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Hong RY, Ding XP, Chan KMY, Yeung WJJ. The influence of socio-economic status on child temperament and psychological symptom profiles. Br J Psychol 2024; 115:535-554. [PMID: 38506601 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The influence of socio-economic status (SES) on child temperament and psychological symptoms was examined using a nationally representative sample in Singapore. Data were available for 2169 children from 1987 families. Caregivers' reports were obtained on children aged 4-6. SES was operationalized as an aggregation of household income per capita, parental education level and housing type. Compared to their counterparts from higher SES families, children from low-SES families tended to exhibit (a) higher negative affectivity but lower effortful control, and (b) higher internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, children with a 'resilient' temperamental profile (i.e. low negative affectivity and high effortful control) were more likely to come from families with much higher SES, relative to children with other profiles. Children with high internalizing symptoms tended to come from low-SES backgrounds, regardless of their externalizing symptoms. Among children with low internalizing symptoms, those with high externalizing symptoms came from lower SES backgrounds compared to those with low externalizing symptoms. Parental warmth and distress mediated the association between SES and child temperament and symptom profiles, with the exception of distress in the SES-temperament link. These findings supported the family stress model and highlighted the novel perspective of SES's influence on configurations of child temperament and symptom characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Y Hong
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao Pan Ding
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Wei-Jun Jean Yeung
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Kretschmer T, van der Ploeg R, Kaufman T. Peer victimization in early adolescence and maladjustment in adulthood. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02532-5. [PMID: 39073497 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Studies report different effect sizes for associations between peer victimization and later maladjustment. A possible origin of this heterogeneity is the length of the interval between victimization and maladjustment assessments. Effect sizes might also vary as a function of reporter. Longitudinal data from TRAILS, a study of adolescents followed from age 11 to 29 (baseline n = 2229) were used to test whether peer victimization assessed from adolescents themselves, their parents, teachers, and peers predicted internalizing symptoms, thought problems, and somatic complaints at six follow-ups with a temporal distance of up to 19 years. Neither self- nor peer-reported victimization predicted later maladjustment. In contrast, parent-reported victimization stably predicted adult maladjustment. Teacher-reported victimization also predicted maladjustment but associations were weaker and largely non-significant when parent reports were accounted for simultaneously. Parent-reported peer victimization has traditionally played a minor role in bullying research as parents are usually not present when victimization occurs. The results of this study however suggest that parents should be listened to when talking about their offspring being victimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kretschmer
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 38, 9713TJ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rozemarijn van der Ploeg
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 38, 9713TJ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Henkens JHD, Stevens GWJM, de Valk HAG. The Relation between Residential Mobility and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescence: The Role of Subjective Moving Experience, Gender, and Friendship Quality. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02014-6. [PMID: 38789875 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent residential mobility can be a stressful life event, potentially aggravating internalizing or externalizing problems. However, the longitudinal effects of residential mobility are understudied and may be context-dependent. This study investigates the longitudinal associations between adolescent residential mobility and internalizing and externalizing problems. Additionally, this study examines for whom residential moves are most detrimental by including subjective moving experience, gender, and friendship quality before the move as moderators. Longitudinal data from 2,029 adolescents (51% female) from the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) were used (Mage [SD] at T1 = 11.1 [0.55], T2 = 13.6 [0.52], and T3 = 16.3 [0.70]). Results from stepwise multi-level random-effect models showed that adolescents who experienced an unpleasant move remained stable in internalizing problems, while others decreased over time. Adolescents who moved increased stronger in externalizing problems than adolescents who did not move, independent of whether they experienced the move as unpleasant. Gender and friendship quality before the move did not moderate the relation between residential mobility and internalizing or externalizing problem development. These results emphasize that residential moves in adolescence, especially when experienced as unpleasant, can have long-lasting negative effects on adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juul H D Henkens
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute-KNAW/University of Groningen, The Hague, The Netherlands.
| | - Gonneke W J M Stevens
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helga A G de Valk
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute-KNAW/University of Groningen, The Hague, The Netherlands
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4
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Lee S, Chang H, Olson SL. Child Effortful Control as a Moderator of the Effects of Parenting on Children's Behavioral Adjustment: A Longitudinal Study Spanning 3 to 10 Years. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022:10.1007/s10578-022-01481-x. [PMID: 36571649 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01481-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine independent and interactive contributions of parenting behaviors (e.g., physical punishment, inductive discipline, warm responsiveness) and child effortful control on child externalizing problems during early and middle childhood. Participants were 241 children (123girls) of middle-income families in the U.S. who were primarily European Americans (91%) and at risk for school-age problem behaviors. Data were collected at ages 3, 6, and 10 using multiple methods, informants, and contexts. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated both independent and interactive influences of parenting behaviors and child effortful control on children's externalizing behaviors. Importantly, effortful control buffered the negative influence of physical punishment, but not other parenting behaviors, such that physical punishment was associated with external behaviors at 6 years only for children with poorer effortful control abilities. The results highlight both parental discipline strategies and child effortful control as promising targets for early identification and prevention of future problem behaviors. Summary: Parenting and child effortful control have long been topics of research on child development. However, relatively little is known about the long-term effects of early parenting in the context of effortful control and the possibility that those processes may differ across different dimensions of parenting (i.e., warm responsiveness, inductive discipline, and physical punishment) Therefore, this study aimed to examine independent and interactive contributions of parenting behaviors and child effortful control on child externalizing problems during early and middle childhood. Participants were 241 children (123girls) of middle-income families who were at risk for school-age problem behaviors. Data were collected using multiple methods, informants, and contexts. Specifically, child effortful control at 3 years was measured using multiple tasks, and parenting at 3 years was assessed via maternal report during home interview. Teachers contributed ratings of child externalizing behaviors at 3, 6, and 10 years. Results indicated both independent and interactive influences of parenting behaviors and child effortful control on children's externalizing behaviors. Importantly, effortful control buffered the negative influence of physical punishment, but not other parenting behaviors, such that physical punishment was associated with external behaviors at 6 years only for children with poorer effortful control abilities. Moreover, parents' use of physical punishment at age 3 showed a long-lasting association with children's problem behaviors at ages 6 and 10 years. The findings suggest that children with more advanced effortful control may be less susceptible to long-term detrimental contribution of physical punishment, although by no means they are protected from harmful effects of punitive discipline. This study provides more sophisticated explanations on the influence of early parenting and child effortful control on externalizing behaviors spanning early to middle childhood. The results also highlight different parental discipline strategies and child effortful controls as promising targets for early identification and prevention of children's future problem behaviors in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hyein Chang
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sheryl L Olson
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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5
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de Roo M, Veenstra R, Kretschmer T. Internalizing and externalizing correlates of parental overprotection as measured by the EMBU: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2022; 31:962-983. [PMID: 36588978 PMCID: PMC9790597 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aspects of parenting including overprotection explain individual differences in child adjustment. This review and meta-analysis summarizes studies on parental overprotection and internalizing and externalizing problems. To ensure that findings could be compared as systematically as possible, the focus was on studies that used the overprotection scale of the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran ("Memories of my Parents' Upbringing") (EMBU) questionnaire, a popular instrument to measure parental overprotection. In total, we extracted 176 effects from 29 studies. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to perform quality assessments for the included studies. Parental overprotection was associated positively with offspring internalizing and externalizing problems, with overall estimates ranging from r = .14 to .18. Moderator analyses suggested that effects of maternal were larger than effects of paternal overprotection. Other factors that moderated the strength of the association between overprotection and maladjustment included whether outcomes were self-reported or parent-reported, the design was cross-sectional or longitudinal, and publication year. Cultural context, age at exposure, and child sex did not explain differences between effect sizes. Most findings were based on cross-sectional studies and therefore do not constitute proof of causal relations. Many studies were of less-than-satisfactory quality regarding representativeness of the sample, descriptions of the data collection, and statistical analyses. There is a clear need for well-powered longitudinal studies to strengthen inferences about associations between parental overprotection and internalizing and externalizing problems.
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Kretschmer T, la Roi C, van der Ploeg R, Veenstra R. Benefits of Bullying? A Test of the Evolutionary Hypothesis in Three Cohorts. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2022; 32:1178-1193. [PMID: 34448280 PMCID: PMC9545478 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent work on bullying perpetration includes the hypothesis that bullying carries an evolutionary advantage for perpetrators in terms of health and reproductive success. We tested this hypothesis in the National Child Development Study (n = 4998 male, n = 4831 female), British Cohort Study 1970 (n = 4261 male, n = 4432 female), and TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (n = 486 male, n = 521 female), where bullying was assessed in adolescence (NCDS, BCS70: age 16, TRAILS: age 14) and outcomes in adulthood. Partial support for the evolutionary hypothesis was found as bullies had more children in NCDS and engaged in sexual intercourse earlier in TRAILS. In contrast, bullies reported worse health in NCDS and BCS70.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chaïm la Roi
- Institute for Future Studies & Swedish Institute for Social Research
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7
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Parental psychological control, academic self-efficacy and adolescent drinking: The roles of teacher-student relationship and sensation seeking. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Polygenic risk for aggressive behavior from late childhood through early adulthood. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 32:651-660. [PMID: 34741676 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Twin studies suggest a substantial role for genes in explaining individual differences in aggressive behavior across development. It is unclear, however, how directly measured genetic risk is associated with aggressive behavior at different moments across adolescence and how genes might distinguish developmental trajectories of aggressive behavior. Here, a polygenic risk score derived from the EAGLE-Consortium genome-wide association study of aggressive behavior in children was tested as predictor of latent growth classes derived from those measures in an adolescent population (n = 2229, of which n = 1246 with genetic information) and a high-risk sample (n = 543, of which n = 335 with genetic information). In the population sample, the polygenic risk score explained variation in parent-reported aggressive behavior at all ages and distinguished between stable low aggressive behavior and moderate and high-decreasing trajectories based on parent-report. In contrast, the polygenic risk score was not associated with self- and teacher-reported aggressive behavior, and no associations were found in the high-risk sample. This pattern of results suggests that methodological choices made in genome-wide association studies impact the predictive strength of polygenic risk scores, not just with respect to power but likely also in terms of generalizability and specificity.
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Maternal Cortisol and Paternal Testosterone Correlated with Infant Growth via Mini Puberty. ADAPTIVE HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40750-021-00175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Psychosocial and biological risk factors of anxiety disorders in adolescents: a TRAILS report. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:1969-1982. [PMID: 33113027 PMCID: PMC8563629 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are a common problem in adolescent mental health. Previous studies have investigated only a limited number of risk factors for the development of anxiety disorders concurrently. By investigating multiple factors simultaneously, a more complete understanding of the etiology of anxiety disorders can be reached. Therefore, we assessed preadolescent socio-demographic, familial, psychosocial, and biological factors and their association with the onset of anxiety disorders in adolescence. This study was conducted among 1584 Dutch participants of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS). Potential risk factors were assessed at baseline (age 10-12), and included socio-demographic (sex, socioeconomic status), familial (parental anxiety and depression), psychosocial (childhood adversity, temperament), and biological (body mass index, heart rate, blood pressure, cortisol) variables. Anxiety disorders were assessed at about age 19 years through the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with onset of anxiety disorder as a dependent variable and the above-mentioned putative risk factors as predictors. Of the total sample, 25.7% had a lifetime diagnosis of anxiety disorder at age 19 years. Anxiety disorders were twice as prevalent in girls as in boys. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female (OR = 2.38, p < .01), parental depression and anxiety (OR = 1.34, p = .04), temperamental frustration (OR = 1.31, p = .02) and low effortful control (OR = 0.76, p = .01) independently predicted anxiety disorders. We found no associations between biological factors and anxiety disorder. After exclusion of adolescents with an onset of anxiety disorder before age 12 years, being female was the only significant predictor of anxiety disorder. Being female was the strongest predictor for the onset of anxiety disorder. Psychological and parental psychopathology factors increased the risk of diagnosis of anxiety, but to a lesser extent. Biological factors (heart rate, blood pressure, cortisol, and BMI), at least as measured in the present study, are unlikely to be useful tools for anxiety prevention and intervention strategies.
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11
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Lin S, Yu C, Chen J, Sheng J, Hu Y, Zhong L. The Association between Parental Psychological Control, Deviant Peer Affiliation, and Internet Gaming Disorder among Chinese Adolescents: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8197. [PMID: 33171961 PMCID: PMC7664197 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abundant empirical research indicates a relationship between parental psychological control and adolescent Internet gaming disorder (IGD), but the direction and underlying mechanism of this association remain unclear. Using a two-year longitudinal design across three time points, the present study examined the reciprocal processes between parental psychological control and IGD and explored whether deviant peer affiliation explains this bidirectional association. The sample consisted of 908 participants (480 boys and 428 girls) who participated in three measurements and completed questionnaires assessing parental psychological control, deviant peer affiliation, and IGD. Autoregressive cross-lagged models indicated a direct reciprocal relationship between parental psychological control and IGD. Furthermore, the results showed that parental psychological control exerts an indirect effect on adolescent IGD via deviant peer affiliation, but the inverse indirect effect via deviant peer affiliation was non-significant. Knowledge regarding the direct and underlying mechanisms of the reciprocal relationship between parental psychological control and IGD has important implications for prevention and intervention of adolescent IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lin
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yousong Hu
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (S.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Schorr MT, Tietbohl-Santos B, de Oliveira LM, Terra L, de Borba Telles LE, Hauck S. Association between different types of childhood trauma and parental bonding with antisocial traits in adulthood: A systematic review. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2020; 107:104621. [PMID: 32603957 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ASPD describes individuals with a pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others that begins in childhood and continues into adulthood. The relationship between parental bonding, trauma, and ASPD is well established, however, it remains unclear what types of trauma or which patterns of bonding are more associated with ASPD. OBJECTIVES Review the literature regarding what types of trauma and bonding characteristics were related to antisocial personality traits. METHOD Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scielo for studies about the relationship between antisocial personality traits and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and/or the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). RESULTS 357 abstracts were selected, and 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. Regarding CTQ, the most consistent finding was the association between physical abuse and neglect to antisocial traits. Sexual abuse was the variable least related to antisocial traits. Regarding PBI, the most consistent finding was the inverse relationship between maternal and paternal care and antisocial traits. Concerning overprotection, the data is less consistent. Also, there was a considerable heterogenity between studies. CONCLUSIONS The literature little explores how these variables interact with each other. Thus, more studies are important to aidpolitical,educational, and public health programs to create preventive initiatives for ASPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Teixeira Schorr
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil; Research Laboratory in Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Bárbara Tietbohl-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil; Research Laboratory in Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Mendes de Oliveira
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil; Research Laboratory in Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Terra
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil; Research Laboratory in Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Lisieux Elaine de Borba Telles
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil; Forensic Psychiatric Institute 'Doutor Maurício Cardoso', Bento Gonçalves Av., 2850, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90650-003, Brazil.
| | - Simone Hauck
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil; Research Laboratory in Psychodynamic Psychiatry, Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
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Gauchat A, Zadra A, El-Hourani M, Parent S, Tremblay RE, Séguin JR. Disturbing Dreams and Psychosocial Maladjustment in Children: A Prospective Study of the Moderating Role of Early Negative Emotionality. Front Neurol 2020; 11:762. [PMID: 32849218 PMCID: PMC7427048 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although frequent disturbing dreams, including bad dreams and nightmares, have been repeatedly associated with poor psychological well-being in adults, considerably less information exists on their psychosocial correlates in children. Recent empirical and theoretical contributions suggest that the association between disturbing dream frequency and psychosocial adaptation in children may differ as a function of children's negative emotionality. The current study assessed the moderating effect of very early negative emotionality (17 months of age) in the relation between disturbing dream frequency and psychosocial maladjustment (i.e., externalizing + internalizing behaviors) in a sample of 173 11-year-old children. Mixed-model analyses revealed that disturbing dream frequency was associated with some internalizing behaviors but that the association between disturbing dream frequency and most externalizing behaviors was moderated by early negative emotionality. The latter result indicates that the relation between disturbing dream frequency and externalizing behaviors was significant in 11-year-old children showing moderate negative emotionality early in life, but particularly strong in those children with high early negative emotionality. Whereas, a moderating effect of early negative emotionality was not found between disturbing dream frequency and internalizing behaviors, the findings highlight the more specific role of early emotional negativity as a developmental moderator for the link between disturbing dreams and externalizing behaviors in children. The results are discussed in light of recent models of disturbed dreaming production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Gauchat
- Clinique de Consultation Conjugale et Familiale Poitras-Wright, Côté, Longueuil, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Antonio Zadra
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mira El-Hourani
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Parent
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,School of Public Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jean R Séguin
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Chen Y, Zhu J, Ye Y, Huang L, Yang J, Chen L, Zhang W. Parental rejection and adolescent problematic mobile phone use: Mediating and moderating roles of school engagement and impulsivity. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Li JB, Willems YE, Stok FM, Deković M, Bartels M, Finkenauer C. Parenting and Self-Control Across Early to Late Adolescence: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2019; 14:967-1005. [PMID: 31491364 DOI: 10.1177/1745691619863046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-control plays a significant role in positive youth development. Although numerous self-control challenges occur during adolescence, some adolescents control themselves better than others. Parenting is considered a critical factor that distinguishes adolescents with good self-control from those with poor self-control, but existing findings are inconsistent. This meta-analysis summarizes the overall relationship between parenting and self-control among adolescents aged 10 to 22 years. The analysis includes 191 articles reporting 1,540 effect sizes (N = 164,459). The results show that parenting is associated with adolescents' self-control both concurrently (r = .204, p < .001) and longitudinally (r = .157, p < .001). Longitudinal studies also reveal that adolescents' self-control influences subsequent parenting (r = .155, p < .001). Moderator analyses show that the effect sizes are largely invariant across cultures, ethnicities, age of adolescents, and parent and youth gender. Our results point to the importance of parenting in individual differences in adolescent self-control and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong.,Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong
| | - Yayouk E Willems
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.,Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - F Marijn Stok
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.,Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Adolescent Test Anxiety: An Examination of Intraindividual and Contextual Predictors. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-018-09302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Loosening the Reins or Tightening Them? Complex Relationships Between Parenting, Effortful Control, and Adolescent Psychopathology. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-018-9477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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de Laat SAA, Huizink AC, Hof MH, Vrijkotte TGM. Socioeconomic inequalities in psychosocial problems of children: mediating role of maternal depressive symptoms. Eur J Public Health 2018; 28:1062-1068. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne A A de Laat
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Youth Health Care, GGD Hart voor Brabant, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Anja C Huizink
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel H Hof
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Zhu J, Yu C, Bao Z, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Chen Y, Qiu B, Zhang J. Deviant Peer Affiliation as an Explanatory Mechanism in the Association between Corporal Punishment and Physical Aggression: a Longitudinal Study among Chinese Adolescents. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 45:1537-1551. [PMID: 28070756 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has focused primarily on corporal punishment as a cause and adolescents' physical aggression as an outcome. However, there is a large gap in knowledge of the potentially bidirectional association and explanatory mechanism underlying the association between corporal punishment and physical aggression. The current study, using a longitudinal design across three time points (the fall semester of 7th grade, the fall of 8th grade, and the fall of 9th grade), aimed to a) examine the reciprocal processes between corporal punishment and physical aggression, and b) explore whether deviant peer affiliation may explain such reciprocal connections. Only adolescents participating in all the three time points were included in this study, resulting in a final sample of 342 adolescents (175 boys, 167 girls) who completed questionnaires regarding corporal punishment, deviant peer affiliation, and aggression. Gender, age and socioeconomic status were controlled for in the analyses. Autoregressive cross-lagged models showed that the results did not support the direct reciprocal effect between corporal punishment and physical aggression among Chinese adolescents. A direct longitudinal link from corporal punishment to physical aggression was found, however, the inverse association was not significant. Moreover, regarding the longitudinal underlying process, in one direction, corporal punishment at 7th grade predicted higher levels of deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade. In turn, higher deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade predicted increased physical aggression at 9th grade. At the same time, in the other direction, adolescent physical aggression at 7th grade significantly predicted deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade. In turn, higher deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade predicted decreased corporal punishment at 9th grade. Identifying the direct and underlying reciprocal processes between corporal punishment and adolescent physical aggression has important implications for an integrative framework of theory and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhu
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenzhou Bao
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyu Qiu
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
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20
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Martin-Storey A, Temcheff C, Dery M, Poirier M, Verlaan P, Lemelin JP. Trajectories of internalizing problems during the transition to adolescence in children with and without conduct problems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025417730681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Children with conduct problems are at greater risk for internalizing problems. The objectives of this study were to (1) examine trajectories of internalizing problems among children with and without clinically significant conduct problems during the transition to adolescence; and (2) identify how academic achievement, peer rejection, parent socioeconomic status, maternal distress, parental warmth, child temperament, and receptive verbal functioning explained differences between the two groups. Children with conduct problems ( N = 388, 45% girls) and a comparison sample without conduct problems ( N = 299, 52% girls) were recruited from Quebec, Canada, when they were between the ages of 7 and 10 years, and were followed across 4 years. Mothers and teachers provided information on internalizing problems each year. Having clinically significant conduct problems was associated with higher initial levels of internalizing problems according to mothers and teachers, but not with changes in internalizing problems over time. With regards to teacher ratings, academic achievement, peer rejection, and negative emotionality partially explained differences in internalizing problems for youth with and without conduct problems. For mother ratings, maternal distress, negative emotionality, and peer rejection completely explained the association for girls, and partially explained the association for boys. Findings supported a multi-rater approach for understanding risk for internalizing problems among children with and without conduct problems. In particular, they highlight the importance of differences across context for understanding factors associated with vulnerability to internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michele Dery
- Université de Sherbrooke, Campus Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Pierrette Verlaan
- Université de Sherbrooke, Campus Longueuil, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Ayoub M, Gosling SD, Potter J, Shanahan M, Roberts BW. The Relations Between Parental Socioeconomic Status, Personality, and Life Outcomes. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550617707018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that cognitive ability is correlated with parental socioeconomic status (pSES). However, little is known about the correlation between personality and pSES. To better understand this relation, we conducted a meta-analysis of the correlations between pSES and personality traits and temperament dimensions. The correlations were generally very small with the exception of the correlation between pSES and openness to experience. Our results were replicated in a large ( N = 2,183,377) data set of self-reported personality scores collected online. Using this data set, we also examined the interaction between pSES and personality on attained education and socioeconomic status. We found evidence for the resource substitution hypothesis, which proposes that personality compensates for background disadvantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Ayoub
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Samuel D. Gosling
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael Shanahan
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brent W. Roberts
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Wang FL, Eisenberg N, Valiente C, Spinrad TL. Role of temperament in early adolescent pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems using a bifactor model: Moderation by parenting and gender. Dev Psychopathol 2016; 28:1487-1504. [PMID: 26646352 PMCID: PMC4900935 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579415001224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We contribute to the literature on the relations of temperament to externalizing and internalizing problems by considering parental emotional expressivity and child gender as moderators of such relations and examining prediction of pure and co-occurring problem behaviors during early to middle adolescence using bifactor models (which provide unique and continuous factors for pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems). Parents and teachers reported on children's (4.5- to 8-year-olds; N = 214) and early adolescents' (6 years later; N = 168) effortful control, impulsivity, anger, sadness, and problem behaviors. Parental emotional expressivity was measured observationally and with parents' self-reports. Early-adolescents' pure externalizing and co-occurring problems shared childhood and/or early-adolescent risk factors of low effortful control, high impulsivity, and high anger. Lower childhood and early-adolescent impulsivity and higher early-adolescent sadness predicted early-adolescents' pure internalizing. Childhood positive parental emotional expressivity more consistently related to early-adolescents' lower pure externalizing compared to co-occurring problems and pure internalizing. Lower effortful control predicted changes in externalizing (pure and co-occurring) over 6 years, but only when parental positive expressivity was low. Higher impulsivity predicted co-occurring problems only for boys. Findings highlight the probable complex developmental pathways to adolescent pure and co-occurring externalizing and internalizing problems.
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23
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Zhu J, Yu C, Zhang W, Bao Z, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Zhen S. Peer victimization, deviant peer affiliation and impulsivity: Predicting adolescent problem behaviors. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2016; 58:39-50. [PMID: 27348798 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Abundant evidence has demonstrated an association between peer victimization and adolescent problem behaviors. However, there is a large gap in knowledge about the potential mediators that associate peer victimization with problem behaviors and the potential moderators that exacerbate or buffer this association. The current study examined whether deviant peer affiliation mediated the association between peer victimization and problem behaviors and whether the direct and indirect associations were moderated by impulsivity. A sample of 1401 adolescents (50.1% boys, 11-14 years old) completed anonymous questionnaires regarding peer victimization, impulsivity, deviant peer affiliation, and problem behaviors. Gender, age and socioeconomic status (SES) were controlled for in the analyses. Structural equation models showed that peer victimization was significantly associated with more problem behaviors, and this association was mediated by deviant peer affiliation. Impulsivity moderated both the direct association (peer victimization→problem behaviors) and the second stage of the indirect path (deviant peer affiliation→problem behaviors). Specifically, these associations were especially stronger for adolescents with higher impulsivity. Identifying the processes by which peer victimization is associated with adolescent problem behaviors has important implications for an integrative framework of theory and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhu
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Bao
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuangju Zhen
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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24
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Low Family Income and Behavior Problems in Norwegian Preschoolers: Is Child Emotionality a Marker for Sensitivity of Influence? J Dev Behav Pediatr 2016; 37:213-22. [PMID: 27035694 PMCID: PMC4818976 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Poor children have higher rates of mental health problems than more affluent peers, also in progressive welfare states such as Norway. Temperamental characteristics may render some children more sensitive to the adverse influence of poor economy. OBJECTIVE This study examined the direct associations between family income-to-needs and mental health and assessed moderation by early temperamental characteristics (i.e., emotionality). METHOD Using data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, associations between income-to-needs across children's first 3 years and internalizing and externalizing problems when children were 5 years old were examined. Differential sensitivity to family income-to-needs was assessed by investigating how emotionality, when children were one-and-a-half and 3 years old, moderated these associations. RESULTS Significant main effects of income-to-needs and emotionality and a significant interaction effect between income-to-needs and emotionality were found for externalizing problems, but not for internalizing problems. CONCLUSION Children in poor families with an emotionally reactive temperament had higher scores on externalizing problems when they were 5 compared with their less emotionally reactive peers.
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25
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Moran L, Lengua LJ, Zalewski M, Ruberry E, Klien M, Thompson S, Kiff C. Variable- and Person-Centered Approaches to Examining Temperament Vulnerability and Resilience to the Effects of Contextual Risk. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2016; 67:61-74. [PMID: 28408769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using both variable- and person-centered approaches, this study examined the role of temperament in relation to children's vulnerable or resilient responses to cumulative risk. Observed reactivity and regulation dimensions of temperament were tested as mediating and moderating the relation between family cumulative risk and teacher-reported adjustment problems in a sample of 259 preschool-age children. Further, latent profile analyses were used to examine whether profiles of temperament, accounting for multiple characteristics simultaneously, provided additional information about the role of temperament in children's responses to risk. Results support a diathesis-stress model in which high frustration, low fear, and low delay ability confer particular vulnerability for children in high-risk contexts. Benefits of multiple approaches are highlighted.
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26
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François M, Schaefer JM, Bole-Feysot C, Déchelotte P, Verhulst FC, Fetissov SO. Ghrelin-reactive immunoglobulins and anxiety, depression and stress-induced cortisol response in adolescents. The TRAILS study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2015; 59:1-7. [PMID: 25562566 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ghrelin, a hunger hormone, has been implicated in the regulation of stress-response, anxiety and depression. Ghrelin-reactive immunoglobulins (Ig) were recently identified in healthy and obese humans showing abilities to increase ghrelin's stability and orexigenic effects. Here we studied if ghrelin-reactive Ig are associated with anxiety and depression and with the stress-induced cortisol response in a general population of adolescents. Furthermore, to test the possible infectious origin of ghrelin-reactive Ig, their levels were compared with serum IgG against common viruses. METHODS We measured ghrelin-reactive IgM, IgG and IgA in serum samples of 1199 adolescents from the Dutch TRAILS study and tested their associations with 1) anxiety and depression symptoms assessed with the Youth Self-Report, 2) stress-induced salivary cortisol levels and 3) IgG against human herpesvirus 1, 2, 4 and 6 and Influenza A and B viruses. RESULTS Ghrelin-reactive IgM and IgG correlated positively with levels of antibodies against Influenza A virus. Ghrelin-reactive IgM correlated negatively with antibodies against Influenza B virus. Ghrelin-reactive IgM correlated positively with anxiety scores in girls and ghrelin-reactive IgG correlated with stress-induced cortisol secretion, but these associations were weak and not significant after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION These data indicate that production of ghrelin-reactive autoantibodies could be influenced by viral infections. Serum levels of ghrelin-reactive autoantibodies probably do not play a role in regulating anxiety, depression and the stress-response in adolescents from the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie François
- Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, 76183, France
| | - Johanna M Schaefer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Bole-Feysot
- Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, 76183, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, 76183, France
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sergueï O Fetissov
- Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, 76183, France.
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27
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Wang ZW, Hua J, Xu YH. The Relationship between Gentle Tactile Stimulation on the Fetus and Its Temperament 3 Months after Birth. Behav Neurol 2015; 2015:371906. [PMID: 26180374 PMCID: PMC4477442 DOI: 10.1155/2015/371906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gentle tactile stimulation on the fetus in its temperament 3 months after birth. METHOD A total of 302 mother-3-month-infant dyads enrolled the retrospective cohort study. 76 mothers had regular gentle tactile stimulation on the fetus in their pregnancy; 62 mothers had irregular tactile stimulation on the fetus, and the rest of 164 mothers who had no tactile stimulation served as nonexposure group. Temperament was assessed using the EITS (a nine-dimensional scale of temperament). RESULTS Significant difference in temperament type was found among infants in 3 groups at 3 months of age. In the regular practice group, the babies with easy type temperament accounted for 73.7%, which was higher than that in irregular practice group (53.2%, P = 0.012) and that in the control group (42.1%, P < 0.001). Compared to infants in no practice group, the infants who had received regular gentle tactile stimulation before birth were lower in negative mood (P = 0.047) while higher in adaptability (P < 0.001), approach (P = 0.001), and persistence (P = 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION Regular gentle tactile stimulation on fetus may promote the formation of easy type infant temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, 536 Changle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of MCH, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, 536 Changle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yu-Hong Xu
- Department of MCH, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, 536 Changle Road, Shanghai 200040, China
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Piotrowska PJ, Stride CB, Croft SE, Rowe R. Socioeconomic status and antisocial behaviour among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2015; 35:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Ormel J, Raven D, van Oort F, Hartman CA, Reijneveld SA, Veenstra R, Vollebergh WAM, Buitelaar J, Verhulst FC, Oldehinkel AJ. Mental health in Dutch adolescents: a TRAILS report on prevalence, severity, age of onset, continuity and co-morbidity of DSM disorders. Psychol Med 2015; 45:345-360. [PMID: 25066533 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714001469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With psychopathology rising during adolescence and evidence suggesting that adult mental health burden is often due to disorders beginning in youth, it is important to investigate the epidemiology of adolescent mental disorders. METHOD We analysed data gathered at ages 11 (baseline) and 19 years from the population-based Dutch TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) study. At baseline we administered the Achenbach measures (Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self-Report) and at age 19 years the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) to 1584 youths. RESULTS Lifetime, 12-month and 30-day prevalences of any CIDI-DSM-IV disorder were 45, 31 and 15%, respectively. Half were severe. Anxiety disorders were the most common but the least severe whereas mood and behaviour disorders were less prevalent but more severe. Disorders persisted, mostly by recurrence in mood disorders and chronicity in anxiety disorders. Median onset age varied substantially across disorders. Having one disorder increased subjects' risk of developing another disorder. We found substantial homotypic and heterotypic continuity. Baseline problems predicted the development of diagnosable disorders in adolescence. Non-intact families and low maternal education predicted externalizing disorders. Most morbidity concentrated in 5-10% of the sample, experiencing 34-55% of all severe lifetime disorders. CONCLUSIONS At late adolescence, 22% of youths have experienced a severe episode and 23% only mild episodes. This psychopathology is rather persistent, mostly due to recurrence, showing both monotypic and heterotypic continuity, with family context affecting particularly externalizing disorders. High problem levels at age 11 years are modest precursors of incident adolescent disorders. The burden of mental illness concentrates in 5-10% of the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ormel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - D Raven
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - F van Oort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology,Erasmus Medical Center,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - C A Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - S A Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences,University of Groningen,University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - R Veenstra
- Department of Sociology,University of Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - W A M Vollebergh
- Department of Youth and Family,University of Utrecht,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - J Buitelaar
- Department of Psychiatry,Radboud University Nijmegen,Nijmegen,The Netherlands
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology,Erasmus Medical Center,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - A J Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen,The Netherlands
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Pinto RJ, Fernandes AI, Mesquita C, Maia ÂC. Childhood Adversity Among Institutionalized Male Juvenile Offenders and Other High-Risk Groups Without Offense Records in Portugal. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2015; 30:600-614. [PMID: 26159627 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-13-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The literature has shown that delinquent adolescents report high rates of childhood adversity and family dysfunction. However, it is important to know both the degree of adversity among delinquent adolescents in comparison with other high-risk samples and the contribution of each single form of adversity to this comparison. The purpose of this study was to evaluate childhood adversity, psychopathology, and risk behaviors among 4 high-risk groups, including incarcerated delinquent youths. The participants were 120 male youths between 13 and 19 years old (M = 16.18, SD = 1.26), including 30 youths who were arrested and held in detention centers as a consequence of violent crimes; 30 youths who were identified by Child Protective Services (CPS) and remained with their families; 30 youths who were identified by CPS, removed from their homes, and placed in child and youth residential care; and 30 youths who were randomly selected from schools. The incarcerated youths reported significantly more adversity, global psychopathology, and global index of risk behaviors. When considering each risk behavior, the incarcerated youths reported higher percentages of alcohol abuse, drug use, early smoking initiation, physical assault, carrying weapons, early initiation of sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse under the influence of drugs, and sexual intercourse without condom use. The logistic regression analyses showed that only emotional neglect was significantly associated with delinquency. This study suggests that delinquent youths are exposed to a great magnitude of adversities in childhood, with emotional neglect as an independent risk factor for delinquency. In addition, these youths have higher rates of psychopathology and risk behaviors compared to other high-risk samples.
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Reijneveld SA, Wiegersma PA, Ormel J, Verhulst FC, Vollebergh WAM, Jansen DEMC. Adolescents' use of care for behavioral and emotional problems: types, trends, and determinants. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93526. [PMID: 24699408 PMCID: PMC3974777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While adolescents use various types of care for behavioral and emotional problems, evidence on age trends and determinants per type is scarce. We aimed to assess use of care by adolescents because of behavioral and emotional problems, overall and by type, and its determinants, for ages 10-19 years. METHODS We obtained longitudinal data on 2,230 adolescents during ages 10-19 from four measurements regarding use of general care and specialized care (youth social care and mental healthcare) in the preceding 6 months, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self-Report, and child and family characteristics. We analyzed data by multilevel logistic regression. RESULTS Overall rates of use increased from 20.1% at age 10/11 to 32.2% at age 19: general care was used most. At age 10/11 use was higher among boys, at age 19 among girls. Use of general care increased for both genders, whereas use of specialized care increased among girls but decreased among boys. This differential change was associated with CBCL externalizing and internalizing problems, school problems, family socioeconomic status, and parental divorce. Preceding CBCL problems predicted more use: most for mental health care and least for general care. Moreover, general care was used more frequently by low and medium socioeconomic status families, with odds ratios (95%-confidence intervals): 1.52 (1.23;1.88) and 1.40 (1.17;1.67); youth social care in case of parental divorce, 2.07 (1.36;3.17); and of special education, 2.66 (1.78;3.95); and mental healthcare in case of special education, 2.66 (1.60;4.51). DISCUSSION Adolescents with behavioral and emotional problems use general care most frequently. Overall use increases with age. Determinants of use vary per type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P. Auke Wiegersma
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Ormel
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank C. Verhulst
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Danielle E. M. C. Jansen
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Effortful control as predictor of adolescents' psychological and physiological responses to a social stress test: the Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey. Dev Psychopathol 2014; 23:679-88. [PMID: 23786703 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579411000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Effortful control is thought to foster adaptive action in defensive contexts and may thereby protect individuals against anxious inhibition and focus on their own distress. We examined if effortful control predicted adolescents' perceived arousal, unpleasantness, and control as well as autonomic (heart rate [HR]) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (cortisol) responses during social stress. The data came from a focus sample of the Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey, a prospective population study of Dutch adolescents (N = 715, 50.9% girls; mean age = 16.11, SD = 0.59), who participated in a laboratory session including a social stress task (public speaking and mental arithmetic). Perceived and physiological stress measures were assessed before, during, and after the social stress task. Effortful control was measured using various questionnaires and informants, as well as by means of a reaction time (RT) task assessing response inhibition. Overall, adolescents with high questionnaire-based effortful control tended to feel more relaxed, pleasant, and in control during the laboratory session than adolescents with lower levels of control and had stronger HR responses to the stress test. Adolescent girls with high inhibitory control as measured by the RT task also had strong HR responses, but inhibitory control was associated with high rather than low perceived arousal. Our results suggest that both questionnaire and RT measures of effortful control predict strong HR responses to challenging situations, but associational patterns diverge with regard to perceived stress measures.
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Euser AS, Evans BE, Greaves-Lord K, van de Wetering BJM, Huizink AC, Franken IHA. Multifactorial determinants of target and novelty-evoked P300 amplitudes in children of addicted parents. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80087. [PMID: 24244616 PMCID: PMC3828232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although P300 amplitude reductions constitute a persistent finding in children of addicted parents, relatively little is known about the specificity of this finding. The major aim of this study was to investigate the association between parental rearing, adverse life events, stress-reactivity, substance use and psychopathology on the one hand, and P300 amplitude in response to both target and novel distracter stimuli on the other hand. Moreover, we assessed whether risk group status (i.e., having a parental history of Substance Use Disorders [SUD]) uniquely contributed to P300 amplitude variation above and beyond these other variables. Methods Event-related potentials were recorded in high-risk adolescents with a parental history of SUD (HR;n=80) and normal-risk controls (NR;n=100) while performing a visual Novelty Oddball paradigm. Stress-evoked cortisol levels were assessed and parenting, life adversities, substance use and psychopathology were examined by using self-reports. Results HR adolescents displayed smaller P300 amplitudes in response to novel- and to target stimuli than NR controls, while the latter only approached significance. Interestingly, the effect of having a parental history of SUD on target-P300 disappeared when all other variables were taken into account. Externalizing problem behavior was a powerful predictor of target-P300. In contrast, risk group status uniquely predicted novelty-P300 amplitude reductions above and beyond all other factors. Conclusion Overall, the present findings suggest that the P300 amplitude reduction to novel stimuli might be a more specific endophenotype for SUD than the target-P300 amplitude. This pattern of results underscores the importance of conducting multifactorial assessments when examining important cognitive processes in at-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja S. Euser
- Department of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Brittany E. Evans
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental Psychology and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirstin Greaves-Lord
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anja C. Huizink
- Department of Developmental Psychology and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingmar H. A. Franken
- Department of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Euser AS, Evans BE, Greaves-Lord K, Huizink AC, Franken IHA. Parental rearing behavior prospectively predicts adolescents' risky decision-making and feedback-related electrical brain activity. Dev Sci 2013; 16:409-27. [PMID: 23587039 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the role of parental rearing behavior in adolescents' risky decision-making and the brain's feedback processing mechanisms. Healthy adolescent participants (n = 110) completed the EMBU-C, a self-report questionnaire on perceived parental rearing behaviors between 2006 and 2008 (T1). Subsequently, after an average of 3.5 years, we assessed (a) risky decision-making during performance of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART); (b) event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited by positive (gain) and negative feedback (loss) during the BART; and (c) self-reported substance use behavior (T2). Age-corrected regression analyses showed that parental rejection at T1 accounted for a unique and significant proportion of the variance in risk-taking during the BART; the more adolescents perceived their parents as rejecting, the more risky decisions were made. Higher levels of perceived emotional warmth predicted increased P300 amplitudes in response to positive feedback at T2. Moreover, these larger P300 amplitudes (gain) significantly predicted risky decision-making during the BART. Parental rearing behaviors during childhood thus seem to be significant predictors of both behavioral and electrophysiological indices of risky decision-making in adolescence several years later. This is in keeping with the notion that environmental factors such as parental rearing are important in explaining adolescents' risk-taking propensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja S Euser
- Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Marsman R, Oldehinkel AJ, Ormel J, Buitelaar JK. The dopamine receptor D4 gene and familial loading interact with perceived parenting in predicting externalizing behavior problems in early adolescence: the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS). Psychiatry Res 2013; 209:66-73. [PMID: 23246383 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Although externalizing behavior problems show in general a high stability over time, the course of externalizing behavior problems may vary from individual to individual. Our main goal was to investigate the predictive role of parenting on externalizing behavior problems. In addition, we investigated the potential moderating role of gender and genetic risk (operationalized as familial loading of externalizing behavior problems (FLE), and presence or absence of the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) 7-repeat and 4-repeat allele, respectively). Perceived parenting (rejection, emotional warmth, and overprotection) and FLE were assessed in a population-based sample of 1768 10- to 12-year-old adolescents. Externalizing behavior problems were assessed at the same age and 212 years later by parent report (CBCL) and self-report (YSR). DNA was extracted from blood samples. Parental emotional warmth predicted lower, and parental overprotection and rejection predicted higher levels of externalizing behavior problems. Whereas none of the parenting factors interacted with gender and the DRD4 7-repeat allele, we did find interaction effects with FLE and the DRD4 4-repeat allele. That is, the predictive effect of parental rejection was only observed in adolescents from low FLE families and the predictive effect of parental overprotection was stronger in adolescents not carrying the DRD4 4-repeat allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne Marsman
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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González-Peña P, Egido BD, Carrasco MÁ, Tello FPH. Aggressive behavior in children: the role of temperament and family socialization. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 16:E37. [PMID: 23866232 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2013.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study's objective is to analyze temperament and parenting variables as they relate to proactive and reactive aggression in children. To be specific, profiles based on these variables were analyzed in children with high levels of proactive versus reactive aggression. The sample was made up of two groups: 482 children (52.3% boys) between 1 and 3 years-old, and 422 children (42.42% boys) 3 to 6 years-old. Statistical analyses of the two age groups included: Pearson's correlations to explore the relationships among variables, Cluster Analysis to create groups with different levels of aggression, and finally discriminant analysis to determine which variables discriminate between groups. The results show that high levels of frustration/negative affect in the 1-3 year-old group and low effortful control in children 3 to 6 years old are the most relevant variables in differentiating between aggressive and non-aggressive subjects. Nevertheless, differential profiles of subjects with high levels of proactive versus reactive aggression were not observed. The implications of these different types of aggression in terms of development and prevention are discussed.
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Sijtsema JJ, Veenstra R, Lindenberg S, van Roon AM, Verhulst FC, Ormel J, Riese H. Heart rate and antisocial behavior: mediation and moderation by affiliation with bullies. the TRAILS Study. J Adolesc Health 2013; 52:102-7. [PMID: 23260842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low heart rate (HR) has been linked to antisocial behavior (ASB). However, the effect of low HR may be mediated by affiliation with bullies. We hypothesized that individuals with low HR are more likely to affiliate with bullies and in turn are influenced by these peers. METHODS Data come from two waves of a subsample of the TRAILS study (N = 809; 44.0% boys; mean age of 11.0 years at T1 and 13.5 years at T2). ASB was measured using the Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire at both waves. HR was assessed during rest at T1. Affiliation with bullies was assessed via peer nominations at T1. Possible gender differences were taken into account, and all analyses were adjusted for family context (i.e., family breakup and socioeconomic status). RESULTS Regression analyses showed that lower HR was only associated with ASB in (pre)adolescents who affiliated with bullies. Moreover, the effect of lower HR on boys' ASB was partly mediated by affiliation with bullies. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that (pre)adolescents, and in particular boys, seem to be in environments that match their biological disposition and in turn are shaped by this environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle J Sijtsema
- Interuniversity Center for Social Science Theory and Methodology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Ormel J, Oldehinkel AJ, Sijtsema J, van Oort F, Raven D, Veenstra R, Vollebergh WAM, Verhulst FC. The TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS): design, current status, and selected findings. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012; 51:1020-36. [PMID: 23021478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were as follows: to present a concise overview of the sample, outcomes, determinants, non-response and attrition of the ongoing TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), which started in 2001; to summarize a selection of recent findings on continuity, discontinuity, risk, and protective factors of mental health problems; and to document the development of psychopathology during adolescence, focusing on whether the increase of problem behavior often seen in adolescence is a general phenomenon or more prevalent in vulnerable teens, thereby giving rise to diverging developmental pathways. METHOD The first and second objectives were achieved using descriptive statistics and selective review of previous TRAILS publications; and the third objective by analyzing longitudinal data on internalizing and externalizing problems using Linear Mixed Models (LMM). RESULTS The LMM analyses supported the notion of diverging pathways for rule-breaking behaviors but not for anxiety, depression, or aggression. Overall, rule-breaking (in both genders) and withdrawn/depressed behavior (in girls) increased, whereas aggression and anxious/depressed behavior decreased during adolescence. CONCLUSIONS TRAILS has produced a wealth of data and has contributed substantially to our understanding of mental health problems and social development during adolescence. Future waves will expand this database into adulthood. The typical development of problem behaviors in adolescence differs considerably across both problem dimensions and gender. Developmental pathways during adolescence suggest accumulation of risk (i.e., diverging pathways) for rule-breaking behavior. However, those of anxiety, depression and aggression slightly converge, suggesting the influence of counter-forces and changes in risk unrelated to initial problem levels and underlying vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Ormel
- Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen.
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Father's and mother's perceptions of parenting styles as mediators of the effects of parental psychopathology on antisocial behavior in outpatient children and adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2012; 43:376-92. [PMID: 22120423 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-011-0272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to examine the potential mediating role of father's and mother's parenting styles in the association between parental psychopathology and antisocial behavior in children, and whether this pathway was moderated by child's sex. Participants included both parents and 338 Spanish outpatient children between 8 and 17 years (56.5% boys). Parenting style had a mediating effect on the studied relationships. Maternal psychopathology was positively associated with antisocial behavior in children, either directly or partially by parenting style, while paternal psychopathology was positively associated with offspring antisocial behavior only through the mediator role of parenting style. Child's sex did not moderate these relationships. Parenting style could be a target for prevention and intervention of antisocial behavior in the offspring of parents with mental health problems.
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Sugimura N, Rudolph KD. Temperamental Differences in Children's Reactions to Peer Victimization. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2012; 41:314-28. [PMID: 22420650 PMCID: PMC4646714 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2012.656555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This research examined the hypothesis that temperament and sex moderate the contribution of peer victimization to children's subsequent adjustment (aggression and depressive symptoms). Children (125 boys, 158 girls; M age = 7.95 years, SD = 0.32; 77.7% White, 22.3% minority) and teachers reported on overt and relational victimization. Parents rated children's temperament (inhibitory control and negative emotionality) and depressive symptoms, and teachers reported on children's overt and relational aggression. Across a 1-year period, (a) overt victimization predicted overt aggression in girls with poor inhibitory control, (b) overt and relational victimization predicted depressive symptoms in girls with high negative emotionality, and (c) relational victimization predicted depressive symptoms in boys with low negative emotionality. This research helps to explain individual variation in children's reactions to peer victimization and has implications for Person × Environment models of development. Moreover, this research informs the development of targeted intervention programs for victimized youth that bolster specific resources depending on their temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwako Sugimura
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
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Family environment is associated with HPA-axis activity in adolescents. The TRAILS study. Biol Psychol 2012; 89:460-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kiff CJ, Lengua LJ, Zalewski M. Nature and nurturing: parenting in the context of child temperament. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2011; 14:251-301. [PMID: 21461681 PMCID: PMC3163750 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-011-0093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Accounting for both bidirectional and interactive effects between parenting and child temperament can fine-tune theoretical models of the role of parenting and temperament in children's development of adjustment problems. Evidence for bidirectional and interactive effects between parenting and children's characteristics of frustration, fear, self-regulation, and impulsivity was reviewed, and an overall model of children's individual differences in response to parenting is proposed. In general, children high in frustration, impulsivity and low in effortful control are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of negative parenting, while in turn, many negative parenting behaviors predict increases in these characteristics. Frustration, fearfulness, and effortful control also appear to elicit parenting behaviors that can predict increases in these characteristics. Irritability renders children more susceptible to negative parenting behaviors. Fearfulness operates in a very complex manner, sometimes increasing children's responses to parenting behaviors and sometimes mitigating them and apparently operating differently across gender. Important directions for future research include the use of study designs and analytic approaches that account for the direction of effects and for developmental changes in parenting and temperament over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara J Kiff
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Griffith-Lendering MFH, Huijbregts SCJ, Huizink AC, Ormel H, Verhulst FC, Vollebergh WAM, Swaab H. Social Skills as Precursors of Cannabis Use in Young Adolescents: A Trails Study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2011; 40:706-14. [DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2011.597085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Griffith-Lendering MFH, Huijbregts SCJ, Mooijaart A, Vollebergh WAM, Swaab H. Cannabis use and development of externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems in early adolescence: A TRAILS study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011; 116:11-7. [PMID: 21208753 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the prospective relationship between externalizing and internalizing problems and cannabis use in early adolescence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were used from the TRAILS study, a longitudinal cohort study of (pre)adolescents (n=1,449), with measurements at age 11.1 (T1), age 13.6 (T2) and age 16.3 (T3). Internalizing (withdrawn behaviour, somatic complaints and depression) and externalizing (delinquent and aggressive behaviour) problems were assessed at all data waves, using the Youth Self Report. Participants reported on cannabis use at the second and third wave. Path analysis was used to identify the temporal order of internalizing and externalizing problems and cannabis use. RESULTS Path analysis showed no associations between cannabis use (T2-T3) and internalizing problems (T1-2-3). However, cannabis use and externalizing problems were associated (r ranged from .19-.58); path analysis showed that externalizing problems at T1 and T2 preceded cannabis use at T2 and T3, respectively. In contrast, cannabis use (T2) did not precede externalizing problems (T3). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that in early adolescence, there is no association between internalizing behaviour and cannabis use. There is an association between externalizing behaviour and cannabis use, and it appears that externalizing behaviour precedes cannabis use rather than the other way around during this age period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F H Griffith-Lendering
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Studies- Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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van Leeuwen AP, Verhulst FC, Reijneveld SA, Vollebergh WAM, Ormel J, Huizink AC. Can the gateway hypothesis, the common liability model and/or, the route of administration model predict initiation of cannabis use during adolescence? A survival analysis--the TRAILS study. J Adolesc Health 2011; 48:73-8. [PMID: 21185527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is substantial research linking tobacco and alcohol use to subsequent cannabis use, yet the specificity of this relationship is still under debate. The aim of this study was to examine which substance use model--the gateway hypothesis, the common liability (CL) model and/or the route of administration model--best explains the relationship between early onset of tobacco and alcohol use and subsequent cannabis use initiation. METHODS We used data from 2,113 (51% female) Dutch adolescents who participated in three consecutive assessment waves (mean age: 11.09, 13.56, and 16.27 years, respectively) of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey study. (Pre)adolescent cannabis, tobacco and alcohol use was assessed using the Youth Self-Report and a TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey developed questionnaire. RESULTS We found that, during adolescence, early onset of tobacco use does not pose a significantly higher risk of initiating cannabis use than early onset alcohol use. Therefore, we can rule out the route of administration model. Moreover, we found that adolescents who reported early onset comorbid use of both tobacco and alcohol have a higher likelihood to initiate cannabis use than adolescents who have tried either tobacco or alcohol. The gateway hypothesis is not broad enough to explain this finding. Therefore, the CL model best predicts our findings. CONCLUSION Future research on adolescent cannabis initiation should focus on testing the robustness of the CL model. Furthermore, identifying adolescents who use both tobacco and alcohol, before the age of 13, may help to curtail the onset of cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Prince van Leeuwen
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, Department of Education, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Bakker MP, Ormel J, Verhulst FC, Oldehinkel AJ. Adolescent Family Adversity and Mental Health Problems: The Role of Adaptive Self-regulation Capacities. The TRAILS Study. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 39:341-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s10802-010-9470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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van der Laan AM, Veenstra R, Bogaerts S, Verhulst FC, Ormel J. Serious, minor, and non-delinquents in early adolescence: the impact of cumulative risk and promotive factors. The TRAILS study. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 38:339-51. [PMID: 19957027 PMCID: PMC2839520 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-009-9368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study uses a social-ecological approach to the development of delinquency. The authors emphasize that a balance between eliminating risk and enhancing protection across domains is essential in reducing problems and promoting competence. The cumulative risk and promotive effects of temperament, family and school factors in preadolescence were examined on different groups of delinquents (based on self-report) in early adolescence. Data from the first two waves of the TRAILS study (N = 2,230) were used. The results provide evidence for a compensatory model that assumes main effects of risk and promotive factors on problem behavior. Accumulation of risks in preadolescence promoted being a serious delinquent in early adolescence, with the strongest effects for temperament. Accumulation of promotive effects decreased being a delinquent and supported being a non-delinquent. Furthermore, evidence is found for a counter-balancing effect of cumulative promotive and risk factors. Exposure to more promotive domains in the relative absence of risk domains decreased the percentage of serious delinquents. Our results did not support a protective model. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M van der Laan
- Crime, Prevention and Sanctions division, WODC, Ministry of Justice, PO BOX 20301, 2500 EH, The Hague, the Netherlands.
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Reijneveld SA, Veenstra R, de Winter AF, Verhulst FC, Ormel J, de Meer G. Area deprivation affects behavioral problems of young adolescents in mixed urban and rural areas: the TRAILS study. J Adolesc Health 2010; 46:189-96. [PMID: 20113925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2009] [Revised: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Behavioral problems occur more frequently among adolescents in deprived areas, but most evidence concerns urbanized areas. Our aim was to assess the impact of area deprivation and urbanization on the occurrence and development of behavioral problems among adolescents in a mixed urban and rural area and to examine the contributory factors. METHODS We obtained data from the first two waves (n=2,230; mean ages, 11.5 and 13.5 years respectively; response at follow-up, 96.4%) of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS). TRAILS is a prospective study of adolescent mental health in a mixed urban and rural region of the Netherlands. We assessed adolescent behavioral problems using the parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the adolescent-reported Youth Self-Report (YSR) and the Antisocial Behavior Scale (ABS). Living areas were categorized into tertiles of deprivation. We further collected data on child temperament, perceived rearing style, parental socioeconomic position (education, income and occupation), family composition, and parental mental health history. RESULTS At baseline, adolescents living in the most deprived tertile more frequently had elevated behavioral problem scores than those from the least deprived tertile on the CBCL (11.2% against 7.1%), YSR (11.9% against 6.9%), and ASB (11.5% against 7.4%) (all p < .05). Socioeconomic position explained half of the differences due to area deprivation. Other familial and parental characteristics did not significantly contribute to the explanation of observed area differences. CONCLUSIONS As in highly urbanized areas, behavioral problems occur more frequently among adolescents in deprived mixed rural and urban areas. Urbanization has little effect on these area differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijmen A Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Sentse M, Dijkstra JK, Lindenberg S, Ormel J, Veenstra R. The delicate balance between parental protection, unsupervised wandering, and adolescents’ autonomy and its relation with antisocial behavior: The TRAILS study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025409350949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In a large sample of early adolescents (T2: N = 1023; M age = 13.51; 55.5% girls), the impact of parental protection and unsupervised wandering on adolescents’ antisocial behavior 2.5 years later was tested in this TRAILS study; gender and parental knowledge were controlled for. In addition, the level of biological maturation and having antisocial friends were included as possible moderators for the associations of parental protection and unsupervised wandering with adolescent antisocial behavior. The negative effect of protection on engagement in antisocial behavior held only for boys and for early-maturing adolescents, whereas the effect of unsupervised wandering was found only for boys and for adolescents who had antisocial friends. The results point to a delicate balance between parental protection and unsupervised wandering with respect to adolescents’ autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Sentse
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands,
| | | | | | - Johan Ormel
- University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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