a large body of studies, which unraveled important pathophysiological mechanisms for both organs at risk, the majority focused exclusively either on lung or on brain injury. However, considering that preterm infants suffering from BPD are at higher risk for poor neurodevelopmental outcome, an interaction between both organs seems plausible. This review summarizes recent findings regarding mechanisms of hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung and brain injury. We will discuss common pathophysiological pathways, which potentially link both injured organ systems. Furthermore, promises and needs of currently suggested therapies, including pharmacological and regenerative cell-based treatments for BPD and EoP, will be emphasized. Limited therapeutic approaches highlight the urgent need for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying detrimental effects of hyperoxia on the lung-brain axis in order to pave the way for the development of novel multimodal therapies, ideally targeting both severe preterm birth-associated complications.
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6
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Eldredge LC. Preventable ATII Proliferation After Hyperoxia: The "Tempo" of Folate Metabolism in the Neonatal Lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:353-355. [PMID: 35143373 PMCID: PMC8990117 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0012ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie C Eldredge
- University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Pediatrics Pulmonology, Seattle, Washington, United States.,Seattle Children's Hospital, 7274, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States;
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7
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Vu LD, Phan ATQ, Hijano DR, Siefker DT, Tillman H, Cormier SA. IL-1β Promotes Expansion of IL-33+ Lung Epithelial Stem Cells Following RSV Infection During Infancy. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 66:312-322. [PMID: 34861136 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0313oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced immunopathogenesis and disease severity in neonatal mice and human infants have been related to elevated pulmonary IL-33. Thus, targeting IL-33 has been suggested as a potential therapy for respiratory viral infections. Yet, the regulatory mechanisms on IL-33 during early life remain unclear. Here, using a neonatal mouse model of RSV, we demonstrate that IL-1β positively regulates but is not required for RSV-induced expression of pulmonary IL-33 in neonatal mice early after the initial infection. Exogenous IL-1β upregulates RSV-induced IL-33 expression by promoting the proliferation of IL-33pos lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells (EpiSPC). These cells are exclusively detected in RSV-infected neonatal rather than adult mice, partially explaining the IL-1β-independent IL-33 expression in RSV-infected adult mice. Furthermore, IL-1β aggravates IL-33 mediated Th2 biased immunopathogenesis upon reinfection. Collectively, our study demonstrates that IL-1β exacerbates IL-33 mediated RSV immunopathogenesis by promoting the proliferation of IL-33pos EpiSPC in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan D Vu
- Louisiana State University College of Science, 124525, Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Anh T Q Phan
- Louisiana State University College of Science, 124525, Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Diego R Hijano
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 5417, Department of Infectious Diseases,, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - David T Siefker
- Louisiana State University, 5779, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Heather Tillman
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 5417, Department of Infectious Diseases,, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Stephania A Cormier
- Louisiana State University and A&M College, 5779, Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States;
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8
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Scaffa A, Yao H, Oulhen N, Wallace J, Peterson AL, Rizal S, Ragavendran A, Wessel G, De Paepe ME, Dennery PA. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals lasting changes in the lung cellular landscape into adulthood after neonatal hyperoxic exposure. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102091. [PMID: 34417156 PMCID: PMC8710996 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventilatory support, such as supplemental oxygen, used to save premature infants impairs the growth of the pulmonary microvasculature and distal alveoli, leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Although lung cellular composition changes with exposure to hyperoxia in neonatal mice, most human BPD survivors are weaned off oxygen within the first weeks to months of life, yet they may have persistent lung injury and pulmonary dysfunction as adults. We hypothesized that early-life hyperoxia alters the cellular landscape in later life and predicts long-term lung injury. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we mapped lung cell subpopulations at postnatal day (pnd)7 and pnd60 in mice exposed to hyperoxia (95% O2) for 3 days as neonates. We interrogated over 10,000 cells and identified a total of 45 clusters within 32 cell states. Neonatal hyperoxia caused persistent compositional changes in later life (pnd60) in all five type II cell states with unique signatures and function. Premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation with different durations also showed similar alterations in these unique signatures of type II cell states. Pathologically, neonatal hyperoxic exposure caused alveolar simplification in adult mice. We conclude that neonatal hyperoxia alters the lung cellular landscape in later life, uncovering neonatal programing of adult lung dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Scaffa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nathalie Oulhen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Joselynn Wallace
- Center for Computational Biology of Human Disease and Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Abigail L Peterson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Salu Rizal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ashok Ragavendran
- Center for Computational Biology of Human Disease and Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Gary Wessel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Monique E De Paepe
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Phyllis A Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
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9
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Beyer AM, Norwood Toro LE, Hughes WE, Young M, Clough AV, Gao F, Medhora M, Audi SH, Jacobs ER. Autophagy, TERT, and mitochondrial dysfunction in hyperoxia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H985-H1003. [PMID: 34559580 PMCID: PMC8616608 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00166.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ventilation with gases containing enhanced fractions of oxygen is the cornerstone of therapy for patients with hypoxia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Yet, hyperoxia treatment increases free reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced lung injury, which is reported to disrupt autophagy/mitophagy. Altered extranuclear activity of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), plays a protective role in ROS injury and autophagy in the systemic and coronary endothelium. We investigated interactions between autophagy/mitophagy and TERT that contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and pulmonary injury in cultured rat lung microvascular endothelial cells (RLMVECs) exposed in vitro, and rat lungs exposed in vivo to hyperoxia for 48 h. Hyperoxia-induced mitochondrial damage in rat lungs [TOMM20, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)], which was paralleled by increased markers of inflammation [myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-1β, TLR9], impaired autophagy signaling (Beclin-1, LC3B-II/1, and p62), and decreased the expression of TERT. Mitochondrial-specific autophagy (mitophagy) was not altered, as hyperoxia increased expression of Pink1 but not Parkin. Hyperoxia-induced mitochondrial damage (TOMM20) was more pronounced in rats that lack the catalytic subunit of TERT and resulted in a reduction in cellular proliferation rather than cell death in RLMVECs. Activation of TERT or autophagy individually offset mitochondrial damage (MTT). Combined activation/inhibition failed to alleviate hyperoxic-induced mitochondrial damage in vitro, whereas activation of autophagy in vivo decreased mitochondrial damage (MTT) in both wild type (WT) and rats lacking TERT. Functionally, activation of either TERT or autophagy preserved transendothelial membrane resistance. Altogether, these observations show that activation of autophagy/mitophagy and/or TERT mitigate loss of mitochondrial function and barrier integrity in hyperoxia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells and in lungs exposed in vivo to hyperoxia, autophagy is activated, but clearance of autophagosomes is impaired in a manner that suggests cross talk between TERT and autophagy. Stimulation of autophagy prevents hyperoxia-induced decreases in mitochondrial metabolism and sustains monolayer resistance. Hyperoxia increases mitochondrial outer membrane (TOMM20) protein, decreases mitochondrial function, and reduces cellular proliferation without increasing cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M Beyer
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Laura E Norwood Toro
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - William E Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Micaela Young
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Anne V Clough
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee Wisconsin
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Meetha Medhora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | - Said H Audi
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Elizabeth R Jacobs
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Research Service, Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee Wisconsin
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10
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Age-dependent alveolar epithelial plasticity orchestrates lung homeostasis and regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1775-1789.e5. [PMID: 33974915 PMCID: PMC8500919 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of the architecturally complex alveolar niche of the lung requires precise temporal and spatial control of epithelial cell behavior. Injury can lead to a permanent reduction in gas exchange surface area and respiratory function. Using mouse models, we show that alveolar type 1 (AT1) cell plasticity is a major and unappreciated mechanism that drives regeneration, beginning in the early postnatal period during alveolar maturation. Upon acute neonatal lung injury, AT1 cells reprogram into alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, promoting alveolar regeneration. In contrast, the ability of AT2 cells to regenerate AT1 cells is restricted to the mature lung. Unbiased genomic assessment reveals that this previously unappreciated level of plasticity is governed by the preferential activity of Hippo signaling in the AT1 cell lineage. Thus, cellular plasticity is a temporally acquired trait of the alveolar epithelium and presents an alternative mode of tissue regeneration in the postnatal lung.
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11
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Chorioamnionitis induces changes in ovine pulmonary endogenous epithelial stem/progenitor cells in utero. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:549-558. [PMID: 33070161 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chorioamnionitis, an intrauterine infection of the placenta and fetal membranes, is a common risk factor for adverse pulmonary outcomes in premature infants including BPD, which is characterized by an arrest in alveolar development. As endogenous epithelial stem/progenitor cells are crucial for organogenesis and tissue repair, we examined whether intrauterine inflammation negatively affects these essential progenitor pools. METHODS In an ovine chorioamnionitis model, fetuses were intra-amniotically exposed to LPS, 2d or 7d (acute inflammation) before preterm delivery at 125d of gestation, or to intra-amniotic Ureaplasma parvum for 42d (chronic inflammation). Lung function, pulmonary endogenous epithelial stem/progenitor pools, and downstream functional markers were studied. RESULTS Lung function was improved in the 7d LPS and 42d Ureaplasma groups. However, intrauterine inflammation caused a loss of P63+ basal cells in proximal airways and reduced SOX-9 expression and TTF-1+ Club cells in distal airways. Attenuated type-2 cell numbers were associated with lower proliferation and reduced type-1 cell marker Aqp5 expression, indicative for impaired progenitor function. Chronic Ureaplasma infection only affected distal airways, whereas acute inflammation affected stem/progenitor populations throughout the lungs. CONCLUSIONS Acute and chronic prenatal inflammation improve lung function at the expense of stem/progenitor alterations that potentially disrupt normal lung development, thereby predisposing to adverse postnatal outcomes. IMPACT In this study, prenatal inflammation improved lung function at the expense of stem/progenitor alterations that potentially disrupt normal lung development, thereby predisposing to adverse postnatal outcomes. Importantly, we demonstrate that these essential alterations can already be initiated before birth. So far, stem/progenitor dysfunction has only been shown postnatally. This study indicates that clinical protocols to target the consequences of perinatal inflammatory stress for the immature lungs should be initiated as early as possible and ideally in utero. Within this context, our data suggest that interventions, which promote function or repair of endogenous stem cells in the lungs, hold great promise.
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12
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Hirani D, Alvira CM, Danopoulos S, Milla C, Donato M, Tian L, Mohr J, Dinger K, Vohlen C, Selle J, Koningsbruggen-Rietschel SV, Barbarino V, Pallasch C, Rose-John S, Odenthal M, Pryhuber GS, Mansouri S, Savai R, Seeger W, Khatri P, Al Alam D, Dötsch J, Alejandre Alcazar MA. Macrophage-derived IL-6 trans-signaling as a novel target in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Eur Respir J 2021; 59:13993003.02248-2020. [PMID: 34446466 PMCID: PMC8850688 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02248-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rationale Premature infants exposed to oxygen are at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is characterised by lung growth arrest. Inflammation is important, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigated inflammatory pathways and therapeutic targets in severe clinical and experimental BPD. Methods and results First, transcriptomic analysis with in silico cellular deconvolution identified a lung-intrinsic M1-like-driven cytokine pattern in newborn mice after hyperoxia. These findings were confirmed by gene expression of macrophage-regulating chemokines (Ccl2, Ccl7, Cxcl5) and markers (Il6, Il17A, Mmp12). Secondly, hyperoxia-activated interleukin 6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling was measured in vivo and related to loss of alveolar epithelial type II cells (ATII) as well as increased mesenchymal marker. Il6 null mice exhibited preserved ATII survival, reduced myofibroblasts and improved elastic fibre assembly, thus enabling lung growth and protecting lung function. Pharmacological inhibition of global IL-6 signalling and IL-6 trans-signalling promoted alveolarisation and ATII survival after hyperoxia. Third, hyperoxia triggered M1-like polarisation, possibly via Krüppel-like factor 4; hyperoxia-conditioned medium of macrophages and IL-6-impaired ATII proliferation. Finally, clinical data demonstrated elevated macrophage-related plasma cytokines as potential biomarkers that identify infants receiving oxygen at increased risk of developing BPD. Moreover, macrophage-derived IL6 and active STAT3 were related to loss of epithelial cells in BPD lungs. Conclusion We present a novel IL-6-mediated mechanism by which hyperoxia activates macrophages in immature lungs, impairs ATII homeostasis and disrupts elastic fibre formation, thereby inhibiting lung growth. The data provide evidence that IL-6 trans-signalling could offer an innovative pharmacological target to enable lung growth in severe neonatal chronic lung disease. M1-like macrophage activation is linked to IL-6/STAT3 axis in clinical and experimental BPD. Inhibition of macrophage-related IL-6 trans-signalling promotes ATII survival and lung growth in experimental BPD as a new therapy for preterm infants.https://bit.ly/3AhF7GP
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmesh Hirani
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics - Experimental Pulmonology, Koln, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Koln, Germany
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soula Danopoulos
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Carlos Milla
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michele Donato
- Biomedical Informatics Research-Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Jasmine Mohr
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics - Experimental Pulmonology, Koln, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Koln, Germany
| | - Katharina Dinger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics - Experimental Pulmonology, Koln, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Koln, Germany
| | - Christina Vohlen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics - Experimental Pulmonology, Koln, Germany.,Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Jaco Selle
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics - Experimental Pulmonology, Koln, Germany
| | - Silke V Koningsbruggen-Rietschel
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Verena Barbarino
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Christian Pallasch
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for Pathology, Koln, Germany
| | - Gloria S Pryhuber
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Siavash Mansouri
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Biomedical Informatics Research-Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Denise Al Alam
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Miguel A Alejandre Alcazar
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Experimental Pediatrics - Experimental Pulmonology, Koln, Germany .,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Koln, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL).,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
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13
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Yue L, Lu X, Dennery PA, Yao H. Metabolic dysregulation in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Implications for identification of biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102104. [PMID: 34417157 PMCID: PMC8710987 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in premature infants. Accumulating evidence shows that dysregulated metabolism of glucose, lipids and amino acids are observed in premature infants. Animal and cell studies demonstrate that abnormal metabolism of these substrates results in apoptosis, inflammation, reduced migration, abnormal proliferation or senescence in response to hyperoxic exposure, and that rectifying metabolic dysfunction attenuates neonatal hyperoxia-induced alveolar simplification and vascular dysgenesis in the lung. BPD is often associated with several comorbidities, including pulmonary hypertension and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, which significantly increase the morbidity and mortality of this disease. Here, we discuss recent progress on dysregulated metabolism of glucose, lipids and amino acids in premature infants with BPD and in related in vivo and in vitro models. These findings suggest that metabolic dysregulation may serve as a biomarker of BPD and plays important roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. We also highlight that targeting metabolic pathways could be employed in the prevention and treatment of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Xuexin Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Phyllis A Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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14
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Grimm SL, Dong X, Zhang Y, Carisey AF, Arnold AP, Moorthy B, Coarfa C, Lingappan K. Effect of sex chromosomes versus hormones in neonatal lung injury. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e146863. [PMID: 34061778 PMCID: PMC8410054 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.146863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The main mechanisms underlying sexually dimorphic outcomes in neonatal lung injury are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that hormone- or sex chromosome–mediated mechanisms interact with hyperoxia exposure to impact injury and repair in the neonatal lung. To distinguish sex differences caused by gonadal hormones versus sex chromosome complement (XX versus XY), we used the Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mice and exposed them to hyperoxia (95% FiO2, P1–P4: saccular stage) or room air. This model generates XX and XY mice that each have either testes (with Sry, XXM, or XYM) or ovaries (without Sry, XXF, or XYF). Lung alveolarization and vascular development were more severely impacted in XYM and XYF compared with XXF and XXM mice. Cell cycle–related pathways were enriched in the gonadal or chromosomal females, while muscle-related pathways were enriched in the gonadal males, and immune-response–related pathways were enriched in chromosomal males. Female gene signatures showed a negative correlation with human patients who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or needed oxygen therapy at 28 days. These results demonstrate that chromosomal sex — and not gonadal sex — impacted the response to neonatal hyperoxia exposure. The female sex chromosomal complement was protective and could mediate sex-specific differences in the neonatal lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Grimm
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Department.,Center for Precision Environmental Health, and
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandre F Carisey
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Arthur P Arnold
- Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Department.,Center for Precision Environmental Health, and.,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Krithika Lingappan
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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15
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Woeller CF, Lim SA, Roztocil E, Yee M, Beier EE, Puzas JE, O'Reilly MA. Neonatal hyperoxia impairs adipogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and fat accumulation in adult mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:287-298. [PMID: 33757863 PMCID: PMC8096722 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a risk factor for growth failure and development of respiratory disease in children and young adults. Their early exposure to oxygen may contribute to lung disease because adult mice exposed to hyperoxia as neonates display reduced lung function, changes in the host response to respiratory viral infections, and develop pulmonary hypertension and heart failure that shortens their lifespan. Here, we provide new evidence that neonatal hyperoxia also impairs growth by inhibiting fat accumulation. Failure to accumulate fat may reflect a systemic defect in adipogenic potential of stem cells because bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) isolated from the mice grew slower and were more oxidized compared to controls. They also displayed reduced capacity to accumulate lipid and differentiate into adipocytes. BMSCs from adult mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia express lower levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a transcription factor that drives adipocyte differentiation. The defect in adipogenesis was rescued by expressing PPARγ in these cells. These findings reveal early life exposure to high levels of oxygen may suppresses fat accumulation and impair adipogenic differentiation upstream of PPARγ signaling, thus potentially contributing to growth failure seen in people born preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collynn F Woeller
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Sydney A Lim
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Elisa Roztocil
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Min Yee
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Eric E Beier
- Departments of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - J Edward Puzas
- Departments of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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16
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Gong J, Feng Z, Peterson AL, Carr JF, Lu X, Zhao H, Ji X, Zhao YY, De Paepe ME, Dennery PA, Yao H. The pentose phosphate pathway mediates hyperoxia-induced lung vascular dysgenesis and alveolar simplification in neonates. JCI Insight 2021; 6:137594. [PMID: 33497360 PMCID: PMC8021105 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysmorphic pulmonary vascular growth and abnormal endothelial cell (EC) proliferation are paradoxically observed in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), despite vascular pruning. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis, generates NADPH as a reducing equivalent and ribose 5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis. It is unknown whether hyperoxia, a known mediator of BPD in rodent models, alters glycolysis and the PPP in lung ECs. We hypothesized that hyperoxia increases glycolysis and the PPP, resulting in abnormal EC proliferation and dysmorphic angiogenesis in neonatal mice. To test this hypothesis, lung ECs and newborn mice were exposed to hyperoxia and allowed to recover in air. Hyperoxia increased glycolysis and the PPP. Increased PPP, but not glycolysis, caused hyperoxia-induced abnormal EC proliferation. Blocking the PPP reduced hyperoxia-induced glucose-derived deoxynucleotide synthesis in cultured ECs. In neonatal mice, hyperoxia-induced abnormal EC proliferation, dysmorphic angiogenesis, and alveolar simplification were augmented by nanoparticle-mediated endothelial overexpression of phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, the second enzyme in the PPP. These effects were attenuated by inhibitors of the PPP. Neonatal hyperoxia augments the PPP, causing abnormal lung EC proliferation, dysmorphic vascular development, and alveolar simplification. These observations provide mechanisms and potential metabolic targets to prevent BPD-associated vascular dysgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Gong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zihang Feng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Abigail L. Peterson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jennifer F. Carr
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Xuexin Lu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Xiangming Ji
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - You-Yang Zhao
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics (Critical Care Division), Pharmacology, and Medicine (Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Monique E. De Paepe
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Phyllis A. Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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17
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Interleukin-24 as a Pulmonary Target Cytokine in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:311-320. [PMID: 33683657 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of fetal alveolar type II cells (FATIICs) was impaired in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is modulated by hyperoxia and inflammatory response. Interleukin 24 (IL-24), a cytokine produced by certain cell types, plays an essential role in inflammation and host protection against infection. However, the ability of FATIICs to produce IL-24 remains unclear, and the role of IL-24 in BPD progression is yet to be determined. With reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the authors evaluated whether FATIICs produce IL-24 in physiological conditions. The authors quantified IL-24 expression in the lungs of newborn rat pups exposed to hyperoxia (70% oxygen) and in FATIICs isolated on embryonic day 19 that were exposed to 95% oxygen or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The role of IL-24 in FATIICs, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle were further evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and flow cytometric analysis. Also, they assessed caspase-3 and SOCS3 mRNA in IL-24 siRNA-treated cells by using RT-qPCR. During culture, IL-24 mRNA and protein levels in FATIICs gradually decreased with FATIIC differentiation. IL-24 expression increased significantly in rat lungs exposed to hyperoxia and FATIICs exposed to oxygen or LPS. Recombinant IL-24 enhanced cell proliferation by decreasing the proportion of apoptotic cells and increasing the proportion of cells in the S phase. The IL-24 siRNA-treated cells expressed more caspase-3 mRNA. Furthermore, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) mRNA was significantly decreased in rats and FATIICs exposed to oxygen, whereas it dramatically increased in FATIICs exposed to LPS. The IL-24 siRNA-treated cells expressed more SOCS3 mRNA. These studies suggest IL-24 is a pulmonary target cytokine in BPD, and may possibly regulate SOCS3 in oxidative stress and inflammation of the lung.
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18
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Issah Y, Naik A, Tang SY, Forrest K, Brooks TG, Lahens N, Theken KN, Mermigos M, Sehgal A, Worthen GS, FitzGerald GA, Sengupta S. Loss of circadian protection against influenza infection in adult mice exposed to hyperoxia as neonates. eLife 2021; 10:e61241. [PMID: 33650487 PMCID: PMC7924938 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse early-life exposures have a lasting negative impact on health. Neonatal hyperoxia that is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia confers susceptibility to influenza A virus (IAV) infection later in life. Given our previous findings that the circadian clock protects against IAV, we asked if the long-term impact of neonatal hyperoxia vis-à-vis IAV infection includes circadian disruption. Here, we show that neonatal hyperoxia abolishes the clock-mediated time of day protection from IAV in mice, independent of viral burden through host tolerance pathways. We discovered that the lung intrinsic clock (and not the central or immune clocks) mediated this dysregulation. Loss of circadian protein, Bmal1, in alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells recapitulates the increased mortality, loss of temporal gating, and other key features of hyperoxia-exposed animals. Our data suggest a novel role for the circadian clock in AT2 cells in mediating long-term effects of early-life exposures to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Issah
- The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Amruta Naik
- The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Soon Y Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Kaitlyn Forrest
- The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Thomas G Brooks
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Nicholas Lahens
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Katherine N Theken
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Systems Pharmacology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Mara Mermigos
- The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - George S Worthen
- The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Systems Pharmacology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Shaon Sengupta
- The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
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19
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Wickramasinghe LC, van Wijngaarden P, Johnson C, Tsantikos E, Hibbs ML. An Experimental Model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Features Long-Term Retinal and Pulmonary Defects but Not Sustained Lung Inflammation. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:689699. [PMID: 34527643 PMCID: PMC8435611 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.689699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe lung disease that affects preterm infants receiving oxygen therapy. No standardized, clinically-relevant BPD model exists, hampering efforts to understand and treat this disease. This study aimed to evaluate and confirm a candidate model of acute and chronic BPD, based on exposure of neonatal mice to a high oxygen environment during key lung developmental stages affected in preterm infants with BPD. Neonatal C57BL/6 mouse pups were exposed to 75% oxygen from postnatal day (PN)-1 for 5, 8, or 14 days, and their lungs were examined at PN14 and PN40. While all mice showed some degree of lung damage, mice exposed to hyperoxia for 8 or 14 days exhibited the greatest septal wall thickening and airspace enlargement. Furthermore, when assessed at PN40, mice exposed for 8 or 14 days to supplemental oxygen exhibited augmented septal wall thickness and emphysema, with the severity increased with the longer exposure, which translated into a decline in respiratory function at PN80 in the 14-day model. In addition to this, mice exposed to hyperoxia for 8 days showed significant expansion of alveolar epithelial type II cells as well as the greatest fibrosis when assessed at PN40 suggesting a healing response, which was not seen in mice exposed to high oxygen for a longer period. While evidence of lung inflammation was apparent at PN14, chronic inflammation was absent from all three models. Finally, exposure to high oxygen for 14 days also induced concurrent outer retinal degeneration. This study shows that early postnatal exposure to high oxygen generates hallmark acute and chronic pathologies in mice that highlights its use as a translational model of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshanie C Wickramasinghe
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter van Wijngaarden
- Department of Surgery - Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chad Johnson
- Monash Micro Imaging, Alfred Research Alliance, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Evelyn Tsantikos
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Xue H, Wu Z, Yao J, Zhao A, Zheng L, Yin X, Wang F, Zhao P. Cerebral Oxygen Changes in Neonates During Immediate Transition After Birth and Early Life: An Observational Study. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4703-4715. [PMID: 33173280 PMCID: PMC7646445 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s266726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The physiologic transition from a fetus to a neonate is composed of a series of complex processes that include changes in cerebral tissue oxygenation saturation (cSO2). Monitoring this process is of great importance. This study aimed to define the cSO2 reference interval in neonates without medical support, extending the measurements until 1 hour after birth, and to determine the incidence of abnormally low or high regional cerebral oxygenation during the neonatal transition. Patients and Methods A total of 418 neonates delivered by cesarean section were enrolled. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor cerebral oxygenation. Results We found that cSO2 of the non-oxygen-inhaled intrathecal anesthesia in neonates without medical support increased from about 49.0% in the second minute. Most of them reached cSO2 relative stabilization at 55.7-81.0% between 7 and 8 minutes after birth. One hour after birth, newborn cSO2 was maintained at 78.0-87.0%. The low cSO2 rate among babies born under intrathecal anesthesia with and without maternal oxygen inhalation during cesarean sections was approximately 4.5% and 9.0%, respectively. Conclusion We reported the trend in cSO2 from 2 minutes after birth to 1 hour in the neonatal nursing room and determined the incidence of abnormal regional cSO2 during this neonatal transition period. Anesthesiologists should pay special attention to the risk of cSO2 abnormalities in newborns when managing pregnant women with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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21
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Hyperoxic Exposure Caused Lung Lipid Compositional Changes in Neonatal Mice. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090340. [PMID: 32825609 PMCID: PMC7569933 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments with supplemental oxygen in premature infants can impair lung development, leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Although a stage-specific alteration of lung lipidome occurs during postnatal lung development, whether neonatal hyperoxia, a known mediator of BPD in rodent models, changes lipid profiles in mouse lungs is still to be elucidated. To answer this question, newborn mice were exposed to hyperoxia for 3 days and allowed to recover in normoxia until postnatal day (pnd) 7 and pnd14, time-points spanning the peak stage of alveologenesis. A total of 2263 lung lipid species were detected by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, covering 5 lipid categories and 18 lipid subclasses. The most commonly identified lipid species were glycerophospholipids, followed by sphingolipids and glycerolipids. In normoxic conditions, certain glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid species augmented at pnd14 compared to pnd7. At pnd7, hyperoxia generally increased glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and glycerolipid species. Hyperoxia increased NADPH, acetyl CoA, and citrate acid but reduced carnitine and acyl carnitine. Hyperoxia increased oxidized glutathione but reduced catalase. These changes were not apparent at pnd14. Hyperoxia reduced docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid at pnd14 but not at pnd7. Altogether, the lung lipidome changes throughout alveolarization. Neonatal hyperoxia alters the lung lipidome, which may contribute to alveolar simplification and dysregulated vascular development.
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Dylag AM, Raffay TM. Rodent models of respiratory control and respiratory system development-Clinical significance. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 268:103249. [PMID: 31315068 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The newborn infant's respiratory system must rapidly adapt to extra-uterine life. Neonatal rat and mouse models have been used to investigate early development of respiratory control and reactivity in both health and disease. This review highlights several rodent models of control of breathing and respiratory system development (including pulmonary function), discusses their translational strengths and limitations, and underscores the importance of creating clinically relevant models applicable to the human infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Dylag
- Division of Neonatology, Golisano Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Thomas M Raffay
- Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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23
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Type VI collagen promotes lung epithelial cell spreading and wound-closure. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209095. [PMID: 30550606 PMCID: PMC6294368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Basement membrane (BM) is an essential part of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that plays a crucial role in mechanical support and signaling to epithelial cells during lung development, homeostasis and repair. Abnormal composition and remodeling of the lung ECM have been associated with developmental abnormalities observed in multiple pediatric and adult respiratory diseases. Collagen VI (COL6) is a well-studied muscle BM component, but its role in the lung and its effect on pulmonary epithelium is largely undetermined. We report the presence of COLVI immediately subjacent to human airway and alveolar epithelium in the pediatric lung, in a location where it is likely to interact with epithelial cells. In vitro, both primary human lung epithelial cells and human lung epithelial cell lines displayed an increased rate of “wound healing” in response to a scratch injury when plated on COL6 as compared to other matrices. For the 16HBE cell line, wounds remained >5-fold larger for cells on COL1 (p<0.001) and >6-fold larger on matrigel (p<0.001), a prototypical basement membrane, when compared to COL6 (>96% closure at 10 hr). The effect of COL6 upon lung epithelial cell phenotype was associated with an increase in cell spreading. Three hours after initial plating, 16HBE cells showed >7-fold less spreading on matrigel (p<0.01), and >4-fold less spreading on COL1 (p<0.01) when compared to COL6. Importantly, the addition of COL6 to other matrices also enhanced cell spreading. Similar responses were observed for primary cells. Inhibitor studies indicated both integrin β1 activity and activation of multiple signaling pathways was required for enhanced spreading on all matrices, with the PI3K/AKT pathway (PI3K, CDC42, RAC1) showing both significant and specific effects for spreading on COL6. Genetic gain-of-function experiments demonstrated enhanced PI3K/AKT pathway activity was sufficient to confer equivalent cell spreading on other matrices as compared to COL6. We conclude that COL6 has significant and specific effects upon human lung epithelial cell-autonomous functions.
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Ali M, Heyob K, Tipple TE, Pryhuber GS, Rogers LK. Alterations in VASP phosphorylation and profilin1 and cofilin1 expression in hyperoxic lung injury and BPD. Respir Res 2018; 19:229. [PMID: 30463566 PMCID: PMC6249974 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperoxia is a frequently employed therapy for prematurely born infants, induces lung injury and contributes to development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD is characterized by decreased cellular proliferation, cellular migration, and failure of injury repair systems. Actin binding proteins (ABPs) such as VASP, cofilin1, and profilin1 regulate cell proliferation and migration via modulation of actin dynamics. Lung mesenchymal stem cells (L-MSCs) initiate repair processes by proliferating, migrating, and localizing to sites of injury. These processes have not been extensively explored in hyperoxia induced lung injury and repair. METHODS ABPs and CD146+ L-MSCs were analyzed by immunofluorescence in human lung autopsy tissues from infants with and without BPD and by western blot in lung tissue homogenates obtained from our murine model of newborn hyperoxic lung injury. RESULTS Decreased F-actin content, ratio of VASPpS157/VASPpS239, and profilin 1 expression were observed in human lung tissues but this same pattern was not observed in lungs from hyperoxia-exposed newborn mice. Increases in cofilin1 expression were observed in both human and mouse tissues at 7d indicating a dysregulation in actin dynamics which may be related to altered growth. CD146 levels were elevated in human and newborn mice tissues (7d). CONCLUSION Altered phosphorylation of VASP and expression of profilin 1 and cofilin 1 in human tissues indicate that the pathophysiology of BPD involves dysregulation of actin binding proteins. Lack of similar changes in a mouse model of hyperoxia exposure imply that disruption in actin binding protein expression may be linked to interventions or morbidities other than hyperoxia alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob Ali
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 575 Children's Cross Road, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Kathryn Heyob
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 575 Children's Cross Road, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Trent E Tipple
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gloria S Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 575 Children's Cross Road, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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25
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He L, Dong Y, Wu W, Zhang L, Sun B. Protective role of glucocorticosteroid prior to endotoxin exposure in cultured neonatal type II alveolar epithelial cells. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2018; 52:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Vaughan AE, Chapman HA. Failure of Alveolar Type 2 Cell Maintenance Links Neonatal Distress with Adult Lung Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 56:415-416. [PMID: 28362148 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0411ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Vaughan
- 1 Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California-San Francisco San Francisco, California
| | - Harold A Chapman
- 1 Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California-San Francisco San Francisco, California
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Hou A, Fu J, Shi Y, Qiao L, Li J, Xing Y, Xue X. Decreased ZONAB expression promotes excessive transdifferentiation of alveolar epithelial cells in hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2339-2349. [PMID: 29393348 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies by our group have confirmed excessive transdifferentiation of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in a hyperoxia‑induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) model, but the underlying mechanism have remained elusive. The transcription factor zonula occludens 1‑associated nucleic acid binding protein (ZONAB) has the biological functions of inhibition of epithelial cell differentiation and promotion of epithelial cell proliferation. The aim of the present study was to explore the regulatory effect of ZONAB on the transdifferentiation and proliferation of AECs in a model of hyperoxia‑induced lung injury. Newborn Wistar rats were randomly allocated to a model group (inhalation of 85% O2) or a control group (inhalation of normal air), and ZONAB expression in lung tissues was detected at different time‑points. Type II AECs (AEC II) isolated from normal newborn rats were primarily cultured under an atmosphere of 85 or 21% O2, and ZONAB expression in the cells was examined. The primary cells were further transfected with ZONAB plasmid or small interfering (si)RNA and then exposed to hyperoxia, and the indicators for transdifferentiation and proliferation were measured. The present study indicated that ZONAB expression in AEC II of the BPD rats was significantly decreased from 7 days of exposure to hyperoxia onwards. In the AEC II isolated from normal neonatal rats, ZONAB expression in the model group was also reduced compared with that in the control group. After transfection with the plasmid pCMV6‑ZONAB, the expression of aquaporin 5 (type I alveolar epithelial cell marker) decreased and the expression of surfactant protein C (AEC II marker), proliferating‑cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1 increased, which was opposite to the effects of ZONAB siRNA. Transfection with pCMV6‑ZONAB also alleviated excessive transdifferentiation and inhibited proliferation of AEC II induced by hyperoxia treatment. These results suggest that ZONAB expression in AEC II decreases under hyperoxia conditions, which promotes transdifferentiation and inhibits proliferation of AECs. This may, at least in part, be the underlying mechanism of lung epithelial injury in the hyperoxia-induced BPD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Lin Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yujiao Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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28
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Fiaturi N, Russo JW, Nielsen HC, Castellot JJ. CCN5 in alveolar epithelial proliferation and differentiation during neonatal lung oxygen injury. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:217-229. [PMID: 29349730 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung immaturity is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants, especially those born <28 weeks of gestation. These infants are at high risk of developing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), a lung disease caused by insufficient surfactant production and immaturity of saccular/alveolar type II epithelial cells in the lung. RDS treatment includes oxygen and respiratory support that improve survival but also increase the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by arrested alveolarization, airway hyperreactivity, and pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms regulating normal alveolar development and how injury disrupts normal development to cause BPD are not well understood. We examined the role of the matricellular protein CCN5 (Cysteine-rich protein 61/Connective tissue growth factor/Nephroblastoma-overexpressed protein) in the development of BPD. Cultured non-proliferating alveolar type II cells expressed low levels of CCN5 protein, and displayed higher levels during proliferation. siRNA targeting of CCN5 reduced alveolar type II cell proliferation and migration in cell culture. In a mouse model of hyperoxia-induced BPD, CCN5 protein was increased only in proliferating alveolar type I cells. Alveolar epithelial cells co-expressing markers of type II cells and type I cells also appeared. The results suggest that hyperoxic injury in immature lungs induces proliferation of type I cells and trans-differentiation of type II cells into type I cells. We propose that the mechanism of the injury response in BPD includes CCN5 expression. Study of CCN5 in neonatal alveolar injury will further our understanding of BPD pathophysiology while providing a mechanistic foundation for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Fiaturi
- Department of Medical Education, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua W Russo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heber C Nielsen
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J Castellot
- Department of Medical Education, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. .,Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
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29
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Alvira CM, Morty RE. Can We Understand the Pathobiology of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia? J Pediatr 2017; 190:27-37. [PMID: 29144252 PMCID: PMC5726414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Alvira
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94305
| | - Rory E. Morty
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center campus of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany,Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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30
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Zhao M, Tang S, Xin J, Liu D. Influence of reactive oxygen species on secretory component in the intestinal epithelium during hyperoxia. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4033-4040. [PMID: 29075338 PMCID: PMC5648505 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox imbalance is established in various human diseases. Treatment of intestinal epithelial cells with hyperoxia for a prolonged period of time may cause serious effects on redox balance. Secretory component (SC) protein is secreted by intestinal epithelial cells, and has a vital role in mucosal immune systems and intestinal defense. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal epithelial SC protein under hyperoxic conditions. Caco-2 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 85% O2 (hyperoxia) for 24 h. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry staining, western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the expression levels of SC protein. Significantly increased apoptosis and mortality rates were observed in hyperoxia- and H2O2-treated Caco-2 cells, as compared with the untreated control cells (P<0.05). Protein and mRNA expression levels of SC were significantly increased in hyperoxia- and H2O2-treated groups, as compared with the control group (P<0.05). During hyperoxia, intestinal epithelial cells were destroyed and ROS levels increased. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that ROS might have an important role in intestinal injury in hyperoxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Shimiao Tang
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Junchi Xin
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
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31
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Shafa M, Ionescu LI, Vadivel A, Collins JJP, Xu L, Zhong S, Kang M, de Caen G, Daneshmand M, Shi J, Fu KZ, Qi A, Wang Y, Ellis J, Stanford WL, Thébaud B. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived lung progenitor and alveolar epithelial cells attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Cytotherapy 2017; 20:108-125. [PMID: 29056548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by disrupted lung growth, is the most common complication in extreme premature infants. BPD leads to persistent pulmonary disease later in life. Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), a subset of which represent distal lung progenitor cells (LPCs), promote normal lung growth and repair. AEC2 depletion may contribute to persistent lung injury in BPD. We hypothesized that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived AECs prevent lung damage in experimental oxygen-induced BPD. METHODS Mouse AECs (mAECs), miPSCs/mouse embryonic stem sells, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUCMSCs), human (h)iPSCs, hiPSC-derived LPCs and hiPSC-derived AECs were delivered intratracheally to hyperoxia-exposed newborn mice. Cells were pre-labeled with a red fluorescent dye for in vivo tracking. RESULTS Airway delivery of primary mAECs and undifferentiated murine pluripotent cells prevented hyperoxia-induced impairment in lung function and alveolar growth in neonatal mice. Similar to hUCMSC therapy, undifferentiated hiPSCs also preserved lung function and alveolar growth in hyperoxia-exposed neonatal NOD/SCID mice. Long-term assessment of hiPSC administration revealed local teratoma formation and cellular infiltration in various organs. To develop a clinically relevant cell therapy, we used a highly efficient method to differentiate hiPSCs into a homogenous population of AEC2s. Airway delivery of hiPSC-derived AEC2s and hiPSC-derived LPCs, improved lung function and structure and resulted in long-term engraftment without evidence of tumor formation. CONCLUSIONS hiPSC-derived AEC2 therapy appears effective and safe in this model and warrants further exploration as a therapeutic option for BPD and other lung diseases characterized by AEC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shafa
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Arul Vadivel
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jennifer J P Collins
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liqun Xu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shumei Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Martin Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Geneviève de Caen
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Manijeh Daneshmand
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jenny Shi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Katherine Z Fu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Andrew Qi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ying Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - James Ellis
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - William L Stanford
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
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32
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Yee M, Domm W, Gelein R, Bentley KLDM, Kottmann RM, Sime PJ, Lawrence BP, O'Reilly MA. Alternative Progenitor Lineages Regenerate the Adult Lung Depleted of Alveolar Epithelial Type 2 Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:453-464. [PMID: 27967234 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0150oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An aberrant oxygen environment at birth increases the severity of respiratory viral infections later in life through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we show that alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) 2 cells (AEC2s), progenitors for AEC1 cells, are depleted in adult mice exposed to neonatal hypoxia or hyperoxia. Airway cells expressing surfactant protein (SP)-C and ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3, alveolar pod cells expressing keratin (KRT) 5, and pulmonary fibrosis were observed when these mice were infected with a sublethal dose of HKx31, H3N2 influenza A virus. This was not seen in infected siblings birthed into room air. Genetic lineage tracing studies in mice exposed to neonatal hypoxia or hyperoxia revealed pre-existing secretoglobin 1a1+ cells produced airway cells expressing SP-C and ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3. Pre-existing Kr5+ progenitor cells produced squamous alveolar cells expressing receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, aquaporin 5, and T1α in alveoli devoid of AEC2s. They were not the source of KRT5+ alveolar pod cells. These oxygen-dependent changes in epithelial cell regeneration and fibrosis could be recapitulated by conditionally depleting AEC2s in mice using diphtheria A toxin and then infecting with influenza A virus. Likewise, airway cells expressing SP-C and alveolar cells expressing KRT5 were observed in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. These findings suggest that alternative progenitor lineages are mobilized to regenerate the alveolar epithelium when AEC2s are severely injured or depleted by previous insults, such as an adverse oxygen environment at birth. Because these lineages regenerate AECs in spatially distinct compartments of a lung undergoing fibrosis, they may not be sufficient to prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R Matthew Kottmann
- 4 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Patricia J Sime
- 4 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
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33
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Forred BJ, Daugaard DR, Titus BK, Wood RR, Floen MJ, Booze ML, Vitiello PF. Detoxification of Mitochondrial Oxidants and Apoptotic Signaling Are Facilitated by Thioredoxin-2 and Peroxiredoxin-3 during Hyperoxic Injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168777. [PMID: 28045936 PMCID: PMC5207683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a fundamental role in the regulation of cell death during accumulation of oxidants. High concentrations of atmospheric oxygen (hyperoxia), used clinically to treat tissue hypoxia in premature newborns, is known to elicit oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury to pulmonary epithelial cells. A consequence of oxidative stress in mitochondria is the accumulation of peroxides which are detoxified by the dedicated mitochondrial thioredoxin system. This system is comprised of the oxidoreductase activities of peroxiredoxin-3 (Prx3), thioredoxin-2 (Trx2), and thioredoxin reductase-2 (TrxR2). The goal of this study was to understand the role of the mitochondrial thioredoxin system and mitochondrial injuries during hyperoxic exposure. Flow analysis of the redox-sensitive, mitochondrial-specific fluorophore, MitoSOX, indicated increased levels of mitochondrial oxidant formation in human adenocarcinoma cells cultured in 95% oxygen. Increased expression of Trx2 and TrxR2 in response to hyperoxia were not attributable to changes in mitochondrial mass, suggesting that hyperoxic upregulation of mitochondrial thioredoxins prevents accumulation of oxidized Prx3. Mitochondrial oxidoreductase activities were modulated through pharmacological inhibition of TrxR2 with auranofin and genetically through shRNA knockdown of Trx2 and Prx3. Diminished Trx2 and Prx3 expression was associated with accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide; however, only shRNA knockdown of Trx2 increased susceptibility to hyperoxic cell death and increased phosphorylation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1). In conclusion, the mitochondrial thioredoxin system regulates hyperoxic-mediated death of pulmonary epithelial cells through detoxification of oxidants and regulation of redox-dependent apoptotic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Forred
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Darwin R. Daugaard
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Brianna K. Titus
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Ryan R. Wood
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Miranda J. Floen
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Michelle L. Booze
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Peter F. Vitiello
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
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Nardiello C, Mižíková I, Silva DM, Ruiz-Camp J, Mayer K, Vadász I, Herold S, Seeger W, Morty RE. Standardisation of oxygen exposure in the development of mouse models for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Dis Model Mech 2016; 10:185-196. [PMID: 28067624 PMCID: PMC5312005 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.027086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in developing new therapies for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is sometimes complicated by the lack of a standardised animal model. Our objective was to develop a robust hyperoxia-based mouse model of BPD that recapitulated the pathological perturbations to lung structure noted in infants with BPD. Newborn mouse pups were exposed to a varying fraction of oxygen in the inspired air (FiO2) and a varying window of hyperoxia exposure, after which lung structure was assessed by design-based stereology with systemic uniform random sampling. The efficacy of a candidate therapeutic intervention using parenteral nutrition was evaluated to demonstrate the utility of the standardised BPD model for drug discovery. An FiO2 of 0.85 for the first 14 days of life decreased total alveoli number and concomitantly increased alveolar septal wall thickness, which are two key histopathological characteristics of BPD. A reduction in FiO2 to 0.60 or 0.40 also caused a decrease in the total alveoli number, but the septal wall thickness was not impacted. Neither a decreasing oxygen gradient (from FiO2 0.85 to 0.21 over the first 14 days of life) nor an oscillation in FiO2 (between 0.85 and 0.40 on a 24 h:24 h cycle) had an appreciable impact on lung development. The risk of missing beneficial effects of therapeutic interventions at FiO2 0.85, using parenteral nutrition as an intervention in the model, was also noted, highlighting the utility of lower FiO2 in selected studies, and underscoring the need to tailor the model employed to the experimental intervention. Thus, a state-of-the-art BPD animal model that recapitulates the two histopathological hallmark perturbations to lung architecture associated with BPD is described. The model presented here, where injurious stimuli have been systematically evaluated, provides a most promising approach for the development of new strategies to drive postnatal lung maturation in affected infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Nardiello
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ivana Mižíková
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Diogo M Silva
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jordi Ruiz-Camp
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany .,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
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35
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Zhang L, Zhao S, Yuan L, Wu H, Jiang H, Luo G. Placental Growth Factor Triggers Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition-like Changes in Rat Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells: Activation of Nuclear Factor κB Signalling Pathway. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 119:498-504. [PMID: 27154788 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Neonatology; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics; Shenyang Fourth People's Hospital; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Lijie Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Harbin Medical University (Daqing Campus); Daqing Heilongjiang China
| | - Hongmin Wu
- Department of Neonatology; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Pediatrics; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
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36
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Namba F, Ogawa R, Ito M, Watanabe T, Dennery PA, Tamura M. Sex-related differences in long-term pulmonary outcomes of neonatal hyperoxia in mice. Exp Lung Res 2016; 42:57-65. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2016.1141264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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37
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Yee M, Gelein R, Mariani TJ, Lawrence BP, O'Reilly MA. The Oxygen Environment at Birth Specifies the Population of Alveolar Epithelial Stem Cells in the Adult Lung. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1396-406. [PMID: 26891117 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AEC2) maintain pulmonary homeostasis by producing surfactant, expressing innate immune molecules, and functioning as adult progenitor cells for themselves and alveolar epithelial type I cells (AEC1). How the proper number of alveolar epithelial cells is determined in the adult lung is not well understood. Here, BrdU labeling, genetic lineage tracing, and targeted expression of the anti-oxidant extracellular superoxide dismutase in AEC2s are used to show how the oxygen environment at birth influences postnatal expansion of AEC2s and AEC1s in mice. Birth into low (12%) or high (≥60%) oxygen stimulated expansion of AEC2s through self-renewal and differentiation of the airway Scgb1a1 + lineage. This non-linear or hormesis response to oxygen was specific for the alveolar epithelium because low oxygen stimulated and high oxygen inhibited angiogenesis as defined by changes in V-cadherin and PECAM (CD31). Although genetic lineage tracing studies confirmed adult AEC2s are stem cells for AEC1s, we found no evidence that postnatal growth of AEC1s were derived from self-renewing Sftpc + or the Scbg1a1 + lineage of AEC2s. Taken together, our results show how a non-linear response to oxygen at birth promotes expansion of AEC2s through two distinct lineages. Since neither lineage contributes to the postnatal expansion of AEC1s, the ability of AEC2s to function as stem cells for AEC1s appears to be restricted to the adult lung. Stem Cells 2016;34:1396-1406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yee
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Robert Gelein
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Thomas J Mariani
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - B Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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38
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Xu W, Xu B, Zhao Y, Yang N, Liu C, Wen G, Zhang B. Wnt5a reverses the inhibitory effect of hyperoxia on transdifferentiation of alveolar epithelial type II cells to type I cells. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:823-38. [PMID: 26547443 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transdifferentiation of alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECIIs) to type I cells (AECIs) is critical for reestablishment and maintenance of an intact alveolar epithelium. However, this process is frequently destroyed by hyperoxia treatment, which is commonly used in respiratory distress syndrome therapy in preterm infants. Wnt5a is considered to participate in this physiopathologic process, but the clear mechanisms still need to be further investigated. In this study, preterm rats and primary rat AECIIs were exposed to hyperoxia. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to examine the histological changes of the lungs. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to examine Wnt5a expression and biomarkers of AECII and AECI expression. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were also used to determine the expression and location of selected biomarkers. Furthermore, AECIIs transfected with Wnt5a gene and exogenous Wnt5a were used to examine whether Wnt5a contributes to the transdifferentiation of AECIIs to AECIs. Results showed that hyperoxia inhibited the transdifferentiation of AECIIs to AECIs in vitro, which is represented by biomarkers of two types of cell that remained unchanged. In addition, Wnt5a protein expression was found to be decreased after hyperoxia exposure in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, both the overexpression of Wnt5a and exogenous Wnt5a addition blocked the inhibitory effect of hyperoxia in vitro. In conclusion, our results suggest that the transdifferentiation of AECIIs to AECIs is impaired by hyperoxia, and this process may be associated with Wnt5a downregulation. Targeting Wnt5a may have the potential for the therapy of lung injury in preterm infants induced by hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfu Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Binglun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China
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Domm W, Misra RS, O'Reilly MA. Affect of Early Life Oxygen Exposure on Proper Lung Development and Response to Respiratory Viral Infections. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:55. [PMID: 26322310 PMCID: PMC4530667 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Children born preterm often exhibit reduced lung function and increased severity of response to respiratory viruses, suggesting that premature birth has compromised proper development of the respiratory epithelium and innate immune defenses. Increasing evidence suggests that premature birth promotes aberrant lung development likely due to the neonatal oxygen transition occurring before pulmonary development has matured. Given that preterm infants are born at a point of time where their immune system is also still developing, early life oxygen exposure may also be disrupting proper development of innate immunity. Here, we review current literature in hopes of stimulating research that enhances understanding of how the oxygen environment at birth influences lung development and host defense. This knowledge may help identify those children at risk for disease and ideally culminate in the development of novel therapies that improve their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Domm
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester , Rochester, NY , USA ; Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester , Rochester, NY , USA
| | - Ravi S Misra
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester , Rochester, NY , USA
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester , Rochester, NY , USA ; Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Rochester , Rochester, NY , USA
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40
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Ramani M, Bradley WE, Dell'Italia LJ, Ambalavanan N. Early exposure to hyperoxia or hypoxia adversely impacts cardiopulmonary development. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:594-602. [PMID: 25255042 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0491oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants are at high risk for long-term abnormalities in cardiopulmonary function. Our objectives were to determine the long-term effects of hypoxia or hyperoxia on cardiopulmonary development and function in an immature animal model. Newborn C57BL/6 mice were exposed to air, hypoxia (12% oxygen), or hyperoxia (85% oxygen) from Postnatal Day 2-14, and then returned to air for 10 weeks (n = 2 litters per condition; > 10/group). Echocardiography, blood pressure, lung function, and lung development were evaluated at 12-14 weeks of age. Lungs from hyperoxia- or hypoxia-exposed mice were larger and more compliant (compliance: air, 0.034 ± 0.001 ml/cm H2O; hypoxia, 0.049 ± 0.002 ml/cm H2O; hyperoxia, 0.053 ± 0.002 ml/cm H2O; P < 0.001 air versus others). Increased airway reactivity, reduced bronchial M2 receptor staining, and increased bronchial α-smooth muscle actin content were noted in hyperoxia-exposed mice (maximal total lung resistance with methacholine: air, 1.89 ± 0.17 cm H2O ⋅ s/ml; hypoxia, 1.52 ± 0.34 cm H2O ⋅ s/ml; hyperoxia, 4.19 ± 0.77 cm H2O ⋅ s/ml; P < 0.004 air versus hyperoxia). Hyperoxia- or hypoxia-exposed mice had larger and fewer alveoli (mean linear intercept: air, 40.2 ± 0. 0.8 μm; hypoxia, 76.4 ± 2.4 μm; hyperoxia, 95.6 ± 4.6 μm; P < 0.001 air versus others; radial alveolar count [n]: air, 11.1 ± 0.4; hypoxia, 5.7 ± 0.3; hyperoxia, 5.6 ± 0.3; P < 0.001 air versus others). Hyperoxia-exposed adult mice had left ventricular dysfunction without systemic hypertension. In conclusion, exposure of newborn mice to hyperoxia or hypoxia leads to cardiopulmonary abnormalities in adult life, similar to that described in ex-preterm infants. This animal model may help to identify underlying mechanisms and to develop therapeutic strategies for pulmonary morbidity in former preterm infants.
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41
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Chetty A, Bennett M, Dang L, Nakamura D, Cao GJ, Mujahid S, Volpe M, Herman I, Becerra SP, Nielsen HC. Pigment epithelium-derived factor mediates impaired lung vascular development in neonatal hyperoxia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:295-303. [PMID: 25054647 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0229oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease of preterm infants characterized by arrested microvascularization and alveolarization. Studies show the importance of proangiogenic factors for alveolarization, but the importance of antiangiogenic factors is unknown. We proposed that hyperoxia increases the potent angiostatin, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), in neonatal lungs, inhibiting alveolarization and microvascularization. Wild-type (WT) and PEDF(-/-) mice were exposed to room air (RA) or 0.9 fraction of inspired oxygen from Postnatal Day 5 to 13. PEDF protein was increased in hyperoxic lungs compared with RA-exposed lungs (P < 0.05). In situ hybridization and immunofluorescence identified PEDF production primarily in alveolar epithelium. Hyperoxia reduced alveolarization in WT mice (P < 0.05) but not in PEDF(-/-) mice. WT hyperoxic mice had fewer platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-positive cells per alveolus (1.4 ± 0.4) than RA-exposed mice (4.3 ± 0.3; P < 0.05); this reduction was absent in hyperoxic PEDF(-/-) mice. The interactive regulation of lung microvascularization by vascular endothelial growth factor and PEDF was studied in vitro using MFLM-91U cells, a fetal mouse lung endothelial cell line. Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulation of proliferation, migration, and capillary tube formation was inhibited by PEDF. MFLM-91U cells exposed to conditioned medium (CM) from E17 fetal mouse lung type II (T2) cells cultured in 0.9 fraction of inspired oxygen formed fewer capillary tubes than CM from T2 cells cultured in RA (hyperoxia CM, 51 ± 10% of RA CM, P < 0.05), an effect abolished by PEDF antibody. We conclude that PEDF mediates reduced vasculogenesis and alveolarization in neonatal hyperoxia. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia likely results from an altered balance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chetty
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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42
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Hou A, Fu J, Yang H, Zhu Y, Pan Y, Xu S, Xue X. Hyperoxia stimulates the transdifferentiation of type II alveolar epithelial cells in newborn rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L861-72. [PMID: 25681436 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00099.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental oxygen treatment in preterm infants may cause bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is characterized by alveolar simplification and vascular disorganization. Despite type II alveolar epithelial cell (AEC II) damage being reported previously, we found no decrease in the AEC II-specific marker, surfactant protein C (SP-C), in the BPD model in our previous study. We thus speculated that AEC II injury is not a unique mechanism of BPD-related pulmonary epithelial repair dysfunction and that abnormal transdifferentiation can exist. Newborn rats were randomly assigned to model (85% oxygen inhalation) and control groups (room air inhalation). Expressions of AEC I (aquaporin 5, T1α) and AEC II markers (SP-C, SP-B) were detected at three levels: 1) in intact lung tissue, 2) in AEC II isolated from rats in the two groups, and 3) in AEC II isolated from newborn rats, which were further cultured under either hyperoxic or normoxic conditions. In the model group, increased AEC I was observed at both the tissue and cell level, and markedly increased transdifferentiation was observed by immunofluorescent double staining. Transmission electron microscopy revealed morphological changes in alveolar epithelium such as damaged AECs, a fused air-blood barrier structure, and opened tight junctions in the model group. These findings indicate that transdifferentiation of AECs is not suppressed but rather is increased under hyperoxic treatment by compensation; however, such repair during injury cannot offset pulmonary epithelial air exchange and barrier dysfunction caused by structural damage to AECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqing Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyan Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Bhattacharya S, Zhou Z, Yee M, Chu CY, Lopez AM, Lunger VA, Solleti SK, Resseguie E, Buczynski B, Mariani TJ, O'Reilly MA. The genome-wide transcriptional response to neonatal hyperoxia identifies Ahr as a key regulator. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L516-23. [PMID: 25150061 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00200.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature infants requiring supplemental oxygen are at increased risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Rodent models involving neonatal exposure to excessive oxygen concentrations (hyperoxia) have helped to identify mechanisms of BPD-associated pathology. Genome-wide assessments of the effects of hyperoxia in neonatal mouse lungs could identify novel BPD-related genes and pathways. Newborn C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 100% oxygen for 10 days, and whole lung tissue RNA was used for high-throughput, sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis (RNA-Seq). Significance Analysis of Microarrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were used to identify genes and pathways affected. Expression patterns for selected genes were validated by qPCR. Mechanistic relationships between genes were further tested in cultured mouse lung epithelial cells. We identified 300 genes significantly and substantially affected following acute neonatal hyperoxia. Canonical pathways dysregulated in hyperoxia lungs included nuclear factor (erythryoid-derived-2)-like 2-mediated oxidative stress signaling, p53 signaling, eNOS signaling, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) pathways. Cluster analysis identified Ccnd1, Cdkn1a, and Ahr as critical regulatory nodes in the response to hyperoxia, with Ahr serving as the major effector node. A mechanistic role for Ahr was assessed in lung epithelial cells, and we confirmed its ability to regulate the expression of multiple hyperoxia markers, including Cdkn1a, Pdgfrb, and A2m. We conclude that a global assessment of gene regulation in the acute neonatal hyperoxia model of BPD-like pathology has identified Ahr as one driver of gene dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyaroop Bhattacharya
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Zhongyang Zhou
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Min Yee
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Perinatal and Pediatric Origins of Disease Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Chin-Yi Chu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Ashley M Lopez
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Valerie A Lunger
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Siva Kumar Solleti
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Emily Resseguie
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Perinatal and Pediatric Origins of Disease Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Bradley Buczynski
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Perinatal and Pediatric Origins of Disease Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Thomas J Mariani
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Perinatal and Pediatric Origins of Disease Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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44
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Silveyra P, Chroneos ZC, DiAngelo SL, Thomas NJ, Noutsios GT, Tsotakos N, Howrylak JA, Umstead TM, Floros J. Knockdown of Drosha in human alveolar type II cells alters expression of SP-A in culture: a pilot study. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:354-66. [PMID: 25058539 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.929757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in surfactant metabolism and lung innate immunity. SP-A is synthesized and secreted by alveolar type II (ATII) cells, one of the two cell types of the distal lung epithelium (ATII and ATI). We have shown that miRNA interactions with sequence polymorphisms on the SP-A mRNA 3'UTRs mediate differential expression of SP-A1 and SP-A2 gene variants in vitro. In the present study, we describe a physiologically relevant model to study miRNA regulation of SP-A in human ATII. For these studies, we purified and cultured human ATII on an air-liquid interface matrix (A/L) or plastic wells without matrix (P). Gene expression analyses confirmed that cells cultured in A/L maintained the ATII phenotype for over 5 days, whereas P-cultured cells differentiated to ATI. When we transfected ATII with siRNAs to inhibit the expression of Drosha, a critical effector of miRNA maturation, the levels of SP-A mRNA and protein increased in a time dependent manner. We next characterized cultured ATII and ATI by studying expression of 1,066 human miRNAs using miRNA PCR arrays. We detected expression of >300 miRNAs with 24 miRNAs differentially expressed in ATII versus ATI, 12 of which predicted to bind SP-A 3'UTRs, indicating that these may be implicated in SP-A downregulation in ATI. Thus, miRNAs not only affect SP-A expression, but also may contribute to the maintenance of the ATII cell phenotype and/or the trans-differentiation of ATII to ATI cells, and may represent new molecular markers that distinguish ATII and ATI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Silveyra
- 1Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania , USA
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45
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Regal JF, Lawrence BP, Johnson AC, Lojovich SJ, O’Reilly MA. Neonatal oxygen exposure alters airway hyper-responsiveness but not the response to allergen challenge in adult mice. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2014; 25:180-6. [PMID: 24520985 PMCID: PMC3976144 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants born prematurely are often treated with supplemental oxygen, which can increase their risk for airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), asthma, reduced lung function, and altered responses to respiratory viral infections later in childhood. Likewise, exposure of newborn mice to hyperoxia alters baseline pulmonary mechanics and the host response to influenza A virus infection in adult mice. Here, we use this mouse model to test the hypothesis that neonatal hyperoxia also promotes AHR and exacerbated allergen-induced symptoms in adult mice. METHODS Baseline lung mechanics and AHR measured by methacholine provocation were assessed in adult male and female mice exposed to room air or 100% oxygen (hyperoxia) between post-natal days 0-4. AHR and lung inflammation were evaluated after adult female mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) plus alum and challenged with aerosolized OVA. RESULTS Baseline lung compliance increased and resistance decreased in adult female, but not male, mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia compared with siblings exposed to room air. Neonatal hyperoxia significantly enhanced methacholine-induced AHR in female mice, but did not affect allergen-induced AHR to methacholine or lung inflammation. CONCLUSION Increased incidence of AHR and asthma is reported in children born prematurely and exposed to supplemental oxygen. Our findings in adult female mice exposed to hyperoxia as neonates suggest that this AHR reported in children born prematurely may reflect non-atopic wheezing due to intrinsic structural changes in airway development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean F. Regal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - B. Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Alex C. Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah J. Lojovich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael A. O’Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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Rozycki HJ. Potential contribution of type I alveolar epithelial cells to chronic neonatal lung disease. Front Pediatr 2014; 2:45. [PMID: 24904906 PMCID: PMC4032902 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2014.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The alveolar surface is covered by large flat Type I cells (alveolar epithelial cells 1, AEC1). The normal physiological function of AEC1s involves gas exchange, based on their location in approximation to the capillary endothelium and their thinness, and in ion and water flux, as shown by the presence of solute active transport proteins, water channels, and impermeable tight junctions between cells. With the recent ability to produce relatively pure cultures of AEC1 cells, new functions have been described. These may be relevant to lung injury, repair, and the abnormal development that characterizes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). To hypothesize a potential role for AEC1 in the development of lung injury and abnormal repair/development in premature lungs, evidence is presented for their presence in the developing lung, how their source may not be the Type II cell (AEC2) as has been assumed for 40 years, and how the cell can be damaged by same type of stressors as those which lead to BPD. Recent work shows that the cells are part of the innate immune response, capable of producing pro-inflammatory mediators, which could contribute to the increase in inflammation seen in early BPD. One of the receptors found exclusively on AEC1 cells in the lung, called RAGE, may also have a role in increased inflammation and alveolar simplification. While the current evidence for AEC1 involvement in BPD is circumstantial and limited at present, the accumulating data supports several hypotheses and questions regarding potential differences in the behavior of AEC1 cells from newborn and premature lung compared with the adult lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Rozycki
- Division of Neonatal Medicine, Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
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