1
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Li N, Shi B, Li Z, Han J, Sun J, Huang H, Yallowitz AR, Bok S, Xiao S, Wu Z, Chen Y, Xu Y, Qin T, Huang R, Zheng H, Shen R, Meng L, Greenblatt MB, Xu R. Schnurri-3 inhibition rescues skeletal fragility and vascular skeletal stem cell niche pathology in the OIM model of osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone Res 2024; 12:46. [PMID: 39183236 PMCID: PMC11345453 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disorder of low bone mass and increased fracture risk due to a range of genetic variants that prominently include mutations in genes encoding type I collagen. While it is well known that OI reflects defects in the activity of bone-forming osteoblasts, it is currently unclear whether OI also reflects defects in the many other cell types comprising bone, including defects in skeletal vascular endothelium or the skeletal stem cell populations that give rise to osteoblasts and whether correcting these broader defects could have therapeutic utility. Here, we find that numbers of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and skeletal arterial endothelial cells (AECs) are augmented in Col1a2oim/oim mice, a well-studied animal model of moderate to severe OI, suggesting that disruption of a vascular SSC niche is a feature of OI pathogenesis. Moreover, crossing Col1a2oim/oim mice to mice lacking a negative regulator of skeletal angiogenesis and bone formation, Schnurri 3 (SHN3), not only corrected the SSC and AEC phenotypes but moreover robustly corrected the bone mass and spontaneous fracture phenotypes. As this finding suggested a strong therapeutic utility of SHN3 inhibition for the treatment of OI, a bone-targeting AAV was used to mediate Shn3 knockdown, rescuing the Col1a2oim/oim phenotype and providing therapeutic proof-of-concept for targeting SHN3 for the treatment of OI. Overall, this work both provides proof-of-concept for inhibition of the SHN3 pathway and more broadly addressing defects in the stem/osteoprogenitor niche as is a strategy to treat OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Baohong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Haitao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Alisha R Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zuoxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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2
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Li Z, Shi B, Li N, Sun J, Zeng X, Huang R, Bok S, Chen X, Han J, Yallowitz AR, Debnath S, Cung M, Ling Z, Zhong CQ, Hong Y, Li G, Koenen M, Cohen P, Su X, Lu H, Greenblatt MB, Xu R. Bone controls browning of white adipose tissue and protects from diet-induced obesity through Schnurri-3-regulated SLIT2 secretion. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6697. [PMID: 39107299 PMCID: PMC11303806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The skeleton has been suggested to function as an endocrine organ controlling whole organism energy balance, however the mediators of this effect and their molecular links remain unclear. Here, utilizing Schnurri-3-/- (Shn3-/-) mice with augmented osteoblast activity, we show Shn3-/-mice display resistance against diet-induced obesity and enhanced white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Conditional deletion of Shn3 in osteoblasts but not adipocytes recapitulates lean phenotype of Shn3-/-mice, indicating this phenotype is driven by skeleton. We further demonstrate osteoblasts lacking Shn3 can secrete cytokines to promote WAT browning. Among them, we identify a C-terminal fragment of SLIT2 (SLIT2-C), primarily secreted by osteoblasts, as a Shn3-regulated osteokine that mediates WAT browning. Lastly, AAV-mediated Shn3 silencing phenocopies the lean phenotype and augmented glucose metabolism. Altogether, our findings establish a novel bone-fat signaling axis via SHN3 regulated SLIT2-C production in osteoblasts, offering a potential therapeutic target to address both osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baohong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiangchen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Alisha R Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shawon Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Cung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zheng Ling
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuan-Qi Zhong
- College of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yixang Hong
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mascha Koenen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xinhui Su
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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3
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Lin C, Yang YS, Ma H, Chen Z, Chen D, John AA, Xie J, Gao G, Shim JH. Engineering a targeted and safe bone anabolic gene therapy to treat osteoporosis in alveolar bone loss. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00426-X. [PMID: 38937970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar bone loss in elderly populations is highly prevalent and increases the risk of tooth loss, gum disease susceptibility, and facial deformity. Unfortunately, there are very limited treatment options available. Here, we developed a bone-targeted gene therapy that reverses alveolar bone loss in patients with osteoporosis by targeting the adaptor protein Schnurri-3 (SHN3). SHN3 is a promising therapeutic target for alveolar bone regeneration, because SHN3 expression is elevated in the mandible tissues of humans and mice with osteoporosis while deletion of SHN3 in mice greatly increases alveolar bone and tooth dentin mass. We used a bone-targeted recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) carrying an artificial microRNA (miRNA) that silences SHN3 expression to restore alveolar bone loss in mouse models of both postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis by enhancing WNT signaling and osteoblast function. In addition, rAAV-mediated silencing of SHN3 enhanced bone formation and collagen production of human skeletal organoids in xenograft mice. Finally, rAAV expression in the mandible was tightly controlled via liver- and heart-specific miRNA-mediated repression or via a vibration-inducible mechanism. Collectively, our results demonstrate that AAV-based bone anabolic gene therapy is a promising strategy to treat alveolar bone loss in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujiao Lin
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, Umass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Aijaz Ahmad John
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, Umass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, Umass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, Umass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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4
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Khotib J, Marhaeny HD, Miatmoko A, Budiatin AS, Ardianto C, Rahmadi M, Pratama YA, Tahir M. Differentiation of osteoblasts: the links between essential transcription factors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10257-10276. [PMID: 36420663 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2148749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts, cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow, are cells responsible for bone formation and remodeling. The differentiation of osteoblasts from MSCs is triggered by the expression of specific genes, which are subsequently controlled by pro-osteogenic pathways. Mature osteoblasts then differentiate into osteocytes and are embedded in the bone matrix. Dysregulation of osteoblast function can cause inadequate bone formation, which leads to the development of bone disease. Various key molecules are involved in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis, which are transcription factors. Previous studies have heavily examined the role of factors that control gene expression during osteoblastogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo. However, the systematic relationship of these transcription factors remains unknown. The involvement of ncRNAs in this mechanism, particularly miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, has been shown to influence transcriptional factor activity in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation. Here, we discuss nine essential transcription factors involved in osteoblast differentiation, including Runx2, Osx, Dlx5, β-catenin, ATF4, Ihh, Satb2, and Shn3. In addition, we summarize the role of ncRNAs and their relationship to these essential transcription factors in order to improve our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of osteoblast differentiation. Adequate exploration and understanding of the molecular mechanisms of osteoblastogenesis can be a critical strategy in the development of therapies for bone-related diseases.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Honey Dzikri Marhaeny
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Andang Miatmoko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aniek Setiya Budiatin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mahardian Rahmadi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yusuf Alif Pratama
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
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5
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Sun J, Hu L, Bok S, Yallowitz AR, Cung M, McCormick J, Zheng LJ, Debnath S, Niu Y, Tan AY, Lalani S, Morse KW, Shinn D, Pajak A, Hammad M, Suhardi VJ, Li Z, Li N, Wang L, Zou W, Mittal V, Bostrom MPG, Xu R, Iyer S, Greenblatt MB. A vertebral skeletal stem cell lineage driving metastasis. Nature 2023; 621:602-609. [PMID: 37704733 PMCID: PMC10829697 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Vertebral bone is subject to a distinct set of disease processes from long bones, including a much higher rate of solid tumour metastases1-4. The basis for this distinct biology of vertebral bone has so far remained unknown. Here we identify a vertebral skeletal stem cell (vSSC) that co-expresses ZIC1 and PAX1 together with additional cell surface markers. vSSCs display formal evidence of stemness, including self-renewal, label retention and sitting at the apex of their differentiation hierarchy. vSSCs are physiologic mediators of vertebral bone formation, as genetic blockade of the ability of vSSCs to generate osteoblasts results in defects in the vertebral neural arch and body. Human counterparts of vSSCs can be identified in vertebral endplate specimens and display a conserved differentiation hierarchy and stemness features. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that vSSCs contribute to the high rates of vertebral metastatic tropism observed in breast cancer, owing in part to increased secretion of the novel metastatic trophic factor MFGE8. Together, our results indicate that vSSCs are distinct from other skeletal stem cells and mediate the unique physiology and pathology of vertebrae, including contributing to the high rate of vertebral metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingling Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alisha R Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Cung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason McCormick
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ling J Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shawon Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuzhe Niu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian Y Tan
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarfaraz Lalani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyle W Morse
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Shinn
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony Pajak
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Hammad
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincentius Jeremy Suhardi
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Zou
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mathias P G Bostrom
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sravisht Iyer
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
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6
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Xu R, Li N, Shi B, Li Z, Han J, Sun J, Yallowitz A, Bok S, Xiao S, Wu Z, Chen Y, Xu Y, Qin T, Lin Z, Zheng H, Shen R, Greenblatt M. Schnurri-3 inhibition rescues skeletal fragility and vascular skeletal stem cell niche pathology in a mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3153957. [PMID: 37546916 PMCID: PMC10402191 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3153957/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disorder of low bone mass and increased fracture risk due to a range of genetic variants that prominently include mutations in genes encoding type collagen. While it is well known that OI reflects defects in the activity of bone-forming osteoblasts, it is currently unclear whether OI also reflects defects in the many other cell types comprising bone, including defects in skeletal vascular endothelium or the skeletal stem cell populations that give rise to osteoblasts and whether correcting these broader defects could have therapeutic utility. Here, we find that numbers of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and skeletal arterial endothelial cells (AECs) are augmented in Col1a2oim/oim mice, a well-studied animal model of moderate to severe OI, suggesting that disruption of a vascular SSC niche is a feature of OI pathogenesis. Moreover, crossing Col1a2oim/oim mice to mice lacking a negative regulator of skeletal angiogenesis and bone formation, Schnurri 3 (SHN3), not only corrected the SSC and AEC phenotypes but moreover robustly corrected the bone mass and spontaneous fracture phenotypes. As this finding suggested a strong therapeutic utility of SHN3 inhibition for the treatment of OI, a bone-targeting AAV was used to mediate Shn3 knockdown, rescuing the Col1a2oim/oim phenotype and providing therapeutic proof-of-concept for targeting SHN3 for the treatment of OI. Overall, this work both provides proof-of-concept for inhibition of the SHN3 pathway and more broadly addressing defects in the stem/osteoprogentior niche as is a strategy to treat OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University
| | | | | | - Zan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University
| | | | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shuang Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
| | - Zouxing Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
| | | | - Yan Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhiming Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
| | - Haiping Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
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7
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Yallowitz AR, Shim JH, Xu R, Greenblatt MB. An angiogenic approach to osteoanabolic therapy targeting the SHN3-SLIT3 pathway. Bone 2023; 172:116761. [PMID: 37030497 PMCID: PMC10198948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Often, disorders of impaired bone formation involve not only a cell intrinsic defect in the ability of osteoblasts to form bone, but moreover a broader dysfunction of the skeletal microenvironment that limits osteoblast activity. Developing approaches to osteoanabolic therapy that not only augment osteoblast activity but moreover correct this microenvironmental dysfunction may enable both more effective osteoanabolic therapies and also addressing a broader set of indications where vasculopathy or other forms microenvironment dysfunction feature prominently. We here review evidence that SHN3 acts as a suppressor of not only the cell intrinsic bone formation activity of osteoblasts, but moreover of the creation of a local osteoanabolic microenvironment. Mice lacking Schnurri3 (SHN3, HIVEP3) display a very robust increase in bone formation, that is due to de-repression of ERK pathway signaling in osteoblasts. In addition to loss of SHN3 augmenting the differentiation and bone formation activity of osteoblasts, loss of SHN3 increases secretion of SLIT3 by osteoblasts, which in a skeletal context acts as an angiogenic factor. Through this angiogenic activity, SLIT3 creates an osteoanabolic microenvironment, and accordingly treatment with SLIT3 can increase bone formation and enhance fracture healing. These features both validate vascular endothelial cells as a therapeutic target for disorders of low bone mass alongside the traditionally targeted osteoblasts and osteoclasts and indicate that targeting the SHN3/SLIT3 pathway provides a new mechanism to induce therapeutic osteoanabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha R Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, United States of America
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ren Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cells, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, United States of America; Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10065, United States of America.
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8
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Stavre Z, Kim JM, Yang YS, Nündel K, Chaugule S, Sato T, Park K, Gao G, Gravallese E, Shim JH. Schnurri-3 inhibition suppresses bone and joint damage in models of rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218019120. [PMID: 37141171 PMCID: PMC10175794 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218019120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to systemic and articular bone loss by activating bone resorption and suppressing bone formation. Despite current therapeutic agents, inflammation-induced bone loss in RA continues to be a significant clinical problem due to joint deformity and lack of articular and systemic bone repair. Here, we identify the suppressor of bone formation, Schnurri-3 (SHN3), as a potential target to prevent bone loss in RA. SHN3 expression in osteoblast-lineage cells is induced by proinflammatory cytokines. Germline deletion or conditional deletion of Shn3 in osteoblasts limits articular bone erosion and systemic bone loss in mouse models of RA. Similarly, silencing of SHN3 expression in these RA models using systemic delivery of a bone-targeting recombinant adenoassociated virus protects against inflammation-induced bone loss. In osteoblasts, TNF activates SHN3 via ERK MAPK-mediated phosphorylation and, in turn, phosphorylated SHN3 inhibits WNT/β-catenin signaling and up-regulates RANKL expression. Accordingly, knock-in of a mutation in Shn3 that fails to bind ERK MAPK promotes bone formation in mice overexpressing human TNF due to augmented WNT/β-catenin signaling. Remarkably, Shn3-deficient osteoblasts are not only resistant to TNF-induced suppression of osteogenesis, but also down-regulate osteoclast development. Collectively, these findings demonstrate SHN3 inhibition as a promising approach to limit bone loss and promote bone repair in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheni Stavre
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
| | - Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
| | - Kerstin Nündel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
| | - Sachin Chaugule
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
| | - Tadatoshi Sato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
| | - Ellen M. Gravallese
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01605
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9
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Oh WT, Yang YS, Xie J, Ma H, Kim JM, Park KH, Oh DS, Park-Min KH, Greenblatt MB, Gao G, Shim JH. WNT-modulating gene silencers as a gene therapy for osteoporosis, bone fracture, and critical-sized bone defects. Mol Ther 2023; 31:435-453. [PMID: 36184851 PMCID: PMC9931550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating osteoporosis and associated bone fractures remains challenging for drug development in part due to potential off-target side effects and the requirement for long-term treatment. Here, we identify recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated gene therapy as a complementary approach to existing osteoporosis therapies, offering long-lasting targeting of multiple targets and/or previously undruggable intracellular non-enzymatic targets. Treatment with a bone-targeted rAAV carrying artificial microRNAs (miRNAs) silenced the expression of WNT antagonists, schnurri-3 (SHN3), and sclerostin (SOST), and enhanced WNT/β-catenin signaling, osteoblast function, and bone formation. A single systemic administration of rAAVs effectively reversed bone loss in both postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis. Moreover, the healing of bone fracture and critical-sized bone defects was also markedly improved by systemic injection or transplantation of AAV-bound allograft bone to the osteotomy sites. Collectively, our data demonstrate the clinical potential of bone-specific gene silencers to treat skeletal disorders of low bone mass and impaired fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Taek Oh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 364 Plantation Street. LRB 217, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 364 Plantation Street. LRB 217, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Hong Ma
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 364 Plantation Street. LRB 217, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kwang-Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | | | - Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 364 Plantation Street. LRB 217, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street AS6-2049, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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10
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Sun J, Hu L, Bok S, Yallowitz AR, Cung M, McCormick J, Zheng LJ, Debnath S, Niu Y, Tan AY, Lalani S, Morse KW, Shinn D, Pajak A, Li Z, Li N, Xu R, Iyer S, Greenblatt MB. Discovery of a Vertebral Skeletal Stem Cell Driving Spinal Metastases. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2106142. [PMID: 36747772 PMCID: PMC9901027 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2106142/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Vertebral bone is subject to a distinct set of disease processes from those of long bones, notably including a much higher rate of solid tumor metastases that cannot be explained by passive blood flow distribution alone. The basis for this distinct biology of vertebral bone has remained elusive. Here we identify a vertebral skeletal stem cell (vSSC), co-expressing the transcription factors ZIC1 and PAX1 together with additional cell surface markers, whose expression profile and function are markedly distinct from those of long bone skeletal stem cells (lbSSCs). vSSCs display formal evidence of stemness, including self-renewal, label retention and sitting at the apex of their differentiation hierarchy. Lineage tracing of vSSCs confirms that they make a persistent contribution to multiple mature cell lineages in the native vertebrae. vSSCs are physiologic mediators of spine mineralization, as genetic blockade of the ability of vSSCs to generate osteoblasts results in defects in the vertebral neural arch and body. Human counterparts of vSSCs can be identified in vertebral endplate specimens and display a conserved differentiation hierarchy and stemness. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that vSSCs contribute to the high rates of vertebral metastatic tropism observed clinically in breast cancer. Specifically, when an organoid system is used to place both vSSCs and lbSSCs in an identical anatomic context, vSSC-lineage cells are more efficient than lbSSC-lineage cells at recruiting metastases, a phenotype that is due in part to increased secretion of the novel metastatic trophic factor MFGE8. Similarly, genetically targeting loss-of-function to the vSSC lineage results in reduced metastasis rates in the native vertebral environment. Taken together, vSSCs are distinct from other skeletal stem cells and mediate the unique physiology and pathology of vertebrae, including contributing to the high rate of metastatic seeding of the vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingling Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alisha R Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Cung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason McCormick
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ling J Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shawon Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuzhe Niu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian Y Tan
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarfaraz Lalani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyle W Morse
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Shinn
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anthony Pajak
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Sravisht Iyer
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
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11
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Yang Y, Yuan L, Cao H, Guo J, Zhou X, Zeng Z. Application and Molecular Mechanisms of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteoporosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6346-6367. [PMID: 36547094 PMCID: PMC9776574 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a chronic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass, destroyed bone microstructure, and increased bone fragility. Accumulative evidence shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes (Exos), exhibit great potential in the treatment of OP. However, the research on MSC-EVs in the treatment of OP is still in the initial stage. The potential mechanism has not been fully clarified. Therefore, by reviewing the relevant literature of MSC-EVs and OP in recent years, we summarized the latest application of bone targeted MSC-EVs in the treatment of OP and further elaborated the potential mechanism of MSC-EVs in regulating bone formation, bone resorption, bone angiogenesis, and immune regulation through internal bioactive molecules to alleviate OP, providing a theoretical basis for the related research of MSC-EVs in the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Yang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hong Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jianmin Guo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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12
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Saranya I, Akshaya R, Selvamurugan N. Regulation of Wnt signaling by non-coding RNAs during osteoblast differentiation. Differentiation 2022; 128:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Kim JM, Yang YS, Hong J, Chaugule S, Chun H, van der Meulen MCH, Xu R, Greenblatt MB, Shim JH. Biphasic regulation of osteoblast development via the ERK MAPK-mTOR pathway. eLife 2022; 11:78069. [PMID: 35975983 PMCID: PMC9417416 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports that osteogenic differentiation of skeletal progenitors is a key determinant of overall bone formation and bone mass. Despite extensive studies showing the function of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in osteoblast differentiation, none of these studies show in vivo evidence of a role for MAPKs in osteoblast maturation subsequent to lineage commitment. Here, we describe how the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in osteoblasts controls bone formation by suppressing the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We also show that, while ERK inhibition blocks the differentiation of osteogenic precursors when initiated at an early stage, ERK inhibition surprisingly promotes the later stages of osteoblast differentiation. Accordingly, inhibition of the ERK pathway using a small compound inhibitor or conditional deletion of the MAP2Ks Map2k1 (MEK1) and Map2k2 (MEK2), in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes, markedly increased bone formation due to augmented osteoblast differentiation. Mice with inducible deletion of the ERK pathway in mature osteoblasts also displayed similar phenotypes, demonstrating that this phenotype reflects continuous postnatal inhibition of late-stage osteoblast maturation. Mechanistically, ERK inhibition increases mitochondrial function and SGK1 phosphorylation via mTOR2 activation, which leads to osteoblast differentiation and production of angiogenic and osteogenic factors to promote bone formation. This phenotype was partially reversed by inhibiting mTOR. Our study uncovers a surprising dichotomy of ERK pathway functions in osteoblasts, whereby ERK activation promotes the early differentiation of osteoblast precursors, but inhibits the subsequent differentiation of committed osteoblasts via mTOR-mediated regulation of mitochondrial function and SGK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Jaehyoung Hong
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sachin Chaugule
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Hyonho Chun
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Marjolein C H van der Meulen
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States.,Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States
| | - Ren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell, New York, United States
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Horae Gene Therapy Center, Worcester, United States.,Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Worcester, United States
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14
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Greenblatt MB, Shim JH, Bok S, Kim JM. The Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Osteoblasts. J Bone Metab 2022; 29:1-15. [PMID: 35325978 PMCID: PMC8948490 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2022.29.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are evolutionarily ancient signal transducers of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that have long been linked to the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here, we review the physiological functions, biochemistry, upstream activators, and downstream substrates of the ERK pathway. ERK is activated in skeletal progenitors and regulates osteoblast differentiation and skeletal mineralization, with ERK serving as a key regulator of Runt-related transcription factor 2, a critical transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation. However, new evidence highlights context-dependent changes in ERK MAPK pathway wiring and function, indicating a broader set of physiological roles associated with changes in ERK pathway components or substrates. Consistent with this importance, several human skeletal dysplasias are associated with dysregulation of the ERK MAPK pathway, including neurofibromatosis type 1 and Noonan syndrome. The continually broadening array of drugs targeting the ERK pathway for the treatment of cancer and other disorders makes it increasingly important to understand how interference with this pathway impacts bone metabolism, highlighting the importance of mouse studies to model the role of the ERK MAPK pathway in bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical, New York, NY,
USA
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA,
USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, and Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA,
USA
| | - Seoyeon Bok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA,
USA
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15
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Houde N, Beuret L, Bonaud A, Fortier-Beaulieu SP, Truchon-Landry K, Aoidi R, Pic É, Alouche N, Rondeau V, Schlecht-Louf G, Balabanian K, Espéli M, Charron J. Fine-tuning of MEK signaling is pivotal for limiting B and T cell activation. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110223. [PMID: 35021072 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MEK1 and MEK2, the only known activators of ERK, are attractive therapeutic candidates for both cancer and autoimmune diseases. However, how MEK signaling finely regulates immune cell activation is only partially understood. To address this question, we specifically delete Mek1 in hematopoietic cells in the Mek2 null background. Characterization of an allelic series of Mek mutants reveals the presence of distinct degrees of spontaneous B cell activation, which are inversely proportional to the levels of MEK proteins and ERK activation. While Mek1 and Mek2 null mutants have a normal lifespan, 1Mek1 and 1Mek2 mutants retaining only one functional Mek1 or Mek2 allele in hematopoietic cell lineages die from glomerulonephritis and lymphoproliferative disorders, respectively. This establishes that the fine-tuning of the ERK/MAPK pathway is critical to regulate B and T cell activation and function and that each MEK isoform plays distinct roles during lymphocyte activation and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Houde
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada
| | - Laurent Beuret
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada
| | - Amélie Bonaud
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris 75010, France; OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Simon-Pierre Fortier-Beaulieu
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada
| | - Kim Truchon-Landry
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada
| | - Rifdat Aoidi
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada
| | - Émilie Pic
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada
| | - Nagham Alouche
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris 75010, France; OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Vincent Rondeau
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris 75010, France; OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Géraldine Schlecht-Louf
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Clamart 92140, France
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris 75010, France; OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Marion Espéli
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris 75010, France; OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Jean Charron
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology Axis), L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9, Rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3 Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry & Pathology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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16
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Cui Y, Guo Y, Kong L, Shi J, Liu P, Li R, Geng Y, Gao W, Zhang Z, Fu D. A bone-targeted engineered exosome platform delivering siRNA to treat osteoporosis. Bioact Mater 2021; 10:207-221. [PMID: 34901540 PMCID: PMC8636739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex pathogenesis of osteoporosis includes excessive bone resorption, insufficient bone formation and inadequate vascularization, a combination which is difficult to completely address with conventional therapies. Engineered exosomes carrying curative molecules show promise as alternative osteoporosis therapies, but depend on specifically-functionalized vesicles and appropriate engineering strategies. Here, we developed an exosome delivery system based on exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The engineered exosomes BT-Exo-siShn3, took advantage of the intrinsic anti-osteoporosis function of these special MSC-derived exosomes and collaborated with the loaded siRNA of the Shn3 gene to enhance the therapeutic effects. Modification of a bone-targeting peptide endowed the BT-Exo-siShn3 an ability to deliver siRNA to osteoblasts specifically. Silencing of the osteoblastic Shn3 gene enhanced osteogenic differentiation, decreased autologous RANKL expression and thereby inhibited osteoclast formation. Furthermore, Shn3 gene silencing increased production of SLIT3 and consequently facilitated vascularization, especially formation of type H vessels. Our study demonstrated that BT-Exo-siShn3 could serve as a promising therapy to kill three birds with one stone and implement comprehensive anti-osteoporosis effects. A bone-targeted engineered exosome platform BT-Exo-siShn3 could deliver siRNA to osteoblasts specifically. Comprehensive anti-osteoporosis effects were implemented based on the synchronization of exosome-carrier and siRNA-cargo. The BT-Exo-siShn3 platform was the first drug delivery system using exosomes produced by iPSC-derivatives. This study proposed a versatile paradigm of targeted therapies for different diseases based on iPSC-derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430077, PR China
| | - Li Kong
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China
| | - Jingyu Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430077, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430077, PR China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, PR China
| | - Yongtao Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, PR China
| | - Weihang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430077, PR China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, PR China
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17
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Lin Z, Xiong Y, Hu Y, Chen L, Panayi AC, Xue H, Zhou W, Yan C, Hu L, Xie X, Sun Y, Mi B, Liu G. Polydatin Ameliorates Osteoporosis via Suppression of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:730362. [PMID: 34660587 PMCID: PMC8511501 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Polydatin (POL) is a natural active compound found in Polygonum multiflorum with reported anti-oxidant and antiviral effects. With the aging population there has been a stark increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP), rendering it an imposing public health issue. The potential effect of POL as a therapy for OP remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to investigate the therapeutic effect of POL in OP and to elucidate the underlying signaling mechanisms in its regulatory process. Methods: The POL-targeted genes interaction network was constructed using the Search Tool for Interacting Chemicals (STITCH) database, and the shared Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Pathways involved in OP and POL-targeted genes were identified. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to evaluate the osteogenic genes and the phosphorylation level in pre-osteoblastic cells. In addition, ALP and alizarin red staining was used to test the effect of POL on extracellular matrix mineralization. Results: Twenty-seven KEGG pathways shared between POL-related genes and OP were identified. MAPK signaling was identified as a potential key mechanism. In vitro results highlighted a definitive anti-OP effect of POL. The phosphorylation levels of MAPK signaling, including p38α, ERK1/2, and JNK, were significantly decreased in this regulatory process. Conclusion: Our results suggest that POL has a promising therapeutic effect in OP. MAPK signaling may be the underlying mechanism in this effect, providing a novel sight in discovering new drugs for OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xudong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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18
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Soini L, Leysen S, Crabbe T, Davis J, Ottmann C. The identification and structural analysis of potential 14-3-3 interaction sites on the bone regulator protein Schnurri-3. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2021; 77:254-261. [PMID: 34341191 PMCID: PMC8329713 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x21006658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins regulate many intracellular processes and their ability to bind in subtly different fashions to their numerous partner proteins provides attractive drug-targeting points for a range of diseases. Schnurri-3 is a suppressor of mouse bone formation and a candidate target for novel osteoporosis therapeutics, and thus it is of interest to determine whether it interacts with 14-3-3. In this work, potential 14-3-3 interaction sites on mammalian Schnurri-3 were identified by an in silico analysis of its protein sequence. Using fluorescence polarization, isothermal titration calorimetry and X-ray crystallography, it is shown that synthetic peptides containing either phosphorylated Thr869 or Ser542 can indeed interact with 14-3-3, with the latter capable of forming an interprotein disulfide bond with 14-3-3σ: a hitherto unreported phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Soini
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, UCB Celltech, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Seppe Leysen
- Department of Structural Biology and Biophysics, UCB Celltech, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Crabbe
- New Targets, UCB Celltech, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Davis
- Department of Chemistry, UCB Celltech, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Ottmann
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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19
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Beuret L, Fortier-Beaulieu SP, Rondeau V, Roy S, Houde N, Balabanian K, Espéli M, Charron J. Mek1 and Mek2 Functional Redundancy in Erythropoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639022. [PMID: 34386488 PMCID: PMC8353236 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have established the crucial role of the extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation. MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2. However, whether MEK1 and MEK2 differentially regulate these processes is unknown. To define the function of Mek genes in the activation of the ERK pathway during hematopoiesis, we generated a mutant mouse line carrying a hematopoietic-specific deletion of the Mek1 gene function in a Mek2 null background. Inactivation of both Mek1 and Mek2 genes resulted in death shortly after birth with a severe anemia revealing the essential role of the ERK pathway in erythropoiesis. Mek1 and Mek2 functional ablation also affected lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis. In contrast, mice that retained one functional Mek1 (1Mek1) or Mek2 (1Mek2) allele in hematopoietic cells were viable and fertile. 1Mek1 and 1Mek2 mutants showed mild signs of anemia and splenomegaly, but the half-life of their red blood cells and the response to erythropoietic stress were not altered, suggesting a certain level of Mek redundancy for sustaining functional erythropoiesis. However, subtle differences in multipotent progenitor distribution in the bone marrow were observed in 1Mek1 mice, suggesting that the two Mek genes might differentially regulate early hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Beuret
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Simon-Pierre Fortier-Beaulieu
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Rondeau
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Roy
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Houde
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Marion Espéli
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Jean Charron
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Oncology), Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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20
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Baek D, Park KH, Lee KM, Jung S, Joung S, Kim J, Lee JW. Ubiquitin-specific protease 53 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:238. [PMID: 33664230 PMCID: PMC7933275 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin protease pathway plays important role in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) differentiation, including osteogenesis. However, the function of deubiquitinating enzymes in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of ubiquitin-specific protease 53 (USP53) in the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Based on re-analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus database, USP53 was selected as a positive regulator of osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs. Overexpression of USP53 by lentivirus enhanced osteogenesis in hBMSCs, whereas knockdown of USP53 by lentivirus inhibited osteogenesis in hBMSCs. In addition, USP53 overexpression increased the level of active β-catenin and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. This effect was reversed by the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor DKK1. Mass spectrometry showed that USP53 interacted with F-box only protein 31 (FBXO31) to promote proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. Inhibition of the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by FBXO31 was partially rescued by USP53 overexpression. Animal studies showed that hBMSCs with USP53 overexpression significantly promoted bone regeneration in mice with calvarial defects. These results suggested that USP53 may be a target for gene therapy for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Baek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sujin Jung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Soyeong Joung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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21
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Jeong BC, Oh SH, Lee MN, Koh JT. Macrophage-Stimulating Protein Enhances Osteoblastic Differentiation via the Recepteur d'Origine Nantais Receptor and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway. J Bone Metab 2020; 27:267-279. [PMID: 33317230 PMCID: PMC7746481 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2020.27.4.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP; also known as macrophage stimulating 1 and hepatocyte growth factor-like protein) has been shown to play a crucial role in calcium homeostasis and skeletal mineralization in zebrafish. However, the precise role of MSP in osteoblasts has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of MSP on osteoblast differentiation of pre-osteoblast cells. Methods Osteoblast differentiation upon MSP treatment was evaluated by analyzing the osteogenic gene expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralized nodule formation. To assess changes in the MSP-RON signaling pathway, knockdown of Ron gene was performed using siRNA and pharmacological inhibitor treatment. Results Expression of the tyrosine kinase receptor RON, a receptor of MSP, was found to be significantly increased during osteoblast differentiation. MSP treatment significantly upregulated the expression of osteogenic marker genes and remarkably increased ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation. Conversely, knockdown of Ron significantly attenuated the expression of osteogenic marker genes and ALP activity that were induced upon MSP treatment. Mechanistically, MSP treatment significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK); however, additional treatment with the selective ERK inhibitor PD98059 attenuated the effect of MSP on osteoblast differentiation. Conclusions Altogether, these results indicate that the MSP-RON axis is involved in promoting osteoblast differentiation via activation of the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Chul Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sin-Hye Oh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Mi Nam Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Hard-Tissue Biointerface Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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22
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Park PSU, Mun SH, Zeng SL, Kim H, Bae S, Park-Min KH. NRF2 Is an Upstream Regulator of MYC-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis and Pathological Bone Erosion. Cells 2020; 9:E2133. [PMID: 32967239 PMCID: PMC7564846 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the sole bone-resorbing cells that play an essential role in homeostatic bone remodeling and pathogenic bone destruction such as inflammatory arthritis. Pharmacologically targeting osteoclasts has been a promising approach to alleviating bone disease, but there remains room for improvement in mitigating drug side effects and enhancing cell specificity. Recently, we demonstrated the crucial role of MYC and its downstream effectors in driving osteoclast differentiation. Despite these advances, upstream regulators of MYC have not been well defined. In this study, we identify nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor known to regulate the expression of phase II antioxidant enzymes, as a novel upstream regulator of MYC. NRF2 negatively regulates receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis through the ERK and p38 signaling-mediated suppression of MYC transcription. Furthermore, the ablation of MYC in osteoclasts reverses the enhanced osteoclast differentiation and activity in NRF2 deficiency in vivo and in vitro in addition to protecting NRF2-deficient mice from pathological bone loss in a murine model of inflammatory arthritis. Our findings indicate that this novel NRF2-MYC axis could be instrumental for the fine-tuning of osteoclast formation and provides additional ways in which osteoclasts could be therapeutically targeted to prevent pathological bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sang Uk Park
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
| | - Se Hwan Mun
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
| | - Steven L. Zeng
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
| | - Haemin Kim
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Seyeon Bae
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
- BCMB Allied Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
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23
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Meguro A, Yamane T, Takeuchi M, Miyake M, Fan Q, Zhao W, Wang IJ, Mizuki Y, Yamada N, Nomura N, Tsujikawa A, Matsuda F, Hosoda Y, Saw SM, Cheng CY, Tsai TH, Yoshida M, Iijima Y, Teshigawara T, Okada E, Ota M, Inoko H, Mizuki N. Genome-Wide Association Study in Asians Identifies Novel Loci for High Myopia and Highlights a Nervous System Role in Its Pathogenesis. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:1612-1624. [PMID: 32428537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify novel susceptibility loci for high myopia. DESIGN Genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by replication and meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS A total of 14 096 samples from East and Southeast Asian populations (2549 patients with high myopia and 11 547 healthy controls). METHODS We performed a GWAS in 3269 Japanese individuals (1668 with high myopia and 1601 control participants), followed by replication analysis in a total of 10 827 additional samples (881 with high myopia and 9946 control participants) from Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. To confirm the biological role of the identified loci in the pathogenesis of high myopia, we performed functional annotation and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We evaluated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with high myopia and GO terms enriched among genes identified in the current study. RESULTS We identified 9 loci with genome-wide significance (P < 5.0 × 10-8). Three loci were previously reported myopia-related loci (ZC3H11B on 1q41, GJD2 on 15q14, and RASGRF1 on 15q25.1), and the other 6 were novel (HIVEP3 on 1p34.2, NFASC/CNTN2 on 1q32.1, CNTN4/CNTN6 on 3p26.3, FRMD4B on 3p14.1, LINC02418 on 12q24.33, and AKAP13 on 15q25.3). The GO analysis revealed a significant role of the nervous system related to synaptic signaling, neuronal development, and Ras/Rho signaling in the pathogenesis of high myopia. CONCLUSIONS The current study identified 6 novel loci associated with high myopia and demonstrated an important role of the nervous system in the disease pathogenesis. Our findings give new insight into the genetic factors underlying myopia, including high myopia, by connecting previous findings and allowing for a clarified interpretation of the cause and pathophysiologic features of myopia at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Meguro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamane
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaki Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Qiao Fan
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wanting Zhao
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - I-Jong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Mizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Yamada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoko Nomura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Hosoda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tzu-Hsun Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masao Yoshida
- Department of Public Health, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Iijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aoto Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Teshigawara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Yokosuka Chuoh Eye Clinic, Yokosuka, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Tsurumi Chuoh Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eiichi Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okada Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masao Ota
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Molecular Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Mizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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Zhao Y, Xie L. Unique bone marrow blood vessels couple angiogenesis and osteogenesis in bone homeostasis and diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1474:5-14. [PMID: 32242943 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessels serve as a versatile transport system and play crucial roles in organ development, regeneration, and stem cell behavior. In the skeletal system, certain capillaries support perivascular stem cells or osteoprogenitor cells and thereby regulate bone formation. Recent studies reported that a specialized capillary subtype, termed type H vessels, is shown to couple angiogenesis and osteogenesis in rodents and humans. They can be distinguished by specific cell surface markers, as the endothelial cells in the metaphysis and endosteum highly express the junctional protein CD31 and the sialoglycoprotein endomucin. Here, we provide an overview of the role of type H vessels in bone homeostasis and summarize their linkage with various cytokines to control bone cell behavior and bone formation. We also discuss the potential clinical application for bone disorders by targeting these specific vessels according to their physiological and pathobiological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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25
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Li Y, Liu Z, Tang Y, Feng W, Zhao C, Liao J, Zhang C, Chen H, Ren Y, Dong S, Liu Y, Hu N, Huang W. Schnurri-3 regulates BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells through Runx2 and VEGF. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:72. [PMID: 31996667 PMCID: PMC6989499 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) are multiple potent progenitor cells (MPCs) that can differentiate into different lineages (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cells) and have a favorable capacity for angiogenesis. Schnurri-3 (Shn3) is a large zinc finger protein related to Drosophila Shn, which is a critical mediator of postnatal bone formation. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), one of the most potent osteogenic BMPs, can strongly upregulate various osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related factors in MSCs. It remains unclear how Shn3 is involved in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation coupled with angiogenesis in hAMSCs. In this investigation, we conducted a comprehensive study to identify the effect of Shn3 on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in hAMSCs and analyze the responsible signaling pathway. The results from in vitro and in vivo experimentation show that Shn3 notably inhibits BMP9-induced early and late osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, expression of osteogenesis-related factors, and subcutaneous ectopic bone formation from hAMSCs in nude mice. Shn3 also inhibited BMP9-induced angiogenic differentiation, expression of angiogenesis-related factors, and subcutaneous vascular invasion in mice. Mechanistically, we found that Shn3 prominently inhibited the expression of BMP9 and activation of the BMP/Smad and BMP/MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, we further found activity on runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the target genes shared by BMP and Shn3 signaling pathways. Silencing Shn3 could dramatically enhance the expression of Runx2, which directly regulates the downstream target VEGF to couple osteogenic differentiation with angiogenesis. To summarize, our findings suggested that Shn3 significantly inhibited the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in hAMSCs. The effect of Shn3 was primarily seen through inhibition of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway and depressed expression of Runx2, which directly regulates VEGF, which couples BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ziming Liu
- Institute of Sports Medicine of China, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junyi Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Youliang Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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26
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Advances in the understanding of the role of type-H vessels in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos 2020; 15:5. [PMID: 31897773 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-019-0677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis in the bone and its role in bone metabolic plays a fundamental role in the pathology of osteoporosis. Type-H vessels have been reported to exhibit distinct morphological, molecular, and functional properties. This review is aimed to illustrate the relationship between type-H vessels in the bone and bone metabolism. METHODS This manuscript reviews the articles on in vitro and in vivo experiments concerning the topic of type-H vessels and osteoporosis, and other researches in the area published by the author within the time frame from 2014 to 2019. RESULTS Current literatures have demonstrated that age-related loss of type-H vessels plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Impaired bone mass can be reserved by enhancing the formation of type-H vessels. Activation of the Notch and Hif-1α signaling pathway in bone tissue and exogenous PDGF-BB treatment increase the number of type-H vessels, along with the restoration of bone mass. The effects of osteoblasts and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on type-H vessels remain to be further studied. CONCLUSIONS These studies support unique functions for type-H vessels in the bone that may enable new therapeutic approaches to osteoporosis.
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27
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Hu W, He J, Qi L, Wang C, Yue H, Gu J, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Association of HIVEP3 Gene and Lnc RNA with Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Content and Hip Geometry by Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Chinese People. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:6929073. [PMID: 33110425 PMCID: PMC7579678 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6929073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE GWAS has successfully located and analyzed the pathogenic genes of osteoporosis. Genetic studies have found that heritability of BMD is 50%-85% while the other half is caused by hip geometric parameters and tissue horizontal characteristics. This study was designed to study the GWAS of osteoporosis in Shanghai Han population. METHODS We collected 1224 unrelated healthy young men (20-40 years old), young women (20-40 years old), and postmenopausal women (over 50 years old) who lived in Shanghai. BMD and hip geometric parameters were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The genomic DNA of peripheral blood was extracted and analyzed by using Illumina Human Asian Screening Array-24 + v1.0 (ASA) gene chip. Statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationship between these SNPs and BMD and hip geometric parameters. RESULTS A total of 1155 subjects were included. We found that one SNP rs35282355 located in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein 3 gene (HIVEP3) and another 25 SNPs located in LINC RNA were significantly correlated with bone mineral content (BMC) in the femoral neck (P= 2.30 × 10-9, P < 5 × 10-8). We also found that the correlation between SNP rs35282355 and cross-sectional area (CSA) of hip geometry was a significant marginal statistical difference (P = 5.95 × 10-8). CONCLUSIONS Through this study, we found that HIVEP3 gene and LINC RNA are potentially correlated with femoral neck BMC. These results provide important information for us to further understand the etiology and genetic pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In the future, we will expand the sample size to verify these loci and carry out molecular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hu
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jinwei He
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Luyue Qi
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hua Yue
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jiemei Gu
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Diseases, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
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Hofstaetter JG, Misof BM, Jones DC, Zoehrer R, Blouin S, Schueler C, Paschalis EP, Erben RG, Weinkamer R, Klaushofer K, Roschger P. Biomechanical and Bone Material Properties of Schnurri-3 Null Mice. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10226. [PMID: 31768487 PMCID: PMC6874182 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Schnurri‐3 (Shn3) is an essential regulator of postnatal skeletal remodeling. Shn3‐deficient mice (Shn3–/–) have high bone mass; however, their bone mechanical and material properties have not been investigated to date. We performed three‐point bending of femora, compression tests of L3 vertebrae. We also measured intrinsic material properties, including bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) and osteocyte lacunae section (OLS) characteristics by quantitative backscatter electron imaging, as well as collagen cross‐linking by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy of femora from Shn3–/– and WT mice at different ages (6 weeks, 4 months, and 18 months). Moreover, computer modeling was performed for the interpretation of the BMDD outcomes. Femora and L3 vertebrae from Shn3–/– aged 6 weeks revealed increased ultimate force (2.2‐ and 3.2‐fold, p < .01, respectively). Mineralized bone volume at the distal femoral metaphysis was about twofold (at 6 weeks) to eightfold (at 4 and 18 months of age) in Shn3–/– (p < .001). Compared with WT, the average degree of trabecular bone mineralization was similar at 6 weeks, but increased at 4 and 18 months of age (+12.6% and +7.7%, p < .01, respectively) in Shn3–/–. The analysis of OLS characteristics revealed a higher OLS area for Shn3–/– versus WT at all ages (+16%, +23%, +21%, respectively, p < .01). The collagen cross‐link ratio was similar between groups. We conclude that femora and vertebrae from Shn3–/– had higher ultimate force in mechanical testing. Computer modeling demonstrated that in cases of highly increased bone volume, the average degree of bone matrix mineralization can be higher than in WT bone, which was actually measured in the older Shn3–/– groups. The area of 2D osteocyte lacunae sections was also increased in Shn3‐deficiency, which could only partly be explained by larger remnant areas of primary cortical bone. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen G Hofstaetter
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria.,Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna Speising Vienna Austria
| | - Barbara M Misof
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria
| | - Dallas C Jones
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - Ruth Zoehrer
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria
| | - Stéphane Blouin
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria
| | - Christiane Schueler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria
| | - Eleftherios P Paschalis
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria
| | - Richard Weinkamer
- Department of Biomaterials Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Potsdam Germany
| | - Klaus Klaushofer
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria
| | - Paul Roschger
- 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling Vienna Austria
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29
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Yang YS, Xie J, Wang D, Kim JM, Tai PWL, Gravallese E, Gao G, Shim JH. Bone-targeting AAV-mediated silencing of Schnurri-3 prevents bone loss in osteoporosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2958. [PMID: 31273195 PMCID: PMC6609711 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAi-based bone anabolic gene therapy has demonstrated initial success, but many practical challenges are still unmet. Here, we demonstrate that a recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (rAAV9) is highly effective for transducing osteoblast lineage cells in the bone. The adaptor protein Schnurri-3 (SHN3) is a promising therapeutic target for osteoporosis, as deletion of shn3 prevents bone loss in osteoporotic mice and short-term inhibition of shn3 in adult mice increases bone mass. Accordingly, systemic and direct joint administration of an rAAV9 vector carrying an artificial-microRNA that targets shn3 (rAAV9-amiR-shn3) in mice markedly enhanced bone formation via augmented osteoblast activity. Additionally, systemic delivery of rAAV9-amiR-shn3 in osteoporotic mice counteracted bone loss and enhanced bone mechanical properties. Finally, we rationally designed a capsid that exhibits improved specificity to bone by grafting the bone-targeting peptide motif (AspSerSer)6 onto the AAV9-VP2 capsid protein. Collectively, our results identify a bone-targeting rAAV-mediated gene therapy for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Phillip W L Tai
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Ellen Gravallese
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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30
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Lou J, Han D, Yu H, Yu G, Jin M, Kim SJ. Cytoprotective Effect of Taurine against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in UMR-106 Cells through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:584-590. [PMID: 30060293 PMCID: PMC6254645 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis development is closely associated with oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Taurine has potential antioxidant effects, but its role in osteoblasts is not clearly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effects and mechanisms of actions of taurine on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in osteoblast cells. UMR-106 cells were treated with taurine prior to H2O2 exposure. After treatment, cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular ROS production, malondialdehyde content, and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity were measured. We also investigated the protein levels of β-catenin, ERK, CHOP and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) along with the mRNA levels of Nrf2 downstream antioxidants. The results showed that pretreatment of taurine could reverse the inhibition of cell viability and suppress the induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner: taurine significantly reduced H2O2-induced oxidative damage and expression of CHOP, while it induced protein expression of Nrf2 and β-catenin and activated ERK phosphorylation. DKK1, a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, significantly suppressed the taurine-induced Nrf2 signaling pathway and increased CHOP. Activation of ERK signaling mediated by taurine in the presence of H2O2 was significantly inhibited by DKK1. These data demonstrated that taurine protects osteoblast cells against oxidative damage via Wnt/β-catenin-mediated activation of the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lou
- Department of Immunology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Donghe Han
- Department of Neurobiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Huihui Yu
- Department of Immunology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Guang Yu
- Department of Immunology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Department of Immunology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.,Key Laboratory of Follicular Development and Reproductive Health of Liaoning, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Sung-Jin Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Metabolic Diseases Research Laboratory, School of Dentistry, KyungHee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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32
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Li B, Zhao J, Ma JX, Li GM, Zhang Y, Xing GS, Liu J, Ma XL. Overexpression of DNMT1 leads to hypermethylation of H19 promoter and inhibition of Erk signaling pathway in disuse osteoporosis. Bone 2018; 111:82-91. [PMID: 29555308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Disuse osteoporosis (DOP) is a common complication of the lack of mechanical loading. The precise mechanism underlying DOP remains unknown, although epigenetic modifications may be a major cause. Recently, cumulative research has revealed that DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) proteins can catalyze the conversion of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (5mC), altering the epigenetic state of DNA. Here, we report that DNMT1 expression and lncRNA-H19 methylation are upregulated in the femoral tissues of DOP rats, accompanied with inhibited Erk signaling pathway. Overexpression of DNMT1 in UMR-106 cells mimics 5mC enrichment in the H19 promoter, inhibition of Erk signaling and impairment of osteogenesis, which can be rescued by 5'-aza-deoxycytidine (5'-Aza) treatment. Moreover, local intramedullary injection of Dnmt1 siRNA (siDNMT1) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats abrogated disuse lncRNA-H19 (H19) downregulation, Erk signaling inhibition, histopathological changes, and bone microstructure declines in the distal femur in vivo. Therefore, our data identify for the first time a new signaling cascade in DOP: mechanical unloading causes upregulation of DNMT1 and hypermethylation of H19 promoter, which subsequently leads to downregulation of lncRNA-H19 and inhibition of the ERK signaling, suggesting a new potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Joint Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Orthopedic Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xiong Ma
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Min Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Sheng Xing
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Joint Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin-Long Ma
- Joint Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China; Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China.
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33
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Xu R, Yallowitz A, Qin A, Wu Z, Shin DY, Kim JM, Debnath S, Ji G, Bostrom MP, Yang X, Zhang C, Dong H, Kermani P, Lalani S, Li N, Liu Y, Poulos MG, Wach A, Zhang Y, Inoue K, Di Lorenzo A, Zhao B, Butler JM, Shim JH, Glimcher LH, Greenblatt MB. Targeting skeletal endothelium to ameliorate bone loss. Nat Med 2018; 24:823-833. [PMID: 29785024 PMCID: PMC5992080 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified a specialized subset of CD31hiendomucinhi (CD31hiEMCNhi) vascular endothelium that positively regulates bone formation. However, it remains unclear how CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium levels are coupled to anabolic bone formation. Mice with an osteoblast-specific deletion of Shn3, which have markedly elevated bone formation, demonstrated an increase in CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium. Transcriptomic analysis identified SLIT3 as an osteoblast-derived, SHN3-regulated proangiogenic factor. Genetic deletion of Slit3 reduced skeletal CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium, resulted in low bone mass because of impaired bone formation and partially reversed the high bone mass phenotype of Shn3-/- mice. This coupling between osteoblasts and CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium is essential for bone healing, as shown by defective fracture repair in SLIT3-mutant mice and enhanced fracture repair in SHN3-mutant mice. Finally, administration of recombinant SLIT3 both enhanced bone fracture healing and counteracted bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Thus, drugs that target the SLIT3 pathway may represent a new approach for vascular-targeted osteoanabolic therapy to treat bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alisha Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dong Yeon Shin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shawon Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gang Ji
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mathias P Bostrom
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xu Yang
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Han Dong
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pouneh Kermani
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarfaraz Lalani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael G Poulos
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Wach
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kazuki Inoue
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Laurie H Glimcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Lian WS, Wu RW, Lee MS, Chen YS, Sun YC, Wu SL, Ke HJ, Ko JY, Wang FS. Subchondral mesenchymal stem cells from osteoarthritic knees display high osteogenic differentiation capacity through microRNA-29a regulation of HDAC4. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1327-1340. [PMID: 28884332 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Subchondral bone deterioration and osteophyte formation attributable to excessive mineralization are prominent features of end-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). The cellular events underlying subchondral integrity diminishment remained elusive. This study was undertaken to characterize subchondral mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) isolated from patients with end-stage knee OA who required total knee arthroplasty. The SMSCs expressed surface antigens CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD166 and lacked CD31, CD45, and MHCII expression. The cell cultures exhibited higher proliferation and greater osteogenesis and chondrogenesis potencies, whereas their population-doubling time and adipogenic lineage commitment were lower than those of bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs). They also displayed higher expressions of embryonic stem cell marker OCT3/4 and osteogenic factors Wnt3a, β-catenin, and microRNA-29a (miR-29a), concomitant with lower expressions of joint-deleterious factors HDAC4, TGF-β1, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP3, in comparison with those of BMMSCs. Knockdown of miR-29a lowered Wnt3a expression and osteogenic differentiation of the SMSCs through elevating HDAC4 translation, which directly regulated the 3'-untranslated region of HDAC4. Likewise, transgenic mice that overexpressed miR-29a in osteoblasts exhibited a high bone mass in the subchondral region. SMSCs in the transgenic mice showed a higher osteogenic differentiation and lower HDAC4 signaling than those in wild-type mice. Taken together, high osteogenesis potency existed in the SMSCs in the osteoarthritic knee. The miR-29a modulation of HDAC4 and Wnt3a signaling was attributable to the increase in osteogenesis. This study shed an emerging light on the characteristics of SMSCs and highlighted the contribution of SMSCs in the exacerbation of subchondral integrity in end-stage knee OA. KEY MESSAGES Subchondral MSCs (SMSCs) from OA knee expressed embryonic stem cell marker Oct3/4. The SMSCs showed high proliferation and osteogenic and chondrogenic potencies. miR-29a regulated osteogenesis of the SMSCs through modulation of HDAC4 and Wnt3a. A high osteogenic potency of the SMSCs existed in mice overexpressing miR-29a in bone. Aberrant osteogenesis in SMSCs provides a new insight to subchondral damage in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shiung Lian
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohisung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83303, Taiwan.,Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Wen Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mel S Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohisung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83303, Taiwan.,Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Sun
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohisung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83303, Taiwan.,Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Long Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohisung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83303, Taiwan.,Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jing Ke
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohisung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83303, Taiwan.,Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Yang Ko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohisung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83303, Taiwan. .,Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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35
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Chen YS, Guo Q, Guo LJ, Liu T, Wu XP, Lin ZY, He HB, Jiang TJ. GDF8 inhibits bone formation and promotes bone resorption in mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:500-508. [PMID: 28074479 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth Differentiation Factor 8 (GDF8), also called myostatin, is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β super-family. As a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, GDF8 is also associated with bone metabolism. However, the function of GDF8 in bone metabolism is not fully understood. Our study aimed to investigate the role of GDF8 in bone metabolism, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that GDF8 had a negative regulatory effect on primary mouse osteoblasts, and promoted receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of recombinant GDF8 repressed bone formation and accelerated bone resorption in mice. Furthermore, treatment of aged mice with a GDF8 neutralizing antibody stimulated new bone formation and prevented bone resorption. Thus, our study showed that GDF8 plays a significant regulatory role in bone formation and bone resorption, thus providing a potential therapeutic pathway for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Si Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Gerontology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Juan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xian-Ping Wu
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhang-Yuan Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Bo He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tie-Jian Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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36
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Bae S, Lee MJ, Mun SH, Giannopoulou EG, Yong-Gonzalez V, Cross JR, Murata K, Giguère V, van der Meulen M, Park-Min KH. MYC-dependent oxidative metabolism regulates osteoclastogenesis via nuclear receptor ERRα. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2555-2568. [PMID: 28530645 PMCID: PMC5490751 DOI: 10.1172/jci89935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder associated with compromised bone strength and an increased risk of fracture. Inhibition of the differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts is an effective strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis. Prior work by our laboratory and others has shown that MYC promotes osteoclastogenesis in vitro, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In addition, the in vivo importance of osteoclast-expressed MYC in physiological and pathological bone loss is not known. Here, we have demonstrated that deletion of Myc in osteoclasts increases bone mass and protects mice from ovariectomy-induced (OVX-induced) osteoporosis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MYC drives metabolic reprogramming during osteoclast differentiation and functions as a metabolic switch to an oxidative state. We identified a role for MYC action in the transcriptional induction of estrogen receptor-related receptor α (ERRα), a nuclear receptor that cooperates with the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells, c1 (NFATc1) to drive osteoclastogenesis. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of ERRα attenuated OVX-induced bone loss in mice. Our findings highlight a MYC/ERRα pathway that contributes to physiological and pathological bone loss by integrating the MYC/ERRα axis to drive metabolic reprogramming during osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Bae
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Min Joon Lee
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Se Hwan Mun
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugenia G. Giannopoulou
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Biological Sciences Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Vladimir Yong-Gonzalez
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin R. Cross
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Koichi Murata
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marjolein van der Meulen
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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37
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Zhang M, Zhang P, Liu Y, Zhou Y. GSK3 inhibitor AR-A014418 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells via ERK and mTORC2/Akt signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:182-188. [PMID: 28602697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule-based bone tissue engineering is emerging as a promising strategy for bone defects restoration. In this study, we intended to identify the roles and mechanisms of AR-A014418, a highly selective inhibitor of GSK3, on the osteogenic differentiation. We found that AR-A014418 exhibited a dose-dependent effect on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). hASCs treated with AR-A014418 showed higher activity of ERK and mTORC2/Akt signaling. Administration of ERK inhibitor U0126 or knockdown of RICTOR by siRNA attenuated AR-A014418 induced osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Our results suggested that AR-A014418 significantly promoted osteogenic potential of hASCs partially by the activation of ERK and mTORC2/Akt signaling pathway, and might be used for bone tissue engineering as an osteo-inductive factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; National Engineering Lab for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
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38
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Franceschi RT, Ge C. Control of the Osteoblast Lineage by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 3:122-132. [PMID: 29057206 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-017-0059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW This review will provide a timely assessment of MAP kinase actions in bone development and homeostasis with particular emphasis on transcriptional control of the osteoblast lineage. RECENT FINDINGS ERK and p38 MAP kinases function as transducers of signals initiated by the extracellular matrix, mechanical loading, TGF-β, BMPs and FGF2. MAPK signals may also affect and/or interact with other important pathways such as WNT and HIPPO. ERK and p38 MAP kinase pathways phosphorylate specific osteogenic transcription factors including RUNX2, Osterix, ATF4 and DLX5. For RUNX2, phosphorylation at specific serine residues initiates epigenetic changes in chromatin necessary for decondensation and increased transcription. MAPK also suppresses marrow adipogenesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting PPARγ, which may explain the well-known relationship between reduced skeletal loading and marrow fat accumulation. SUMMARY MAPKs transduce signals from the extracellular environment to the nucleus allowing bone cells to respond to changes in hormonal/growth factor signaling and mechanical loading thereby optimizing bone structure to meet physiological and mechanical needs of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renny T Franceschi
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078
| | - Chunxi Ge
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078
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39
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Wang Z, Guo Q, Wang R, Xu G, Li P, Sun Y, She X, Liu Q, Chen Q, Yu Z, Liu C, Xiong J, Li G, Wu M. The D Domain of LRRC4 anchors ERK1/2 in the cytoplasm and competitively inhibits MEK/ERK activation in glioma cells. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:130. [PMID: 27884160 PMCID: PMC5123285 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a well-characterized key player in various signal transduction networks, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) has been widely implicated in the development of many malignancies. We previously found that Leucine-rich repeat containing 4 (LRRC4) was a tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of the ERK/MAPK pathway in glioma tumorigenesis. However, the precise molecular role of LRRC4 in ERK signal transmission is unclear. Methods The interaction between LRRC4 and ERK1/2 was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays in vivo and in vitro. We also investigated the interaction of LRRC4 and ERK1/2 and the role of the D domain in ERK activation in glioma cells. Results Here, we showed that LRRC4 and ERK1/2 interact via the D domain and CD domain, respectively. Following EGF stimuli, the D domain of LRRC4 anchors ERK1/2 in the cytoplasm and abrogates ERK1/2 activation and nuclear translocation. In glioblastoma cells, ectopic LRRC4 expression competitively inhibited the interaction of endogenous mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) and ERK1/2. Mutation of the D domain decreased the LRRC4-mediated inhibition of MAPK signaling and its anti-proliferation and anti-invasion roles. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that the D domain of LRRC4 anchors ERK1/2 in the cytoplasm and competitively inhibits MEK/ERK activation in glioma cells. These findings identify a new mechanism underlying glioblastoma progression and suggest a novel therapeutic strategy by restoring the activity of LRRC4 to decrease MAPK cascade activation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0355-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyou Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qin Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Rong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Gang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yingnan Sun
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling She
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhibin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
| | - Minghua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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40
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Zhou J, Li Y, Yang L, Wu Y, Zhou Y, Cui Y, Yang G, Hong Y. Stanniocalcin 2 improved osteoblast differentiation via phosphorylation of ERK. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5653-5659. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Lu Q, Tu ML, Li CJ, Zhang L, Jiang TJ, Liu T, Luo XH. GDF11 Inhibits Bone Formation by Activating Smad2/3 in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 99:500-509. [PMID: 27395058 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Recent studies confirmed that GDF11 plays an important role in regulating the regeneration of brain, skeletal muscle, and heart during aging; however, its role in bone metabolism remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of GDF11 on bone metabolism, including bone formation and bone resorption, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that GDF11 inhibited osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Mechanistically, GDF11 repressed Runx2 expression by inducing SMAD2/3 phosphorylation during osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of GDF11 inhibited bone formation and accelerated age-related bone loss in mice. Our results also showed that GDF11 had no effect on osteoclast differentiation or bone resorption both in vitro and in vivo. These results provide a further rationale for the therapeutic targeting of GDF11 for the treatment of age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lu
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Man-Li Tu
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Chang-Jun Li
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Jian Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hang Luo
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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miR-203 inhibits the traumatic heterotopic ossification by targeting Runx2. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2436. [PMID: 27787524 PMCID: PMC5133990 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated that dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have an important role in bone formation. However, the pathophysiological role of miRNAs in traumatic heterotopic ossification (HO) remains to be elucidated. Using gene expression profile analyses and subsequent confirmation with real-time PCR assays, we identified the decreased expression of miRNA-203 (miR-203) and increased expression of Runx2 as responses to the development of traumatic HO. We found that miR-203 expression was markedly higher in primary and recurrent HO tissues than in normal bones. The upregulation of miR-203 significantly decreased the level of Runx2 expression, whereas miR-203 downregulation increased Runx2 expression. Mutation of the putative miR-203-binding sites in Runx2 mRNA abolished miR-203-mediated repression of Runx2 3'-untranslated region luciferase reporter activity, indicating that Runx2 is an important target of miR-203 in osteoblasts. We also found that miR-203 is negatively correlated with osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, in vitro osteoblast activity and matrix mineralization were promoted by antagomir-203 and decreased by agomir-203. We showed that miR-203 suppresses osteoblast activity by inhibiting the β-catenin and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. Moreover, using a tenotomy mouse HO model, we found an inhibitory role of miR-203 in regulating HO in vivo; pretreatment with antagomiR-203 increased the development of HO. These data suggest that miR-203 has a crucial role in suppressing HO by directly targeting Runx2 and that the therapeutic overexpression of miR-203 may be a potential strategy for treating traumatic HO.
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Lavocat F, Osta B, Miossec P. Increased sensitivity of rheumatoid synoviocytes to Schnurri-3 expression in TNF-α and IL-17A induced osteoblastic differentiation. Bone 2016; 87:89-96. [PMID: 27072520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of TNF-α and IL-17A on osteogenic differentiation of isolated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from healthy donors, osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS FLS were cultured in osteogenic medium, with and without TNF-α and/or IL-17A. Extracellular matrix mineralization was evaluated by alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) measurement. mRNA expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR for Wnt5a, BMP2 and Runx2, genes associated with osteogenesis, for DKK1 and RANKL, genes associated with osteogenesis inhibition and Schnurri-3, a new critical gene in the cross talk with osteoclasts. IL-6 and IL-8 production was measured by ELISA. RESULTS In osteogenic medium, matrix mineralization and increased ALP activity indicated that FLS can undergo osteogenic differentiation, which was increased with TNF-α and IL-17A. The expression of osteogenesis activators (BMP2 and Wnt5a) was increased with cytokines and that of the osteogenesis inhibitor DKK1 was decreased. There was no difference between all three cell types. In contrast, RA FLS were particularly sensitive to the synergistic increase of Shn3 with TNF-α and IL-17A. Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were also higher for RA-FLS, compared to healthy and OA FLS. CONCLUSION IL-17A and/or TNF-α treatment favor an osteogenesis induction in isolated FLS, independent of their origin. RA-FLS were more sensitive to the synergistic increase of Schnurri-3 expression. Combined with the higher levels of inflammation, this may in turn activate osteoclastogenesis, leading to increased bone destruction seen in destructive arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Lavocat
- Department of clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon 1, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Bilal Osta
- Department of clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon 1, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Department of clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon 1, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France.
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Shaw AT, Maeda Y, Gravallese EM. IL-17A deficiency promotes periosteal bone formation in a model of inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:104. [PMID: 27165410 PMCID: PMC4863346 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-0998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) plays a pathogenic role in several rheumatic diseases including spondyloarthritis and, paradoxically, has been described to both promote and protect from bone formation. We therefore examined the effects of IL-17A on osteoblast differentiation in vitro and on periosteal bone formation in an in vivo model of inflammatory arthritis. METHODS K/BxN serum transfer arthritis was induced in IL-17A-deficient and wild-type mice. Clinical and histologic inflammation was assessed and periosteal bone formation was quantitated. Murine calvarial osteoblasts were differentiated in the continuous presence of IL-17A with or without blockade of secreted frizzled related protein (sFRP)1 and effects on differentiation were determined by qRT-PCR and mineralization assays. The impact of IL-17A on expression of Wnt signaling pathway antagonists was also assessed by qRT-PCR. Finally, regulation of Dickkopf (DKK)1 expression in murine synovial fibroblasts was evaluated after treatment with IL-17A, TNF, or IL-17A plus TNF. RESULTS IL-17A-deficient mice develop significantly more periosteal bone than wild-type mice at peak inflammation, despite comparable severity of inflammation and bone erosion. IL-17A inhibits calvarial osteoblast differentiation in vitro, inducing mRNA expression of the Wnt antagonist sFRP1 in osteoblasts, and suppressing sFRP3 expression, both potentially contributing to inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, a blocking antibody to sFRP1 reduced the inhibitory effect of IL-17A on differentiation. Although treatment with IL-17A suppresses DKK1 mRNA expression in osteoblasts, IL-17A plus TNF synergistically upregulate DKK1 mRNA expression in synovial fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS IL-17A may limit the extent of bone formation at inflamed periosteal sites in spondyloarthritis. IL-17A inhibits calvarial osteoblast differentiation, in part by regulating expression of Wnt signaling pathway components. These results demonstrate that additional studies focusing on the role of IL-17A in bone formation in spondyloarthritis are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita T Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Suite 223, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Yukiko Maeda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Suite 223, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Ellen M Gravallese
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Suite 223, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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Aoidi R, Maltais A, Charron J. Functional redundancy of the kinases MEK1 and MEK2: Rescue of theMek1mutant phenotype byMek2knock-in reveals a protein threshold effect. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra9. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ahmadzadeh A, Norozi F, Shahrabi S, Shahjahani M, Saki N. Wnt/β-catenin signaling in bone marrow niche. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 363:321-35. [PMID: 26475718 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) niche is a specific physiological environment for hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Several signaling pathways (including Wnt/β-catenin) regulate various aspects of stem cell growth, function and death in the BM niche. In addition, the canonical Wnt pathway is crucial for directing self-renewal and differentiation as important mechanisms in many types of stem cells. We review the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the BM niche and its importance in stem cells. Relevant literature was identified by a PubMed search (1997-2014) of English-language literature by using the following keywords: BM niche, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, osteoblast, osteoclast and bone disease. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway regulates the stability of the β-catenin proto-oncogene. The stabilized β-catenin then translocates to the nucleus, forming a β-catenin-TCF/LEF complex regulating the transcription of specific target genes. Stem cells require β-catenin to mediate their response to Wnt signaling for maintenance and transition from the pluripotent state during embryogenesis. In adult stem cells, Wnt signaling functions at various hierarchical levels to contribute to the specification of the diverse tissues. Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its downstream transcriptional regulators are observed in several malignant stem cells and human cancers. Because Wnt signaling can maintain stem cells and cancer cells, the ability to modulate the Wnt pathway either positively or negatively may be of therapeutic relevance. The controlled activation of Wnt signaling might allow us to enhance stem and progenitor cell activity when regeneration is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ahmadzadeh
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Norozi
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahjahani
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Greenblatt MB, Kim JM, Oh H, Park KH, Choo MK, Sano Y, Tye CE, Skobe Z, Davis RJ, Park JM, Bei M, Glimcher LH, Shim JH. p38α MAPK is required for tooth morphogenesis and enamel secretion. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:284-95. [PMID: 25406311 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.599274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved understanding of the molecular pathways that drive tooth morphogenesis and enamel secretion is needed to generate teeth from organ cultures for therapeutic implantation or to determine the pathogenesis of primary disorders of dentition (Abdollah, S., Macias-Silva, M., Tsukazaki, T., Hayashi, H., Attisano, L., and Wrana, J. L. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 27678-27685). Here we present a novel ectodermal dysplasia phenotype associated with conditional deletion of p38α MAPK in ectodermal appendages using K14-cre mice (p38α(K14) mice). These mice display impaired patterning of dental cusps and a profound defect in the production and biomechanical strength of dental enamel because of defects in ameloblast differentiation and activity. In the absence of p38α, expression of amelogenin and β4-integrin in ameloblasts and p21 in the enamel knot was significantly reduced. Mice lacking the MAP2K MKK6, but not mice lacking MAP2K MKK3, also show the enamel defects, implying that MKK6 functions as an upstream kinase of p38α in ectodermal appendages. Lastly, stimulation with BMP2/7 in both explant culture and an ameloblast cell line confirm that p38α functions downstream of BMPs in this context. Thus, BMP-induced activation of the p38α MAPK pathway is critical for the morphogenesis of tooth cusps and the secretion of dental enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Greenblatt
- From the Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Hwanhee Oh
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, the Department of Microbiology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Choo
- the Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Yasuyo Sano
- the Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Coralee E Tye
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, 05405
| | | | - Roger J Davis
- the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Jin Mo Park
- the Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Marianna Bei
- the Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Burns Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Laurie H Glimcher
- the Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065,
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Imamura K, Maeda S, Kawamura I, Matsuyama K, Shinohara N, Yahiro Y, Nagano S, Setoguchi T, Yokouchi M, Ishidou Y, Komiya S. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein 3 is essential for the expression of asparagine-linked glycosylation 2 in the regulation of osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9865-79. [PMID: 24563464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.520585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein 3 (Hivep3) suppresses osteoblast differentiation by inducing proteasomal degradation of the osteogenesis master regulator Runx2. In this study, we tested the possibility of cooperation of Hivep1, Hivep2, and Hivep3 in osteoblast and/or chondrocyte differentiation. Microarray analyses with ST-2 bone stroma cells demonstrated that expression of any known osteochondrogenesis-related genes was not commonly affected by the three Hivep siRNAs. Only Hivep3 siRNA promoted osteoblast differentiation in ST-2 cells, whereas all three siRNAs cooperatively suppressed differentiation in ATDC5 chondrocytes. We further used microarray analysis to identify genes commonly down-regulated in both MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and ST-2 cells upon knockdown of Hivep3 and identified asparagine-linked glycosylation 2 (Alg2), which encodes a mannosyltransferase residing on the endoplasmic reticulum. The Hivep3 siRNA-mediated promotion of osteoblast differentiation was negated by forced Alg2 expression. Alg2 suppressed osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in cultured calvarial bone. Alg2 was immunoprecipitated with Runx2, whereas the combined transfection of Runx2 and Alg2 interfered with Runx2 nuclear localization, which resulted in suppression of Runx2 activity. Chondrocyte differentiation was promoted by Hivep3 overexpression, in concert with increased expression of Creb3l2, whose gene product is the endoplasmic reticulum stress transducer crucial for chondrogenesis. Alg2 silencing suppressed Creb3l2 expression and chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells, whereas infection of Alg2-expressing virus promoted chondrocyte maturation in cultured cartilage rudiments. Thus, Alg2, as a downstream mediator of Hivep3, suppresses osteogenesis, whereas it promotes chondrogenesis. To our knowledge, this study is the first to link a mannosyltransferase gene to osteochondrogenesis.
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Schnurri-3 and its interaction with ERK and WNT signaling. BONEKEY REPORTS 2014; 3:501. [PMID: 24466418 PMCID: PMC3899566 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2013.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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