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Werner F, Naruke T, Sülzenbrück L, Schäfer S, Rösch M, Völker K, Krebes L, Abeßer M, Möllmann D, Baba HA, Schweda F, Zernecke A, Kuhn M. Auto/Paracrine C-Type Natriuretic Peptide/Cyclic GMP Signaling Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7800. [PMID: 39063044 PMCID: PMC11277478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is cause and consequence of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelial hormone C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) regulates vascular tone and the vascular barrier. Its cGMP-synthesizing guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B) receptor is expressed in endothelial cells themselves. To characterize the role of endothelial CNP/cGMP signaling, we studied mice with endothelial-selective GC-B deletion. Endothelial EC GC-B KO mice had thicker, stiffer aortae and isolated systolic hypertension. This was associated with increased proinflammatory E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression and impaired nitric oxide bioavailability. Atherosclerosis susceptibility was evaluated in such KO and control littermates on Ldlr (low-density lipoprotein receptor)-deficient background fed a Western diet for 10 weeks. Notably, the plaque areas and heights within the aortic roots were markedly increased in the double EC GC-B/Ldlr KO mice. This was accompanied by enhanced macrophage infiltration and greater necrotic cores, indicating unstable plaques. Finally, we found that EC GC-B KO mice had diminished vascular regeneration after critical hind-limb ischemia. Remarkably, all these genotype-dependent changes were only observed in female and not in male mice. Auto/paracrine endothelial CNP/GC-B/cGMP signaling protects from arterial stiffness, systolic hypertension, and atherosclerosis and improves reparative angiogenesis. Interestingly, our data indicate a sex disparity in the connection of diminished CNP/GC-B activity to endothelial dysfunction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/metabolism
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/genetics
- Cyclic GMP/metabolism
- Mice
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Signal Transduction
- Female
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Paracrine Communication
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Werner
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
| | - Takashi Naruke
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
| | - Lydia Sülzenbrück
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
| | - Sarah Schäfer
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Melanie Rösch
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Katharina Völker
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
| | - Lisa Krebes
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
| | - Marco Abeßer
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
| | - Dorothe Möllmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (D.M.); (H.A.B.)
| | - Hideo A. Baba
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (D.M.); (H.A.B.)
| | - Frank Schweda
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Michaela Kuhn
- Institute of Physiology, University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (F.W.); (T.N.); (L.S.); (K.V.); (L.K.)
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2
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Dabral S, Noh M, Werner F, Krebes L, Völker K, Maier C, Aleksic I, Novoyatleva T, Hadzic S, Schermuly RT, Perez VADJ, Kuhn M. C-type natriuretic peptide/cGMP/FoxO3 signaling attenuates hyperproliferation of pericytes from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Commun Biol 2024; 7:693. [PMID: 38844781 PMCID: PMC11156916 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pericyte dysfunction, with excessive migration, hyperproliferation, and differentiation into smooth muscle-like cells contributes to vascular remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). Augmented expression and action of growth factors trigger these pathological changes. Endogenous factors opposing such alterations are barely known. Here, we examine whether and how the endothelial hormone C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), signaling through the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) -producing guanylyl cyclase B (GC-B) receptor, attenuates the pericyte dysfunction observed in PAH. The results demonstrate that CNP/GC-B/cGMP signaling is preserved in lung pericytes from patients with PAH and prevents their growth factor-induced proliferation, migration, and transdifferentiation. The anti-proliferative effect of CNP is mediated by cGMP-dependent protein kinase I and inhibition of the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, ultimately leading to the nuclear stabilization and activation of the Forkhead Box O 3 (FoxO3) transcription factor. Augmentation of the CNP/GC-B/cGMP/FoxO3 signaling pathway might be a target for novel therapeutics in the field of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Dabral
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Minhee Noh
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Werner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Krebes
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Völker
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Maier
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Aleksic
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Giessen, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hadzic
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Giessen, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (JLU), Giessen, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Vinicio A de Jesus Perez
- Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, California, USA
| | - Michaela Kuhn
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Liu C, Long Q, Yang H, Yang H, Tang Y, Liu B, Zhou Z, Yuan J. Sacubitril/Valsartan inhibits M1 type macrophages polarization in acute myocarditis by targeting C-type natriuretic peptide. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116535. [PMID: 38581923 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) can reduce myocardial inflammation in myocarditis mice, in addition to its the recommended treatment of heart failure. However, the underlying mechanisms of Sac/Val in myocarditis remain unclear. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), one of the targeting natriuretic peptides of Sac/Val, was recently reported to exert cardio-protective and anti-inflammatory effects in cardiovascular systems. Here, we focused on circulating levels of CNP in patients with acute myocarditis (AMC) and whether Sac/Val modulates inflammation by targeting CNP in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) mice as well as LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) models. Circulating CNP levels were higher in AMC patients compared to healthy controls, and these levels positively correlated with the elevated inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and monocyte count. In EAM mice, Sac/Val alleviated myocardial inflammation while augmenting circulating CNP levels rather than BNP and ANP, accompanied by reduction in intracardial M1 macrophage infiltration and expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Furthermore, Sac/Val inhibited CNP degradation and directly blunted M1 macrophage polarization in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and BMDMs. Mechanistically, the effects might be mediated by the NPR-C/cAMP/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway apart from NPR-B/cGMP/NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, Sac/Val exerts a protective effect in myocarditis by increasing CNP concentration and inhibiting M1 macrophages polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qi Long
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongmin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yaohan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bingjun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zihua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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4
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Bao Q, Zhang B, Zhou L, Yang Q, Mu X, Liu X, Zhang S, Yuan M, Zhang Y, Che J, Wei W, Liu T, Li G, He J. CNP Ameliorates Macrophage Inflammatory Response and Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2024; 134:e72-e91. [PMID: 38456298 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CNP (C-type natriuretic peptide), an endogenous short peptide in the natriuretic peptide family, has emerged as an important regulator to govern vascular homeostasis. However, its role in the development of atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CNP on the progression of atherosclerotic plaques and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Plasma CNP levels were measured in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The potential atheroprotective role of CNP was evaluated in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice through CNP supplementation via osmotic pumps, genetic overexpression, or LCZ696 administration. Various functional experiments involving CNP treatment were performed on primary macrophages derived from wild-type and CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36) knockout mice. Proteomics and multiple biochemical analyses were conducted to unravel the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We observed a negative correlation between plasma CNP concentration and the burden of coronary atherosclerosis in patients. In early atherosclerotic plaques, CNP predominantly accumulated in macrophages but significantly decreased in advanced plaques. Supplementing CNP via osmotic pumps or genetic overexpression ameliorated atherosclerotic plaque formation and enhanced plaque stability in ApoE-/- mice. CNP promoted an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype and efferocytosis and reduced foam cell formation and necroptosis. Mechanistically, we found that CNP could accelerate HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha) degradation in macrophages by enhancing the interaction between PHD (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein) 2 and HIF-1α. Furthermore, we observed that CD36 bound to CNP and mediated its endocytosis in macrophages. Moreover, we demonstrated that the administration of LCZ696, an orally bioavailable drug recently approved for treating chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, could amplify the bioactivity of CNP and ameliorate atherosclerotic plaque formation. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that CNP enhanced plaque stability and alleviated macrophage inflammatory responses by promoting HIF-1α degradation, suggesting a novel atheroprotective role of CNP. Enhancing CNP bioactivity may offer a novel pharmacological strategy for treating related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Bao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Bangying Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Lu Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Qian Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Xiaofeng Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Xing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Meng Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Jingjin Che
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Wen Wei
- Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe (W.W.)
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China (Q.B., B.Z., L.Z., Q.Y., X.M., X.L., S.Z., M.Y., Y.Z., J.C., T.L., G.L.)
| | - Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China (J.H.)
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5
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Lu YY, Li SJ, Zhang Z, He S, Guo YT, Hong MN, Shao S, Wang RQ, Zhang J, Wang JG, Gao PJ, Li XD. C-atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 4-23 attenuates renal fibrosis in deoxycorticosterone-acetate-salt hypertensive mice. Exp Cell Res 2023; 431:113738. [PMID: 37572787 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in hypertension-induced renal fibrosis, a final pathway that leads to end-stage renal failure. C-Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)4-23, a specific agonist of natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C), has been reported to have protective effects against hypertension. However, the role of C-ANP4-23 in hypertension-associated renal fibrosis has not yet been elucidated. In this study, mice were randomly divided into SHAM group, DOCA-salt group and DOCA-salt + C-ANP4-23 group. Renal morphology changes, renal function and fibrosis were detected. Human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2) stimulated by aldosterone were used for cell function and mechanism study. The DOCA-salt treated mice exhibited hypertension, kidney fibrosis and renal dysfunction, which were attenuated by C-ANP4-23. Moreover, C-ANP4-23 inhibited DOCA-salt treatment-induced renal EMT as evidenced by decrease of the mesenchymal marker alpha-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and vimentin and increase of epithelial cell marker E-cadherin. In HK2 cells, aldosterone induced EMT response, which was also suppressed by C-ANP4-23. The key transcription factors (twist, snail, slug and ZEB1) involved in EMT were increased in the kidney of DOCA-salt-treated mice, which were also suppressed by C-ANP4-23. Mechanistically, C-ANP4-23 inhibited the aldosterone-induced translocation of MR from cytosol to nucleus without change of MR expression. Furthermore, C-ANP4-23 rescued the enhanced expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4 and oxidative stress after aldosterone stimulation. Aldosterone-induced Akt and Erk1/2 activation was also suppressed by C-ANP4-23. Our data suggest that C-ANP4-23 attenuates renal fibrosis, likely through inhibition of MR activation, enhanced oxidative stress and Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China; Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai, China; Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Jin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shun He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yue-Tong Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mo-Na Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rui-Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ji-Guang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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6
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Cheng C, Zhang J, Li X, Xue F, Cao L, Meng L, Sui W, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Xi B, Yu X, Xu F, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhang C. NPRC deletion mitigated atherosclerosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in ApoE knockout mice. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:290. [PMID: 37553374 PMCID: PMC10409771 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested a beneficial effect of natriuretic peptides in animal models of cardiovascular disease, but the role of natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPRC) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS) remains unknown. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that NPRC may promote AS lesion formation and instability by enhancing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis via protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. ApoE-/- mice were fed chow or Western diet for 12 weeks and NPRC expression was significantly increased in the aortic tissues of Western diet-fed mice. Systemic NPRC knockout mice were crossed with ApoE-/- mice to generate ApoE-/-NPRC-/- mice, and NPRC deletion resulted in a significant decrease in the size and instability of aortic atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-/-NPRC-/- versus ApoE-/- mice. In addition, endothelial cell-specific NPRC knockout attenuated atherosclerotic lesions in mice. In contrast, endothelial cell overexpression of NPRC aggravated the size and instability of atherosclerotic aortic lesions in mice. Experiments in vitro showed that NPRC knockdown in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) inhibited ROS production, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and endothelial cell apoptosis, and increased eNOS expression. Furthermore, NPRC knockdown in HAECs suppressed macrophage migration, cytokine expression, and phagocytosis via its effects on endothelial cells. On the contrary, NPRC overexpression in endothelial cells resulted in opposite effects. Mechanistically, the anti-inflammation and anti-atherosclerosis effects of NPRC deletion involved activation of cAMP/PKA pathway, leading to downstream upregulated AKT1 pathway and downregulated NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, NPRC deletion reduced the size and instability of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-/- mice via attenuating inflammation and endothelial cell apoptosis and increasing eNOS expression by modulating cAMP/PKA-AKT1 and NF-κB pathways. Thus, targeting NPRC may provide a promising approach to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Fei Xue
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Meng
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhai Sui
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chest Pain Center, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Shandong First Medical University, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Shandong First Medical University, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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7
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Núñez-Marín G, Iraola D, Lorenzo M, de la Espriella R, Villar S, Santas E, Miñana G, Sanchis J, Carratalá A, Miró Ò, Bayés-Genís A, Núñez J. An update on utilising brain natriuretic peptide for risk stratification, monitoring and guiding therapy in heart failure. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37216616 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2216386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a dominant health problem with an overall poor prognosis. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are upregulated in HF as a compensatory mechanism. They have extensively been used for diagnosis and risk stratification. AREAS COVERED This review addresses the history and physiology of NPs in order to understand their current role in clinical practice. It further provides a detailed and updated narrative review on the utility of those biomarkers for risk stratification, monitoring, and guiding therapy in HF. EXPERT OPINION NPs show excellent predictive ability in heart failure patients, both in acute and chronic settings. Understanding their pathophysiology and their modifications in specific situations is key for an adequate interpretation in specific clinical scenarios in which their prognostic value may be weaker or less well evaluated. To better promote risk stratification in HF, NPs should be integrated with other predictive tools to develop multiparametric risk models. Both inequalities of access to NPs and evidence caveats and limitations will need to be addressed by future research in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Núñez-Marín
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Diego Iraola
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Lorenzo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Espriella
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Villar
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Santas
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Gema Miñana
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Arturo Carratalá
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA
| | - Òscar Miró
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germas Trias i Pujol. Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Perunovic T, Goetze JP. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Essential Hypertension: Old Ways for a New Time. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:568-571. [PMID: 37325397 PMCID: PMC10264563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple mechanisms are involved in essential hypertension. Antihypertensive drugs mainly target increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, altered production of vasoactive mediators, vascular inflammation, fibrosis, and increased peripheral resistance. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endothelium-derived peptide that exerts vascular signaling through two receptors: natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B) and natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C). This perspective recapitulates the effects of CNP on the vasculature in relation to essential hypertension. Notably, the risk of hypotension when used as therapy is minimal for the CNP system as compared to its related natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide, and B-type natriuretic peptide. As modified CNP is currently being introduced as therapy in congenital growth disorders, we propose that targeting the CNP system either by administering exogenous CNP or altering the endogenous concentrations via inhibition of its degradation may represent an important tool in the pharmacological armory for managing long-term essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens P. Goetze
- Address for correspondence: Dr Jens P. Goetze, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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9
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Harris MP, Zeng S, Zhu Z, Lira VA, Yu L, Hodgson-Zingman DM, Zingman LV. Myokine Musclin Is Critical for Exercise-Induced Cardiac Conditioning. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6525. [PMID: 37047496 PMCID: PMC10095193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the role and mechanisms by which the myokine musclin promotes exercise-induced cardiac conditioning. Exercise is one of the most powerful triggers of cardiac conditioning with proven benefits for healthy and diseased hearts. There is an emerging understanding that muscles produce and secrete myokines, which mediate local and systemic "crosstalk" to promote exercise tolerance and overall health, including cardiac conditioning. The myokine musclin, highly conserved across animal species, has been shown to be upregulated in response to physical activity. However, musclin effects on exercise-induced cardiac conditioning are not established. Following completion of a treadmill exercise protocol, wild type (WT) mice and mice with disruption of the musclin-encoding gene, Ostn, had their hearts extracted and exposed to an ex vivo ischemia-reperfusion protocol or biochemical studies. Disruption of musclin signaling abolished the ability of exercise to mitigate cardiac ischemic injury. This impaired cardioprotection was associated with reduced mitochondrial content and function linked to blunted cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling. Genetic deletion of musclin reduced the nuclear abundance of protein kinase G (PKGI) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding (CREB), resulting in suppression of the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α), and its downstream targets in response to physical activity. Synthetic musclin peptide pharmacokinetic parameters were defined and used to calculate the infusion rate necessary to maintain its plasma level comparable to that observed after exercise. This infusion was found to reproduce the cardioprotective benefits of exercise in sedentary WT and Ostn-KO mice. Musclin is essential for exercise-induced cardiac protection. Boosting musclin signaling might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Harris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Shemin Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- NMR Core Facility and Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Denice M. Hodgson-Zingman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Leonid V. Zingman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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10
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Bianchi L, Damiani I, Castiglioni S, Carleo A, De Salvo R, Rossi C, Corsini A, Bellosta S. Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switch Induced by Traditional Cigarette Smoke Condensate: A Holistic Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076431. [PMID: 37047404 PMCID: PMC10094728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a risk factor for inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis. CS condensate (CSC) contains lipophilic components that may represent a systemic cardiac risk factor. To better understand CSC effects, we incubated mouse and human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with CSC. We evaluated specific markers for contractile [i.e., actin, aortic smooth muscle (ACTA2), calponin-1 (CNN1), the Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and myocardin (MYOCD) genes] and inflammatory [i.e., IL-1β, and IL-6, IL-8, and galectin-3 (LGALS-3) genes] phenotypes. CSC increased the expression of inflammatory markers and reduced the contractile ones in both cell types, with KLF4 modulating the SMC phenotypic switch. Next, we performed a mass spectrometry-based differential proteomic approach on human SMCs and could show 11 proteins were significantly affected by exposition to CSC (FC ≥ 2.7, p ≤ 0.05). These proteins are active in signaling pathways related to expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFN, inflammasome assembly and activation, cytoskeleton regulation and SMC contraction, mitochondrial integrity and cellular response to oxidative stress, proteostasis control via ubiquitination, and cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Through specific bioinformatics resources, we showed their tight functional correlation in a close interaction niche mainly orchestrated by the interferon-induced double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (alternative name: protein kinase RNA-activated; PKR) (EIF2AK2/PKR). Finally, by combining gene expression and protein abundance data we obtained a hybrid network showing reciprocal integration of the CSC-deregulated factors and indicating KLF4 and PKR as the most relevant factors.
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11
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Gallo G, Rubattu S, Autore C, Volpe M. Natriuretic Peptides: It Is Time for Guided Therapeutic Strategies Based on Their Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5131. [PMID: 36982204 PMCID: PMC10049669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are the principal expression products of the endocrine function of the heart. They exert several beneficial effects, mostly mediated through guanylate cyclase-A coupled receptors, including natriuresis, diuresis, vasorelaxation, blood volume and blood pressure reduction, and regulation of electrolyte homeostasis. As a result of their biological functions, NPs counterbalance neurohormonal dysregulation in heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. NPs have been also validated as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases such as atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and valvular heart disease, as well as in the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy and severe cardiac remodeling. Serial measurements of their levels may be used to contribute to more accurate risk stratification by identifying patients who are more likely to experience death from cardiovascular causes, heart failure, and cardiac hospitalizations and to guide tailored pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies with the aim to improve clinical outcomes. On these premises, multiple therapeutic strategies based on the biological properties of NPs have been attempted to develop new targeted cardiovascular therapies. Apart from the introduction of the class of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors to the current management of heart failure, novel promising molecules including M-atrial natriuretic peptide (a novel atrial NP-based compound) have been tested for the treatment of human hypertension with promising results. Moreover, different therapeutic strategies based on the molecular mechanisms involved in NP regulation and function are under development for the management of heart failure, hypertension, and other cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Gallo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, RM, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Camillo Autore
- IRCCS San Raffaele Cassino, Via G. Di Biasio 1, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, RM, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via della Pisana 235, 00163 Rome, RM, Italy
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12
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Volpe M, Gallo G, Rubattu S. Endocrine functions of the heart: from bench to bedside. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:643-655. [PMID: 36582126 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart has a recognized endocrine function as it produces several biologically active substances with hormonal properties. Among these hormones, the natriuretic peptide (NP) system has been extensively characterized and represents a prominent expression of the endocrine function of the heart. Over the years, knowledge about the mechanisms governing their synthesis, secretion, processing, and receptors interaction of NPs has been intensively investigated. Their main physiological endocrine and paracrine effects on cardiovascular and renal systems are mostly mediated through guanylate cyclase-A coupled receptors. The potential role of NPs in the pathophysiology of heart failure and particularly their counterbalancing action opposing the overactivation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems has been described. In addition, NPs are used today as key biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases with both diagnostic and prognostic significance. On these premises, multiple therapeutic strategies based on the biological properties of NPs have been attempted to develop new cardiovascular therapies. Apart from the introduction of the class of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors in the current management of heart failure, novel promising molecules, including M-atrial natriuretic peptide (a novel atrial NP-based compound), have been tested for the treatment of human hypertension. The development of new drugs is currently underway, and we are probably only at the dawn of novel NPs-based therapeutic strategies. The present article also provides an updated overview of the regulation of NPs synthesis and secretion by microRNAs and epigenetics as well as interactions of cardiac hormones with other endocrine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele, Via della Pisana 235, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gallo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy
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13
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Garishah FM, Boahen CK, Vadaq N, Pramudo SG, Tunjungputri RN, Riswari SF, van Rij RP, Alisjahbana B, Gasem MH, van der Ven AJAM, de Mast Q. Longitudinal proteomic profiling of the inflammatory response in dengue patients. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011041. [PMID: 36595532 PMCID: PMC9838874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunopathogenesis of dengue virus (DENV) infection remains incompletely understood. To increase our understanding of inflammatory response in non-severe dengue, we assessed longitudinal changes in the inflammatory proteome in patients with an acute DENV infection. METHODS Using a multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA), we measured relative levels of 368 inflammatory markers in plasma samples from hospitalized patients with non-severe DENV infection in the acute (n = 43) and convalescence (n = 35) phase of the infection and samples of healthy controls (n = 10). RESULTS We identified 203 upregulated and 39 downregulated proteins in acute versus convalescent plasma samples. The upregulated proteins had a strong representation of interferon (IFN) and IFN-inducible effector proteins, cytokines (e.g. IL-10, IL-33) and cytokine receptors, chemokines, pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g. granzymes) and endothelial markers. A number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) have not been reported in previous studies. Functional network analysis highlighted a central role for IFNγ, IL-10, IL-33 and chemokines. We identified different novel associations between inflammatory proteins and circulating concentrations of the endothelial glycocalyx disruption surrogate marker syndecan-1. Conclusion: This unbiased proteome analysis provides a comprehensive insight in the inflammatory response in DENV infection and its association with glycocalyx disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadel Muhammad Garishah
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases (CENTRID), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Collins K. Boahen
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadira Vadaq
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases (CENTRID), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Setyo G. Pramudo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diponegoro National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, William Booth Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Rahajeng N. Tunjungputri
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases (CENTRID), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Silvita Fitri Riswari
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease (RC3ID), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ronald P. van Rij
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bachti Alisjahbana
- Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease (RC3ID), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hussein Gasem
- Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases (CENTRID), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diponegoro National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - André J. A. M. van der Ven
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Quirijn de Mast
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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14
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Mehran R, Steg PG, Pfeffer MA, Jering K, Claggett B, Lewis EF, Granger C, Køber L, Maggioni A, Mann DL, McMurray JJV, Rouleau JL, Solomon SD, Ducrocq G, Berwanger O, De Pasquale CG, Landmesser U, Petrie M, Leng DSK, van der Meer P, Lefkowitz M, Zhou Y, Braunwald E. The Effects of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibition on Major Coronary Events in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insights From the PARADISE-MI Trial. Circulation 2022; 146:1749-1757. [PMID: 36321459 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.060841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients who survive an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors decrease the risk of subsequent major cardiovascular events. Whether angiotensin-receptor blockade and neprilysin inhibition with sacubitril/valsartan reduce major coronary events more effectively than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in high-risk patients with recent AMI remains unknown. We aimed to compare the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on coronary outcomes in patients with AMI. METHODS We conducted a prespecified analysis of the PARADISE-MI trial (Prospective ARNI vs ACE Inhibitors Trial to Determine Superiority in Reducing Heart Failure Events After MI), which compared sacubitril/valsartan (97/103 mg twice daily) with ramipril (5 mg twice daily) for reducing heart failure events after myocardial infarction in 5661 patients with AMI complicated by left ventricular systolic dysfunction, pulmonary congestion, or both. In the present analysis, the prespecified composite coronary outcome was the first occurrence of death from coronary heart disease, nonfatal myocardial infarction, hospitalization for angina, or postrandomization coronary revascularization. RESULTS Patients were randomly assigned at a median of 4.4 [3.0-5.8] days after index AMI (ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction 76%, non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction 24%), by which time 89% of patients had undergone coronary reperfusion. Compared with ramipril, sacubitril/valsartan decreased the risk of coronary outcomes (hazard ratio, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.74-0.99], P=0.04) over a median follow-up of 22 months. Rates of the components of the composite outcomes were lower in patients on sacubitril/valsartan but were not individually significantly different. CONCLUSIONS In survivors of an AMI with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and pulmonary congestion, sacubitril/valsartan-compared with ramipril-reduced the risk of a prespecified major coronary composite outcome. Dedicated studies are necessary to confirm this finding and elucidate its mechanism. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT02924727.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (R.M.)
| | - Philippe Gabriel Steg
- Université Paris-Cité, AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), FACT (French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials) and INSERM U-1148, France (P.G.S.)
| | - Marc A Pfeffer
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., K.J., B.C., S.D.S., E.B.)
| | - Karola Jering
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., K.J., B.C., S.D.S., E.B.)
| | - Brian Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., K.J., B.C., S.D.S., E.B.)
| | - Eldrin F Lewis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA (E.F.L.)
| | | | - Lars Køber
- Professor of Cardiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.K.)
| | - Aldo Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy (A.M.)
| | - Douglas L Mann
- Washington University Medical Center, St Louis, MO (D.L.M.)
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland (J.J.V.M., M.P.)
| | | | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., K.J., B.C., S.D.S., E.B.)
| | - Gregory Ducrocq
- Département de Cardiologie, Hôpital Bichat Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris. France (G.D.)
| | - Otavio Berwanger
- Academic Research Organization (ARO), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo-SP, Brazil (O.B.)
| | - Carmine G De Pasquale
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia (C.G.D.P.)
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (U.L.)
| | - Mark Petrie
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland (J.J.V.M., M.P.)
| | | | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (P.v.d.M.)
| | - Martin Lefkowitz
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (M.L., Y.Z.)
| | - Yinong Zhou
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (M.L., Y.Z.)
| | - Eugene Braunwald
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., K.J., B.C., S.D.S., E.B.)
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15
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Perez-Ternero C, Pallier PN, Tremoleda JL, Delogu A, Fernandes C, Michael-Titus AT, Hobbs AJ. C-type natriuretic peptide preserves central neurological function by maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:991112. [PMID: 36267701 PMCID: PMC9577671 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.991112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and key to neuronal development; however, a broader role for CNP in the CNS remains unclear. To address this deficit, we investigated behavioral, sensory and motor abnormalities and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in a unique mouse model with inducible, global deletion of CNP (gbCNP-/-). gbCNP-/- mice and wild-type littermates at 12 (young adult) and 65 (aged) weeks of age were investigated for changes in gait and motor coordination (CatWalk™ and rotarod tests), anxiety-like behavior (open field and elevated zero maze tests), and motor and sensory function (modified neurological severity score [mNSS] and primary SHIRPA screen). Vascular permeability was assessed in vivo (Miles assay) with complementary in vitro studies conducted in primary murine brain endothelial cells. Young adult gbCNP-/- mice had normal gait but reduced motor coordination, increased locomotor activity in the open field and elevated zero maze, and had a higher mNSS score. Aged gbCNP-/- animals developed recurrent spontaneous seizures and had impaired gait and wide-ranging motor and sensory dysfunction. Young adult and aged gbCNP-/- mice exhibited increased BBB permeability, which was partially restored in vitro by CNP administration. Cultured brain endothelial cells from gbCNP-/- mice had an abnormal ZO-1 protein distribution. These data suggest that lack of CNP in the CNS impairs tight junction protein arrangement and increases BBB permeability, which is associated with changes in locomotor activity, motor coordination and late-onset seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Perez-Ternero
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick N. Pallier
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi L. Tremoleda
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessio Delogu
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cathy Fernandes
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adina T. Michael-Titus
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian J. Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Endogenous Vasoactive Peptides and Vascular Aging-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1534470. [PMID: 36225176 PMCID: PMC9550461 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1534470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a specific type of organic aging that plays a central role in the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among the elderly. It is essential to develop novel interventions to prevent/delay age-related vascular pathologies by targeting fundamental cellular and molecular aging processes. Endogenous vasoactive peptides are compounds formed by a group of amino acids connected by peptide chains that exert regulatory roles in intercellular interactions involved in a variety of biological and pathological processes. Emerging evidence suggests that a variety of vasoactive peptides play important roles in the occurrence and development of vascular aging and related diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, vascular calcification, abdominal aortic aneurysms, and stroke. This review will summarize the cumulative roles and mechanisms of several important endogenous vasoactive peptides in vascular aging and vascular aging-related diseases. In addition, we also aim to explore the promising diagnostic function as biomarkers and the potential therapeutic application of endogenous vasoactive peptides in vascular aging-related diseases.
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17
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Tokudome T, Otani K. Molecular Mechanism of Blood Pressure Regulation through the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091351. [PMID: 36138830 PMCID: PMC9495342 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac peptide hormone that was identified by Kangawa and Matsuo in 1984. In Japan, ANP has been used as an intravenous drug for the treatment of acute heart failure since 1995. Because ANP has a hypotensive effect, it is important to avoid excessive lowering of blood pressure when ANP is used. Recently, a compound that inhibits neutral endopeptidase, the enzyme that degrades ANP, has been developed (angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)). ARNI has been approved worldwide for the treatment of chronic heart failure and has been authorized in Japan as an antihypertensive drug. However, it is not understood exactly how ANP exerts its hypotensive effect. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism of the blood pressure-regulating effects of ANP, focusing on our recent findings. Abstract Natriuretic peptides, including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), have cardioprotective effects and regulate blood pressure in mammals. ANP and BNP are hormones secreted from the heart into the bloodstream in response to increased preload and afterload. Both hormones act through natriuretic peptide receptor 1 (NPR1). In contrast, CNP acts through natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) and was found to be produced by the vascular endothelium, chondrocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts. Based on its relatively low plasma concentration compared with ANP and BNP, CNP is thought to function as both an autocrine and a paracrine factor in the vasculature, bone, and heart. The cytoplasmic domains of both NPR1 and NPR2 display a guanylate cyclase activity that catalyzes the formation of cyclic GMP. NPR3 lacks this guanylate cyclase activity and is reportedly coupled to Gi-dependent signaling. Recently, we reported that the continuous infusion of the peptide osteocrin, an endogenous ligand of NPR3 secreted by bone and muscle cells, lowered blood pressure in wild-type mice, suggesting that endogenous natriuretic peptides play major roles in the regulation of blood pressure. Neprilysin is a neutral endopeptidase that degrades several vasoactive peptides, including natriuretic peptides. The increased worldwide clinical use of the angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor for the treatment of chronic heart failure has brought renewed attention to the physiological effects of natriuretic peptides. In this review, we provide an overview of the discovery of ANP and its translational research. We also highlight our recent findings on the blood pressure regulatory effects of ANP, focusing on its molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tokudome
- Department of Pathophysiology of Heart Failure and Therapeutics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita 564-8565, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6170-1069
| | - Kentaro Otani
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita 564-8565, Japan
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18
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Sangaralingham SJ, Kuhn M, Cannone V, Chen HH, Burnett JC. Natriuretic peptide pathways in heart failure: further therapeutic possibilities. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3416-3433. [PMID: 36004816 PMCID: PMC9897690 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the heart as an endocrine organ resulted in a remarkable recognition of the natriuretic peptide system (NPS). Specifically, research has established the production of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) from the heart, which exert pleiotropic cardiovascular, endocrine, renal, and metabolic actions via the particulate guanylyl cyclase A receptor (GC-A) and the second messenger, cGMP. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is produced in the endothelium and kidney and mediates important protective auto/paracrine actions via GC-B and cGMP. These actions, in part, participate in the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure (HF) due to the augmentation of the NPS. Here, we will review important insights into the biology of the NPS, the role of precision medicine, and focus on the phenotypes of human genetic variants of ANP and BNP in the general population and the relevance to HF. We will also provide an update of the existence of NP deficiency states, including in HF, which provide the rationale for further therapeutics for the NPS. Finally, we will review the field of peptide engineering and the development of novel designer NPs for the treatment of HF. Notably, the recent discovery of a first-in-class small molecule GC-A enhancer, which is orally deliverable, will be highlighted. These innovative designer NPs and small molecule possess enhanced and novel properties for the treatment of HF and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jeson Sangaralingham
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic 200 1st St SW, Rochester MN 55905, USA
| | - Michaela Kuhn
- Institute of Physiology, University of Wuerzburg, Roentgenring 9, D-97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Cannone
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Horng H Chen
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - John C Burnett
- Corresponding author. Tel: 507 284-4343; fax: 507 266-4710; E-mail:
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19
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Li J, Zhuo N, Zhang J, Sun Q, Si J, Wang K, Zhi D. The loading of C-type natriuretic peptides improved hemocompatibility and vascular regeneration of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) grafts. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:304-316. [PMID: 36002127 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
As a result of thrombosis or intimal hyperplasia, synthetic artificial vascular grafts had a low success rate when they were used to replace small-diameter arteries (inner diameter < 6 mm). C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP) have anti-thrombotic effects, and can promote endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) over-growth. In this study, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) vascular grafts loaded with CNP (PCL-CNP) were constructed by electrospinning. The PCL-CNP grafts were able to continuously release CNP at least 25 days in vitro. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical testing showed that the loading of CNP did not change the microstructure and mechanical properties of the PCL grafts. In vitro blood compatibility analysis displayed that PCL-CNP grafts could inhibit thrombin activity and reduce platelet adhesion and activation. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that PCL-CNP grafts activated ERK1/2 and Akt signaling in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), as well as increased cyclin D1 expression, enhanced proliferation and migration, and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and nitric oxide (NO) production. The rabbit arteriovenous (AV)-shunt ex vitro indicated that CNP loading significantly improved the antithrombogenicity of PCL grafts. The assessment of vascular grafts in rat abdominal aorta implantation model displayed that PCL-CNP grafts promoted the regeneration of ECs and contractile SMCs, modulated macrophage polarization toward M2 phenotype, and enhanced extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings confirmed for the first time that loading CNP is an effective approach to improve the hemocompatibility and vascular regeneration of synthetic vascular grafts. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : Small-diameter (< 6 mm) vascular grafts (SDVGs) have not been made clinically available due to their prevalence of thrombosis, limited endothelial regeneration and intimal hyperplasia. The incorporation of bioactive molecules into SDVGs serves as an effective solution to improve hemocompatibility and endothelialization. In this study, for the first time, we loaded C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP) into PCL grafts by electrospunning and confirmed the effectiveness of loading CNP on improving the hemocompatibility and vascular regeneration of artificial vascular grafts. Regenerative advantages included enhancement of endothelialization, modulation of macrophage polarization toward M2 phenotypes, and improved contractile smooth muscle cell regeneration. Our investigation brings attention to CNP as a valuable bioactive molecule for modifying cardiovascular biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Na Zhuo
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jingai Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiqi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianghua Si
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dengke Zhi
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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20
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CNP, the Third Natriuretic Peptide: Its Biology and Significance to the Cardiovascular System. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070986. [PMID: 36101368 PMCID: PMC9312265 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary CNP is the third natriuretic peptide to be isolated and is widely expressed in the central nervous system, osteochondral system, and vascular system. The receptor that is mainly targeted by CNP is GC-B, which differs from GC-A, the receptor targeted by the other two natriuretic peptides, ANP and BNP. Consequently, the actions of CNP differ somewhat from those of ANP and BNP. Research into the actions of CNP has shown that CNP attenuates cardiac remodeling in animal models of cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis. Studies examining CNP/GC-B signaling showed that it contributes to the prevention of cardiac stiffness. Endogenous CNP, perhaps acting in part through CNP/NPR-C signaling, contributes to the regulation of vascular function and blood pressure. CNP regulates vascular remodeling and angiogenesis via CNP/GC-B/CGK signaling. CNP attenuates interstitial fibrosis and fibrosis-related gene expression in pressure overload and myocardial infarction models. The clinical application of CNP as a therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases is anticipated. Abstract The natriuretic peptide family consists of three biologically active peptides: ANP, BNP, and CNP. CNP is more widely expressed than the other two peptides, with significant levels in the central nervous system, osteochondral system, and vascular system. The receptor that is mainly targeted by CNP is GC-B, which differs from GC-A, the receptor targeted by ANP and BNP. Consequently, the actions of CNP differ somewhat from those of ANP and BNP. CNP knockout leads to severe dwarfism, and there has been important research into the role of CNP in the osteochondral system. As a result, a CNP analog is now available for clinical use in patients with achondroplasia. In the cardiovascular system, CNP and its downstream signaling are involved in the regulatory mechanisms underlying myocardial remodeling, cardiac function, vascular tone, angiogenesis, and fibrosis, among others. This review focuses on the roles of CNP in the cardiovascular system and considers its potential for clinical application in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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21
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Physiological and Pathophysiological Effects of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide on the Heart. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060911. [PMID: 35741432 PMCID: PMC9219612 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the third member of the natriuretic peptide family. Unlike atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), CNP was not previously regarded as an important cardiac modulator. However, recent studies have revealed the physiological and pathophysiological importance of CNP in the heart; in concert with its cognate natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B), CNP has come to be regarded as the major heart-protective natriuretic peptide in the failed heart. In this review, I introduce the history of research on CNP in the cardiac field. Abstract C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the third member of the natriuretic peptide family. Unlike other members, i.e., atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which are cardiac hormones secreted from the atrium and ventricle of the heart, respectively, CNP is regarded as an autocrine/paracrine regulator with broad expression in the body. Because of its low expression levels compared to ANP and BNP, early studies failed to show its existence and role in the heart. However, recent studies have revealed the physiological and pathophysiological importance of CNP in the heart; in concert with the distribution of its specific natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B), CNP has come to be regarded as the major heart-protective natriuretic peptide in the failed heart. NPR-B generates intracellular cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP) upon CNP binding, followed by various molecular effects including the activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinases, which generates diverse cytoprotective actions in cardiomyocytes, as well as in cardiac fibroblasts. CNP exerts negative inotropic and positive lusitropic responses in both normal and failing heart models. Furthermore, osteocrin, the intrinsic and specific ligand for the clearance receptor for natriuretic peptides, can augment the effects of CNP and may supply a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiac protection.
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22
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Smith R, Perez-Ternero C, Conole D, Martin C, Myers SH, Hobbs AJ, Selwood DL. A Series of Substituted Bis-Aminotriazines Are Activators of the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor C. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5495-5513. [PMID: 35333039 PMCID: PMC9014859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is involved in the regulation of vascular homeostasis, which is at least partly mediated through agonism of natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR-C), and loss of this signaling has been associated with vascular dysfunction. As such, NPR-C is a novel therapeutic target to treat cardiovascular diseases. A series of novel small molecules have been designed and synthesized, and their structure-activity relationships were evaluated by a surface plasmon resonance binding assay. The biological activity of hit compounds was confirmed through organ bath assays measuring vascular relaxation and inhibition of cAMP production, which was shown to be linked to its NPR-C activity. Lead compound 1 was identified as a potent agonist (EC50 ∼ 1 μM) with promising in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert
J. Smith
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| | - Cristina Perez-Ternero
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Daniel Conole
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| | - Capucine Martin
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Samuel H. Myers
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| | - Adrian J. Hobbs
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - David L. Selwood
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
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23
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Numata G, Takimoto E. Cyclic GMP and PKG Signaling in Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:792798. [PMID: 35479330 PMCID: PMC9036358 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.792798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), produced by guanylate cyclase (GC), activates protein kinase G (PKG) and regulates cardiac remodeling. cGMP/PKG signal is activated by two intrinsic pathways: nitric oxide (NO)-soluble GC and natriuretic peptide (NP)-particulate GC (pGC) pathways. Activation of these pathways has emerged as a potent therapeutic strategy to treat patients with heart failure, given cGMP-PKG signaling is impaired in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Large scale clinical trials in patients with HFrEF have shown positive results with agents that activate cGMP-PKG pathways. In patients with HFpEF, however, benefits were observed only in a subgroup of patients. Further investigation for cGMP-PKG pathway is needed to develop better targeting strategies for HFpEF. This review outlines cGMP-PKG pathway and its modulation in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genri Numata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Translational Research and Medicine in Management of Pulmonary Hypertension, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
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24
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Abstract
The global mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs associated with cardiometabolic disease, including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, are substantial and represent an expanding unmet medical need. Herein, we have identified a physiological role for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in regulating key processes, including thermogenesis and adipogenesis, which combine to coordinate metabolic function and prevent the development of cardiometabolic disorders. This protective mechanism, which is in part mediated via an autocrine action of CNP on adipocytes, is underpinned by activation of cognate natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR)-B and NPR-C. This mechanism advances the fundamental understanding of energy homeostasis and glucose handling and offers the promise of improving the treatment of cardiometabolic disease. Thermogenesis and adipogenesis are tightly regulated mechanisms that maintain lipid homeostasis and energy balance; dysfunction of these critical processes underpins obesity and contributes to cardiometabolic disease. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) fulfills a multimodal protective role in the cardiovascular system governing local blood flow, angiogenesis, cardiac function, and immune cell reactivity. Herein, we investigated a parallel, preservative function for CNP in coordinating metabolic homeostasis. Global inducible CNP knockout mice exhibited reduced body weight, higher temperature, lower adiposity, and greater energy expenditure in vivo. This thermogenic phenotype was associated with increased expression of uncoupling protein-1 and preferential lipid utilization by mitochondria, a switch corroborated by a corresponding diminution of insulin secretion and glucose clearance. Complementary studies in isolated murine and human adipocytes revealed that CNP exerts these metabolic regulatory actions by inhibiting sympathetic thermogenic programming via Gi-coupled natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-C and reducing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α expression, while concomitantly driving adipogenesis via NPR-B/protein kinase-G. Finally, we identified an association between CNP/NPR-C expression and obesity in patient samples. These findings establish a pivotal physiological role for CNP as a metabolic switch to balance energy homeostasis. Pharmacological targeting of these receptors may offer therapeutic utility in the metabolic syndrome and related cardiovascular disorders.
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Skeletal muscle derived Musclin protects the heart during pathological overload. Nat Commun 2022; 13:149. [PMID: 35013221 PMCID: PMC8748430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is associated with poor prognosis in chronic heart failure patients, but the underlying mechanisms of cachexia triggered disease progression remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate whether the dysregulation of myokine expression from wasting skeletal muscle exaggerates heart failure. RNA sequencing from wasting skeletal muscles of mice with heart failure reveals a reduced expression of Ostn, which encodes the secreted myokine Musclin, previously implicated in the enhancement of natriuretic peptide signaling. By generating skeletal muscle specific Ostn knock-out and overexpressing mice, we demonstrate that reduced skeletal muscle Musclin levels exaggerate, while its overexpression in muscle attenuates cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis during pressure overload. Mechanistically, Musclin enhances the abundance of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), thereby promoting cardiomyocyte contractility through protein kinase A and inhibiting fibroblast activation through protein kinase G signaling. Because we also find reduced OSTN expression in skeletal muscle of heart failure patients, augmentation of Musclin might serve as therapeutic strategy.
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Takei Y. Evolution of the membrane/particulate guanylyl cyclase: From physicochemical sensors to hormone receptors. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 315:113797. [PMID: 33957096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Guanylyl cyclase (GC) is an enzyme that produces 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), one of the two canonical cyclic nucleotides used as a second messenger for intracellular signal transduction. The GCs are classified into two groups, particulate/membrane GCs (pGC) and soluble/cytosolic GCs (sGC). In relation to the endocrine system, pGCs include hormone receptors for natriuretic peptides (GC-A and GC-B) and guanylin peptides (GC-C), while sGC is a receptor for nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Comparing the functions of pGCs in eukaryotes, it is apparent that pGCs perceive various environmental factors such as light, temperature, and various external chemical signals in addition to endocrine hormones, and transmit the information into the cell using the intracellular signaling cascade initiated by cGMP, e.g., cGMP-dependent protein kinases, cGMP-sensitive cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels and cGMP-regulated phosphodiesterases. Among vertebrate pGCs, GC-E and GC-F are localized on retinal epithelia and are involved in modifying signal transduction from the photoreceptor, rhodopsin. GC-D and GC-G are localized in olfactory epithelia and serve as sensors at the extracellular domain for external chemical signals such as odorants and pheromones. GC-G also responds to guanylin peptides in the urine, which alters sensitivity to other chemicals. In addition, guanylin peptides that are secreted into the intestinal lumen, a pseudo-external environment, act on the GC-C on the apical membrane for regulation of epithelial transport. In this context, GC-C and GC-G appear to be in transition from exocrine pheromone receptor to endocrine hormone receptor. The pGCs also exist in various deuterostome and protostome invertebrates, and act as receptors for environmental, exocrine and endocrine factors including hormones. Tracing the evolutionary history of pGCs, it appears that pGCs first appeared as a sensor for physicochemical signals in the environment, and then evolved to function as hormone receptors. In this review, the author proposes an evolutionary history of pGCs that highlights the emerging role of the GC/cGMP system for signal transduction in hormone action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Takei
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan.
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Sogawa-Fujiwara C, Fujiwara Y, Hanagata A, Yang Q, Mihara T, Kaji N, Kunieda T, Hori M. Npr2 mutant mice show vasodilation and undeveloped adipocytes in mesentery. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:438. [PMID: 34838130 PMCID: PMC8626926 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The biological importance for the signaling of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) has been recognized. However, the details remain unclear and are debatable. The Npr2 is a gene of NPR-B, and we previously reported a unique phenotype of a spontaneous mutant mouse lacking Npr2 (Npr2slw/slw), such as severe ileus-like disorder with bloodless blood vessels. In this study, we analyzed the bloodless mesenteric vascular morphology of Npr2slw/slw by histological observation to clarify the effects of the CNP/NPR-B signal deficiency. Results Blood vessels in the mesentery were clearly dilated in the preweaning Npr2slw/slw mice. Additionally, in the Npr2slw/slw mice, the lacteals were partially dilation or randomly direction mucosal epithelial cells in villi, and mesenteric adipocytes were undeveloped. These findings provide important information for understanding the role of CNP/NPR-B signals on intestine with mesentery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizuru Sogawa-Fujiwara
- Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Pathology and Development, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Atsuki Hanagata
- Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Qunhui Yang
- Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Taiki Mihara
- Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kaji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kunieda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medcine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Cheng C, Xue F, Sui W, Meng L, Xie L, Zhang C, Yang J, Zhang Y. Deletion of natriuretic peptide receptor C alleviates adipose tissue inflammation in hypercholesterolemic Apolipoprotein E knockout mice. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9837-9850. [PMID: 34528389 PMCID: PMC8505842 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammation of adipose tissue is one of the most common secondary pathological changes in atherosclerosis, which in turn influences the process of atherosclerosis. Natriuretic peptides have been revealed important effect in regulating adipose metabolism. However, the relationship between natriuretic peptide receptor C and inflammation of adipose tissue in atherosclerosis remains unknown. This study aims to explore the effect natriuretic peptide receptor C exerts on the regulation of the adipose inflammation in atherosclerotic mice induced by western-type diet and its overlying mechanisms. To clarify the importance of NPRC of adipose inflammation in atherosclerotic mice, NPRC expression was measured in mice fed with chow diet and western-type diet for 12 weeks and we found a considerable increase in adipose tissue of atherosclerotic mice. Global NPRC knockout in mice was bred onto ApoE-/- mice to generate NPRC-/- ApoE-/- mice, which displayed remarked increase in browning of white adipose tissue and lipolysis of adipose tissue and decrease in adipose inflammation manifested by decreased macrophage invasion to form less CLS (crown-like structure), reduced oxidative stress and alleviated expression of TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β and MCP1, but increased expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue. Moreover, our study showed that white adipose tissue browning in NPRC-/- ApoE-/- atherosclerotic mice was associated with decreased inflammatory response through cAMP/PKA signalling activation. These results identify NPRC as a novel regulator for adipose inflammation in atherosclerotic mice by modulating white adipose tissue browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhai Sui
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Shen G, Hu S, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Ma Q. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Ameliorates Vascular Injury and Improves Neurological Outcomes in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168966. [PMID: 34445671 PMCID: PMC8396645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an important vascular regulator that is present in the brain. Our previous study demonstrated the innate neuroprotectant role of CNP in the neonatal brain after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insults. In this study, we further explored the role of CNP in cerebrovascular pathology using both in vivo and in vitro models. In a neonatal mouse HI brain injury model, we found that intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant CNP dose-dependently reduces brain infarct size. CNP significantly decreases brain edema and immunoglobulin G (IgG) extravasation into the brain tissue, suggesting a vasculoprotective effect of CNP. Moreover, in primary brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), CNP dose-dependently protects BMEC survival and monolayer integrity against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The vasculoprotective effect of CNP is mediated by its innate receptors NPR2 and NPR3, in that inhibition of either NPR2 or NPR3 counteracts the protective effect of CNP on IgG leakage after HI insult and BMEC survival under OGD. Of importance, CNP significantly ameliorates brain atrophy and improves neurological deficits after HI insults. Altogether, the present study indicates that recombinant CNP exerts vascular protection in neonatal HI brain injury via its innate receptors, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neonatal HI brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Shen
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (G.S.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shirley Hu
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (G.S.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (G.S.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Qingyi Ma
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (G.S.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-558-4325; Fax: +1-909-558-4029
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Hofmann F. The cGMP system: components and function. Biol Chem 2021; 401:447-469. [PMID: 31747372 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling system is one of the most prominent regulators of a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes in many mammalian and non-mammalian tissues. Targeting this pathway by increasing cGMP levels has been a very successful approach in pharmacology as shown for nitrates, phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors and stimulators of nitric oxide-guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) and particulate GC (pGC). This is an introductory review to the cGMP signaling system intended to introduce those readers to this system, who do not work in this area. This article does not intend an in-depth review of this system. Signal transduction by cGMP is controlled by the generating enzymes GCs, the degrading enzymes PDEs and the cGMP-regulated enzymes cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels, cGMP-dependent protein kinases and cGMP-regulated PDEs. Part A gives a very concise introduction to the components. Part B gives a very concise introduction to the functions modulated by cGMP. The article cites many recent reviews for those who want a deeper insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Hofmann
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D-80802 München, Germany
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32
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The mRNA-destabilizing protein Tristetraprolin targets "meiosis arrester" Nppc mRNA in mammalian preovulatory follicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2018345118. [PMID: 34031239 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018345118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
C-natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor guanylyl cyclase, natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2), are key regulators of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) homeostasis. The CNP-NPR2-cGMP signaling cascade plays an important role in the progression of oocyte meiosis, which is essential for fertility in female mammals. In preovulatory ovarian follicles, the luteinizing hormone (LH)-induced decrease in CNP and its encoding messenger RNA (mRNA) natriuretic peptide precursor C (Nppc) are a prerequisite for oocyte meiotic resumption. However, it has never been determined how LH decreases CNP/Nppc In the present study, we identified that tristetraprolin (TTP), also known as zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36), a ubiquitously expressed mRNA-destabilizing protein, is the critical mechanism that underlies the LH-induced decrease in Nppc mRNA. Zfp36 mRNA was transiently up-regulated in mural granulosa cells (MGCs) in response to the LH surge. Loss- and gain-of-function analyses indicated that TTP is required for Nppc mRNA degradation in preovulatory MGCs by targeting the rare noncanonical AU-rich element harbored in the Nppc 3' UTR. Moreover, MGC-specific knockout of Zfp36, as well as lentivirus-mediated knockdown in vivo, impaired the LH/hCG-induced Nppc mRNA decline and oocyte meiotic resumption. Furthermore, we found that LH/hCG activates Zfp36/TTP expression through the EGFR-ERK1/2-dependent pathway. Our findings reveal a functional role of TTP-induced mRNA degradation, a global posttranscriptional regulation mechanism, in orchestrating the progression of oocyte meiosis. We also provided a mechanism for understanding CNP-dependent cGMP homeostasis in diverse cellular processes.
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Yarlagadda RD, Johnson J, Vårtun Å, Flo K, Acharya G. Maternal plasma pro-atrial and C-type natriuretic peptide levels and their associations with cardiovascular and renal function in the second half of normal pregnancy: a longitudinal study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:358. [PMID: 33952207 PMCID: PMC8097896 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological adaptation in pregnancy is characterized by remodeling of endocrine, cardiovascular and renal functions leading to fluid retention, volume expansion, altered cardiac loading conditions and hyperdynamic circulation. Natriuretic peptides have been used as biomarkers of cardiovascular function, but their associations with gestational age-related changes in maternal cardiac, endothelial and renal function have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to establish longitudinal reference values for maternal plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and investigate their temporal association with cardiovascular and renal function in the second half of pregnancy. METHODS This study was a prospective longitudinal study of 53 low-risk pregnancies. Women were examined every 3-5 weeks during 22-40 weeks of gestation (252 observations). Fasting maternal blood samples were obtained to measure proANP, CNP, creatinine, cystatin C, uric acid, and fibrinogen levels. Cardiac function and systemic hemodynamics were assessed noninvasively by impedance cardiography (ICG) and vascular endothelial function by flow-mediated vasodilation of brachial artery (FMD). RESULTS The plasma proANP (R2adj = 0.79; P = 0.007), CNP (R2adj = 0.54; P = 0.005) decreased between 22 and 40 weeks. The creatinine (R2adj = 0.90; P < 0.001), cystatin C (R2adj = 0.93; P = < 0.001) and uric acid (R2adj = 0.83; P < 0.001) increased significantly, whereas the estimated glomerular filtration rate (R2adj = 0.93; P < 0.001) decreased with gestational age. The FMD did not change significantly but fibrinogen (R2adj = 0.79; P < 0.001) increased with advancing gestation. The maternal systemic vascular resistance index (R2adj = 0.50; P < 0.001) increased, stroke index (R2adj = 0.62; P < 0.001) decreased, whereas the cardiac index (R2adj = 0.62; P = 0.438) and thoracic fluid content (R2adj = 0.72; P = 0.132) did not change significantly with gestation. The proANP was associated with thoracic fluid content (R2adj = 0.74; P < 0.001) and fibrinogen (R2adj = 0.78; P = 0.034) but not with other variables of systemic hemodynamics, endothelial function, or renal function. The CNP was not associated significantly with parameters of cardiovascular or renal function. CONCLUSION Longitudinal reference values for maternal plasma proANP and CNP were established. These natriuretic peptides decreased slightly with advancing gestation, but they did not reflect the temporal physiological changes in maternal systemic hemodynamics, vascular endothelial function and renal function during the second half of pregnancy. The proANP correlated with the thoracic fluid content reflecting volume load in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima D Yarlagadda
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,The University of Virginia, College of Arts and Science, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jonas Johnson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åse Vårtun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kari Flo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. .,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. .,University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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Bubb KJ, Tang O, Gentile C, Moosavi SM, Hansen T, Liu CC, Di Bartolo BA, Figtree GA. FXYD1 Is Protective Against Vascular Dysfunction. Hypertension 2021; 77:2104-2116. [PMID: 33934624 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen J Bubb
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (K.J.B.)
| | - Owen Tang
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia (O.T., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.)
| | - Carmine Gentile
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia (C.G., S.M.M.)
| | - Seyed M Moosavi
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia (C.G., S.M.M.)
| | - Thomas Hansen
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia (O.T., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.)
| | - Chia-Chi Liu
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia (O.T., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia (C.-C.L.)
| | - Belinda A Di Bartolo
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia (O.T., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.)
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- From the University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health (K.J.B., O.T., C.G., S.M.M., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.).,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia (O.T., T.H., C.-C.L., B.A.D.B., G.A.F.)
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Kuwahara K. The natriuretic peptide system in heart failure: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107863. [PMID: 33894277 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides, which are activated in heart failure, play an important cardioprotective role. The most notable of the cardioprotective natriuretic peptides are atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which are abundantly expressed and secreted in the atrium and ventricles, respectively, and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), which is expressed mainly in the vasculature, central nervous system, and bone. ANP and BNP exhibit antagonistic effects against angiotensin II via diuretic/natriuretic actions, vasodilatory actions, and inhibition of aldosterone secretion, whereas CNP is involved in the regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure, among other roles. ANP and BNP are of particular interest with respect to heart failure, as their levels, most notably BNP and N-terminal proBNP-a cleavage product produced when proBNP is processed to mature BNP-are increased in patients with heart failure. Furthermore, the identification of natriuretic peptides as sensitive markers of cardiac load has driven significant research into their physiological roles in cardiovascular homeostasis and disease, as well as their potential use as both biomarkers and therapeutics. In this review, I discuss the physiological functions of the natriuretic peptide family, with a particular focus on the basic research that has led to our current understanding of its roles in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, and the pathophysiological implications for the onset and progression of heart failure. The clinical significance and potential of natriuretic peptides as diagnostic and/or therapeutic agents are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
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Aguilar M, Rose RA, Takawale A, Nattel S, Reilly S. New aspects of endocrine control of atrial fibrillation and possibilities for clinical translation. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1645-1661. [PMID: 33723575 PMCID: PMC8208746 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormones are potent endo-, para-, and autocrine endogenous regulators of the function of multiple organs, including the heart. Endocrine dysfunction promotes a number of cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation (AF). While the heart is a target for endocrine regulation, it is also an active endocrine organ itself, secreting a number of important bioactive hormones that convey significant endocrine effects, but also through para-/autocrine actions, actively participate in cardiac self-regulation. The hormones regulating heart-function work in concert to support myocardial performance. AF is a serious clinical problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mainly due to stroke and heart failure. Current therapies for AF remain inadequate. AF is characterized by altered atrial function and structure, including electrical and profibrotic remodelling in the atria and ventricles, which facilitates AF progression and hampers its treatment. Although features of this remodelling are well-established and its mechanisms are partly understood, important pathways pertinent to AF arrhythmogenesis are still unidentified. The discovery of these missing pathways has the potential to lead to therapeutic breakthroughs. Endocrine dysfunction is well-recognized to lead to AF. In this review, we discuss endocrine and cardiocrine signalling systems that directly, or as a consequence of an underlying cardiac pathology, contribute to AF pathogenesis. More specifically, we consider the roles of products from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the adrenal glands, adipose tissue, the renin–angiotensin system, atrial cardiomyocytes, and the thyroid gland in controlling atrial electrical and structural properties. The influence of endocrine/paracrine dysfunction on AF risk and mechanisms is evaluated and discussed. We focus on the most recent findings and reflect on the potential of translating them into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aguilar
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology/Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Robert A Rose
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Health Research Innovation Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Abhijit Takawale
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology/Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.,IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Shao S, Li XD, Lu YY, Li SJ, Chen XH, Zhou HD, He S, Guo YT, Lu X, Gao PJ, Wang JG. Renal Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-C Deficiency Attenuates NaCl Cotransporter Activity in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension. Hypertension 2021; 77:868-881. [PMID: 33486984 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified that NPR-C (natriuretic peptide receptor-C) variants are associated with elevation of blood pressure. However, the mechanism underlying the relationship between NPR-C and blood pressure regulation remains elusive. Here, we investigate whether NPR-C regulates Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced hypertension through sodium transporters activity. Wild-type mice responded to continuous Ang II infusion with an increased renal NPR-C expression. Global NPR-C deficiency attenuated Ang II-induced increased blood pressure both in male and female mice associated with more diuretic and natriuretic responses to a saline challenge. Interestingly, Ang II increased both total and phosphorylation of NCC (NaCl cotransporter) abundance involving in activation of WNK4 (with-no-lysine kinase 4)/SPAK (Ste20-related proline/alanine-rich kinase) which was blunted by NPR-C deletion. NCC inhibitor, hydrochlorothiazide, failed to induce natriuresis in NPR-C knockout mice. Moreover, low-salt and high-salt diets-induced changes of total and phosphorylation of NCC expression were normalized by NPR-C deletion. Importantly, tubule-specific deletion of NPR-C also attenuated Ang II-induced elevated blood pressure, total and phosphorylation of NCC expression. Mechanistically, in distal convoluted tubule cells, Ang II dose and time-dependently upregulated WNK4/SPAK/NCC kinase pathway and NPR-C/Gi/PLC/PKC signaling pathway mediated NCC activation. These results demonstrate that NPR-C signaling regulates NCC function contributing to sodium retention-mediated elevated blood pressure, which suggests that NPR-C is a promising candidate for the treatment of sodium retention-related hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/genetics
- Blood Pressure/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Hypertension/chemically induced
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/cytology
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/deficiency
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System/genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Sodium/blood
- Sodium/urine
- Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 3/genetics
- Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 3/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shao
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Lu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Shi-Jin Li
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Han-Dan Zhou
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Shun He
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yue-Tong Guo
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ji-Guang Wang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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Frees A, Assersen KB, Jensen M, Hansen PB, Vanhoutte PM, Madsen K, Federlein A, Lund L, Toft A, Jensen BL. Natriuretic peptides relax human intrarenal arteries through natriuretic peptide receptor type-A recapitulated by soluble guanylyl cyclase agonists. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13565. [PMID: 33010104 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Natriuretic peptides, BNP and ANP increase renal blood flow in experimental animals. The signalling pathway in human kidney vasculature is unknown. It was hypothesized that BNP and ANP cause endothelium-independent relaxation of human intrarenal arteries by vascular natriuretic peptide receptor-A, but not -B and -C, which is mimicked by agonists of soluble guanylyl cyclase sGC. METHODS Human (n = 54, diameter: 665 ± 29 µm 95% CI) and control murine intrarenal arteries (n = 83, diameter 300 ± 6 µm 95% CI) were dissected and used for force recording by four-channel wire myography. Arterial segments were pre-contracted, then subjected to increasing concentrations of BNP, ANP, phosphodiesterase 5-inhibitor sildenafil, sGC-activator BAY 60-2770 and -stimulator BAY 41-2272. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dependence was examined by use of L-NAME and eNOS knockout respectively. Molecular targets (NPR A-C, sGC, phosphodiesterase-5 and neprilysin) were mapped by PCR, immunohistochemistry and RNAscope. RESULTS BNP, ANP, sildenafil, sGC-activation and -stimulation caused concentration-dependent relaxation of human and murine intrarenal arteries. BNP responses were independent of eNOS and were not potentiated by low concentration of phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor, sGC-stimulator or NPR-C blocker. PCR showed NPR-A and C, phosphodiesterase-5, neprilysin and sGC mRNA in renal arteries. NPR-A mRNA and protein was observed in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells in arteries, podocytes, Bowmans capsule and vasa recta. NPR-C was observed in tubules, glomeruli and vasculature. CONCLUSION Activation of transmembrane NPR-A and soluble guanylyl cyclase relax human preglomerular arteries similarly to phosphodiestase-5 inhibition. The human renal arterial bed relaxes in response to cGMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Frees
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Kasper B. Assersen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Mia Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Pernille B.L. Hansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Paul M. Vanhoutte
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Kirsten Madsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Pathology Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| | - Anna Federlein
- Institute of Physiology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Lars Lund
- Department of Urology Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Anja Toft
- Department of Urology Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| | - Boye L. Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
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C-type natriuretic peptide-induced relaxation through cGMP-dependent protein kinase and SERCA activation is impaired in two kidney-one clip rat aorta. Life Sci 2021; 272:119223. [PMID: 33610574 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypertension underlies endothelial dysfunction, and activation of vasorelaxation signaling with low dependence on nitric oxide (NO) represents a good alternative for vascular modulation. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) causes relaxation by increasing cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) or Gi-protein activation through its natriuretic peptide receptor-B or -C, respectively. We have hypothesized that CNP could exerts its effects and could overcome endothelial dysfunction in two kidney-one clip (2K-1C) hypertensive rat aorta. Here, we investigate the intracellular signaling involved in CNP effects in hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 2K-1C hypertension was induced in male Wistar rats (200 g). CNP-induced vascular relaxation and cGMP production were investigated in rat thoracic aortas. The natriuretic peptide receptor-B and -C localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Calcium mobilization was assessed in endothelial cells from rat aortas. KEY FINDINGS CNP induced similar relaxation in normotensive and 2K-1C hypertensive rat aortas, which increased after endothelium removal. CNP-induced relaxation involved natriuretic peptide receptor-B and -C activation in 2K-1C rats. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) counter-regulated CNP-particulate GC (pGC) activation in aortas. CNP reduced endothelial calcium and increased cGMP production, which was lower in 2K-1C. CNP-induced cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activation was impaired in 2K-1C rat aorta. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicated CNP triggered relaxation through its natriuretic peptide receptor-B and -C in 2K-1C rat aortas, and that CNP-induced relaxation overcomes endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. In addition, NOS and sGC activities counter-regulate CNP-pGC activation to induce vascular relaxation.
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40
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Regan JT, Mirczuk SM, Scudder CJ, Stacey E, Khan S, Worwood M, Powles T, Dennis-Beron JS, Ginley-Hidinger M, McGonnell IM, Volk HA, Strickland R, Tivers MS, Lawson C, Lipscomb VJ, Fowkes RC. Sensitivity of the Natriuretic Peptide/cGMP System to Hyperammonaemia in Rat C6 Glioma Cells and GPNT Brain Endothelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020398. [PMID: 33672024 PMCID: PMC7919485 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the major natriuretic peptide of the central nervous system and acts via its selective guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B) receptor to regulate cGMP production in neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells. CNP is implicated in the regulation of neurogenesis, axonal bifurcation, as well as learning and memory. Several neurological disorders result in toxic concentrations of ammonia (hyperammonaemia), which can adversely affect astrocyte function. However, the relationship between CNP and hyperammonaemia is poorly understood. Here, we examine the molecular and pharmacological control of CNP in rat C6 glioma cells and rat GPNT brain endothelial cells, under conditions of hyperammonaemia. Concentration-dependent inhibition of C6 glioma cell proliferation by hyperammonaemia was unaffected by CNP co-treatment. Furthermore, hyperammonaemia pre-treatment (for 1 h and 24 h) caused a significant inhibition in subsequent CNP-stimulated cGMP accumulation in both C6 and GPNT cells, whereas nitric-oxide-dependent cGMP accumulation was not affected. CNP-stimulated cGMP efflux from C6 glioma cells was significantly reduced under conditions of hyperammonaemia, potentially via a mechanism involving changed in phosphodiesterase expression. Hyperammonaemia-stimulated ROS production was unaffected by CNP but enhanced by a nitric oxide donor in C6 cells. Extracellular vesicle production from C6 cells was enhanced by hyperammonaemia, and these vesicles caused impaired CNP-stimulated cGMP signalling in GPNT cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate functional interaction between CNP signalling and hyperammonaemia in C6 glioma and GPNT cells, but the exact mechanisms remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Regan
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - Samantha M. Mirczuk
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (I.M.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Christopher J. Scudder
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (I.M.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Emily Stacey
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - Sabah Khan
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - Michael Worwood
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - Torinn Powles
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - J. Sebastian Dennis-Beron
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - Matthew Ginley-Hidinger
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
| | - Imelda M. McGonnell
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (I.M.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Holger A. Volk
- Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Klinik für Kleintiere, Bünteweg, 930559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Rhiannon Strickland
- Clinical Sciences & Services, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK; (R.S.); (V.J.L.)
| | - Michael S. Tivers
- Paragon Veterinary Referrals, Paragon Business Village Paragon Way, Red Hall Cres, Wakefield WF1 2DF, UK;
| | - Charlotte Lawson
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (I.M.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Victoria J. Lipscomb
- Clinical Sciences & Services, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK; (R.S.); (V.J.L.)
| | - Robert C. Fowkes
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (J.T.R.); (S.M.M.); (C.J.S.); (E.S.); (S.K.); (M.W.); (T.P.); (J.S.D.-B.); (M.G.-H.)
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (I.M.M.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-207-468-1215
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Ovchinnikov AG, Gvozdeva AD, Blankova ZN, Borisov AA, Ageev FT. The Role of Neprilysin Inhibitors in the Treatment of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 60:1352. [PMID: 33487158 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2020.11.n1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and hemodynamic aggravation of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is largely due to progression of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. The key role in the normal maintenance of diastolic function is played by a high level of activity of the intracellular signaling axis, cyclic guanosine-monophosphate-protein kinase G, the activity of which is significantly reduced in HFpEF. The activity of this axis can be increased by increasing the bioavailability of natriuretic peptides by blocking the enzyme neutral endopeptidase (neprilisin), which is responsible for the destruction of natriuretic peptides.This review presents experimental and clinical data on the use of neprilysin inhibitors in HFpEF and addresses prospects of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A D Gvozdeva
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - Z N Blankova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - A A Borisov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - F T Ageev
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
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42
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Seyed Almoosavi SMM, Ghoorchi T, Naserian AA, Khanaki H, Drackley JK, Ghaffari MH. Effects of late-gestation heat stress independent of reduced feed intake on colostrum, metabolism at calving, and milk yield in early lactation of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:1744-1758. [PMID: 33309378 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to differentiate the effects of acute heat stress (HS) from those of decreased dry matter intake (DMI) during the prepartum period on metabolism, colostrum, and subsequent production of dairy cows. Holstein dairy cows (n = 30) with similar parity and body weight were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments on 45 d before calving: (1) cooled (CL, n = 10) conditions with ad libitum feed intake, (2) HS conditions with ad libitum feed intake (n = 10), and (3) pair-fed cooled (CLPF, n = 10) with reduced DMI similar to the HS group while housed under cooled conditions. The reduction in the amount of feed offered to the CLPF cows was calculated daily as the percentage decrease from the average DMI of HS cows relative to the CL cows. For CLPF and CL cows, barns provided shade, sprinklers, and fans, whereas the HS cows were provided only with shade. Cows in all groups received individually the same total mixed ration. Cows were dried off 60 d before the expected calving. Cows in the HS group and, by design, the CLPF cows had reduced DMI (~20%) during the experiment. Heat stress decreased gestation length, first colostrum yield, and calf birth weight compared with CL and CLPF cows. Milk yield decreased 21% (5 kg) in the HS and 8% (2 kg) in CLPF cows, indicating that reduced feed intake during late gestation accounted for 60% of the total reduced milk yield. The CLPF cows exhibited an elevated NEFA concentration compared with the CL and HS cows. The HS cows had a greater mRNA abundance of HSP70 in the peripheral blood leukocytes at 21 d prepartum compared with the other groups. At calving, the mRNA abundance of HSP70 was greater in HS cows, followed by CLPF, compared with the CL cows. In conclusion, HS during the late gestation period caused metabolism and production differences, which were only partially attributed to reduced feed intake in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M M Seyed Almoosavi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran.
| | - T Ghoorchi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
| | - A A Naserian
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91779-48978, Iran
| | - H Khanaki
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Dookie Campus, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia
| | - J K Drackley
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jeson Sangaralingham
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John C Burnett
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a common consequence of several cardiovascular diseases and is understood as a vicious cycle of cardiac and hemodynamic decline. The current inventory of treatments either alleviates the pathophysiological features (eg, cardiac dysfunction, neurohumoral activation, and ventricular remodeling) and/or targets any underlying pathologies (eg, hypertension and myocardial infarction). Yet, since these do not provide a cure, the morbidity and mortality associated with HF remains high. Therefore, the disease constitutes an unmet medical need, and novel therapies are desperately needed. Cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP), synthesized by nitric oxide (NO)- and natriuretic peptide (NP)-responsive guanylyl cyclase (GC) enzymes, exerts numerous protective effects on cardiac contractility, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Impaired cGMP signaling, which can occur after GC deactivation and the upregulation of cyclic nucleotide-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterases (PDEs), promotes cardiac dysfunction. In this study, we review the role that NO/cGMP and NP/cGMP signaling plays in HF. After considering disease etiology, the physiological effects of cGMP in the heart are discussed. We then assess the evidence from preclinical models and patients that compromised cGMP signaling contributes to the HF phenotype. Finally, the potential of pharmacologically harnessing cardioprotective cGMP to rectify the present paucity of effective HF treatments is examined.
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45
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Shabbir A, Rathod KS, Khambata RS, Ahluwalia A. Sex Differences in the Inflammatory Response: Pharmacological Opportunities for Therapeutics for Coronary Artery Disease. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 61:333-359. [PMID: 33035428 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coordinated molecular responses are key to effective initiation and resolution of both acute and chronic inflammation. Vascular inflammation plays an important role in initiating and perpetuating atherosclerotic disease, specifically at the site of plaque and subsequent fibrous cap rupture. Both men and women succumb to this disease process, and although management strategies have focused on revascularization and pharmacological therapies in the acute situation to reverse vessel closure and prevent thrombogenesis, data now suggest that regulation of host inflammation may improve both morbidity and mortality, thus supporting the notion that prevention is better than cure. There is a clear sex difference in the incidence of vascular disease, and data confirm biological differences in inflammatory initiation and resolution between men and women. This article reviews contemporary opinions describing the sex difference in the initiation and resolution of inflammatory responses, with a view to explore potential targets for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Shabbir
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom;
| | - Krishnaraj Sinhji Rathod
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom;
| | - Rayomand Syrus Khambata
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom;
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom;
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46
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Prickett TC, A Espiner E. Circulating products of C-type natriuretic peptide and links with organ function in health and disease. Peptides 2020; 132:170363. [PMID: 32634451 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paracrine actions of CNP and rapid degradation at source severely limit study of CNP's many roles in vivo. However provided sensitive and validated assays are used, there is increasing evidence that low concentrations of bioactive CNP in plasma, and the readily detectable concentrations of the bio-inactive processed product of proCNP (aminoterminal proCNP), can be used to advance understanding of the hormone's role in pathophysiology. Provided renal function is normal, concordant changes in both CNP and NTproCNP reflect change in tissue production of proCNP whereas change in CNP alone results from altered rates of bioactive CNP degradation and are reflected in the ratio of NTproCNP to CNP. As already shown in juveniles, where plasma concentration of CNP products are higher and are associated with concurrent endochondral bone growth, measurements of plasma CNP products in mature adults have potential to clarify organ response to stress and injury. Excepting the role of CNP in fetal-maternal welfare, this review examines evidence linking plasma CNP products with function of a wide range of tissues in adults, including the impact of extraneous factors such as nutrients, hormone therapy and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Cr Prickett
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, 8140 New Zealand.
| | - Eric A Espiner
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, 8140 New Zealand
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47
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Kato J. Natriuretic peptides and neprilysin inhibition in hypertension and hypertensive organ damage. Peptides 2020; 132:170352. [PMID: 32610060 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The family of natriuretic peptides (NPs) discovered in mammalian tissues including cardiac atrium and brain consists of three members, namely, atrial, B- and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, CNP). Since the discovery, basic and clinical studies have been vigorously performed to explore the biological functions and pathophysiological roles of NPs in a wide range of diseases including hypertension and heart failure. These studies revealed that ANP and BNP are hormones secreted from the heart into the blood stream in response to pre- or after-load, counteracting blood pressure (BP) elevation and fluid retention through specific receptors. Meanwhile, CNP was found to be produced by the vascular endothelium, acting as a local mediator potentially serving protective functions for the blood vessels. Because NPs not only exert blood pressure lowering actions but also alleviate hypertensive organ damage, attempts have been made to develop therapeutic agents for hypertension by utilizing this family of NPs. One strategy is to inhibit neprilysin, an enzyme degrading NPs, thereby enhancing the actions of endogenous peptides. Recently, a dual inhibitor of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin was approved for heart failure, and neprilysin inhibition has also been shown to be beneficial in treating patients with hypertension. This review summarizes the roles of NPs in regulating BP, with special references to hypertension and hypertensive organ damage, and discusses the therapeutic implications of neprilysin inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johji Kato
- Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
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Špiranec Spes K, Chen W, Krebes L, Völker K, Abeßer M, Eder Negrin P, Cellini A, Nickel A, Nikolaev VO, Hofmann F, Schuh K, Schweda F, Kuhn M. Heart-Microcirculation Connection: Effects of ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) on Pericytes Participate in the Acute and Chronic Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2020; 76:1637-1648. [PMID: 32951468 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) moderates arterial blood pressure. The mechanisms mediating its hypotensive effects are complex and involve inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, increased natriuresis, endothelial permeability, and vasodilatation. The contribution of the direct vasodilating effects of ANP to blood pressure homeostasis is controversial because variable levels of the ANP receptor, GC-A (guanylyl cyclase-A), are expressed among vascular beds. Here, we show that ANP stimulates GC-A/cyclic GMP signaling in cultured microvascular pericytes and thereby the phosphorylation of the regulatory subunit of myosin phosphatase 1 by cGMP-dependent protein kinase I. Moreover, ANP prevents the calcium and contractile responses of pericytes to endothelin-1 as well as microvascular constrictions. In mice with conditional inactivation (knock-out) of GC-A in microcirculatory pericytes, such vasodilating effects of ANP on precapillary arterioles and capillaries were fully abolished. Concordantly, these mice have increased blood pressure despite preserved renal excretory function. Furthermore, acute intravascular volume expansion, which caused release of cardiac ANP, did not affect blood pressure of control mice but provoked hypertensive reactions in pericyte GC-A knock-out littermates. We conclude that GC-A/cGMP-dependent modulation of pericytes and microcirculatory tone contributes to the acute and chronic moderation of arterial blood pressure by ANP. Graphic Abstract A graphic abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Špiranec Spes
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (K.S.S., W.C., P.E.N., A.C., A.N., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wen Chen
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (K.S.S., W.C., P.E.N., A.C., A.N., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany.,The Affiliated Haimen Hospital, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China (W.C.)
| | - Lisa Krebes
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Völker
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marco Abeßer
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Eder Negrin
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (K.S.S., W.C., P.E.N., A.C., A.N., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonella Cellini
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (K.S.S., W.C., P.E.N., A.C., A.N., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nickel
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (K.S.S., W.C., P.E.N., A.C., A.N., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (V.O.N.)
| | - Franz Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TU Munich, Germany (F.H.)
| | - Kai Schuh
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Schweda
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Germany (F.S.)
| | - Michaela Kuhn
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg (K.S.S., W.C., L.K., K.V., M.A., K.S., M.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
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49
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Defective development and microcirculation of intestine in Npr2 mutant mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14761. [PMID: 32901096 PMCID: PMC7479618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intractable gastrointestinal (GI) diseases often develop during infancy. Our group previously reported that natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B)-deficient Npr2slw/slw mice exhibit severe intestinal dysfunction, such as stenosis and distention, which resembles the dysfunction observed in Hirschsprung’s disease-allied disorders. However, the root cause of intestinal dysfunction and the detailed of pathophysiological condition in the intestine are not yet clear. Here, we report that the intestine of preweaning Npr2slw/slw mice showed bloodless blood vessels, and nodes were found in the lymphatic vessel. Additionally, the lacteals, smooth muscle, blood vessel, and nerves were barely observed in the villi of preweaning Npr2slw/slw mice. Moreover, intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-IM) were clearly reduced. In contrast, villi and ICC-IM were developed normally in surviving adult Npr2slw/slw mice. However, adult Npr2slw/slw mice exhibited partially hypoplastic blood vessels and an atrophied enteric nervous. Furthermore, adult Npr2slw/slw mice showed markedly reduced white adipose tissue. These findings suggest that the cause of GI dysfunction in preweaning Npr2slw/slw mice is attributed to defective intestinal development with microcirculation disorder. Thus, it is suggested that NPR-B signaling is involved in intestinal development and control of microcirculation and fat metabolism. This report provides new insights into intractable GI diseases, obesity, and NPR-B signaling.
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50
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Krylatov AV, Tsibulnikov SY, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Boshchenko AA, Goldberg VE, Jaggi AS, Erben RG, Maslov LN. The Role of Natriuretic Peptides in the Regulation of Cardiac Tolerance to Ischemia/Reperfusion and Postinfarction Heart Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2020; 26:131-148. [PMID: 32840121 DOI: 10.1177/1074248420952243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the past 10 years, mortality from acute myocardial infarction has not decreased despite the widespread introduction of percutaneous coronary intervention. The reason for this situation is the absence in clinical practice of drugs capable of preventing reperfusion injury of the heart with high efficiency. In this regard, noteworthy natriuretic peptides (NPs) which have the infarct-limiting effect, prevent reperfusion cardiac injury, prevent adverse post-infarction remodeling of the heart. Atrial natriuretic peptide does not have the infarct-reducing effect in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. NPs have the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. There is indirect evidence that NPs inhibit pyroptosis and autophagy. Published data indicate that NPs inhibit reactive oxygen species production in cardiomyocytes, aorta, heart, kidney and the endothelial cells. NPs can suppress aldosterone, angiotensin II, endothelin-1 synthesize and secretion. NPs inhibit the effects aldosterone, angiotensin II on the post-receptor level through intracellular signaling events. NPs activate guanylyl cyclase, protein kinase G and protein kinase A, and reduce phosphodiesterase 3 activity. NO-synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase are involved in the cardioprotective effect of NPs. The cardioprotective effect of natriuretic peptides is mediated via activation of kinases (AMPK, PKC, PI3 K, ERK1/2, p70s6 k, Akt) and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. The cardioprotective effect of NPs is mediated via sarcolemmal KATP channel and mitochondrial KATP channel opening. The cardioprotective effect of brain natriuretic peptide is mediated via MPT pore closing. The anti-fibrotic effect of NPs may be mediated through inhibition TGF-β1 expression. Natriuretic peptides can inhibit NF-κB activity and activate GATA. Hemeoxygenase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ may be involved in the infarct-reducing effect of NPs. NPs exhibit the infarct-limiting effect in patients with acute myocardial infarction. NPs prevent post-infarction remodeling of the heart. To finally resolve the question of the feasibility of using NPs in AMI, a multicenter, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled study is needed to assess the effect of NPs on the mortality of patients after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Krylatov
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Y Tsibulnikov
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Alla A Boshchenko
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Victor E Goldberg
- Cancer Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Amteshwar S Jaggi
- 429174Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Department of Biomedical Research, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leonid N Maslov
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
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