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Tabe S, Hikiji H, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Shindou H, Shimizu T, Tominaga K. The role of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 in osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 cells. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 39075841 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids, a primary component of cellular membranes, play important structural and functional roles in cells. In the remodelling pathway (Lands' cycle), the concerted actions of phospholipase As and lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs) contribute to the incorporation of diverse fatty acids in glycerophospholipids in an asymmetric manner, which differ between cell types. In this study, the role of LPLATs in osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 cells was investigated. Gene and protein expression levels of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2), one of the LPLATs, increased during osteoblastic differentiation in C2C12 cells. LPCAT2 knockdown in C2C12 cells downregulated the expression of osteoblastic differentiation markers and the number and size of lipid droplets (LDs) and suppressed the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/9. In addition, LPCAT2 knockdown inhibited Snail1 and the downstream target of Runx2 and vitamin D receptor (VDR). These results suggest that LPCAT2 modulates osteoblastic differentiation in C2C12 cells through the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/Smad signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirou Tabe
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Science of Physical Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu-shi, Japan
| | - Hisako Hikiji
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu-shi, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hashidate-Yoshida
- Department of Lipid Life Science, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Life Science, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
- Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), AMED, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Life Science, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tominaga
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Science of Physical Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu-shi, Japan
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Mitri C, Philippart F, Sacco E, Legriel S, Rousselet N, Dupuis G, Colsch B, Corvol H, Touqui L, Tabary O. Multicentric investigations of the role in the disease severity of accelerated phospholipid changes in COVID-19 patient airway. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105354. [PMID: 38754811 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The changes in host membrane phospholipids are crucial in airway infection pathogenesis. Phospholipase A2 hydrolyzes host cell membranes, producing lyso-phospholipids and free fatty acids, including arachidonic acid (AA), which contributes significantly to lung inflammation. AIM Follow these changes and their evolution from day 1, day 3 to day 7 in airway aspirates of 89 patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and examine whether they correlate with the severity of the disease. The patients were recruited in three French intensive care units. The analysis was conducted from admission to the intensive care unit until the end of the first week of mechanical ventilation. RESULTS In the airway aspirates, we found significant increases in the levels of host cell phospholipids, including phosphatidyl-serine and phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, and their corresponding lyso-phospholipids. This was accompanied by increased levels of AA and its inflammatory metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Additionally, enhanced levels of ceramides, sphingomyelin, and free cholesterol were observed in these aspirates. These lipids are known to be involved in cell death and/or apoptosis, whereas free cholesterol plays a role in virus entry and replication in host cells. However, there were no significant changes in the levels of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine, the major surfactant phospholipid. A correlation analysis revealed an association between mortality risk and levels of AA and PGE2, as well as host cell phospholipids. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a correlation between heightened cellular phospholipid modifications and variations in AA and PGE2 with the severity of the disease in patients. Nevertheless, there is no indication of surfactant alteration in the initial phases of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Mitri
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012, Paris, France
| | - François Philippart
- Endotoxins, Structures and Host Response, Department of Microbiology, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, UMR 9891 CNRS-CEA-Paris Saclay University, 98190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Sacco
- Department of Clinical Research. Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Legriel
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Nathalie Rousselet
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012, Paris, France
| | - Gabrielle Dupuis
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Colsch
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), MetaboHUB, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Trousseau, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012, Paris, France; Inserm, Institut Pasteur, Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Département Santé Globale, Paris, France.
| | - Olivier Tabary
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012, Paris, France.
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Zubeldia-Varela E, Blanco-Pérez F, Barker-Tejeda TC, Rojo D, Villaseñor A, Islam J, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Laiño J, Krause M, Steigerwald H, Martella M, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Yu P, Barbas C, Vieths S, Nochi T, Barber D, Toda M, Pérez-Gordo M. The impact of high-IgE levels on metabolome and microbiome in experimental allergic enteritis. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38932655 DOI: 10.1111/all.16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathological mechanism of the gastrointestinal forms of food allergies is less understood in comparison to other clinical phenotypes, such as asthma and anaphylaxis Importantly, high-IgE levels are a poor prognostic factor in gastrointestinal allergies. METHODS This study investigated how high-IgE levels influence the development of intestinal inflammation and the metabolome in allergic enteritis (AE), using IgE knock-in (IgEki) mice expressing high levels of IgE. In addition, correlation of the altered metabolome with gut microbiome was analysed. RESULTS Ovalbumin-sensitized and egg-white diet-fed (OVA/EW) BALB/c WT mice developed moderate AE, whereas OVA/EW IgEki mice induced more aggravated intestinal inflammation with enhanced eosinophil accumulation. Untargeted metabolomics detected the increased levels of N-tau-methylhistamine and 2,3-butanediol, and reduced levels of butyric acid in faeces and/or sera of OVA/EW IgEki mice, which was accompanied with reduced Clostridium and increased Lactobacillus at the genus level. Non-sensitized and egg-white diet-fed (NC/EW) WT mice did not exhibit any signs of AE, whereas NC/EW IgEki mice developed marginal degrees of AE. Compared to NC/EW WT mice, enhanced levels of lysophospholipids, sphinganine and sphingosine were detected in serum and faecal samples of NC/EW IgEki mice. In addition, several associations of altered metabolome with gut microbiome-for example Akkermansia with lysophosphatidylserine-were detected. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that high-IgE levels alter intestinal and systemic levels of endogenous and microbiota-associated metabolites in experimental AE. This study contributes to deepening the knowledge of molecular mechanisms for the development of AE and provides clues to advance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Zubeldia-Varela
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank Blanco-Pérez
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Tomás Clive Barker-Tejeda
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rojo
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma Villaseñor
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jahidul Islam
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) 'Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Laiño
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Maren Krause
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Hanna Steigerwald
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Manuela Martella
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) 'Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Yu
- Institute for Immunology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Domingo Barber
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Masako Toda
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Marina Pérez-Gordo
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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De Luca D, Arroyo R, Foligno S, Autilio C, Touqui L, Kingma PS. Early life surfactant protein-D levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of extremely preterm neonates. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L411-L418. [PMID: 37489844 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00079.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein-D (SP-D) is a hydrophilic protein with multiple crucial anti-inflammatory and immunological functions. It might play a role in the development and course of pulmonary infections, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and other respiratory disorders. Only few small neonatal studies have investigated SP-D: we aimed to investigate the links between this protein, measured in the first hours of life in extremely preterm neonates, and clinical outcomes, as well its relationship with pulmonary secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were obtained within the first 3 h of life. SP-D and sPLA2 were measured with ELISA and radioactive method, respectively; epithelial lining fluid concentrations were estimated with urea ratio. Clinical data were prospectively collected. One hundred extremely preterm neonates were nonconsecutively studied. SP-D was significantly raised with increasing gestational age (24-26 wk: 68 [0-1,694], 27 or 28 wk: 286 [0-1,328], 29 or 30 wk: 1,401 [405-2,429] ng/mL, overall P = 0.03). SP-D was significantly higher in cases with clinical chorioamnionitis with fetal involvement (1,138 [68-3,336]) than in those without clinical chorioamnionitis with fetal involvement (0 [0-900] ng/mL, P < 0.001). SP-D was lower in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (251 [0-1,550 ng/mL]) compared with those without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or who died before its diagnosis (977 [124-5,534 ng/mL], P = 0.05) and this was also significant upon multivariate analysis [odds ration (OR): 0.997 (0.994-0.999), P = 0.024], particularly in neonates between 27- and 28-wk gestation. SP-D significantly correlated with the duration of hospital stay (ρ = -0.283, P = 0.002), invasive ventilation (ρ = -0.544, P = 0.001), and total sPLA2 activity (ρ = 0.528, P = 0.008). These findings help understanding the role of SP-D early in life and support further investigation about the role of SP-D in developing BPD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Surfactant protein-D increases with gestational age and is inversely associated with BPD development. These results have been obtained in the first hours of life of extremely preterm neonates with optimal perinatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, "Antoine Béclère" Medical Centre, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, Paris, France
- Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-INSERM U999, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Raquel Arroyo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Silvia Foligno
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, "Antoine Béclère" Medical Centre, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Research Institut-Hospital "12 de Octubre," Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies chroniques, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Paul S Kingma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Cincinnati Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Center, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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5
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Dushianthan A, Grocott MPW, Murugan GS, Wilkinson TMA, Postle AD. Pulmonary Surfactant in Adult ARDS: Current Perspectives and Future Directions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2964. [PMID: 37761330 PMCID: PMC10528901 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13182964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major cause of hypoxemic respiratory failure in adults, leading to the requirement for mechanical ventilation and poorer outcomes. Dysregulated surfactant metabolism and function are characteristic of ARDS. A combination of alveolar epithelial damage leading to altered surfactant synthesis, secretion, and breakdown with increased functional inhibition from overt alveolar inflammation contributes to the clinical features of poor alveolar compliance and alveolar collapse. Quantitative and qualitative alterations in the bronchoalveolar lavage and tracheal aspirate surfactant composition contribute to ARDS pathogenesis. Compared to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (nRDS), replacement studies of exogenous surfactants in adult ARDS suggest no survival benefit. However, these studies are limited by disease heterogeneity, variations in surfactant preparations, doses, and delivery methods. More importantly, the lack of mechanistic understanding of the exact reasons for dysregulated surfactant remains a significant issue. Moreover, studies suggest an extremely short half-life of replaced surfactant, implying increased catabolism. Refining surfactant preparations and delivery methods with additional co-interventions to counteract surfactant inhibition and degradation has the potential to enhance the biophysical characteristics of surfactant in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahilanandan Dushianthan
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health System Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.P.W.G.); (T.M.A.W.); (A.D.P.)
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Michael P. W. Grocott
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health System Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.P.W.G.); (T.M.A.W.); (A.D.P.)
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Tom M. A. Wilkinson
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health System Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.P.W.G.); (T.M.A.W.); (A.D.P.)
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Anthony D. Postle
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health System Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.P.W.G.); (T.M.A.W.); (A.D.P.)
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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6
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Chang Y, Yoo HJ, Kim SJ, Lee K, Lim CM, Hong SB, Koh Y, Huh JW. A targeted metabolomics approach for sepsis-induced ARDS and its subphenotypes. Crit Care 2023; 27:263. [PMID: 37408042 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is etiologically and clinically a heterogeneous disease. Its diagnostic characteristics and subtype classification, and the application of these features to treatment, have been of considerable interest. Metabolomics is becoming important for identifying ARDS biology and distinguishing its subtypes. This study aimed to identify metabolites that could distinguish sepsis-induced ARDS patients from non-ARDS controls, using a targeted metabolomics approach, and to identify whether sepsis-induced direct and sepsis-induced indirect ARDS are metabolically distinct groups, and if so, confirm their metabolites and associated pathways. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 54 samples of ARDS patients from a sepsis registry that was prospectively collected from March 2011 to February 2018, along with 30 non-ARDS controls. The cohort was divided into direct and indirect ARDS. Metabolite concentrations of five analyte classes (energy metabolism, free fatty acids, amino acids, phospholipids, sphingolipids) were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry by targeted metabolomics. RESULTS In total, 186 metabolites were detected. Among them, 102 metabolites could differentiate sepsis-induced ARDS patients from the non-ARDS controls, while 14 metabolites could discriminate sepsis-induced ARDS subphenotypes. Using partial least-squares discriminant analysis, we showed that sepsis-induced ARDS patients were metabolically distinct from the non-ARDS controls. The main distinguishing metabolites were lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lysoPE) plasmalogen, PE plasmalogens, and phosphatidylcholines (PCs). Sepsis-induced direct and indirect ARDS were also metabolically distinct subgroups, with differences in lysoPCs. Glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism were the most significant metabolic pathways involved in sepsis-induced ARDS biology and in sepsis-induced direct/indirect ARDS, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a marked difference in metabolic patterns between sepsis-induced ARDS patients and non-ARDS controls, and between sepsis-induced direct and indirect ARDS subpheonotypes. The identified metabolites and pathways can provide clues relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangha Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Man Lim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Younsuck Koh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Huh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Wu Y, Pernet E, Touqui L. Modulation of Airway Expression of the Host Bactericidal Enzyme, sPLA2-IIA, by Bacterial Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:440. [PMID: 37505708 PMCID: PMC10467128 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Host molecules with antimicrobial properties belong to a large family of mediators including type-IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA). The latter is a potent bactericidal agent with high selectivity against Gram-positive bacteria, but it may also play a role in modulating the host inflammatory response. However, several pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or toxins produced by pathogenic bacteria can modulate the levels of sPLA2-IIA by either inducing or inhibiting its expression in host cells. Thus, the final sPLA2-IIA concentration during the infection process is determined by the orchestration between the levels of toxins that stimulate and those that downregulate the expression of this enzyme. The stimulation of sPLA2-IIA expression is a process that participates in the clearance of invading bacteria, while inhibition of this expression highlights a mechanism by which certain bacteria can subvert the immune response and invade the host. Here, we will review the major functions of sPLA2-IIA in the airways and the role of bacterial toxins in modulating the expression of this enzyme. We will also summarize the major mechanisms involved in this modulation and the potential consequences for the pulmonary host response to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Wu
- Unité de Biologie Cellulaire de l’Infection Microbionne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Erwan Pernet
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, 75015 Paris, France
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8
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Ding X, Qin J, Huang F, Feng F, Luo L. The combination of machine learning and untargeted metabolomics identifies the lipid metabolism -related gene CH25H as a potential biomarker in asthma. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1099-1119. [PMID: 37081162 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids, significant signaling molecules, regulate a multitude of cellular responses and biological pathways in asthma which are closely associated with disease onset and progression. However, the characteristic lipid genes and metabolites in asthma remain to be explored. It is also necessary to further investigate the role of lipid molecules in asthma based on high-throughput data. OBJECTIVE To explore the biomarkers and molecular mechanisms associated with lipid metabolism in asthma. METHODS In this study, we selected three mouse-derived datasets and one human dataset (GSE41665, GSE41667, GSE3184 and GSE67472) from the GEO database. Five machine learning algorithms, LASSO, SVM-RFE, Boruta, XGBoost and RF, were used to identify core gene. Additionally, we used non-negative matrix breakdown (NMF) clustering to identify two lipid molecular subgroups and constructed a lipid metabolism score by principal component analysis (PCA) to differentiate the subtypes. Finally, Western blot confirmed the altered expression levels of core genes in OVA (ovalbumin) and HDM+LPS (house dust mite+lipopolysaccharide) stimulated and challenged BALB/c mice, respectively. Results of non-targeted metabolomics revealed multiple differentially expressed metabolites in the plasma of OVA-induced asthmatic mice. RESULTS Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) was finally localized as a core lipid metabolism gene in asthma and was verified to be highly expressed in two mouse models of asthma. Five-gene lipid metabolism constructed from CYP2E1, CH25H, PTGES, ALOX15 and ME1 was able to distinguish the subtypes effectively. The results of non-targeted metabolomics showed that most of the aberrantly expressed metabolites in the plasma of asthmatic mice were lipids, such as LPC 16:0, LPC 18:1 and LPA 18:1. CONCLUSION Our findings imply that the lipid-related gene CH25H may be a useful biomarker in the diagnosis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexuan Ding
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingtong Qin
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuhai Feng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Cao C, Zhang L, Shen J. Phosgene-Induced acute lung injury: Approaches for mechanism-based treatment strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917395. [PMID: 35983054 PMCID: PMC9378823 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosgene (COCl2) gas is a chemical intermediate of high-volume production with numerous industrial applications worldwide. Due to its high toxicity, accidental exposure to phosgene leads to various chemical injuries, primarily resulting in chemical-induced lung injury due to inhalation. Initially, the illness is mild and presents as coughing, chest tightness, and wheezing; however, within a few hours, symptoms progress to chronic respiratory depression, refractory pulmonary edema, dyspnea, and hypoxemia, which may contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome or even death in severe cases. Despite rapid advances in medicine, effective treatments for phosgene-inhaled poisoning are lacking. Elucidating the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of acute inhalation toxicity caused by phosgene is necessary for the development of appropriate therapeutics. In this review, we discuss extant literature on relevant mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to highlight novel ideas for the treatment of phosgene-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cao
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Training Center of Acute Poisoning Treatment Technology of Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Training Center of Acute Poisoning Treatment Technology of Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Shen,
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10
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De Luca D, Alonso A, Autilio C. Bile acids-induced lung injury: update of reverse translational biology. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L93-L106. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00523.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of bile acids in lung tissue is associated with some clinical features observed in various medical specialties, but it took time to understand that these are due to a "bile acid-induced lung injury" since specific translational studies and cross-disciplinary awareness were lacking. We used a reverse translational approach to update and summarize the current knowledge about the mechanisms of bile acid-induced lung injury. This has been done in a cross-disciplinary fashion since these conditions may occur in patients of various age and in different medical fields. We here define these clinical conditions, then we review the physiopathology of these conditions and the animal models used to mimic them and, finally, their pathobiology. Mechanisms of bile acid-induced lung injury have been partially clarified overtime and are represented by: 1) the interaction with secretory phospholipase A2 pathway, 2) the effect on surfactant function and structure, 3) the biological effects on inflammation and local immunity, 4) the direct cellular toxicity. These mechanisms are schematically illustrated and histological comparisons between ARDS induced by bile acids and other triggers are also provided. Based on these mechanisms we propose possible direct therapeutic applications and, finally, we discuss further research steps to improve the understanding of processes that generate pathological clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Paris Saclay University Hospital, Clamart, Paris, France
- Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-INSERM U999, Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Alejandro Alonso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research, Institut-Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research, Institut-Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Kocherlakota C, Nagaraju B, Arjun N, Srinath A, Kothapalli KSD, Brenna JT. Inhalation of nebulized omega-3 fatty acids mitigate LPS-induced acute lung inflammation in rats: Implications for treatment of COPD and COVID-19. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 179:102426. [PMID: 35381532 PMCID: PMC8964507 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many current treatment options for lung inflammation and thrombosis come with unwanted side effects. The natural omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) are generally anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic. O3FA are always administered orally and occasionally by intravenous (IV) infusion. The main goal of this study is to determine if O3FA administered by inhalation of a nebulized formulation mitigates LPS-induced acute lung inflammation in male Wistar rats. Inflammation was triggered by intraperitoneal injection of LPS once a day for 14 days. One hour post-injection, rats received nebulized treatments consisting of egg lecithin emulsified O3, Budesonide and Montelukast, and blends of O3 and Melatonin or Montelukast or Cannabidiol; O3 was in the form of free fatty acids for all groups except one group with ethyl esters. Lung histology and cytokines were determined in n = 3 rats per group at day 8 and day 15. All groups had alveolar histiocytosis severity scores half or less than that of the disease control (Cd) treated with LPS and saline only inhalation. IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 were attenuated in all O3FA groups. IL-1β was attenuated in most but not all O3 groups. O3 administered as ethyl ester was overall most effective in mitigating LPS effects. No evidence of lipid pneumonia or other chronic distress was observed. These preclinical data suggest that O3FA formulations should be further investigated as treatments in lung inflammation and thrombosis related lung disorders, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and acute respiratory distress such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Banda Nagaraju
- Leiutis Pharmaceuticals LLP, Plot No. 23, TIE 1st Phase, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Narala Arjun
- Leiutis Pharmaceuticals LLP, Plot No. 23, TIE 1st Phase, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Akula Srinath
- Leiutis Pharmaceuticals LLP, Plot No. 23, TIE 1st Phase, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Kumar S D Kothapalli
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, United States.
| | - J Thomas Brenna
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, United States.
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12
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Wong BH, Mei D, Chua GL, Galam DL, Wenk MR, Torta F, Silver DL. The lipid transporter Mfsd2a maintains pulmonary surfactant homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101709. [PMID: 35150739 PMCID: PMC8914330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a lipoprotein complex essential for lung function, and insufficiency or altered surfactant composition is associated with major lung diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndromes, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary surfactant is primarily composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in complex with specialized surfactant proteins and secreted by alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells. Surfactant homeostasis on the alveolar surface is balanced by the rates of synthesis and secretion with reuptake and recycling by AT2 cells, with some degradation by pulmonary macrophages and loss up the bronchial tree. However, whether phospholipid (PL) transporters exist in AT2 cells to mediate reuptake of surfactant PL remains to be identified. Here, we demonstrate that major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2a (Mfsd2a), a sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) transporter, is expressed at the apical surface of AT2 cells. A mouse model with inducible AT2 cell–specific deficiency of Mfsd2a exhibited AT2 cell hypertrophy with reduced total surfactant PL levels because of reductions in the most abundant surfactants, PC containing dipalmitic acid, and PC species containing the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid. These changes in surfactant levels and composition were mirrored by similar changes in the AT2 cell lipidome. Mechanistically, direct tracheal instillation of fluorescent LPC and PC probes indicated that Mfsd2a mediates the uptake of LPC generated by pulmonary phospholipase activity in the alveolar space. These studies reveal that Mfsd2a-mediated LPC uptake is quantitatively important in maintaining surfactant homeostasis and identify this lipid transporter as a physiological component of surfactant recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice H Wong
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ding Mei
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Geok Lin Chua
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dwight L Galam
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David L Silver
- Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Yang Z, Han R, Yin H, Li J, Cao Y, Guo R, Sheng Y, Song L, Zhang Y. Mechanism of Lycopodii herba for RA-ILD using integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology. Anal Biochem 2022; 648:114679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Pioselli B, Salomone F, Mazzola G, Amidani D, Sgarbi E, Amadei F, Murgia X, Catinella S, Villetti G, De Luca D, Carnielli V, Civelli M. Pulmonary surfactant: a unique biomaterial with life-saving therapeutic applications. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:526-590. [PMID: 34525915 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210825110421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a complex lipoprotein mixture secreted into the alveolar lumen by type 2 pneumocytes, which is composed by tens of different lipids (approximately 90% of its entire mass) and surfactant proteins (approximately 10% of the mass). It is crucially involved in maintaining lung homeostasis by reducing the values of alveolar liquid surface tension close to zero at end-expiration, thereby avoiding the alveolar collapse, and assembling a chemical and physical barrier against inhaled pathogens. A deficient amount of surfactant or its functional inactivation is directly linked to a wide range of lung pathologies, including the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. This paper reviews the main biophysical concepts of surfactant activity and its inactivation mechanisms, and describes the past, present and future roles of surfactant replacement therapy, focusing on the exogenous surfactant preparations marketed worldwide and new formulations under development. The closing section describes the pulmonary surfactant in the context of drug delivery. Thanks to its peculiar composition, biocompatibility, and alveolar spreading capability, the surfactant may work not only as a shuttle to the branched anatomy of the lung for other drugs but also as a modulator for their release, opening to innovative therapeutic avenues for the treatment of several respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Sgarbi
- Preclinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma. Italy
| | | | - Xabi Murgia
- Department of Biotechnology, GAIKER Technology Centre, Zamudio. Spain
| | | | | | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Antoine Béclère Medical Center, APHP, South Paris University Hospitals, Paris, France; Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-U999, South Paris-Saclay University, Paris. France
| | - Virgilio Carnielli
- Division of Neonatology, G Salesi Women and Children's Hospital, Polytechnical University of Marche, Ancona. Italy
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15
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De Luca D, Autilio C. Strategies to protect surfactant and enhance its activity. Biomed J 2021; 44:654-662. [PMID: 34365021 PMCID: PMC8847817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge about surfactant biology is now deeper and recent research has allowed to clarify its role in several human lung disorders. The balance between surfactant production and consumption is better known and the same applies to their regulatory mechanisms. This has allowed to hypothesize and investigate several new and original strategies to protect surfactant and enhance its activity. These interventions are potentially useful for several disorders and particularly for acute respiratory distress syndrome. We here highlight the mechanisms regulating surfactant consumption, encompassing surfactant catabolism but also surfactant injury due to other mechanisms, in a physiopathology-driven fashion. We then analyze each corresponding strategy to protect surfactant and enhance its activity. Some of these strategies are more advanced in terms of research & development pathway, some others are still investigational, but all are promising and deserve a joint effort from clinical-academic researchers and the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Division of Paediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, "A.Béclère" Medical Centre, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, Paris, France; Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-INSERM U999, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France.
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Dpt. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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16
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De Luca D, Touqui L. The International Week of Surfactant Research: increasing knowledge about surfactant and unexploited opportunities. Biomed J 2021; 44:651-653. [PMID: 34314899 PMCID: PMC8847801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, "A.Béclère" Medical Centre, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP Paris - France; Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-INSERM U999, Paris Saclay University Paris - France.
| | - Lhoussaine Touqui
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Paris - France; Mucoviscidose and Bronchopathies Chroniques", Pasteur Institute Paris - France
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17
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Lunding LP, Krause D, Stichtenoth G, Stamme C, Lauterbach N, Hegermann J, Ochs M, Schuster B, Sedlacek R, Saftig P, Schwudke D, Wegmann M, Damme M. LAMP3 deficiency affects surfactant homeostasis in mice. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009619. [PMID: 34161347 PMCID: PMC8259984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 3 (LAMP3) is a type I transmembrane protein of the LAMP protein family with a cell-type-specific expression in alveolar type II cells in mice and hitherto unknown function. In type II pneumocytes, LAMP3 is localized in lamellar bodies, secretory organelles releasing pulmonary surfactant into the extracellular space to lower surface tension at the air/liquid interface. The physiological function of LAMP3, however, remains enigmatic. We generated Lamp3 knockout mice by CRISPR/Cas9. LAMP3 deficient mice are viable with an average life span and display regular lung function under basal conditions. The levels of a major hydrophobic protein component of pulmonary surfactant, SP-C, are strongly increased in the lung of Lamp3 knockout mice, and the lipid composition of the bronchoalveolar lavage shows mild but significant changes, resulting in alterations in surfactant functionality. In ovalbumin-induced experimental allergic asthma, the changes in lipid composition are aggravated, and LAMP3-deficient mice exert an increased airway resistance. Our data suggest a critical role of LAMP3 in the regulation of pulmonary surfactant homeostasis and normal lung function. LAMP3 is a protein of unknown molecular function with highest expression in alveolar type II cells. In alveolar type II cells, LAMP3 localizes to lamellar bodies, specific lysosome-related organelles that play an important role in secreting pulmonary surfactant, a mixture of hydrophobic proteins and lipids lowering the surface tension between the gas and the liquid phase of the lung in order to prevent alveoli from collapsing. To decipher the physiological function of LAMP3, we generated Lamp3 knockout mice, which are viable and show no apparent phenotype. Under basal conditions, both the protein and lipid composition of pulmonary surfactant are altered, but do not affect the physiological function of the lung. However, under diseased conditions of experimental allergic asthma, changes in the lipid composition are aggravated and are associated with an impaired lung function, suggesting an important role of LAMP3 in the homeostasis of pulmonary surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars P. Lunding
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Division of Asthma Exacerbation & Regulation, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Daniel Krause
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Cordula Stamme
- Division of Cellular Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Niklas Lauterbach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Schuster
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dominik Schwudke
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), TTU Tuberculosis, Borstel, Germany
| | - Michael Wegmann
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Division of Asthma Exacerbation & Regulation, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- * E-mail: (MW); (MD)
| | - Markus Damme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- * E-mail: (MW); (MD)
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18
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Archambault AS, Zaid Y, Rakotoarivelo V, Turcotte C, Doré É, Dubuc I, Martin C, Flamand O, Amar Y, Cheikh A, Fares H, El Hassani A, Tijani Y, Côté A, Laviolette M, Boilard É, Flamand L, Flamand N. High levels of eicosanoids and docosanoids in the lungs of intubated COVID-19 patients. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21666. [PMID: 34033145 PMCID: PMC8206770 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100540r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While COVID-19 is often benign, a subset of patients develops severe multilobar pneumonia that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. There is no cure for severe COVID-19 and few treatments significantly improved clinical outcome. Dexamethasone and possibly aspirin, which directly/indirectly target the biosynthesis/effects of numerous lipid mediators are among those options. Our objective was to define if severe COVID-19 patients were characterized by increased bioactive lipids modulating lung inflammation. A targeted lipidomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) by tandem mass spectrometry was done on 25 healthy controls and 33 COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation. BALs from severe COVID-19 patients were characterized by increased fatty acids and inflammatory lipid mediators. There was a predominance of thromboxane and prostaglandins. Leukotrienes were also increased, notably LTB4 , LTE4 , and eoxin E4 . Monohydroxylated 15-lipoxygenase metabolites derived from linoleate, arachidonate, eicosapentaenoate, and docosahexaenoate were also increased. Finally yet importantly, specialized pro-resolving mediators, notably lipoxin A4 and the D-series resolvins, were also increased, underscoring that the lipid mediator storm occurring in severe COVID-19 involves pro- and anti-inflammatory lipids. Our data unmask the lipid mediator storm occurring in the lungs of patients afflicted with severe COVID-19. We discuss which clinically available drugs could be helpful at modulating the lipidome we observed in the hope of minimizing the deleterious effects of pro-inflammatory lipids and enhancing the effects of anti-inflammatory and/or pro-resolving lipid mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Archambault
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Younes Zaid
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Volatiana Rakotoarivelo
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Turcotte
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Étienne Doré
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Arthrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Dubuc
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Cyril Martin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Flamand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Youssef Amar
- Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine Cheikh
- Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hakima Fares
- Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine El Hassani
- Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Youssef Tijani
- Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Andréanne Côté
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Laviolette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Éric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Arthrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Flamand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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19
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Non-coding RNAs and lipids mediate the function of extracellular vesicles in cancer cross-talk. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 74:121-133. [PMID: 34033894 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been expanded, especially in the field of cancer. The cargoes in EVs, especially those in small EVs such as exosomes include microRNAs (miRNAs), mRNA, proteins, and lipids, are assumed to work cooperatively in the tumor microenvironment. In 2007, it was reported that miRNAs were abundant among the non-coding RNAs present in exosomes. Since then, many studies have investigated the functions of miRNAs and have tried to apply these molecules to aid in the diagnosis of cancer. Accordingly, many reviews of non-coding RNAs in EVs have been published for miRNAs. This review focuses on relatively new cargoes, covering long noncoding (lnc) RNAs, circular RNAs, and repeat RNAs, among non-coding RNAs. These RNAs, regardless of EV or cell type, have newly emerged due to the innovation of sequencing technology. The poor conservation, low quantity, and technical difficulty in detecting these RNA types have made it difficult to elucidate their functions and expression patterns. We herein summarize a limited number of studies. Although lipids are major components of EVs, current research on EVs focuses on miRNA and protein biology, while the roles of lipids in exosomes have not drawn attention. However, several recent studies revealed that phospholipids, which are components of the EV membrane, play important roles in the intercommunication between cells and in the generation of lipid mediators. Here, we review the reported roles of these molecules, and describe their potential in cancer biology.
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20
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Song MH, Gupta A, Kim HO, Oh K. Lysophosphatidylcholine aggravates contact hypersensitivity by promoting neutrophil infiltration and IL17 expression. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33172544 PMCID: PMC8093940 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.4.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Song
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Anupriya Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07441, Korea
| | - Kwonik Oh
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Institute of Medical Science, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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21
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De Luca D, Cogo P, Kneyber MC, Biban P, Semple MG, Perez-Gil J, Conti G, Tissieres P, Rimensberger PC. Surfactant therapies for pediatric and neonatal ARDS: ESPNIC expert consensus opinion for future research steps. Crit Care 2021; 25:75. [PMID: 33618742 PMCID: PMC7898495 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric (PARDS) and neonatal (NARDS) acute respiratory distress syndrome have different age-specific characteristics and definitions. Trials on surfactant for ARDS in children and neonates have been performed well before the PARDS and NARDS definitions and yielded conflicting results. This is mainly due to heterogeneity in study design reflecting historic lack of pathobiology knowledge. We reviewed the available clinical and preclinical data to create an expert consensus aiming to inform future research steps and advance the knowledge in this area. Eight trials investigated the use of surfactant for ARDS in children and ten in neonates, respectively. There were improvements in oxygenation (7/8 trials in children, 7/10 in neonates) and mortality (3/8 trials in children, 1/10 in neonates) improved. Trials were heterogeneous for patients' characteristics, surfactant type and administration strategy. Key pathobiological concepts were missed in study design. Consensus with strong agreement was reached on four statements: 1. There are sufficient preclinical and clinical data to support targeted research on surfactant therapies for PARDS and NARDS. Studies should be performed according to the currently available definitions and considering recent pathobiology knowledge. 2. PARDS and NARDS should be considered as syndromes and should be pre-clinically studied according to key characteristics, such as direct or indirect (primary or secondary) nature, clinical severity, infectious or non-infectious origin or patients' age. 3. Explanatory should be preferred over pragmatic design for future trials on PARDS and NARDS. 4. Different clinical outcomes need to be chosen for PARDS and NARDS, according to the trial phase and design, trigger type, severity class and/or surfactant treatment policy. We advocate for further well-designed preclinical and clinical studies to investigate the use of surfactant for PARDS and NARDS following these principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, "A.Béclère" Medical Centre, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 157 Rue de la Porte de Trivaux, 92140, Clamart (Paris-IDF), France.
- Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-INSERM U999, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France.
| | - Paola Cogo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Martin C Kneyber
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Critical Care, Anesthesiology, Peri-Operative and Emergency Medicine (CAPE), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Biban
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Critical Care, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Malcolm Grace Semple
- Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giorgio Conti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierre Tissieres
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Neonatal Medicine, "Kremlin-Bicetre" Medical Center, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, Paris, France
- Integrative Cellular Biology Institute-UMR 9198, Host-Pathogen Interactions Team, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Peter C Rimensberger
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Ellis SR, Hall E, Panchal M, Flinders B, Madsen J, Koster G, Heeren RMA, Clark HW, Postle AD. Mass spectrometry imaging of phosphatidylcholine metabolism in lungs administered with therapeutic surfactants and isotopic tracers. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100023. [PMID: 33453219 PMCID: PMC7961103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) visualizes molecular distributions throughout tissues but is blind to dynamic metabolic processes. Here, MSI with high mass resolution together with multiple stable isotope labeling provided spatial analyses of phosphatidylcholine (PC) metabolism in mouse lungs. Dysregulated surfactant metabolism is central to many respiratory diseases. Metabolism and turnover of therapeutic pulmonary surfactants were imaged from distributions of intact and metabolic products of an added tracer, universally 13C-labeled dipalmitoyl PC (U13C-DPPC). The parenchymal distributions of newly synthesized PC species were also imaged from incorporations of methyl-D9-choline. This dual labeling strategy demonstrated both lack of inhibition of endogenous PC synthesis by exogenous surfactant and location of acyl chain remodeling processes acting on the U13C-DPPC-labeled surfactant, leading to formation of polyunsaturated PC lipids. This ability to visualize discrete metabolic events will greatly enhance our understanding of lipid metabolism in diverse tissues and has potential application to both clinical and experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane R Ellis
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Emily Hall
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Madhuriben Panchal
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Bryn Flinders
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Madsen
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grielof Koster
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Howard W Clark
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D Postle
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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23
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Foligno S, Loi B, Pezza L, Piastra M, Autilio C, De Luca D. Extrapulmonary Surfactant Therapy: Review of Available Data and Research/Development Issues. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60:1561-1572. [PMID: 32578234 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of surfactant, a large amount of knowledge has been accumulated about its biology and pharmacology. Surfactant is the cornerstone of neonatal respiratory critical care, but its proteins and phospholipids are produced in various tissues and organs, with possible roles only partially similar to that played in the alveoli. As surfactant research is focused mainly on its respiratory applications, knowledge about the possible role of surfactant in extrapulmonary disorders has never been summarized. Here we aim to comprehensively review the data about surfactant biology and pharmacology in organs other than the lung, especially focusing in the more promising surfactant extrapulmonary roles. We also review any preclinical or clinical data available about the therapeutic use of surfactant in these contexts. We offer a summary of knowledge and research/development milestones, as possible useful guidance for researchers of multidisciplinary background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Foligno
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center, "A. Béclère," South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Barbara Loi
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center, "A. Béclère," South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Lucilla Pezza
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital "A.Gemelli"-IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Piastra
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital "A.Gemelli"-IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institut-Hospital "12 de Octubre,", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center, "A. Béclère," South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France.,Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-INSERM U999, South Paris/Saclay University, Paris, France
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24
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Autilio C, Shankar-Aguilera S, Minucci A, Touqui L, De Luca D. Effect of cooling on lung secretory phospholipase A2 activity in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L498-L505. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00201.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermia can modify surfactant composition and function. Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) hydrolyses surfactant phospholipids and is important in the pathobiology of several critical respiratory disorders. We hypothesize that sPLA2 activity might be influenced by the temperature partially explaining surfactant changes. This study aims to evaluate comprehensively the effect of hypothermia on sPLA2 activity. We measured sPLA2 activity at different temperatures, alone or combined with bile acids, in vitro (incubating human recombinant sPLA2-IIA and porcine sPLA2-IB), ex vivo (by cooling bronchoalveolar lavage samples from neonates with respiratory distress syndrome or no lung disease), and in vivo (using lavage samples obtained before and after 72 h of whole body cooling in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy). We also measured concentrations of various sPLA2 subtypes and natural sPLA2 inhibitors in in vivo cooled samples. Results were corrected for protein content and dilution. In vitro cooling did not show any effect of hypothermia on sPLA2. Ex vivo cooling did not alter total sPLA2 activity, and the addition of bile acids increased sPLA2 activity irrespective of the temperature and the type of sampled patient. In vivo hypothermia reduced median sPLA2 activity from 16.6 [15.2–106.7] IU/mg to 3.3 [2.7–8.5] IU/mg ( P = 0.026) and mean sPLA2-IIA from 1.1 (0.8) pg/μg to 0.6 (0.4) pg/μg ( P = 0.047), whereas dioleylphosphatidylglycerol increased from 8.3 (3.9)% to 12.8 (5.1)% ( P = 0.02). Whole body hypothermia decreases in vivo global sPLA2 activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids through the reduction of sPLA2-IIA and increment of dioleylphosphatidylglycerol. This effect is absent during in vitro or ex vivo hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Autilio
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “A.Gemelli,” Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shivani Shankar-Aguilera
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center “A.Béclère,” South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Respiratory Physiopathology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “A.Gemelli,” Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center “A.Béclère,” South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit, South Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
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25
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ud din Parray M, Maurya N, Ahmad Wani F, Borse MS, Arfin N, Ahmad Malik M, Patel R. Comparative effect of cationic gemini surfactant and its monomeric counterpart on the conformational stability of phospholipase A2. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Madsen J, Panchal MH, Mackay RMA, Echaide M, Koster G, Aquino G, Pelizzi N, Perez-Gil J, Salomone F, Clark HW, Postle AD. Metabolism of a synthetic compared with a natural therapeutic pulmonary surfactant in adult mice. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1880-1892. [PMID: 30108154 PMCID: PMC6168297 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m085431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted pulmonary surfactant phosphatidylcholine (PC) has a complex intra-alveolar metabolism that involves uptake and recycling by alveolar type II epithelial cells, catabolism by alveolar macrophages, and loss up the bronchial tree. We compared the in vivo metabolism of animal-derived poractant alfa (Curosurf) and a synthetic surfactant (CHF5633) in adult male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were dosed intranasally with either surfactant (80 mg/kg body weight) containing universally 13C-labeled dipalmitoyl PC (DPPC) as a tracer. The loss of [U13C]DPPC from bronchoalveolar lavage and lung parenchyma, together with the incorporation of 13C-hydrolysis fragments into new PC molecular species, was monitored by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The catabolism of CHF5633 was considerably delayed compared with poractant alfa, the hydrolysis products of which were cleared more rapidly. There was no selective resynthesis of DPPC and, strikingly, acyl remodeling resulted in preferential synthesis of polyunsaturated PC species. In conclusion, both surfactants were metabolized by similar pathways, but the slower catabolism of CHF5633 resulted in longer residence time in the airways and enhanced recycling of its hydrolysis products into new PC species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Madsen
- Child Health, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Madhuriben H Panchal
- Child Health, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rose-Marie A Mackay
- Child Health, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mercedes Echaide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Grielof Koster
- Child Health, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Howard W Clark
- Child Health, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D Postle
- Child Health, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom .,National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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27
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Zhao L, Zhu Y, Chen Z, Xu H, Zhou J, Tang S, Xu Z, Kong F, Li X, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhang J, Jia G. Cardiopulmonary effects induced by occupational exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:169-184. [PMID: 29324056 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1425502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although some toxicological studies have reported that exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) may elicit adverse cardiopulmonary effects, related data collected from human are currently limited. The purpose of this study is to explore cardiopulmonary effects among workers who were exposed to nano-TiO2 and to identify biomarkers associated with exposure. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a nano-TiO2 manufacturing plant in eastern China. Exposure assessment and characterization of TiO2 particles were performed in a packaging workshop. Physical examination and possible biomarkers for cardiopulmonary effects were examined among 83 exposed workers and 85 controls. In packaging workshop, the total mass concentration of particles was 3.17 mg/m3. The mass concentration of nanoparticles was 1.22 mg/m3 accounting for 39% of the total mass. Lung damage markers (SP-D and pulmonary function), cardiovascular disease markers (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, LDL, and TC), oxidative stress markers (SOD and MDA), and inflammation markers (IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10) were associated with occupational exposure to nano-TiO2. Among those markers, SP-D showed a time (dose)-response pattern within exposed workers. The data strongly suggest that nano-TiO2 could contribute, at least in part, to the cardiopulmonary effects observed in workers. The studied markers and pulmonary function tests may be useful in health surveillance for workers exposed to nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- a Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yifang Zhu
- b Department of Environmental Health Sciences , Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Zhangjian Chen
- a Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Huadong Xu
- a Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- c Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Shichuan Tang
- d Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Zhizhen Xu
- d Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Fanling Kong
- e Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
| | - Xinwei Li
- c Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- f Zibo Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupation Diseases , Zibo , Shandong , P.R. China
| | - Xianzuo Li
- f Zibo Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupation Diseases , Zibo , Shandong , P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- c Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Guang Jia
- a Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing , P. R. China
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28
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Tabe S, Hikiji H, Ariyoshi W, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Shindou H, Shimizu T, Okinaga T, Seta Y, Tominaga K, Nishihara T. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 4 is involved in chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16701. [PMID: 29196633 PMCID: PMC5711957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids have important structural and functional roles in cells and are the main components of cellular membranes. Glycerophospholipids are formed via the de novo pathway (Kennedy pathway) and are subsequently matured in the remodeling pathway (Lands’ cycle). Lands’ cycle consists of two steps: deacylation of phospholipids by phospholipases A2 and reacylation of lysophospholipids by lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs). LPLATs play key roles in the maturation and maintenance of the fatty acid composition of biomembranes, and cell differentiation. We examined whether LPLATs are involved in chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells, which can differentiate into chondrocytes. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 4 (LPCAT4) mRNA expression and LPCAT enzymatic activity towards 18:1-, 18:2-, 20:4-, and 22:6-CoA increased in the late stage of chondrogenic differentiation, when mineralization occurred. LPCAT4 knockdown decreased mRNA and protein levels of chondrogenic markers as well as Alcian blue staining intensity and alkaline phosphatase activity in ATDC5 cells. These results suggest that LPCAT4 plays important roles during the transition of chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes and/or a mineralized phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirou Tabe
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Science of Physical Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Hisako Hikiji
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hashidate-Yoshida
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.,Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), AMED, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.,Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tominaga
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Science of Physical Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nishihara
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
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29
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Gal Y, Mazor O, Falach R, Sapoznikov A, Kronman C, Sabo T. Treatments for Pulmonary Ricin Intoxication: Current Aspects and Future Prospects. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:E311. [PMID: 28972558 PMCID: PMC5666358 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ricin, a plant-derived toxin originating from the seeds of Ricinus communis (castor beans), is one of the most lethal toxins known, particularly if inhaled. Ricin is considered a potential biological threat agent due to its high availability and ease of production. The clinical manifestation of pulmonary ricin intoxication in animal models is closely related to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which involves pulmonary proinflammatory cytokine upregulation, massive neutrophil infiltration and severe edema. Currently, the only post-exposure measure that is effective against pulmonary ricinosis at clinically relevant time-points following intoxication in pre-clinical studies is passive immunization with anti-ricin neutralizing antibodies. The efficacy of this antitoxin treatment depends on antibody affinity and the time of treatment initiation within a limited therapeutic time window. Small-molecule compounds that interfere directly with the toxin or inhibit its intracellular trafficking may also be beneficial against ricinosis. Another approach relies on the co-administration of antitoxin antibodies with immunomodulatory drugs, thereby neutralizing the toxin while attenuating lung injury. Immunomodulators and other pharmacological-based treatment options should be tailored according to the particular pathogenesis pathways of pulmonary ricinosis. This review focuses on the current treatment options for pulmonary ricin intoxication using anti-ricin antibodies, disease-modifying countermeasures, anti-ricin small molecules and their various combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Gal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Ohad Mazor
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Reut Falach
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Anita Sapoznikov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Chanoch Kronman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Tamar Sabo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
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30
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Gal Y, Sapoznikov A, Falach R, Ehrlich S, Aftalion M, Kronman C, Sabo T. Total Body Irradiation Mitigates Inflammation and Extends the Therapeutic Time Window for Anti-Ricin Antibody Treatment against Pulmonary Ricinosis in Mice. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9090278. [PMID: 28891987 PMCID: PMC5618211 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9090278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ricin, a highly toxic plant-derived toxin, is considered a potential weapon in biowarfare and bioterrorism due to its pronounced toxicity, high availability, and ease of preparation. Pulmonary exposure to ricin results in the generation of an acute edematous inflammation followed by respiratory insufficiency and death. Massive neutrophil recruitment to the lungs may contribute significantly to ricin-mediated morbidity. In this study, total body irradiation (TBI) served as a non-pharmacological tool to decrease the potential neutrophil-induced lung injury. TBI significantly postponed the time to death of intranasally ricin-intoxicated mice, given that leukopenia remained stable following intoxication. This increase in time to death coincided with a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory marker levels, and led to marked extension of the therapeutic time window for anti-ricin antibody treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Gal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Anita Sapoznikov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Reut Falach
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Sharon Ehrlich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Moshe Aftalion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Chanoch Kronman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
| | - Tamar Sabo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 76100, Israel.
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Antollini SS, Barrantes FJ. Fatty Acid Regulation of Voltage- and Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Function. Front Physiol 2016; 7:573. [PMID: 27965583 PMCID: PMC5124694 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acids (FFA) are essential components of the cell, where they play a key role in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and most particularly in cell membranes, where they are central actors in shaping the physicochemical properties of the lipid bilayer and the cellular adaptation to the environment. FFA are continuously being produced and degraded, and a feedback regulatory function has been attributed to their turnover. The massive increase observed under some pathological conditions, especially in brain, has been interpreted as a protective mechanism possibly operative on ion channels, which in some cases is of stimulatory nature and in other cases inhibitory. Here we discuss the correlation between the structure of FFA and their ability to modulate protein function, evaluating the influence of saturation/unsaturation, number of double bonds, and cis vs. trans isomerism. We further focus on the mechanisms of FFA modulation operating on voltage-gated and ligand-gated ion channel function, contrasting the still conflicting evidence on direct vs. indirect mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia S Antollini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (CONICET-UNS)Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del SurBahía Blanca, Argentina
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To KKW, Lee KC, Wong SSY, Sze KH, Ke YH, Lui YM, Tang BSF, Li IWS, Lau SKP, Hung IFN, Law CY, Lam CW, Yuen KY. Lipid metabolites as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for acute community acquired pneumonia. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 85:249-54. [PMID: 27105773 PMCID: PMC7173326 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of acute community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is important in patient triage and treatment decisions. To identify biomarkers that distinguish patients with CAP from non-CAP controls, we conducted an untargeted global metabolome analysis for plasma samples from 142 patients with CAP (CAP cases) and 97 without CAP (non-CAP controls). Thirteen lipid metabolites could discriminate between CAP cases and non-CAP controls with area-under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic curve of >0.8 (P ≤ 10−9). The levels of glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines and L-palmitoylcarnitine were higher, while the levels of lysophosphatidylethanolamines were lower in the CAP cases than those in non-CAP controls. All 13 metabolites could distinguish CAP cases from the non-infection, extrapulmonary infection and non-CAP respiratory tract infection subgroups. The levels of trihexosylceramide (d18:1/16:0) were higher, while the levels of lysophosphatidylethanolamines were lower, in the fatal than those of non-fatal CAP cases. Our findings suggest that lipid metabolites are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CAP. Thirteen lipid metabolites could discriminate CAP cases from non-CAP controls. The levels of 2 lipid metabolites differ between fatal and non-fatal CAP cases. Lipid metabolites are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin K W To
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kim-Chung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Samson S Y Wong
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kong-Hung Sze
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Hong Ke
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yin-Ming Lui
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bone S F Tang
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Iris W S Li
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susanna K P Lau
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivan F N Hung
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Yiu Law
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ching-Wan Lam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Adenovector-mediated gene transfer of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 attenuates oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats. Crit Care Med 2014; 42:e716-24. [PMID: 25319916 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lysophosphatidylcholine is generated through the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase A2 and reversely converted to phosphatidylcholine by lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1. Although lysophosphatidylcholine is a potent proinflammatory mediator and increased in several types of acute lung injuries, the role of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 has not yet been addressed. We aimed to investigate whether the exogenous expression of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 could attenuate acute lung injury. DESIGN Randomized, prospective animal study, including in vitro primary cell culture test. SETTING University medical center research laboratory. SUBJECTS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS Recombinant adenoviruses carrying complementary DNA encoding lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 or lacZ (Ad-lacZ) as a control was constructed. Alveolar type II cells were isolated from rats and cultured on tissue-culture inserts. Rats were pretreated with an endobronchial administration of the recombinant adenovirus. One week later, they were IV injected with oleic acid. The lungs were examined 4 hours post oleic acid. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Adenoviruses carrying complementary DNA encoding lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1-infected alveolar type II cells showed lower lysophosphatidylcholine levels and a decreased percentage of cell death compared with Ad-lacZ-infected cells or noninfected cells after exposure to hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour. Compared with Ad-lacZ plus oleic acid-treated lungs, adenoviruses carrying complementary DNA encoding lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 plus oleic acid-treated lungs showed a lower wet-to-dry lung weight ratio, a higher lung compliance, lower lysophosphatidylcholine contents, higher phosphatidylcholine contents, and a lower apoptosis ratio of alveolar type II cells. Histological scoring revealed that the adenoviruses carrying complementary DNA encoding lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1-treated lungs developed oleic acid-induced lung injuries that were attenuated compared with those of Ad-lacZ-treated lungs. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous expression of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 protects alveolar type II cells from oxidant-induced cell death in vitro, and endobronchial delivery of a lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 transgene effectively attenuates oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in vivo. These results suggest that lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 plays a protective role in acute lung injury.
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Šribar J, Oberčkal J, Križaj I. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the presynaptic toxicity of secreted phospholipases A2: An update. Toxicon 2014; 89:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sevoflurane anesthesia deteriorates pulmonary surfactant promoting alveolar collapse in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2014; 28:122-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Romero R, Yoon BH, Chaemsaithong P, Cortez J, Park CW, Gonzalez R, Behnke E, Hassan SS, Gotsch F, Yeo L, Chaiworapongsa T. Secreted phospholipase A2 is increased in meconium-stained amniotic fluid of term gestations: potential implications for the genesis of meconium aspiration syndrome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 27:975-83. [PMID: 24063538 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.847918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) represents the passage of fetal colonic content into the amniotic cavity. Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a complication that occurs in a subset of infants with MSAF. Secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is detected in meconium and is implicated in the development of MAS. The purpose of this study was to determine if sPLA2 concentrations are increased in the amniotic fluid of women in spontaneous labor at term with MSAF. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of patients in spontaneous term labor who underwent amniocentesis (n = 101). The patients were divided into two study groups: (1) MSAF (n = 61) and (2) clear fluid (n = 40). The presence of bacteria and endotoxin as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and sPLA2 concentrations in the amniotic fluid were determined. Statistical analyses were performed to test for normality and bivariate analysis. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to study the relationship between sPLA2 and IL-6 concentrations in the amniotic fluid. RESULTS Patients with MSAF have a higher median sPLA2 concentration (ng/mL) in amniotic fluid than those with clear fluid [1.7 (0.98-2.89) versus 0.3 (0-0.6), p < 0.001]. Among patients with MSAF, those with either microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC, defined as presence of bacteria in the amniotic cavity), or bacterial endotoxin had a significantly higher median sPLA2 concentration (ng/mL) in amniotic fluid than those without MIAC or endotoxin [2.4 (1.7-6.0) versus 1.7 (1.3-2.5), p < 0.05]. There was a positive correlation between sPLA2 and IL-6 concentrations in the amniotic fluid (Spearman Rho = 0.3, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION MSAF that contains bacteria or endotoxin has a higher concentration of sPLA2, and this may contribute to induce lung inflammation when meconium is aspirated before birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS , Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI , USA
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Yu L, Ding Y, Huang T, Huang X. Effect of bile Acid on fetal lung in rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:308274. [PMID: 24778648 PMCID: PMC3980923 DOI: 10.1155/2014/308274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To determine the correlation between maternal bile acid (BA) level and fetal pulmonary surfactant in rats and study the effects of BA on fetal lung in rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Methods. Forty pregnant rats were treated with (A) 5.5 mg/kg BA, (B) 1.4 mg/kg BA, and (C) 1 ml physiological saline. Levels of total bile acid (TBA), ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, and SP-A were determined and the lungs of fetal rats were analyzed for pathological changes. Results. Groups A and B intervened with BA showed significant higher level of TBA in both maternal and fetal serum, more mortality rate of fetal rats, more concentration of SP-A in fetal serum, and wider alveolus mesenchyme of fetal rats than the control Group C. Higher level of BA associated with increased fetal risk and lower numerical density of mitochondria in type II alveolar epithelial cells. The levels of TBA in maternal serum were found to have significant positive correlation with those in fetal serum and SP-A level but negatively with the area of alveolus and the numerical density of lamellar body. Conclusions. The TBA level in maternal serum showed significant association with lung pathological changes in fetal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Zhong Lu, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yiling Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Zhong Lu, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- *Yiling Ding:
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Zhong Lu, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Zhong Lu, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Yoder M, Zhuge Y, Yuan Y, Holian O, Kuo S, van Breemen R, Thomas LL, Lum H. Bioactive lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0 and 18:0 are elevated in lungs of asthmatic subjects. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:61-5. [PMID: 24404395 PMCID: PMC3881403 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, and is associated with upregulation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), the enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine, producing lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and free fatty acids. LPC is a lipid mediator with known pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic properties, and is believed to be a critical factor in cardiovascular diseases. We postulate that asthmatic subjects have an elevated content of LPC in the lung lining fluids. METHODS Eight non-asthmatic controls and seven asthmatic subjects were recruited for broncho-alveolar lavage fluids (BALF) collection for analysis of LPC by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS LPC16:0 and LPC18:0 were significantly elevated in the BALF of asthmatics with impaired lung function characteristic of moderate asthma, but not mild asthma. The increased LPC content in BALF was accompanied by increased PLA2 activity. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis of the BALF cell fraction indicated increased secretory PLA2-X (sPLA2-X). CONCLUSIONS The increased LPC content in the lung lining fluids is a potential critical lipid mediator in the initiation and/or progression of airway epithelial injury in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Yoder
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yan Zhuge
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Oksana Holian
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sherry Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard van Breemen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Larry L. Thomas
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hazel Lum
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Zhuge Y, Yuan Y, van Breemen R, DeGrand M, Holian O, Yoder M, Lum H. Stimulated bronchial epithelial cells release bioactive lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:66-74. [PMID: 24404396 PMCID: PMC3881404 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In human subjects and animal models with acute and chronic lung injury, the bioactive lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is elevated in lung lining fluids. The increased LPC can promote an inflammatory microenvironment resulting in lung injury. Furthermore, pathological lung conditions are associated with upregulated phospholipase A2 (PLA2), the predominant enzyme producing LPC in tissues by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine. However, the lung cell populations responsible for increases of LPC have yet to be systematically characterized. The goal was to investigate the LPC generation by bronchial epithelial cells in response to pathological mediators and determine the major LPC species produced. METHODS Primary human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) were challenged by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for 1 or 6 h, and condition medium and cells collected for quantification of predominant LPC species by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The cells were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for PLA2. The direct effects of LPC in inducing inflammatory activities on NHBE were assessed by transepithelial resistance as well as expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). RESULTS VEGF stimulation of NHBE for 1 or 6 h, significantly increased concentrations of LPC16:0, LPC18:0, and LPC18:1 in condition medium compared to control. The sPLA2-selective inhibitor (oleyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) inhibited the VEGF-induced release of LPC16:0 and LPC18:1 and PLA2 activity. In contrast, NHBE stimulated with TNF did not induce LPC release. VEGF did not increase mRNA of PLA2 subtypes sPLA2-X, sPLA2-XIIa, cPLA2-IVa, and iPLA2-VI. Exogenous LPC treatment increased expression of IL-8 and MMP-1, and reduced the transepithelial resistance in NHBE. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that VEGF-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells are a key source of extracellular LPCs, which can function as an autocrine mediator with potential to induce airway epithelial inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhuge
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard van Breemen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael DeGrand
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Oksana Holian
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Yoder
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hazel Lum
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Lamonica G, Amigoni M, Vedovelli L, Zambelli V, Scanziani M, Bellani G, Grassi A, Simonato M, Carnielli VP, Cogo PE. Pulmonary surfactant synthesis after unilateral lung injury in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2013; 116:210-5. [PMID: 24336880 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01535.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspiration pneumonitis can lead to alveolar surfactant dysfunction. We employed a murine model of unilateral aspiration to compare surfactant synthesis in the injured (I) and noninjured (NI) contralateral lung. Mice were instilled with hydrochloric acid in the right bronchus and, after 18 h, an intraperitoneal dose of deuterated water was administered as precursor of disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC)-palmitate. Selected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected at scheduled time points and lungs were removed. We measured DSPC-palmitate synthesis in lung tissue and secretion in BALF by gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry, together with total proteins and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) by spectrophotometry. BALF total proteins and MPO were significantly increased in the I lungs compared with NI and naïve control lungs. The DSPC pool size was significantly lower in the BALF of the I lungs compared with naïve controls. DSPC synthesis was accelerated in the I and NI lungs. DSPC secretion of the I lungs was similar to their respective naïve controls, and it was markedly lower compared with their respective NI contralateral lungs. DSPC synthesis and secretion were faster, especially in the NI lungs, compared with naïve control lungs, as a possible compensatory mechanism due to a cross-talk between the lungs triggered by inflammation, hyperventilation, and/or undetermined type II cell reaction to the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lamonica
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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De Luca D, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Minucci A, Vendittelli F, Gentile L, Stival E, Conti G, Piastra M, Antonelli M, Echaide M, Perez-Gil J, Capoluongo ED. Clinical and biological role of secretory phospholipase A2 in acute respiratory distress syndrome infants. Crit Care 2013; 17:R163. [PMID: 23883784 PMCID: PMC4057254 DOI: 10.1186/cc12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secretory phospholipase A2 is supposed to play a role in acute lung injury but no data are available for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is not clear which enzyme subtypes are secreted and what the relationships are between enzyme activity, biophysical and biochemical parameters, and clinical outcomes. We aimed to measure the enzyme and identify its subtypes and to study its biochemical and biophysical effect. The secondary aim was to correlate enzyme activity with clinical outcome. METHODS Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 24 infants with ARDS and 14 controls with no lung disease. Samples were assayed for secretory phospholipase A2 and molecules related to its activity and expression. Western blotting and captive bubble surfactometry were also performed. Clinical data were real time downloaded. RESULTS Tumor necrosis factor-α (814 (506-2,499) vs. 287 (111-1,315) pg/mL; P = 0.04), enzyme activity (430 (253-600) vs. 149 (61-387) IU/mL; P = 0.01), free fatty acids (4.3 (2.8-8.6) vs. 2 (0.8-4.6) mM; P = 0.026), and minimum surface tension (25.6 ± 6.1 vs. 18 ± 1.8 mN/m; P = 0.006) were higher in ARDS than in controls. Phospholipids are lower in ARDS than in controls (76.5 (54-100) vs. 1,094 (536-2,907) μg/mL; P = 0.0001). Three enzyme subtypes were identified (-IIA, -V, -X), although in lower quantities in controls; another subtype (-IB) was mainly detected in ARDS. Significant correlations exist between enzyme activity, free fatty acids (ρ = 0.823; P < 0.001), and surface tension (ρ = 0.55; P < 0.028). Correlations also exist with intensive care stay (ρ = 0.54; P = 0.001), PRISM-III24 (ρ = 0.79; P< 0.001), duration of ventilation (ρ = 0.53; P = 0.002), and oxygen therapy (ρ = 0.54; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Secretory phospholipase A2 activity is raised in pediatric ARDS and constituted of four subtypes. Enzyme correlates with some inflammatory mediators, surface tension, and major clinical outcomes. Secretory phospholipase A2 may be a clinically relevant target in pediatric ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Dept of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vendittelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonarda Gentile
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Stival
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Conti
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Piastra
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mercedes Echaide
- Dept of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Dept of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ettore D Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital 'A. Gemelli', Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Dushianthan A, Cusack R, Goss V, Postle AD, Grocott MPW. Clinical review: Exogenous surfactant therapy for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome--where do we go from here? Crit Care 2012; 16:238. [PMID: 23171712 PMCID: PMC3672556 DOI: 10.1186/cc11512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterised by severe hypoxemic respiratory failure and poor lung compliance. Despite advances in clinical management, morbidity and mortality remains high. Supportive measures including protective lung ventilation confer a survival advantage in patients with ARDS, but management is otherwise limited by the lack of effective pharmacological therapies. Surfactant dysfunction with quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of both phospholipids and proteins are characteristic of patients with ARDS. Exogenous surfactant replacement in animal models of ARDS and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome shows consistent improvements in gas exchange and survival. However, whilst some adult studies have shown improved oxygenation, no survival benefit has been demonstrated to date. This lack of clinical efficacy may be related to disease heterogeneity (where treatment responders may be obscured by nonresponders), limited understanding of surfactant biology in patients or an absence of therapeutic effect in this population. Crucially, the mechanism of lung injury in neonates is different from that in ARDS: surfactant inhibition by plasma constituents is a typical feature of ARDS, whereas the primary pathology in neonates is the deficiency of surfactant material due to reduced synthesis. Absence of phenotypic characterisation of patients, the lack of an ideal natural surfactant material with adequate surfactant proteins, coupled with uncertainty about optimal timing, dosing and delivery method are some of the limitations of published surfactant replacement clinical trials. Recent advances in stable isotope labelling of surfactant phospholipids coupled with analytical methods using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry enable highly specific molecular assessment of phospholipid subclasses and synthetic rates that can be utilised for phenotypic characterisation and individualisation of exogenous surfactant replacement therapy. Exploring the clinical benefit of such an approach should be a priority for future ARDS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahilanandan Dushianthan
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, CE 93, MP24, E-Level, Centre Block, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Rebecca Cusack
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, CE 93, MP24, E-Level, Centre Block, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Victoria Goss
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Anthony D Postle
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Mike PW Grocott
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, CE 93, MP24, E-Level, Centre Block, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Seeds MC, Grier BL, Suckling BN, Safta AM, Long DL, Waite BM, Morris PE, Hite RD. Secretory phospholipase A2-mediated depletion of phosphatidylglycerol in early acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Med Sci 2012; 343:446-51. [PMID: 22173044 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e318239c96c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) hydrolyze phospholipids in cell membranes and extracellular structures such as pulmonary surfactant. This study tests the hypothesis that sPLA2 are elevated in human lungs during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and that sPLA2 levels are associated with surfactant injury by hydrolysis of surfactant phospholipids. METHODS Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was obtained from 18 patients with early ARDS (<72 hours) and compared with samples from 10 healthy volunteers. Secreted phospholipase A2 levels were measured (enzyme activity and enzyme immunoassay) in conjunction with ARDS subjects' surfactant abnormalities including surfactant phospholipid composition, large and small aggregates distribution and surface tension function. RESULTS BAL sPLA2 enzyme activity was markedly elevated in ARDS samples relative to healthy subjects when measured by ex vivo hydrolysis of both phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Enzyme immunoassay identified increased PLA2G2A protein in the ARDS BAL fluid, which was strongly correlated with the sPLA2 enzyme activity against PG. Of particular interest, the authors demonstrated an average depletion of 69% of the PG in the ARDS sample large aggregates relative to the normal controls. Furthermore, the sPLA2 enzyme activity against PG and PC ex vivo correlated with the BAL recovery of in vivo PG and PC, respectively, and also correlated with the altered distribution of the large and small surfactant aggregates. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis that sPLA2-mediated hydrolysis of surfactant phospholipid, especially PG by PLA2G2A, contributes to surfactant injury during early ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Seeds
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Machado-Aranda D, Wang Z, Yu B, Suresh MV, Notter RH, Raghavendran K. Increased phospholipase A2 and lyso-phosphatidylcholine levels are associated with surfactant dysfunction in lung contusion injury in mice. Surgery 2012; 153:25-35. [PMID: 22853859 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surfactant dysfunction is an important pathologic disturbance in various forms of acute inflammatory lung injury. Previously we reported the presence of marked alterations in the composition and activity of pulmonary surfactant in bilateral lung contusions (LC) injury induced by blunt trauma in rats. This is extended here to a mouse model of unilateral LC with a focus on compositional and functional changes in surfactant associated with permeability injury and increases in activity of secretory phospholipase A2. RESULTS Surfactant-associated gene expression was not altered in mice with unilateral LC injury on the basis of Affymetrix analysis. LC mice had significant permeability injury with increased albumin and total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage at 5, 24, 48, and 72 hours after insult compared with uninjured controls. The percent content of large surfactant aggregates was depleted at all postinjury times, and pulmonary pressure-volume (P-V) mechanics and compliance were abnormal during this period. Surfactant dysfunction was evaluated in 24 hours, when permeability injury and P-V changes were most prominent. At this time, activity levels of secretory phospholipase A2 were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage, and chromatographic analysis showed that large surfactant aggregates had decreased levels of phosphatidylcholine and increased levels of lyso-phosphatidylcholine. These changes were accompanied by severe detriments in large aggregate surface activity by pulsating bubble surfactometry. Large aggregates from LC mice at 24 hours had minimum surface tensions of only 12.6 ± 1.1 mN/m after prolonged bubble pulsation (20 min) compared with 0.7 ± 0.03 mN/m for uninjured controls. CONCLUSION These results document important detriments in the composition and activity of pulmonary surfactant in LC injury in mice and suggest that active synthetic phospholipase-resistant exogenous surfactants may have utility in treating surfactant dysfunction in this clinically important condition.
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Helyes Z, Hajna Z. Endotoxin-Induced Airway Inflammation and Asthma Models. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-077-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Autotaxin induces lung epithelial cell migration through lysoPLD activity-dependent and -independent pathways. Biochem J 2011; 439:45-55. [PMID: 21696367 DOI: 10.1042/bj20110274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cell migration is a crucial step for re-epithelialization that in turn is essential for remodelling and repair after lung injury. In the present paper we hypothesize that secreted ATX (autotaxin), which exhibits lysoPLD (lysophospholipase D) activity, stimulates lung epithelial cell migration through LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) generation-dependent and -independent pathways. Release of endogenous ATX protein and activity was detected in lung epithelial cell culture medium. ATX with V5 tag overexpressed conditional medium had higher LPA levels compared with control medium and stimulated cell migration through G(αi)-coupled LPA receptors, cytoskeleton rearrangement, phosphorylation of PKC (protein kinase C) δ and cortactin at the leading edge of migrating cells. Inhibition of PKCδ attenuated ATX-V5 overexpressed conditional medium-mediated phosphorylation of cortactin. In addition, a recombinant ATX mutant, lacking lysoPLD activity, or heat-inactived ATX also induced lung epithelial cell migration. Extracelluar ATX bound to the LPA receptor and integrin β4 complex on A549 cell surface. Finally, intratracheal administration of LPS (lipopolysaccharide) into the mouse airway induced ATX release and LPA production in BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) fluid. These results suggested a significant role for ATX in lung epithelial cell migration and remodelling through its ability to induce LPA production-mediated phosphorylation of PKCδ and cortactin. In addition we also demonstrated association of ATX with the epithelial cell-surface LPA receptor and integrin β4.
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Blache D, Gautier T, Tietge UJF, Lagrost L. Activated platelets contribute to oxidized low‐density lipoproteins and dysfunctional high‐density lipoproteins through a phospholipase A2‐dependent mechanism. FASEB J 2011; 26:927-37. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-191593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Blache
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université de Bourgogne, Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer, Faculté de Médecine Dijon France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université de Bourgogne, Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer, Faculté de Médecine Dijon France
| | - Uwe J. F. Tietge
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic DiseaseUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université de Bourgogne, Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer, Faculté de Médecine Dijon France
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Hite RD, Grier BL, Waite BM, Veldhuizen RA, Possmayer F, Yao LJ, Seeds MC. Surfactant protein B inhibits secretory phospholipase A2 hydrolysis of surfactant phospholipids. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 302:L257-65. [PMID: 22037357 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00054.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrolysis of surfactant phospholipids (PL) by secretory phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2)) contributes to surfactant damage in inflammatory airway diseases such as acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. We and others have reported that each sPLA(2) exhibits specificity in hydrolyzing different PLs in pulmonary surfactant and that the presence of hydrophilic surfactant protein A (SP-A) alters sPLA(2)-mediated hydrolysis. This report tests the hypothesis that hydrophobic SP-B also inhibits sPLA(2)-mediated surfactant hydrolysis. Three surfactant preparations were used containing varied amounts of SP-B and radiolabeled tracers of phosphatidylcholine (PC) or phosphatidylglycerol (PG): 1) washed ovine surfactant (OS) (pre- and postorganic extraction) compared with Survanta (protein poor), 2) Survanta supplemented with purified bovine SP-B (1-5%, wt/wt), and 3) a mixture of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC), and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) (DPPC:POPC:POPG, 40:40:20) prepared as vesicles and monomolecular films in the presence or absence of SP-B. Hydrolysis of PG and PC by Group IB sPLA(2) (PLA2G1A) was significantly lower in the extracted OS, which contains SP-B, compared with Survanta (P = 0.005), which is SP-B poor. Hydrolysis of PG and PC in nonextracted OS, which contains all SPs, was lower than both Survanta and extracted OS. When Survanta was supplemented with 1% SP-B, PG and PC hydrolysis by PLA2G1B was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than in Survanta alone. When supplemented into pure lipid vesicles and monomolecular films composed of PG and PC mixtures, SP-B also inhibited hydrolysis by both PLA2G1B and Group IIA sPLA2 (PLA2G2A). In films, PLA2G1B hydrolyzed surfactant PL monolayers at surface pressures ≤30 mN/m (P < 0.01), and SP-B lowered the surface pressure range at which hydrolysis can occur. These results suggest the hydrophobic SP, SP-B, protects alveolar surfactant PL from hydrolysis mediated by multiple sPLA(2) in both vesicles (alveolar subphase) and monomolecular films (air-liquid interface).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Duncan Hite
- Section Head-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Ctr. Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1054, USA.
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Damas JE, Cake MH. An albumin-associated PLA2-like activity inactivates surfactant phosphatidylcholine secreted from fetal type II pneumocytes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301:L966-74. [PMID: 21908590 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00103.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II pneumocytes are responsible for the synthesis and secretion of pulmonary surfactant, which reduces surface tension in lung alveoli, thus decreasing their tendency to collapse during expiration. For this effect to be sustained, the integrity of the surface-active components of surfactant must be maintained. This study has shown that, when cultured type II pneumocytes are exposed to lipoprotein-free serum (LFS), the level of lyso-phosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) in the secreted surfactant phospholipids is markedly elevated with a concomitant decline in the level of phosphatidylcholine (PC). This effect is the result of hydrolysis of surfactant PC by a phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-like activity present within serum. Anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and preparative electrophoresis of human LFS have shown that this PLA(2)-like activity coelutes with albumin and is biochemically distinct from the secretory form of PLA(2). Furthermore, specific inhibitors of PLA(2) such as p-bromophenacyl bromide, aristolochic acid, and palmitoyl trifluoromethyl ketone do not inhibit this activity of serum. Commercially purified human serum albumin fraction V and recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) are almost as effective as LFS in enhancing the level of lyso-PC in the media. The latter finding implies that rHSA directly generates lyso-PC from secreted PC and suggests that this PLA(2)-like activity may be an intrinsic attribute of albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta E Damas
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
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Karray A, Ben Ali Y, Boujelben J, Amara S, Carrière F, Gargouri Y, Bezzine S. Drastic changes in the tissue-specific expression of secreted phospholipases A2 in chicken pulmonary disease. Biochimie 2011; 94:451-60. [PMID: 21893157 PMCID: PMC7117035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis is one of the most important diseases in poultry and it causes major economic losses. Infectious bronchitis is an acute, highly contagious, viral disease of chickens, characterized by rales, coughing, and sneezing. Because secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) are involved in inflammatory processes, the gene expressions of sPLA2s were investigated in both healthy chickens and chickens with infectious bronchitis and lung inflammation. The draft chicken genome was first scanned using human sPLA2 sequences to identify chicken sPLA2s (ChPLA2), chicken total mRNA were isolated and RT-PCR experiments were performed to amplify and then sequence orthologous cDNAs. Full-length cDNA sequences of ChPLA2-IB, -IIA, -IIE, -V and -X were cloned. The high degree of sequence identity of 50–70% between the avian and mammalian (human and mouse) sPLA2 orthologs suggests a conservation of important enzymatic functions for these phospholipases. Quantitation by qPCR of the transcript levels of ChPLA2-IB, -IIA, -IIE, -V and -X in several tissues from healthy chicken indicated that the expression patterns and mRNA levels diverged among the phospholipases tested. In chicken with infectious bronchitis, an over expression of ChPLA2-V was observed in lungs and spleen in comparison with healthy chicken. These findings suggest that ChPLA2-V could be a potential biomarker for lung inflammation. Conversely, a down regulation of ChPLA2-IB, -IIA and -X was observed in lungs and spleen in case of infectious bronchitis. A significant increase in the expression level of ChPLA2-X and ChPLA2-IB was also noticed in pancreas. No or minor changes have been detected in the expression of ChPLA2-IIE in lungs and small intestine, but it shows a significant increase in several infected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Karray
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS Route de Soukra, université de Sfax, Tunisia
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