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Saha S, Skeie JM, Schmidt GA, Eggleston T, Shevalye H, Sales CS, Phruttiwanichakun P, Dusane A, Field MG, Rinkoski TA, Fautsch MP, Baratz KH, Roy M, Jun AS, Pendleton C, Salem AK, Greiner MA. TCF4 trinucleotide repeat expansions and UV irradiation increase susceptibility to ferroptosis in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Redox Biol 2024; 77:103348. [PMID: 39332053 PMCID: PMC11470242 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), the leading indication for corneal transplantation in the U.S., causes loss of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and corneal edema leading to vision loss. FECD pathogenesis is linked to impaired response to oxidative stress and environmental ultraviolet A (UVA) exposure. Although UVA is known to cause nonapoptotic oxidative cell death resulting from iron-mediated lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis has not been characterized in FECD. We investigated the roles of genetic background and UVA exposure in causing CEC degeneration in FECD. Using ungenotyped FECD patient surgical samples, we found increased levels of cytosolic ferrous iron (Fe2+) and lipid peroxidation in end-stage diseased tissues compared with healthy controls. Using primary and immortalized cell cultures modeling the TCF4 intronic trinucleotide repeat expansion genotype, we found altered gene and protein expression involved in ferroptosis compared to controls including elevated levels of Fe2+, basal lipid peroxidation, and the ferroptosis-specific marker transferrin receptor 1. Increased cytosolic Fe2+ levels were detected after physiologically relevant doses of UVA exposure, indicating a role for ferroptosis in FECD disease progression. Cultured cells were more prone to ferroptosis induced by RSL3 and UVA than controls, indicating ferroptosis susceptibility is increased by both FECD genetic background and UVA. Finally, cell death was preventable after RSL3 induced ferroptosis using solubilized ubiquinol, indicating a role for anti-ferroptosis therapies in FECD. This investigation demonstrates that genetic background and UVA exposure contribute to iron-mediated lipid peroxidation and cell death in FECD, and provides the basis for future investigations of ferroptosis-mediated disease progression in FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jessica M Skeie
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, 52241, USA
| | | | | | | | - Christopher S Sales
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, 52241, USA
| | - Pornpoj Phruttiwanichakun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Apurva Dusane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Matthew G Field
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Tommy A Rinkoski
- Department of Ophthalmology, 200 1st St SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Michael P Fautsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, 200 1st St SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Keith H Baratz
- Department of Ophthalmology, 200 1st St SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Madhuparna Roy
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Albert S Jun
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Chandler Pendleton
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Mark A Greiner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, 52241, USA.
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2
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Xu H, Guo Y, Liu XJ, Liu Y, Yin S, Bao QY, Peng R, Tian WB, Xia YY, Gao L, Liu JM. Idebenone Antagonizes P53-Mediated Neuronal Oxidative Stress Injury by Regulating CD38-SIRT3 Protein Level. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2491-2504. [PMID: 38862726 PMCID: PMC11310240 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Idebenone, an antioxidant used in treating oxidative damage-related diseases, has unclear neuroprotective mechanisms. Oxidative stress affects cell and mitochondrial membranes, altering Adp-ribosyl cyclase (CD38) and Silent message regulator 3 (SIRT3) protein expression and possibly impacting SIRT3's ability to deacetylate Tumor protein p53 (P53). This study explores the relationship between CD38, SIRT3, and P53 in H2O2-injured HT22 cells treated with Idebenone. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining after determining appropriate H2O2 and Idebenone concentrations.In this study, Idebenone was found to reduce apoptosis and decrease P53 and Caspase3 expression in H2O2-injured HT22 cells by detecting apoptosis-related protein expression. Through bioinformatics methods, CD38 was identified as the target of Idebenone, and it further demonstrated that Idebenone decreased the expression of CD38 and increased the level of SIRT3. An increased NAD+/NADH ratio was detected, suggesting Idebenone induces SIRT3 expression and protects HT22 cells by decreasing apoptosis-related proteins. Knocking down SIRT3 downregulated acetylated P53 (P53Ac), indicating SIRT3's importance in P53 deacetylation.These results supported that CD38 was used as a target of Idebenone to up-regulate SIRT3 to deacetylate activated P53, thereby protecting HT22 cells from oxidative stress injury. Thus, Idebenone is a drug that may show great potential in protecting against reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced diseases such as Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. And it might be able to compensate for some of the defects associated with CD38-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Shi Yin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ying Bao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ru Peng
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | | | - Ying-Yan Xia
- Bethune Second Clinical School of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ling Gao
- Basic medical department of Changchun Medical College, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Jia-Mei Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China.
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3
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Feng Y, Li X, Lu Z, Gu H, Li W, Hill LJ, Ou S. Evolution of therapeutic strategy based on oxidant-antioxidant balance for fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Ocul Surf 2024; 34:247-261. [PMID: 39111696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) stands as the most prevalent primary corneal endothelial dystrophy worldwide, posing a significant risk to corneal homeostasis and clarity. Corneal endothelial cells exhibit susceptibility to oxidative stress, suggesting a nuanced relationship between oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and FECD pathogenesis, irrespective of FECD genotype. Given the constrained availability of corneal transplants, exploration into non-surgical interventions becomes crucial. This encompasses traditional antioxidants, small molecule compounds, biologics, and diverse non-drug therapies, such as gene-related therapy, hydrogen therapy and near infrared light therapy. This review concentrates on elucidating the mechanisms behind oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and the evolution of strategies to restore oxidant-antioxidant balance in FECD. It provides a comprehensive overview of both conventional and emerging therapeutic approaches, offering valuable insights for the advancement of non-surgical treatment modalities. The findings herein might establish a robust foundation for future research and the therapeutic strategy of FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Yuchong Feng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Lu
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Department of Microbes, Infections and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Wei Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Lisa J Hill
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Shangkun Ou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
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Fu CF, Li JL, Chen JW, Liang H, Zhao WR, He SY, Ma XW, Yang XF, Wang HL. Mechanism and therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine extracts in sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1365639. [PMID: 39021837 PMCID: PMC11251979 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1365639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex syndrome characterized by multi-organ dysfunction, due to the presence of harmful microorganisms in blood which could cause mortality. Complications associated with sepsis involve multiple organ dysfunction. The pathogenesis of sepsis remains intricate, with limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has consistently demonstrated to have a potential on various disease management. Its complements include reduction of oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory pathways, regulating immune responses, and improving microcirculation. Traditional Chinese medicine can mitigate or even treat sepsis in a human system. This review examines progress on the use of TCM extracts for treating sepsis through different pharmacological action and its mechanisms. The potential targets of TCM extracts and active ingredients for the treatment of sepsis and its complications have been elucidated through molecular biology research, network pharmacology prediction, molecular docking analysis, and visualization analysis. Our aim is to provide a theoretical basis and empirical support for utilizing TCM in the treatment of sepsis and its complications while also serving as a reference for future research and development of sepsis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fei Fu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jian-Long Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | | | - Hao Liang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen-Rui Zhao
- Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shi-Yu He
- Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Ma
- Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Yang
- Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - He-Lin Wang
- Donghuashi Community Health Service Center, Beijing, China
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5
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Liu X, Yu Y, Garcia LA, Au ML, Tran M, Zhang J, Lou A, Liu Y, Wu H. A grape-supplemented diet prevented ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced cataract by regulating Nrf2 and XIAP pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109636. [PMID: 38561079 PMCID: PMC11107911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate if grape consumption, in the form of grape powder (GP), could protect against ultraviolet (UV)-induced cataract. Mice were fed with the regular diet, sugar placebo diet, or a grape diet (regular diet supplemented with 5%, 10%, and 15% GP) for 3 months. The mice were then exposed to UV radiation to induce cataract. The results showed that the GP diet dose-dependently inhibited UV-induced cataract and preserved glutathione pools. Interestingly, UV-induced Nrf2 activation was abolished in the groups on the GP diet, suggesting GP consumption may improve redox homeostasis in the lens, making Nrf2 activation unnecessary. For molecular target prediction, a total of 471 proteins regulated by GP were identified using Agilent Literature Search (ALS) software. Among these targets, the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) was correlated with all of the main active ingredients of GP, including resveratrol, catechin, quercetin, and anthocyanins. Our data confirmed that GP prevented UV-induced suppression of XIAP, indicating that XIAP might be one of the critical molecular targets of GP. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GP protected the lens from UV-induced cataract development in mice. The protective effects of GP may be attributed to its ability to improve redox homeostasis and activate the XIAP-mediated antiapoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Yu Yu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Luís Aguilera Garcia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - My-Lien Au
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Myhoa Tran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jinmin Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Alexander Lou
- The Village School, Houston, Texas, USA; Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Hongli Wu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
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Woodward MA, Herzog JM, Verkade A. UV Light Is Not a Toy-Recreational Use and Eye Harm. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:571-572. [PMID: 38696182 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Woodward
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Joshua M Herzog
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Angela Verkade
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Numa K, Patel SK, Zhang ZA, Burton JB, Matsumoto A, Hughes JWB, Sotozono C, Schilling B, Desprez PY, Campisi J, Kitazawa K. Senescent characteristics of human corneal endothelial cells upon ultraviolet-A exposure. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6673-6693. [PMID: 38683123 PMCID: PMC11087119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the senescent phenotypes of human corneal endothelial cells (hCEnCs) upon treatment with ultraviolet (UV)-A. METHODS We assessed cell morphology, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, cell proliferation and expression of senescence markers (p16 and p21) in hCEnCs exposed to UV-A radiation, and senescent hCEnCs induced by ionizing radiation (IR) were used as positive controls. We performed RNA sequencing and proteomics analyses to compare gene and protein expression profiles between UV-A- and IR-induced senescent hCEnCs, and we also compared the results to non-senescent hCEnCs. RESULTS Cells exposed to 5 J/cm2 of UV-A or to IR exhibited typical senescent phenotypes, including enlargement, increased SA-β-gal activity, decreased cell proliferation and elevated expression of p16 and p21. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that 83.9% of the genes significantly upregulated and 82.6% of the genes significantly downregulated in UV-A-induced senescent hCEnCs overlapped with the genes regulated in IR-induced senescent hCEnCs. Proteomics also revealed that 93.8% of the proteins significantly upregulated in UV-A-induced senescent hCEnCs overlapped with those induced by IR. In proteomics analyses, senescent hCEnCs induced by UV-A exhibited elevated expression levels of several factors part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. CONCLUSIONS In this study, where senescence was induced by UV-A, a more physiological stress for hCEnCs compared to IR, we determined that UV-A modulated the expression of many genes and proteins typically altered upon IR treatment, a more conventional method of senescence induction, even though UV-A also modulated specific pathways unrelated to IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsaku Numa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Sandip Kumar Patel
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | | | | | - Akifumi Matsumoto
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | | | - Chie Sotozono
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | | | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Koji Kitazawa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
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Rajagopalan K, Selvan Christyraj JD, Chelladurai KS, Kalimuthu K, Das P, Chandrasekar M, Balamurugan N, Murugan K. Understanding the molecular mechanism of regeneration through apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation studies - updates and future aspects. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01958-1. [PMID: 38581530 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01958-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
AICP is a crucial process that maintaining tissue homeostasis and regeneration. In the past, cell death was perceived merely as a means to discard cells without functional consequences. However, during regeneration, effector caspases orchestrate apoptosis, releasing signals that activate stem cells, thereby compensating for tissue loss across various animal models. Despite significant progress, the activation of Wnt3a by caspase-3 remains a focal point of research gaps in AICP mechanisms, spanning from lower to higher regenerative animals. This inquiry into the molecular intricacies of caspase-3-induced Wnt3a activation contributes to a deeper understanding of the links between regeneration and cancer mechanisms. Our report provides current updates on AICP pathways, delineating research gaps and highlighting the potential for future investigations aimed at enhancing our comprehension of this intricate process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamarajan Rajagopalan
- Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jackson Durairaj Selvan Christyraj
- Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Karthikeyan Subbiahanadar Chelladurai
- Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Puja Das
- Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meikandan Chandrasekar
- Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nivedha Balamurugan
- Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Murugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Liu T, Zhu S, Yang Y, Qin W, Wang Z, Zhao Z, Liu T, Wang X, Duan T, Liu Y, Liu Y, Xia Q, Zhang H, Li N. Oroxylin A ameliorates ultraviolet radiation-induced premature skin aging by regulating oxidative stress via the Sirt1 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116110. [PMID: 38198955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin is susceptible to premature aging in response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced oxidative stress, which can ultimately result in aberrant aging or age-related disorders. Accordingly, strategies that can be adopted to mitigate oxidative stress may contribute to protecting skin from induced aging-related damage, thereby offering promising approaches for the treatment of skin diseases and disorders. In this regard, oroxylin A (OA), a natural flavonoid isolated from certain plants used in traditional Chinese medicine, is considered to have notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, and is often used to treat certain inflammatory diseases. To date, however, there has been comparatively little research on the effects of OA with respect skin aging. In this study, we utilized UV radiation-induced mouse and cellular models of aging to assess the efficacy of OA in protecting against skin aging. Subsequently, to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effect of OA on skin aging, we performed molecular docking analysis to investigate the involvement of the anti-aging gene Sirt1, which was further confirmed on the basis of Sirt1 gene silencing. We accordingly demonstrated that by promoting an increase in the expression of Sirt1, OA can contribute to suppressing UV-induced skin photo-aging in cells/mice by reducing oxidative stress. Furthermore, we established that by activating Sirt1, OA can also promote the dissociation of Nrf2 from Keap1 and its subsequent nuclear translocation. Collectively, our findings in this study reveal OA to be an effective natural compound that can be administered to delay the aging of skin triggered by UV, both in vivo and in vitro, by binding to Sirt1 to promote the deacetylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, thereby contributing to a reduction in oxidative stress. These findings may this provide a therapeutic target for the prevention of skin aging or aging-induced skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Wenxiao Qin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhiyue Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Tian Duan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chinese medical college,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Qingmei Xia
- Chinese medical college,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; Engineering research center of Modern chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of education, Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
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10
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Kumar V, Deshpande N, Parekh M, Wong R, Ashraf S, Zahid M, Hui H, Miall A, Kimpton S, Price MO, Price FW, Gonzalez FJ, Rogan E, Jurkunas UV. Estrogen genotoxicity causes preferential development of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy in females. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102986. [PMID: 38091879 PMCID: PMC10716776 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a genetically complex, age-related, female-predominant disorder characterized by loss of post-mitotic corneal endothelial cells (CEnCs). Ultraviolet-A (UVA) light has been shown to recapitulate the morphological and molecular changes seen in FECD to a greater extent in females than males, by triggering CYP1B1 upregulation in females. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of greater CEnC susceptibility to UVA in females by studying estrogen metabolism in response to UVA in the cornea. Loss of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) resulted in increased production of estrogen metabolites and mitochondrial-DNA adducts, with a higher CEnC loss in Nqo1-/- female compared to wild-type male and female mice. The CYP1B1 inhibitors, trans-2,3',4,5'-tetramethoxystilbene (TMS) and berberine, rescued CEnC loss. Injection of wild-type male mice with estrogen (E2; 17β-estradiol) increased CEnC loss, followed by increased production of estrogen metabolites and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, not seen in E2-treated Cyp1b1-/-male mice. This study demonstrates that the endo-degenerative phenotype is driven by estrogen metabolite-dependent CEnC loss that is exacerbated in the absence of NQO1; thus, explaining the mechanism accounting for the higher incidence of FECD in females. The mitigation of estrogen-adduct production by CYP1B1 inhibitors could serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kumar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohit Parekh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Raymond Wong
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shazia Ashraf
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4388, USA
| | - Hanna Hui
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Annie Miall
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sylvie Kimpton
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marianne O Price
- Price Vision Group and Cornea Research Foundation of America, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Francis W Price
- Price Vision Group and Cornea Research Foundation of America, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eleanor Rogan
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4388, USA
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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11
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Sun MY, Wang L, Shen ZY. POLE2 Regulates Apoptosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:1162-1172. [PMID: 38079056 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck, but its occurrence and progression mechanisms remain unclear. In addition-there is a lack of effective targeting drugs. The second major subunit of DNA polymerase (POLE2) catalyzes the prolongation of new strand replication and modifies exonuclease domain activity. Our previous study found that POLE2 was associated with OSCC progression, but the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS The expression of POLE2 in OSCC tissues was detected using immunological assays. Mann-Whitney U analysis was used to investigate the relationship between POLE2 gene expression and tumor classification and prognosis of OSCC. POLE2 expression was inhibited in OSCC cells, and the effects of gene and protein expression were detected using RT-PCR and Western blotting. The POLE2 knockout model was constructed by transfecting a lentiviral vector. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were detected using various assays including colony formation, MTT, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, Transwell assay, and the Human Apoptosis Antibody Array. The animal model of OSCC was established by subcutaneous injection of transfected HN6 into 4-week-old female nude mice. After 30 days, tumors were removed under anesthesia and tumor weight and dimension were recorded. Tumor cell proliferation was analyzed using Ki67 staining. RESULTS POLE2 gene levels were significantly higher in the OSCC tissues than in the normal tissues. In addition, POLE2 gene levels were statistically correlated with tumor classification and prognosis. Silencing POLE2 inhibited the proliferation of oral cancer cells and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Animal experiments also supported a positive correlation between POLE2 and OSCC tumor formation. We further demonstrated that POLE2 could upregulate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as caspase-3, CD40, CD40L, DR6, Fas, IGFBP-6, p21, and SMAC. In addition, POLE2 regulated OSCC development by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION POLE2 is closely related to the progression of OSCC. Thus, POLE2 may be a potential target for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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12
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Yang M, Shen Z, Zhang X, Song Z, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Chen L. Ferroptosis of macrophages facilitates bone loss in apical periodontitis via NRF2/FSP1/ROS pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:334-347. [PMID: 37619958 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Apical periodontitis (AP) is an infectious disease that causes periapical tissue inflammation and bone destruction. Ferroptosis, a novel type of regulated cell death, is closely associated with inflammatory diseases and the regulation of bone homeostasis. However, the exact involvement of ferroptosis in the bone loss of AP is not fully understood. In this study, human periapical tissues were collected, and a mouse model was established to investigate the role of ferroptosis in AP. Colocalization staining revealed that ferroptosis in macrophages contributes to the inflammatory bone loss associated with AP. A cell model was constructed using RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS to further explore the mechanism underlying ferroptosis in macrophages upon inflammatory conditions, which exhibited ferroptotic characteristics. Moreover, downregulation of NRF2 was observed in ferroptotic macrophages, while overexpression of NRF2 upregulated the level of FSP1, leading to a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages. Additionally, ferroptotic macrophages released TNF-α, which activated the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and further increased ROS accumulation in macrophages. In vitro co-culture experiments demonstrated that the osteogenic ability of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) was suppressed with the stimulation of TNF-α from ferroptotic macrophages. These findings suggest that the TNF-α autocrine-paracrine loop in ferroptotic macrophages can inhibit osteogenesis in BMSCs through the NRF2/FSP1/ROS signaling pathway, leading to bone loss in AP. This study highlights the potential therapeutic value of targeting ferroptosis in the treatment of inflammatory bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongshan Shen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinfang Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Song
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lingling Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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13
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Qureshi S, Lee S, Steidl W, Ritzer L, Parise M, Chaubal A, Kumar V. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Disrupts Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Dynamics and Causes Corneal Endothelial Cell Apoptosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:18. [PMID: 37962528 PMCID: PMC10653263 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.14.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial stress are independently associated with corneal endothelial cell (CEnC) loss in many corneal diseases, including Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). However, the role of ER stress in mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to CEnC apoptosis is unknown. The purpose of this study is to explore the crosstalk between ER and mitochondrial stress in CEnC. Methods Human corneal endothelial cell line (HCEnC-21T) and human corneal endothelial tissues were treated with ER stressor tunicamycin. ER stress-reducing chemical 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) was used in HCEnC-21T after tunicamycin. Fuchs' corneal endothelial cell line (F35T) was used to determine differential activation of ER stress with respect to HCEnC-21T at the baseline. ER stress, mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic apoptotic, mitochondrial fission, and fusion proteins were determined using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Mitochondrial bioenergetics were assessed by mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss and ATP production at 48 hours after tunicamycin. Mitochondria dynamics (shape, area, perimeter) were also analyzed at 24 hours using transmission electron microscopy. Results Treatment of HCEnC-21T cell line with tunicamycin activated three ER stress pathways (PERK-eIF2α-CHOP, IRE1α-XBP1, and ATF6), reduced cell viability, upregulated mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic apoptotic molecules (cleaved caspase 9, caspase 3, PARP, Bax, cytochrome C), downregulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, initiated mitochondrial dysfunction by loss of MMP and lowering of ATP production, and caused mitochondrial swelling and fragmentation with increased expression of mitochondrial fission proteins (Fis1 and p-Drp1). Fuchs' CEnC (F35T) cell line also showed activation of the ER stress-related proteins (p-eIF2α, GRP78, CHOP, XBP1) compared to HCEnC-21T at the baseline. The 4-PBA ameliorated cell loss and reduced cleaved caspase 3 and 9, thereby rescuing tunicamycin-induced cell death but not mitochondrial bioenergetics in HCEnC-21T cell line. Conclusions Tunicamycin-induced ER stress disrupts mitochondrial bioenegetics, dynamics and contributes to the loss of CEnC viability. This novel study highlights the importance of ER-mitochondria crosstalk and its contribution to CEnCs apoptosis, seen in many corneal diseases, including FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Qureshi
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Stephanie Lee
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - William Steidl
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Lukas Ritzer
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Michael Parise
- Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Ananya Chaubal
- Herricks High School, New Hyde Park, New York, United States
| | - Varun Kumar
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
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14
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Ge S, Wang K, Meng Y, He Z, Yang X, Shang W, Wang L. Silencing POLE2 promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinomas by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2023; 40:304. [PMID: 37733085 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck at present, but the mechanism of its occurrence and development is still unclear, and there is still a lack of effective targeting drugs. The second major subunit of DNA polymerase (POLE2) has exonuclease activity and can catalyze the replication and modification of new chains. Our previous studies have found that it is associated with OSCC progression, but the mechanism is unclear.The expression of POLE2 in OSCC was detected by immunological method. The expression of POLE2 was inhibited in OSCC cells, and the biological function of the cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were detected by colony formation, MTT, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell. The expression level of POLE2 gene in OSCC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. In addition, the expression level of POLE2 gene was significantly different from the tumor type and prognosis. During the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma, silencing POLE2 inhibits the proliferation of oral cancer cells and promotes apoptosis. The results of animal experiments also support the positive correlation between POLE2 and OSCC progression. We further demonstrated that POLE2 can up-regulate the downregulation of apoptosis-related proteins such as Caspase3, CD40, CD40L, DR6, Fas, IGFBP-6, P21, and SMAC. In addition, POLE2 regulates OSCC progression by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. POLE2 is closely related to the progression of OSCC, and POLE2 may be a potential target for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyou Ge
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxiang Meng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Zongxuan He
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaochen Yang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
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15
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Dong C, Li Z, Wang X, Zou D, Duan H, Zhao C, Zhou Q, Shi W. SRT1720 attenuates UVA-induced corneal endothelial damage via inhibition of oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis. Exp Eye Res 2023; 231:109464. [PMID: 37015319 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Corneal endothelium is mostly sensitive to oxidative pressure and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the oxidative-antioxidant mechanism of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) remains partially defined. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a well-studied therapeutic target of oxidative damage. This study aimed to determine the SIRT1 expression in ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced corneal endothelial damage and explore potential drugs to repair corneal endothelial oxidative injury. In this study, we showed that CECs exhibited cellular apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and decreased SIRT1 expression. In addition, UVA induced the imbalance of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, involving in mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial fusion/fission and mitochondrial energy metabolism. SRT1720, the SIRT1 activator, effectively increased SIRT1 expression and attenuated UVA-induced cell damage in CECs. The therapeutic effects of SRT1720 for corneal endothelial oxidative damage were also verified in UVA-irradiated mice model. Our findings indicated that SIRT1 maintained the oxidant-antioxidant balance in corneal endothelium, suggesting a new promising therapeutic target for corneal endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Dong
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Dulei Zou
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China.
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16
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Chiarelli-Neto O, Garcez ML, Pavani C, Martins W, de Abreu Quintela Castro FC, Ambrosio RP, Meotti FC, Baptista MS. Inflammatory stimulus worsens the effects of UV-A exposure on J774 cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 239:112647. [PMID: 36634432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
UV-A radiation affects skin homeostasis by promoting oxidative distress. Endogenous photosensitizers in the dermis and epidermis of human skin absorb UV-A radiation forming excited states (singlet and triplet) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing oxidized compounds that trigger biological responses. The activation of NF-kB induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and can intensify the generation of ROS. However, there is no studies evaluating the cross talks between inflammatory stimulus and UV-A exposure on the levels of redox misbalance and inflammation. In here, we evaluated the effects of UV-A exposure on J774 macrophage cells previously challenged with LPS in terms of oxidative distress, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and activation of regulated cell death pathways. Our results showed that LPS potentiates the dose-dependent UV-A-induced oxidative distress and cytokine release, in addition to amplifying the regulated (autophagy and apoptosis) and non-regulated (necrosis) mechanisms of cell death, indicating that a previous inflammatory stimulus potentiates UV-A-induced cell damage. We discuss these results in terms of the current-available skin care strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Chiarelli-Neto
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Química IQUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo-UNESC, Brazil
| | | | - Christiane Pavani
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Uninove, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Waleska Martins
- Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, Stricto-sensu, Kroton, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flavia Carla Meotti
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Química IQUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Química IQUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Hepatoprotective Effects of Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) on Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Damage via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235082. [PMID: 36501112 PMCID: PMC9737327 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol and drug overdoses cause liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatitis, and liver cancer globally. In particular, an overdose of acetaminophen (APAP), which is generally used as an analgesic and antipyretic agent, is a major cause of acute hepatitis, and cases of APAP-induced liver damage are steadily increasing. Potential antioxidants may inhibit the generation of free radicals and prevent drug-induced liver damage. Among plant-derived natural materials, radishes (RJ) and turnips (RG) have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties due to the presence of functional ingredients, such as glucosinolate and isothiocyanate. Although various functions have been reported, in vivo studies on the antioxidant activity of radishes are insufficient. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of RG and RJ in APAP-induced liver-damaged mice. RG and RJ extracts markedly improved the histological status, such as inflammation and infiltration, of mice liver tissue, significantly decreased the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde, and significantly increased the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the APAP-induced liver-damaged mice. In addition, RG and RJ extracts significantly increased the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1, which are antioxidative-related factors, and regulated the BAX and BCL-2, thereby showing anti-apoptosis activity. These results indicated that RG and RJ extracts protected mice against acute liver injury, attributed to a reduction in both oxidative stress and apoptosis. These findings have clinical implications for the use of RG and RJ extracts as potential natural candidates for developing hepatoprotective agents.
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Zhang X, Qiu J, Huang F, Shan K, Zhang C. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Makes Corneal Endothelial Cells Vulnerable to Ultraviolet A-Induced Oxidative Damage Via Decreased DJ-1/Nrf2/NQO1 Pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:25. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.12.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jini Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Shan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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19
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Maiti G, Monteiro de Barros MR, Hu N, Dolgalev I, Roshan M, Foster JW, Tsirigos A, Wahlin KJ, Chakravarti S. Single cell RNA-seq of human cornea organoids identifies cell fates of a developing immature cornea. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac246. [PMID: 36712326 PMCID: PMC9802453 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The cornea is a protective and refractive barrier in the eye crucial for vision. Understanding the human cornea in health, disease, and cell-based treatments can be greatly advanced with cornea organoids developed in culture from induced pluripotent stem cells. While a limited number of studies have investigated the single-cell transcriptomic composition of the human cornea, its organoids have not been examined similarly. Here, we elucidated the transcriptomic cell fate map of 4-month-old human cornea organoids and human donor corneas. The organoids harbor cell clusters that resemble cells of the corneal epithelium, stroma, and endothelium, with subpopulations that capture signatures of early developmental states. Unlike the adult cornea where the largest cell population is stromal, the organoids contain large proportions of epithelial and endothelial-like cells. These corneal organoids offer a 3D model to study corneal diseases and integrated responses of different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Maiti
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Building, Fifth Floor 435 E 30th, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Maithê Rocha Monteiro de Barros
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Building, Fifth Floor 435 E 30th, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Building, Fifth Floor 435 E 30th, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Building, Eighth Floor, 435 E 30th, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mona Roshan
- University of California San Diego, ACTRI Building Rm Lower level 3E419, 9452 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - James W Foster
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins school of Medicine, Smith M037, 400 Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Building, Eighth Floor, 435 E 30th, New York, NY 10016, USA,Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Science Building, Fifth Floor 435 E 30th, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Karl J Wahlin
- University of California San Diego, ACTRI Building Rm Lower level 3E419, 9452 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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20
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Zhu S, Zhao Z, Qin W, Liu T, Yang Y, Wang Z, Ma H, Wang X, Liu T, Qi D, Guo P, Pi J, Tian B, Zhang H, Li N. The Nanostructured lipid carrier gel of Oroxylin A reduced UV-induced skin oxidative stress damage. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112578. [PMID: 35636325 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress damage caused by sun exposure damages the appearance and function of the skin, which is one of the essential inducements of skin aging and even leads to skin cancer. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid with excellent antioxidant activity and has protective effects against photoaging induced by UV irradiation. However, the strong barrier function of the skin stratum corneum prevents transdermal absorption of the drug, which limits the application of OA in dermal drug delivery. Studies have shown that nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) can promote not only transdermal absorption of drugs but also increase drug stability and control drug release efficiency, which has broad prospects for clinical applications. In this paper, NLC loaded with OA (OA-NLC) was prepared in order to improve the skin permeability and stability of OA. In vitro studies revealed that OA-NLC had better therapeutic effects than OA solution (OA-Sol) in the cellular model of UVB radiation. OA-Sol and OA-NLC were immobilized in a hydrogel matrix to facilitate application to the dorsal skin of mice. It was found that OA-NLC-gel showed significant antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity compared to OA-Sol-gel, which was able to protect against skin damage in mice after UV radiation. These results suggest that OA-NLC can improve the deficiencies of OA in skin delivery and show better resistance to UV-induced oxidative damage. The application of OA-NLC to skin delivery systems has good prospects and deserves further development and investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhu
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhao
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wenxiao Qin
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zijing Wang
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hongfei Ma
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dongli Qi
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Pan Guo
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - JiaXin Pi
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - BaoCheng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Nan Li
- State Key laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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21
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Li N, Liu T, Zhu S, Yang Y, Wang Z, Zhao Z, Liu T, Wang X, Qin W, Yan Y, Liu Y, Xia Q, Zhang H. Corylin from Psoralea fructus (Psoralea corylifolia L.) protects against UV-induced skin aging by activating Nrf2 defense mechanisms. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3276-3294. [PMID: 35821646 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress damage can lead to premature skin aging or age-related skin disorders. Therefore, strategies to improve oxidative stress-induced aging are needed to protect the skin and to treat skin diseases. This study aimed to determine whether the flavonoid corylin derived from Psoralea corylifolia can prevent UV-induced skin aging and if so, to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. We found that corylin potently blocked UV-induced skin photoaging in mice by reducing oxidative stress and increasing the nuclear expression of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 Nrf2. We also found that corylin stimulated Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus and increased the delivery of its target antioxidant genes together with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) to dissociate Nrf2. These findings indicate that corylin could prevent skin aging by inhibiting oxidative stress via Keap1-Nrf2 in mouse cells. Thus, Nrf2 activation might be a therapeutic target for preventing skin aging or skin diseases caused by aging. Our findings also provided evidence that warrants the further investigation of plant ingredients to facilitate the discovery of novel therapies targeting skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiao Qin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Yan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chinese Medical College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Xia
- Chinese Medical College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co-Constructed by the Province-Ministry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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22
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Chaiprasongsuk A, Panich U. Role of Phytochemicals in Skin Photoprotection via Regulation of Nrf2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:823881. [PMID: 35645796 PMCID: PMC9133606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.823881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological studies have become increasingly valuable in the development of botanical products and their bioactive phytochemicals as novel and effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for various diseases including skin photoaging and photodamage-related skin problems including abnormal pigmentation and inflammation. Exploring the roles of phytochemicals in mitigating ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced skin damage is thus of importance to offer insights into medicinal and ethnopharmacological potential for development of novel and effective photoprotective agents. UVR plays a role in the skin premature aging (or photoaging) or impaired skin integrity and function through triggering various biological responses of skin cells including apoptosis, oxidative stress, DNA damage and inflammation. In addition, melanin produced by epidermal melanocytes play a protective role against UVR-induced skin damage and therefore hyperpigmentation mediated by UV irradiation could reflect a sign of defensive response of the skin to stress. However, alteration in melanin synthesis may be implicated in skin damage, particularly in individuals with fair skin. Oxidative stress induced by UVR contributes to the process of skin aging and inflammation through the activation of related signaling pathways such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1), the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) in epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. ROS formation induced by UVR also plays a role in regulation of melanogenesis in melanocytes via modulating MAPK, PI3K/Akt and the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R)-microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) signaling cascades. Additionally, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-regulated antioxidant defenses can affect the major signaling pathways involved in regulation of photoaging, inflammation associated with skin barrier dysfunction and melanogenesis. This review thus highlights the roles of phytochemicals potentially acting as Nrf2 inducers in improving photoaging, inflammation and hyperpigmentation via regulation of cellular homeostasis involved in skin integrity and function. Taken together, understanding the role of phytochemicals targeting Nrf2 in photoprotection could provide an insight into potential development of natural products as a promising strategy to delay skin photoaging and improve skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uraiwan Panich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Uraiwan Panich,
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23
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Chen L, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Tian P, Yu L, Bai L, Zhou F, Yang Y, Cheng Y, Wang F, Zheng L, Jiang F, Zhu Y. Microfluidic-based in vitro thrombosis model for studying microplastics toxicity. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1344-1353. [PMID: 35179168 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00989c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of microplastics (MPs) on health has caused great concern, and a toxicology platform that realistically reproduces the system behaviour is urgently needed to further explore and validate MP-related health issues. Herein, we introduce an optically assisted thrombus platform to reveal the interaction of MPs with the vascular system. The risk of accumulation has also been evaluated using a mouse model, and the effect of MPs on the properties of the thrombus are validated via in vitro experiments. The microfluidic system is endothelialized, and the regional tissue injury-induced thrombosis is then realized through optical irradiation. Whole blood is perfused with MPs, and the invasion process visualized and recorded. The mouse model shows a cumulative risk in the blood with continuous exposure to MPs (P-value < 0.0001). The on-chip results show that MP invasion leads to decreased binding of fibrin to platelets (P-value < 0.0001), which is consistent with the results of the in vitro experiments, and shows a high risk of thrombus shedding in real blood flow compared with normal thrombus. This work provides a new method to further reveal MP-related health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Yantong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Pengfu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Long Bai
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Fenghua Jiang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
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24
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The potential inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rh2 on mitophagy in UV-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:646-656. [PMID: 36090683 PMCID: PMC9459079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to its use as a health food, ginseng is used in cosmetics and shampoo because of its extensive health benefits. The ginsenoside, Rh2, is a component of ginseng that inhibits tumor cell proliferation and differentiation, promotes insulin secretion, improves insulin sensitivity, and shows antioxidant effects. Methods The effects of Rh2 on cell survival, extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression, and cell differentiation were examined. The antioxidant effects of Rh2 in UV-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells were also examined. The effects of Rh2 on mitochondrial function, morphology, and mitophagy were investigated in UV-irradiated NHDF cells. Results Rh2 treatment promoted the proliferation of NHDF cells. Additionally, Rh2 increased the expression levels of ECM proteins and growth-associated immediate-early genes in ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated NHDF cells. Rh2 also affected antioxidant protein expression and increased total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, treatment with Rh2 ameliorated the changes in mitochondrial morphology, induced the recovery of mitochondrial function, and inhibited the initiation of mitophagy in UV-irradiated NHDF cells. Conclusion Rh2 inhibits mitophagy and reinstates mitochondrial ATP production and membrane potential in NHDF cells damaged by UV exposure, leading to the recovery of ECM, cell proliferation, and antioxidant capacity.
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25
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Hsueh YJ, Chen YN, Tsao YT, Cheng CM, Wu WC, Chen HC. The Pathomechanism, Antioxidant Biomarkers, and Treatment of Oxidative Stress-Related Eye Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031255. [PMID: 35163178 PMCID: PMC8835903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and provides updates on the relevant research. We review the oxidative damage (e.g., lipid peroxidation, DNA lesions, autophagy, and apoptosis) that occurs in different areas of the eye (e.g., cornea, anterior chamber, lens, retina, and optic nerve). We then introduce the antioxidant mechanisms present in the eye, as well as the ocular diseases that occur as a result of antioxidant imbalances (e.g., keratoconus, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma), the relevant antioxidant biomarkers, and the potential of predictive diagnostics. Finally, we discuss natural antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress-related ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Hsueh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ning Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tsao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (ext. 7855); Fax: +886-3-328-7798
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Gong Q, Wang M, Jiang Y, Zha C, Yu D, Lei F, Luo Y, Feng Y, Yang S, Li J, Du L. The abrupt pathological deterioration of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury: Emerging of a critical time point. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00895. [PMID: 34817124 PMCID: PMC8611776 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP), an anticancer drug, often causes kidney damage. However, the mechanism of CP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is not completely understood. AKI was induced by intravenous injection (i.v.) of cisplatin at doses of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg. Anemoside B4 (B4) (20 mg/kg, i.m.) and dexamethasone (DXM) (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) were used for AKI treatment. Biochemical indicators were assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, protein expression was analyzed by western blotting, and morphological changes in the kidney were examined by PAS staining. The serum creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels did not change significantly in the first 2 days but abruptly increased on the third day after CP injection. The serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels decreased in both a time- and dose-dependent manner. The urine protein level increased, the clearing rate of Cre decreased distinctly, and morphologic changes appeared in a dose-dependent manner. The protein expression of p53/caspase-3, NLRP3, IL-6, and TNF-α was obviously upregulated on day 3; concurrently, nephrin and podocin were downregulated. The expression of LC3II and p62 was upregulated significantly as the CP dose increased. B4 and DXM obviously decreased the BUN and Cre levels after 3 or 5 days of treatment. AKI appeared distinctly in a time-dependent manner at 2 to 5 days after the administration of 5 mg/kg CP and in a dose-dependent manner upon the administration of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg CP. The third day was a significant time point for renal deterioration, and treatment with B4 and DXM within the first 3 days provided significant protection against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gong
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Mulan Wang
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Ya Jiang
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Chengliang Zha
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Dong Yu
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Fan Lei
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yingying Luo
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Yulin Feng
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Shilin Yang
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Jun Li
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Lijun Du
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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Ng KH, Subrayan V, Ramachandran V, Ismail F. Screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms among fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy subjects in Malaysia. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The pathophysiology underlying Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD), especially in older individuals, remains unclear, with a genetic predisposition being reported as the single best predictor of the disease. Genetic studies have shown that several genes in various loci such as COL8A2, SLC4A11, TCF8/ZEB1 and TCF4 are associated with FECD in different populations and ethnicities. A case–control study was conducted to determine the association between genetic variants and FECD in a tertiary care setting in Malaysia. A total number of 12 patients with clinically diagnosed FECD and 12 age, gender and race matched control subjects were recruited. Extracted genomic DNA were genotyped using Infinium Global Screening Array (GSA)-24 version 1.0 BeadChip with iScan high-throughput system. Illumina GenomeStudio 2.0 Data Analysis and PLINK version 1.9 software were used to perform association tests and determine the distribution of obtained variants among the cases and controls.
Results
A significant novel genetic variant, rs11626651, a variant of the LOC105370676 gene or known as the LINC02320 gene, located at chromosome 14, has been identified as a suggestive association with FECD (p < 5 × 10−6). Further analysis in this study suggested that candidate genes such as COL8A2, ZEB1/TCF8, TCF4 and SLC4A11 had no significant associations with FECD.
Conclusions
The discovery of a novel variant may influence the underlying pathogenic basis of FECD in Malaysia. The current study is the first genetic study on FECD to use Infinium GSA. It is the first comprehensive report in Malaysia to provide genetic information of potential relevance to FECD, which may pave the way for new therapeutic strategies in the future. A detailed analysis with a larger sample size is recommended for further evaluation.
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Yu Z, Efstathiou NE, Correa VSMC, Chen X, Ishihara K, Iesato Y, Narimatsu T, Ntentakis D, Chen Y, Vavvas DG. Receptor interacting protein 3 kinase, not 1 kinase, through MLKL-mediated necroptosis is involved in UVA-induced corneal endothelium cell death. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:366. [PMID: 34815387 PMCID: PMC8611008 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00757-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) is one of the most energetic radiations in the solar spectrum that can result in various tissue injury disorders. Previous studies demonstrated that UVA, which represents 95% of incident photovoltaic radiation, induces corneal endothelial cells (CECs) death. Programmed cell death (PCD) has been implicated in numerous ophthalmologic diseases. Here, we investigated receptor-interacting protein 3 kinase (RIPK3), a key signaling molecule of PCD, in UVA-induced injury using a short-term corneal endothelium (CE) culture model. UVA irradiation activated RIPK3 and mediated necroptosis both in mouse CE and primary human CECs (pHCECs). UVA irradiation was associated with upregulation of key necroptotic molecules (DAI, TRIF, and MLKL) that lie downstream of RIPK3. Moreover, RIPK3 inhibition or silencing in primary corneal endothelial cells suppresses UVA-induced cell death, along with downregulation of MLKL in pHCECs. In addition, genetic inhibition or knockout of RIPK3 in mice (RIPK3K51A and RIPK3-/- mice) similarly attenuates cell death and the levels of necroptosis in ex vivo UVA irradiation experiments. In conclusion, these results identify RIPK3, not RIPK1, as a critical regulator of UVA-induced cell death in CE and indicate its potential as a future protective target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Ophthalmic Laboratory, Jinan University, 518040 Shenzhen, China
| | - Nikolaos E. Efstathiou
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Victor S. M. C. Correa
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Kenji Ishihara
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Yasuhiro Iesato
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Toshio Narimatsu
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Dimitrios Ntentakis
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Yanyun Chen
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Demetrios G. Vavvas
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XRetina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
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Rinkoski TA, Bahler CK, Pacheco JM, Khanna ML, Holmes DM, Roy Chowdhury U, Baratz KH, Patel SV, Maguire LJ, Wieben ED, Fautsch MP. Characterization of a dual media system for culturing primary normal and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) endothelial cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258006. [PMID: 34587219 PMCID: PMC8480743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cultures of human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) are an important model system for studying the pathophysiology of corneal endothelium. The purpose of this study was to identify and validate an optimal primary culture model of normal and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) endothelial cells by comparing cell morphology and marker expression under different media conditions to in vivo donor tissues. Primary and immortalized HCECs, isolated from normal and FECD donors, were cultured in proliferation media (Joyce, M4, Bartakova) alone or sequentially with maturation media (F99, Stabilization 1, M5). CD56, CD73 and CD166 expressions were quantified in confluent and matured cell lines by flow cytometry. HCECs that were allowed to proliferate in Joyce's medium followed by maturation in low-mitogen containing media yielded cells with similar morphology to corneal endothelial tissues. Elevated expression of CD56 and CD166 and low expression of CD73 correlated with regular, hexagonal-like HCEC morphology. CD56:CD73 > 2.5 was most consistent with normal HCEC morphology and mimicked corneal endothelial tissue. Immortalization of normal HCECs by hTERT transduction showed morphology and CD56:CD73 ratios similar to parental cell lines. HCECs established from FECD donors showed reduced CD56:CD73 ratios compared to normal HCECs which coincided with reduced uniformity and regularity of cell monolayers. Overall, a dual media system with Joyce's medium for proliferation and a low-mitogen media for maturation, provided normal cultures with regular, hexagonal-like cell morphologies consistent with corneal endothelial cells in vivo. CD56:CD73 expression ratio >2.5 was predictive of in vivo-like cellular morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy A. Rinkoski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Cindy K. Bahler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Johann M. Pacheco
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Maya L. Khanna
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - David M. Holmes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Uttio Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Keith H. Baratz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Sanjay V. Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Leo J. Maguire
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Eric D. Wieben
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Fautsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang X, Dong C, Zhou Q, Duan H, Zou D, Gong Y, Ma B, Li Z, Shi W. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor PJ34 protects against UVA-induced oxidative damage in corneal endothelium. Apoptosis 2021; 26:600-611. [PMID: 34581992 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is one of the main causes for corneal endothelial blindness, which is characterized by the progressive decline of corneal endothelial cells. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was reported to be involved in cell death and apoptosis of several diseases. However, the role of PARP1 in the progression of FECD remains elusive. In the present study, we reported that UVA irradiation caused the corneal endothelial damage and corneal edema in mice, which was accompanied with the elevated activity of PARP1 and PAR. The PARP1 inhibitor PJ34 resolved the corneal edema and protected corneal endothelium from UVA-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, PARP1 inhibition exerted its anti-apoptotic effects through downregulation of the phosphorylation levels of JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK and subsequently the increase of MKP-1. Our results suggest that PARP1 inhibition protects corneal endothelium from UVA-induced oxidative damage, which provides a potential alternative strategy for the therapy of FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunxiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Dulei Zou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bochao Ma
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Weiyun Shi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Development and evaluation studies of Corylin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers gel for topical treatment of UV-induced skin aging. Exp Gerontol 2021; 153:111499. [PMID: 34329721 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We prepared nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to promote skin permeation of Corylin so that it can increase its effect on photoaging. Corylin-NLCs were prepared and characterized based on morphology, particle size, zeta potentials, FTIR and DSC. In vitro, we assess the cytotoxicity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of HaCaT cells irradiated by UVB. Expression of antioxidant enzymes was evaluated by commercial kits. The effects of Corylin-NLC on apoptosis were confirmed by flow cytometry and western blotting. In vivo, we use UV irradiated mouse as the oxidative stress model to assess the therapeutic effect of Corylin loaded NLC gel. We identified the Corylin-NLCs can significantly suppress the LDH release, decrease MDA content, increase in CAT, SOD, GSH-Px activity, increase the expression of Bcl-2/Bax protein and reduce the expression of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 protein on UVB induced HaCaT cells. The histopathological lesions were significantly improved and observably decreased MDA level, increase in antioxidant enzymes activity in serum of mice by pretreatment of Corylin-NLCs gel. Overall, this study proposes a promising strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of photoaging.
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Astaxanthin Relieves Busulfan-Induced Oxidative Apoptosis in Cultured Human Spermatogonial Stem Cells by Activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:374-394. [PMID: 34129218 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many child cancer patients endure anticancer therapy containing alkylating agents before sexual maturity. Busulfan (BU), as an alkylating agent, is a chemotherapy drug, causing DNA damage and cytotoxicity in germ cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of astaxanthin (AST), as a potent antioxidant and powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, on BU-induced toxicity in human spermatogonial stem cells. For this purpose, testes were obtained from four brain-dead donors. After tissue enzymatic digestions, testicular cells were cultured for 3 weeks for spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) isolation and purification. K562 cell line was cultured to survey the effect of AST on cancer treatment. The cultured SSCs and K562 cell line were finally treated with AST (10μM), BU (0.1nM), and AST+BU. The expression of NRF-2, HO-1, SOD2, SOD3, TP53, and apoptotic genes, including CASP9, CASP3, BCL2, and BAX, were assayed using real-time PCR. Moreover, ROS level in different groups and malondialdehyde level and total antioxidant capacity in cell contraction of SSCs were measured using ELISA. Data showed that AST significantly upregulated the expression of NRF-2 gene (P<0.001) and protein (P<0.005) and also significantly decreased the production of BU-induced ROS (P<0.001). AST activated the NRF-2/HO-1 pathway that could remarkably restrain BU-induced apoptosis in SSCs. Interestingly, AST upregulated the expression level of apoptosis genes in the K562 cell line. The results of this study indicated that AST reduces the side effects of BU on SSCs without interference with its chemotherapy effect on cancerous cells through modulation of the NRF-2/HO-1 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathways.
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Zaidi SBH, Ali Khan W. Is Pterygium Morphology Related to Loss of Corneal Endothelial Cells? A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:1259-1266. [PMID: 33790533 PMCID: PMC8001716 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s296531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the difference in mean corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) between the healthy and diseased eyes of the patients with unilateral pterygium with different morphology patterns by using a non-contact specular microscope (SP2000: Topcon Corporation, Japan) and to find out any relationship between severity of pterygium and daily sunlight exposure with the CECD loss. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional prospective study was carried out at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital (ASTEH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan from 21st January 2019 to 22nd January 2020. Two hundred eyes (n= 100 patients) of age range18 -68 years with unilateral pterygium were selected. Necessary demographic data and essential variables like age, smoking status, occupation, and daily direct sunlight exposure were determined. The severity of pterygium (grading) based on its morphology was determined by slit-lamp examination. CECD of each patient was carried out using a non-contact Specular Microscope. The healthy eye (without pterygium) of a patient was considered as control. Results The age range in this study was 18–68 years, with a mean age of 43.80 ± 24.37 years with a male to female ratio of 1.6:1 (62.00% males vs 38% females). Out of six occupations, the most common occupation was labour/construction work (n=31) followed by farming (n=27). The study reported a mean corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) of 2411.61±143.64 vs 2751.41 ± 123.674 cells/mm2 in diseased and normal eyes, respectively (p-value = 0.0001). CECD was lower in grade 3 pterygium compared to less severe pterygium { grade 3 (Fleshy) =2261 cells/mm2 vs grade 2 (Intermediate)= 2413 cells/mm2 vs grade 1 (Atrophic)=2459 cells/mm2} although this difference between the groups was not found to be significant (p=0.065). No significant association between sunlight exposure and CECD loss was observed (p=0.065). Conclusion This study concluded that the mean corneal endothelial cell density in patients with unilateral pterygium using a non-contact specular microscope were 2411.61±143.64 cells/mm2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wajid Ali Khan
- Pakistan Institute of Ophthalmology (PIO), Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Zhang K, Zhao L, Zhu C, Nan W, Ding X, Dong Y, Zhao M. The effect of diabetes on corneal endothelium: a meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:78. [PMID: 33568093 PMCID: PMC7874671 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on corneal endothelial cells. METHODS The terms: ("diabetes mellitus" or "diabetes" or "diabetic") and ("corneal endothelium" or "cornea" or "Corneas") searched in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of science until August 2019. The included types of studies contained observational studies. The standard mean difference (SMD) which was deemed as main size effects for continuous data was calculated by means and standard deviations. The data on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), mean cell area (MCA), cell area variation coefficient (CV) and percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX) included in the study were collected and analyzed using stata15.1. RESULTS The final 16 cross-sectional studies and 2 case-control studies were included for the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus could reduce ECD (SMD = - 0.352, 95% CI -0.538, - 0.166) and the HEX (SMD = - 0.145, 95% CI -0.217, - 0.074), in addition to increasing CV (SMD = 0.195, 95% CI 0.123, 0.268). Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant differences observed when combining MCA (SMD = 0.078, 95% CI -0.022, 0.178). In subgroup analysis, Type 2 diabetes patients owned less corneal ECD (P < 0.05). Moreover the same results also found during the subgroup form Asia, Europe and American. The meta-regression revealed the type of diabetes mellitus might be contributing to heterogeneity. (P = 0.008). The results indicated a significant publication bias for studies, with combined CV (Begg's test, P = 0.006; Egger's test, P = 0.005) and merged combined HEX (Begg's test, P = 0.113; Egger's test, P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS As indicated by meta-analysis, diabetes mellitus could cause a detrimental effect on corneal endothelium health. Diabetes mellitus contributed to the instability of corneal endothelium during the analysis. Therefore, further research is considered necessary to confirm our research results. TRIAL REGISTRATION CED 42019145858 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China
| | - Liangliang Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China
| | - Weijin Nan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China
| | - Xinfen Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China
| | - Yuchen Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China
| | - Meisheng Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 13000, China.
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Chen Y, Feng J, Liu J, Zhou H, Luo H, Xue C, Gao W. Effects of neutron radiation on Nrf2-regulated antioxidant defense systems in rat lens. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:334. [PMID: 33732307 PMCID: PMC7903385 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cataract may be associated with oxidative stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) serves as a master regulator of the antioxidant defense system against oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of neutron radiation on the Nrf2-reegulated antioxidant defense system in rat lens and assess the status of oxidative stress. A total of 24 SD rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: i) Control group; iis) 0.4 Sv group; iii) 1.2 Sv group; and iv) 3.6 Sv group. The rats were sacrificed 7 days after radiation and lenses were dissected for histological, biochemical (malondialdehyde, glutathione and superoxide dismutase) and western blot (Nrf2, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and heme oxygenase 1) analyses. The morphological features of the lenses remained intact in the 0.4 Sv, 1.2 Sv and control groups, whilst the lenses in the 3.6 Sv group exhibited injuries. Results from the TUNEL assay demonstrated apparent apoptosis in lens epithelial cells following 3.6 Sv neutron radiation whereas sparse apoptosis was observed following 0.4 Sv and 1.2 Sv radiation. Malondialdehyde levels were reduced in the 0.4 Sv and 1.2 Sv groups but increased in the 3.6 Sv group, compared with those in the control group. Conversely, glutathione expression and the activity of superoxide dismutase were higher in the 0.4 Sv and 1.2 Sv groups, but lower in the 3.6 Sv group, compared with those in the control group. In addition, the total and nuclear protein levels of Nrf2 were increased following neutron radiation compared with those in the control group, though the Nrf2 protein levels decreased in the 3.6 Sv group compared with those in the 1.2 Sv group. The levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and heme oxygenase 1, downstream antioxidant enzymes of Nrf2, demonstrated the same profile as that in Nrf2. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that neutron radiation affects Nrf2-regulated antioxidant systems in a two-stage process. Namely, the induction phase for low-dose radiation and regression phase for high-dose radiation. Therefore, it was hypothesized that activation and enhancement of the Nrf2-regulated antioxidant system may be useful in preventing or delaying IR-induced cataract, which may be extended even for other diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jundong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, P.R. China
| | - Huiyao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Ong Tone S, Kocaba V, Böhm M, Wylegala A, White TL, Jurkunas UV. Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: The vicious cycle of Fuchs pathogenesis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 80:100863. [PMID: 32438095 PMCID: PMC7648733 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the most common primary corneal endothelial dystrophy and the leading indication for corneal transplantation worldwide. FECD is characterized by the progressive decline of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and the formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) excrescences in Descemet's membrane (DM), called guttae, that lead to corneal edema and loss of vision. FECD typically manifests in the fifth decades of life and has a greater incidence in women. FECD is a complex and heterogeneous genetic disease where interaction between genetic and environmental factors results in cellular apoptosis and aberrant ECM deposition. In this review, we will discuss a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and exogenous factors in inciting oxidative stress, auto(mito)phagy, unfolded protein response, and mitochondrial dysfunction during CEC degeneration. Specifically, we explore the factors that influence cellular fate to undergo apoptosis, senescence, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These findings will highlight the importance of abnormal CEC-DM interactions in triggering the vicious cycle of FECD pathogenesis. We will also review clinical characteristics, diagnostic tools, and current medical and surgical management options for FECD patients. These new paradigms in FECD pathogenesis present an opportunity to develop novel therapeutics for the treatment of FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Ong Tone
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Viridiana Kocaba
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Myriam Böhm
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adam Wylegala
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tomas L White
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Subramaniam MD, Iyer M, Nair AP, Venkatesan D, Mathavan S, Eruppakotte N, Kizhakkillach S, Chandran MK, Roy A, Gopalakrishnan AV, Vellingiri B. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial transfer: A new dimension towards ocular diseases. Genes Dis 2020; 9:610-637. [PMID: 35782976 PMCID: PMC9243399 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular cells like, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialized pigmented monolayer of post-mitotic cells, which is located in the posterior segment of the eye between neuro sensory retina and vascular choroid. It functions as a selective barrier and nourishes retinal visual cells. As a result of high-level oxygen consumption of retinal cells, RPE cells are vulnerable to chronic oxidative stress and an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from mitochondria. These oxidative stress and ROS generation in retinal cells lead to RPE degeneration. Various sources including mtDNA damage could be an important factor of oxidative stress in RPE. Gene therapy and mitochondrial transfer studies are emerging fields in ocular disease research. For retinal degenerative diseases stem cell-based transplantation methods are developed from basic research to preclinical and clinical trials. Translational research contributions of gene and cell therapy would be a new strategy to prevent, treat and cure various ocular diseases. This review focuses on the effect of oxidative stress in ocular cell degeneration and recent translational researches on retinal degenerative diseases to cure blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohana Devi Subramaniam
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Zoology, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aswathy P. Nair
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhivya Venkatesan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sinnakaruppan Mathavan
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nimmisha Eruppakotte
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumya Kizhakkillach
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manoj kumar Chandran
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayan Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 600127, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
- Corresponding author. Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell, Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.Fax: +91 422 2422387.
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Lovatt M, Kocaba V, Hui Neo DJ, Soh YQ, Mehta JS. Nrf2: A unifying transcription factor in the pathogenesis of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101763. [PMID: 33099215 PMCID: PMC7578533 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), is an oxidative stress induced transcription factor that regulates cytoprotective gene expression. Thus, Nrf2 is essential for cellular redox homeostasis. Loss or dysregulation of Nrf2 expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases, including diseases of the cornea. One of the most common diseases of the cornea in which Nrf2 is implicated is Fuchs' endothelial cornea dystrophy (FECD). FECD is the leading indication for corneal transplantation; and is associated with a loss of corneal endothelial cell (CEC) function. In this review, we propose that Nrf2 is an essential regulator of CEC function. Furthermore, we demonstrate that deficiency of Nrf2 function is a hallmark of FECD. In addition, we advocate that pharmacological targeting of Nrf2 as a possible therapy for FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Lovatt
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Viridiana Kocaba
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery (NIIOS), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dawn Jing Hui Neo
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Yu Qiang Soh
- Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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Price MO, Mehta JS, Jurkunas UV, Price FW. Corneal endothelial dysfunction: Evolving understanding and treatment options. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 82:100904. [PMID: 32977001 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cornea is exquisitely designed to protect the eye while transmitting and focusing incoming light. Precise control of corneal hydration by the endothelial cell layer that lines the inner surface of the cornea is required for optimal transparency, and endothelial dysfunction or damage can result in corneal edema and visual impairment. Advances in corneal transplantation now allow selective replacement of dysfunctional corneal endothelium, providing rapid visual rehabilitation. A series of technique improvements have minimized complications and various adaptations allow use even in eyes with complicated anatomy. While selective endothelial keratoplasty sets a very high standard for safety and efficacy, a shortage of donor corneas in many parts of the world restricts access, prompting a search for alternatives. Clinical trials are underway to evaluate the potential for self-recovery after removal of dysfunctional central endothelium in patients with healthy peripheral endothelium. Various approaches to using cultured human corneal endothelial cells are also in clinical trials; these aim to multiply cells from a single donor cornea for use in potentially hundreds of patients. Pre-clinical studies are underway with induced pluripotent stem cells, endothelial stem cell regeneration, gene therapy, anti-sense oligonucleotides, and various biologic/pharmacologic approaches designed to treat, prevent, or retard corneal endothelial dysfunction. The availability of more therapeutic options will hopefully expand access around the world while also allowing treatment to be more precisely tailored to each individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne O Price
- Cornea Research Foundation of America, 9002 N. Meridian St., Suite 212, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Ave #08-00, 168751, Singapore
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francis W Price
- Price Vision Group, 9002 N. Meridian St., Suite 100, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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40
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Jiang GJ, Fan TJ. Novel techniques to prevent apoptosis and improve regeneration in corneal endothelial cells. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2020.1794821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jian Jiang
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ting-Jun Fan
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Zhu Y, Chen G, Song Y, Chen Z, Chen X. POLE2 knockdown reduce tumorigenesis in esophageal squamous cells. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:388. [PMID: 32831648 PMCID: PMC7422519 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most frequent malignant tumors originated from digestive system around the world and the treatment was limited by the unclear mechanism. DNA polymerase epsilon 2, accessory subunit (POLE2) is involved in DNA replication, repair, and cell cycle control, whose association with ESCC is still not clear. Methods In this study, the expression level of POLE2 in ESCC tissues was detected by IHC. The POLE2 knockdown cell line was constructed, identified by qPCR and western blot and used for detecting cellular functions and constructing xenotransplantation mice model. MTT Assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay and Transwell assay were used to detected cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Results We firstly identified that the expression of POLE2 was overexpressed in ESCC. Moreover, the high expression of POLE2 can predict the tumor deterioration and poor prognosis of ESCC patients. Additionally, downregulation of POLE2 was involved in ESCC progression by promoting proliferation, migration, and inhibiting apoptosis in vitro. In vivo studies proved that POLE2 was positively correlated with ESCC tumor formation, which was consistent with the results in vitro. We also illuminated that POLE2 knockdown upregulated pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Caspase3, CD40L, FasL, IGFBP-5 and P21) and downregulated anti-apoptotic proteins (CLAP-2, IGF-I and sTNF-R2). In addition, POLE2 was involved in ESCC via targeting PI3K/Akt, Cyclin D1 signaling pathway. Conclusions Therefore, POLE2 was proved to be involved in the development of ESCC, which may be a potential therapeutic target and bring new breakthroughs in the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Mid, Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Mid, Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Mid, Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Mid, Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Mid, Wulumuqi Rd, Shanghai, China
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Fautsch MP, Wieben ED, Baratz KH, Bhattacharyya N, Sadan AN, Hafford-Tear NJ, Tuft SJ, Davidson AE. TCF4-mediated Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: Insights into a common trinucleotide repeat-associated disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 81:100883. [PMID: 32735996 PMCID: PMC7988464 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a common cause for heritable visual loss in the elderly. Since the first description of an association between FECD and common polymorphisms situated within the transcription factor 4 (TCF4) gene, genetic and molecular studies have implicated an intronic CTG trinucleotide repeat (CTG18.1) expansion as a causal variant in the majority of FECD patients. To date, several non-mutually exclusive mechanisms have been proposed that drive and/or exacerbate the onset of disease. These mechanisms include (i) TCF4 dysregulation; (ii) toxic gain-of-function from TCF4 repeat-containing RNA; (iii) toxic gain-of-function from repeat-associated non-AUG dependent (RAN) translation; and (iv) somatic instability of CTG18.1. However, the relative contribution of these proposed mechanisms in disease pathogenesis is currently unknown. In this review, we summarise research implicating the repeat expansion in disease pathogenesis, define the phenotype-genotype correlations between FECD and CTG18.1 expansion, and provide an update on research tools that are available to study FECD as a trinucleotide repeat expansion disease. Furthermore, ongoing international research efforts to develop novel CTG18.1 expansion-mediated FECD therapeutics are highlighted and we provide a forward-thinking perspective on key unanswered questions that remain in the field. FECD is a common, age-related corneal dystrophy. The majority of cases are associated with expansion of a CTG repeat (CTG18.1). FECD is the most common trinucleotide repeat expansion disease in humans. Evidence supports multiple molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology. Novel CTG18.1-targeted therapeutics are in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Fautsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, 200 1st St SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Eric D Wieben
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 200 1st St SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Keith H Baratz
- Department of Ophthalmology, 200 1st St SW, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | | | - Amanda N Sadan
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, ECIV 9EL, UK.
| | | | - Stephen J Tuft
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, ECIV 9EL, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
| | - Alice E Davidson
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, ECIV 9EL, UK.
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Understanding the role of p38 and JNK mediated MAPK pathway in response to UV-A induced photoaging in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 205:111844. [PMID: 32172136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Premature aging of the skin, principally induced by the UV radiations is called as photoaging, characterized by an increase in the level of ROS and the damage of the collagen layer leading to the damage of the cells. Mitogen activated Protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is known to mediate photoaging by controlling the level of ROS and initiating detoxification. Caenorhabditis elegans, a known model to analyze photoaging was used to understand the role of MAPK pathway (p38 and JNK) during UV-A mediated photoaging. Gene specific mutants of p38 MAPK pathway showed reduced survival when exposed to UV-A suggesting that UV-A mediated photoaging was dependent on this pathway. Also, the role of SKN-1 in eliciting response against UV-A was analyzed with the help of GFP tagged strains and qPCR analysis. Further, UV-A did not have any impact on the lifespan of JNK pathway mutants suggesting the importance of the pathway in eliciting a response against UV-A exposure, which was further validated by Western blot analysis. Overall, this study suggests that MAPK pathway could play an important part in initiating and eliciting a response by the host against UV-A exposure, by which it could be used as a marker to analyze the effects of photoaging.
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Tian F, Zhao J, Bu S, Teng H, Yang J, Zhang X, Li X, Dong L. KLF6 Induces Apoptosis in Human Lens Epithelial Cells Through the ATF4-ATF3-CHOP Axis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1041-1055. [PMID: 32210535 PMCID: PMC7069589 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s218467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Many studies have confirmed that high myopia is related to the high prevalence of cataracts, which results from apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) due to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) is a tumor suppressor that is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Purpose In this study, our purpose was to find the relationship between KLF6-induced apoptosis in LECs and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4)-ATF3 (activating transcription factor 3)-CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein) signaling pathway. Methods KLF6, ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP were ectopically expressed using cDNAs subcloned into the pCDNA3.1+ vector. ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP knockdown were performed by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Expression of relative gene was tested using QT-PCR and western-blot. Then, accompanied by UVB stimulation, cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay; The cell damage was examined by live & dead staining; The apoptotic markers Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by immunoblotting; Quantitative apoptotic levels were measured with the Apoptosis Detection Kit; The expression level of reactive oxygen-free radical (ROS) was analyzed by DCFH-DA` probe. Results Ectopically expressed ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP-induced apoptosis in cells, whereas ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) blocked KLF6-induced apoptosis. In addition, we determined that ATF4 regulates ATF3 and CHOP expression and that ATF3 silencing reduces CHOP upregulation without changing ATF4 levels; however, ATF4 and ATF3 expression was unaffected by blockade of CHOP, suggesting that KLF6 triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress in LECs by mediating the ATF4-ATF3/CHOP axis. Besides, KLF6 overexpression significantly induced LEC apoptosis under UV radiation, as demonstrated by the elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Conclusion The ATF4-ATF3-CHOP pathway plays an important role in KLF6-induced apoptosis in HLECs. Our results increase our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate LEC apoptosis and contribute to the development of a new preventative strategy for cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhi Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaochong Bu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - He Teng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Hu Y, Atik A, Qi W, Yuan L. The association between primary pterygium and corneal endothelial cell density. Clin Exp Optom 2020; 103:778-781. [PMID: 32043282 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate corneal endothelial cell density in eyes with primary pterygium. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted to compare endothelial cell density between 1,565 patients with primary pterygium and 3,448 patients without pterygium. Then a prospective study was designed to confirm the findings of the retrospective study in 95 patients with unilateral primary pterygium. RESULTS In the retrospective study, the mean endothelial cell density in eyes with primary pterygium was significantly lower (2,454 ± 303 cells/mm2 ) than those in eyes without pterygium (2,525 ± 312 cells/mm2 , p < 0.0001). However, the difference was not as high as previously reported (71 cells/mm2 , 2.9 per cent). In the prospective study, there was no significant difference in mean endothelial cell density in eyes with unilateral primary pterygium (2,480 ± 263 cells/mm2 ) and the contralateral eyes with no pterygium (2,527 ± 277 cells/mm2 , p = 0.20). There was also no significant difference in hexagonality (p = 0.10) or co-efficient of variation of size (p = 0.15) of corneal endothelial cells between eyes with pterygium and the contralateral eyes with no pterygium. CONCLUSION Primary pterygium may not be associated with a decrease in endothelial cell density in our study population of rural Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Hu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Institute of Refractive Surgery, Refractive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alp Atik
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wei Qi
- Shanwei Eye Hospital, Shanwei, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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46
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Miyajima T, Melangath G, Zhu S, Deshpande N, Vasanth S, Mondal B, Kumar V, Chen Y, Price MO, Price FW, Rogan EG, Zahid M, Jurkunas UV. Loss of NQO1 generates genotoxic estrogen-DNA adducts in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 147:69-79. [PMID: 31857234 PMCID: PMC6939626 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD) is an age-related genetically complex disease characterized by increased oxidative DNA damage and progressive degeneration of corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs). FECD has a greater incidence and advanced phenotype in women, suggesting a possible role of hormones in the sex-driven differences seen in the disease pathogenesis. In this study, catechol estrogen (4-OHE2), the byproduct of estrogen metabolism, induced genotoxic estrogen-DNA adducts formation, macromolecular DNA damage, and apoptotic cell death in HCEnCs; these findings were potentiated by menadione (MN)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Expression of NQO1, a key enzyme that neutralizes reactive estrogen metabolites, was downregulated in FECD, indicating HCEnC susceptibility to reactive estrogen metabolism in FECD. NQO1 deficiency in vitro exacerbated the estrogen-DNA adduct formation and loss of cell viability, which was rescued by the supplementation of N-acetylcysteine, a ROS scavenger. Notably, overexpression of NQO1 in HCEnCs treated with MN and 4-OHE2 quenched the ROS formation, thereby reducing the DNA damage and endothelial cell loss. This study signifies a pivotal role for NQO1 in mitigating the macromolecular oxidative DNA damage arising from the interplay between intracellular ROS and impaired endogenous estrogen metabolism in post-mitotic ocular tissue cells. A dysfunctional Nrf2-NQO1 axis in FECD renders HCEnCs susceptible to catechol estrogens and estrogen-DNA adducts formation. This novel study highlights the potential role of NQO1-mediated estrogen metabolite genotoxicity in explaining the higher incidence of FECD in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Miyajima
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Geetha Melangath
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shan Zhu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shivakumar Vasanth
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bodhisattwa Mondal
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Varun Kumar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuming Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marianne O Price
- Price Vision Group and Cornea Research Foundation of America, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Francis W Price
- Price Vision Group and Cornea Research Foundation of America, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Eleanor G Rogan
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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47
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Liu C, Miyajima T, Melangath G, Miyai T, Vasanth S, Deshpande N, Kumar V, Ong Tone S, Gupta R, Zhu S, Vojnovic D, Chen Y, Rogan EG, Mondal B, Zahid M, Jurkunas UV. Ultraviolet A light induces DNA damage and estrogen-DNA adducts in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy causing females to be more affected. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:573-583. [PMID: 31852820 PMCID: PMC6955350 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912546116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a leading cause of corneal endothelial (CE) degeneration resulting in impaired visual acuity. It is a genetically complex and age-related disorder, with higher incidence in females. In this study, we established a nongenetic FECD animal model based on the physiologic outcome of CE susceptibility to oxidative stress by demonstrating that corneal exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) recapitulates the morphological and molecular changes of FECD. Targeted irradiation of mouse corneas with UVA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the aqueous humor, and caused greater CE cell loss, including loss of ZO-1 junctional contacts and corneal edema, in female than male mice, characteristic of late-onset FECD. UVA irradiation caused greater mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) damage in female mice, indicative of the sex-driven differential response of the CE to UVA, thus accounting for more severe phenotype in females. The sex-dependent effect of UVA was driven by the activation of estrogen-metabolizing enzyme CYP1B1 and formation of reactive estrogen metabolites and estrogen-DNA adducts in female but not male mice. Supplementation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), diminished the morphological and molecular changes induced by UVA in vivo. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of environmental factors in FECD pathogenesis and demonstrates a strong link between UVA-induced estrogen metabolism and increased susceptibility of females for FECD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Liu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Taiga Miyajima
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Geetha Melangath
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Takashi Miyai
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shivakumar Vasanth
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Varun Kumar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Stephan Ong Tone
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Reena Gupta
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shan Zhu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Dijana Vojnovic
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yuming Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Eleanor G Rogan
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4388
| | - Bodhiswatta Mondal
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4388
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4388
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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48
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Commentary: Ultraviolet radiation triggers “preparation for oxidative stress” antioxidant response in animals: Similarities and interplay with other stressors. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 239:110585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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49
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Zhong Y, Hu X, Miao L. Isoflurane preconditioning protects hepatocytes from oxygen glucose deprivation injury by regulating FoxO6. J Biosci 2019; 44:144. [PMID: 31894125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The forkhead protein (FoxO) family plays a crucial role in regulating oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. FoxO6, a member of the FoxO family, helps regulate oxidative stress in gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is unclear whether FoxO6 participates in the protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning in liver injury caused by oxidative stress in ischemia. In this study, we explored the role and mechanism of FoxO6 in the protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning during hepatocyte injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Cells from the human fetal hepatocyte (LO2) line were incubated with 0%, 1%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, or 5% isoflurane for 3 h and then exposed to OGD. Data showed that 3% isoflurane preconditioning inhibited FoxO6 expression, caspase-3 activity, and reactive oxygen species production and promoted cell viability. FoxO6 overexpression abolished the effects of 3% isoflurane preconditioning on caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species production, and cell viability in these cells. Moreover, FoxO6 regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression via c-Myc after 3% isoflurane preconditioning and OGD exposure. Thus, isoflurane preconditioning prevented OGD-induced injury in LO2 cells by modulating FoxO6, c-Myc, and Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan 714000, China
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50
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Isoflurane preconditioning protects hepatocytes from oxygen glucose deprivation injury by regulating FoxO6. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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