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McCausland K, Booth S, Leaversuch F, Freeman B, Wolf K, Leaver T, Jancey J. Socio-ecological factors that influence youth vaping: perspectives from Western Australian school professionals, parents and young people. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2322753. [PMID: 38416991 PMCID: PMC10903751 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2322753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand from the perspectives of school professionals, parents and young people the socio-ecological factors that may facilitate and prevent e-cigarette use among young people in Perth, Western Australia. METHODS Purposive sampling was used to recruit school professionals, parents and young people for one-on-one (n = 35) or joint (n = 3) interviews (in-person n = 11 or online n = 27). Data were analysed using thematic analysis and classified into four domains based on the socio-ecological model: i) individual, ii) interpersonal, iii) organizational/community and iv) societal/policy. RESULTS Factors that were found to support vaping among young people included sensation-seeking and risk-taking behaviour; a low-risk perception of vapes; attractive characteristics of vapes; ease of access; perception vaping is a social activity; and lack of knowledge about vaping among parents and school professionals. Vaping prevention messages originating from the familial, educational and community spheres are lacking but wanted by adults and young people. CONCLUSIONS The pervasiveness of the e-cigarette trade and persistent challenges related to surveillance and enforcement need to be addressed to reduce exposure and access to e-cigarettes. A mixture of "hard" and "soft" public policy tools involving key stakeholders in a range of settings is needed to prevent e-cigarette access and uptake by young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahlia McCausland
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Booth
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Francene Leaversuch
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Becky Freeman
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharina Wolf
- School of Management and Marketing, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tama Leaver
- School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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Vázquez AL, Navarro Flores CM, Garcia BH, Barrett TS, Domenech Rodríguez MM. An ecological examination of early adolescent e-cigarette use: A machine learning approach to understanding a health epidemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0287878. [PMID: 38354165 PMCID: PMC10866513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
E-cigarette use among adolescents is a national health epidemic spreading faster than researchers can amass evidence for risk and protective factors and long-term consequences associated with use. New technologies, such as machine learning, may assist prevention programs in identifying at risk youth and potential targets for intervention before adolescents enter developmental periods where e-cigarette use escalates. The present study utilized machine learning algorithms to explore a wide array of individual and socioecological variables in relation to patterns of lifetime e-cigarette use during early adolescence (i.e., exclusive, or with tobacco cigarettes). Extant data was used from 14,346 middle school students (Mage = 12.5, SD = 1.1; 6th and 8th grades) who participated in the Utah Prevention Needs Assessment. Students self-reported their substance use behaviors and related risk and protective factors. Machine learning algorithms examined 112 individual and socioecological factors as potential classifiers of lifetime e-cigarette use outcomes. The elastic net algorithm achieved outstanding classification for lifetime exclusive (AUC = .926) and dual use (AUC = .944) on a validation test set. Six high value classifiers were identified that varied in importance by outcome: Lifetime alcohol or marijuana use, perception of e-cigarette availability and risk, school suspension(s), and perceived risk of smoking marijuana regularly. Specific classifiers were important for lifetime exclusive (parent's attitudes regarding student vaping, best friend[s] tried alcohol or marijuana) and dual use (best friend[s] smoked cigarettes, lifetime inhalant use). Our findings provide specific targets for the adaptation of existing substance use prevention programs to address early adolescent e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro L. Vázquez
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Cynthia M. Navarro Flores
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Byron H. Garcia
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Tyson S. Barrett
- Highmark Health, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Khalil GE, McLean D, Ramirez E, Mihaj PP, Zhao B, Dhar B, Khan M. Developing a text-message library for tobacco prevention among adolescents: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296503. [PMID: 38175835 PMCID: PMC10766181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Communicating the risks associated with nicotine and tobacco use to adolescents can be challenging, especially with the current tobacco market's attempt to capture the attention of youths. Text message interventions have emerged to address the need to improve tobacco risk communication. This article informs the design of a message library for tobacco risk communication that is based on the transtheoretical model and addresses the risk of multiple tobacco products. METHODS We draw findings from this study from two phases. Phase 1 involved six remote focus group discussions (n = 25) and an in-depth interview, and Phase 2 involved online ideation sessions (n = 11) that led to the current version of the messages. We conducted the study within a larger project for the design and testing of a tobacco prevention program. With thematic analysis and the affinity mapping technique, two research team members identified repeated topics and relevant quotes to organize them into themes and subthemes. RESULTS In Phase 1, thematic analysis revealed four major themes: 1) Adolescents' gap in tobacco knowledge, 2) Social influence and popularity, 3) Attitude toward marketing, and 4) Text message framing preferences. During Phase 2, participants generated 1-to-7 iterations of the original messages. Votings and discussions resulted in a library of 306 messages under 7 sections, categorized based on the processes of change from the transtheoretical model. CONCLUSION The current study presents key insights crucial for developing and evaluating a library of tobacco prevention text messages that is scientifically valid and successfully resonates with today's adolescents. Our future plan is to go beyond this initial message development and vet the message library by adolescents and expert reviewers in tobacco risk communication. Future research may consider developing messages that are tailored based on gender, ethnicity, and other factors that are predictive of tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Elias Khalil
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - David McLean
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Erica Ramirez
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paris Piere Mihaj
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bairu Zhao
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Biswadeep Dhar
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Meerah Khan
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Struik L, Christianson K, Khan S, Yang Y, Werstuik ST, Dow-Fleisner S, Ben-David S. Factors that influence decision-making among youth who vape and youth who don't vape. Addict Behav Rep 2023; 18:100509. [PMID: 37519860 PMCID: PMC10382621 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaping rates among Canadian youth are significantly higher compared to adults. While it is acknowledged that various personal and socio-environmental factors influence the risk of school-aged youth for vaping uptake, we don't know which known behavior change factors are most influential, for whom, and how. The Unified Theory of Behavior (UTB) brings together theoretically-based behavior change factors that influence health risk decision making. We aimed to use this framework to study the factors that influence decision making around vaping among school-aged youth. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 youth aged 12 to 18 who were either vaped or didn't vape. We employed a collaborative and directed content analysis approach and the UTB constructs served as the coding framework for analysis. Gender differences were explored in the analysis. We found that multiple intersecting factors play a significant role in youth decision making to vape. Youth who vaped and those who did not vape reported similar mediating determinants that either reinforced or challenged their decision-making, such as easy access to vaping, constant exposure to vaping, and the temptation of flavors. Youth who didn't vape reported individual determinants that strengthened their intentions to not vape, including more negative behavioral beliefs (e.g., vaping is harmful) and normative beliefs (e.g., family disapproves), and strong self-efficacy (e.g. self-confidence). Youth who did vape, however, reported individual determinants that supported their intentions to vape, such as social identity, coolness, and peer endorsement. The findings revealed cohesion across multiple determinants, suggesting that consideration of multiple determinents when developing prevention messages would be beneficial for reaching youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Struik
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kyla Christianson
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shaheer Khan
- Interdisciplinary Studies, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Youjin Yang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Saige-Taylor Werstuik
- Interdisciplinary Studies, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Dow-Fleisner
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shelly Ben-David
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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Silva-Gallardo CP, Maggs JL. Pubertal development at age 14 is associated with male adolescents' combustible cigarette smoking and dual use, but not with e-cigarette use - Findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 253:111031. [PMID: 37995392 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent nicotine exposure via electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is a global health concern. Pubertal development earlier than peers increases the risk of tobacco smoking compared to peers experiencing on-time or late maturation, yet relationships of pubertal timing with e-cigarettes are unknown. We examine whether early pubertal timing is associated with risk for e-cigarette use, tobacco cigarettes, or both by age 14. METHODS The Millennium Cohort Study follows a representative cohort of 18,552 9-month-old children born 2000-2002 in the United Kingdom. Our sample includes 11,445 adolescents (5697 boys, 5748 girls) classified at age 14 as early, on-time, or late in pubertal development timing (PDT) relative to same-age, same-sex peers using the Pubertal Development Scale. Outcomes were use of e-cigarettes, tobacco cigarettes, or both by age 14. We included childhood liability confounders and demographics measured from age 7-11. RESULTS For girls, no PDT differences in age 14 e-cigarette or tobacco cigarette use were observed. All relative to on-time PDT boys, early maturing boys' odds of tobacco cigarette use were 59% higher (OR=1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.08,2.35), and odds of dual-use were 49% higher (OR=1.49, CI=1.11,1.99), both compared to odds of never use. Among late PDT boys, dual-use odds were lower than never use by 35% (OR=0.65, CI=0.47,0.91) and lower than e-cigarette use only by 36% (OR=0.64, CI=0.42,0.97). CONCLUSIONS At age 14, PDT was not associated with e-cigarette use for either sex, yet it was linked with tobacco use and dual use among boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza P Silva-Gallardo
- Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Society and Health Research Center and Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Artes, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Evaluation and Analysis of Drug Policies (nDP), Chile.
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Pettigrew S, Santos JA, Pinho-Gomes AC, Li Y, Jones A. Exposure to e-cigarette advertising and young people's use of e-cigarettes: A four-country study. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:141. [PMID: 37881174 PMCID: PMC10594952 DOI: 10.18332/tid/172414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization recommends banning all forms of e-cigarette advertising, promotion, and sponsorship. The aims of the present study were to: 1) examine young people's exposure to e-cigarette advertising across a wide range of media in four diverse countries; and 2) identify any association between the number of different types of media exposures and e-cigarette use. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was administered to approximately 1000 people aged 15-30 years in Australia, China, India, and the United Kingdom (n=4107). The survey assessed demographic characteristics, e-cigarette and tobacco use, numbers of friends and family members who vape, and exposure to multiple forms of e-cigarette advertising (e.g. television, radio, print, and various types of social media). Descriptive analyses were conducted on those who had heard of e-cigarettes (n=3095, significance threshold p<0.001) and a logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with e-cigarette ever use (significance threshold p<0.05). RESULTS The majority (85%) of respondents who had heard of e-cigarettes reported being exposed to e-cigarette advertising on at least one type of media, and the average number of types of media to which respondents were exposed was 5 (range: 0-17). The number of media types was significantly associated with ever use of e-cigarettes (OR=1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Despite advertising restrictions in place in all four countries, large majorities of young people reported being exposed to e-cigarette advertising. Social media and advertising on/around vape shops and other retailers appear to be key exposure locations. Urgent attention is needed to address these forms of exposure given their apparent association with e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pettigrew
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joseph A. Santos
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ana-Catarina Pinho-Gomes
- The George Institute for Global Health, London, United Kingdom
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Li
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Beijing, China
| | - Alexandra Jones
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Pettigrew S, Miller M, Alvin Santos J, Raj TS, Brown K, Jones A. E-cigarette attitudes and use in a sample of Australians aged 15–30 years. Aust N Z J Public Health 2023; 47:100035. [PMID: 36977623 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore e-cigarette exposure and patterns of vaping in a sample of Australians aged 15-30 years to provide insight into potential means of minimising young people's harm from e-cigarettes. METHODS A national sample of 1,006 Australians aged 15-30 years completed an online survey. Demographics, use of tobacco and vaping products, motivations for use, how e-cigarettes are obtained, where they are used, intentions to use among nonusers, exposure to others' vaping behaviours, exposure to e-cigarette advertising, perceptions of harms associated with e-cigarettes, and minors' perceptions of ease of access were assessed. RESULTS Almost half of respondents reported being either current users (14%) or having tried/used e-cigarettes in the past (33%). Factors positively associated with ever use were being a past or present user of tobacco cigarettes and number of friends who vape. Stronger perceptions of addictiveness were inversely associated with use. CONCLUSIONS Despite current restrictions on e-cigarette availability and promotion, the results suggest many young people in Australia may be exposed to e-cigarettes in multiple ways. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH Additional efforts appear to be needed to control e-cigarette availability and promotion to prevent young people's exposure to vaping.
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E-cigarettes: A continuing public health challenge in India despite comprehensive bans. Prev Med Rep 2023; 31:102108. [PMID: 36820378 PMCID: PMC9938321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
India has introduced comprehensive e-cigarette bans focused on protecting youth from vaping-related harm. Despite these bans, educated young people appear to be a relatively high user group, although little is known about their usage patterns. The aims of the present study were to examine educated young adults' e-cigarette-related attitudes and behaviors and their support for various e-cigarette control policies. In total, 840 tertiary-educated young adults completed an online survey. Demographic characteristics, e-cigarette and tobacco use, beliefs about e-cigarettes, exposure to e-cigarette advertising, sources of access to e-cigarettes, numbers of family members and peers who vape, and support for a range of e-cigarette policies were assessed. One-third (33%) reported never having heard of e-cigarettes/vapes, 23% reported ever using e-cigarettes, 70% reported ever using tobacco, and 8% were dual users of both e-cigarettes and tobacco. Only 8% of e-cigarette users reported daily use. Vapers sourced e-cigarettes from retail outlets (vape shops, tobacconists) and their social networks (friends, siblings). Just under two-thirds of those who were aware of e-cigarettes believed them to be harmful and to contain chemicals. Among non-users, 31% were curious about using e-cigarettes and 23% intended to use in the following year, indicating high levels of susceptibility. The results suggest that despite a complete ban, young people are still able to access e-cigarettes in India. Greater education about harms associated with vaping and more intensive monitoring and enforcement could assist in reducing uptake in relatively high-prevalence groups such as educated young adults.
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Bluestein MA, Harrell MB, Hébert ET, Chen B, Kuk AE, Spells CE, Pérez A. Associations Between Perceptions of e-Cigarette Harmfulness and Addictiveness and the Age of E-Cigarette Initiation Among the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Youth. Tob Use Insights 2022; 15:1179173X221133645. [PMID: 36276166 PMCID: PMC9585561 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x221133645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Youth perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of e-cigarettes may impact the age that they initiate e-cigarette use, but this has not been investigated previously. Methods Youth (12-17 years old) never e-cigarette users at their first wave of PATH participation (waves 1-3, 2013-2016) were included. PATH questions on absolute perceptions of e-cigarette harmfulness and addictiveness were used as exposures. Interval-censored Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the impact of perceptions of harmfulness, and perceptions of addictiveness on (i) the age of initiation of e-cigarette use and (ii) age of first reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use, while controlling for covariates. Results Youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having no/little harm had increased risk of initiating both ever e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.04; 95%CI = 1.74-2.40) and past 30-day e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.64; 95%CI = 2.07-3.37) at earlier ages compared to youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having a lot of harm. Youth who perceive the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be very/somewhat unlikely had increased risk of an earlier age of both ever (AHR = 1.28; 95%CI = 1.07-1.52) and past 30-day (AHR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.04-1.79) e-cigarette initiation compared to youth who perceived the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be somewhat/very likely. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of communicating to youth the potential for health harms and addiction from e-cigarette use in prevention and intervention campaigns, as those with the lowest perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness had the earliest ages of e-cigarette initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan A. Bluestein
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Melissa B. Harrell
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin, TX, USA
| | - Emily T. Hébert
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA,Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin, TX, USA
| | - Baojiang Chen
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA,Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Arnold E. Kuk
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Charles E. Spells
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Adriana Pérez
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA,Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA,Adriana Pérez, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Austin Campus, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
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Wojciechowski TW. The influence of deviant peer association on dual systems model development: the protective role of resistance to peer influence. APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2022.2102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Pettigrew S, Miller M, Kannan A, Raj TS, Jun M, Jones A. School staff perceptions of the nature and consequences of students’ use of e‐cigarettes. Aust N Z J Public Health 2022; 46:676-681. [DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pettigrew
- The George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales
| | - Mia Miller
- The George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales
| | - Anjali Kannan
- School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales
| | | | - Min Jun
- The George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales
| | - Alexandra Jones
- The George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales
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Intravia J, Vito AG, Rocheleau GC. Low Self-Control and Vaping: The Mediating Role of Health and Risk Perceptions. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:956-966. [PMID: 35341458 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2052102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown independent attention in the role of self-control and health/risk perceptions toward vaping in predicting vaping use among youth and young adults. Yet, there are good theoretical notions to believe that low self-control, perceptions toward vaping, and self-reported vaping are intertwined. OBJECTIVES To examine whether three different health/risk perceptions toward vaping mediate the effect of low self-control on vaping use among young adults. METHODS A survey was administered to 325 undergraduate students attending a large university in the Midwest (Mean age = 19.5; 60.4% female; 73.1% White). Single and multiple mediation modeling strategies were used to assess the mediation hypothesis. RESULTS Logistic regression results indicate that individuals with low self-control are more likely to vape (O.R. = 1.041, p < .05). Further, when health/risk perceptions are included in the models individually and simultaneously, it reduces the effect of low self-control on vaping between 15% and 37.5%, and renders low self-control to become non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest the impact that harm/risk perceptions toward vaping have in engaging in this behavior. Thus, preventative efforts should target potential sources, such as media and advertisements, that may shape young adults' perceptions toward vaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Intravia
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Anthony G Vito
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Gregory C Rocheleau
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
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North C, Li X, Grossberg LA, Loukas A. A one year prospective examination of risk factors for pod-vape use among young adults. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 229:109141. [PMID: 34768141 PMCID: PMC8665107 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults have the highest prevalence of pod-vape use, compared to adolescents and older adults. Despite the increased use of pod-vapes among young adults, very few studies have explored the determinants associated with pod-vape use. PURPOSE The purpose of the current study was to examine the roles of social norms and risk perceptions in subsequent pod-vape use one year later among a cohort of 21-34-year-old young adults. METHOD Participants were 3543 young adults from the last two waves (spring 2018 and 2019) of the Marketing and Promotions across Colleges in Texas project (M-PACT). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the role of social norms and risk perceptions on subsequent pod-vape use one year later. RESULTS The prevalence of current pod-vape use in the present sample increased by 139.3% between 2018 and 2019. The social norm variables of close friends' pod-vape use and inclination to date someone that uses pod-vapes, but not social acceptability of pod-vapes, predicted subsequent pod-vape use one year later. Neither of the risk perception variables predicted subsequent pod-vape use. CONCLUSION The current study highlights the importance of social norms as predictors of subsequent pod-vape use among older young adults (21-34 years old). The rise in pod-vape use indicates that preventative efforts that target young adults are warranted, especially those that consider the role of peers in pod-vape use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexandra Loukas
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, USA.
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Hanafin J, Sunday S, Clancy L. Friends and family matter Most: a trend analysis of increasing e-cigarette use among Irish teenagers and socio-demographic, personal, peer and familial associations. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1988. [PMID: 34732172 PMCID: PMC8567623 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-cigarette ever-use and current-use among teenagers has increased worldwide, including in Ireland. METHODS We use data from two Irish waves (2015, 2019) of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD) to investigate gender and teenage e-cigarette use (n = 3421 16-year-olds). Using chi-square analyses, we report changes in e-cigarette ever-use, current-use, and associated variables. Using multivariable logistic regression, we analyse the increase in e-cigarette use and socio-demographic, personal, peer and familial associations, focusing on gender differences. RESULTS E-cigarette ever-use increased from 23% in 2015 to 37% in 2019, and current-use from 10 to 18%. Compared with 2015, the odds in 2019, of becoming both an e-cigarette ever-user and current-user, were significantly higher for girls than boys (ever-use: AOR 2.67 vs 2.04; current-use: AOR 3.11 vs 1.96). Smoking and e-cigarette use are linked but never-smokers who try e-cigarettes rose significantly from 33 to 67% and those using e-cigarettes to quit smoking decreased significantly from 17 to 3%. Almost two-thirds of respondents (66%) in 2019 said that their reason for trying e-cigarettes was "out of curiosity". Peer smoking is significantly associated with likelihood of e-cigarette ever-use (AOR 6.52) and current-use (AOR 5.45). If "Most/All friends smoke", odds were significantly higher for boys than for girls (ever-use AOR 7.07 vs 6.23; current-use AOR 5.90 vs 5.31). Less parental monitoring is significantly associated with greater e-cigarette ever-use (AOR 3.96) and current-use (4.48), and having parents who usually don't know where their child is on Saturday nights was also associated with significantly higher odds for boys than for girls (ever-use AOR 5.42 vs 3.33; current-use AOR 5.50 vs 3.50). CONCLUSION Respondents had significantly higher odds of being e-cigarette ever- and current-users in 2019 compared with 2015. Use is higher among boys but girls are increasingly at risk. Two-thirds had never smoked cigarettes at first e-cigarette use; two-thirds used out of curiosity but few (3%) for smoking cessation. The most prominent risk factors for e-cigarette use were peer- and parent-related, especially so for boys. Interventions that take account of friend and family influences may provide mechanisms for preventing an increasing risk of nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Hanafin
- TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), FOCAS Institute, TU Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Salome Sunday
- TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), FOCAS Institute, TU Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Clancy
- TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), FOCAS Institute, TU Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Fite PJ, Díaz KI, Doyle RL. Does Behavioral Dysregulation Moderate the Links Between Contextual Factors and Substance Use Among Detained Youth? JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2021.1907265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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