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Chu Y, He Y, Zhai W, Huang Y, Tao C, Pang Z, Wang Z, Zhang D, Li H, Jia H. CpG adjuvant enhances humoral and cellular immunity against OVA in different degrees in BALB/c, C57BL/6J, and C57BL/6N mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112593. [PMID: 38972210 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
In lab settings, inbred mouse strains like BALB/c, C57BL/6J, and C57BL/6N are commonly used. Research in immunology and infectious diseases indicates that their Th1 and Th2 immune responses differ. However, the specific differences in the immune response to the vaccination still require investigation. In this study, ovalbumin (OVA) was used as an antigen and CpG-enriched recombinant plasmid (pUC18-CpG) as an adjuvant for immunisation. The level of serum-specific antibody IgG was detected by indirect ELISA. At 35dpi, serum cytokine levels were measured using MILLIPLEX®. T lymphocyte clusters from mouse spleen were examined using flow cytometry to investigate the immunological effects of the CPG-OVA vaccine on three different types of mice. The results showed that pUC18-CpG as an adjuvant could successfully enhance the immune response. BALB/c had the highest level of IgG antibody. In the OVA-only group, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the three types of mice was generally increased, and the BALB/c group had the highest ratio. After inoculation with CpG-OVA, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the three types of mice was lower than that of the OVA-only group, and C57BL/6J was the lowest. Compared with the CpG-OVA group of the three kinds of mice, the levels of Th2 cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in BALB/c were increased compared with C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N. After OVA, the six cytokines secreted in C57BL/6J were higher than those in the C57BL/6N OVA group. Therefore, C57 is a better model for examining the function of the vaccine in cellular immunity, whereas BALB/c mice are more prone to humoral immunity. In addition to highlighting the CpG plasmid's ability to successfully activate the immune response of Th1 and Th2, as well as the expression of IgG in vivo and promote T cell immune typing, this study provides valuable insights into immunology and the selection of mouse models for infectious diseases, providing a valuable resource for designing more effective vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuheng He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhai
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunhao Tao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongbao Pang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dekun Zhang
- Taihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210031, China
| | - Huanrong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China.
| | - Hong Jia
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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2
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Li S, Tang X, Zhou J, Bian X, Wang J, Gu L, Zhu X, Tao R, Sun M, Zhang X, Li B. The synergy of recombinant NSP4 and VP4 from porcine rotavirus elicited a strong mucosal response. Virology 2024; 597:110130. [PMID: 38850894 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Porcine rotavirus (PoRV) is one of the main pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets, and multiple genotypes coexist. However, an effective vaccine is currently lacking. Here, the potential adjuvant of nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) and highly immunogenic structural protein VP4 prompted us to construct recombinant NSP486-175aa (NSP4*) and VP426-476aa (VP4*) proteins, combine them as immunogens to evaluate their efficacy. Results indicated that NSP4* enhanced systemic and local mucosal responses induced by VP4*. The VP4*-IgG, VP4*-IgA in feces and IgA-secreting cells in intestines induced by the co-immunization were significantly higher than those induced by VP4* alone. Co-immunization of NSP4* and VP4* also induced strong cellular immunity with significantly increased IFN-λ than the single VP4*. Summarily, the NSP4* as a synergistical antigen exerted limited effects on the PoRV NAbs elevation, but conferred strong VP4*-specific mucosal and cellular efficacy, which lays the foundation for the development of a more effective porcine rotavirus subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufen Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuechao Tang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 210014, China
| | - Xianyu Bian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Laqiang Gu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 210014, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Min Sun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 210014, China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 210014, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 210014, China.
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3
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Farazuddin M, Acker G, Zourob J, O’Konek JJ, Wong PT, Morris S, Rasky AJ, Kim CH, Lukacs NW, Baker JR. Inhibiting retinoic acid signaling in dendritic cells suppresses respiratory syncytial virus infection through enhanced antiviral immunity. iScience 2024; 27:110103. [PMID: 39045100 PMCID: PMC11263793 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), controls the immunoregulatory functions of many immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), and is important for mucosal immunity. In DCs, RA regulates the expression of pattern recognition receptors and stimulates interferon production. Here, we investigated the role of RA in DCs in mounting immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). To abolish RA signaling in DCs, we used mice expressing a dominant negative form of retinoic acid receptor-α (RARα) under the CD11c promoter (CD11c-dnRARα). Paradoxically, upon RSV challenge, these animals had lower viral burden, reduced pathology, and greater Th1 polarized immunity than wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover, CD11c-dnRARα DCs infected with RSV showed enhancement in innate and adaptive immunity genes, while genes associated with viral replication were downregulated. These findings suggest that the absence of RA signaling in DCs enhances innate immunity against RSV infection leading to decreased viral load and reduced pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farazuddin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Grant Acker
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joseph Zourob
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessica J. O’Konek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pamela T. Wong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Susan Morris
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew J. Rasky
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chang H. Kim
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas W. Lukacs
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James R. Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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4
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Smythies LE, Belyaeva OV, Alexander KL, Bimczok D, Nick HJ, Serrano CA, Huff KR, Nearing M, Musgrove L, Poovey EH, Garth J, Russ K, Baig KRKK, Crossman DK, Peter S, Cannon JA, Elson CO, Kedishvili NY, Smith PD. Human intestinal stromal cells promote homeostasis in normal mucosa but inflammation in Crohn's disease in a retinoic acid-deficient manner. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00063-1. [PMID: 38945396 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal stromal cells (SCs), which synthesize the extracellular matrix that gives the mucosa its structure, are newly appreciated to play a role in mucosal inflammation. Here, we show that human intestinal vimentin+CD90+smooth muscle actin- SCs synthesize retinoic acid (RA) at levels equivalent to intestinal epithelial cells, a function in the human intestine previously attributed exclusively to epithelial cells. Crohn's disease SCs (Crohn's SCs), however, synthesized markedly less RA than SCs from healthy intestine (normal SCs). We also show that microbe-stimulated Crohn's SCs, which are more inflammatory than stimulated normal SCs, induced less RA-regulated differentiation of mucosal dendritic cells (DCs) (circulating pre-DCs and monocyte-derived DCs), leading to the generation of more potent inflammatory interferon-γhi/interleukin-17hi T cells than normal SCs. Explaining these results, Crohn's SCs expressed more DHRS3, a retinaldehyde reductase that inhibits retinol conversion to retinal and, thus, synthesized less RA than normal SCs. These findings uncover a microbe-SC-DC crosstalk in which luminal microbes induce Crohn's disease SCs to initiate and perpetuate inflammation through impaired synthesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley E Smythies
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Katie L Alexander
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Heidi J Nick
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carolina A Serrano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kayci R Huff
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Marie Nearing
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lois Musgrove
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Emily H Poovey
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jaleesa Garth
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kirk Russ
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kondal R K K Baig
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shajan Peter
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jamie A Cannon
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Charles O Elson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Phillip D Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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5
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Li W, Li Y, Li J, Meng J, Jiang Z, Yang C, Wen Y, Liu S, Cheng X, Mi S, zhao Y, Miao L, Lu X. All-Trans-Retinoic Acid-Adjuvanted mRNA Vaccine Induces Mucosal Anti-Tumor Immune Responses for Treating Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309770. [PMID: 38528670 PMCID: PMC11165559 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) cancer vaccines are a new class of immunotherapies that can activate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. However, their effectiveness in treating colorectal cancer located on the mucosal surface of the gut is limited due to the insufficient activation of mucosal immune response and inadequate infiltration of cytotoxic T cells into tumors. To address this issue, a new mRNA cancer vaccine is developed that can stimulate mucosal immune responses in the gut by co-delivering all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and mRNA using lipid nanoparticle (LNP). The incorporation of ATRA has not only improved the mRNA transfection efficiency of LNP but also induced high expression of gut-homing receptors on vaccine-activated T cells. Additionally, the use of LNP improves the aqueous solubility of ATRA, eliminating the need for toxic solvents to administer ATRA. Upon intramuscular injections, ATRA-adjuvanted mRNA-LNP significantly increase the infiltration of antigen-specific, cytotoxic T cells in the lamina propria of the intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes, and orthotopic colorectal tumors, resulting in significantly improved tumor inhibition and prolonged animal survival compared to conventional mRNA-LNP without ATRA. Overall, this study provides a promising approach for improving the therapeutic efficacy of mRNA cancer vaccines against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery SystemSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Jingjiao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Junli Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Ziqiong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery SystemSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Chen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yixing Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Xingdi Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Shiwei Mi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuanyuan zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Lei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery SystemSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Xueguang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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Liu Y, Long M, Wang Y, Liang Z, Dong Y, Qu M, Ge X, Nan Y, Chen Y, Zhou X. Multicomponent Pathogen-Mimicking Nanoparticles Induce Intestinal Immune Responses against Paratuberculosis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3387-3400. [PMID: 38656158 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Given the worldwide problem posed by enteric pathogens, the discovery of safe and efficient intestinal adjuvants combined with novel antigen delivery techniques is essential to the design of mucosal vaccines. In this work, we designed poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticles (NPs) to codeliver all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), novel antigens, and CpG. To address the insolubility of the intestinal adjuvant atRA, we utilized PLGA to encapsulate atRA and form a "nanocapsid" with polydopamine. By leveraging polydopamine, we adsorbed the water-soluble antigens and the TLR9 agonist CpG onto the NPs' surface, resulting in the pathogen-mimicking PLPCa NPs. In this study, the novel fusion protein (HBf), consisting of the Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis antigens HBHA, Ag85B, and Bfra, was coloaded onto the NPs. In vitro, PLPCa NPs were shown to promote the activation and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Additionally, we found that PLPCa NPs created an immune-rich microenvironment at the injection site following intramuscular administration. From the results, the PLPCa NPs induced strong IgA levels in the gut in addition to enhancing powerful systemic immune responses. Consequently, significant declines in the bacterial burden and inflammatory score were noted in PLPCa NPs-treated mice. In summary, PLPCa can serve as a novel and safe vaccine delivery platform against gut pathogens, such as paratuberculosis, capable of activating both systemic and intestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiduo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Meizhen Long
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhengmin Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Mengjin Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yue Nan
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiangmei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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7
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Mi S, Li W, Wen Y, Yang C, Liu S, Li J, Cheng X, Zhao Y, Huo H, Zu H, Lu X. Layer-by-layer nanoparticle encapsulating all-trans retinoic acid and CpG as a mucosal adjuvant targeting colorectal cancer. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2292-2301. [PMID: 38498328 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally, demanding innovative therapeutic strategies. Immunotherapy, a promising avenue, employs cancer vaccines to activate the immune system against tumors. However, conventional approaches fall short of eliciting robust responses within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, where CRC originates. Harnessing the potential of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (CpG), we developed layered nanoparticles using a layer-by-layer assembly method to co-deliver these agents. ATRA, crucial for gut immunity, was efficiently encapsulated alongside CpG within these nanoparticles. Administering these ATRA@CpG-NPs, combined with ovalbumin peptide (OVA), effectively inhibited orthotopic CRC growth in mice. Our approach leveraged the inherent benefits of ATRA and CpG, demonstrating superior efficacy in activating dendritic cells, imprinting T cells with gut-homing receptors, and inhibiting tumor growth. This mucosal adjuvant presents a promising strategy for CRC immunotherapy, showcasing the potential for targeting gut-associated immune responses in combating colorectal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Mi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yixing Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jingjiao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingdi Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haonan Huo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haowei Zu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xueguang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Zhang J, Yao Z. Immune cell trafficking: a novel perspective on the gut-skin axis. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:21. [PMID: 38654394 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking, an essential mechanism for maintaining immunological homeostasis and mounting effective responses to infections, operates under a stringent regulatory framework. Recent advances have shed light on the perturbation of cell migration patterns, highlighting how such disturbances can propagate inflammatory diseases from their origin to distal organs. This review collates and discusses current evidence that demonstrates atypical communication between the gut and skin, which are conventionally viewed as distinct immunological spheres, in the milieu of inflammation. We focus on the aberrant, reciprocal translocation of immune cells along the gut-skin axis as a pivotal factor linking intestinal and dermatological inflammatory conditions. Recognizing that the translation of these findings into clinical practices is nascent, we suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the axis may offer substantial benefits in mitigating the widespread impact of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Zhang
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Yao
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Caricasulo MA, Zanetti A, Terao M, Garattini E, Paroni G. Cellular and micro-environmental responses influencing the antitumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid in breast cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:127. [PMID: 38360674 PMCID: PMC10870483 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the most relevant and functionally active metabolite of Vitamin-A. From a therapeutic standpoint, ATRA is the first example of pharmacological agent exerting its anti-tumor activity via a cell differentiating action. In the clinics, ATRA is used in the treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, a rare form of myeloid leukemia with unprecedented therapeutic results. The extraordinary effectiveness of ATRA in the treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia patients has raised interest in evaluating the potential of this natural retinoid in the treatment of other types of neoplasias, with particular reference to solid tumors.The present article provides an overview of the available pre-clinical and clinical studies focussing on ATRA as a therapeutic agent in the context of breast cancer from a holistic point of view. In detail, we focus on the direct effects of ATRA in breast cancer cells as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of action. In addition, we summarize the available information on the action exerted by ATRA on the breast cancer micro-environment, an emerging determinant of the progression and invasive behaviour of solid tumors. In particular we discuss the recent evidences of ATRA activity on the immune system. Finally, we analyse and discuss the results obtained with the few ATRA-based clinical trials conducted in the context of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Azzurra Caricasulo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri, 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Adriana Zanetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri, 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Mineko Terao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri, 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Enrico Garattini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri, 2, Milan, 20156, Italy
| | - Gabriela Paroni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri, 2, Milan, 20156, Italy.
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10
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Yu Y, Wang J, Wu MX. Microneedle-Mediated Immunization Promotes Lung CD8+ T-Cell Immunity. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1983-1992.e3. [PMID: 37044258 PMCID: PMC10524108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle array has proven more efficient in stimulating humoral immunity than intramuscular vaccination. However, its effectiveness in inducing pulmonary CD8+ T cells remains elusive, which is essential to the frontline defense against pulmonary viral infections such as influenza and COVID-19 viruses. The current investigation reveals that superior CD8+ T-cell responses are elicited by immunization with a microneedle array over intradermal or intramuscular immunization using the model antigen ovalbumin, irrespective of whether or not the antigen is provided in the lung. Mechanistically, microneedle array-mediated immunization targeted the epidermal layer and stimulated predominantly Langerhans cells, resulting in increased expression of α4β1 adhesion molecules on the CD8+ T-cell surface, which may play a role in T-cell homing to the lung, whereas CD8+ T cells induced by intramuscular immunization did not express the adhesion molecule sufficiently. CD8+ T cells with a lung-homing propensity were also seen after intradermal vaccination, yet to a much lesser extent. Accordingly, microneedle array immunization provided stronger protection against influenza viral infection than intradermal or intramuscular immunization. The observations offer insights into a strong cross-talk between epidermal immunization and lung immunity and are valuable for designing and delivering vaccines against respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ji Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The first affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei X Wu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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11
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Nihei Y, Higashiyama M, Miyauchi K, Haniuda K, Suzuki Y, Kubo M, Kitamura D. Subcutaneous immunisation with zymosan generates mucosal IgA-eliciting memory and protects mice from heterologous influenza virus infection. Int Immunol 2023; 35:377-386. [PMID: 37140172 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant isotype of antibodies and provides a first line of defense at the mucosa against pathogens invading the host. It has been widely accepted that the mucosal IgA response provided by vaccination requires mucosal inoculation, and intranasal inoculation has been proposed for vaccines against influenza virus. Considering the difficulty of intranasal vaccination in infants or elderly people, however, parenteral vaccination that provides the mucosal IgA response is desirable. Here, we demonstrate that subcutaneous immunisation with zymosan, a yeast cell wall constituent known to be recognised by Dectin-1 and TLR2, potentiates the production of antigen-specific IgA antibodies in the sera and airway mucosa upon intranasal antigen challenge. We confirmed that the antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells accumulated in the lung and nasal-associated lymphoid tissues after the antigen challenge. Such an adjuvant effect of zymosan in the primary immunisation for the IgA response depended on Dectin-1 signalling, but not on TLR2. The IgA response to the antigen challenge required both antigen-specific memory B and T cells, and the generation of memory T cells, but not memory B cells, depended on zymosan as an adjuvant. Finally, we demonstrated that subcutaneous inoculation of inactivated influenza virus with zymosan, but not with alum, mostly protected the mice from infection with a lethal dose of a heterologous virus strain. These data suggest that zymosan is a possible adjuvant for parenteral immunisation that generates memory IgA responses to respiratory viruses such as influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Nihei
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Mizuki Higashiyama
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Kosuke Miyauchi
- Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kei Haniuda
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, RIBS, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kitamura
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
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12
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Hu Y, Setayesh T, Vaziri F, Wu X, Hwang ST, Chen X, Yvonne Wan YJ. miR-22 gene therapy treats HCC by promoting anti-tumor immunity and enhancing metabolism. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1829-1845. [PMID: 37143325 PMCID: PMC10277895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) can be induced by beneficial metabolites that have metabolic and immune effects, including retinoic acids, bile acids, vitamin D3, and short-chain fatty acids. The tumor suppressor effects of miR-22 have been suggested, but whether miR-22 treats orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not established. The role of miR-22 in regulating tumor immunity is also poorly understood. Our data showed that miR-22 delivered by adeno-associated virus serotype 8 effectively treated HCC. Compared with FDA-approved lenvatinib, miR-22 produced better survival outcomes without noticeable toxicity. miR-22 silenced hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1α) and enhanced retinoic acid signaling in both hepatocytes and T cells. Moreover, miR-22 treatment improved metabolism and reduced inflammation. In the liver, miR-22 reduced the abundance of IL17-producing T cells and inhibited IL17 signaling by reducing the occupancy of HIF1α in the Rorc and Il17a genes. Conversely, increasing IL17 signaling ameliorated the anti-HCC effect of miR-22. Additionally, miR-22 expanded cytotoxic T cells and reduced regulatory T cells (Treg). Moreover, depleting cytotoxic T cells also abolished the anti-HCC effects of miR-22. In patients, miR-22 high HCC had upregulated metabolic pathways and reduced IL17 pro-inflammatory signaling compared with miR-22 low HCC. Together, miR-22 gene therapy can be a novel option for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Tahereh Setayesh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Samuel T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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13
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Feliu V, Gomez-Roca C, Michelas M, Thébault N, Lauzéral-Vizcaino F, Salvioni A, Scandella L, Sarot E, Valle C, Balança CC, Scarlata CM, Delord JP, Ayyoub M, Devaud C. Distant antimetastatic effect of enterotropic colon cancer-derived α4β7 +CD8 + T cells. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadg8841. [PMID: 37289857 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adg8841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high prognostic value of immune infiltrates in colorectal cancer (CRC), metastatic disease remains resistant to immunotherapy by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we show, in metastatic CRC preclinical models, that orthotopically implanted primary colon tumors exert a colon-specific antimetastatic effect on distant hepatic lesions. Enterotropic α4β7 integrin-expressing neoantigen-specific CD8 T cells were key components of the antimetastatic effect. Accordingly, the presence of concomitant colon tumors improved control of liver lesions by anti-PD-L1 proof-of-concept immunotherapy and generated protective immune memory, whereas partial depletion of α4β7+ cells abrogated control of metastases. Last, in patients with metastatic CRC, response to ICB was associated with expression of α4β7 integrin in metastases and with circulating α4β7+ CD8 T cells. Our findings identify a systemic cancer immunosurveillance role for gut-primed tumor-specific α4β7+ CD8 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Feliu
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Carlos Gomez-Roca
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Michelas
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Noémie Thébault
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lauzéral-Vizcaino
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anna Salvioni
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Lise Scandella
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Sarot
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Valle
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille-Charlotte Balança
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Clara-Maria Scarlata
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Delord
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Devaud
- Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT)-Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
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14
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Emmert V, Lendvai-Emmert D, Eklics K, Prémusz V, Tóth GP. Current Practice in Pediatric Cow's Milk Protein Allergy-Immunological Features and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055025. [PMID: 36902457 PMCID: PMC10003246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cow's milk protein allergy is one of the most common pediatric food allergies. It poses a significant socioeconomic burden in industrialized countries and has a profound effect on the quality of life of affected individuals and their families. Diverse immunologic pathways can lead to the clinical symptoms of cow's milk protein allergy; some of the pathomechanisms are known in detail, but others need further elucidation. A comprehensive understanding of the development of food allergies and the features of oral tolerance could have the potential to unlock more precise diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic approaches for patients with cow's milk protein allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessza Emmert
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
- Erzsébet Teaching Hospital and Rehabilitation Institute, 9400 Sopron, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominika Lendvai-Emmert
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kata Eklics
- Department of Languages for Biomedical Purposes, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktória Prémusz
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Péter Tóth
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
- Erzsébet Teaching Hospital and Rehabilitation Institute, 9400 Sopron, Hungary
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15
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Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235038. [PMID: 36501067 PMCID: PMC9738822 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is critical for many biological processes, including embryonic development, hormone production and function, the maintenance and modulation of immunity, and the homeostasis of epithelium and mucosa. Specifically, VA affects cell integrity, cytokine production, innate immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte trafficking to mucosal surfaces. VA also has been reported to influence the gut microbiota composition and diversity. Consequently, VA deficiency (VAD) results in the imbalanced production of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines, intestinal inflammation, weakened mucosal barrier functions, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of the gut microbiome. Although VAD is primarily known to cause xerophthalmia, its role in the impairment of anti-infectious defense mechanisms is less defined. Infectious diseases lead to temporary anorexia and lower dietary intake; furthermore, they adversely affect VA status by interfering with VA absorption, utilization and excretion. Thus, there is a tri-directional relationship between VAD, immune response and infections, as VAD affects immune response and predisposes the host to infection, and infection decreases the intestinal absorption of the VA, thereby contributing to secondary VAD development. This has been demonstrated using nutritional and clinical studies, radiotracer studies and knockout animal models. An in-depth understanding of the relationship between VAD, immune response, gut microbiota and infections is critical for optimizing vaccine efficacy and the development of effective immunization programs for countries with high prevalence of VAD. Therefore, in this review, we have comprehensively summarized the existing knowledge regarding VAD impacts on immune responses to infections and post vaccination. We have detailed pathological conditions associated with clinical and subclinical VAD, gut microbiome adaptation to VAD and VAD effects on the immune responses to infection and vaccines.
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16
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Qu W, Guo Y, Xu Y, Zhang J, Wang Z, Ding C, Pan Y. Advance in strategies to build efficient vaccines against tuberculosis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:955204. [PMID: 36504851 PMCID: PMC9731747 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.955204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive infectious disease, which can cause great damage to human and animal health all over the world. The emergence of multi-drug resistant strains, the unstable protective effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on adults, and the mixed infection with HIV all warn people to exploit new approaches for conquering tuberculosis. At present, there has been significant progress in developing tuberculosis vaccines, such as improved BCG vaccine, subunit vaccine, DNA vaccine, live attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine. Among these candidate vaccines, there are some promising vaccines to improve or replace BCG vaccine effect. Meanwhile, the application of adjuvants, prime-boost strategy, immunoinformatic tools and targeting components have been studied concentratedly, and verified as valid means of raising the efficiency of tuberculosis vaccines as well. In this paper, the latest advance in tuberculosis vaccines in recent years is reviewed to provide reliable information for future tuberculosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinhui Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongchao Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoyue Ding
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Yuanhu Pan
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17
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Abstract
Vitamin A (retinol) is a critical micronutrient required for the control of stem cell functions, cell differentiation, and cell metabolism in many different cell types, both during embryogenesis and in the adult organism. However, we must obtain vitamin A from food sources. Thus, the uptake and metabolism of vitamin A by intestinal epithelial cells, the storage of vitamin A in the liver, and the metabolism of vitamin A in target cells to more biologically active metabolites, such as retinoic acid (RA) and 4-oxo-RA, must be precisely regulated. Here, I will discuss the enzymes that metabolize vitamin A to RA and the cytochrome P450 Cyp26 family of enzymes that further oxidize RA. Because much progress has been made in understanding the regulation of ALDH1a2 (RALDH2) actions in the intestine, one focus of this review is on the metabolism of vitamin A in intestinal epithelial cells and dendritic cells. Another focus is on recent data that 4-oxo-RA is a ligand required for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cell dormancy and the important role of RARβ (RARB) in these stem cells. Despite this progress, many questions remain in this research area, which links vitamin A metabolism to nutrition, immune functions, developmental biology, and nuclear receptor pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, and Revlon Pharmaceutical Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacology Department, and the Meyer Cancer Center of Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
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18
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Chepngeno J, Amimo JO, Michael H, Jung K, Raev S, Lee MV, Damtie D, Mainga AO, Vlasova AN, Saif LJ. Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A. Viruses 2022; 14:2354. [PMID: 36366453 PMCID: PMC9697517 DOI: 10.3390/v14112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of vitamin A deficiency (VAD)/supplementation (±VA) and group A RV (RVA) maternal immunization of RVA seropositive multiparous pregnant sows, on their immune responses (anamnestic response) and on passive protection of their piglets against RVA challenge. Our results showed that VAD- mock sows had increased RVA RNA shedding at 1-5 days post piglet RVA challenge, and their litters had increased RVA shedding and diarrhea frequency throughout the experiment. VAD decreased memory B cell frequencies while VA supplementation increased RVA specific IgA/IgG antibody (Ab) secreting cell (ASC) numbers in blood, milk, and tissues of RVA inoculated VAD sows. The increased numbers of RVA specific IgA/IgG ASCs in blood, milk/colostrum, intestinal contents, and tissues in VA supplemented VAD sows, suggest a role of VA in B cell immunity and trafficking to tissues. We also observed that RVA inoculated sows had the highest viral neutralizing Ab titers in serum and milk while VA supplementation of VAD sows and RVA inoculation increased IgA+ B cell frequencies in sow colostrum. In summary, we demonstrated that daily oral VA-supplementation (2nd trimester-throughout lactation) to RVA inoculated VAD sows improved the function of their gut-mammary-IgA immunological axis, reducing viral RNA shedding, diarrhea, and increasing weight gain in suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Chepngeno
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Joshua O. Amimo
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00625, Kenya
| | - Husheem Michael
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Kwonil Jung
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Sergei Raev
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Marcia V. Lee
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Debasu Damtie
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- The Ohio State University Global One Health LLC, Eastern Africa Regional Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Alfred O. Mainga
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00625, Kenya
| | - Anastasia N. Vlasova
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Linda J. Saif
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
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19
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Abstract
Barrier tissues are the primary site of infection for pathogens likely to cause future pandemics. Tissue-resident lymphocytes can rapidly detect pathogens upon infection of barrier tissues and are critical in preventing viral spread. However, most vaccines fail to induce tissue-resident lymphocytes and are instead reliant on circulating antibodies to mediate protective immunity. Circulating antibody titers wane over time following vaccination leaving individuals susceptible to breakthrough infections by variant viral strains that evade antibody neutralization. Memory B cells were recently found to establish tissue residence following infection of barrier tissues. Here, we summarize emerging evidence for the importance of tissue-resident memory B cells in the establishment of protective immunity against viral and bacterial challenge. We also discuss the role of tissue-resident memory B cells in regulating the progression of non-infectious diseases. Finally, we examine new approaches to develop vaccines capable of eliciting barrier immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Chen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Brian J Laidlaw
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
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20
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Recent progress in application of nanovaccines for enhancing mucosal immune responses. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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21
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Hameed SA, Paul S, Dellosa GKY, Jaraquemada D, Bello MB. Towards the future exploration of mucosal mRNA vaccines against emerging viral diseases; lessons from existing next-generation mucosal vaccine strategies. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:71. [PMID: 35764661 PMCID: PMC9239993 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mRNA vaccine platform has offered the greatest potential in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic owing to rapid development, effectiveness, and scalability to meet the global demand. There are many other mRNA vaccines currently being developed against different emerging viral diseases. As with the current COVID-19 vaccines, these mRNA-based vaccine candidates are being developed for parenteral administration via injections. However, most of the emerging viruses colonize the mucosal surfaces prior to systemic infection making it very crucial to target mucosal immunity. Although parenterally administered vaccines would induce a robust systemic immunity, they often provoke a weak mucosal immunity which may not be effective in preventing mucosal infection. In contrast, mucosal administration potentially offers the dual benefit of inducing potent mucosal and systemic immunity which would be more effective in offering protection against mucosal viral infection. There are however many challenges posed by the mucosal environment which impede successful mucosal vaccination. The development of an effective delivery system remains a major challenge to the successful exploitation of mucosal mRNA vaccination. Nonetheless, a number of delivery vehicles have been experimentally harnessed with different degrees of success in the mucosal delivery of mRNA vaccines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of mRNA vaccines and summarise their application in the fight against emerging viral diseases with particular emphasis on COVID-19 mRNA platforms. Furthermore, we discuss the prospects and challenges of mucosal administration of mRNA-based vaccines, and we explore the existing experimental studies on mucosal mRNA vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodiq A. Hameed
- grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Stephane Paul
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Giann Kerwin Y. Dellosa
- grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dolores Jaraquemada
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Muhammad Bashir Bello
- grid.412771.60000 0001 2150 5428Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University PMB, 2346 Sokoto, Nigeria
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22
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Lockhart A, Mucida D, Parsa R. Immunity to enteric viruses. Immunity 2022; 55:800-818. [PMID: 35545029 PMCID: PMC9257994 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic enteric viruses are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among children in developing countries. The host response to enteric viruses occurs primarily within the mucosa, where the intestinal immune system must balance protection against pathogens with tissue protection and tolerance to harmless commensal bacteria and food. Here, we summarize current knowledge in natural immunity to enteric viruses, highlighting specialized features of the intestinal immune system. We further discuss how knowledge of intestinal anti-viral mechanisms can be translated into vaccine development with particular focus on immunization in the oral route. Research reveals that the intestine is a complex interface between enteric viruses and the host where environmental factors influence susceptibility and immunity to infection, while viral infections can have lasting implications for host health. A deeper mechanistic understanding of enteric anti-viral immunity with this broader context can ultimately lead to better vaccines for existing and emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley Lockhart
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Roham Parsa
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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23
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Bos A, van Egmond M, Mebius R. The role of retinoic acid in the production of immunoglobulin A. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:562-572. [PMID: 35418672 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its derivative retinoic acid (RA) play important roles in the regulation of mucosal immunity. The effect of vitamin A metabolism on T lymphocyte immunity has been well documented, but its role in mucosal B lymphocyte regulation is less well described. Intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) is key in orchestrating a balanced gut microbiota composition. Here, we describe the contribution of RA to IgA class switching in tissues including the lamina propria, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches and isolated lymphoid follicles. RA can either indirectly skew T cells or directly affect B cell differentiation. IgA levels in healthy individuals are under the control of the metabolism of vitamin A, providing a steady supply of RA. However, IgA levels are altered in inflammatory bowel disease patients, making control of the metabolism of vitamin A a potential therapeutic target. Thus, dietary vitamin A is a key player in regulating IgA production within the intestine, acting via multiple immunological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Bos
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reina Mebius
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Research Institute of Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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24
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Zhong X, Du G, Wang X, Ou Y, Wang H, Zhu Y, Hao X, Xie Z, Zhang Y, Gong T, Zhang Z, Sun X. Nanovaccines Mediated Subcutis-to-Intestine Cascade for Improved Protection against Intestinal Infections. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105530. [PMID: 34825482 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Parenteral vaccines typically can prime systemic humoral immune response, but with limited effects on cellular and mucosal immunity. Here, a subcutis-to-intestine cascade for navigating nanovaccines to address this limitation is proposed. This five-step cascade includes lymph nodes targeting, uptaken by dendritic cells (DCs), cross-presentation of antigens, increasing CCR9 expression on DCs, and driving CD103+ DCs to mesenteric lymph nodes, in short, the LUCID cascade. Specifically, mesoporous silica nanoparticles are encapsulated with antigen and adjuvant toll-like receptor 9 agonist cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides, and further coated by a lipid bilayer containing all-trans retinoic acid. The fabricated nanovaccines efficiently process the LUCID cascade to dramatically augment cellular and mucosal immune responses. Importantly, after being vaccinated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium antigen-loaded nanovaccine, the mice generate protective immunity against challenge of S. Typhimurium. These findings reveal the efficacy of nanovaccines mediated subcutis-to-intestine cascade in simultaneously activating cellular and mucosal immune responses against mucosal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Guangsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yangsen Ou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hairui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yining Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yuandong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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25
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Sarohan AR, Kızıl M, İnkaya AÇ, Mahmud S, Akram M, Cen O. A novel hypothesis for COVID-19 pathogenesis: Retinol depletion and retinoid signaling disorder. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110121. [PMID: 34438017 PMCID: PMC8380544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused a worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. In less than a year and a half, more than 200 million people have been infected and more than four million have died. Despite some improvement in the treatment strategies, no definitive treatment protocol has been developed. The pathogenesis of the disease has not been clearly elucidated yet. A clear understanding of its pathogenesis will help develop effective vaccines and drugs. The immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 is characteristic with acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan involvement with impaired Type I interferon response and hyperinflammation. The destructive systemic effects of COVID-19 cannot be explained simply by the viral tropism through the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors. In addition, the recently identified mutations cannot fully explain the defect in all cases of Type I interferon synthesis. We hypothesize that retinol depletion and resulting impaired retinoid signaling play a central role in the COVID-19 pathogenesis that is characteristic for dysregulated immune system, defect in Type I interferon synthesis, severe inflammatory process, and destructive systemic multiorgan involvement. Viral RNA recognition mechanism through RIG-I receptors can quickly consume a large amount of the body's retinoid reserve, which causes the retinol levels to fall below the normal serum levels. This causes retinoid insufficiency and impaired retinoid signaling, which leads to interruption in Type I interferon synthesis and an excessive inflammation. Therefore, reconstitution of the retinoid signaling may prove to be a valid strategy for management of COVID-19 as well for some other chronic, degenerative, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Rodan Sarohan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicina Plus Medical Center, 75. Yıl Mah., İstiklal Cad. 1305 Sk., No: 16 Sultangazi, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Murat Kızıl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dicle University. Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çağkan İnkaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Shokhan Mahmud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine Government College, University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Osman Cen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Natural Sciences and Engineering, John Wood College, Quincy, IL, United States of America
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26
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Harriman R, Lewis JS. Bioderived materials that disarm the gut mucosal immune system: Potential lessons from commensal microbiota. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:187-207. [PMID: 34098091 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of evolution, mammals and gut commensal microbes have adapted to coexist with each other. This homeostatic coexistence is dependent on an intricate balance between tolerogenic and inflammatory responses directed towards beneficial, commensal microbes and pathogenic intruders, respectively. Immune tolerance towards the gut microflora is largely sustained by immunomodulatory molecules produced by the commensals, which protect the bacteria from immune advances and maintain the gut's unique tolerogenic microenvironment, as well as systemic homeostasis. The identification and characterization of commensal-derived, tolerogenic molecules could lead to their utilization in biomaterials-inspired delivery schemes involving nano/microparticles or hydrogels, and potentially lead to the next generation of commensal-derived therapeutics. Moreover, gut-on-chip technologies could augment the discovery and characterization of influential commensals by providing realistic in vitro models conducive to finicky microbes. In this review, we provide an overview of the gut immune system, describe its intricate relationships with the microflora and identify major genera involved in maintaining tolerogenic responses and peripheral homeostasis. More relevant to biomaterials, we discuss commensal-derived molecules that are known to interface with immune cells and discuss potential strategies for their incorporation into biomaterial-based strategies aimed at culling inflammatory diseases. We hope this review will bridge the current findings in gut immunology, microbiology and biomaterials and spark further investigation into this emerging field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite its tremendous potential to culminate into revolutionary therapeutics, the synergy between immunology, microbiology, and biomaterials has only been explored at a superficial level. Strategic incorporation of biomaterial-based technologies may be necessary to fully characterize and capitalize on the rapidly growing repertoire of immunomodulatory molecules derived from commensal microbes. Bioengineers may be able to combine state-of-the-art delivery platforms with immunomodulatory cues from commensals to provide a more holistic approach to combating inflammatory disease. This interdisciplinary approach could potentiate a neoteric field of research - "commensal-inspired" therapeutics with the promise of revolutionizing the treatment of inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian Harriman
- University of California Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- University of California Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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27
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Castillo-Ramírez DA, Carrasco-Yépez MM, Rodríguez-Mera IB, Reséndiz-Albor AA, Rosales-Cruz É, Rojas-Hernández S. A 250-kDa glycoprotein of Naegleria fowleri induces protection and modifies the expression of α4β1 and LFA-1 on T and B lymphocytes in mouse meningitis model. Parasite Immunol 2021; 43:e12882. [PMID: 34570374 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this work were to evaluate the protective role of the 250-kDa polypeptide band of Naegleria fowleri. We designed an immunization strategy in Balb/c mice which were inoculated by i.n. route with an electrocuted 250-kDa polypeptide band of N. fowleri. We observed that the 250-kDa band induced 80% of protection, whereas the coadministration with Cholera Toxin induced 100% of protection. Moreover, high levels of IgA- and IgG-specific antibodies were detected by ELISA assay. We also analysed migration molecules (α4β1 and LFA-1) on T and B lymphocytes in nose-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), cervical lymph nodes (CN) and nasal passages (NP) by flow cytometry. We observed that the percentage of B cells (B220/α4β1) and T cells (CD4/α4β1) in NP were higher in all immunized groups compared with the other compartments analysed. Finally, we detected by immunohistochemistry ICAM-1 and V-CAM-1 in the nasal cavity. The immunization with the 250-kDa polypeptide band, protect mice against N. fowleri challenge and modifies migration molecules and their ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Castillo-Ramírez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Maricela Carrasco-Yépez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Grupo CyMA, UIICSE, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Itzel Berenice Rodríguez-Mera
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Aldo Arturo Reséndiz-Albor
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Érica Rosales-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Hematopatología, Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, México City, México
| | - Saúl Rojas-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de México, México
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28
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Abstract
Mucosal vaccines offer the potential to trigger robust protective immune responses at the predominant sites of pathogen infection. In principle, the induction of adaptive immunity at mucosal sites, involving secretory antibody responses and tissue-resident T cells, has the capacity to prevent an infection from becoming established in the first place, rather than only curtailing infection and protecting against the development of disease symptoms. Although numerous effective mucosal vaccines are in use, the major advances seen with injectable vaccines (including adjuvanted subunit antigens, RNA and DNA vaccines) have not yet been translated into licensed mucosal vaccines, which currently comprise solely live attenuated and inactivated whole-cell preparations. The identification of safe and effective mucosal adjuvants allied to innovative antigen discovery and delivery strategies is key to advancing mucosal vaccines. Significant progress has been made in resolving the mechanisms that regulate innate and adaptive mucosal immunity and in understanding the crosstalk between mucosal sites, and this provides valuable pointers to inform mucosal adjuvant design. In particular, increased knowledge on mucosal antigen-presenting cells, innate lymphoid cell populations and resident memory cells at mucosal sites highlights attractive targets for vaccine design. Exploiting these insights will allow new vaccine technologies to be leveraged to facilitate rational mucosal vaccine design for pathogens including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and for cancer.
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29
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Scholz J, Kuhrau J, Heinrich F, Heinz GA, Hutloff A, Worm M, Heine G. Vitamin A controls the allergic response through T follicular helper cell as well as plasmablast differentiation. Allergy 2021; 76:1109-1122. [PMID: 32895937 DOI: 10.1111/all.14581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin A regulates the adaptive immune response and a modulatory impact on type I allergy is discussed. The cellular mechanisms are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the vitamin A-responding specific lymphocyte reaction in vivo. METHODS Antigen-specific B and T lymphocytes were analyzed in an adoptive transfer airway inflammation mouse model in response to 9-cis retinoic acid (9cRA) and after lymphocyte-specific genetic targeting of the receptor RARα. Flow cytometry, quantitative PCR, next-generation sequencing, and specific Ig-ELISA were used to characterize the cells functionally. RESULTS Systemic 9cRA profoundly enhanced the specific IgA-secreting B-cell frequencies in the lung tissue and serum IgA while reducing serum IgE concentrations. RARα overexpression in antigen-specific B cells promoted differentiation into plasmablasts at the expense of germinal center B cells. In antigen-specific T cells, RARα strongly promoted the differentiation of T follicular helper cells followed by an enhanced germinal center response. CONCLUSIONS 9cRA signaling via RARα impacts the allergen-specific immunoglobulin response directly by the differentiation of B cells and indirectly by promoting T follicular helper cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Scholz
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute Berlin Germany
| | - Julia Kuhrau
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute Berlin Germany
- Institute of Immunology University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinCampus Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute Berlin Germany
| | - Gitta Anne Heinz
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute Berlin Germany
- Institute of Immunology University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinCampus Kiel Kiel Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinCampus Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Guido Heine
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinCampus Kiel Kiel Germany
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30
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Hao X, Zhong X, Sun X. The effects of all-trans retinoic acid on immune cells and its formulation design for vaccines. AAPS JOURNAL 2021; 23:32. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ramkumar S, Moon J, Golczak M, von Lintig J. LRAT coordinates the negative-feedback regulation of intestinal retinoid biosynthesis from β-carotene. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100055. [PMID: 33631212 PMCID: PMC8010212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing recognition that dietary lipids can affect the expression of genes encoding their metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and binding proteins. This mechanism plays a pivotal role in controlling tissue homeostasis of these compounds and avoiding diseases. The regulation of retinoid biosynthesis from β-carotene (BC) is a classic example for such an interaction. The intestine-specific homeodomain transcription factor (ISX) controls the activity of the vitamin A-forming enzyme β-carotene oxygenase-1 in intestinal enterocytes in response to increasing concentration of the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid. However, it is unclear how cells control the concentration of the signaling molecule in this negative-feedback loop. We demonstrate in mice that the sequestration of retinyl esters by the enzyme lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is central for this process. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches in mice, we observed that in LRAT deficiency, the transcription factor ISX became hypersensitive to dietary vitamin A and suppressed retinoid biosynthesis. The dysregulation of the pathway resulted in BC accumulation and vitamin A deficiency of extrahepatic tissues. Pharmacological inhibition of retinoid signaling and genetic depletion of the Isx gene restored retinoid biosynthesis in enterocytes. We provide evidence that the catalytic activity of LRAT coordinates the negative-feedback regulation of intestinal retinoid biosynthesis and maintains optimal retinoid levels in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasagan Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jean Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Van der Weken H, Cox E, Devriendt B. Advances in Oral Subunit Vaccine Design. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 9:1. [PMID: 33375151 PMCID: PMC7822154 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens invade the host at the intestinal surface. To protect against these enteropathogens, the induction of intestinal secretory IgA (SIgA) responses is paramount. While systemic vaccination provides strong systemic immune responses, oral vaccination is the most efficient way to trigger protective SIgA responses. However, the development of oral vaccines, especially oral subunit vaccines, is challenging due to mechanisms inherent to the gut. Oral vaccines need to survive the harsh environment in the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by low pH and intestinal proteases and need to reach the gut-associated lymphoid tissues, which are protected by chemical and physical barriers that prevent efficient uptake. Furthermore, they need to surmount default tolerogenic responses present in the gut, resulting in suppression of immunity or tolerance. Several strategies have been developed to tackle these hurdles, such as delivery systems that protect vaccine antigens from degradation, strong mucosal adjuvants that induce robust immune responses and targeting approaches that aim to selectively deliver vaccine antigens towards specific immune cell populations. In this review, we discuss recent advances in oral vaccine design to enable the induction of robust gut immunity and highlight that the development of next generation oral subunit vaccines will require approaches that combines these solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bert Devriendt
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.V.d.W.); (E.C.)
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Wibowo D, Jorritsma SHT, Gonzaga ZJ, Evert B, Chen S, Rehm BHA. Polymeric nanoparticle vaccines to combat emerging and pandemic threats. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120597. [PMID: 33360074 PMCID: PMC7834201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines are more advantageous than live attenuated vaccines in terms of safety and scale-up manufacture. However, this often comes as a trade-off to their efficacy. Over the years, polymeric nanoparticles have been developed to improve vaccine potency, by engineering their physicochemical properties to incorporate multiple immunological cues to mimic pathogenic microbes and viruses. This review covers recent advances in polymeric nanostructures developed toward particulate vaccines. It focuses on the impact of microbe mimicry (e.g. size, charge, hydrophobicity, and surface chemistry) on modulation of the nanoparticles’ delivery, trafficking, and targeting antigen-presenting cells to elicit potent humoral and cellular immune responses. This review also provides up-to-date progresses on rational designs of a wide variety of polymeric nanostructures that are loaded with antigens and immunostimulatory molecules, ranging from particles, micelles, nanogels, and polymersomes to advanced core-shell structures where polymeric particles are coated with lipids, cell membranes, or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wibowo
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Sytze H T Jorritsma
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Zennia Jean Gonzaga
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Benjamin Evert
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Shuxiong Chen
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan QLD, 4111, Australia.
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von Lintig J, Moon J, Lee J, Ramkumar S. Carotenoid metabolism at the intestinal barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158580. [PMID: 31794861 PMCID: PMC7987234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids exert a rich variety of physiological functions in mammals and are beneficial for human health. These lipids are acquired from the diet and metabolized to apocarotenoids, including retinoids (vitamin A and its metabolites). The small intestine is a major site for their absorption and bioconversion. From here, carotenoids and their metabolites are distributed within the body in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins to support retinoid signaling in peripheral tissues and photoreceptor function in the eyes. In recent years, much progress has been made in identifying carotenoid metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and binding proteins. A diet-responsive regulatory network controls the activity of these components and adapts carotenoid absorption and bioconversion to the bodily requirements of these lipids. Genetic variability in the genes encoding these components alters carotenoid homeostasis and is associated with pathologies. We here summarize the advanced state of knowledge about intestinal carotenoid metabolism and its impact on carotenoid and retinoid homeostasis of other organ systems, including the eyes, liver, and immune system. The implication of the findings for science-based intake recommendations for these essential dietary lipids is discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America.
| | - Jean Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Joan Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Srinivasagan Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
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35
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Snyder LM, Arora J, Kennett MJ, Weaver V, Cantorna MT. Retinoid Signaling in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Is Essential for Early Survival From Gastrointestinal Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:559635. [PMID: 33117344 PMCID: PMC7578243 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.559635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency (A–) increases morbidity and mortality to gastrointestinal (GI) infection. Blocking retinoid signaling (dominant negative retinoic acid receptor, dnRAR) in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC, IECdnRAR) had no effect on vitamin A absorption, the expression of tight junction proteins or the integrity of the barrier. Immune cells in the gut were present in normal frequencies in the IECdnRAR mice, with the exception of the T cell receptor (TCR)αβ+/CD8αα cells, which were significantly lower than in wildtype littermates. Challenging the IECdnRAR mice with dextran sodium sulfate to induce colitis or Citrobacter rodentium infection resulted in similar disease to wildtype littermates. Feeding mice vitamin A deficient diets reduced vitamin A status and the A– IECdnRAR mice developed more severe colitis and C. rodentium infection. In particular, retinoid signaling in the IEC was crucial for the A– host to survive early infection following C. rodentium. Treating A– mice with retinoic acid (RA) beginning on the day of infection protects most mice from early lethality. However, RA treatment of the A– IECdnRAR mice was ineffective for preventing lethality following C. rodentium infection. Retionid signaling in IEC is critical, especially when there are reduced levels of dietary vitamin A. IEC are direct targets of vitamin A for mounting early defense against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Snyder
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Juhi Arora
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mary J Kennett
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Veronika Weaver
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Margherita T Cantorna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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36
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Ho TT, Nguyen GT, Pham NB, Le VP, Trinh TBN, Vu TH, Phan HT, Conrad U, Chu HH. Plant-Derived Trimeric CO-26K-Equivalent Epitope Induced Neutralizing Antibodies Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2152. [PMID: 33042128 PMCID: PMC7524870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a causative agent of a highly infectious disease with a high mortality rate, especially in newborn piglets in Asian countries resulting in serious economic loss. The development of a rapid, safe, effective and cost-efficient vaccine is crucial to protect pigs against PEDV infection. The COE antigen is regarded to be a major target for subunit vaccine development against PEDV infection. The naturally assembled COE protein forms a homotrimeric structure. In the present study, we successfully produced a trimeric COE protein as a native structure by fusion with the C-terminal isoleucine zipper trimerization (GCN4pII) motif in Nicotiana benthamiana, with a high expression level shown via semi-quantified Western blots. Trimeric COE protein was purified via immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), and its trimeric structure was successfully demonstrated by a cross-linking reaction, and a native PAGE gel. A crude extract containing the COE trimer was used for evaluating immunogenicity in mice. After 1 and 2 booster immunizations, the crude extract containing trimeric COE elicited elevated PEDV-specific humoral responses, as demonstrated by ELISA and Western blot analyses. Notably, a virus-neutralizing antibody assay indicated that the neutralization activities of sera of mice vaccinated with the crude extract containing COE-GCN4pII were similar to those of mice vaccinated with a commercial vaccine. These results suggest that crude extract containing trimeric COE is a promising plant-based subunit vaccine candidate for PEDV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuong Thi Ho
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thu Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bich Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Van Phan Le
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | | | - Trang Huyen Vu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Trong Phan
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Udo Conrad
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Ha Hoang Chu
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
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37
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Maślanka T, Clapp B, Hoffman C, Robison A, Gregorczyk I, Pascual DW. Nasal vaccination of β7 integrin-deficient mice retains elevated IgA immunity. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:667-681. [PMID: 32479679 PMCID: PMC9810040 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the migration of lymphocytes to nonintestinal mucosal sites is fundamental to developing mucosal vaccination strategies. Studies have shown that nasal and oral immunization with cholera toxin (CT) stimulates, in addition to α4β7+ , the induction of αE (CD103)β7+ B cells. To determine the extent to which αE-associated β7 contributes to antigen (Ag)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A responses in the upper respiratory tract, nasal CT vaccination was performed in wild-type (wt) and β7-/- mice. At 16 days postprimary immunization, upper respiratory tract IgA responses were greater in β7-/- mice than in wt mice. IgA induction by distal β7-/- Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes and small intestinal lamina propria was minimal, in contrast to elevated gut IgA responses in wt mice. By 42 days postprimary immunization, β7-/- gut IgA responses were restored, and upper respiratory tract Ag-specific IgA responses were equivalent to those of wt mice. Examination of homing receptor expression and cell-sorting experiments revealed that β7-/- mice have increased usage of β1 and αE integrins by upper respiratory tract B cells, suggesting that alternative integrins can facilitate lymphocyte migration to the upper respiratory tract, especially in the absence of β7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Maślanka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-718, Poland
| | - Beata Clapp
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA
| | - Carol Hoffman
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA
| | - Amanda Robison
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Izabela Gregorczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn 10-718, Poland
| | - David W Pascual
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA
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38
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Xavier-Elsas P, Vieira BM, Masid-de-Brito D, Barradas MG, Gaspar-Elsas MIC. The Need to Consider Context in the Evaluation of Anti-infectious and Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin A and its Derivatives. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:871-878. [PMID: 30556501 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666181217095323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its derivatives (retinoids) act as potent regulators in many aspects of mammalian reproduction, development, repair, and maintenance of differentiated tissue functioning. Unlike other vitamins, Vitamin A and retinoids, which have hormonal actions, present significant toxicity, which plays roles in clinically relevant situations, such as hypervitaminosis A and retinoic acid ("differentiation") syndrome. Although clinical presentation is conspicuous in states of insufficient or excessive Vitamin A and retinoid concentration, equally relevant effects on host resistance to specific infectious agents, and in the general maintenance of immune homeostasis, may go unnoticed, because their expression requires either pathogen exposure or the presence of inflammatory co-morbidities. There is a vast literature on the roles played by retinoids in the maintenance of a tolerogenic, noninflammatory environment in the gut mucosa, which is considered by many investigators representative of a general role played by retinoids as anti-inflammatory hormones elsewhere. However, in the gut mucosa itself, as well as in the bone marrow and inflammatory sites, context determines whether one observes an anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory action of retinoids. Both interactions between specialized cell populations, and interactions between retinoids and other classes of mediators/regulators, such as cytokines and glucocorticoid hormones, must be considered as important factors contributing to this overall context. We review evidence from recent studies on mucosal immunity, granulocyte biology and respiratory allergy models, highlighting the relevance of these variables as well as their possible contributions to the observed outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Xavier-Elsas
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Vieira
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Masid-de-Brito
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monica G Barradas
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ferber S, Gonzalez RJ, Cryer AM, von Andrian UH, Artzi N. Immunology-Guided Biomaterial Design for Mucosal Cancer Vaccines. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903847. [PMID: 31833592 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer of mucosal tissues is a major cause of worldwide mortality for which only palliative treatments are available for patients with late-stage disease. Engineered cancer vaccines offer a promising approach for inducing antitumor immunity. The route of vaccination plays a major role in dictating the migratory pattern of lymphocytes, and thus vaccine efficacy in mucosal tissues. Parenteral immunization, specifically subcutaneous and intramuscular, is the most common vaccination route. However, this induces marginal mucosal protection in the absence of tissue-specific imprinting signals. To circumvent this, the mucosal route can be utilized, however degradative mucosal barriers must be overcome. Hence, vaccine administration route and selection of materials able to surmount transport barriers are important considerations in mucosal cancer vaccine design. Here, an overview of mucosal immunity in the context of cancer and mucosal cancer clinical trials is provided. Key considerations are described regarding the design of biomaterial-based vaccines that will afford antitumor immune protection at mucosal surfaces, despite limited knowledge surrounding mucosal vaccination, particularly aided by biomaterials and mechanistic immune-material interactions. Finally, an outlook is given of how future biomaterial-based mucosal cancer vaccines will be shaped by new discoveries in mucosal vaccinology, tumor immunology, immuno-therapeutic screens, and material-immune system interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Ferber
- Department of Medicine, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rodrigo J Gonzalez
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander M Cryer
- Department of Medicine, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Department of Medicine, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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40
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Du Y, Xia Y, Zou Y, Hu Y, Fu J, Wu J, Gao XD, Ma G. Exploiting the Lymph-Node-Amplifying Effect for Potent Systemic and Gastrointestinal Immune Responses via Polymer/Lipid Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13809-13817. [PMID: 31621292 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Parenteral vaccinations are not able to elicit effective systemic and gastrointestinal immune protection simultaneously because the lymphocytes are typically restricted to primed tissues. Although all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) was reported to trigger the gut-homing of immunocytes, the bioavailability and systemic immune responses remain limited for use in robust enteric vaccinations. Here, we show that co-delivery of atRA, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG), and antigens via engineered polymer/lipid nanoparticles (PLNPs) could exploit the amplifying function of draining lymph nodes (DLNs) for potent gut tropism and immune activations. After intramuscular injection, forming an immune-potentiated environment at the injection site, the PLNPs induced the designated transfer of primed dendritic cells (DCs) to the DLNs instead of the gastrointestinal tissues. Within the DLNs, the immune-potentiated environment markedly amplified the antigen presentation and homing receptor switch among immunocytes, which simultaneously stimulated the preferential dissipation of activated lymphocytes in the peripheral and gastrointestinal tissues, that is, exerted a DLN-amplifying effect. Compared with current atRA-containing formulations, the PLNPs not only boosted potent IgG secretions and T cell activations in the peripheral tissue but also provoked robust T cell homing and antigen-specific IgA levels in the gastrointestinal tracts in both ovalbumin and EV71 vaccinations. These data indicate that exploiting DLN amplification can stimulate potent systemic and gastrointestinal responses for more efficient enteric vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , P.R. China
| | - Yufei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Yongjuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Yuning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production and Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production and Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
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41
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Liggins MC, Li F, Zhang LJ, Dokoshi T, Gallo RL. Retinoids Enhance the Expression of Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide during Reactive Dermal Adipogenesis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 203:1589-1597. [PMID: 31420464 PMCID: PMC9233297 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A subset of dermal fibroblasts undergo rapid differentiation into adipocytes in response to infection and acutely produce the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene Camp Vitamin A and other retinoids inhibit adipogenesis yet can show benefit to skin disorders, such as cystic acne, that are exacerbated by bacteria. We observed that retinoids potently increase and sustain the expression of Camp in preadipocytes undergoing adipogenesis despite inhibition of markers of adipogenesis, such as Adipoq, Fabp4, and Rstn Retinoids increase cathelicidin in both mouse and human preadipocytes, but this enhancement of antimicrobial peptide expression did not occur in keratinocytes or a sebocyte cell line. Preadipocytes undergoing adipogenesis more effectively inhibited growth of Staphylococcus aureus when exposed to retinoic acid. Whole transcriptome analysis identified hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) as a mechanism through which retinoids mediate this response. These observations uncouple the lipid accumulation element of adipogenesis from the innate immune response and uncover a mechanism, to our knowledge previously unsuspected, that may explain therapeutic benefits of retinoids in some skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc C Liggins
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Fengwu Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Ling-Juan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tatsuya Dokoshi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
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42
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Vlasova AN, Takanashi S, Miyazaki A, Rajashekara G, Saif LJ. How the gut microbiome regulates host immune responses to viral vaccines. Curr Opin Virol 2019; 37:16-25. [PMID: 31163292 PMCID: PMC6863389 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The co-evolution of the microbiota and immune system has forged a mutually beneficial relationship. This relationship allows the host to maintain the balance between active immunity to pathogens and vaccines and tolerance to self-antigens and food antigens. In children living in low-income and middle-income countries, undernourishment and repetitive gastrointestinal infections are associated with the failure of oral vaccines. Intestinal dysbiosis associated with these environmental influences, as well as some host-related factors, compromises immune responses and negatively impacts vaccine efficacy. To understand how immune responses to viral vaccines can be optimally modulated, mechanistic studies of the relationship between the microbiome, host genetics, viral infections and the development and function of the immune system are needed. We discuss the potential role of the microbiome in modulating vaccine responses in the context of a growing understanding of the relationship between the gastrointestinal microbiota, host related factors (including histo-blood group antigens) and resident immune cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N Vlasova
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
| | - Sayaka Takanashi
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ayako Miyazaki
- Division of Viral Disease and Epidemiology, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Linda J Saif
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
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43
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Desalegn G, Pabst O. Inflammation triggers immediate rather than progressive changes in monocyte differentiation in the small intestine. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3229. [PMID: 31324779 PMCID: PMC6642215 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived circulating monocytes contribute to the replenishment and maintenance of the intestinal macrophage population. Intestinal monocytes undergo context-dependent phenotypic and functional adaptations to either maintain local immune balance or support intestinal inflammation. Here we use monocyte adoptive transfer to dissect the dynamics of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation in normal and inflamed small intestine. We find that during homeostasis CCR2 and β7-integrin mediate constitutive homing of monocytes to the gut. By contrast, intestinal inflammation increases monocyte recruitment via CCR2, but not β7-integrin. In the non-inflamed intestine, monocytes gradually differentiate to express genes typically associated with tolerogenic macrophage functions. Conversely, immediately upon entry into the inflamed intestine, monocytes adapt a different expression pattern in a partly Trem-1-dependent manner. Our observations suggest that inflammation fundamentally changes the kinetics and modalities of monocyte differentiation in tissues. Bone marrow-derived monocytes are recruited to the gut to replenish the local macrophage pool. Here the authors show that, while such replenishment constitutively occur under homeostasis, gut inflammation induces an immediate, Trem1-related transcription change to recruited monocyte to enable a context-dependent modulation of macrophage functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girmay Desalegn
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
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44
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Bezerra IPS, Costa-Souza BLS, Carneiro G, Ferreira LAM, de Matos Guedes HL, Rossi-Bergmann B. Nanoencapsulated retinoic acid as a safe tolerogenic adjuvant for intranasal vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis. Vaccine 2019; 37:3660-3667. [PMID: 31133469 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal, but not peripheral, vaccination with whole Leishmania amazonensis antigen (LaAg) effectively protects mice against leishmaniasis, likely through a tolerogenic mechanism. Given the crucial role of retinoic acid (RA) in CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation and mucosal tolerance, here we evaluated the capacity of RA to improve intranasal (i.n.) vaccination with LaAg. To prevent degradation and possible mucosa irritation, RA was encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (RA-SLN). Thus, BALB/c mice were given two i.n. doses of LaAg alone or in association with RA-SLN (LaAg/RA-SLN) prior to challenge with L. amazonensis. No histological sign of irritation or inflammation was produced in the nasal mucosa after RA-SLN administration. LaAg/RA-SLN vaccine was more effective in delaying lesion growth and reducing parasite burdens than LaAg alone (96% and 61% reduction, respectively). At two months after challenge, both vaccinated groups displayed similar T helper (Th) 1-skewed in situ cytokine responses, different from early infection where both Th1 and Th2 responses were suppressed, except for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β mRNA, that was higher in mice given RA-SLN. At the mucosa, RA-SLN promoted enhanced expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg population. In sum, these data show that RA-SLN is an effective and safe tolerogenic adjuvant for i.n. vaccination against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella P S Bezerra
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz L S Costa-Souza
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Carneiro
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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45
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Christensen D, Bøllehuus Hansen L, Leboux R, Jiskoot W, Christensen JP, Andersen P, Dietrich J. A Liposome-Based Adjuvant Containing Two Delivery Systems with the Ability to Induce Mucosal Immunoglobulin A Following a Parenteral Immunization. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1116-1126. [PMID: 30609354 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, enteric infections rank third among all causes of disease burdens, and vaccines able to induce a strong and long-lasting intestinal immune responses are needed. Parenteral immunization generally do not generate intestinal IgA. Recently, however, injections of retinoic acid (RA) dissolved in oil, administered multiple times before vaccination to precondition the vaccine-draining lymph nodes, enabled a parenteral vaccine strategy to induce intestinal IgA. As multiple injections of RA before vaccination is not an attractive strategy for clinical practice, we aimed to develop a "one injection" vaccine formulation that upon parenteral administration induced intestinal IgA. Our vaccine formulation contained two liposomal delivery systems. One delivery system, based on 1,2-distearoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine stabilized with PEG, was designed to exhibit fast drainage of RA to local lymph nodes to precondition these for a mucosal immune response before being subjected to the vaccine antigen. The other delivery system, based on the cationic liposomal adjuvant CAF01 stabilized with cholesterol, was optimized for prolonged delivery of the antigen by migratory antigen-presenting cells to the preconditioned lymph node. Combined we call the adjuvant CAF23. We show that CAF23, administered by the subcutaneous route induces an antigen specific intestinal IgA response, making it a promising candidate adjuvant for vaccines against enteric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Christensen
- Department for Infectious Disease Immunology , Statens Serum Institut , Artillerivej 5 , DK-2300 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Lasse Bøllehuus Hansen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction , Rigshospitalet , Juliane Maries Vej 6 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Romain Leboux
- Department for Infectious Disease Immunology , Statens Serum Institut , Artillerivej 5 , DK-2300 Copenhagen , Denmark
- Division of Bio-therapeutics , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , NL 2333 Leiden , Holland
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of Bio-therapeutics , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , NL 2333 Leiden , Holland
| | - Jan Pravsgaard Christensen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3C , DK-2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Peter Andersen
- Department for Infectious Disease Immunology , Statens Serum Institut , Artillerivej 5 , DK-2300 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jes Dietrich
- Department for Infectious Disease Immunology , Statens Serum Institut , Artillerivej 5 , DK-2300 Copenhagen , Denmark
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46
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A Novel Supplementation Approach to Enhance Host Response to Sublingual Vaccination. Sci Rep 2019; 9:715. [PMID: 30679470 PMCID: PMC6346055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sublingual immunization is emerging as an alternative to nasal immunization and induction of mucosal IgA responses. Using Bacillus anthracis edema toxin (EdTx) as an adjuvant, we previously showed that innate responses triggered after sublingual immunization could limit generation of IgA responses. We tested whether co-administration of a neutrophil elastase inhibitor (NEI) could rescue the ability of EdTx to induce broad antibody responses, including mucosal IgA. NEI supplementation of sublingual vaccines containing EdTx promoted antigen-specific serum IgA responses but also enhanced serum IgG1, and IgG2b responses. This enhancing effect of NEI did not extend to all antibody isotypes and IgG sublclasses, since NEI reduced serum IgE responses and did not affect IgG2a/c and IgG3 responses. NEI supplementation also promoted anti-Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) neutralizing antibodies and enhanced high affinity IgG1 and IgA antibodies. In addition to serum IgA, NEI supplementation stimulated antigen-specific mucosal IgA responses in the GI tract, and enhanced antigen-specific IgG responses in vaginal washes. Analysis of CD4+ T helper cell responses revealed that co-administration of NEI broadened the profile of cytokine responses, by stimulating Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tfh cytokines. We also noted that NEI had a higher stimulatory effect on IL-5, IL-10, IL-17 responses.
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47
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Joo Chan C, Richardo T, Lim RLH. Current Trend in Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy. Int Rev Immunol 2019; 37:279-290. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2018.1509967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Joo Chan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Timmy Richardo
- Department of Biomedicine, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences (i3L), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Renee Lay Hong Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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48
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Snyder LM, McDaniel KL, Tian Y, Wei CH, Kennett MJ, Patterson AD, Ross AC, Cantorna MT. Retinoic Acid Mediated Clearance of Citrobacter rodentium in Vitamin A Deficient Mice Requires CD11b+ and T Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3090. [PMID: 30671060 PMCID: PMC6331472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency affects over 250 million preschool-age children worldwide and is associated with increased childhood mortality and risk of developing enteric infections. Vitamin A deficient (A-) mice developed chronic Citrobacter rodentium infection. A single oral dose of retinoic acid (RA) at d7 post-infection was sufficient to induce clearance of the pathogen in A- mice. RA treatment of A- mice induced il17 expression in the colon. In A- mice, colonic IL-17 was primarily produced by CD11b+ cells; however, in A+ mice, the major source of colonic IL-17 was CD4+ T cells. To determine the cellular targets of vitamin A required for host resistance to C. rodentium, mice that express a dominant negative (dn) retinoic acid receptor (RAR) in T cells (T-dnRAR) or macrophage/neutrophils (LysM-dnRAR) were used. T-dnRAR mice had T cells that produced a robust intestinal IL-17 response and for 40% of the mice was enough to clear the infection. The remainder of the T-dnRAR mice developed a chronic infection. A- LysM-dnRAR mice developed early lethal infections with surviving mice becoming chronically infected. RA treatment of A- LysM-dnRAR mice was ineffective for inducing colonic IL-17 or clearing C. rodentium. Retinoid signaling is required in T cells and CD11b+ cells for complete elimination of enteric pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Snyder
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kaitlin L McDaniel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Hsin Wei
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mary J Kennett
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - A Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Margherita T Cantorna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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49
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Paul S, Williet N, Di Bernado T, Berger AE, Boschetti G, Filippi J, Del Tedesco E, Nancey S, Flourie B, Roblin X. Soluble Mucosal Addressin Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 and Retinoic Acid are Potential Tools for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Vedolizumab: A Proof of Concept Study. J Crohns Colitis 2018; 12:1089-1096. [PMID: 29860366 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vedolizumab [VDZ], a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting α4β7 integrin, is effective in induction and maintenance therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] who have not adequately responded to standard therapies, and high vedolizumab trough levels [VTLs] have been associated with clinical remission. The α4β7 integrin binds to endothelial MAdCAM-1 and is upregulated by retinoic acid [RA]. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between soluble MAdCAM-1 [sMAdCAM-1] and RA concentrations during clinical remission with VDZ maintenance therapy. METHODS In a retrospective study performed in IBD patients treated with VDZ, we measured VTL, sMAdCAM-1 and RA concentrations. RESULTS Among the 62 included patients [38 Crohn's disease], 24 relapsed and 38 stayed in remission from Weeks 10 to 30 after VDZ initiation. During this maintenance therapy, the median values of VTLs and RA were 15.4 µg/mL and 0.97 ng/mL, respectively, whereas sMAdCAM-1 was undetectable [<0.41 ng/mL] in 67.3% of samples. The positive predictive value [PPV] of undetectable sMAdCAM-1 for clinical remission was 80.0%, with a corresponding sensitivity of 74.6%. On multivariate analysis, undetectable sMAdCAM-1 and high VTLs [>19 µg/mL] were independently associated with clinical remission [OR = 7.5, p = 0.006 and OR = 2.2, p = 0.045, respectively]. The combination of sMAdCAM-1 < 0.41 ng/mL and VTL > 19 µg/mL was the best pharmacokinetic profile, with a PPV of 95.2%. Median values of sMAdCAM-1 and RA were significantly higher [p = 0.0001] before VDZ therapy than during the follow-up [sMAdCAM-1: 40.5 vs < 0.41 ng/mL; RA: 1.7 vs 0.97 ng/mL]. Only RA > 1.86 ng/mL before VDZ therapy was predictive of clinical remission during the follow-up (Area Under a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve [AUROC] = 80.7%). CONCLUSIONS Undetectable sMAdCAM-1 appears strongly associated with clinical remission during VDZ maintenance therapy. Combination of undetectable sMAdCAM-1 with high VTL is also potentially interesting for therapeutic drug monitoring. Baseline RA concentrations are predictive of clinical remission. These findings need to be confirmed in further prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Paul
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.,INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes [GIMAP], Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Nicolas Williet
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Thomas Di Bernado
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Anne-Emmanuelle Berger
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.,INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes [GIMAP], Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Gilles Boschetti
- INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Lyon Sud Hospital, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and Civic Hospices of Lyon, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Jerome Filippi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - Emilie Del Tedesco
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Stephane Nancey
- INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Lyon Sud Hospital, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and Civic Hospices of Lyon, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Bernard Flourie
- INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Lyon Sud Hospital, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and Civic Hospices of Lyon, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Xavier Roblin
- INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes [GIMAP], Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
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50
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Impact of Retinoic Acid on Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:3067126. [PMID: 30158832 PMCID: PMC6109577 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3067126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA) plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, organogenesis, and reproduction and a key role in mucosal immune responses. RA promotes dendritic cells to express CD103 and to produce RA, enhances the differentiation of Foxp3+ inducible regulatory T cells, and induces gut-homing specificity in T cells. Although vitamin A is crucial for maintaining homeostasis at the intestinal barrier and equilibrating immunity and tolerance, including gut dysbiosis, retinoids perform a wide variety of functions in many settings, such as the central nervous system, skin aging, allergic airway diseases, cancer prevention and therapy, and metabolic diseases. The mechanism of RA is interesting to explore as both a mucosal adjuvant and a combination therapy with other effective agents. Here, we review the effect of RA on innate and adaptive immunity with a special emphasis on inflammatory status.
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