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Bhattarai U, Xu R, He X, Pan L, Niu Z, Wang D, Zeng H, Chen JX, Clemmer JS, Chen Y. High selenium diet attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiopulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation, and heart failure. Redox Biol 2024; 76:103325. [PMID: 39197316 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency is associated with the development of Keshan disease, a cardiomyopathy associated with massive cardiac immune cell infiltration that can lead to heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study was to determine whether high Se diet can attenuate systolic overload-induced cardiopulmonary inflammation and HF. Briefly, transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiopulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, and pulmonary remodeling were determined in male mice fed with either high Se diet or normal Se diet. High Se diet had no detectable effect on LV structure and function in mice under control conditions, but high Se diet significantly protected mice from TAC-induced LV hypertrophy, dysfunction, increase of lung weight, and right ventricular hypertrophy. As compared with mice treated with normal Se diet, high Se diet also reduced TAC-induced LV cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, leukocyte infiltration, pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary micro-vessel muscularization. In addition, high Se diet significantly ameliorated TAC-induced accumulation and activation of pulmonary F4/80+ macrophages, and activation of dendritic cells. Interestingly, high Se diet also significantly attenuated TAC-induced activation of pulmonary CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, we found that TAC caused a significant increase in cardiac and pulmonary ROS production, increases of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), as well as a compensatory increases of LV glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and 4 (GPX4) in mice fed with normal Se diet. Above changes were diminished in mice fed with high Se diet. Collectively, these data demonstrated that high Se diet significantly attenuated systolic pressure overload-induced cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, HF development, and consequent pulmonary inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Bhattarai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Xiaochen He
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Lihong Pan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Ziru Niu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Jian-Xiong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - John S Clemmer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.
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Gao C, Xiong Z, Liu Y, Wang M, Wang M, Liu T, Liu J, Ren S, Cao N, Yan H, Drucker DJ, Rau CD, Yokota T, Huang J, Wang Y. Glucagon Receptor Antagonist for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Res 2024; 135:614-628. [PMID: 39011638 PMCID: PMC11325917 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an emerging major unmet need and one of the most significant clinic challenges in cardiology. The pathogenesis of HFpEF is associated with multiple risk factors. Hypertension and metabolic disorders associated with obesity are the 2 most prominent comorbidities observed in patients with HFpEF. Although hypertension-induced mechanical overload has long been recognized as a potent contributor to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, the synergistic interaction between mechanical overload and metabolic disorders in the pathogenesis of HFpEF remains poorly characterized. METHOD We investigated the functional outcome and the underlying mechanisms from concurrent mechanic and metabolic stresses in the heart by applying transverse aortic constriction in lean C57Bl/6J or obese/diabetic B6.Cg-Lepob/J (ob/ob) mice, followed by single-nuclei RNA-seq and targeted manipulation of a top-ranked signaling pathway differentially affected in the 2 experimental cohorts. RESULTS In contrast to the post-transverse aortic constriction C57Bl/6J lean mice, which developed pathological features of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction over time, the post-transverse aortic constriction ob/ob mice showed no significant changes in ejection fraction but developed characteristic pathological features of HFpEF, including diastolic dysfunction, worsened cardiac hypertrophy, and pathological remodeling, along with further deterioration of exercise intolerance. Single-nuclei RNA-seq analysis revealed significant transcriptome reprogramming in the cardiomyocytes stressed by both pressure overload and obesity/diabetes, markedly distinct from the cardiomyocytes singularly stressed by pressure overload or obesity/diabetes. Furthermore, glucagon signaling was identified as the top-ranked signaling pathway affected in the cardiomyocytes associated with HFpEF. Treatment with a glucagon receptor antagonist significantly ameliorated the progression of HFpEF-related pathological features in 2 independent preclinical models. Importantly, cardiomyocyte-specific genetic deletion of the glucagon receptor also significantly improved cardiac function in response to pressure overload and metabolic stress. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify glucagon receptor signaling in cardiomyocytes as a critical determinant of HFpEF progression and provide proof-of-concept support for glucagon receptor antagonism as a potential therapy for the disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/drug therapy
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Stroke Volume/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice
- Male
- Receptors, Glucagon/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Glucagon/metabolism
- Receptors, Glucagon/genetics
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Mice, Obese
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Obesity/complications
- Disease Models, Animal
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, OH (C.G., T.L.)
| | - Zhaojun Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Z.X.)
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, DukeNUS School of Medicine and National Heart Center of Singapore, Singapore (Y.L., Meng Wang, S.R., Y.W.)
| | - Meng Wang
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, DukeNUS School of Medicine and National Heart Center of Singapore, Singapore (Y.L., Meng Wang, S.R., Y.W.)
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (Menglong Wang, J.L.)
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, OH (C.G., T.L.)
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (Menglong Wang, J.L.)
| | - Shuxun Ren
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, DukeNUS School of Medicine and National Heart Center of Singapore, Singapore (Y.L., Meng Wang, S.R., Y.W.)
| | - Nancy Cao
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.C.)
| | - Hai Yan
- REMD Biotherapeutics, Camarillo, CA (Y.H.)
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Department of Medicine, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.J.D.)
| | - Christoph Daniel Rau
- Computational Medicine Program and Department of Human Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (C.D.R.)
| | - Tomohiro Yokota
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, and the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (T.Y.)
| | - Jijun Huang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (J.H.)
| | - Yibin Wang
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, DukeNUS School of Medicine and National Heart Center of Singapore, Singapore (Y.L., Meng Wang, S.R., Y.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (Y.W.)
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3
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Seth J, Sharma S, Leong CJ, Rabkin SW. Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Ameliorate Heart Failure through Reductions in Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:955. [PMID: 39199201 PMCID: PMC11351866 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to explore the role that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays in heart failure (HF), highlighting the potential connection to oxidative stress pathways. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted electronic searches of the literature in MEDLINE and EMBASE focusing on serum EPA and/or DHA and EPA and/or DHA supplementation in adult patients with heart failure or who had heart failure as an outcome of this study. We screened 254 studies, encompassing RCTs, observational studies, and cohort studies that examined HF outcomes in relation to either serum concentrations or dietary supplementation of EPA and/or DHA. The exclusion criteria were pediatric patients, non-HF studies, abstracts, editorials, case reports, and reviews. Eleven studies met our criteria. In meta-analyses, high serum concentrations of DHA were associated with a lower rate of heart failure with a hazard ratio of 0.74 (CI = 0.59-0.94). High serum concentrations of EPA also were associated with an overall reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events with a hazard ratio of 0.60 (CI = 0.46-0.77). EPA and DHA, or n3-PUFA administration, were associated with an increased LVEF with a mean difference of 1.55 (CI = 0.07-3.03)%. A potential explanation for these findings is the ability of EPA and DHA to inhibit pathways by which oxidative stress damages the heart or impairs cardiac systolic or diastolic function producing heart failure. Specifically, EPA may lower oxidative stress within the heart by reducing the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cardiac tissue by (i) upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which increases the expression of antioxidant enzyme activity, including heme oxygenase-1, thioredoxin reductase 1, ferritin light chain, ferritin heavy chain, and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD), (ii) increasing the expression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase, (iii) targeting Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 (Ffar4), (iv) upregulating expression of heme-oxygenase-1, (v) lowering arachidonic acid levels, and (vi) inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. DHA may lower oxidative stress within the heart by (i) reducing levels of mitochondrial-fission-related protein DRP-1(ser-63), (ii) promoting the incorporation of cardiolipin within the mitochondrial membrane, (iii) reducing myocardial fibrosis, which leads to diastolic heart failure, (iv) reducing the expression of genes such as Appa, Myh7, and Agtr1α, and (v) reducing inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α. In conclusion, EPA and/or DHA have the potential to improve heart failure, perhaps mediated by their ability to modulate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Seth
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 9th Floor 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (J.S.); (S.S.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Sohat Sharma
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 9th Floor 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (J.S.); (S.S.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Cameron J. Leong
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 9th Floor 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (J.S.); (S.S.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Simon W. Rabkin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 9th Floor 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (J.S.); (S.S.); (C.J.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, 9th Floor 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Soni P, Ammal Kaidery N, Sharma SM, Gazaryan I, Nikulin SV, Hushpulian DM, Thomas B. A critical appraisal of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease: new insights into emerging mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1390798. [PMID: 39040474 PMCID: PMC11260649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1390798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a pressing global health challenge, and the identification of novel mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis is of utmost importance. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This review delves into the discovery of ferroptosis, the critical players involved, and their intricate role in the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration, with an emphasis on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We critically appraise unsolved mechanistic links involved in the initiation and propagation of ferroptosis, such as a signaling cascade resulting in the de-repression of lipoxygenase translation and the role played by mitochondrial voltage-dependent anionic channels in iron homeostasis. Particular attention is given to the dual role of heme oxygenase in ferroptosis, which may be linked to the non-specific activity of P450 reductase in the endoplasmic reticulum. Despite the limited knowledge of ferroptosis initiation and progression in neurodegeneration, Nrf2/Bach1 target genes have emerged as crucial defenders in anti-ferroptotic pathways. The activation of Nrf2 and the inhibition of Bach1 can counteract ferroptosis and present a promising avenue for future therapeutic interventions targeting ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Soni
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College of Arts and Sciences, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, United States
| | - Sergey V. Nikulin
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Hushpulian
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- A.N.Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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5
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Zhao L, Qin Y, Liu Y, An L, Liu W, Zhang C, Song Q, Dai C, Zhang J, Li A. The total xanthones extracted from Gentianella acuta alleviates HFpEF by activating the IRE1α/Xbp1s pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18466. [PMID: 38847482 PMCID: PMC11157675 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by pulmonary and systemic congestion resulting from left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and increased filling pressure. Currently, however, there is no evidence on effective pharmacotherapy for HFpEF. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of total xanthones extracted from Gentianella acuta (TXG) on HFpEF by establishing an high-fat diet (HFD) + L-NAME-induced mouse model. Echocardiography was employed to assess the impact of TXG on the cardiac function in HFpEF mice. Haematoxylin and eosin staining, wheat germ agglutinin staining, and Masson's trichrome staining were utilized to observe the histopathological changes following TXG treatment. The results demonstrated that TXG alleviated HFpEF by reducing the expressions of genes associated with myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis. Furthermore, TXG improved cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TXG could activate the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)/X-box-binding protein 1 (Xbp1s) signalling pathway, but the knockdown of IRE1α using the IRE1α inhibitor STF083010 or siRNA-IRE1α impaired the ability of TXG to ameliorate cardiac remodelling in HFpEF models. In conclusion, TXG alleviates myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis through the activation of the IRE1α/Xbp1s signalling pathway, suggesting its potential beneficial effects on HFpEF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Yiping Qin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Yangong Liu
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Liping An
- College of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Weizhe Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- College of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Department of TechnologyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Qiuhang Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Cheng Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Faculty of NursingHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Aiying Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio‐Cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- College of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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6
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Xia W, Zhang M, Liu C, Wang S, Xu A, Xia Z, Pang L, Cai Y. Exploring the therapeutic potential of tetrahydrobiopterin for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A path forward. Life Sci 2024; 345:122594. [PMID: 38537900 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
A large number of patients are affected by classical heart failure (HF) symptomatology with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and multiorgan syndrome. Due to high morbidity and mortality rate, hospitalization and mortality remain serious socioeconomic problems, while the lack of effective pharmacological or device treatment means that HFpEF presents a major unmet medical need. Evidence from clinical and basic studies demonstrates that systemic inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and impaired mitochondrial function are the common pathological mechanisms in HFpEF. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), beyond being an endogenous co-factor for catalyzing the conversion of some essential biomolecules, has the capacity to prevent systemic inflammation, enhance antioxidant resistance, and modulate mitochondrial energy production. Therefore, BH4 has emerged in the last decade as a promising agent to prevent or reverse the progression of disorders such as cardiovascular disease. In this review, we cover the clinical progress and limitations of using downstream targets of nitric oxide (NO) through NO donors, soluble guanylate cyclase activators, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in treating cardiovascular diseases, including HFpEF. We discuss the use of BH4 in association with HFpEF, providing new evidence for its potential use as a pharmacological option for treating HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Xia
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China.
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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7
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Zheng H, Xu Y, Liehn EA, Rusu M. Vitamin C as Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species during Healing after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3114. [PMID: 38542087 PMCID: PMC10970003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, coronary artery bypass and reperfusion therapies are considered the gold standard in long-term treatments to restore heart function after acute myocardial infarction. As a drawback of these restoring strategies, reperfusion after an ischemic insult and sudden oxygen exposure lead to the exacerbated synthesis of additional reactive oxidative species and the persistence of increased oxidation levels. Attempts based on antioxidant treatment have failed to achieve an effective therapy for cardiovascular disease patients. The controversial use of vitamin C as an antioxidant in clinical practice is comprehensively systematized and discussed in this review. The dose-dependent adsorption and release kinetics mechanism of vitamin C is complex; however, this review may provide a holistic perspective on its potential as a preventive supplement and/or for combined precise and targeted therapeutics in cardiovascular management therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Yichen Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Elisa A. Liehn
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- National Institute of Pathology “Victor Babes”, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 99-101, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Rusu
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Lu S, Liang Y, Yang S, Fu M, Shan X, Zhang C, Chen H, Zhao P, Lu R. Stachydrine Hydrochloride Regulates the NOX2-ROS-Signaling Axis in Pressure-Overload-Induced Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14369. [PMID: 37762672 PMCID: PMC10531983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies revealed the protection of stachydrine hydrochloride (STA) against cardiopathological remodeling. One of the underlying mechanisms involves the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKII). However, the way STA influences CaMKII needs to be further investigated. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2)-coupled reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction putatively induces the oxidative activation of CaMKII, resulting in the occurrence of pathological cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in experimental models of mice. Thus, in this study, we assessed the role of the NOX2-ROS signal axis in STA cardioprotection. The transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced heart failure model of mice, the phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic model of neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes, and the H2O2-induced oxidative stress models of adult mouse primary cardiomyocytes and H9c2 cells were employed. The echocardiography and histological staining were applied to assess the cardiac effect of STA (6 mg/kg/d or 12 mg/kg/d), which was given by gavage. NOX2, ROS, and excitation-contraction (EC) coupling were detected by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and calcium transient-contraction synchronous recordings. ROS and ROS-dependent cardiac fibrosis were alleviated in STA-treated TAC mice, demonstrating improved left ventricular ejection fraction and hypertrophy. In the heart failure model of mice and the hypertrophic model of cardiomyocytes, STA depressed NOX2 protein expression and activation, as shown by inhibited translocation of its phosphorylation, p67phox and p47phox, from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. Furthermore, in cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress, STA suppressed NOX2-related cytosolic Ca2+ overload, enhanced cell contractility, and decreased Ca2+-dependent regulatory protein expression, including CaMKⅡ and Ryanodine receptor calcium release channels. Cardioprotection of STA against pressure overload-induced pathological cardiac remodeling correlates with the NOX2-coupled ROS signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Yueyang Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Songru Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Mengwei Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Xiaoli Shan
- Public Experiment Platform, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Intergrative Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Huihua Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Pei Zhao
- Public Experiment Platform, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Rong Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SHUTCM, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
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Wang X, Kong X, Feng X, Jiang DS. Effects of DNA, RNA, and Protein Methylation on the Regulation of Ferroptosis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3558-3575. [PMID: 37497000 PMCID: PMC10367552 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by elevated intracellular ferrous ion levels and increased lipid peroxidation. Since its discovery and characterization in 2012, considerable progress has been made in understanding the regulatory mechanisms and pathophysiological functions of ferroptosis. Recent findings suggest that numerous organ injuries (e.g., ischemia/reperfusion injury) and degenerative pathologies (e.g., aortic dissection and neurodegenerative disease) are driven by ferroptosis. Conversely, insufficient ferroptosis has been linked to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, a recent study revealed the effect of ferroptosis on hematopoietic stem cells under physiological conditions. The regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis identified to date include mainly iron metabolism, such as iron transport and ferritinophagy, and redox systems, such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-glutathione (GSH), ferroptosis-suppressor-protein 1 (FSP1)-CoQ10, FSP1-vitamin K (VK), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)-CoQ, and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1)-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the important regulatory role played by epigenetic mechanisms, especially DNA, RNA, and protein methylation, in ferroptosis. In this review, we provide a critical analysis of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of ferroptosis identified to date, with a focus on the regulatory role of DNA, RNA, and protein methylation. Furthermore, we discuss some debated findings and unanswered questions that should be the foci of future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Xianghai Kong
- Department of Intervention & Vascular Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and echnology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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10
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Uruski P, Matuszewska J, Leśniewska A, Rychlewski D, Niklas A, Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Tykarski A, Książek K. An integrative review of nonobvious puzzles of cellular and molecular cardiooncology. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:44. [PMID: 37221467 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncologic patients are subjected to four major treatment types: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. All nonsurgical forms of cancer management are known to potentially violate the structural and functional integrity of the cardiovascular system. The prevalence and severity of cardiotoxicity and vascular abnormalities led to the emergence of a clinical subdiscipline, called cardiooncology. This relatively new, but rapidly expanding area of knowledge, primarily focuses on clinical observations linking the adverse effects of cancer therapy with deteriorated quality of life of cancer survivors and their increased morbidity and mortality. Cellular and molecular determinants of these relations are far less understood, mainly because of several unsolved paths and contradicting findings in the literature. In this article, we provide a comprehensive view of the cellular and molecular etiology of cardiooncology. We pay particular attention to various intracellular processes that arise in cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells treated in experimentally-controlled conditions in vitro and in vivo with ionizing radiation and drugs representing diverse modes of anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Matuszewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Daniel Rychlewski
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Niklas
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland.
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11
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Chuaiphichai S, Chu SM, Carnicer R, Kelly M, Bendall JK, Simon JN, Douglas G, Crabtree MJ, Casadei B, Channon KM. Endothelial cell-specific roles for tetrahydrobiopterin in myocardial function, cardiac hypertrophy, and response to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H430-H442. [PMID: 36735402 PMCID: PMC9988535 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00562.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a critical regulator of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) function and redox signaling, with reduced BH4 implicated in multiple cardiovascular disease states. In the myocardium, augmentation of BH4 levels can impact on cardiomyocyte function, preventing hypertrophy and heart failure. However, the specific role of endothelial cell BH4 biosynthesis in the coronary circulation and its role in cardiac function and the response to ischemia has yet to be elucidated. Endothelial cell-specific Gch1 knockout mice were generated by crossing Gch1fl/fl with Tie2cre mice, generating Gch1fl/flTie2cre mice and littermate controls. GTP cyclohydrolase protein and BH4 levels were reduced in heart tissues from Gch1fl/flTie2cre mice, localized to endothelial cells, with normal cardiomyocyte BH4. Deficiency in coronary endothelial cell BH4 led to NOS uncoupling, decreased NO bioactivity, and increased superoxide and hydrogen peroxide productions in the hearts of Gch1fl/flTie2cre mice. Under physiological conditions, loss of endothelial cell-specific BH4 led to mild cardiac hypertrophy in Gch1fl/flTie2cre hearts. Endothelial cell BH4 loss was also associated with increased neuronal NOS protein, loss of endothelial NOS protein, and increased phospholamban phosphorylation at serine-17 in cardiomyocytes. Loss of cardiac endothelial cell BH4 led to coronary vascular dysfunction, reduced functional recovery, and increased myocardial infarct size following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Taken together, these studies reveal a specific role for endothelial cell Gch1/BH4 biosynthesis in cardiac function and the response to cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Targeting endothelial cell Gch1 and BH4 biosynthesis may provide a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardiac dysfunction and ischemia-reperfusion injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate a critical role for endothelial cell Gch1/BH4 biosynthesis in coronary vascular function and cardiac function. Loss of cardiac endothelial cell BH4 leads to coronary vascular dysfunction, reduced functional recovery, and increased myocardial infarct size following ischemia/reperfusion injury. Targeting endothelial cell Gch1 and BH4 biosynthesis may provide a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardiac dysfunction, ischemia injury, and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surawee Chuaiphichai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sandy M Chu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Carnicer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Kelly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jenifer K Bendall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jillian N Simon
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Crabtree
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Bioscience and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Casadei
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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12
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Hiraiwa H, Okumura T, Murohara T. Amino acid profiling to predict prognosis in patients with heart failure: an expert review. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 10:32-43. [PMID: 36300549 PMCID: PMC9871678 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex disease with a poor prognosis. A number of widely used prognostic tools have limitations, so efforts to identify novel predictive markers and measures are important. As a metabolomics tool, amino acid profiling has shown promise in predicting heart failure prognosis; however, the evidence has not yet been sufficiently evaluated. We describe the utilization of amino acids in the healthy heart and in heart failure before reviewing the literature on amino acid profiling for prognostic prediction. We expertly interpret the findings and provide suggestions for future research to advance the understanding of the prognostic potential of amino acid profiling in heart failure. Our analysis revealed correlations between amino acid biomarkers and traditional prognostic factors, the additional prognostic value of amino acid biomarkers over traditional prognostic factors, and the successful use of amino acid biomarkers to distinguish heart failure aetiology. Although certain amino acid biomarkers have demonstrated additional prognostic value over traditional measures, such as New York Heart Association functional class, these measures are deeply rooted in clinical practice; thus, amino acid biomarkers may be best placed as additional prognostic tools to improve current risk stratification rather than as surrogate tools. Once the metabolic profiles of different heart failure aetiologies have been clearly delineated, the amino acid biomarkers with the most value in prognostic prediction should be determined. Amino acid profiling could be useful to evaluate the pathophysiology and metabolic status of different heart failure cohorts, distinguish heart failure aetiologies, and improve risk stratification and prognostic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hiraiwa
- Department of CardiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of CardiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of CardiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
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13
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Mitophagy: A Potential Target for Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2849985. [PMID: 36204518 PMCID: PMC9532135 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2849985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathological mechanisms underlying cardiac remodelling and cardiac dysfunction caused by pressure overload are poorly understood. Mitochondrial damage and functional dysfunction, including mitochondrial bioenergetic disorder, oxidative stress, and mtDNA damage, contribute to heart injury caused by pressure overload. Mitophagy, an important regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, is triggered by mitochondrial damage and participates in the pathological process of cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies indicate that mitophagy plays a critical role in the pressure overload model, but evidence on the causal relationship between mitophagy abnormality and pressure overload-induced heart injury is inconclusive. This review summarises the mechanism, role, and regulation of mitophagy in the pressure overload model. It also pays special attention to active compounds that may regulate mitophagy in pressure overload, which provide clues for possible clinical applications.
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14
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Teuber JP, Essandoh K, Hummel SL, Madamanchi NR, Brody MJ. NADPH Oxidases in Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1822. [PMID: 36139898 PMCID: PMC9495396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases regulate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative damage to cellular components but also regulate redox signaling in many cell types with essential functions in the cardiovascular system. Research over the past couple of decades has uncovered mechanisms by which NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes regulate oxidative stress and compartmentalize intracellular signaling in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and other cell types. NOX2 and NOX4, for example, regulate distinct redox signaling mechanisms in cardiac myocytes pertinent to the onset and progression of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which accounts for at least half of all heart failure cases and has few effective treatments to date, is classically associated with ventricular diastolic dysfunction, i.e., defects in ventricular relaxation and/or filling. However, HFpEF afflicts multiple organ systems and is associated with systemic pathologies including inflammation, oxidative stress, arterial stiffening, cardiac fibrosis, and renal, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Basic science studies and clinical data suggest a role for systemic and myocardial oxidative stress in HFpEF, and evidence from animal models demonstrates the critical functions of NOX enzymes in diastolic function and several HFpEF-associated comorbidities. Here, we discuss the roles of NOX enzymes in cardiovascular cells that are pertinent to the development and progression of diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF and outline potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Teuber
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kobina Essandoh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Scott L. Hummel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | | | - Matthew J. Brody
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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15
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Ovchinnikov A, Potekhina A, Belyavskiy E, Ageev F. Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Pulmonary Hypertension: Focus on Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081024. [PMID: 36015172 PMCID: PMC9414416 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). A chronic increase in mean left atrial pressure leads to passive remodeling in pulmonary veins and capillaries and modest PH (isolated postcapillary PH, Ipc-PH) and is not associated with significant right ventricular dysfunction. In approximately 20% of patients with HFpEF, "precapillary" alterations of pulmonary vasculature occur with the development of the combined pre- and post-capillary PH (Cpc-PH), pertaining to a poor prognosis. Current data indicate that pulmonary vasculopathy may be at least partially reversible and thus serves as a therapeutic target in HFpEF. Pulmonary vascular targeted therapies, including phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, may have a valuable role in the management of patients with PH-HFpEF. In studies of Cpc-PH and HFpEF, PDE type 5 inhibitors were effective in long-term follow-up, decreasing pulmonary artery pressure and improving RV contractility, whereas studies of Ipc-PH did not show any benefit. Randomized trials are essential to elucidate the actual value of PDE inhibition in selected patients with PH-HFpEF, especially in those with invasively confirmed Cpc-PH who are most likely to benefit from such treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Ovchinnikov
- Out-Patient Department, Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 3-d Cherepkovskaya St., 15a, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Clinical Functional Diagnostics, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya St., 20, p. 1, 127473 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(495)-414-66-12 or +7-(916)-505-79-58; Fax: +7-(495)-414-66-12
| | - Alexandra Potekhina
- Out-Patient Department, Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 3-d Cherepkovskaya St., 15a, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny Belyavskiy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fail Ageev
- Out-Patient Department, Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 3-d Cherepkovskaya St., 15a, 121552 Moscow, Russia
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16
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Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E. Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease. Cell 2022; 185:2853-2878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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17
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He M, Wang D, Xu Y, Jiang F, Zheng J, Feng Y, Cao J, Zhou X. Nitric Oxide-Releasing Platforms for Treating Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071345. [PMID: 35890241 PMCID: PMC9317153 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first leading cause of death globally. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that mediates diverse processes in the cardiovascular system, thereby providing a fundamental basis for NO-based therapy of CVD. At present, numerous prodrugs have been developed to release NO in vivo. However, the clinical application of these prodrugs still faces many problems, including the low payloads, burst release, and non-controlled delivery. To address these, various biomaterial-based platforms have been developed as the carriers to deliver NO to the targeted tissues in a controlled and sustained manner. This review aims to summarize recent developments of various therapeutic platforms, engineered to release NO for the treatment of CVD. In addition, two potential strategies to improve the effectiveness of existing NO therapy are also discussed, including the combination of NO-releasing platforms and either hydrogen sulfide-based therapy or stem cell therapy. Hopefully, some NO-releasing platforms may provide important therapeutic benefits for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue He
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (M.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Deping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yumei Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (M.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Fangying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yanlin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (J.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (J.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (M.H.); (Y.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (J.C.); (X.Z.)
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18
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Greenberg HZE, Zhao G, Shah AM, Zhang M. Role of oxidative stress in calcific aortic valve disease and its therapeutic implications. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1433-1451. [PMID: 33881501 PMCID: PMC9074995 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the end result of active cellular processes that lead to the progressive fibrosis and calcification of aortic valve leaflets. In western populations, CAVD is a significant cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and in the absence of effective drugs, it will likely represent an increasing disease burden as populations age. As there are currently no pharmacological therapies available for preventing, treating, or slowing the development of CAVD, understanding the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of the disease is important for identifying novel therapeutic targets. Recent evidence has emerged of an important causative role for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of CAVD, inducing the differentiation of valve interstitial cells into myofibroblasts and then osteoblasts. In this review, we focus on the roles and sources of ROS driving CAVD and consider their potential as novel therapeutic targets for this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Z E Greenberg
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Ajay M Shah
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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19
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Fei J, Demillard LJ, Ren J. Reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular diseases: an update. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2022.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing major health threats. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most important products from the process of redox reactions. In the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases, ROS are believed to heavily influence homeostasis of lipids, proteins, DNA, mitochondria, and energy metabolism. As ROS production increases, the heart is damaged, leading to further production of ROS. The vicious cycle continues on as additional ROS are generated. For example, recent evidence indicated that connexin 43 (Cx43) deficiency and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) activation led to a loss of protection in cardiomyocytes. In this context, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind ROS production is vital in determining effective treatment and management strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Fei
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Laurie J. Demillard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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20
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An N, Zhang G, Li Y, Yuan C, Yang F, Zhang L, Gao Y, Xing Y. Promising Antioxidative Effect of Berberine in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:865353. [PMID: 35321323 PMCID: PMC8936808 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.865353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), an important quaternary benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for over 3,000 years. BBR has been shown in both traditional and modern medicine to have a wide range of pharmacological actions, including hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. The unregulated reaction chain induced by oxidative stress as a crucial mechanism result in myocardial damage, which is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Numerous researches have established that BBR protects myocardium and may be beneficial in the treatment of CVDs. Given that the pivotal role of oxidative stress in CVDs, the pharmacological effects of BBR in the treatment and/or management of CVDs have strongly attracted the attention of scholars. Therefore, this review sums up the prevention and treatment mechanisms of BBR in CVDs from in vitro, in vivo, and finally to the clinical field trials timely. We summarized the antioxidant stress of BBR in the management of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion; it also analyzes the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in arrhythmia and heart failure and the therapeutic effects of BBR. In short, BBR is a hopeful drug candidate for the treatment of CVDs, which can intervene in the process of CVDs from multiple angles and different aspects. Therefore, if we want to apply it to the clinic on a large scale, more comprehensive, intensive, and detailed researches are needed to be carried out to clarify the molecular mechanism and targets of BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na An
- Guang’anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjian Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Dezhou Second People’s Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang’anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Mongirdienė A, Skrodenis L, Varoneckaitė L, Mierkytė G, Gerulis J. Reactive Oxygen Species Induced Pathways in Heart Failure Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:602. [PMID: 35327404 PMCID: PMC8945343 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With respect to structural and functional cardiac disorders, heart failure (HF) is divided into HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Oxidative stress contributes to the development of both HFrEF and HFpEF. Identification of a broad spectrum of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced pathways in preclinical models has provided new insights about the importance of ROS in HFrEF and HFpEF development. While current treatment strategies mostly concern neuroendocrine inhibition, recent data on ROS-induced metabolic pathways in cardiomyocytes may offer additional treatment strategies and targets for both of the HF forms. The purpose of this article is to summarize the results achieved in the fields of: (1) ROS importance in HFrEF and HFpEF pathophysiology, and (2) treatments for inhibiting ROS-induced pathways in HFrEF and HFpEF patients. ROS-producing pathways in cardiomyocytes, ROS-activated pathways in different HF forms, and treatment options to inhibit their action are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aušra Mongirdienė
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laurynas Skrodenis
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Leila Varoneckaitė
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gerda Mierkytė
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Justinas Gerulis
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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22
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Toro R, Pérez-Serra A, Mangas A, Campuzano O, Sarquella-Brugada G, Quezada-Feijoo M, Ramos M, Alcalá M, Carrera E, García-Padilla C, Franco D, Bonet F. miR-16-5p Suppression Protects Human Cardiomyocytes against Endoplasmic Reticulum and Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031036. [PMID: 35162959 PMCID: PMC8834785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, defined as the excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) relative to antioxidant defense, plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has emerged as an important source of ROS and its modulation could be cardioprotective. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-16-5p is enriched in the plasma of ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients and promotes ER stress-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Here, we hypothesize that miR-16-5p might contribute to oxidative stress through ER stress induction and that targeting miR-16-5p may exert a cardioprotective role in ER stress-mediated cardiac injury. Analysis of oxidative markers in the plasma of ICM patients demonstrates that oxidative stress is associated with ICM. Moreover, we confirm that miR-16-5p overexpression promotes oxidative stress in AC16 cardiomyoblasts. We also find that, in response to tunicamycin-induced ER stress, miR-16-5p suppression decreases apoptosis, inflammation and cardiac damage via activating the ATF6-mediated cytoprotective pathway. Finally, ATF6 is identified as a direct target gene of miR-16-5p by dual-luciferase reporter assays. Our results indicate that miR-16-5p promotes ER stress and oxidative stress in cardiac cells through regulating ATF6, suggesting that the inhibition of miR-16-5p has potential as a therapeutic approach to protect the heart against ER and oxidative stress-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Toro
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Serra
- Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain;
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain;
| | - Alipio Mangas
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Internal Medicine Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Oscar Campuzano
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Georgia Sarquella-Brugada
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Arrhythmias Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Quezada-Feijoo
- Cardiology Department Hospital Cruz Roja, Alfonso X University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (M.Q.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Mónica Ramos
- Cardiology Department Hospital Cruz Roja, Alfonso X University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (M.Q.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Martin Alcalá
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (E.C.)
| | - Esther Carrera
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (E.C.)
| | - Carlos García-Padilla
- Departamento de Anatomia, Embriologia y Zoologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Diego Franco
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Bonet
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (F.B.)
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23
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Bae H, Kim T, Lim I. Carbon monoxide activation of delayed rectifier potassium currents of human cardiac fibroblasts through diverse pathways. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:25-36. [PMID: 34965993 PMCID: PMC8723981 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To identify the effect and mechanism of carbon monoxide (CO) on delayed rectifier K+ currents (IK) of human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs), we used the wholecell mode patch-clamp technique. Application of CO delivered by carbon monoxidereleasing molecule-3 (CORM3) increased the amplitude of outward K+ currents, and diphenyl phosphine oxide-1 (a specific IK blocker) inhibited the currents. CORM3- induced augmentation was blocked by pretreatment with nitric oxide synthase blockers (L-NG-monomethyl arginine citrate and L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester). Pretreatment with KT5823 (a protein kinas G blocker), 1H-[1,-2,-4] oxadiazolo-[4,-3-a] quinoxalin-1-on (ODQ, a soluble guanylate cyclase blocker), KT5720 (a protein kinase A blocker), and SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase blocker) blocked the CORM3 stimulating effect on IK. In addition, pretreatment with SB239063 (a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK] blocker) and PD98059 (a p44/42 MAPK blocker) also blocked the CORM3's effect on the currents. When testing the involvement of S-nitrosylation, pretreatment of N-ethylmaleimide (a thiol-alkylating reagent) blocked CO-induced IK activation and DL-dithiothreitol (a reducing agent) reversed this effect. Pretreatment with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-21H,23H porphyrin manganese (III) pentachloride and manganese (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride (superoxide dismutase mimetics), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (an NADPH oxidase blocker), or allopurinol (a xanthine oxidase blocker) also inhibited CO-induced IK activation. These results suggest that CO enhances IK in HCFs through the nitric oxide, phosphorylation by protein kinase G, protein kinase A, and MAPK, S-nitrosylation and reduction/oxidation (redox) signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemi Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 06973, Korea
| | - Inja Lim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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24
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Pathophysiology of heart failure and an overview of therapies. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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25
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Wegener JW, Wagdi A, Wagner E, Katschinski DM, Hasenfuss G, Bruegmann T, Lehnart SE. The RyR2-R2474S Mutation Sensitizes Cardiomyocytes and Hearts to Catecholaminergic Stress-Induced Oxidation of the Mitochondrial Glutathione Pool. Front Physiol 2021; 12:777770. [PMID: 34955889 PMCID: PMC8696262 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.777770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) characteristically cause catecholaminergic arrhythmias. Reminiscent of the phenotype in patients, RyR2-R2474S knockin mice develop exercise-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias. In cardiomyocytes, increased mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ uptake was recently linked to non-linearly enhanced ATP synthesis with important implications for cardiac redox metabolism. We hypothesize that catecholaminergic stimulation and contractile activity amplify mitochondrial oxidation pathologically in RyR2-R2474S cardiomyocytes. To investigate this question, we generated double transgenic RyR2-R2474S mice expressing a mitochondria-restricted fluorescent biosensor to monitor the glutathione redox potential (EGSH). Electrical field pacing-evoked RyR2-WT and RyR2-R2474S cardiomyocyte contractions resulted in a small but significant baseline EGSH increase. Importantly, β-adrenergic stimulation resulted in excessive EGSH oxidization of the mitochondrial matrix in RyR2-R2474S cardiomyocytes compared to baseline and RyR2-WT control. Physiologically β-adrenergic stimulation significantly increased mitochondrial EGSH further in intact beating RyR2-R2474S but not in RyR2-WT control Langendorff perfused hearts. Finally, this catecholaminergic EGSH increase was significantly attenuated following treatment with the RyR2 channel blocker dantrolene. Together, catecholaminergic stimulation and increased diastolic Ca2+ leak induce a strong, but dantrolene-inhibited mitochondrial EGSH oxidization in RyR2-R2474S cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg W Wegener
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ahmed Wagdi
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva Wagner
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dörthe M Katschinski
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Bruegmann
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 58:medicina58010031. [PMID: 35056338 PMCID: PMC8781272 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) depends on the primary impairment of sarcomeres, but it can also be associated with secondary alterations in the heart related to oxidative stress. The present study aimed to examine oxidative-antioxidant disturbances in patients with HCM compared with control individuals. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 52 consecutive HCM patients and 97 controls without HCM. The groups were matched for age, body mass index, and sex. Peripheral blood was collected from all patients to determine the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), lipid hydroperoxide (LPH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The oxidative stress index (OSI) was defined as the ratio of the TOS level to the TAC level. Results: The median age was 52 years, and 58.4% were female. The area under the curve (AUC) indicated good predictive power for the TAC and TOS [AUC 0.77 (0.69–0.84) and 0.83 (0.76–0.90), respectively], as well as excellent predictive power for the OSI [AUC 0.87 (0.81–0.93)] for HCM detection. Lipid peroxidation markers also demonstrated good predictive power to detect HCM patients [AUCLPH = 0.73, AUCMDA = 0.79]. Conclusions: The TOS, the TAC, LPH levels, and MDA levels have good predictive power for HCM detection. The holistic assessment of oxidative stress by the OSI had excellent power and could identify patients with HCM.
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27
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De Geest B, Mishra M. Role of Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure: Insights from Gene Transfer Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111645. [PMID: 34829874 PMCID: PMC8615706 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological circumstances, there is an exquisite balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS degradation, resulting in low steady-state ROS levels. ROS participate in normal cellular function and in cellular homeostasis. Oxidative stress is the state of a transient or a persistent increase of steady-state ROS levels leading to disturbed signaling pathways and oxidative modification of cellular constituents. It is a key pathophysiological player in pathological hypertrophy, pathological remodeling, and the development and progression of heart failure. The heart is the metabolically most active organ and is characterized by the highest content of mitochondria of any tissue. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS in the myocardium. The causal role of oxidative stress in heart failure is highlighted by gene transfer studies of three primary antioxidant enzymes, thioredoxin, and heme oxygenase-1, and is further supported by gene therapy studies directed at correcting oxidative stress linked to metabolic risk factors. Moreover, gene transfer studies have demonstrated that redox-sensitive microRNAs constitute potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of heart failure. In conclusion, gene therapy studies have provided strong corroborative evidence for a key role of oxidative stress in pathological remodeling and in the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Geest
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-372-059
| | - Mudit Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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28
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Malikova E, Kmecova Z, Doka G, Pivackova LB, Balis P, Trubacova S, Velasova E, Krenek P, Klimas J. Pioglitazone restores phosphorylation of downregulated caveolin-1 in right ventricle of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 44:101-112. [PMID: 34747283 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1996589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caveolin-1 (cav-1) plays a role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH is characterized by a loss of cav-1 in pulmonary arteries; however, less is known regarding its role in the hypertrophied right ventricle (RV). We aimed to characterize the role of cav-1 and Hsp90 in the RV of MCT-induced PAH and their impact on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Additionally, we focused on restoration of cav-1 expression with pioglitazone administration. METHODS Male 12-week-old Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). Selected proteins (cav-1, eNOS, pSer1177eNOS, Hsp90) and mRNAs (cav-1α, cav-1β, eNOS) were determined in the RV and left ventricle (LV) 4 weeks later. In a separate MCT-induced PAH study, pioglitazone (10 mg/kg/d, orally) administration started on day 14 after MCT. RESULTS MCT induced RV hypertrophy and lung enlargement. Cav-1 and pTyr14cav-1 were decreased in RV. Caveolin-1α (cav-1α) and caveolin-1β (cav-1β) mRNAs were decreased in both ventricles. Hsp90 protein was increased in RV. eNOS and pSer1177eNOS proteins were unchanged in the ventricles. eNOS mRNA was reduced in RV. Pioglitazone treatment increased oxygen saturation and pTyr14cav-1 vs. MCT group. CONCLUSIONS Restoration of pTyr14cav-1 did not lead to amelioration of the disease, nor did it prevent RV hypertrophy and fibrosis, which was indicated by an increase in Acta2, Nppb, Col3a1, and Tgfβ1 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Malikova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kmecova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriel Doka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Bies Pivackova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Balis
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Simona Trubacova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Velasova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Krenek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Klimas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
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29
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Vellasamy S, Murugan D, Abas R, Alias A, Seng WY, Woon CK. Biological Activities of Paeonol in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:4976. [PMID: 34443563 PMCID: PMC8400614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol is a naturally existing bioactive compound found in the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa and it is traditionally used in Chinese medicine for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. To date, a great deal of studies has been reported on the pharmacological effects of paeonol and its mechanisms of action in various diseases and conditions. In this review, the underlying mechanism of action of paeonol in cardiovascular disease has been elucidated. Recent studies have revealed that paeonol treatment improved endothelium injury, demoted inflammation, ameliorated oxidative stress, suppressed vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and repressed platelet activation. Paeonol has been reported to effectively protect the cardiovascular system either employed alone or in combination with other traditional medicines, thus, signifying it could be a hypothetically alternative or complementary atherosclerosis treatment. This review summarizes the biological and pharmacological activities of paeonol in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and its associated underlying mechanisms for a better insight for future clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Vellasamy
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarum 42610, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Dharmani Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Razif Abas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Aspalilah Alias
- Department of Basic Sciences and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia;
- Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Wu Yuan Seng
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Choy Ker Woon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
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30
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Weissman D, Maack C. Redox signaling in heart failure and therapeutic implications. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:345-364. [PMID: 34019933 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a growing health burden worldwide characterized by alterations in excitation-contraction coupling, cardiac energetic deficit and oxidative stress. While current treatments are mostly limited to antagonization of neuroendocrine activation, more recent data suggest that also targeting metabolism may provide substantial prognostic benefit. However, although in a broad spectrum of preclinical models, oxidative stress plays a causal role for the development and progression of heart failure, no treatment that targets reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly has entered the clinical arena yet. In the heart, ROS derive from various sources, such as NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, uncoupled nitric oxide synthase and mitochondria. While mitochondria are the primary source of ROS in the heart, communication between different ROS sources may be relevant for physiological signalling events as well as pathologically elevated ROS that deteriorate excitation-contraction coupling, induce hypertrophy and/or trigger cell death. Here, we review the sources of ROS in the heart, the modes of pathological activation of ROS formation as well as therapeutic approaches that may target ROS specifically in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weissman
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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31
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Jackson MR, Cox KD, Baugh SDP, Wakeen L, Rashad AA, Lam PYS, Polyak B, Jorns MS. Discovery of a first-in-class inhibitor of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase that protects against adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1771-1784. [PMID: 34132787 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a potent signaling molecule that activates diverse cardioprotective pathways by posttranslational modification (persulfidation) of cysteine residues in upstream protein targets. Heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) exhibit low levels of H2S. Sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) catalyzes the first irreversible step in the metabolism of H2S and plays a key role in regulating H2S-mediated signaling. Our aim here was to discover a first-in-class inhibitor of human SQOR and evaluate its cardioprotective effect in an animal model of HFrEF. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified a potent inhibitor of human SQOR (STI1, IC50 = 29 nM) by high-throughput screening of a small-molecule library, followed by focused medicinal chemistry optimization and structure-based design. STI1 is a competitive inhibitor that binds with high selectivity to the coenzyme Q-binding pocket in SQOR. STI1 exhibited very low cytotoxicity and attenuated the hypertrophic response of neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes and H9c2 cells induced by neurohormonal stressors. A mouse HFrEF model was produced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Treatment of TAC mice with STI1 mitigated the development of cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion, dilatation of the left ventricle, and cardiac fibrosis and decreased the pressure gradient across the aortic constriction. Moreover, STI1 dramatically improved survival, preserved cardiac function, and prevented the progression to HFrEF by impeding the transition from compensated to decompensated left ventricle hypertrophy. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that the coenzyme Q-binding pocket in human SQOR is a druggable target and establish proof of concept for the potential of SQOR inhibitors to provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of HFrEF. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE In HFrEF there is a compelling need for new drugs that mitigate the pathological remodeling induced by injury and improve patient survival. This study identifies SQOR-inhibiting drugs as a promising first-in-class therapy for HFrEF patients. Due to the well-established protective properties of H2S-induced signaling in renal physiology and disease, this novel class of heart failure therapeutics may also address the large unmet need of therapies for approximately 50% of heart failure patients that have coexisting chronic renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Kristie D Cox
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Simon D P Baugh
- Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc. Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - Luke Wakeen
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Adel A Rashad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Patrick Y S Lam
- Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc. Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
| | - Boris Polyak
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Marilyn Schuman Jorns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
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Mishra S, Kass DA. Cellular and molecular pathobiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:400-423. [PMID: 33432192 PMCID: PMC8574228 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-00480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) affects half of all patients with heart failure worldwide, is increasing in prevalence, confers substantial morbidity and mortality, and has very few effective treatments. HFpEF is arguably the greatest unmet medical need in cardiovascular disease. Although HFpEF was initially considered to be a haemodynamic disorder characterized by hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, the pandemics of obesity and diabetes mellitus have modified the HFpEF syndrome, which is now recognized to be a multisystem disorder involving the heart, lungs, kidneys, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, vascular system, and immune and inflammatory signalling. This multiorgan involvement makes HFpEF difficult to model in experimental animals because the condition is not simply cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension with abnormal myocardial relaxation. However, new animal models involving both haemodynamic and metabolic disease, and increasing efforts to examine human pathophysiology, are revealing new signalling pathways and potential therapeutic targets. In this Review, we discuss the cellular and molecular pathobiology of HFpEF, with the major focus being on mechanisms relevant to the heart, because most research has focused on this organ. We also highlight the involvement of other important organ systems, including the lungs, kidneys and skeletal muscle, efforts to characterize patients with the use of systemic biomarkers, and ongoing therapeutic efforts. Our objective is to provide a roadmap of the signalling pathways and mechanisms of HFpEF that are being characterized and which might lead to more patient-specific therapies and improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A. Kass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,
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Current trends and future perspectives for heart failure treatment leveraging cGMP modifiers and the practical effector PKG. J Cardiol 2021; 78:261-268. [PMID: 33814252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), an intracellular second messenger molecule synthesized by guanylated cyclases (GCs), controls various myocardial properties, including cell growth and survival, interstitial fibrosis, endothelial permeability, cardiac contractility, and cardiovascular remodeling. These processes are mediated by the main cGMP effector protein kinase G (PKG) activation of which exerts intrinsic protective responses against the adverse effects of neurohormonal stimulation and pathological cardiac stress. Therapeutic strategies that enhance cGMP levels and PKG activation have been used for heart failure, which can be executed by reducing natriuretic peptide (NP) proteolysis, enhancing cGMP synthesis, or blocking cGMP hydrolysis. Among these, reducing NP clearance with neprilysin inhibitor combined with angiotensin receptor blocker has been shown to greatly improve the prognosis of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) compared to the prognosis of patients on standard therapy using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Moreover, in a recent phase III clinical trial, soluble GC-derived cGMP generation was shown to have potential efficacy in the management of HFrEF. Despite the clinical significance of cGMP/PKG signaling activated by either soluble or particulate GCs in heart failure, the differential signaling events downstream of intracellular cGMP, which are precisely controlled not only by PKG activation but also by the changes in its targeting and compartmentalization depending on the pathophysiology of heart disease, are not yet completely understood. Hitherto, the importance of the latter PKG regulatory mechanisms in developing therapeutic strategies has not been elucidated. Further investigation of redox-based PKG modulation will aid in the successful development of clinical therapies and could also lead to the establishment of improved personalized treatments for patients with heart failure.
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Traore KF, Kone KY, Ahi AP, Soro D, Assidjo NE, Fauconnier ML, Sindic M. Phenolic compounds characterisation and antioxidant activity of black plum (Vitex doniana) fruit pulp and peel from Côte d’Ivoire. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Activation of NADPH oxidase mediates mitochondrial oxidative stress and atrial remodeling in diabetic rabbits. Life Sci 2021; 272:119240. [PMID: 33600862 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) in diabetes mellitus (DM) involve a complex interplay between increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and atrial remodeling. In this study, we examined the effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation on mitochondrial oxidative stress and atrial remodeling in a rabbit model of diabetes mellitus (DM). MAIN METHODS Healthy rabbits were selected and randomly divided into control, diabetic and apocynin administration group. Parameters of echocardiography, atrial electrophysiology, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were compared between the different groups. KEY FINDINGS Compared to the control group, the DM group showed higher activity of NADPH oxidase, increased oxidative stress, larger left atrial diameter, a reduction in atrial mean conduction velocity. These findings were associated with increased interstitial fibrosis of the atria and higher atrial fibrillation (AF) inducibility. Moreover, atrial ultrastructure and mitochondrial function such as the mitochondrial respiratory control rate (RCR) were impaired. NADPH oxidase inhibition using the pharmacological agent apocynin improved these changes. SIGNIFICANCE NADPH oxidase activity plays an important role in mitochondrial oxidative stress, which is associated with AF inducibility by promoting adverse atrial remodeling. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin can prevent these pathological changes and may be a potential drug for AF treatment.
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Infante T, Costa D, Napoli C. Novel Insights Regarding Nitric Oxide and Cardiovascular Diseases. Angiology 2021; 72:411-425. [PMID: 33478246 DOI: 10.1177/0003319720979243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a powerful mediator with biological activities such as vasodilation and prevention of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as well as functional regulation of cardiac cells. Thus, impaired production or reduced bioavailability of NO predisposes to the onset of different cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Alterations in the redox balance associated with excitation-contraction coupling have been identified in heart failure (HF), thus contributing to contractile abnormalities and arrhythmias. For its ability to influence cell proliferation and angiogenesis, NO may be considered a therapeutic option for the management of several CV diseases. Several clinical studies and trials investigated therapeutic NO strategies for systemic hypertension, atherosclerosis, and/or prevention of in stent restenosis, coronary heart disease (CHD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and HF, although with mixed results in long-term treatment and effective dose administered in selected groups of patients. Tadalafil, sildenafil, and cinaguat were evaluated for the treatment of PAH, whereas vericiguat was investigated in the treatment of HF patients with reduced ejection fraction. Furthermore, supplementation with hydrogen sulfide, tetrahydrobiopterin, and nitrite/nitrate has shown beneficial effects at the vascular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Infante
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, 18994University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Costa
- U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, 18994University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, 18994University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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Ngwenyama N, Kirabo A, Aronovitz M, Velázquez F, Carrillo-Salinas F, Salvador AM, Nevers T, Amarnath V, Tai A, Blanton RM, Harrison DG, Alcaide P. Isolevuglandin-Modified Cardiac Proteins Drive CD4+ T-Cell Activation in the Heart and Promote Cardiac Dysfunction. Circulation 2021; 143:1242-1255. [PMID: 33463362 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the well-established association between T-cell-mediated inflammation and nonischemic heart failure, the specific mechanisms triggering T-cell activation during the progression of heart failure and the antigens involved are poorly understood. We hypothesized that myocardial oxidative stress induces the formation of isolevuglandin (IsoLG)-modified proteins that function as cardiac neoantigens to elicit CD4+ T-cell receptor (TCR) activation and promote heart failure. METHODS We used transverse aortic constriction in mice to trigger myocardial oxidative stress and T-cell infiltration. We profiled the TCR repertoire by mRNA sequencing of intramyocardial activated CD4+ T cells in Nur77GFP reporter mice, which transiently express GFP on TCR engagement. We assessed the role of antigen presentation and TCR specificity in the development of cardiac dysfunction using antigen presentation-deficient MhcII-/- mice and TCR transgenic OTII mice that lack specificity for endogenous antigens. We detected IsoLG protein adducts in failing human hearts. We also evaluated the role of reactive oxygen species and IsoLGs in eliciting T-cell immune responses in vivo by treating mice with the antioxidant TEMPOL and the IsoLG scavenger 2-hydroxybenzylamine during transverse aortic constriction, and ex vivo in mechanistic studies of CD4+ T-cell proliferation in response to IsoLG-modified cardiac proteins. RESULTS We discovered that TCR antigen recognition increases in the left ventricle as cardiac dysfunction progresses and identified a limited repertoire of activated CD4+ T-cell clonotypes in the left ventricle. Antigen presentation of endogenous antigens was required to develop cardiac dysfunction because MhcII-/- mice reconstituted with CD4+ T cells and OTII mice immunized with their cognate antigen were protected from transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac dysfunction despite the presence of left ventricle-infiltrated CD4+ T cells. Scavenging IsoLGs with 2-hydroxybenzylamine reduced TCR activation and prevented cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, cardiac pressure overload resulted in reactive oxygen species-dependent dendritic cell accumulation of IsoLG protein adducts, which induced robust CD4+ T-cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates an important role of reactive oxygen species-induced formation of IsoLG-modified cardiac neoantigens that lead to TCR-dependent CD4+ T-cell activation within the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njabulo Ngwenyama
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.K., D.G.H.)
| | - Mark Aronovitz
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.A., R.M.B.)
| | - Francisco Velázquez
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | | | - Ane M Salvador
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Tania Nevers
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Venkataraman Amarnath
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (V.A.)
| | - Albert Tai
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Robert M Blanton
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.A., R.M.B.)
| | - David G Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.K., D.G.H.)
| | - Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
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38
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Kianu Phanzu B, Nkodila Natuhoyila A, Kintoki Vita E, M'Buyamba Kabangu JR, Longo-Mbenza B. Association between insulin resistance and left ventricular hypertrophy in asymptomatic, Black, sub-Saharan African, hypertensive patients: a case-control study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:1. [PMID: 33388039 PMCID: PMC7777396 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01829-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Conflicting information exists regarding the association between insulin resistance (IR) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We described the associations between obesity, fasting insulinemia, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and LVH in Black patients with essential hypertension. Methods A case–control study was conducted at the Centre Médical de Kinshasa (CMK), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, between January and December 2019. Cases and controls were hypertensive patients with and without LVH, respectively. The relationships between obesity indices, physical inactivity, glucose metabolism and lipid disorder parameters, and LVH were assessed using linear and logistic regression analyses in simple and univariate exploratory analyses, respectively. When differences were observed between LVH and independent variables, the effects of potential confounders were studied through the use of multiple linear regression and in conditional logistic regression in multivariate analyses. The coefficients of determination (R2), adjusted odds ratios (aORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to determine associations between LVH and the independent variables.
Results Eighty-eight LVH cases (52 men) were compared against 132 controls (81 men). Variation in left ventricular mass (LVM) could be predicted by the following variables: age (19%), duration of hypertension (31.3%), body mass index (BMI, 44.4%), waist circumference (WC, 42.5%), glycemia (20%), insulinemia (44.8%), and HOMA-IR (43.7%). Hypertension duration, BMI, insulinemia, and HOMA-IR explained 68.3% of LVM variability in the multiple linear regression analysis. In the logistic regression model, obesity increased the risk of LVH by threefold [aOR 2.8; 95% CI (1.06–7.4); p = 0.038], and IR increased the risk of LVH by eightfold [aOR 8.4; 95 (3.7–15.7); p < 0.001]. Conclusion Obesity and IR appear to be the primary predictors of LVH in Black sub-Saharan African hypertensive patients. The comprehensive management of cardiovascular risk factors should be emphasized, with particular attention paid to obesity and IR. A prospective population-based study of Black sub-Saharan individuals that includes the use of serial imaging remains essential to better understand subclinical LV deterioration over time and to confirm the role played by IR in Black sub-Saharan individuals with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Kianu Phanzu
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital of Kinshasa, PO Box 1038, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. .,Centre Médical de Kinshasa (CMK), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
| | | | - Eleuthère Kintoki Vita
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital of Kinshasa, PO Box 1038, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital of Kinshasa, PO Box 1038, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Abstract
Cyclic GMP (cGMP) represents a classic intracellular second messenger molecule. Over the past 2 decades, important discoveries have identified that cGMP signaling becomes deranged in heart failure (HF) and that cGMP and its main kinase effector, protein kinase G, generally oppose the biological abnormalities contributing to HF, in experimental studies. These findings have influenced the design of clinical trials of cGMP-augmenting drugs in HF patients. At present, the trial results of cGMP-augmenting therapies in HF remain mixed. As detailed in this review, strong evidence now exists that protein kinase G opposes pathologic cardiac remodeling through regulation of diverse biological processes and myocardial substrates. Potential reasons for the failures of cGMP-augmenting drugs in HF may be related to biological mechanisms opposing cGMP or because of certain features of clinical trials, all of which are discussed.
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40
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Li R, Rhee SJ, Bae S, Su S, Kang CS, Ke Q, Koo YE, Ryu C, Song CG, Lee D, Kang PM. H2O2-Responsive Antioxidant Nanoparticle Attenuates Whole Body Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Multi-Organ Damages. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2020; 26:279-288. [PMID: 33111565 DOI: 10.1177/1074248420969571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mortality and morbidity after cardiac arrest remain high due to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury causing multi-organ damages, even after successful return of spontaneous circulation. We previously generated H2O2-activatable antioxidant nanoparticles formulated with copolyoxalate containing vanillyl alcohol (PVAX) to prevent I/R injury. In this study, we examined whether PVAX could effectively reduce organ damages in a rat model of whole-body ischemia/reperfusion injury (WBIR). To induce a cardiac arrest, 70µl/100 g body weight of 1 mmol/l potassium chloride was administered via the jugular venous catheter. The animals in both the vehicle and PVAX-treated groups had similar baseline blood pressure. After 5.5 minutes of cardiac arrest, animals were resuscitated via intravenous epinephrine followed by chest compressions. PVAX or vehicle was injected after the spontaneous recovery of blood pressure was noted, followed by the same dose of second injection 10 minutes later. After 24 hours, multiple organs were harvested for pathological, biochemical, molecular analyses. No significant difference on the restoration of spontaneous circulation was observed between vehicle and PVAX groups. Analysis of organs harvested 24 hours post procedure showed that whole body I/R significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inflammatory markers, and apoptosis in multiple organs (heart, brain, and kidney). PVAX treatment effectively blocked ROS generation, reduced the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and decreased apoptosis in these organs. Taken together, our results suggest that PVAX has potent protective effect against WBIR induced multi-organ injury, possibly by blocking ROS-mediated cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijian Li
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sang Jae Rhee
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Soochan Bae
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shi Su
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chang-Sun Kang
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of BIN Convergence Technology, 26714Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Qingen Ke
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ye Eun Koo
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chloe Ryu
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chul Gyu Song
- Division of Electronic Engineering and Center for Advanced Bioimaging Research, 26714Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, 26714Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Peter M Kang
- Cardiovascular Institute, 1859Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Olowe R, Sandouka S, Saadi A, Shekh-Ahmad T. Approaches for Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress Quantification in Epilepsy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E990. [PMID: 33066477 PMCID: PMC7602129 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have been implicated in many neurological pathologies, including acute seizures and epilepsy. Seizure-induced damage has been demonstrated both in vitro and in several in vivo seizure and epilepsy models by direct determination of ROS, and by measuring indirect markers of OS. In this manuscript, we review the current reliable methods for quantifying ROS-related and OS-related markers in pre-clinical and clinical epilepsy studies. We first provide pieces of evidence for the involvement of different sources of ROS in epilepsy. We then discuss general methods and assays used for the ROS measurements, mainly superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, and hydroxyl radical in in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, we discuss the role of these ROS and markers of oxidative injury in acute seizures and epilepsy pre-clinical studies. The indirect detection of secondary products of ROS such as measurements of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation will also be discussed. This review also discusses reliable methods for the assessment of ROS, OS markers, and their by-products in epilepsy clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tawfeeq Shekh-Ahmad
- The Institute for Drug Research, The School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (R.O.); (S.S.); (A.S.)
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Characterization of the Oxidative Stress in Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 3. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1605358. [PMID: 33102574 PMCID: PMC7568802 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1605358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In kidney disease (KD), several factors released into the bloodstream can induce a series of changes in the heart, leading to a wide variety of clinical situations called cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the signaling and progression of systemic inflammatory conditions, as observed in KD. The aim of the present study was to characterize the redox balance in renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac remodeling. C57BL/6 male mice were subjected to occlusion of the left renal pedicle, unilateral, for 60 min, followed by reperfusion for 8 and 15 days, respectively. The following redox balance components were evaluated: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (FRAP), NADPH oxidase (NOX), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the tissue bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) such as S-nitrosothiol (RSNO) and nitrite (NO2−). The results indicated a process of renoprotection in both kidneys, indicated by the reduction of cellular damage and some oxidant agents. We also observed an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, and an increase in NO bioavailability. In the heart, we noticed an increase in the activity of NOX and NOS, together with increased cell damage on day 8, followed by a reduction in protein damage on day 15. The present study concludes that the kidneys and heart undergo distinct processes of damage and repair at the analyzed times, since the heart is a secondary target of ischemic kidney injury. These results are important for a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in CRS.
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Baine S, Thomas J, Bonilla I, Ivanova M, Belevych A, Li J, Veeraraghavan R, Radwanski PB, Carnes C, Gyorke S. Muscarinic-dependent phosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor by protein kinase G is mediated by PI3K-AKT-nNOS signaling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11720-11728. [PMID: 32580946 PMCID: PMC7450129 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of proteins involved in calcium handling in myocytes, such as the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), critically regulate cardiac contractility. Recent studies have suggested that phosphorylation of RyR2 by protein kinase G (PKG) might contribute to the cardioprotective effects of cholinergic stimulation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Here, using murine ventricular myocytes, immunoblotting, proximity ligation as-says, and nitric oxide imaging, we report that phosphorylation of Ser-2808 in RyR2 induced by the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol is mediated by a signaling axis comprising phosphoinositide 3-phosphate kinase, Akt Ser/Thr kinase, nitric oxide synthase 1, nitric oxide, soluble guanylate cyclase, cyclic GMP (cGMP), and PKG. We found that this signaling pathway is compartmentalized in myocytes, as it was distinct from atrial natriuretic peptide receptor-cGMP-PKG-RyR2 Ser-2808 signaling and independent of muscarinic-induced phosphorylation of Ser-239 in vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein. These results provide detailed insights into muscarinic-induced PKG signaling and the mediators that regulate cardiac RyR2 phosphorylation critical for cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Baine
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin Thomas
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ingrid Bonilla
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marina Ivanova
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andriy Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiaoni Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Cynthia Carnes
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandor Gyorke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Luptak I, Croteau D, Valentine C, Qin F, Siwik DA, Remick DG, Colucci WS, Hobai IA. Myocardial Redox Hormesis Protects the Heart of Female Mice in Sepsis. Shock 2020; 52:52-60. [PMID: 30102640 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide develop cardiomyopathy in a sex and redox-dependent fashion. Here we extended these studies to the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model.We compared male and female FVB mice (wild type, WT) and transgenic littermates overexpressing myocardial catalase (CAT). CLP induced 100% mortality within 4 days, with similar mortality rates in male and female WT and CAT mice. 24 h after CLP, isolated (Langendorff) perfused hearts showed depressed contractility in WT male mice, but not in male CAT or female WT and CAT mice. In WT male mice, CLP induced a depression of cardiomyocyte sarcomere shortening (ΔSS) and calcium transients (ΔCai), and the inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA). These deficits were associated with overexpression of NADPH-dependent oxidase (NOX)-1, NOX-2, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and were partially prevented in male CAT mice. Female WT mice showed unchanged ΔSS, ΔCai, and SERCA function after CLP. At baseline, female WT mice showed partially depressed ΔSS, ΔCai, and SERCA function, as compared with male WT mice, which were associated with NOX-1 overexpression and were prevented in CAT female mice.In conclusion, in male WT mice, septic shock induces myocardial NOX-1, NOX-2, and COX-2, and redox-dependent dysregulation of myocardial Ca transporters. Female WT mice are resistant to CLP-induced cardiomyopathy, despite increased NOX-1 and COX-2 expression, suggesting increased antioxidant capacity. Female resistance occurred in association with NOX-1 overexpression and signs of increased oxidative signaling at baseline, indicating the presence of a protective myocardial redox hormesis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Luptak
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dominique Croteau
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine Valentine
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fuzhong Qin
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah A Siwik
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel G Remick
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wilson S Colucci
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ion A Hobai
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Allopurinol treatment adversely impacts left ventricular mass regression in patients with well-controlled hypertension. J Hypertens 2020; 37:2481-2489. [PMID: 31268872 PMCID: PMC6855336 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have demonstrated that high-dose allopurinol is able to regress left ventricular (LV) mass in cohorts with established cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether treatment with high-dose allopurinol would regress LV mass in a cohort with essential hypertension, LV hypertrophy and well-controlled blood pressure but without established cardiovascular disease. METHODS We conducted a mechanistic proof-of-concept randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of allopurinol (600 mg/day) versus placebo on LV mass regression. Duration of treatment was 12 months. LV mass regression was assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance. Secondary outcomes were changes in endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation), arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity) and biomarkers of oxidative stress. RESULTS Seventy-two patients were randomized into the trial. Mean baseline urate was 362.2 ± 96.7 μmol/l. Despite good blood pressure control, LV mass regression was significantly reduced in the allopurinol cohort compared with placebo (LV mass -0.37 ± 6.08 versus -3.75 ± 3.89 g; P = 0.012). Oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) were significantly higher in the allopurinol group versus placebo (0.26 ± 0.85 versus -0.34 ± 0.83 μmol/l; P = 0.007). Other markers of vascular function were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION Treatment with high-dose allopurinol in normouricemic controlled hypertensive patients and LV hypertrophy is detrimental. It results in reduced LV mass regression and increased oxidative stress over a 12-month period. This may be because of an adverse impact on redox balance. Cohort selection for future cardiovascular trials with allopurinol is crucial.
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Hu D, Dong R, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen Z, Tang Y, Fu M, Xu X, Tu L. Age‑related changes in mineralocorticoid receptors in rat hearts. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1859-1867. [PMID: 32582979 PMCID: PMC7411371 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related alterations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have been reported in the cardiovascular system; however, the detailed mechanism of the RAAS component mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) has not been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between MR and cardiac aging in rats, as well as the regulatory effects of oxidative stress and mitochondrial abnormalities in the aging process. MR expression in the hearts of male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 months (young rats) and 24 months (old rats) was evaluated in vivo. In addition, in vitro, H9C2 cells were treated with a specific MR antagonist, eplerenone, in order to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibition of myocyte aging process. The results demonstrated that MR expression was significantly higher in 24-month-old rat hearts compared with in 3-month-old rat hearts. These changes were accompanied by increased p53 expression, decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α expression, decreased mitochondrial renewal as assessed by electron microscopy, increased oxidative stress and decreased superoxide dismutase. In vitro, selective antagonism of MR partially blocked H2O2-induced myocardial aging as assessed by p16, p21 and p53 expression levels and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. These results indicated that increased MR expression may drive age-related cardiac dysfunction via mitochondrial damage, increased ROS accumulation and an imbalanced redox state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Hu
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, General Hospital of Puyang Oil Field, Puyang, Henan 457001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Menglu Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xizhen Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ling Tu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Methawasin M, Strom J, Borkowski T, Hourani Z, Runyan R, Smith JE, Granzier H. Phosphodiesterase 9a Inhibition in Mouse Models of Diastolic Dysfunction. Circ Heart Fail 2020; 13:e006609. [PMID: 32418479 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low myocardial cGMP-PKG (cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G) activity has been associated with increased cardiomyocyte diastolic stiffness in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate is mainly hydrolyzed by PDE (phosphodiesterases) 5a and 9a. Importantly, PDE9a expression has been reported to be upregulated in human heart failure with preserved ejection fraction myocardium and chronic administration of a PDE9a inhibitor reverses preestablished cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction in mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). We hypothesized that inhibiting PDE9a activity ameliorates diastolic dysfunction. METHODS To examine the effect of chronic PDE9a inhibition, 2 diastolic dysfunction mouse models were studied: (1) TAC-deoxycorticosterone acetate and (2) Leprdb/db. PDE9a inhibitor (5 and 8 mg/kg per day) was administered to the mice via subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps for 28 days. The effect of acute PDE9a inhibition was investigated in intact cardiomyocytes isolated from TAC-deoxycorticosterone acetate mice. Atrial natriuretic peptide together with PDE9a inhibitor were administered to the isolated intact cardiomyocytes through the cell perfusate. RESULTS For acute inhibition, no cellular stiffness reduction was found, whereas chronic PDE9a inhibition resulted in reduced left ventricular chamber stiffness in TAC-deoxycorticosterone acetate, but not in Leprdb/db mice. Passive cardiomyocyte stiffness was reduced by chronic PDE9a inhibition, with no differences in myocardial fibrosis or cardiac morphometry. PDE9a inhibition increased the ventricular-arterial coupling ratio, reflecting impaired systolic function. CONCLUSIONS Chronic PDE9a inhibition lowers left ventricular chamber stiffness in TAC-deoxycorticosterone acetate mice. However, the usefulness of PDE9a inhibition to treat high-diastolic stiffness may be limited as the required PDE9a inhibitor dose also impairs systolic function, observed as a decline in ventricular-arterial coordination, in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Methawasin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Joshua Strom
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Tomasz Borkowski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Zaynab Hourani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Ray Runyan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - John E Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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Seraphim PM, Leal EC, Moura J, Gonçalves P, Gonçalves JP, Carvalho E. Lack of lymphocytes impairs macrophage polarization and angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing. Life Sci 2020; 254:117813. [PMID: 32428597 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the effect of lymphocytes in wound healing and the underlying mechanisms, in diabetic and non-diabetic mice, using Balb/c recombination activating gene (Rag)-2 and interleukin 2 receptor gamma (IL-2Rγ) double knockout (KO) (RAG2-/- IL-2Rγ-/-) mice. MAIN METHODS Wound healing in vivo was performed in control and STZ-induced diabetic mice, in both KO and WT mice. Inflammation and ROS production were evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy analysis, antioxidant enzymes and angiogenesis were evaluated by quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy analysis, and wound closure kinetics evolution was evaluated by measurement of acetate tracing of the wound area. KEY FINDINGS Wound closure was significantly delayed in KO mice, where the M1/M2 macrophage ratio and basal ROS levels were significantly increased, while antioxidant defenses and angiogenesis were significantly decreased. Moreover, the expected increase in matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-9 protein levels in diabetic conditions was not observed in KO mice, suggesting that the mechanisms leading to the increase in MMP-9 observed in diabetic wounds may in part be lymphocyte-dependent. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicate that lack of lymphocytes compromises wound healing independent of diabetes. The lack of these cells, even in non-diabetic mice, mimics the phenotype observed in wounds under diabetic conditions. Moreover, the combination of diabetes and the lack of lymphocytes, further impair the wound healing conditions, indicating that when the innate regulatory function is lost in these KO mice, excessive M1 polarization, poor angiogenesis and impaired wound healing are worsen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Seraphim
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Physiotherapy, School of Sciences and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Campus Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Ermelindo C Leal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Moura
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Gonçalves
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1223, Paris, France
| | - Jenifer P Gonçalves
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Cell Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eugénia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; The Portuguese Diabetes Association (APDP), Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Disease: From Physiological Response to Injury Factor. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5732956. [PMID: 32509147 PMCID: PMC7244977 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5732956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical species containing oxygen, controlled by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems. In the heart, ROS play an important role in cell homeostasis, by modulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and excitation-contraction coupling. Oxidative stress occurs when ROS production exceeds the buffering capacity of the antioxidant defense systems, leading to cellular and molecular abnormalities, ultimately resulting in cardiac dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the physiological sources of ROS in the heart, the mechanisms of oxidative stress-related myocardial injury, and the implications of experimental studies and clinical trials with antioxidant therapies in cardiovascular diseases.
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Peixoto JVC, Santos ASR, Corso CR, da Silva FS, Capote A, Ribeiro CD, Abreu BJDGA, Acco A, Fogaça RH, Dias FAL. Thirty-day experimental diabetes impairs contractility and increases fatigue resistance in rat diaphragm muscle associated with increased anti-oxidative activity. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:490-497. [PMID: 32243773 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that can generate tissue damage through several pathways. Alteration and dysfunction of skeletal muscle are reported including respiratory muscles, which may compromise respiratory parameters in diabetic patients. We have aimed to evaluate the diaphragm muscle contractility, tissue remodeling, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters from 30 day streptozotocin-treated rats. The diaphragm contractility was assessed using isolated muscle, tissue remodeling using histology and zymography techniques, and tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters by enzyme activity assay. Our data revealed in the diabetes mellitus group an increase in maximum tetanic force (4.82 ± 0.13 versus 4.24 ± 0.18 N/cm2 (p = 0.015)) and fatigue resistance (139.16 ± 10.78 versus 62.25 ± 4.45 s (p < 0.001)), reduction of 35.4% in muscle trophism (p < 0.001), increase of 32.6% of collagen deposition (p = 0.007), reduction of 21.3% in N-acetylglucosaminidase activity (p < 0.001), and increase of 246.7% of catalase activity (p = 0.002) without changes in reactive oxygen species (p = 0.518) and tissue lipid peroxidation (p = 0.664). All observed changes are attributed to the poor glycemic control (471.20 ± 16.91 versus 80.00 ± 3.42 mg/dL (p < 0.001)), which caused defective tissue regeneration and increased catalase activity as a compensatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Capelli Peixoto
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Antônio Sérgio Rocha Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Flavio Santos da Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Av. Francisco Mota 572, Pres. Costa e Silva, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Andrielle Capote
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cibele Dias Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Bento João da Graça Azevedo Abreu
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Candelária, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59064-741, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Rosalvo Hochmueller Fogaça
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Fernando Augusto Lavezzo Dias
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
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