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Niu Z, Sha J, Zhu D, Meng C. Investigation and Characterization of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway and Other Signaling Pathways in Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39353408 DOI: 10.1159/000541041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical outcomes of drug treatments and surgical interventions for chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) are suboptimal, and the high recurrence rate remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Targeted therapies such as biologics provide new perspectives and directions for treating CRSwNP. SUMMARY With the continuous investigation of signaling pathways, RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and other signaling pathways including Hippo, JAK-STAT, Wnt, TGF-β, PI3K, Notch, and NF-κB were confirmed to play an important role in the progression of CRSwNP. Among them, the abnormality of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is accompanied by the abnormality of this apoptotic component, which may provide new research directions for targeting the components of signaling pathways to mediate apoptosis. KEY MESSAGES Abnormalities in signaling pathways are particularly important in studying the pathogenesis and treatment of CRSwNP. Therefore, this review summarizes the ongoing investigation and characterization of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and other signaling pathways in CRSwNP, which provides constructive ideas and directions for improving the treatment of CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipu Niu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Norman Bethune Third School of Jilin University), Changchun, China
| | - Jichao Sha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Norman Bethune Third School of Jilin University), Changchun, China
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Norman Bethune Third School of Jilin University), Changchun, China
| | - Cuida Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Norman Bethune Third School of Jilin University), Changchun, China
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Khayer N, Jalessi M, Farhadi M, Azad Z. S100a9 might act as a modulator of the Toll-like receptor 4 transduction pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9722. [PMID: 38678138 PMCID: PMC11055867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by persistent nasal and sinus mucosa inflammation. Despite significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, there are limited effective treatment options for such a disease. Therefore, identifying causal genes and dysregulated pathways paves the way for novel therapeutic interventions. In the current study, a three-way interaction approach was used to detect dynamic co-expression interactions involved in CRSwNP. In this approach, the internal evolution of the co-expression relation between a pair of genes (X, Y) was captured under a change in the expression profile of a third gene (Z), named the switch gene. Subsequently, the biological relevancy of the statistically significant triplets was confirmed using both gene set enrichment analysis and gene regulatory network reconstruction. Finally, the importance of identified switch genes was confirmed using a random forest model. The results suggested four dysregulated pathways in CRSwNP, including "positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction", "arachidonic acid metabolic process", "spermatogenesis" and "negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process". Additionally, the S100a9 as a switch gene together with the gene pair {Cd14, Tpd52l1} form a biologically relevant triplet. More specifically, we suggested that S100a9 might act as a potential upstream modulator in toll-like receptor 4 transduction pathway in the major CRSwNP pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Khayer
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Jalessi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Rasoul Akram Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Azad
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu Y, Lv W, Wang W. Uncovering the Cellular Microenvironment in Chronic Rhinosinusitis via Single-Cell RNA Sequencing: Application and Future Directions. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:210-222. [PMID: 38687404 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogenic disease characterized by persistent mucosal inflammation of the upper airway. Researches of CRS have progressed from phenotype-based to endotype-based, looking more deeply into molecular biomarkers, signaling pathways, and immune microenvironment. Single-cell RNA sequencing is an effective tool in analyzing composition, function, and interaction of cells in disease microenvironment at transcriptome level, showing great advantage in analyzing potential biomarkers, pathogenesis, and heterogeneity of chronic airway inflammation in an unbiased manner. In this article, we will review the latest advances in scRNA-seq studies of CRS to provide new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of this heterogeneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Huang GX, Mandanas MV, Djeddi S, Fernandez-Salinas D, Gutierrez-Arcelus M, Barrett NA. Increased glycolysis and cellular crosstalk in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1321560. [PMID: 38444858 PMCID: PMC10912276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sinonasal mucosa with distinct endotypes including type 2 (T2) high eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP), T2 low non-eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (neCRSwNP), and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Methods Given the heterogeneity of disease, we hypothesized that assessment of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) across this spectrum of disease would reveal connections between infiltrating and activated immune cells and the epithelial and stromal populations that reside in sinonasal tissue. Results Here we find increased expression of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes in epithelial cells (EpCs), stromal cells, and memory T-cell subsets from patients with eCRSwNP, as compared to healthy controls. In basal EpCs, this is associated with a program of cell motility and Rho GTPase effector expression. Across both stromal and immune subsets, glycolytic programming was associated with extracellular matrix interactions, proteoglycan generation, and collagen formation. Furthermore, we report increased cell-cell interactions between EpCs and stromal/immune cells in eCRSwNP compared to healthy control tissue, and we nominate candidate receptor-ligand pairs that may drive tissue remodeling. Discussion These findings support a role for glycolytic reprograming in T2-elicited tissue remodeling and implicate increased cellular crosstalk in eCRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- George X. Huang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael V. Mandanas
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah Djeddi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Daniela Fernandez-Salinas
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Nora A. Barrett
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Cooney RA, Saal ML, Geraci KP, Maynard C, Cleaver O, Hoang ON, Moore TT, Hwang RF, Axelrod JD, Vladar EK. A WNT4- and DKK3-driven canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling switch controls multiciliogenesis. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260807. [PMID: 37505110 PMCID: PMC10482387 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells contain hundreds of cilia whose directional movement powers the mucociliary clearance of the airways, a vital host defense mechanism. Multiciliated cell specification requires canonical Wnt signaling, which then must be turned off. Next, ciliogenesis and polarized ciliary orientation are regulated by noncanonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (Wnt/PCP) signaling. The mechanistic relationship between the Wnt pathways is unknown. We show that DKK3, a secreted canonical Wnt regulator and WNT4, a noncanonical Wnt ligand act together to facilitate a canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling switch during multiciliated cell formation. In primary human airway epithelial cells, DKK3 and WNT4 CRISPR knockout blocks, whereas ectopic expression promotes, multiciliated cell formation by inhibiting canonical Wnt signaling. Wnt4 and Dkk3 single-knockout mice also display defective ciliated cells. DKK3 and WNT4 are co-secreted from basal stem cells and act directly on multiciliated cells via KREMEN1 and FZD6, respectively. We provide a novel mechanism that links specification to cilium biogenesis and polarization for proper multiciliated cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley A. Cooney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maxwell L. Saal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kara P. Geraci
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Caitlin Maynard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Oanh N. Hoang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Todd T. Moore
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rosa F. Hwang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Axelrod
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Eszter K. Vladar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Yuan J, Wang M, Wang C, Zhang L. Epithelial cell dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:959-968. [PMID: 37386882 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2232113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a type of epithelial cell dysfunction, which is widely present in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), especially CRS with nasal polyps, and contributes to pathogenesis of the disease. EMT is mediated via complex mechanisms associated with multiple signaling pathways. AREAS COVERED We have summarized the underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways promoting EMT in CRS. Strategies or drugs/agents targeting the genes and pathways related to the regulation of EMT are also discussed for their potential use in the treatment of CRS and asthma. A literature search of studies published in English from 2000 to 2023 was conducted using the PubMed database, employing CRS, EMT, signaling, mechanisms, targeting agents/drugs, as individual or combinations of search terms. EXPERT OPINION EMT in nasal epithelium not only leads to epithelial cell dysfunction but also plays an important role in nasal tissue remodeling in CRS. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying EMT and the development of drugs/agents targeting these mechanisms may provide new treatment strategies for CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Chengshuo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
- Department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Role of Nasal Fibroblasts in Airway Remodeling of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: The Modulating Functions Reexamined. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044017. [PMID: 36835423 PMCID: PMC9965487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the nose and sinuses that affects more than 10% of the adult population worldwide. Currently, CRS is classified into endotypes according to the inflammatory response (Th1, Th2, and Th17) or the distribution of immune cells in the mucosa (eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic). CRS induces mucosal tissue remodeling. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, fibrin deposition, edema, immune cell infiltration, and angiogenesis are observed in the stromal region. Conversely, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), goblet cell hyperplasia, and increased epithelial permeability, hyperplasia, and metaplasia are found in the epithelium. Fibroblasts synthesize collagen and ECM, which create a structural skeleton of tissue and play an important role in the wound-healing process. This review discusses recent knowledge regarding the modulation of tissue remodeling by nasal fibroblasts in CRS.
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He Y, Fu Y, Wu Y, Zhu T, Li H. Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1139240. [PMID: 37138733 PMCID: PMC10149833 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1139240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical syndrome primarily characterized by long-term mucosal inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses. The pathogenesis of CRS is still unclear due to its high heterogeneity. A number of studies have recently focused on the sinonasal epithelium. Thus, there has been a quantum leap in awareness of the role of the sinonasal epithelium, which is now understood as an active functional organ rather than simply an inert mechanical barrier. Undoubtedly, epithelial dysfunction plays a vital role in the onset and development of CRS. Objective In this article, we discuss the potential contribution of sinonasal epithelium dysfunction to CRS pathogenesis and explore a few current and developing therapeutic options targeting the sinonasal epithelium. Results Impaired mucociliary clearance (MCC) and an abnormal sinonasal epithelial barrier are usually considered to be the main causative factors in CRS. Epithelial-derived bioactive substances, such as cytokines, exosomes, and complements, play a vital role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and contribute to the pathophysiological alterations of CRS. The phenomena of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mucosal remodeling, and autophagy observed in CRS offer some novel insights into the pathogenesis of this disease. In addition, existing treatment options targeting disorder of sinonasal epithelium can help to relieve the main symptoms associated with CRS to some extent. Conclusion The presence of a normal epithelium is fundamental for maintaining homeostasis in the nasal and paranasal sinuses. Here, we describe various aspects of the sinonasal epithelium and highlight the contributions of epithelial dysfunction to CRS pathogenesis. Our review provides sound evidence of the need for in-depth study of the pathophysiological alterations of this disease and for the development of novel epithelium-targeting alternative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiong He
- School of Heath Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijie Fu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- School of Heath Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianmin Zhu
- School of Heath Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li
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Czerwaty K, Piszczatowska K, Brzost J, Ludwig N, Szczepański MJ, Dżaman K. Immunological Aspects of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102361. [PMID: 36292050 PMCID: PMC9600442 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is related to persistent inflammation with a dysfunctional relationship between environmental agents and the host immune system. Disturbances in the functioning of the sinus mucosa lead to common clinical symptoms. The major processes involved in the pathogenesis of CRS include airway epithelial dysfunctions that are influenced by external and host-derived factors which activate multiple immunological mechanisms. The molecular bases for CRS remain unclear, although some factors commonly correspond to the disease: bacterial, fungal and viral infections, comorbidity diseases, genetic dysfunctions, and immunodeficiency. Additionally, air pollution leads increased severity of symptoms. CRS is a heterogeneous group of sinus diseases with different clinical courses and response to treatment. Immunological pathways vary depending on the endotype or genotype of the patient. The recent knowledge expansion into mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CRS is leading to a steadily increasing significance of precision medicine in the treatment of CRS. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the immunological aspects of CRS, which are essential for ensuring more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czerwaty
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Brzost
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mirosław J. Szczepański
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Karolina Dżaman
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
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XBP1 Regulates the Transcription of HIF-1a in BALB/c Mice with Chronic Rhinosinusitis without Polyps. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:3066456. [PMID: 35915851 PMCID: PMC9338878 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3066456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is a transcription factor that recognizes the CRE-like element in enhancers of human T-cell leukemia virus and MHC class II gene and induces their transcription. This study was performed to characterize the function of XBP1, which was identified to be a differentially expressed gene via GEO database, in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). XBP1 expression was significantly elevated in both CRSsNP patients and mice who were accompanied with mucosal thickening, goblet cell hyperplasia and chemosis, glandular hyperplasia, and dense infiltration of inflammatory cells. Silencing of XBP1 suppressed the development of CRSsNP in mice. Mechanistically, knockdown of XBP1 downregulated the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1a), and overexpression of XBP1 led to the opposite result. Silencing of HIF-1a inhibited β-catenin expression and impaired the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further overexpression of HIF-1a in XBP1-silenced CRSsNP mice exacerbated pathological changes in mouse nasal mucosal tissues, promoted inflammation, and activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, overexpression of XBP1 may be associated with increased expression of HIF-1a and possibly contribute to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and the development of CRSsNP.
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Jo A, Choi TG, Han JY, Tabor MH, Kolliputi N, Lockey RF, Cho SH. Age-Related Increase of Collagen/Fibrin Deposition and High PAI-1 Production in Human Nasal Polyps. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:845324. [PMID: 35712705 PMCID: PMC9193225 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Our previous studies showed an age-related increased prevalence of nasal polyps (NP) and reduced production of S100A8/9 in elderly patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with NP (CRSwNP). In this study, we investigated an unbiased age-related gene expression profile in CRSwNP subjects and healthy controls, and further identified the differences in their tissue remodeling. Methods: Microarrays using NP and uncinate tissues from health controls (elderly, age ≥65 vs. non-elderly, age 18-49) were performed, and differentially regulated genes were analyzed. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Immunostaining, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), trichrome staining, Western blot, and ELISA were performed for further investigation. Results: Microarrays identified differentially expressed genes according to disease and age; 278 in NP vs. controls, 75 in non-elderly NP vs. non-elderly controls, and 32 in elderly NP vs. elderly controls. qPCR confirmed that the PLAT gene was downregulated and the SERPINB2 gene upregulated in NP vs. controls. The serous glandular cell-derived antimicrobial protein/peptide-related genes such as BPIFB3, BPIFB2, LPO, and MUC7 were remarkably reduced in NP, regardless of age. SERPINE1 gene (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) expression was significantly increased in elderly NP versus elderly controls. IHC and western blot confirmed significantly decreased production of MUC7 and LPO in NP versus controls. There was a trend of age-related reduction of submucosal gland cells in normal controls. Trichrome and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated an age-related increase of collagen and fibrin deposition in NP, consistent with increased PAI-1 production. Conclusion: This study demonstrated age-related differential glandular remodeling patterns and fibrosis in NP and normal controls. PAI-1 expression was significantly increased in elderly NP versus elderly controls, suggesting PAI-1 as a potential treatment target in elderly NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ara Jo
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Han
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mark H. Tabor
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Richard F. Lockey
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Seong H. Cho
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States
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Sun Q, Liu Z, Xu X, Yang Y, Han X, Wang C, Song F, Mou Y, Li Y, Song X. Identification of a circRNA/miRNA/mRNA ceRNA Network as a Cell Cycle-Related Regulator for Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyps. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2601-2615. [PMID: 35494315 PMCID: PMC9045834 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the mechanisms by which circRNA/miRNA/mRNA competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) networks regulate CRSwNP. Methods The expression profiles of circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs from patients with CRSwNP and control subjects were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The circRNA/miRNA/mRNA ceRNA network was constructed based on the predicted circRNA–miRNA interactions and miRNA–mRNA interactions. Hub-mRNAs were screened by protein–protein interaction network analysis and Cytoscape molecular complex detection. The expression of factors in tissue and in hsa_circ_0031594 siRNA transfection cells was verified by RT-qPCR and the association between them was revealed by Spearman correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed with the pROC R package. Results The differential expression of 5423 circRNAs, 415 miRNAs, and 3673 mRNAs was identified in CRSwNP subjects compared to control subjects. Among these, 9 circRNAs, 39 miRNAs, and 78 mRNAs were screened to construct a ceRNA network. Ultimately, a subnetwork including circRNA hsa_circ_0031594, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-6507-5p, NCAPG2, RACGAP1, CHEK1 and PRC1 was screened out. RT-qPCR validated that the expression of hsa_circ_0031594, NCAPG2, PRC1 was significantly increased, and hsa-miR-1260b and hsa-miR-6507-5p were expressed significantly less in patients with CRSwNP than in control subjects. In addition, the AUCs of hsa_circ_0031594, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-6507-5p, NCAPG2, and PRC1 to discriminate CRSwNP patients were 0.995, 0.842, 0.862, 0.765, and 0.816. Spearman correlation showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0031594 was negatively correlated with hsa-miR-1260b and hsa-miR-6507-5p, and positively correlated with NCAPG2 and PRC1. In human nasal epithelial cell (HNEpC) line, knocking down hsa_circ_0031594 could increase the expression of hsa-miR-1260b and hsa-miR-6507-5p, and reduce the expression of NCAPG2 and PRC1. Conclusion CeRNA networks including hsa_circ_0031594, hsa-miR-1260b, and NCAPG2, and hsa_circ_0031594, hsa-miR-6507-5p, and PRC1 may be key regulators for CRSwNP occurrence, and may be potential targets for the pathogenesis and treatment development of CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangya Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cai Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Binzhou Medical University, Clinical Medical College Second, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yakui Mou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xicheng Song; Yumei Li, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +860535-6691999, Fax +860535-6240341, Email ;
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Song L, Wang X, Qu X, Lv C. Transcription Factor Specificity Protein 1 Regulates Inflammation and Fibrin Deposition in Nasal Polyps Via the Regulation of microRNA-125b and the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2022; 45:1118-1132. [PMID: 34988755 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nasal polyps (NPs) are multifactorial soft growths inside the nasal passages and are associated with chronic inflammation that originate from the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosae. This study focused on the role of microRNA (miR)-125b and the molecules associated with NP development. Differentially expressed miRNAs between nasal tissues from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP (CRSwNP) and CRS without NP (CRSsNP) were screened using microarray analysis. A murine model of CRSwNP was established. The expression of miR-125b in murine tissues was examined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Candidate upstream regulators of miR-125b were predicted using bioinformatics tools, and the binding relationship between specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and miR-125b was validated using luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Altered expression of Sp1 and miR-125b was induced to evaluate their relevance to the progression of NPs. miR-125b expression was significantly upregulated in NP tissues from patients with CRSwNP. Sp1 was confirmed as an upstream regulator that promotes miR-125b transcription in NPs. Overexpression of Sp1 reduced levels of d-dimer (an indicator of fibrinogen degradation products) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) but increased eosinophil cationic protein and peroxidase levels, as well as the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-8 in murine NP tissues. However, these trends were reversed after miR-125b downregulation. Sp1 and miR-125b were found to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in NPs. This study demonstrated that Sp1, an upstream transcription factor of miR-125b, accumulates on the miR-125b promoter to activate its transcription, which induces inflammation and fibrin deposition in NP by activating the Wnt/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Qu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Laishan District, No. 10087, Keji Avenue, Yantai, 264001, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Chen L, Liu Q, Liu Z, Li H, Liu X, Yu H. EGF Protects Epithelial Cells from Barrier Damage in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:439-450. [PMID: 35082512 PMCID: PMC8784255 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s345664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumour, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018RU003, Shanghai, People's Republlc of China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumour, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018RU003, Shanghai, People's Republlc of China
| | - Zhuofu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumour, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018RU003, Shanghai, People's Republlc of China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumour, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018RU003, Shanghai, People's Republlc of China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumour, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018RU003, Shanghai, People's Republlc of China
| | - Hongmeng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumour, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2018RU003, Shanghai, People's Republlc of China
- Correspondence: Hongmeng Yu; Xiang Liu Email ;
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Leung DYM, Berdyshev E, Goleva E. Cutaneous barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 145:1485-1497. [PMID: 32507227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental defect(s) that drives atopic dermatitis (AD) remains controversial. "Outside in" proponents point to the important association of filaggrin gene mutations and other skin barrier defects with AD. The "inside out" proponents derive support from evidence that AD occurs in genetic animal models with overexpression of type 2 immune pathways in their skin, and humans with gain-of-function mutations in their type 2 response develop severe AD. The observation that therapeutic biologics, targeting type 2 immune responses, can reverse AD provides compelling support for the importance of "inside out" mechanisms of AD. In this review, we propose a central role for epithelial cell dysfunction that accounts for the dual role of skin barrier defects and immune pathway activation in AD. The complexity of AD has its roots in the dysfunction of the epithelial barrier that allows the penetration of allergens, irritants, and microbes into a cutaneous milieu that facilitates the induction of type 2 immune responses. The AD phenotypes and endotypes that result in chronic skin inflammation and barrier dysfunction are modified by genes, innate/adaptive immune responses, and different environmental factors that cause skin barrier dysfunction. There is also compelling evidence that skin barrier dysfunction can alter the course of childhood asthma, food allergy, and allergic rhinosinusitis. Effective management of AD requires a multipronged approach, not only restoring cutaneous barrier function, microbial flora, and immune homeostasis but also enhancing skin epithelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
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16
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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in neutrophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 21:30-37. [PMID: 33284158 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Barrier dysfunction, tissue fibrosis, and remodeling are essential processes of the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been assessed in various studies in CRS. In this review, we summarized the pathophysiologic mechanisms of EMT related to CRS, particularly neutrophilic CRS. RECENT FINDINGS Loss of epithelial characteristics due to EMT makes leaky epithelium, and transformed mesenchymal cells cause fibrosis and remodeling. Hypoxia, allergens (house dust mites), infections, and air pollutants were related to the pathogenesis of neutrophilic CRS, and these factors are known to induce barrier dysfunction and EMT in sinonasal epithelia. Some molecular pathways related to EMT have been recognized in CRS, including interferon-γ/p38/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, high-mobility group box 1/receptor of advanced glycosylation end-products, TGF-β1/SMAD, and Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathways. Apart from, several microRNAs (miR-21, miR-761, and miR-30a-5p) have been identified to regulate EMT in CRS. SUMMARY EMT is considered to be an important pathogenesis mechanism for CRS. The factors cause EMT in CRS, and the associated molecular mechanisms are related to neutrophilic inflammation. Further studies on CRS endotype and/or phenotype are needed to clarify the implication of EMT on CRS pathogenesis.
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Bae JS, Ryu G, Kim JH, Kim EH, Rhee YH, Chung YJ, Kim DW, Lim S, Chung PS, Shin HW, Mo JH. Effects of Wnt signaling on epithelial to mesenchymal transition in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp. Thorax 2020; 75:982-993. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundEpithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP). Wnt signaling is causative for EMT, whereas the mechanism in CRSwNP is not fully understood.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the role of Wnt signaling in EMT of CRSwNP using a murine nasal polyp (NP) model and human tissues.MethodsInflammatory markers and EMT-related molecules were evaluated in NP models using adenomatosis polyposis coli (Apc)Min/+ mice with activated Wnt signaling and NP models treated with Wnt signaling inhibitor, indocyanine green-001 (ICG-001). EMT markers and Wnt signaling-associated mediators were analysed using human sinonasal tissues from control subjects and CRSwNP patients.ResultsApcMin/+ mice-induced NPs exhibited more frequent polypoid lesions and upregulation of Wnt-related molecules, including nuclear β-catenin, WNT3A and cyclin D1. Markers of EMT were significantly overexpressed in the ApcMin/+ NP mice (p<0.001 for E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin), and interleukin (IL)-17A+ cells and neutrophilic infiltration were increased in ApcMin/+ NP mice (p<0.001). Inhibition of Wnt signaling via ICG-001 resulted in significantly decreased nasal polypoid lesions (p<0.001), EMT-related markers (p=0.019 for E-cadherin and p=0.002 for vimentin) and the mRNA levels of IL-4 (p<0.001) and IL-17A (p=0.004) compared with the positive control group. Finally, nuclear β-catenin (p=0.042) was significantly increased compared with the control, and the expression levels of Wnt ligands and receptors were upregulated in human NP tissues (p=0.045 for WNT3A and p=0.042 for FZD2), suggesting increased Wnt signaling and EMT in CRSwNP.ConclusionWnt signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of NPs through EMT. Therefore, inhibition of Wnt signaling may be a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with CRSwNP.
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18
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Chiarella E, Lombardo N, Lobello N, Aloisio A, Aragona T, Pelaia C, Scicchitano S, Bond HM, Mesuraca M. Nasal Polyposis: Insights in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Differentiation of Polyp Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6878. [PMID: 32961745 PMCID: PMC7555226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory disease of paranasal sinuses, which causes rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and hyposmia. The genetic predisposition or the exposure to irritants can sustain the inflammatory response and the development of nasal polyposis. Nasal polyps are benign and teardrop-shaped growths that project in the nasal cavities, and originate from the ethmoid sinuses. This inflammatory process is associated with high expression of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 and IgE. Antibodies targeting these cytokines or receptors represent a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of nasal polyposis in combination with corticosteroids. The molecular pathogenesis of nasal polyps in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients is associated with remodeling transition, a process in which epithelial cells lose their typical phenotype, acquiring a mesenchymal-like aspect. TGFβ/SMAD, ERK, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways are altered during the nasal tissue remodeling. miRNA and inhibitor molecules targeting these signaling pathways are able to interfere with the process; which could lead to alternative therapies. Nasal polyps are an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells, which can be isolated from surgical biopsies. A molecular understanding of the biology of PO-MSCs will contribute to the delineating inflammatory process underlying the development of nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Chiarella
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (A.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Nicola Lombardo
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.L.); (N.L.)
| | - Nadia Lobello
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.L.); (N.L.)
| | - Annamaria Aloisio
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (A.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Teodoro Aragona
- Otolaryngology, A.O.U. Ospedali Riuniti, 60123 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (A.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Heather Mandy Bond
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (A.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Mesuraca
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.C.); (A.A.); (S.S.)
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Noncanonical Wnt planar cell polarity signaling in lung development and disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:231-243. [PMID: 32096543 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway is a potent developmental regulator of directional cell behaviors such as migration, asymmetric division and morphological polarization that are critical for shaping the body axis and the complex three-dimensional architecture of tissues and organs. PCP is considered a noncanonical Wnt pathway due to the involvement of Wnt ligands and Frizzled family receptors in the absence of the beta-catenin driven gene expression observed in the canonical Wnt cascade. At the heart of the PCP mechanism are protein complexes capable of generating molecular asymmetries within cells along a tissue-wide axis that are translated into polarized actin and microtubule cytoskeletal dynamics. PCP has emerged as an important regulator of developmental, homeostatic and disease processes in the respiratory system. It acts along other signaling pathways to create the elaborately branched structure of the lung by controlling the directional protrusive movements of cells during branching morphogenesis. PCP operates in the airway epithelium to establish and maintain the orientation of respiratory cilia along the airway axis for anatomically directed mucociliary clearance. It also regulates the establishment of the pulmonary vasculature. In adult tissues, PCP dysfunction has been linked to a variety of chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, stemming chiefly from the breakdown of proper tissue structure and function and aberrant cell migration during regenerative wound healing. A better understanding of these (impaired) PCP mechanisms is needed to fully harness the therapeutic opportunities of targeting PCP in chronic lung diseases.
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Wang C, Yan B, Zhang L. The epithelium-derived inflammatory mediators of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:293-310. [PMID: 31986923 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1723417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengshuo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
- Department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Cheng J, Yang J, Xue K, Zhao Y, Zhao C, Li S, Wang Z. Desmoglein 3 Silencing Inhibits Inflammation and Goblet Cell Mucin Secretion in a Mouse Model of Chronic Rhinosinusitis via Disruption of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2020; 42:1370-1382. [PMID: 31028575 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease characterized by inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses lasting over 12 weeks. This study aims to evaluate the effect of desmoglein 3 (DSG3) on inflammatory response and goblet cell mucin secretion in a mouse model of CRS. The CRS-related differentially expressed genes and disease genes were screened using microarray-based gene expression analysis. Subsequently, CRS mouse models were established. The levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured by ELISA. In addition, loss-of-function experiment was conducted using siRNAs targeting DSG3 and β-catenin. The secretion of mucins MUC5B and MUC5AC in goblet cells was detected, and the apoptosis of goblet cells was assessed. The regulatory effect of DSG3 on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was analyzed by determining the mRNA and protein levels of DSG3, Wnt, β-catenin, and GSK3β. DSG3 was identified to be an upregulated gene in CRS, which was further documented in CRS mice models. Elevated inflammation and mucin production were noted in CRS mice models. Also, it was found that DSG3 or β-catenin silencing could decrease the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, and the positive rates of MUC5B and MUC5AC while enhancing goblet cell apoptosis. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was blocked by DSG3, evidenced by downregulated Wnt and β-catenin as well as upregulated GSK3β mRNA and protein levels. Overall, this study provides evidence that silencing DSG3 could inhibit the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus alleviating CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhang Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingpu Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonggui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Zhu L, Tu H, Liang Y, Tang D. MiR-218 produces anti-tumor effects on cervical cancer cells in vitro. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:204. [PMID: 30314496 PMCID: PMC6186038 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is critical in tumor immune escape, we determined to study the regulatory mechanism of miR-218 on IDO1 in cervical cancer. Methods Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was carried out to measure the expression of miR-218. RT-qPCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of IDO1 in cervical cancer. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the binding of miR-218 on the IDO1 3′UTR. Cell viability, apoptosis, and related factors were determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Annexin-V/PI (propidium) assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA), RT-qPCR, and Western blot assays after miR-218 mimics has been transfected to HeLa cervical cancer cells. Results MiR-218 was downregulated in cervical cancer. The expression of miR-218 was negatively correlated with IDO1 in cervical cancer tissues and cells. IDO1 is a direct target of miR-218. MiR-218 overexpression was found to inhibit cell viability and promoted apoptosis via activating the expression of Cleaved-Caspase-3 and to inhibit the expression of Survivin, immune factors (TGF-β, VEGF, IL-6, PGE2, COX-2), and JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Conclusion MiR-218 inhibits immune escape of cervical cancer cells by direct downregulating IDO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taojiang County, Taojiang, China
| | - Huaidong Tu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taojiang County, Taojiang, China
| | - Yanmei Liang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taojiang County, Taojiang, China
| | - Dihong Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, No.283 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, China.
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23
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Dobzanski A, Khalil SM, Lane AP. Nasal polyp fibroblasts modulate epithelial characteristics via Wnt signaling. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018; 8:1412-1420. [PMID: 30118173 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While essential to the normal differentiation of ciliated airway epithelial cells, upregulated Wnt signaling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has been proposed to result in abnormal epithelial morphology and dysfunctional mucociliary clearance. The mechanism of epithelial Wnt signaling dysregulation in CRSwNP is unknown, and importantly cellular sources of Wnt ligands in CRSwNP have not yet been investigated. METHODS Human sinonasal epithelial cells (hSNECs) and human sinonasal fibroblasts (hSNFs) were collected from 34 human subjects (25 control and 9 CRSwNP) and differentiated as primary air-liquid interface (ALI) and organoid co-cultures. hSNECs were isolated to the apical compartment of the transwell and hSNFs were isolated to the basolateral compartment. After 21 days of ALI culture, ciliary expression and sinonasal epithelial morphology were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). An organoid model was used to evaluate proliferation of basal cells in presence of hSNFs. RESULTS Epithelial cells co-cultured with CRSwNP-hSNFs revealed significantly decreased ciliated cells, altered epithelial cell morphology, and increased colony forming efficiency compared to epithelial cells co-cultured with control-hSNFs. CRSwNP-hSNFs showed significantly higher messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of canonical WNT3A. A Wnt agonist, CHIR99021, replicated CRSwNP-hSNF co-cultures, and treatment with the Wnt inhibitor IWP2 prevented abnormal morphologies. CONCLUSION These results suggest that abnormal interactions between epithelial cells and fibroblasts may contribute to CRSwNP pathogenesis and supports the concept that dysregulated Wnt signaling contributes impairment to epithelial function in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dobzanski
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Syed Muaz Khalil
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrew P Lane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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24
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Ordovas-Montanes J, Dwyer DF, Nyquist SK, Buchheit KM, Vukovic M, Deb C, Wadsworth MH, Hughes TK, Kazer SW, Yoshimoto E, Cahill KN, Bhattacharyya N, Katz HR, Berger B, Laidlaw TM, Boyce JA, Barrett NA, Shalek AK. Allergic inflammatory memory in human respiratory epithelial progenitor cells. Nature 2018; 560:649-654. [PMID: 30135581 PMCID: PMC6133715 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Barrier tissue dysfunction is a fundamental feature of chronic human inflammatory diseases1. Specialized subsets of epithelial cells-including secretory and ciliated cells-differentiate from basal stem cells to collectively protect the upper airway2-4. Allergic inflammation can develop from persistent activation5 of type 2 immunity6 in the upper airway, resulting in chronic rhinosinusitis, which ranges in severity from rhinitis to severe nasal polyps7. Basal cell hyperplasia is a hallmark of severe disease7-9, but it is not known how these progenitor cells2,10,11 contribute to clinical presentation and barrier tissue dysfunction in humans. Here we profile primary human surgical chronic rhinosinusitis samples (18,036 cells, n = 12) that span the disease spectrum using Seq-Well for massively parallel single-cell RNA sequencing12, report transcriptomes for human respiratory epithelial, immune and stromal cell types and subsets from a type 2 inflammatory disease, and map key mediators. By comparison with nasal scrapings (18,704 cells, n = 9), we define signatures of core, healthy, inflamed and polyp secretory cells. We reveal marked differences between the epithelial compartments of the non-polyp and polyp cellular ecosystems, identifying and validating a global reduction in cellular diversity of polyps characterized by basal cell hyperplasia, concomitant decreases in glandular cells, and phenotypic shifts in secretory cell antimicrobial expression. We detect an aberrant basal progenitor differentiation trajectory in polyps, and propose cell-intrinsic13, epigenetic14,15 and extrinsic factors11,16,17 that lock polyp basal cells into this uncommitted state. Finally, we functionally demonstrate that ex vivo cultured basal cells retain intrinsic memory of IL-4/IL-13 exposure, and test the potential for clinical blockade of the IL-4 receptor α-subunit to modify basal and secretory cell states in vivo. Overall, we find that reduced epithelial diversity stemming from functional shifts in basal cells is a key characteristic of type 2 immune-mediated barrier tissue dysfunction. Our results demonstrate that epithelial stem cells may contribute to the persistence of human disease by serving as repositories for allergic memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Dwyer
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah K Nyquist
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in Computational and Systems Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Buchheit
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marko Vukovic
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chaarushena Deb
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marc H Wadsworth
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Travis K Hughes
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel W Kazer
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eri Yoshimoto
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine N Cahill
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil Bhattacharyya
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Howard R Katz
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bonnie Berger
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nora A Barrett
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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25
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Chaker AM. [Biologics in Rhinology - Forthcoming Personalized Concepts: the Future Starts Today]. Laryngorhinootologie 2018; 97:S142-S184. [PMID: 29905356 PMCID: PMC6541111 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-123484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sinunasale Erkrankungen zählen mit zu den häufigsten chronischen Erkrankungen und führen zu einer erheblichen Störung der Lebensqualität, ein komorbides Asthma ist häufig. Trotz leitliniengerechter Therapie ist anzunehmen, dass mind. 20% der Patienten ihre Erkrankungssymptome nicht adäquat kontrollieren können. Neben den etablierten chirurgischen und konservativen Therapieoptionen finden sich nun vielversprechende Therapieansätze, die bspw. mittels therapeutischer Antikörper mechanistisch gezielt in die Pathophysiologie der Erkrankungen eingreifen können. Die Auswahl der geeigneten Patienten durch geeignete Biomarker und die richtige Therapie zum richtigen Stadium der Erkrankung anbieten zu können, ist das Ziel stratifizierter Medizin und eine wichtige Perspektive für die HNO.Chronic diseases of the nose and the paranasal sinuses are most common, frequently associated with bronchial asthma, and result in substantial reduction of quality of life. Despite optimal treatment according to guidelines, approx. 20 % of the patients will report inadequate control of symptoms. Apart from well established surgical and conservative approaches in therapy new therapeutic antibodies are available that aim specifically pathophysiological targets. The optimal allocation of effective therapy for patients using appropriate biomarkers at the most suitable timepoint is the hallmark of stratified medicine and an important perspective in ENT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Chaker
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde und Zentrum für Allergie und Umwelt, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München
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26
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Costa R, Königshoff M. Linking Wnt Signaling to Mucosal Inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 56:551-552. [PMID: 28459386 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0054ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Costa
- 1 Comprehensive Pneumology Center Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Germany and
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- 1 Comprehensive Pneumology Center Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Germany and.,2 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine University of Colorado Denver, Colorado
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27
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Skronska-Wasek W, Gosens R, Königshoff M, Baarsma HA. WNT receptor signalling in lung physiology and pathology. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 187:150-166. [PMID: 29458107 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The WNT signalling cascades have emerged as critical regulators of a wide variety of biological aspects involved in lung development as well as in physiological and pathophysiological processes in the adult lung. WNTs (secreted glycoproteins) interact with various transmembrane receptors and co-receptors to activate signalling pathways that regulate transcriptional as well as non-transcriptional responses within cells. In physiological conditions, the majority of WNT receptors and co-receptors can be detected in the adult lung. However, dysregulation of WNT signalling pathways contributes to the development and progression of chronic lung pathologies, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. The interaction between a WNT and the (co-)receptor(s) present at the cell surface is the initial step in transducing an extracellular signal into an intracellular response. This proximal event in WNT signal transduction with (cell-specific) ligand-receptor interactions is of great interest as a potential target for pharmacological intervention. In this review we highlight the diverse expression of various WNT receptors and co-receptors in the aforementioned chronic lung diseases and discuss the currently available biologicals and pharmacological tools to modify proximal WNT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Skronska-Wasek
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Hoeke Abele Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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28
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Schmid A, Sailland J, Novak L, Baumlin N, Fregien N, Salathe M. Modulation of Wnt signaling is essential for the differentiation of ciliated epithelial cells in human airways. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:3493-3506. [PMID: 28921507 PMCID: PMC5683904 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is essential for the differentiation of airway epithelial cells during development. Here, we examined the role of Wnt signaling during redifferentiation of ciliated airway epithelial cells in vitro at the air liquid interface as a model of airway epithelial repair. Phases of proliferation and differentiation were defined. Markers of squamous metaplasia and epithelial ciliation were followed while enhancing β‐catenin signaling by blocking glycogen synthase kinase 3β with SB216763 and shRNA as well as inhibiting canonical WNT signaling with apical application of Dickkopf 1 (Dkk1). Our findings indicate that enhanced β‐catenin signaling decreases the number of ciliated cells and causes squamous changes in the epithelium, whereas treatment with DDk1 leads to an increased number of ciliated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schmid
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Juliette Sailland
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Lisa Novak
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Nathalie Baumlin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Nevis Fregien
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Matthias Salathe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
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