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Song S, Yuan J, Fang G, Li Y, Ding S, Wang Y, Wang Q. BRD4 as a therapeutic target for atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176714. [PMID: 38849043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which BRD4 play a role in atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS We used a discovery-driven approach to detect BRD4 expression in the atria of patients with AF and in various murine models of atrial fibrosis. We used a BRD4 inhibitor (JQ1) and atrial fibroblast (aFB)-specific BRD4-knockout mice to elucidate the role of BRD4 in AF. We further examined the underlying mechanisms using RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses in vitro, to identify key downstream targets of BRD4. We found that BRD4 expression is significantly increased in patients with AF, with accompanying atrial fibrosis and aFB differentiation. We showed that JQ1 treatment and shRNA-based molecular silencing of BRD4 blocked ANG-II-induced extracellular matrix production and cell-cycle progression in aFBs. BRD4-related RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses in aFBs demonstrated enrichment of a subset of promoters related to the expression of profibrotic and proliferation-related genes. The pharmacological inhibition of BRD4 in vivo or in aFB-specific BRD4-knockout in mice limited ANG-II-induced atrial fibrosis, atrial enlargement, and AF susceptibility. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that BRD4 plays a key role in pathological AF, at least partially by activating aFB proliferation and ECM synthesis. This study provides mechanistic insights into the development of BRD4 inhibitors as targeted antiarrhythmic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiali Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guojian Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yingze Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shiao Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuepeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qunshan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Deogharia M, Gurha P. Epigenetic regulation of heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol 2024; 39:371-379. [PMID: 38606626 PMCID: PMC11150090 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The studies on chromatin-modifying enzymes and how they respond to different stimuli within the cell have revolutionized our understanding of epigenetics. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent studies on epigenetic mechanisms implicated in heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS We focus on the major mechanisms and the conceptual advances in epigenetics as evidenced by studies in humans and mouse models of heart failure. The significance of epigenetic modifications and the enzymes that catalyze them is also discussed. New findings from the studies of histone lysine demethylases demonstrate their significance in regulating fetal gene expression, as well as their aberrant expression in adult hearts during HF. Similarly, the relevance of histone deacetylases inhibition in heart failure and the role of HDAC6 in cardio-protection are discussed. Finally, the role of LMNA (lamin A/C), a nuclear membrane protein that interacts with chromatin to form hundreds of large chromatin domains known as lamin-associated domains (LADs), and 3D genome structure in epigenetic regulation of gene expression and heart failure is discussed. SUMMARY Epigenetic modifications provide a mechanism for responding to stress and environmental variation, enabling reactions to both external and internal stimuli, and their dysregulation can be pathological as in heart failure. To gain a thorough understanding of the pathological mechanisms and to aid in the development of targeted treatments for heart failure, future research on studying the combined effects of numerous epigenetic changes and the structure of chromatin is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Deogharia
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, USA
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Jahng JWS, Wu JC. Laminin: guardian against DNA damage by transcription stress. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae122. [PMID: 38887919 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James W S Jahng
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Zuela-Sopilniak N, Morival J, Lammerding J. Multi-level transcriptomic analysis of LMNA -related dilated cardiomyopathy identifies disease-driving processes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598511. [PMID: 38915720 PMCID: PMC11195185 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
LMNA- related dilated cardiomyopathy ( LMNA -DCM) is one of the most severe forms of DCM. The incomplete understanding of the molecular disease mechanisms results in lacking treatment options, leading to high mortality amongst patients. Here, using an inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific lamin A/C depletion mouse model, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic study, combining both bulk and single nucleus RNA sequencing, and spanning LMNA -DCM disease progression, to identify potential disease drivers. Our refined analysis pipeline identified 496 genes already misregulated early in disease. The expression of these genes was largely driven by disease specific cardiomyocyte sub-populations and involved biological processes mediating cellular response to DNA damage, cytosolic pattern recognition, and innate immunity. Indeed, DNA damage in LMNA -DCM hearts was significantly increased early in disease and correlated with reduced cardiomyocyte lamin A levels. Activation of cytosolic pattern recognition in cardiomyocytes was independent of cGAS, which is rarely expressed in cardiomyocytes, but likely occurred downstream of other pattern recognition sensors such as IFI16. Altered gene expression in cardiac fibroblasts and immune cell infiltration further contributed to tissue-wide changes in gene expression. Our transcriptomic analysis further predicted significant alterations in cell-cell communication between cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and immune cells, mediated through early changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the LMNA -DCM hearts. Taken together, our work suggests a model in which nuclear damage in cardiomyocytes leads to activation of DNA damage responses, cytosolic pattern recognition pathway, and other signaling pathways that activate inflammation, immune cell recruitment, and transcriptional changes in cardiac fibroblasts, which collectively drive LMNA -DCM pathogenesis.
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Li D, Deng Y, Wen G, Wang L, Shi X, Chen S, Chen R. Targeting BRD4 with PROTAC degrader ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting M1 alveolar macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111991. [PMID: 38581996 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute lung injury (ALI) is a highly inflammatory condition with the involvement of M1 alveolar macrophages (AMs) polarization, eventually leading to the development of non-cardiogenic edema in alveolar and interstitial regions, accompanied by persistent hypoxemia. Given the significant mortality rate associated with ALI, it is imperative to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this condition so as to identify potential therapeutic targets. The therapeutic effects of the inhibition of bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4), an epigenetic reader, has been proven with high efficacy in ameliorating various inflammatory diseases through mediating immune cell activation. However, little is known about the therapeutic potential of BRD4 degradation in acute lung injury. METHODS This study aimed to assess the protective efficacy of ARV-825, a novel BRD4-targeted proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), against ALI through histopathological examination in lung tissues and biochemical analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Additionally, the underlying mechanism by which BRD4 regulated M1 AMs was elucidated by using CUT & Tag assay. RESULTS In this study, we found the upregulation of BRD4 in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI model. Furthermore, we observed that intraperitoneal administration of ARV-825, significantly alleviated LPS-induced pulmonary pathological changes and inflammatory responses. These effects were accompanied by the suppression of M1 AMs. In addition, our findings revealed that the administration of ARV-825 effectively suppressed M1 AMs by inhibiting the expression of IRF7, a crucial transcriptional factor involved in M1 macrophages. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that targeting BRD4 using ARV-825 is a potential therapeutic approach for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guanxi Wen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xing Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Shanze Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital) and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Deogharia M, Venegas-Zamora L, Agrawal A, Shi M, Jain AK, McHugh KJ, Altamirano F, Marian AJ, Gurha P. Histone demethylase KDM5 regulates cardiomyocyte maturation by promoting fatty acid oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, and myofibrillar organization. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:630-643. [PMID: 38230606 PMCID: PMC11074792 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) provide a platform to identify and characterize factors that regulate the maturation of CMs. The transition from an immature foetal to an adult CM state entails coordinated regulation of the expression of genes involved in myofibril formation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) among others. Lysine demethylase 5 (KDM5) specifically demethylates H3K4me1/2/3 and has emerged as potential regulators of expression of genes involved in cardiac development and mitochondrial function. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of KDM5 in iPSC-CM maturation. METHODS AND RESULTS KDM5A, B, and C proteins were mainly expressed in the early post-natal stages, and their expressions were progressively downregulated in the post-natal CMs and were absent in adult hearts and CMs. In contrast, KDM5 proteins were persistently expressed in the iPSC-CMs up to 60 days after the induction of myogenic differentiation, consistent with the immaturity of these cells. Inhibition of KDM5 by KDM5-C70 -a pan-KDM5 inhibitor, induced differential expression of 2372 genes, including upregulation of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation (FAO), OXPHOS, and myogenesis in the iPSC-CMs. Likewise, genome-wide profiling of H3K4me3 binding sites by the cleavage under targets and release using nuclease assay showed enriched of the H3K4me3 peaks at the promoter regions of genes encoding FAO, OXPHOS, and sarcomere proteins. Consistent with the chromatin and gene expression data, KDM5 inhibition increased the expression of multiple sarcomere proteins and enhanced myofibrillar organization. Furthermore, inhibition of KDM5 increased H3K4me3 deposits at the promoter region of the ESRRA gene and increased its RNA and protein levels. Knockdown of ESRRA in KDM5-C70-treated iPSC-CM suppressed expression of a subset of the KDM5 targets. In conjunction with changes in gene expression, KDM5 inhibition increased oxygen consumption rate and contractility in iPSC-CMs. CONCLUSION KDM5 inhibition enhances maturation of iPSC-CMs by epigenetically upregulating the expressions of OXPHOS, FAO, and sarcomere genes and enhancing myofibril organization and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Deogharia
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, 6770 Bertner Street, C950G, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leslye Venegas-Zamora
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Akanksha Agrawal
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Miusi Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Abhinav K Jain
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin J McHugh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ali J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, 6770 Bertner Street, C950G, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, 6770 Bertner Street, C950G, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Cathcart B, Cheedipudi SM, Rouhi L, Zhao Z, Gurha P, Marian AJ. DNA double-stranded breaks, a hallmark of aging, defined at the nucleotide resolution, are increased and associated with transcription in the cardiac myocytes in LMNA-cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae063. [PMID: 38577741 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS An intrinsic feature of gene transcription is the formation of DNA superhelices near the transcription bubble, which are resolved upon induction of transient double-stranded breaks (DSBs) by topoisomerases. Unrepaired DSBs are pathogenic as they lead to cell cycle arrest, senescence, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. We posit that DSBs would be more prevalent at the genomic sites that are associated with gene expression. The objectives were to identify and characterize genome-wide DSBs at the nucleotide resolution and determine the association of DSBs with transcription in cardiac myocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified the genome-wide DSBs in ∼1 million cardiac myocytes per heart in three wild-type and three myocyte-specific LMNA-deficient (Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F) mice by END-Sequencing. The prevalence of DSBs was 0.8% and 2.2% in the wild-type and Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F myocytes, respectively. The END-Seq signals were enriched for 8 and 6764 DSBs in the wild-type and Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F myocytes, respectively (q < 0.05). The DSBs were preferentially localized to the gene regions, transcription initiation sites, cardiac transcription factor motifs, and the G quadruplex forming structures. Because LMNA regulates transcription through the lamin-associated domains (LADs), we defined the LADs in cardiac myocytes by a Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) assay (N = 5). On average there were 818 LADs per myocyte. Constitutive LADs (cLADs), defined as LADs that were shared by at least three genomes (N = 2572), comprised about a third of the mouse cardiac myocyte genomes. Transcript levels of the protein-coding genes located at the cLADs (N = 3975) were ∼16-fold lower than those at the non-LAD regions (N = ∼17 778). The prevalence of DSBs was higher in the non-LAD as compared to the cLAD regions. Likewise, DSBs were more common in the loss-of-LAD regions, defined as the genomic regions in the Myh6-Cre:LmnaF/F that were juxtaposed to the LAD regions in the wild-type myocytes. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first identification of the DSBs, at the nucleotide resolution in the cardiovascular system. The prevalence of DSBs was higher in the genomic regions associated with transcription. Because transcription is pervasive, DSBs are expected to be common and pathogenic in various states and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cathcart
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sirisha M Cheedipudi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leila Rouhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, UTHealth, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ali J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Tiwari V, Alam MJ, Bhatia M, Navya M, Banerjee SK. The structure and function of lamin A/C: Special focus on cardiomyopathy and therapeutic interventions. Life Sci 2024; 341:122489. [PMID: 38340979 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lamins are inner nuclear membrane proteins that belong to the intermediate filament family. Lamin A/C lie adjacent to the heterochromatin structure in polymer form, providing skeletal to the nucleus. Based on the localization, lamin A/C provides nuclear stability and cytoskeleton to the nucleus and modulates chromatin organization and gene expression. Besides being the structural protein making the inner nuclear membrane in polymer form, lamin A/C functions as a signalling molecule involved in gene expression as an enhancer inside the nucleus. Lamin A/C regulates various cellular pathways like autophagy and energy balance in the cytoplasm. Its expression is highly variable in differentiated tissues, higher in hard tissues like bone and muscle cells, and lower in soft tissues like the liver and brain. In muscle cells, including the heart, lamin A/C must be expressed in a balanced state. Lamin A/C mutation is linked with various diseases, such as muscular dystrophy, lipodystrophy, and cardiomyopathies. It has been observed that a good number of mutations in the LMNA gene impact cardiac activity and its function. Although several works have been published, there are still several unexplored areas left regarding the lamin A/C function and structure in the cardiovascular system and its pathological state. In this review, we focus on the structural organization, expression pattern, and function of lamin A/C, its interacting partners, and the pathophysiology associated with mutations in the lamin A/C gene, with special emphasis on cardiovascular diseases. With the recent finding on lamin A/C, we have summarized the possible therapeutic interventions to treat cardiovascular symptoms and reverse the molecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India; Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Madhavi Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Malladi Navya
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India.
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Sengupta D, Sengupta K. Lamin A K97E leads to NF-κB-mediated dysfunction of inflammatory responses in dilated cardiomyopathy. Biol Cell 2024; 116:e2300094. [PMID: 38404031 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202300094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins underlying the inner nuclear membrane which provide structural rigidity to the nucleus, tether the chromosomes, maintain nuclear homeostasis, and remain dynamically associated with developmentally regulated regions of the genome. A large number of mutations particularly in the LMNA gene encoding lamin A/C results in a wide array of human diseases, collectively termed as laminopathies. Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one such laminopathic cardiovascular disease which is associated with systolic dysfunction of left or both ventricles leading to cardiac arrhythmia which ultimately culminates into myocardial infarction. RESULTS In this work, we have unraveled the epigenetic landscape to address the regulation of gene expression in mouse myoblast cell line in the context of the missense mutation LMNA 289A CONCLUSIONS We report here for the first time that there is a significant downregulation of the NF-κB pathway, which has been implicated in cardio-protection elsewhere. SIGNIFICANCE This provides a new pathophysiological explanation that correlates an LMNA mutation and dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhita Sengupta
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Kaushik Sengupta
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
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Luo X, Jia H, Wang F, Mo H, Kang Y, Zhang N, Zhao L, Xu L, Yang Z, Yang Q, Chang Y, Li S, Bian N, Hua X, Cui H, Cao Y, Chu C, Zeng Y, Chen X, Chen Z, Ji W, Long C, Song J, Niu Y. Primate Model Carrying LMNA Mutation Develops Dilated Cardiomyopathy. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:380-395. [PMID: 38559624 PMCID: PMC10978409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
To solve the clinical transformation dilemma of lamin A/C (LMNA)-mutated dilated cardiomyopathy (LMD), we developed an LMNA-mutated primate model based on the similarity between the phenotype of primates and humans. We screened out patients with LMD and compared the clinical data of LMD with TTN-mutated and mutation-free dilated cardiomyopathy to obtain the unique phenotype. After establishment of the LMNA c.357-2A>G primate model, primates were continuously observed for 48 months, and echocardiographic, electrophysiological, histologic, and transcriptional data were recorded. The LMD primate model was found to highly simulate the phenotype of clinical LMD. In addition, the LMD primate model shared a similar natural history with humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Han Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lizhu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengsheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiaoyan Yang
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yuan Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shulin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ning Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiumeng Hua
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Innovative Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuqiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Weizhi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chengzu Long
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jiangping Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuyu Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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11
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Hasan AU, Obara M, Sato S, Kondo Y, Taira E. CD146/MCAM links doxorubicin-induced epigenetic dysregulation to the impaired fatty acid transportation in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 693:149370. [PMID: 38100998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
CD146/MCAM has garnered significant attention for its potential contribution to cardiovascular disease; however, the transcriptional regulation and functions remain unclear. To explore these processes regarding cardiomyopathy, we employed doxorubicin, a widely used stressor for cardiomyocytes. Our in vitro study on H9c2 cardiomyoblasts highlights that, besides impairing the fatty acid uptake in the cells, doxorubicin suppressed the expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4) along with the histone deacetylase 9 (Hdac9), bromodomain and extra-terminal domain proteins (BETs: Brd2 and Brd4), while augmented the production of CD146/MCAM. Silencing and chemical inhibition of Hdac9 further augmented CD146/MCAM and deteriorated fatty acid uptake. In contrast, chemical inhibition of BETs as well as silencing of MCAM/CD146 ameliorated fatty acid uptake. Moreover, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibition abrogated CD146/MCAM, particularly in the nucleus. Taken together, our results suggest that epigenetic dysregulation of Hdac9, Brd2, and Brd4 alters CD146/MCAM expression, deteriorating fatty acid uptake by downregulating Fabp4. This process depends on the PKC-mediated nuclear translocation of CD146. Thus, this study highlights a pivotal role of CD146/MCAM in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mami Obara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Sachiko Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kondo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Eiichi Taira
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
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12
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Olcum M, Fan S, Rouhi L, Cheedipudi S, Cathcart B, Jeong HH, Zhao Z, Gurha P, Marian AJ. Genetic inactivation of β-catenin is salubrious, whereas its activation is deleterious in desmoplakin cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2712-2728. [PMID: 37625794 PMCID: PMC11032201 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mutations in the DSP gene encoding desmoplakin, a constituent of the desmosomes at the intercalated discs (IDs), cause a phenotype that spans arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) and dilated cardiomyopathy. It is typically characterized by biventricular enlargement and dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, cell death, and arrhythmias. The canonical wingless-related integration (cWNT)/β-catenin pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of ACM. The β-catenin is an indispensable co-transcriptional regulator of the cWNT pathway and a member of the IDs. We genetically inactivated or activated β-catenin to determine its role in the pathogenesis of desmoplakin cardiomyopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS The Dsp gene was conditionally deleted in the 2-week-old post-natal cardiac myocytes using tamoxifen-inducible MerCreMer mice (Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F). The cWNT/β-catenin pathway was markedly dysregulated in the Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F cardiac myocytes, as indicated by a concomitant increase in the expression of cWNT/β-catenin target genes, isoforms of its key co-effectors, and the inhibitors of the pathway. The β-catenin was inactivated or activated upon inducible deletion of its transcriptional or degron domain, respectively, in the Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F cardiac myocytes. Genetic inactivation of β-catenin in the Myh6-McmTam:DspF/F mice prolonged survival, improved cardiac function, reduced cardiac arrhythmias, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis, and cell death caused by apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, i.e. PANoptosis. In contrast, activation of β-catenin had the opposite effects. The deleterious and the salubrious effects were independent of changes in the expression levels of the cWNT target genes and were associated with changes in several molecular and biological pathways, including cell death programmes. CONCLUSION The cWNT/β-catenin was markedly dysregulated in the cardiac myocytes in a mouse model of desmoplakin cardiomyopathy. Inactivation of β-catenin attenuated, whereas its activation aggravated the phenotype, through multiple molecular pathways, independent of the cWNT transcriptional activity. Thus, suppression but not activation of β-catenin might be beneficial in desmoplakin cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Olcum
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siyang Fan
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leila Rouhi
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sirisha Cheedipudi
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin Cathcart
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyun-Hwan Jeong
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ali J Marian
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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13
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Wang S, Zhang Z, He J, Liu J, Guo X, Chu H, Xu H, Wang Y. Comprehensive review on gene mutations contributing to dilated cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1296389. [PMID: 38107262 PMCID: PMC10722203 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1296389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most common primary myocardial diseases. However, to this day, it remains an enigmatic cardiovascular disease (CVD) characterized by ventricular dilatation, which leads to myocardial contractile dysfunction. It is the most common cause of chronic congestive heart failure and the most frequent indication for heart transplantation in young individuals. Genetics and various other factors play significant roles in the progression of dilated cardiomyopathy, and variants in more than 50 genes have been associated with the disease. However, the etiology of a large number of cases remains elusive. Numerous studies have been conducted on the genetic causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. These genetic studies suggest that mutations in genes for fibronectin, cytoskeletal proteins, and myosin in cardiomyocytes play a key role in the development of DCM. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the genetic basis, mechanisms, and research advances in genes that have been strongly associated with DCM based on evidence-based medicine. We also emphasize the important role of gene sequencing in therapy for potential early diagnosis and improved clinical management of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Jiahuan He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junqian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoxuan Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanchi Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yushi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Tan CY, Chan PS, Tan H, Tan SW, Lee CJM, Wang JW, Ye S, Werner H, Loh YJ, Lee YL, Ackers-Johnson M, Foo RSY, Jiang J. Systematic in vivo candidate evaluation uncovers therapeutic targets for LMNA dilated cardiomyopathy and risk of Lamin A toxicity. J Transl Med 2023; 21:690. [PMID: 37840136 PMCID: PMC10577912 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a severe, non-ischemic heart disease which ultimately results in heart failure (HF). Decades of research on DCM have revealed diverse aetiologies. Among them, familial DCM is the major form of DCM, with pathogenic variants in LMNA being the second most common form of autosomal dominant DCM. LMNA DCM is a multifactorial and complex disease with no specific treatment thus far. Many studies have demonstrated that perturbing candidates related to various dysregulated pathways ameliorate LMNA DCM. However, it is unknown whether these candidates could serve as potential therapeutic targets especially in long term efficacy. METHODS We evaluated 14 potential candidates including Lmna gene products (Lamin A and Lamin C), key signaling pathways (Tgfβ/Smad, mTor and Fgf/Mapk), calcium handling, proliferation regulators and modifiers of LINC complex function in a cardiac specific Lmna DCM model. Positive candidates for improved cardiac function were further assessed by survival analysis. Suppressive roles and mechanisms of these candidates in ameliorating Lmna DCM were dissected by comparing marker gene expression, Tgfβ signaling pathway activation, fibrosis, inflammation, proliferation and DNA damage. Furthermore, transcriptome profiling compared the differences between Lamin A and Lamin C treatment. RESULTS Cardiac function was restored by several positive candidates (Smad3, Yy1, Bmp7, Ctgf, aYAP1, Sun1, Lamin A, and Lamin C), which significantly correlated with suppression of HF/fibrosis marker expression and cardiac fibrosis in Lmna DCM. Lamin C or Sun1 shRNA administration achieved consistent, prolonged survival which highly correlated with reduced heart inflammation and DNA damage. Importantly, Lamin A treatment improved but could not reproduce long term survival, and Lamin A administration to healthy hearts itself induced DCM. Mechanistically, we identified this lapse as caused by a dose-dependent toxicity of Lamin A, which was independent from its maturation. CONCLUSIONS In vivo candidate evaluation revealed that supplementation of Lamin C or knockdown of Sun1 significantly suppressed Lmna DCM and achieve prolonged survival. Conversely, Lamin A supplementation did not rescue long term survival and may impart detrimental cardiotoxicity risk. This study highlights a potential of advancing Lamin C and Sun1 as therapeutic targets for the treatment of LMNA DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Yee Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Pui Shi Chan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Hansen Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Sung Wei Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Chang Jie Mick Lee
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Centre for NanoMedicine, Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117609, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Shu Ye
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Hendrikje Werner
- Nuevocor Pte Ltd, 1 Biopolis Drive, Amnios, #05-01, Singapore, 138622, Singapore
| | - Ying Jie Loh
- Nuevocor Pte Ltd, 1 Biopolis Drive, Amnios, #05-01, Singapore, 138622, Singapore
| | - Yin Loon Lee
- Nuevocor Pte Ltd, 1 Biopolis Drive, Amnios, #05-01, Singapore, 138622, Singapore
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore, 138665, Singapore
| | - Matthew Ackers-Johnson
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Roger S Y Foo
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Jianming Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Health System, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
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15
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Chang L, Huang R, Chen J, Li G, Shi G, Xu B, Wang L. An alpha-helix variant p.Arg156Pro in LMNA as a cause of hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy: genetics and bioinfomatics exploration. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:229. [PMID: 37784143 PMCID: PMC10544607 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
LMNA gene encodes lamin A/C protein which participates in the construction of nuclear lamina, the mutations of LMNA result in a wide variety of diseases known as laminopathies. LMNA-related dilated cardiomyopathy(LMNA-DCM) is one of the more common laminopathy which characterized by progressive heart failure and arrhythmia. However, the mutation features of LMNA-DCM are yet to be elucidated. Herein we described a dilated cardiomyopathy family carrying novel variant c.467G > C(p.Arg156Pro) of LMNA as heterozygous pathogenic variant identified by whole-exome sequencing. With the help of Alphafold2, we predicted mutant protein structure and found an interrupted α-helix region in lamin A/C. In the analysis of 49 confirmed pathogenic missense of laminopathies, Chi-square test showed the DCM phenotype was related to the α-helix region mutation (p < 0.017). After screening the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both mice models and human patients in Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found the variation of α-helix-coding region in LMNA caused abnormal transcriptomic features in cell migration, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Subsequently we constructed (TF)-mRNA-microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network and identified 7 key genes (FMOD, CYP1B1, CA3, F2RL1, HAPLIN1, SNAP91, and KANSL1) as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in LMNA-DCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Guannan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Guangfei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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16
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Del Monte-Monge A, Ruiz-Polo de Lara Í, Gonzalo P, Espinós-Estévez C, González-Amor M, de la Fuente-Pérez M, Andrés-Manzano MJ, Fanjul V, Gimeno JR, Barriales-Villa R, Dorado B, Andrés V. Lamin A/C Ablation Restricted to Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Cardiomyocytes, and Cardiac Fibroblasts Causes Cardiac and Vascular Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11172. [PMID: 37446344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene (encoding lamin A/C proteins) cause several human cardiac diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathies (LMNA-DCM). The main clinical risks in LMNA-DCM patients are sudden cardiac death and progressive left ventricular ejection fraction deterioration, and therefore most human and animal studies have sought to define the mechanisms through which LMNA mutations provoke cardiac alterations, with a particular focus on cardiomyocytes. To investigate if LMNA mutations also cause vascular alterations that might contribute to the etiopathogenesis of LMNA-DCM, we generated and characterized Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice, which constitutively lack lamin A/C in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), cardiac fibroblasts, and cardiomyocytes. Like mice with whole body or cardiomyocyte-specific lamin A/C ablation, Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice recapitulated the main hallmarks of human LMNA-DCM, including ventricular systolic dysfunction, cardiac conduction defects, cardiac fibrosis, and premature death. These alterations were associated with elevated expression of total and phosphorylated (active) Smad3 and cleaved (active) caspase 3 in the heart. Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice also exhibited perivascular fibrosis in the coronary arteries and a switch of aortic VSMCs from the 'contractile' to the 'synthetic' phenotype. Ex vivo wire myography in isolated aortic rings revealed impaired maximum contraction capacity and an altered response to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents in Lmnaflox/floxSM22αCre mice. To our knowledge, our results provide the first evidence of phenotypic alterations in VSMCs that might contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of some forms of LMNA-DCM. Future work addressing the mechanisms underlying vascular defects in LMNA-DCM may open new therapeutic avenues for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Del Monte-Monge
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Íñigo Ruiz-Polo de Lara
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Espinós-Estévez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María González-Amor
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Fuente-Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Andrés-Manzano
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Fanjul
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan R Gimeno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiac Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Roberto Barriales-Villa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (INIBIC-CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Beatriz Dorado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Deogharia M, Agrawal A, Shi M, Jain AK, McHugh KJ, Altamirano F, Marian AJ, Gurha P. Histone demethylase KDM5 regulates cardiomyocyte maturation by promoting fatty acid oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, and myofibrillar organization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.11.535169. [PMID: 37090524 PMCID: PMC10120725 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.11.535169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Human pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs (iPSC-CMs) are a valuable tool for disease modeling, cell therapy and to reconstruct the CM maturation process and identify, characterize factors that regulate maturation. The transition from immature fetal to adult CM entails coordinated regulation of the mature gene programming, which is characterized by the induction of myofilament and OXPHOS gene expression among others. Recent studies in Drosophila , C. elegans, and C2C12 myoblast cell lines have implicated the histone H3K4me3 demethylase KDM5 and its homologs, as a potential regulator of developmental gene program and mitochondrial function. We speculated that KDM5 may potentiate the maturation of iPSC-CMs by targeting a conserved epigenetic program that encompass mitochondrial OXPHOS and other CM specific maturation genes. Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the role of KDM5 in iPSC-CM maturation. Methods and Results Immunoblot analysis revealed that KDM5A, B, and C expression was progressively downregulated in postnatal cardiomyocytes and absent in adult hearts and CMs. Additionally, KDM5 proteins were found to be persistently expressed in iPSC-CMs up to 60 days after the onset of myogenic differentiation, consistent with the immaturity of these cells. Inhibition of KDM5 by KDM5-C70 -a pan-KDM5 inhibitor-resulted in differential regulation of 2,372 genes including upregulation of Fatty acid oxidation (FAO), OXPHOS, and myogenic gene programs in iPSC-CMs. Likewise, genome-wide profiling of H3K4me3 binding sites by the CUT&RUN assay revealed enriched H3K4me3 peaks at the promoter regions of FAO, OXPHOS, and sarcomere genes. Consistent with the chromatin and gene expression data, KDM5 inhibition led to increased expression of multiple sarcomere proteins, enhanced myofibrillar organization and improved calcium handling. Furthermore, inhibition of KDM5 increased H3K4me3 deposits at the promoter region of the ESRRA gene, which is known to regulate OXPHOS and cardiomyocyte maturation, and resulted in its increased RNA and protein levels. Finally, KDM5 inhibition increased baseline, peak, and spare oxygen consumption rates in iPSC-CMs. Conclusions KDM5 regulates the maturation of iPSC-CMs by epigenetically regulating the expression of ESRRA, OXPHOS, FAO, and sarcomere genes and enhancing myofibril organization and mitochondrial function.
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Wang Y, Dobreva G. Epigenetics in LMNA-Related Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050783. [PMID: 36899919 PMCID: PMC10001118 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene for lamin A/C (LMNA) cause a diverse range of diseases known as laminopathies. LMNA-related cardiomyopathy is a common inherited heart disease and is highly penetrant with a poor prognosis. In the past years, numerous investigations using mouse models, stem cell technologies, and patient samples have characterized the phenotypic diversity caused by specific LMNA variants and contributed to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of heart disease. As a component of the nuclear envelope, LMNA regulates nuclear mechanostability and function, chromatin organization, and gene transcription. This review will focus on the different cardiomyopathies caused by LMNA mutations, address the role of LMNA in chromatin organization and gene regulation, and discuss how these processes go awry in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (G.D.)
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (G.D.)
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19
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Manoj P, Kim JA, Kim S, Li T, Sewani M, Chelu MG, Li N. Sinus node dysfunction: current understanding and future directions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H259-H278. [PMID: 36563014 PMCID: PMC9886352 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00618.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the primary pacemaker of the heart. Normal SAN function is crucial in maintaining proper cardiac rhythm and contraction. Sinus node dysfunction (SND) is due to abnormalities within the SAN, which can affect the heartbeat frequency, regularity, and the propagation of electrical pulses through the cardiac conduction system. As a result, SND often increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. SND is most commonly seen as a disease of the elderly given the role of degenerative fibrosis as well as other age-dependent changes in its pathogenesis. Despite the prevalence of SND, current treatment is limited to pacemaker implantation, which is associated with substantial medical costs and complications. Emerging evidence has identified various genetic abnormalities that can cause SND, shedding light on the molecular underpinnings of SND. Identification of these molecular mechanisms and pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of SND is hoped to identify novel therapeutic targets for the development of more effective therapies for this disease. In this review article, we examine the anatomy of the SAN and the pathophysiology and epidemiology of SND. We then discuss in detail the most common genetic mutations correlated with SND and provide our perspectives on future research and therapeutic opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Manoj
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Jitae A Kim
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Tingting Li
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Maham Sewani
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Mihail G Chelu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Na Li
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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20
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Olcum M, Rouhi L, Fan S, Gonzales MM, Jeong HH, Zhao Z, Gurha P, Marian AJ. PANoptosis is a prominent feature of desmoplakin cardiomyopathy. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2023; 3:3. [PMID: 36818425 PMCID: PMC9933912 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2022.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is hereditary cardiomyopathy caused by pathogenic variants (mutations) in genes encoding the intercalated disc (ID), particularly desmosome proteins. ACM caused by mutations in the DSP gene encoding desmoplakin (DSP) is characterized by the prominence of cell death, myocardial fibrosis, and inflammation, and is referred to as desmoplakin cardiomyopathy. Aim The aim of this article was to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DSP cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results The Dsp gene was exclusively deleted in cardiac myocytes using tamoxifen-inducible MerCreMer (Myh6-Mcm Tam) and floxed Dsp (Dsp F/F) mice (Myh6-Mcm Tam:Dsp F/F). Recombination was induced upon subcutaneous injection of tamoxifen (30 mg/kg/d) for 5 days starting post-natal day 14. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plots, cardiac function by echocardiography, arrhythmias by rhythm monitoring, and gene expression by RNA-Seq, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence techniques. Cell death was analyzed by the TUNEL assay and the expression levels of specific markers were by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Myocardial fibrosis was assessed by picrosirius red staining of the myocardial sections, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting. The Myh6-Mcm Tam: Dsp F/F mice showed extensive molecular remodeling of the IDs and the differential expression of ~10,000 genes, which predicted activation of KDM5A, IRFs, and NFκB and suppression of PPARGC1A and RB1, among others in the DSP-deficient myocytes. Gene set enrichment analysis predicted activation of the TNFα/NFκB pathway, inflammation, cell death programs, and fibrosis. Analysis of cell death markers indicated PANoptosis, comprised of apoptosis (increased CASP3, CASP8, BAD and reduced BCL2), necroptosis (increased RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL), and pyroptosis (increased GSDMD and ASC or PYCARD) in the DSP-deficient myocytes. Transcript levels of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes were increased and myocardial fibrosis comprised ~25% of the myocardium in the DSP-deficient hearts. The Myh6-Mcm Tam:Dsp F/F mice showed severe cardiac systolic dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias, and died prematurely with a median survival rate of ~2 months. Conclusion The findings identify PANoptosis as a prominent phenotypic feature of DSP cardiomyopathy and set the stage for delineating the specific molecular mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. The model also provides the opportunity to test the effects of pharmacological and genetic interventions on myocardial fibrosis and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Olcum
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leila Rouhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siyang Fan
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Maya M. Gonzales
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyun-Hwan Jeong
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ali J. Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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21
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Alexanian M, Padmanabhan A, Nishino T, Travers JG, Ye L, Lee CY, Sadagopan N, Huang Y, Pelonero A, Auclair K, Zhu A, Teran BG, Flanigan W, Kim CKS, Lumbao-Conradson K, Costa M, Jain R, Charo I, Haldar SM, Pollard KS, Vagnozzi RJ, McKinsey TA, Przytycki PF, Srivastava D. Chromatin Remodeling Drives Immune-Fibroblast Crosstalk in Heart Failure Pathogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.06.522937. [PMID: 36711864 PMCID: PMC9881961 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.06.522937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis are common stress responses that worsen organ function, yet the molecular mechanisms governing their crosstalk are poorly understood. In diseased organs, stress-induced changes in gene expression fuel maladaptive cell state transitions and pathological interaction between diverse cellular compartments. Although chronic fibroblast activation worsens dysfunction of lung, liver, kidney, and heart, and exacerbates many cancers, the stress-sensing mechanisms initiating the transcriptional activation of fibroblasts are not well understood. Here, we show that conditional deletion of the transcription co-activator Brd4 in Cx3cr1-positive myeloid cells ameliorates heart failure and is associated with a dramatic reduction in fibroblast activation. Analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility and BRD4 occupancy in vivo in Cx3cr1-positive cells identified a large enhancer proximal to Interleukin-1 beta (Il1b), and a series of CRISPR deletions revealed the precise stress-dependent regulatory element that controlled expression of Il1b in disease. Secreted IL1B functioned non-cell autonomously to activate a p65/RELA-dependent enhancer near the transcription factor MEOX1, resulting in a profibrotic response in human cardiac fibroblasts. In vivo, antibody-mediated IL1B neutralization prevented stress-induced expression of MEOX1, inhibited fibroblast activation, and improved cardiac function in heart failure. The elucidation of BRD4-dependent crosstalk between a specific immune cell subset and fibroblasts through IL1B provides new therapeutic strategies for heart disease and other disorders of chronic inflammation and maladaptive tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Alexanian
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arun Padmanabhan
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Nishino
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshua G. Travers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lin Ye
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Clara Youngna Lee
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Nandhini Sadagopan
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Angelo Pelonero
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kirsten Auclair
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ada Zhu
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Gonzalez Teran
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Will Flanigan
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Joint Program in Bioengineering; Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Charis Kee-Seon Kim
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Koya Lumbao-Conradson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mauro Costa
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rajan Jain
- Cardiovascular Institute, Epigenetics Institute, and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Saptarsi M. Haldar
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA, USA
- Amgen Research, Cardiometabolic Disorders; South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine S. Pollard
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J. Vagnozzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Timothy A. McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Pawel F. Przytycki
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Faculty of Computing & Data Sciences, Boston University; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepak Srivastava
- Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone Institutes; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
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22
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Caravia XM, Ramirez-Martinez A, Gan P, Wang F, McAnally JR, Xu L, Bassel-Duby R, Liu N, Olson EN. Loss of function of the nuclear envelope protein LEMD2 causes DNA damage-dependent cardiomyopathy. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e158897. [PMID: 36377660 PMCID: PMC9663152 DOI: 10.1172/jci158897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in nuclear envelope proteins (NEPs) cause devastating genetic diseases, known as envelopathies, that primarily affect the heart and skeletal muscle. A mutation in the NEP LEM domain-containing protein 2 (LEMD2) causes severe cardiomyopathy in humans. However, the roles of LEMD2 in the heart and the pathological mechanisms responsible for its association with cardiac disease are unknown. We generated knockin (KI) mice carrying the human c.T38>G Lemd2 mutation, which causes a missense amino acid exchange (p.L13>R) in the LEM domain of the protein. These mice represent a preclinical model that phenocopies the human disease, as they developed severe dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac fibrosis leading to premature death. At the cellular level, KI/KI cardiomyocytes exhibited disorganization of the transcriptionally silent heterochromatin associated with the nuclear envelope. Moreover, mice with cardiac-specific deletion of Lemd2 also died shortly after birth due to heart abnormalities. Cardiomyocytes lacking Lemd2 displayed nuclear envelope deformations and extensive DNA damage and apoptosis linked to p53 activation. Importantly, cardiomyocyte-specific Lemd2 gene therapy via adeno-associated virus rescued cardiac function in KI/KI mice. Together, our results reveal the essentiality of LEMD2 for genome stability and cardiac function and unveil its mechanistic association with human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xurde M. Caravia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
| | - Andres Ramirez-Martinez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
| | - Peiheng Gan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
| | - Feng Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - John R. McAnally
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, and
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23
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Cheedipudi SM, Asghar S, Marian AJ. Genetic Ablation of the DNA Damage Response Pathway Attenuates Lamin-Associated Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Mice. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:1232-1245. [PMID: 36644279 PMCID: PMC9831927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary disease of cardiac myocytes caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins with a diverse array of functions. Mutations in the LMNA gene, encoding the nuclear envelope protein lamin A/C, are the second most common causes of DCM. The phenotype is characterized by progressive cardiac dysfunction, leading to refractory heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. The molecular pathogenesis of DCM caused by the LMNA mutations is not well known. The LMNA protein is involved in nuclear membrane stability. It is also a guardian of the genome involved in the processing of the topoisomerases at the transcriptionally active domain and the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs). Deletion of the mouse Lmna gene in cardiac myocytes leads to premature death, DCM, myocardial fibrosis, and apoptosis. The phenotype is associated with increased expression of the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (CGAS) and activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. Genetic blockade of the DDR pathway, upon knockout of the Mb21d1 gene encoding CGAS, prolonged survival, improved cardiac function, partially restored levels of molecular markers of heart failure, and attenuated myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis in the LMNA-deficient mice. The findings indicate that targeting the CGAS/DDR pathway might be beneficial in the treatment of DCM caused by mutations in the LMNA gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali J. Marian
- Address for correspondence: Dr Ali J. Marian, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, 6770 Bertner Street, Suite C900A, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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24
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Kervella M, Jahier M, Meli AC, Muchir A. Genome organization in cardiomyocytes expressing mutated A-type lamins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1030950. [PMID: 36274847 PMCID: PMC9585167 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1030950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disorder, in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal, often leading to heart failure. Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by a compromised left ventricular function and contributes significantly to the heart failure epidemic, which represents a staggering clinical and public health problem worldwide. Gene mutations have been identified in 35% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Pathogenic variants in LMNA, encoding nuclear A-type lamins, are one of the major causative causes of dilated cardiomyopathy (i.e. CardioLaminopathy). A-type lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins, which are the main components of the nuclear lamina. The nuclear lamina is connected to the cytoskeleton on one side, and to the chromatin on the other side. Among the models proposed to explain how CardioLaminopathy arises, the “chromatin model” posits an effect of mutated A-type lamins on the 3D genome organization and thus on the transcription activity of tissue-specific genes. Chromatin contacts with the nuclear lamina via specific genomic regions called lamina-associated domains lamina-associated domains. These LADs play a role in the chromatin organization and gene expression regulation. This review focuses on the identification of LADs and chromatin remodeling in cardiac muscle cells expressing mutated A-type lamins and discusses the methods and relevance of these findings in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Kervella
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Maureen Jahier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U974, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | - Albano C. Meli
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U974, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Antoine Muchir,
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25
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Yang L, Sun J, Chen Z, Liu L, Sun Y, Lin J, Hu X, Zhao M, Ma Y, Lu D, Li Y, Guo Y, Dong E. The LMNA p.R541C mutation causes dilated cardiomyopathy in human and mice. Int J Cardiol 2022; 363:149-158. [PMID: 35714719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure. LMNA variants contribute to 6-10% DCM cases, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we reported two patients carrying the LMNA c.1621C > T/ p.R541C variant and generated a knock-in mouse model (LmnaRC) to study the role of this variant in DCM pathogenesis. We found LmnaRC/RC mice exhibited ventricular dilation and reduced systolic functions at 6 months after birth. The LmnaRC/RC cardiomyocytes increased in size but no nuclear morphology defects were detected. Transcriptomic and microscopic analyses revealed suppressed gene expression and perturbed ultrastructure in LmnaRC/RC mitochondria. These defects were associated with increased heterochromatin structures and epigenetic markers including H3K9me2/3. Together, these data implied that the LMNA c.1621C > T/ p.R541C variant enhanced heterochromatic gene suppression and disrupted mitochondria functions as a cause of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzi Yang
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinhuan Sun
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yueshen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junsen Lin
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research. Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuanwu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC) and Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medicine College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC) and Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medicine College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research. Beijing 100191, China
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26
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Gorr MW, Francois A, Marcho LM, Saldana T, McGrail E, Sun N, Stratton MS. Molecular signature of cardiac remodeling associated with Polymerase Gamma mutation. Life Sci 2022; 298:120469. [PMID: 35283176 PMCID: PMC9158136 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabolic function/dysfunction is central to aging biology. This is well illustrated by the Polymerase Gamma (POLG) mutant mouse where a key residue of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase is mutated (D257A), causing loss of mitochondrial DNA stability and dramatically accelerated aging processes. Given known cardiac phenotypes in the POLG mutant, we sought to characterize the course of cardiac dysfunction in the POLG mutant to guide future intervention studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cardiac echocardiography and terminal hemodynamic analyses were used to define the course of dysfunction in the right and left cardiac ventricles in the POLG mutant. We also conducted RNA-seq analysis on cardiac right ventricles to identify mechanisms engaged by severe metabolic dysfunction and compared this analysis to several publically available datasets. KEY FINDINGS Interesting sex differences were noted as female POLG mutants died earlier than male POLG mutants and LV chamber diameters were impacted earlier in females than males. Moreover, male mutants showed LV wall thinning while female mutant LV walls were thicker. Both males and females displayed significant RV hypertrophy. POLG mutants displayed a gene expression pattern associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and heart failure. Finally, comparative omics analyses of publically available data provide additional mechanistic and therapeutic insights. SIGNIFICANCE Aging-associated cardiac dysfunction is a growing clinical problem. This work uncovers sex-specific cardiac responses to severe metabolic dysfunction that are reminiscent of patterns seen in human heart failure and provides insights to the molecular mechanisms engaged downstream of severe metabolic dysfunction that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Gorr
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA,College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ashley Francois
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lynn M. Marcho
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ty Saldana
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin McGrail
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nuo Sun
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew S. Stratton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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27
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Mohammed SA, Albiero M, Ambrosini S, Gorica E, Karsai G, Caravaggi CM, Masi S, Camici GG, Wenzl FA, Calderone V, Madeddu P, Sciarretta S, Matter CM, Spinetti G, Lüscher TF, Ruschitzka F, Costantino S, Fadini GP, Paneni F. The BET Protein Inhibitor Apabetalone Rescues Diabetes-Induced Impairment of Angiogenic Response by Epigenetic Regulation of Thrombospondin-1. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:667-684. [PMID: 34913726 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Therapeutic modulation of blood vessel growth holds promise for the prevention of limb ischemia in diabetic (DM) patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Epigenetic changes, namely, posttranslational histone modifications, participate in angiogenic response suggesting that chromatin-modifying drugs could be beneficial in this setting. Apabetalone (APA), a selective inhibitor of bromodomain (BRD) and bromodomain and extraterminal containing protein family (BET) proteins, prevents bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) interactions with chromatin thus modulating transcriptional programs in different organs. We sought to investigate whether APA affects angiogenic response in diabetes. Results: Compared with vehicle, APA restored tube formation and migration in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) exposed to high-glucose (HG) levels. Expression profiling of angiogenesis genes showed that APA prevents HG-induced upregulation of the antiangiogenic molecule thrombospondin-1 (THBS1). ChIP-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays in HG-treated HAECs showed the enrichment of both BRD4 and active marks (H3K27ac) on THBS1 promoter, whereas BRD4 inhibition by APA prevented chromatin accessibility and THBS1 transcription. Mechanistically, we show that THBS1 inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) signaling, while APA prevents these detrimental changes. In diabetic mice with hind limb ischemia, epigenetic editing by APA restored the THBS1/VEGFA axis, thus improving limb vascularization and perfusion, compared with vehicle-treated animals. Finally, epigenetic regulation of THBS1 by BRD4/H3K27ac was also reported in DM patients with PAD compared with nondiabetic controls. Innovation: This is the first study showing that BET protein inhibition by APA restores angiogenic response in experimental diabetes. Conclusions: Our findings set the stage for preclinical studies and exploratory clinical trials testing APA in diabetic PAD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 667-684.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Era Gorica
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gergely Karsai
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gaia Spinetti
- Cardiovascular Physiopathology-Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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28
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Chen J, Liu Z, Ma L, Gao S, Fu H, Wang C, Lu A, Wang B, Gu X. Targeting Epigenetics and Non-coding RNAs in Myocardial Infarction: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Front Genet 2022; 12:780649. [PMID: 34987550 PMCID: PMC8721121 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.780649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complicated pathology triggered by numerous environmental and genetic factors. Understanding the effect of epigenetic regulation mechanisms on the cardiovascular disease would advance the field and promote prophylactic methods targeting epigenetic mechanisms. Genetic screening guides individualised MI therapies and surveillance. The present review reported the latest development on the epigenetic regulation of MI in terms of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA-dependent MI mechanisms and the novel therapies based on epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Chen
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengwei Gao
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanjie Fu
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Can Wang
- Acupuncture Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Anmin Lu
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Baohe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Xufang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
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29
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Recent Findings Related to Cardiomyopathy and Genetics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212522. [PMID: 34830403 PMCID: PMC8623065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development and advancement of next-generation sequencing (NGS), genetic analysis is becoming more accessible. High-throughput genetic studies using NGS have contributed to unraveling the association between cardiomyopathy and genetic background, as is the case with many other diseases. Rare variants have been shown to play major roles in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy, which was empirically recognized as a monogenic disease, and it has been elucidated that the clinical course of cardiomyopathy varies depending on the causative genes. These findings were not limited to dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; similar trends were reported one after another for peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), and alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). In addition, as the association between clinical phenotypes and the causative genes becomes clearer, progress is being made in elucidating the mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic agents. Recently, it has been suggested that not only rare variants but also common variants contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy and genetics are approaching a new era, which is summarized here in this overview.
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30
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Preclinical Advances of Therapies for Laminopathies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214834. [PMID: 34768351 PMCID: PMC8584472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a group of rare disorders due to mutation in LMNA gene. Depending on the mutation, they may affect striated muscles, adipose tissues, nerves or are multisystemic with various accelerated ageing syndromes. Although the diverse pathomechanisms responsible for laminopathies are not fully understood, several therapeutic approaches have been evaluated in patient cells or animal models, ranging from gene therapies to cell and drug therapies. This review is focused on these therapies with a strong focus on striated muscle laminopathies and premature ageing syndromes.
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Cheedipudi SM, Fan S, Rouhi L, Marian AJ. Pharmacological suppression of the WNT signaling pathway attenuates age-dependent expression of the phenotype in a mouse model of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2021; 1. [PMID: 34447973 PMCID: PMC8386676 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2021.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetic disease of the myocardium, characterized by cardiac arrhythmias, dysfunction, and sudden cardiac death. The pathological hallmark of ACM is fibro-adipocytes replacing cardiac myocytes. The canonical WNT pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of ACM. Aim The study aimed to determine the effects of the suppression of the WNT pathway on cardiac phenotype in a mouse model of ACM. Methods and Results One copy of the Dsp gene, a known cause of ACM in humans, was deleted specifically in cardiac myocytes (Myh6-Cre-Dsp W/F). Three-month-old wild type and Myh6-Cre-Dsp W/F mice, without a discernible phenotype, were randomized to either untreated or daily administration of a vehicle (placebo), or WNT974, the latter an established inhibitor of the WNT pathway, for three months. The Myh6-Cre-Dsp W/F mice in the untreated or placebo-treated groups exhibited cardiac dilatation and dysfunction, increased myocardial fibrosis, and apoptosis upon completion of the study, which was verified by complementary methods. Daily administration of WNT974 prevented and/or attenuated evolving cardiac dilatation and dysfunction, normalized myocardial fibrosis, and reduced apoptosis, compared to the untreated or placebo-treated groups. However, administration of WNT974 increased the number of adipocytes only in the Myh6-Cre-Dsp W/F hearts. There were no differences in the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias and survival rates. Conclusion Suppression of the WNT pathway imparts salutary phenotypic effects by preventing or attenuating age-dependent expression of cardiac dilatation and dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, and apoptosis in a mouse model of ACM. The findings set the stage for large-scale studies and studies in larger animal models to test the beneficial effects of the suppression of the WNT pathway in ACM. One sentence summary Suppression of the WNT signaling pathway has beneficial effects on cardiac dysfunction, myocardial apoptosis, and fibrosis in a mouse model of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirisha M Cheedipudi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siyang Fan
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leila Rouhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ali J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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32
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Disrupting the LINC complex by AAV mediated gene transduction prevents progression of Lamin induced cardiomyopathy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4722. [PMID: 34354059 PMCID: PMC8342462 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24849-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LaminA gene are a common cause of monogenic dilated cardiomyopathy. Here we show that mice with a cardiomyocyte-specific Lmna deletion develop cardiac failure and die within 3-4 weeks after inducing the mutation. When the same Lmna mutations are induced in mice genetically deficient in the LINC complex protein SUN1, life is extended to more than one year. Disruption of SUN1's function is also accomplished by transducing and expressing a dominant-negative SUN1 miniprotein in Lmna deficient cardiomyocytes, using the cardiotrophic Adeno Associated Viral Vector 9. The SUN1 miniprotein disrupts binding between the endogenous LINC complex SUN and KASH domains, displacing the cardiomyocyte KASH complexes from the nuclear periphery, resulting in at least a fivefold extension in lifespan. Cardiomyocyte-specific expression of the SUN1 miniprotein prevents cardiomyopathy progression, potentially avoiding the necessity of developing a specific therapeutic tailored to treating each different LMNA cardiomyopathy-inducing mutation of which there are more than 450.
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33
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Hong X, Wang J, Li S, Zhao Z, Feng Z. RETRACTED: MicroRNA-375-3p in endothelial progenitor cells-derived extracellular vesicles relieves myocardial injury in septic rats via BRD4-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107740. [PMID: 34020393 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Western blot results in Figs. 1E, 4A+F, 5A+B and Supplementary Fig. 1O+P, which appear to have the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as many other publications tabulated here (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/149EjFXVxpwkBXYJOnOHb6RhAqT4a2llhj9LM60MBffM/edit#gid=0 [docs.google.com]). The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the raw data. However, the authors were not responsive to the request for comment. Since original data could not be provided, the overall validity of the results could not be confirmed. Therefore, the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Hong
- PICU, The Seventh Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Surgical Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuanglei Li
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- PICU, The Seventh Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhichun Feng
- PICU, The Seventh Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China.
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34
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Rouhi L, Fan S, Cheedipudi SM, Braza-Boïls A, Molina MS, Yao Y, Robertson MJ, Coarfa C, Gimeno JR, Molina P, Gurha P, Zorio E, Marian AJ. The EP300/TP53 pathway, a suppressor of the Hippo and canonical WNT pathways, is activated in human hearts with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in the absence of overt heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1466-1478. [PMID: 34132777 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a primary myocardial disease that typically manifests with cardiac arrhythmias, progressive heart failure and sudden cardiac death (SCD). ACM is mainly caused by mutations in genes encoding desmosome proteins. Desmosomes are cell-cell adhesion structures and hubs for mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. The objective was to identify the dysregulated molecular and biological pathways in human ACM in the absence of overt heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Transcriptomes in the right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy samples from three independent individuals carrying truncating mutations in the DSP gene and 5 control samples were analyzed by RNA-Seq (discovery group). These cases presented with cardiac arrhythmias and had a normal right ventricular function. The RNA-Seq analysis identified ∼5,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which predicted suppression of the Hippo and canonical WNT pathways, among others.Dysregulated genes and pathways, identified by RNA-Seq, were tested for validation in the right and left ventricular tissues from 5 independent autopsy-confirmed ACM cases with defined mutations (validation group), who were victims of SCD and had no history of heart failure. Protein levels and nuclear localization of the cWNT and Hippo pathway transcriptional regulators were reduced in the right and left ventricular validation samples. In contrast, levels of acetyltransferase EP300, known to suppress the Hippo and canonical WNT pathways, were increased and its bona fide target TP53 was acetylated. RNA-Seq data identified apical junction, reflective of cell-cell attachment, as the most disrupted biological pathway, which was corroborated by disrupted desmosomes and intermediate filament structures. Moreover, the DEGs also predicted dysregulation of over a dozen canonical signal transduction pathways, including the Tec kinase and integrin signaling pathways. The changes were associated with increased apoptosis and fibro-adipogenesis in the ACM hearts. CONCLUSION Altered apical junction structures is associated with activation of the EP300-TP53 and suppression of the Hippo/cWNT pathways in human ACM caused by defined mutations in the absence of an overt heart failure. The findings implicate altered mechanotransduction in the pathogenesis of ACM. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE The findings suggest that altered mechanosensing at the cell-cell junction instigates a cascade of molecular events through the activation of acetyltransferase EP300/TP53 and suppression of gene expression through the Hippo/canonical WNT pathways in human arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) caused by defined mutations. These molecular changes occur early and in the absence of overt heart failure. Consequently, one may envision cell type-specific interventions to target the dysregulated transcriptional, mechanosensing, and mechanotransduction pathways to prevent the evolving phenotype in human ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Rouhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Siyang Fan
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Sirisha M Cheedipudi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Aitana Braza-Boïls
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe)., Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Sabater Molina
- Cardiogenetic Laboratory, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria. Murcia. Spain
| | - Yan Yao
- Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | | | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Cell Biology. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Juan R Gimeno
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad CSUR Cardiopatias Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia
| | - Pilar Molina
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe)., Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Valencia, and Histology Unit at the Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Esther Zorio
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe)., Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - A J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, 77030
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Ijaz T, Burke MA. BET Protein-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation in Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6059. [PMID: 34199719 PMCID: PMC8199980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex disease process with underlying aberrations in neurohormonal systems that promote dysregulated cellular signaling and gene transcription. Over the past 10 years, the advent of small-molecule inhibitors that target transcriptional machinery has demonstrated the importance of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family of epigenetic reader proteins in regulating gene transcription in multiple mouse models of cardiomyopathy. BETs bind to acetylated histone tails and transcription factors to integrate disparate stress signaling networks into a defined gene expression program. Under myocardial stress, BRD4, a BET family member, is recruited to superenhancers and promoter regions of inflammatory and profibrotic genes to promote transcription elongation. Whole-transcriptome analysis of BET-dependent gene networks suggests a major role of nuclear-factor kappa b and transforming growth factor-beta in the development of cardiac fibrosis and systolic dysfunction. Recent investigations also suggest a prominent role of BRD4 in maintaining cardiomyocyte mitochondrial respiration under basal conditions. In this review, we summarize the data from preclinical heart failure studies that explore the role of BET-regulated transcriptional mechanisms and delve into landmark studies that define BET bromodomain-independent processes involved in cardiac homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A. Burke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
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36
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Francois A, Canella A, Marcho LM, Stratton MS. Protein acetylation in cardiac aging. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 157:90-97. [PMID: 33915138 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biological aging is attributed to progressive dysfunction in systems governing genetic and metabolic integrity. At the cellular level, aging is evident by accumulated DNA damage and mutation, reactive oxygen species, alternate lipid and protein modifications, alternate gene expression programs, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These effects sum to drive altered tissue morphology and organ dysfunction. Protein-acylation has emerged as a critical mediator of age-dependent changes in these processes. Despite decades of research focus from academia and industry, heart failure remains a leading cause of death in the United States while the 5 year mortality rate for heart failure remains over 40%. Over 90% of heart failure deaths occur in patients over the age of 65 and heart failure is the leading cause of hospitalization in Medicare beneficiaries. In 1931, Cole and Koch discovered age-dependent accumulation of phosphates in skeletal muscle. These and similar findings provided supporting evidence for, now well accepted, theories linking metabolism and aging. Nearly two decades later, age-associated alterations in biochemical molecules were described in the heart. From these small beginnings, the field has grown substantially in recent years. This growing research focus on cardiac aging has, in part, been driven by advances on multiple public health fronts that allow population level clinical presentation of aging related disorders. It is estimated that by 2030, 25% of the worldwide population will be over the age of 65. This review provides an overview of acetylation-dependent regulation of biological processes related to cardiac aging and introduces emerging non-acetyl, acyl-lysine modifications in cardiac function and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Francois
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alessandro Canella
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lynn M Marcho
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew S Stratton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Yuan P, Cheedipudi SM, Rouhi L, Fan S, Simon L, Zhao Z, Hong K, Gurha P, Marian AJ. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Uncovers Paracrine Functions of the Epicardial-Derived Cells in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2021; 143:2169-2187. [PMID: 33726497 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.052928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) manifests with sudden death, arrhythmias, heart failure, apoptosis, and myocardial fibro-adipogenesis. The phenotype typically starts at the epicardium and advances transmurally. Mutations in genes encoding desmosome proteins, including DSP (desmoplakin), are major causes of ACM. METHODS To delineate contributions of the epicardium to the pathogenesis of ACM, the Dsp allele was conditionally deleted in the epicardial cells in mice upon expression of tamoxifen-inducible Cre from the Wt1 locus. Wild type (WT) and Wt1-CreERT2:DspW/F were crossed to Rosa26mT/mG (R26mT/mG) dual reporter mice to tag the epicardial-derived cells with the EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) reporter protein. Tagged epicardial-derived cells from adult Wt1-CreERT2:R26mT/mG and Wt1-CreERT2: R26mT/mG:DspW/F mouse hearts were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell staining and sequenced by single-cell RNA sequencing. RESULTS WT1 (Wilms tumor 1) expression was progressively restricted postnatally and was exclusive to the epicardium by postnatal day 21. Expression of Dsp was reduced in the epicardial cells but not in cardiac myocytes in the Wt1-CreERT2:DspW/F mice. The Wt1-CreERT2:DspW/F mice exhibited premature death, cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, myocardial fibro-adipogenesis, and apoptosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing of ≈18 000 EGFP-tagged epicardial-derived cells identified genotype-independent clusters of endothelial cells, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and a very small cluster of cardiac myocytes, which were confirmed on coimmunofluorescence staining of the myocardial sections. Differentially expressed genes between the paired clusters in the 2 genotypes predicted activation of the inflammatory and mitotic pathways-including the TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1) and fibroblast growth factors-in the epicardial-derived fibroblast and epithelial clusters, but predicted their suppression in the endothelial cell cluster. The findings were corroborated by analysis of gene expression in the pooled RNA-sequencing data, which identified predominant dysregulation of genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and dysregulation of 146 genes encoding the secreted proteins (secretome), including genes in the TGFβ1 pathway. Activation of the TGFβ1 and its colocalization with fibrosis in the Wt1-CreERT2:R26mT/mG:DspW/F mouse heart was validated by complementary methods. CONCLUSIONS Epicardial-derived cardiac fibroblasts and epithelial cells express paracrine factors, including TGFβ1 and fibroblast growth factors, which mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and contribute to the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis, arrhythmias, and cardiac dysfunction in a mouse model of ACM. The findings uncover contributions of the epicardial-derived cells to the pathogenesis of ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yuan
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine (P.Y., S.M.C., L.R., S.F., P.G., A.J.M.).,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China (P.Y., K.H.)
| | - Sirisha M Cheedipudi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine (P.Y., S.M.C., L.R., S.F., P.G., A.J.M.)
| | - Leila Rouhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine (P.Y., S.M.C., L.R., S.F., P.G., A.J.M.)
| | - Siyang Fan
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine (P.Y., S.M.C., L.R., S.F., P.G., A.J.M.)
| | - Lukas Simon
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (L.S., Z.Z.)
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (L.S., Z.Z.)
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China (P.Y., K.H.)
| | - Priyatansh Gurha
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine (P.Y., S.M.C., L.R., S.F., P.G., A.J.M.)
| | - Ali J Marian
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine (P.Y., S.M.C., L.R., S.F., P.G., A.J.M.)
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Mills RJ, Humphrey SJ, Fortuna PRJ, Lor M, Foster SR, Quaife-Ryan GA, Johnston RL, Dumenil T, Bishop C, Rudraraju R, Rawle DJ, Le T, Zhao W, Lee L, Mackenzie-Kludas C, Mehdiabadi NR, Halliday C, Gilham D, Fu L, Nicholls SJ, Johansson J, Sweeney M, Wong NCW, Kulikowski E, Sokolowski KA, Tse BWC, Devilée L, Voges HK, Reynolds LT, Krumeich S, Mathieson E, Abu-Bonsrah D, Karavendzas K, Griffen B, Titmarsh D, Elliott DA, McMahon J, Suhrbier A, Subbarao K, Porrello ER, Smyth MJ, Engwerda CR, MacDonald KPA, Bald T, James DE, Hudson JE. BET inhibition blocks inflammation-induced cardiac dysfunction and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell 2021; 184:2167-2182.e22. [PMID: 33811809 PMCID: PMC7962543 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac injury and dysfunction occur in COVID-19 patients and increase the risk of mortality. Causes are ill defined but could be through direct cardiac infection and/or inflammation-induced dysfunction. To identify mechanisms and cardio-protective drugs, we use a state-of-the-art pipeline combining human cardiac organoids with phosphoproteomics and single nuclei RNA sequencing. We identify an inflammatory “cytokine-storm”, a cocktail of interferon gamma, interleukin 1β, and poly(I:C), induced diastolic dysfunction. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 is activated along with a viral response that is consistent in both human cardiac organoids (hCOs) and hearts of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice. Bromodomain and extraterminal family inhibitors (BETi) recover dysfunction in hCOs and completely prevent cardiac dysfunction and death in a mouse cytokine-storm model. Additionally, BETi decreases transcription of genes in the viral response, decreases ACE2 expression, and reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection of cardiomyocytes. Together, BETi, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) breakthrough designated drug, apabetalone, are promising candidates to prevent COVID-19 mediated cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Mills
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mary Lor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon R Foster
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca L Johnston
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Troy Dumenil
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Cameron Bishop
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Rajeev Rudraraju
- The WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel J Rawle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Thuy Le
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Wei Zhao
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Leo Lee
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Neda R Mehdiabadi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Dean Gilham
- Resverlogix Corp., Calgary T3E 6L1, AB, Canada
| | - Li Fu
- Resverlogix Corp., Calgary T3E 6L1, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash University, Clayton 3168, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kamil A Sokolowski
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brian W C Tse
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lynn Devilée
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Holly K Voges
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Liam T Reynolds
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Sophie Krumeich
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Ellen Mathieson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Dad Abu-Bonsrah
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathy Karavendzas
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Brendan Griffen
- Dynomics Inc., San Mateo, CA 94401, USA; Dynomics Pty Ltd, Brisbane 4000, QLD, Australia
| | - Drew Titmarsh
- Dynomics Inc., San Mateo, CA 94401, USA; Dynomics Pty Ltd, Brisbane 4000, QLD, Australia
| | - David A Elliott
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - James McMahon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia; GVN Center of Excellence, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- The WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Enzo R Porrello
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Tobias Bald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia; Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - James E Hudson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia.
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Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis, the expansion of the cardiac interstitium through deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, is a common pathophysiologic companion of many different myocardial conditions. Fibrosis may reflect activation of reparative or maladaptive processes. Activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the central cellular effectors in cardiac fibrosis, serving as the main source of matrix proteins. Immune cells, vascular cells and cardiomyocytes may also acquire a fibrogenic phenotype under conditions of stress, activating fibroblast populations. Fibrogenic growth factors (such as transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factors), cytokines [including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-4], and neurohumoral pathways trigger fibrogenic signalling cascades through binding to surface receptors, and activation of downstream signalling cascades. In addition, matricellular macromolecules are deposited in the remodelling myocardium and regulate matrix assembly, while modulating signal transduction cascades and protease or growth factor activity. Cardiac fibroblasts can also sense mechanical stress through mechanosensitive receptors, ion channels and integrins, activating intracellular fibrogenic cascades that contribute to fibrosis in response to pressure overload. Although subpopulations of fibroblast-like cells may exert important protective actions in both reparative and interstitial/perivascular fibrosis, ultimately fibrotic changes perturb systolic and diastolic function, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. This review article discusses the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis in various myocardial diseases, including myocardial infarction, heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction, genetic cardiomyopathies, and diabetic heart disease. Development of fibrosis-targeting therapies for patients with myocardial diseases will require not only understanding of the functional pluralism of cardiac fibroblasts and dissection of the molecular basis for fibrotic remodelling, but also appreciation of the pathophysiologic heterogeneity of fibrosis-associated myocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Alexanian M, Haldar SM. BETs that cover the spread from acquired to heritable heart failure. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:4536-4539. [PMID: 32773407 PMCID: PMC7456232 DOI: 10.1172/jci140304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with reduced contractile function is a common and lethal syndrome in which the heart cannot pump blood to adequately meet bodily demands, resulting in high mortality despite the current standard of care. In modern societies, the most common drivers of HF are ischemic heart disease and hypertension. However, in a substantial subset of cases, patients present with dilated and poorly contracting hearts without evidence of common inciting stressors, a syndrome called dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Genome sequencing has identified a host of deleterious germline variants in key cardiomyocyte genes as causes of heritable DCM, including mutations in LMNA, which encodes the nuclear lamina-associated protein lamin A/C. In this issue of the JCI, Auguste et al. generate a mouse model of DCM in which they delete Lmna in cardiomyocytes and discover that bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein activation is a druggable epigenetic mechanism of disease pathogenesis in this heritable HF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saptarsi M. Haldar
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Amgen Research, South San Francisco, California, USA
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