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Tang JS, Stephens R, Li Y, Cait A, Gell K, Faulkner S, Grooby A, Herst PM, O'Sullivan D, Gasser O. Polyphenol and glucosinolate-derived AhR modulators regulate GPR15 expression on human CD4+ T cells. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 122:109456. [PMID: 37788725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Diets high in fruit and vegetables are perceived to be beneficial for intestinal homeostasis, in health as well as in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Recent breakthroughs in the field of immunology have highlighted the importance of the ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a critical regulator of mucosal immunity, including the intestinal trafficking of CD4+ helper T cells, an immune cell subset implicated in a wide range of homeostatic and pathogenic processes. Specifically, the AhR has been shown to directly regulate the expression of the chemoattractant receptor G Protein-Coupled Receptor 15 (GPR15) on CD4+ T cells. GPR15 is an important gut homing marker whose expression on CD4+ T cells in the peripheral circulation is elevated in patients suffering from ulcerative colitis, raising the possibility that, in this setting, the beneficial effect of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables may be mediated through the modulation of GPR15 expression. To address this, we screened physiologically-relevant polyphenol and glucosinolate metabolites for their ability to affect both AhR activity and GPR15 expression. Our complementary approach and associated findings suggest that polyphenol and glucosinolate metabolites can regulate GPR15 expression on human CD4+ T cells in an AhR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffry S Tang
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Ruth Stephens
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yanyan Li
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alissa Cait
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Katie Gell
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sophie Faulkner
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alix Grooby
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Patries M Herst
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Gasser
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
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2
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Van NT, Zhang K, Wigmore RM, Kennedy AI, DaSilva CR, Huang J, Ambelil M, Villagomez JH, O'Connor GJ, Longman RS, Cao M, Snook AE, Platten M, Kasenty G, Sigal LJ, Prendergast GC, Kim SV. Dietary L-Tryptophan consumption determines the number of colonic regulatory T cells and susceptibility to colitis via GPR15. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7363. [PMID: 37963876 PMCID: PMC10645889 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors are the major contributor to the onset of immunological disorders such as ulcerative colitis. However, their identities remain unclear. Here, we discover that the amount of consumed L-Tryptophan (L-Trp), a ubiquitous dietary component, determines the transcription level of the colonic T cell homing receptor, GPR15, hence affecting the number of colonic FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and local immune homeostasis. Ingested L-Trp is converted by host IDO1/2 enzymes, but not by gut microbiota, to compounds that induce GPR15 transcription preferentially in Treg cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Consequently, two weeks of dietary L-Trp supplementation nearly double the colonic GPR15+ Treg cells via GPR15-mediated homing and substantially reduce the future risk of colitis. In addition, humans consume 3-4 times less L-Trp per kilogram of body weight and have fewer colonic GPR15+ Treg cells than mice. Thus, we uncover a microbiota-independent mechanism linking dietary L-Trp and colonic Treg cells, that may have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T Van
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karen Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rachel M Wigmore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne I Kennedy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carolina R DaSilva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jialing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Anatomic Pathology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Manju Ambelil
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jose H Villagomez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gerald J O'Connor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Randy S Longman
- Jill Roberts Center for IBD, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Platten
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gerard Kasenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, NY, USA
| | - Luis J Sigal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - George C Prendergast
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lankenau Institute of Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Sangwon V Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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3
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Okamoto Y, Shikano S. Emerging roles of a chemoattractant receptor GPR15 and ligands in pathophysiology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179456. [PMID: 37457732 PMCID: PMC10348422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors play a central role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and development of inflammation by directing leukocyte migration to tissues. GPR15 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that was initially known as a co-receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), with structural similarity to other members of the chemoattractant receptor family. Since the discovery of its novel function as a colon-homing receptor of T cells in mice a decade ago, GPR15 has been rapidly gaining attention for its involvement in a variety of inflammatory and immune disorders. The recent identification of its natural ligand C10orf99, a chemokine-like polypeptide strongly expressed in gastrointestinal tissues, has established that GPR15-C10orf99 is a novel signaling axis that controls intestinal homeostasis and inflammation through the migration of immune cells. In addition, it has been demonstrated that C10orf99-independent functions of GPR15 and GPR15-independent activities of C10orf99 also play significant roles in the pathophysiology. Therefore, GPR15 and its ligands are potential therapeutic targets. To provide a basis for the future development of GPR15- or GPR15 ligand-targeted therapeutics, we have summarized the latest advances in the role of GPR15 and its ligands in human diseases as well as the molecular mechanisms that regulate GPR15 expression and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sojin Shikano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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4
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Cheng X, Ji Y, Li X, Wang Z, Wang B, He F, Xue S. The beneficial effects of Fomitopsis pinicola chloroform extract on a dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis mice model. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:35. [PMID: 36819509 PMCID: PMC9929819 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background As an intestinal non-specific inflammatory lesion, ulcerative colitis (UC) affects the health of many individuals. This study examined the possible beneficial effects of the chloroform extract of Fomitopsis pinicola (Swartz.: Fr) Karst (FPKc) on UC. Methods The mice were given free access to drink with 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 1 week to establish acute UC model. Next, 35 mg of FPKc or sulfasalazine (SASP) was given to the mice via gavage for 3 weeks. The disease activity index (DAI) and colonic mucosa damage index (CMDI) scores were calculated. The colon tissues of the mice were collected to measure the length and perform hematoxylin and eosin staining. The thymus and spleen indexes were determined. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in the serum were determined. Results FPKc or SASP treatment alleviated hematochezia and weight loss, ameliorated DAI and CMDI scores, and improved the crypt structure and length of the colon tissues. Relative to the UC model group, the spleen index in the FPKc group was reduced, which was accompanied by decreases of the IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the serum. FPKc also lowered the AST and ALT levels in the serum of the UC mice. Conclusions FPKc protected the mice from DSS-induced UC injury. It may be that FPKc activates immune regulation and downregulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yifan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fengqin He
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shaoan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product Development and Anti-Cancer Innovative Drug Research in Qinling, Xi’an, China;,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an, China
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5
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G Protein-Coupled Receptor 15 Expression Is Associated with Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010180. [PMID: 36613626 PMCID: PMC9820726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond the influence of lifestyle-related risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI), the mechanisms of genetic predispositions for MI remain unclear. We sought to identify and characterize differentially expressed genes in early-onset MI in a translational approach. In an observational case−control study, transcriptomes from 112 early-onset MI individuals showed upregulated G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to controls (fold change = 1.4, p = 1.87 × 10−7). GPR15 expression correlated with intima-media thickness (β = 0.8498, p = 0.111), C-reactive protein (β = 0.2238, p = 0.0052), ejection fraction (β = −0.9991, p = 0.0281) and smoking (β = 0.7259, p = 2.79 × 10−10). The relation between smoking and MI was diminished after the inclusion of GPR15 expression as mediator in mediation analysis (from 1.27 (p = 1.9 × 10−5) to 0.46 (p = 0.21)). The DNA methylation of two GPR15 sites was 1%/5% lower in early-onset MI individuals versus controls (p = 2.37 × 10−6/p = 0.0123), with site CpG3.98251219 significantly predicting risk for incident MI (hazard ratio = 0.992, p = 0.0177). The nucleotide polymorphism rs2230344 (C/T) within GPR15 was associated with early-onset MI (odds ratio = 3.61, p = 0.044). Experimental validation showed 6.3-fold increased Gpr15 expression in an ischemic mouse model (p < 0.05) and 4-fold increased Gpr15 expression in cardiomyocytes under ischemic stress (p < 0.001). After the induction of MI, Gpr15gfp/gfp mice showed lower survival (p = 0.042) and deregulated gene expression for response to hypoxia and signaling pathways. Using a translational approach, our data provide evidence that GPR15 is linked to cardiovascular diseases, mediating the adverse effects of smoking.
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6
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Zhao J, Liu X, Xu J, Fang Y, Du P, Gao C, Cai T, Gu Z, Qin Q, Zhang J. Elevated Expression and Activation of GPR15 in Immune Cells in Graves' Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121899. [PMID: 36551327 PMCID: PMC9776225 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR15 plays an important role in lymphocyte homing and is a key immune molecule to maintain organ immune homeostasis. Yet, no study on the association between GPR15 and Graves' disease (GD) is available. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression of GPR15 in different types of immune cells and different tissues of GD patients. We found that the expressions of GPR15 and GPR15L in peripheral blood of GD patients were increased compared with those in healthy controls. A flow cytometry analysis showed that GPR15 positive cells were mainly CD14+ monocytes and CD56+ natural killer cells (NK cells) of innate immunity, T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells of adaptive immunity. We also found that the expressions of GPR15 and GPR15L in the PBMC of GD patients were positively correlated with the Tfh-specific cytokines IL21 and IL4. In addition, immunohistochemistry showed that the level of GPR15 in thyroid tissue of GD patients was higher than that of the control group. Our results demonstrate for the first time that GPR15 is highly expressed in various immune cells in GD patients, suggesting that GPR15-GPR15L is associated with the activation and infiltration of proinflammatory immune cells in the thyroid tissue of GD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yudie Fang
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Chaoqun Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Tiantian Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zhaohua Gu
- Zhoupu Community Health Service Center of Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Qiu Qin
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Q.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-57039815 (J.Z.)
| | - Jin’an Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201508, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Q.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-57039815 (J.Z.)
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7
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Fernández-Ruiz JC, Ochoa-González FDL, Zapata-Zúñiga M, Mondragon-Marín E, Lara-Ramírez EE, Ruíz-Carrillo JL, DelaCruz-Flores PA, Layseca-Espinosa E, Enciso-Moreno JA, Castañeda-Delgado JE. GPR15 expressed in T lymphocytes from RA patients is involved in leukocyte chemotaxis to the synovium. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1209-1221. [PMID: 36164808 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0822-263rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rheumatoid arthritis (RA) inflammatory process occurs in the joints where immune cells are attracted into the synovium to promote remodeling and tissue damage. GPR15 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) located on chromosome 3 and has similarity in its sequence with chemokine receptors. Recent evidence indicates that GPR15 may be associated with modulation of the chronic inflammatory response. We evaluated the expression of GPR15 and GPR15L in blood and synovial tissue samples from RA patients, as well as to perform a functional migration assay in response to GPR15L. The expression of GPR15 and c10orf99/gpr15l mRNA was analyzed by RT-qPCR. Samples of synovial fluid and peripheral blood were analyzed for CD45+CD3+CD4+GPR15+ and CD45+CD3+CD8+GPR15+ T cell frequency comparing RA patients versus control subjects by flow cytometry. Migration assays were performed using PBMCs isolated from these individuals in response to the synthetic GPR15 ligand. Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis test, T-test, or Mann-Whitney U test, according to data distribution. A higher expression in the mRNA for GPR15 was identified in early RA subjects. The frequencies of CD4+/CD8+ GPR15+ T lymphocytes are higher in RA patients comparing with healthy subjects. Also, the frequency CD4+/CD8+ GPR15+ T lymphocytes are higher in synovial fluid of established RA patients comparing with OA patients. GPR15 and GPR15L are present in the synovial tissue of RA patients and GPR15L promotes migration of PBMCs from RA patients and healthy subjects. Our results suggest that GPR15/GPR15L have a pathogenic role in RA and their antagonizing could be a therapeutic approach in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cesar Fernández-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Univerisidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Fátima de Lourdes Ochoa-González
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.,Doctorado en ciencias básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.,Área de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Martín Zapata-Zúñiga
- Hospital Rural No. 51 IMSS Bienestar, Villanueva, Zacatecas, México.,Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Eduardo Mondragon-Marín
- Unidad de traumatología y ortopedia, Hospital general del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Zacatecas "Emilio Varela Luján", Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Edgar E Lara-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Jose Luis Ruíz-Carrillo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Univerisidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Paola Amayrani DelaCruz-Flores
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Esther Layseca-Espinosa
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Univerisidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - José Antonio Enciso-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.,Maestría en química clínica diagnóstica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Queretáro, Querétaro, México
| | - Julio Enrique Castañeda-Delgado
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.,Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México
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8
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Deng Y, Moo EV, Almería CVP, Gentry PR, Vedel L, Mathiesen JM, Bräuner-Osborne H. Delineation of the GPR15 receptor-mediated Gα protein signalling profile in recombinant mammalian cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 131:104-113. [PMID: 35510660 PMCID: PMC9539578 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The GPR15 receptor is a G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR), which is activated by an endogenous peptide GPR15L(25–81) and a C‐terminal peptide fragment GPR15L(71–81). GPR15 signals through the Gi/o pathway to decrease intracellular cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (cAMP). However, the activation profiles of the GPR15 receptor within Gi/o subtypes have not been examined. Moreover, whether the receptor can also couple to Gs, Gq/11 and G12/13 is unclear. Here, GPR15L(25–81) and GPR15L(71–81) are used as pharmacological tool compounds to delineate the GPR15 receptor‐mediated Gα protein signalling using a G protein activation assay and second messenger assay conducted on living cells. The results show that the GPR15 receptor preferentially couples to Gi/o rather than other pathways in both assays. Within the Gi/o family, the GPR15 receptor activates all the subtypes (Gi1, Gi2, Gi3, GoA, GoB and Gz). The Emax and activation rates of Gi1, Gi2, Gi3, GoA and GoB are similar, whilst the Emax of Gz is smaller and the activation rate is significantly slower. The potencies of both peptides toward each Gi/o subtype have been determined. Furthermore, the GPR15 receptor signals through Gi/o to inhibit cAMP accumulation, which could be blocked by the application of the Gi/o inhibitor pertussis toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Deng
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - Ee Von Moo
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - Claudia Victoria Pérez Almería
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen.,Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick R Gentry
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen.,Analytical Technology Department, FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Line Vedel
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen.,Analytical Technology Department, FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Jesper M Mathiesen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - Hans Bräuner-Osborne
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
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9
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Song J, Zheng H, Xue J, Liu J, Sun Q, Yang W, Liu F, Xiang X, He K, Chen Y, Cheng J, Li W, Jin J, Brosius J, Deng C. GPR15-C10ORF99 functional pairing initiates colonic Treg homing in amniotes. EMBO Rep 2021; 23:e53246. [PMID: 34939731 PMCID: PMC8892231 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) homing reactions mediated by G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR)–ligand interactions play a central role in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis by restraining inappropriate immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the origin of Treg homing to the colon remains mysterious. Here, we report that the C10ORF99 peptide (also known as CPR15L and AP57), a cognate ligand of GPR15 that controls Treg homing to the colon, originates from a duplication of the flanking CDHR1 gene and is functionally paired with GPR15 in amniotes. Evolutionary analysis and experimental data indicate that the GPR15–C10ORF99 pair is functionally conserved to mediate colonic Treg homing in amniotes and their expression patterns are positively correlated with herbivore diet in the colon. With the first herbivorous diet in early amniotes, a new biological process (herbivorous diet short‐chain fatty acid‐C10ORF99/GPR15‐induced Treg homing colon immune homeostasis) emerged, and we propose an evolutionary model whereby GPR15–C10ORF99 functional pairing has initiated the first colonic Treg homing reaction in amniotes. Our findings also highlight that GPCR–ligand pairing leads to physiological adaptation during vertebrate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Song
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaping Zheng
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwen Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyin Xiang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Jin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, and Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juergen Brosius
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Deng
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Ge H, Zhang B, Li T, Yang Q, Tang Y, Liu J, Zhang T. In vivo and in silico studies on the mechanisms of egg white peptides in relieving acute colitis symptoms. Food Funct 2021; 12:12774-12787. [PMID: 34851341 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03095g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Active peptides, as an alternative nutrition supplement, have been confirmed to have beneficial efficacy against acute colitis. Herein, egg white peptides (EWPs) were used as a nutritional supplement to relieve dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis symptoms. The potential multi-component synergetic pharmacological intervention mechanism of EWPs was investigated on the basis of in silico pharmacology, bioinformatics analysis, and molecular docking. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the migration rate of HSF cells was enhanced 5.30-fold upon treatment with EWPs relative to the control group. After administration with EWPs, colitis symptoms were alleviated in a dose-dependent manner and the serum amino acid content was significantly enhanced, especially for Ala, Leu, Ser, Thr, and Met. Four peptides identified from EWPs showed a total of 52 acute colitis-related potential targets (Fit score >3.8) with network pharmacology analysis, and the targets participated in 31 signaling pathways (p < 0.001). Among these pathways, PI3K-Akt, VEGF, Ras, TNF, and MAPK signaling pathways may exert essential anti-inflammatory effects and accelerate repairing intestinal mucosa. Molecular docking showed that the majority binding energy of peptides-targets was between -10.35 kcal mol-1 and -18.72 kcal mol-1, and peptides mainly interacted with the core targets (Btk, Gstm1, and Rac1) by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The current study confirmed that EWPs as supplementary nutrition can alleviate acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Ge
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Biying Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanhu Tang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Shan S, Yang Y, Jiang J, Yang B, Yang Y, Sun F, Zhang J, Lin Y, Xu H. Extracellular vesicle-derived lncRNAs as circulating biomarkers for endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 44:923-933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Monian B, Tu AA, Ruiter B, Morgan DM, Petrossian PM, Smith NP, Gierahn TM, Ginder JH, Shreffler WG, Love JC. Peanut oral immunotherapy differentially suppresses clonally distinct subsets of T helper cells. J Clin Invest 2021; 132:150634. [PMID: 34813505 PMCID: PMC8759778 DOI: 10.1172/jci150634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy affects an estimated 8% of children in the United States. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a recently approved treatment, with outcomes ranging from sustained tolerance to food allergens to no apparent benefit. The immunological underpinnings that influence clinical outcomes of OIT remain largely unresolved. Using single-cell RNA-Seq and paired T cell receptor α/β (TCRα/β) sequencing, we assessed the transcriptomes of CD154+ and CD137+ peanut-reactive T helper (Th) cells from 12 patients with peanut allergy longitudinally throughout OIT. We observed expanded populations of cells expressing Th1, Th2, and Th17 signatures that further separated into 6 clonally distinct subsets. Four of these subsets demonstrated a convergence of TCR sequences, suggesting antigen-driven T cell fates. Over the course of OIT, we observed suppression of Th2 and Th1 gene signatures in effector clonotypes but not T follicular helper–like (Tfh-like) clonotypes. Positive outcomes were associated with stronger suppression of Th2 signatures in Th2A-like cells, while treatment failure was associated with the expression of baseline inflammatory gene signatures that were present in Th1 and Th17 cell populations and unmodulated by OIT. These results demonstrate that differential clinical responses to OIT are associated with both preexisting characteristics of peanut-reactive CD4+ T cells and suppression of a subset of Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Monian
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Ang A Tu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Bert Ruiter
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Duncan M Morgan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Patrick M Petrossian
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Neal P Smith
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Todd M Gierahn
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Julia H Ginder
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Wayne G Shreffler
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - J Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States of America
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13
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Berger AH, Bratland E, Sjøgren T, Heimli M, Tyssedal T, Bruserud Ø, Johansson S, Husebye ES, Oftedal BE, Wolff ASB. Transcriptional Changes in Regulatory T Cells From Patients With Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 Suggest Functional Impairment of Lipid Metabolism and Gut Homing. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722860. [PMID: 34526996 PMCID: PMC8435668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS-1) is a monogenic model disorder of organ-specific autoimmunity caused by mutations in the Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. AIRE facilitates the expression of organ-specific transcripts in the thymus, which is essential for efficient removal of dangerous self-reacting T cells and for inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs). Although reduced numbers and function of Tregs have been reported in APS-I patients, the impact of AIRE deficiency on gene expression in these cells is unknown. Here, we report for the first time on global transcriptional patterns of isolated Tregs from APS-1 patients compared to healthy subjects. Overall, we found few differences between the groups, although deviant expression was observed for the genes TMEM39B, SKIDA1, TLN2, GPR15, FASN, BCAR1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRA, GPSM3 and AKR1C3. Of significant interest, the consistent downregulation of GPR15 may indicate failure of Treg gut homing which could be of relevance for the gastrointestinal manifestations commonly seen in APS-1. Upregulated FASN expression in APS-1 Tregs points to increased metabolic activity suggesting a putative link to faulty Treg function. Functional studies are needed to determine the significance of these findings for the immunopathogenesis of APS-1 and for Treg immunobiology in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amund Holte Berger
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eirik Bratland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thea Sjøgren
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marte Heimli
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Tyssedal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eystein Sverre Husebye
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bergithe Eikeland Oftedal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anette Susanne Bøe Wolff
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Kristian Gerhard (KG) Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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14
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Swaminathan G, Nguyen LP, Namkoong H, Pan J, Haileselassie Y, Patel A, Ji AR, Mikhail DM, Dinh TT, Singh H, Liao B, Vázquez-Montesino LM, Butcher EC, Habtezion A. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates expression of mucosal trafficking receptor GPR15. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:852-861. [PMID: 33674764 PMCID: PMC7934811 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
GPR15 is a chemoattractant receptor that facilitates colon homing of regulatory and effector CD4+ T cells in health and colitis. The molecular mechanisms that control GPR15 expression are not fully known. Here we report the presence of two highly conserved aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binding sequences in a 3' enhancer of GPR15, leading us to investigate AHR function in regulating GPR15 expression. Using luciferase reporter assays, we show that AHR activation increased GPR15 expression and requires both the AHR binding sites. Consistent with a transcriptional regulatory role, treatment with AHR agonists induce GPR15 expression on human CD4+ T cells. Using AHR-deficient mice, we demonstrate that the lack of AHR signaling drastically reduces GPR15 expression on effector/memory and Foxp3+ CD4+ T cells. In mixed bone marrow chimeras of AHR-deficient and wildtype cells, GPR15 expression was similarly diminished on AHR-deficient CD4+ effector/memory and regulatory T cells in the colon and small intestine. Furthermore, administration of AHR agonists upregulated GPR15 expression on CD4+ effector/memory T cells and increased their homing capability, especially to the colon. Collectively, our studies reveal a novel function of the AHR in regulation of GPR15 expression and increased colon trafficking of CD4+ T cells expressing GPR15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Swaminathan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Linh P Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Junliang Pan
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yeneneh Haileselassie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Akshar Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Allison R Ji
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David M Mikhail
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Theresa Thanh Dinh
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Harpriya Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bryce Liao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis M Vázquez-Montesino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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Adamczyk A, Pastille E, Kehrmann J, Vu VP, Geffers R, Wasmer MH, Kasper S, Schuler M, Lange CM, Muggli B, Rau TT, Klein D, Hansen W, Krebs P, Buer J, Westendorf AM. GPR15 Facilitates Recruitment of Regulatory T Cells to Promote Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2970-2982. [PMID: 33727229 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. Despite considerable progress in early detection and treatment, there is still an unmet need for novel antitumor therapies, particularly in advanced colorectal cancer. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are increased in the peripheral blood and tumor tissue of patients with colorectal cancer. Recently, transient ablation of tumor-associated Tregs was shown to foster CD8+ T-cell-mediated antitumoral immunity in murine colorectal cancer models. However, before considering therapies on targeting Tregs in patients with cancer, detailed knowledge of the phenotype and features of tumor-associated Tregs is indispensable. Here, we demonstrate in a murine model of inflammation-induced colorectal cancer that tumor-associated Tregs are mainly of thymic origin and equipped with a specific set of molecules strongly associated with enhanced migratory properties. Particularly, a dense infiltration of Tregs in mouse and human colorectal cancer lesions correlated with increased expression of the orphan chemoattractant receptor GPR15 on these cells. Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that tumor-associated GPR15+ Tregs have a Th17-like phenotype, thereby producing IL17 and TNFα. Gpr15 deficiency repressed Treg infiltration in colorectal cancer, which paved the way for enhanced antitumoral CD8+ T-cell immunity and reduced tumorigenesis. In conclusion, GPR15 represents a promising novel target for modifying T-cell-mediated antitumoral immunity in colorectal cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: The G protein-coupled receptor 15, an unconventional chemokine receptor, directs Tregs into the colon, thereby modifying the tumor microenvironment and promoting intestinal tumorigenesis.See related commentary by Chakraborty and Zappasodi, p. 2817.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Adamczyk
- Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eva Pastille
- Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Kehrmann
- Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vivian P Vu
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marie-Hélène Wasmer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kasper
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schuler
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian M Lange
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Beat Muggli
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tilman T Rau
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Buer
- Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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16
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Andersen AM, Lei MK, Beach SR, Philibert RA. Inflammatory biomarker relationships with helper T cell GPR15 expression and cannabis and tobacco smoking. J Psychosom Res 2021; 141:110326. [PMID: 33310155 PMCID: PMC9045001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking is associated with numerous inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. The goal of this study was to examine whether increased expression of G-protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) on helper T cells in smokers could predispose to these conditions through its relationship with inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS We used flow cytometric measurement of GPR15+CD3+CD4+ helper T cells and serum assays for C-reactive protein (CRP) and 17 cytokines drawn from peripheral blood samples from a cohort of n = 62 primarily African American young adults (aged 27-35 years). These variables were examined cross-sectionally in conjunction with serum biomarkers of tobacco (cotinine) and cannabis (tetrahydrocannabinol) use and lifestyle factors potentially impacting immune function in correlational analyses and linear regression models. RESULTS Tobacco and cannabis smoking were strongly associated with increased GPR15 expression on helper T cells (p < 0.001), which was in turn was strongly associated with the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.001). Mediation analyses indicated increased GPR15 expression accounted for roughly half of the relationship between smoking variables and pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokine balance. CRP was not associated with cannabis or tobacco use or GPR15+ expression, but was associated with body mass index (p < 0.001). These relationships persisted after controlling for lifestyle and medical factors impacting immune function. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of GPR15 by helper T cells in smokers may mediate some of the relationship between smoking and a pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu. Better understanding of this relationship may help uncover how smoking increases the risk of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan M. Andersen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242,Correspondence: Allan M. Andersen, MD, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52246, Tel: (319) 384-4420, Fax: (319) 353-3003,
| | - Man-Kit Lei
- Department of Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602,Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Steven R.H. Beach
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602,Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Robert A. Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242,Behavioral Diagnostics, Coralville, Iowa 52241
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17
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Giannoudaki E, Gargan S, Hussey S, Long A, Walsh PT. Opportunities to Target T Cell Trafficking in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:640497. [PMID: 33816403 PMCID: PMC8012547 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.640497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell subsets are considered central orchestrators of inflammation and homeostasis in the intestine and are established targets for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. While approaches aimed at the neutralization of T cell effector cytokines have provided significant benefits for pediatric and adult patients, more recent strategies aimed at inhibiting the infiltration of pathogenic T cell subsets have also emerged. In this review, we describe current knowledge surrounding the function of T cell subsets in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease and outline approaches aimed at targeting T cell trafficking to the intestine which may represent a new treatment option for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Giannoudaki
- National Children's Research Center, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Gargan
- National Children's Research Center, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seamus Hussey
- National Children's Research Center, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aideen Long
- National Children's Research Center, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick T Walsh
- National Children's Research Center, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Butyrate induced Tregs are capable of migration from the GALT to the pancreas to restore immunological tolerance during type-1 diabetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19120. [PMID: 33154424 PMCID: PMC7644709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by progressive loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Butyrate is a commensal microbial-derived metabolite, implicated in intestinal homeostasis and immune regulation. Here, we investigated the mechanism of diabetes remission in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice following butyrate administration. Sodium butyrate (150 mM) was administered to female NOD mice in drinking water after the onset of hyperglycemia (15-25 weeks age) and at 4 weeks of age (early-intervention group). Butyrate administration reduced the progression of hyperglycemia in diabetic mice and delayed onset of diabetes in the early-intervention group with a reduction in insulitis. Butyrate administration increased regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the colon, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and its protective effects diminished upon depletion of Tregs. Further, an increase in α4β7, CCR9, and GPR15 expressing Tregs in the pancreatic lymph nodes (PLN) and pancreas in butyrate-treated mice suggested migration of gut-primed Tregs towards the pancreas. Finally, the adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that induced Tregs from gut-associated lymphoid tissue can migrate towards the pancreas and PLN and delay the onset of diabetes. Our results thus suggest that early administration of butyrate can restore immunological tolerance during T1D via induction of Tregs with migratory capabilities.
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Jegodzinski L, Sezin T, Loser K, Mousavi S, Zillikens D, Sadik CD. The G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPR) 15 Counteracts Antibody-Mediated Skin Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1858. [PMID: 32922401 PMCID: PMC7456807 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) has recently been highlighted as an important regulator of T cell trafficking into the gut under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Additionally, circumstantial evidence has accumulated that GPR15 may also play a role in the regulation of chronic inflammation. However, the (patho)physiological significance of GPR15 has, in general, remained rather enigmatic. In the present study, we have addressed the role of GPR15 in the effector phase of autoantibody-mediated skin inflammation, specifically in the antibody transfer mouse model of bullous pemphigoid-like epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (BP-like EBA). Subjecting Gpr15 -/- mice to this model, we have uncovered that GPR15 counteracts skin inflammation. Thus, disease was markedly aggravated in Gpr15 -/- mice, which was associated with an increased accumulation of γδ T cells in the dermis. Furthermore, GPR15L, the recently discovered cognate ligand of GPR15, was markedly upregulated in inflamed skin. Collectively, our results highlight GPR15 as counter-regulator of neutrophilic, antibody-mediated cutaneous inflammation. Enhancing the activity of GPR15 may therefore constitute a novel therapeutic principle in the treatment of pemphigoid diseases, such as BP-like EBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Jegodzinski
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tanya Sezin
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Karin Loser
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sadegh Mousavi
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian D Sadik
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Distinct patterns of short-chain fatty acids during flare in patients with ulcerative colitis under treatment with mesalamine or a herbal combination of myrrh, chamomile flowers, and coffee charcoal: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 32:175-180. [PMID: 31688306 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short-chain fatty acids are involved in the regulation of the gut immune system. In ulcerative colitis, short-chain fatty acids are often reduced, especially during flare. This study evaluated exploratively the pattern of butyrate and total short-chain fatty acids in patients with ulcerative colitis during flare treated either with mesalamine or a herbal preparation consisting of myrrh, chamomile flowers, and coffee charcoal which showed promising results in maintaining remission in a randomized double-blind, double-dummy, controlled clinical trial (EudraCT-Number 2007-007928-18). METHODS Patients were treated with the herbal preparation or mesalamine. Clinical activity was monitored by Clinical Colitis Activity Index. Using gas chromatography, we analyzed fecal samples of 38 patients who experienced a flare during treatment. RESULTS Paired t-test showed a significant decline of total short-chain fatty acids [M before = 66.12, SD = 39.59; M after = 29.83, SD = 15.05; 95% bootstrap confidence interval (20.53-55.30); P = 0.01) and of butyrate [M before 11.35, SD = 7.56; M after = 6.50, SD = 3.55; 95% bootstrap confidence interval (2.06-8.11); P = 0.02] in the event of a flare for patients treated with mesalamine but not for patients treated with the herbal preparation. CONCLUSION Patients who received the herbal preparation did not show a significant decline of total short-chain fatty acids in the event of a flare. Since a decline of short-chain fatty acids might lead to unfavorable health impairments, a combination of the two treatments should be further investigated.
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Cigarette and Cannabis Smoking Effects on GPR15+ Helper T Cell Levels in Peripheral Blood: Relationships with Epigenetic Biomarkers. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020149. [PMID: 32019074 PMCID: PMC7074551 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Smoking causes widespread epigenetic changes that have been linked with an increased risk of smoking-associated diseases and elevated mortality. Of particular interest are changes in the level of T cells expressing G-protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15), a chemokine receptor linked with multiple autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. Accordingly, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which smoking influences variation in the GPR15+ helper T cell subpopulation is of potential interest. Methods: In the current study, we used flow cytometry and digital PCR assays to measure the GPR15+CD3+CD4+ populations in peripheral blood from a cohort of n = 62 primarily African American young adults (aged 27–35 years) with a high rate of tobacco and cannabis use. Results: We demonstrated that self-reported tobacco and cannabis smoking predict GPR15+CD3+CD4+ helper T cell levels using linear regression models. Further, we demonstrated that methylation of two candidate CpGs, cg19859270, located in GPR15, and cg05575921, located in the gene Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor (AHRR), were both significant predictors of GPR15+CD3+CD4+ cell levels, mediating the relationship between smoking habits and increases in GPR15+CD3+CD4+ cells. As hypothesized, the interaction between cg05575921 and cg19859270 was also significant, indicating that low cg05575921 methylation was more strongly predictive of GPR15+CD3+CD4+ cell levels for those who also had lower cg19859270 methylation. Conclusions: Smoking leads changes in two CpGs, cg05575921 and cg19859270, that mediate 38.5% of the relationship between tobacco and cannabis smoking and increased GPR15+ Th levels in this sample. The impact of cg19859270 in amplifying the association between cg05575921 and increased GPR15+ Th levels is of potential theoretical interest given the possibility that it reflects a permissive interaction between different parts of the adaptive immune system.
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22
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Kehrmann J, Effenberg L, Wilk C, Schoemer D, Ngo Thi Phuong N, Adamczyk A, Pastille E, Scholtysik R, Klein-Hitpass L, Klopfleisch R, Westendorf AM, Buer J. Depletion of Foxp3 + regulatory T cells is accompanied by an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the murine gut microbiome. Immunology 2019; 159:344-353. [PMID: 31755554 PMCID: PMC7011623 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A reciprocal interaction exists between the gut microbiota and the immune system. Regulatory T (Treg) cells are important for controlling immune responses and for maintaining the intestinal homeostasis but their precise influence on the gut microbiota is unclear. We studied the effects of Treg cell depletion on inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and analysed the gut microbiota before and after depletion of Treg cells using the DEpletion of REGulatory T cells (DEREG) mouse model. DNA was extracted from stool samples of DEREG mice and wild‐type littermates at different time‐points before and after diphtheria toxin application to deplete Treg cells in DEREG mice. The V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was used for studying the gut microbiota with Illumina MiSeq paired ends sequencing. Multidimensional scaling separated the majority of gut microbiota samples from late time‐points after Treg cell depletion in DEREG mice from samples of early time‐points before Treg cell depletion in these mice and from gut microbiota samples of wild‐type mice. Treg cell depletion in DEREG mice was accompanied by an increase in the relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes and by intestinal inflammation in DEREG mice 20 days after Treg cell depletion, indicating that Treg cells influence the gut microbiota composition. In addition, the variables cage, breeding and experiment number were associated with differences in the gut microbiota composition and these variables should be respected in murine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kehrmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laura Effenberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Camilla Wilk
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Davina Schoemer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nhi Ngo Thi Phuong
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Adamczyk
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eva Pastille
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - René Scholtysik
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ludger Klein-Hitpass
- Biochip Laboratory, Institute for Cell Biology-Tumour Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Buer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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23
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Pastille E, Wasmer MH, Adamczyk A, Vu VP, Mager LF, Phuong NNT, Palmieri V, Simillion C, Hansen W, Kasper S, Schuler M, Muggli B, McCoy KD, Buer J, Zlobec I, Westendorf AM, Krebs P. The IL-33/ST2 pathway shapes the regulatory T cell phenotype to promote intestinal cancer. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:990-1003. [PMID: 31165767 PMCID: PMC7746527 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The composition of immune infiltrates strongly affects the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Interleukin (IL)-33 and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment have been separately implicated in CRC; however their contribution to intestinal carcinogenesis is still controversial. Here, we reveal that IL-33 signaling promotes CRC by changing the phenotype of Tregs. In mice with CRC, tumor-infiltrating Tregs preferentially upregulate IL-33 receptor (ST2), and IL-33/ST2 signaling positively correlates with tumor number and size. Transcriptomic and flow cytometry analyses demonstrate that ST2 expression induces a more activated and migratory phenotype in FOXP3+ Tregs, which favors their accumulation in the tumor environment. Consequently, genetic ablation of St2 reduces Treg infiltration and concomitantly enhances the frequencies of effector CD8+ T cells, thereby restraining CRC. Mechanistically, IL-33 curtails IL-17 production by FOXP3+ Tregs and inhibits Th17 differentiation. In humans, numbers of activated ST2-expressing Tregs are increased in blood and tumor lesions of CRC patients, suggesting a similar mode of regulation. Together, these data indicate a central role of IL-33/ST2 signaling in shaping an immunosuppressive environment during intestinal tumorigenesis. Blockade of this pathway may provide a strategy to modulate the composition of CRC immune infiltrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pastille
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marie-Hélène Wasmer
- 0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ,0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Adamczyk
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vivian P. Vu
- 0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ,0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lukas F. Mager
- 0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Nhi Ngo Thi Phuong
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vittoria Palmieri
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cedric Simillion
- 0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ,0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Kasper
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bDepartment of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany ,0000 0001 0262 7331grid.410718.bGerman Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schuler
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bDepartment of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany ,0000 0001 0262 7331grid.410718.bGerman Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Beat Muggli
- 0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kathy D. McCoy
- 0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jan Buer
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Inti Zlobec
- 0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Astrid M. Westendorf
- 0000 0001 2187 5445grid.5718.bInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philippe Krebs
- 0000 0001 0726 5157grid.5734.5Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Bauer M, Hackermüller J, Schor J, Schreiber S, Fink B, Pierzchalski A, Herberth G. Specific induction of the unique GPR15 expression in heterogeneous blood lymphocytes by tobacco smoking. Biomarkers 2018; 24:217-224. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1539769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bauer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Hackermüller
- Young Investigators Group Bioinformatics and Transcriptomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Schor
- Young Investigators Group Bioinformatics and Transcriptomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Schreiber
- Young Investigators Group Bioinformatics and Transcriptomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate Fink
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arkadiusz Pierzchalski
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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25
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Haase T, Müller C, Krause J, Röthemeier C, Stenzig J, Kunze S, Waldenberger M, Münzel T, Pfeiffer N, Wild PS, Michal M, Marini F, Karakas M, Lackner KJ, Blankenberg S, Zeller T. Novel DNA Methylation Sites Influence GPR15 Expression in Relation to Smoking. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8030074. [PMID: 30127295 PMCID: PMC6163736 DOI: 10.3390/biom8030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been implicated in the regulation of the G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) by affecting CpG methylation. The G protein-coupled receptor 15 is involved in angiogenesis and inflammation. An effect on GPR15 gene regulation has been shown for the CpG site CpG3.98251294. We aimed to analyze the effect of smoking on GPR15 expression and methylation sites spanning the GPR15 locus. DNA methylation of nine GPR15 CpG sites was measured in leukocytes from 1291 population-based individuals using the EpiTYPER. Monocytic GPR15 expression was measured by qPCR at baseline and five-years follow up. GPR15 gene expression was upregulated in smokers (beta (ß) = −2.699, p-value (p) = 1.02 × 10−77) and strongly correlated with smoking exposure (ß = −0.063, p = 2.95 × 10−34). Smoking cessation within five years reduced GPR15 expression about 19% (p = 9.65 × 10−5) with decreasing GPR15 expression over time (ß = 0.031, p = 3.81 × 10−6). Additionally, three novel CpG sites within GPR15 affected by smoking were identified. For CpG3.98251047, DNA methylation increased steadily after smoking cessation (ß = 0.123, p = 1.67 × 10−3) and strongly correlated with changes in GPR15 expression (ß = 0.036, p = 4.86 × 10−5). Three novel GPR15 CpG sites were identified in relation to smoking and GPR15 expression. Our results provide novel insights in the regulation of GPR15, which possibly linked smoking to inflammation and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Haase
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Müller
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Julia Krause
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Caroline Röthemeier
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Justus Stenzig
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Münzel
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Philipp S Wild
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Matthias Michal
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Federico Marini
- University Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Mahir Karakas
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Karl J Lackner
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 13316 Berlin, Germany.
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26
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Ocón B, Pan J, Dinh TT, Chen W, Ballet R, Bscheider M, Habtezion A, Tu H, Zabel BA, Butcher EC. A Mucosal and Cutaneous Chemokine Ligand for the Lymphocyte Chemoattractant Receptor GPR15. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1111. [PMID: 28936214 PMCID: PMC5594226 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoattractants control lymphocyte recruitment from the blood, contributing to the systemic organization of the immune system. The G protein-linked receptor GPR15 mediates lymphocyte homing to the large intestines and skin. Here we show that the 9 kDa CC-motif containing cationic polypeptide AP57/colon-derived sushi containing domain-2 binding factor (CSBF), encoded by C10orf99 in the human and 2610528A11Rik in the mouse, functions as a chemokine ligand for GPR15 (GPR15L). GPR15L binds GPR15 and attracts GPR15-expressing T cells including lymphocytes in colon-draining lymph nodes and Vγ3+ thymic precursors of dermal epithelial T cells. Patterns of GPR15L expression by epithelial cells in adult mice and humans suggest a homeostatic role for the chemokine in lymphocyte localization to the large intestines, as well as a role in homing to the epidermis during wound healing or inflammation. GPR15L is also significantly expressed in squamous mucosa of the oral cavity and esophagus with still poorly defined regulation. Identification of the chemotactic activity of GPR15L adds to its reported antibacterial and tumor cell growth regulatory functions and suggests the potential of targeting GPR15L–GPR15 interactions for modulation of mucosal and cutaneous inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Ocón
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Junliang Pan
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Theresa Thu Dinh
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Romain Ballet
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michael Bscheider
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hua Tu
- Lake Pharma, Inc., Belmont, CA, United States
| | - Brian A Zabel
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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