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Pengpid S, Peltzer K, Rodríguez MJ. Adolescent health-risk behaviours in Uruguay: Patterns from national cross-sectional school surveys conducted in 2006, 2012 and 2019. Trop Med Int Health 2024; 29:801-812. [PMID: 39003628 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no trend studies on various health risk behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay. Therefore, this study looked at trends in a number of health-risky behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay from three separate surveys. METHODS Data from 9272 adolescents (age range: 11-16 years), who took part in three cross-sectional national in-school surveys in Uruguay in 2006, 2012 and 2019 were analysed. A self-administered survey was used to evaluate 24 health risk behaviours. By using logistic regression analyses to treat the study year as a categorical variable and adjusting food insecurity and age, linear trends were examined. RESULTS We found a significant increase in the prevalence of being overweight, having obesity, inadequate fruit intake, sedentary behaviour in leisure-time, physical inactivity, bullying victimisation, loneliness, suicidal ideation, and sexual activity. We found a significant decrease in current cigarette use, physical fighting and current alcohol use. Among males, a significant increase of non-condom use, and a decrease in current other tobacco use (other than cigarettes), being physically attacked and the number of sexual partners. Among females, we found an increase in food insecurity, trouble from alcohol use, multiple sexual partners, and sleep problems. CONCLUSION Overall, from 2006 to 2019, there was a decrease in seven health risk behaviours among boys and/or girls. Among boys, there was an increase in 10 health risk behaviours and among girls, 15 health risk behaviours increased, highlighting adolescent girls' greater vulnerability, thereby perpetuating further gendered health inequalities. In Uruguay, school health programmes for adolescents are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Jácome EVM, Bessa MSD, Borges BCD, Torres ACSP. Addition of substances to reduce the erosive potential of acidic beverages to tooth enamel: A scoping review. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:758-768. [PMID: 38439218 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed (1) to map, analyse, interpret and synthesize data from in situ studies on which substances were added to acidic beverages to reduce the erosive potential on tooth enamel and (2) to establish the level of evidence of the effectiveness of adding substances to acidic beverages to reduce the erosive potential on tooth enamel. DESIGN This is a scoping review, according to the methods from the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR, with high-sensitivity searches in the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Virtual Health Library, Embase (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science and ScienceDirect (Elsevier). In situ studies published in English until December 2022 were included. Studies that did not report a control group were excluded. To map and summarize the results, tables and figures were used. RESULTS From 895 potentially eligible articles, nine were included. Blackcurrant juices (n = 5) with the addition of calcium (n = 3) or xanthan gum (n = 2) formulations were the most tested in terms of reducing the erosive potential of the beverages on tooth enamel. The profilometer was the equipment of choice (n = 8) for evaluating the loss of enamel structure after the experimental tests. CONCLUSIONS Calcium and xanthan gum are among the most tested by in situ studies, offering promising results in reducing the erosive potential of fruit juices and carbonated and energy drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Silva de Bessa
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
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Hefner M, Kudchadkar G, Hia RA, Sultan MA, Booe H, Dhurandhar NV. Confronting the challenge of promoting fruit and vegetable intake for obesity management: An alternative approach. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:1043-1044. [PMID: 38632324 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marleigh Hefner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Gaurav Kudchadkar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Raksa Andalib Hia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Most Arifa Sultan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Holli Booe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Nikhil V Dhurandhar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Ebrahimi P, Karami M, Hosseini-Berneti SH, Lashkarbolouki AH, Keshtegar S, Ghezel MA, Nikbakht HA. Examining the trend of mortality of genitourinary system cancers in Babol, North Iran (2013-2021). BMC Urol 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 39080636 PMCID: PMC11289959 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancers of the genitourinary system, particularly prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer, exhibit a high prevalence. Consequently, predicting the morbidity and mortality of genitourinary cancers holds great significance for future planning and implementation. This study aimed to examine the crude and age-standardized rates of mortality and the trend of genitourinary cancers over nine years in northern Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data on the number of deaths attributed to genitourinary cancers recorded in Babol City between 2013 and 2021 through the cause of death registration and classification system. Population estimates were derived from the latest census reports. Subsequently, crude and age-standardized rates, as well as trends for genitourinary cancers, were calculated. RESULTS A total of 307 deaths occurred, with an average age of 75.6 ± 14.3 years due to genitourinary cancers. The crude and age-standardized rates of genitourinary cancers increased from 2.7 and 1.9 per hundred thousand people in 2013 to 7.7 and 5.9 per hundred thousand people in 2021, respectively. Over the study period, death rates significantly rose for men (P < 0.001) and remained constant for women (P = 0.444). Examination of genitourinary cancers revealed an upward trend for bladder (P = 0.012) and prostate (P = 0.012) cancers, while a stable trend was observed for kidney (P = 0.070) and testicular (P = 0.139) cancers. CONCLUSIONS The age-standardized rate and trend of genitourinary cancers are rising. Consequently, this study emphasizes the importance of prevention through screening programs, raising awareness, and utilizing appropriate diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohsen Karami
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | | | - Sana Keshtegar
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, 47176-47745, Iran.
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Dierckens M, Deforche B, De Clercq B, Weinberg D, Stevens GWJM, Chatelan A, Rouche M, Clays E, Delaruelle K. Country-level sociocultural context and socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent dietary behaviours: A multilevel analysis in 21 European countries. Appetite 2024; 198:107339. [PMID: 38604381 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Studies to date have predominantly focused on countries' socioeconomic conditions (e.g., income inequality) to explain cross-national differences in socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health (behaviours). However, the potential explanatory role of sociocultural contexts at country-level remains underexamined. This study examined whether the country-level sociocultural context and changes thereof were associated with adolescent socioeconomic inequalities in dietary behaviours. International comparative data of 344,352 adolescents living in 21 countries participating in 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 waves of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey were combined with aggregated levels of openness-to-change from the European Social Survey (ESS). Four dietary behaviours (i.e., fruit, vegetable, sweets and soft drink consumption) and two measures of socioeconomic status (SES) on the individual level (i.e., family affluence scale [FAS] and occupational social class [OSC]) were studied. Multilevel logistic regression analyses returned contrasting results for the two SES measures used. In countries with higher levels of openness-to-change, smaller FAS inequalities in daily fruit, sweets and soft drink consumption were observed, but no such inequalities were found for vegetable consumption. Conversely, in these countries, larger OSC inequalities in soft drink consumption were found. Country-specific changes in openness-to-change over time were not associated with the magnitude of adolescent dietary inequalities. Findings underscore the importance of including country-level sociocultural contexts to improve the understanding of cross-national differences in socioeconomic inequalities in adolescents' diets. Future studies, spanning a longer timeframe, are required to examine whether such associations exist within countries over time since our timeframe might have been too small to capture these long-term trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Dierckens
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Movement and Nutrition for Health and Performance Research Group, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart De Clercq
- Mensura R&D Department, Mensura EDPB, Italiëlei 2, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Dominic Weinberg
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke W J M Stevens
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Angeline Chatelan
- Research Centre in Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manon Rouche
- Research Centre in Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Els Clays
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrijn Delaruelle
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Chen S, López-Gil JF, Memon AR, Bao R, Yang X. Associations of Eating Habits with Self-Rated Health and Life Satisfaction in Adolescents: A 42-Country Cross-Sectional Study. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1501-1513. [PMID: 38921065 PMCID: PMC11202602 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14060099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the associations of eating habits with self-rated health and life satisfaction in adolescents using a multiple-country sample. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2013/2014 wave was used in this study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data on independent variables including breakfast on weekdays, breakfast at weekends, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, sweets, and soft dirks. Outcomes included self-rated health and life satisfaction. Regression models were used to assess the associations between the independent variables and the two outcomes, separately, after controlling for covariates. Results were presented using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Of all the study participants (aged 11-15 years), 50.8% were girls. Compared with no consumption of breakfast on weekdays, eating breakfast for five days had 1.22 times greater likelihood for improved self-rated health (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.19-1.25, p < 0.001). Participants who ate breakfast for both days (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.36-1.46, p < 0.001) and one day (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.08-1.17, p < 0.001) were more likely to experience improved self-rated health compared to never eating breakfast at weekends. Five or more days for fruit and vegetable consumption resulted in better self-rated health (all p < 0.001). Similar results were found in terms of the associations of breakfast, fruit, and vegetable consumption with life satisfaction. For example, a higher frequency of fruit intake was associated with enhanced self-rated health (e.g., OR for more than once daily = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.34-1.51, p < 0.001) compared to no fruit consumption. Similarly, a higher-frequency vegetable intake, such as more than once daily (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.26-1.39, p < 0.001), was associated with improved self-rated health. CONCLUSIONS Healthy eating habits, especially regular breakfast and a higher consumption of vegetables and fruit, are associated with better self-rated health and life satisfaction in school-aged children. Of note, the consumption of fruit would have the greatest impact on health and wellbeing outcomes. This study offers evidence that healthy eating habits can play a vital role in school-aged children's health and wellbeing, highlighting the practical significance of educating adolescents to develop healthy eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
| | | | - Aamir Raoof Memon
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
| | - Ran Bao
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Xingyi Yang
- Centre for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
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Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, Elkhodary HM, Alattas LK, Alshaikh AB, Farsi NM. Prevalence of Obesity and Dental Caries in High School Adolescents during the First Decade of Saudi Vision 2030: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:563. [PMID: 38790558 PMCID: PMC11119454 DOI: 10.3390/children11050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Saudi Vision 2030 was launched in 2016. Obesity and dental caries are both highly prevalent in Saudi adolescents and have been targeted by the Vision's health initiatives. The aim is to assess their prevalence in adolescents during the first decade since the launch of the Vision. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia using a stratified sample of 571 high school students, with an average age of 16.7 (0.6). Their height and weight were measured, and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The decayed, missed, and filled scores (DMFTs) were recorded after an oral examination. Non-parametric tests were used to assess the associations of DMFT with BMI, sex, and school type; and its predictors were assessed. One-third of males were overweight/obese compared with 22% of females. Males exhibited higher DMFTs than females. DMFTs were higher among public school students than among their private school counterparts. No significant association was observed between DMFT and BMI. Sex and school type were significant predictors of DMFT. The prevalence of obesity has slowly decreased in adolescents, but the prevalence of dental caries has not. There was no significant relationship between these conditions. Saudi Vision 2030's current preventive/educational initiatives may be more effective in combating obesity than dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.E.); (N.M.F.)
| | - Nada J. Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Heba M. Elkhodary
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.E.); (N.M.F.)
- Department of Pedodontics and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Alazhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Logain K. Alattas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Ali B. Alshaikh
- Saudi Board of Pediatric Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 12611, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Najat M. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.E.); (N.M.F.)
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Pelc A, Walicka-Cupryś K, Puszkarz G, Styś K, Chmiel E, Wilk S, Ludwikowski G, Placek K. Evaluation of the relationship between body composition and dietary habits of physically active people with disabilities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10247. [PMID: 38702369 PMCID: PMC11068795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity offers numerous physical and mental health benefits for individuals with disabilities, while nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily homeostasis. This study aimed to assess the relationship between body composition and dietary habits among physically active people with disabilities. Fifty-five participants aged 16 to 61, including 28 with disabilities and 27 without, were included in the study. The FFQ-6 questionnaire, Tanita body composition analyzer, and Stadiometer were utilized. No significant differences in BMI were observed between the two groups. However, individuals with disabilities showed higher body fat, metabolic age, or pulse values, whereas the control group exhibited higher muscle mass, muscle quality, body type, or bone mass. Participants with disabilities were more likely to consume vegetables (p = 0.004) and animal fats (p = 0.027), while those without disabilities were more inclined to consume fast food, instant products (p = 0.006), sweetened beverages (p < 0.001), and alcohol (p < 0.001). People with disabilities often have a higher percentage of body fat, cautioning against the consumption of processed fruits, dried fruits, fast food, and red meat. Conversely, in non-disabled individuals, frequent consumption of eggs, animal fats, sugar, and sweets is not recommended due to the potential for increased body fat, visceral fat, and higher BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pelc
- Student Scientific Circle-Fascination With Body Posture "Habitus", University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Walicka-Cupryś
- Student Scientific Circle-Fascination With Body Posture "Habitus", University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Puszkarz
- Student Scientific Circle-Fascination With Body Posture "Habitus", University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Kamila Styś
- Student Scientific Circle-Fascination With Body Posture "Habitus", University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Chmiel
- Student Scientific Circle-Fascination With Body Posture "Habitus", University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wilk
- Student Scientific Circle-Fascination With Body Posture "Habitus", University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C Street, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Ludwikowski
- Department and Clinic of Obstetrics, Women's Diseases and Oncological Gynecology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, University Hospital No. 2 Jana Biziela in Bydgoszcz, 85-067, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Placek
- Department and Clinic of Obstetrics, Women's Diseases and Oncological Gynecology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, University Hospital No. 2 Jana Biziela in Bydgoszcz, 85-067, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Wu X, Yu Y, He H, Yu X, Guo D, Zhu W. Individual and family factors correlated with children's fruit consumption. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1399704. [PMID: 38737855 PMCID: PMC11082377 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1399704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fruits are essential for health, yet their consumption in children is inadequate, with unclear influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among students in grades 3-12 in Beijing, China, from September 2020 to June 2021. Fruit consumption in children was surveyed using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, children's food and nutrition literacy and family food environments were assessed using the "Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children" and the "Family Food Environment Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children," respectively. Results Out of 10,000 participating children, 62.5% consumed fruit daily, with a lower frequency among boys (59.3%) compared to girls (65.8%), and among senior students (48.6%) compared to junior (63.6%) and primary students (71.2%). Fruit consumption was positively associated with other healthy foods (vegetables, whole grains, etc.) and negatively with unhealthy foods (sugared soft drinks). Children with higher food and nutrition literacy consumed fruits daily more frequently (82.4% vs. 59.9%, ORs = 2.438, 95%CI: 2.072-2.868). A significant positive correlation was found between children's fruit consumption and a healthy family food environment (66.4% vs. 50.2%, OR = 1.507, 95%CI: 1.363-1.667). Conclusion The results indicate that individual food and nutrition literacy and family food environment are key positive predictors of children's fruit consumption. Future interventions should focus on educating children and encouraging parents to foster supportive family environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Yu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Hairong He
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Eshaghian N, Zare MJ, Mohammadian MK, Gozidehkar Z, Ahansaz A, Askari G, Asadi M, Milajerdi A, Sadeghi O. Sugar sweetened beverages, natural fruit juices, and cancer: what we know and what still needs to be assessed. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1301335. [PMID: 38178975 PMCID: PMC10764622 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1301335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is known as one of the leading causes of death in the world. In addition to early mortality, cancer is associated with disability in affected patients. Among environmental risk factors, special attention has been paid to the role of dietary factors. In recent decades, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and natural fruit juices has increased. Several studies have assessed the effects of these beverages on human health and found that a higher intake of SSBs is associated with a greater risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, current evidence for cancer incidence and mortality is not conclusive. In the current review, we concluded that SSBs intake might be positively associated with cancer incidence/mortality through their increasing effects on obesity, inflammatory biomarkers, serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and advanced glycation end-products. Such a positive association was also seen for natural fruit juices. However, types of natural fruit juices were not considered in most previous studies. In addition, some types of cancer including brain, lung, and renal cancers were not assessed in relation to SSBs and natural fruit juices. Therefore, further studies are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Eshaghian
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Zare
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Zohre Gozidehkar
- Department of Public Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Ahansaz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Asadi
- Department of Operating Room Nursing, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Shawon MSR, Rouf RR, Jahan E, Hossain FB, Mahmood S, Gupta RD, Islam MI, Al Kibria GM, Islam S. The burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours among 222,401 school-going adolescents from 61 countries. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21894. [PMID: 38082022 PMCID: PMC10713667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to calculate the sex-specific prevalence of psychological distress and unhealthy eating habits among adolescents across countries and regions, and to explore their potential associations. We used data from the Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) for 61 countries. Psychological distress was defined based on the existence of ≥ 2 factors from the following: loneliness, anxiety, suicide ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempt. Four unhealthy dietary behaviours were examined: inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily consumption of soft drinks, and weekly fast-food consumption. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the overall and regional pooled prevalence. Mixed-effect multilevel logistic regressions were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of unhealthy dietary behaviours in relation to psychological distress. Among 222,401 school-going adolescents (53.3% girls), the prevalence of psychological distress was 17.9%, with girls reporting higher than boys (20.8% vs. 14.9%). Adolescents in the African region reported the highest prevalence (22.5%), while those in the South-East Asia region reported the lowest (11.3%). The prevalence of inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink consumption, and weekly fast-food consumption was 37.0%, 28.5%, 50.0%, and 57.4% respectively. Psychological distress was associated with inadequate fruit intake (pooled aOR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.17-1.23), inadequate vegetable intake (pooled OR = 1.19, 1.16-1.22), daily consumption of soft drinks (pooled aOR = 1.14, 1.12-1.17), and weekly consumption of fast food (pooled aOR = 1.12, 1.09-1.15). Our findings indicate a substantial variance in the burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours across different regions. Adolescents experiencing psychological distress were more likely to have unhealthy dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shajedur Rahman Shawon
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Level 2, AGSM Building (G27), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | | | - Esrat Jahan
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Rajat Das Gupta
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Md Irteja Islam
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Perth, Australia
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Silva Júnior AE, de Oliveira ADS, Praxedes DRS, da Costa Paula DT, de Lima Macena M, de Menezes Toledo Florêncio TM, Clemente APG, Bueno NB. Social and Racial Disparities in Food Consumption Among Brazilian College Students: a Nationwide Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:2630-2640. [PMID: 36344748 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the association between economic class, race/skin color, and food consumption among Brazilian college students. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted with college students from all over Brazil. Demographic data, economic class, self-reported race/skin color, anthropometry, and food consumption markers from the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System were collected. The final sample comprised 5843 participants with a mean age of 24.1 (SD: 6.3) years, 4292 (73.5%) were female, and 810 (13.9%) in the highest economic stratum. We observed a progressive decrease in the frequency of fresh fruits and vegetables consumption from higher to lower economic classes (p < 0.01 for both). Contrarily, there was a progressive increase in the frequency of consumption of beans from higher to lower economic classes (p < 0.01). The frequency consumption of vegetables was also associated with race/skin color (p < 0.01), being lower in brown (PR: 0.94; CI 95%: 0.90; 0.98), and black (PR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.85; 0.98) individuals, compared to white individuals. Brown individuals showed higher frequency consumption of beans (PR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.05; 1.15) than whites. When compared to individuals of white race/skin color, brown (PR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01; 1.13) and black (PR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.07; 1.23) individuals showed higher frequency consumption of sweetened beverages. Economic class and race/skin color were independent factors associated with the food consumption of Brazilian college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Eduardo Silva Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Debora Santos de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival de Melo Mota S/N, Maceió-AL, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Dafiny Rodrigues Silva Praxedes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus de Lima Macena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Grotti Clemente
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival de Melo Mota S/N, Maceió-AL, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival de Melo Mota S/N, Maceió-AL, 57072-970, Brazil.
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Ahmed KR, Kolbe-Alexander T, Khan A. Efficacy of a school-based education intervention on the consumption of fruits, vegetables and carbonated soft drinks among adolescents. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:3112-3121. [PMID: 37781771 PMCID: PMC10755403 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of a school-based education intervention on the consumption of fruit, vegetables and carbonated soft drinks among adolescents. DESIGN Cluster-randomised controlled trial. SETTING Eight secondary schools from Dhaka, Bangladesh, participated in this trial and were randomly allocated to intervention (n 160) and control groups (n 160). PARTICIPANTS A total of 320 students from 8th to 9th grades participated and completed the self-reported questionnaires at baseline, and at 8 and 12 weeks. The intervention included weekly classroom-based nutrition education sessions for students and healthy eating materials for students and parents. Repeated measures ANCOVA was used to assess the effects of the intervention. RESULTS Daily fresh fruit intake was more frequent in the intervention (26 %) compared to the control group (3 %) at 12 weeks (p = 0·006). Participants from the intervention group also reported a significantly (P < 0·001) higher (49 %) proportion of fresh vegetable intake compared to the control group (2 %) at 12 weeks. Frequency of daily carbonated soft drinks intake decreased (25 %) in the intervention group at 12 weeks compared to baseline, while it remained unchanged in the control group; the interaction effect was observed significant (P = 0·002). CONCLUSION Our school-based education intervention increased the daily frequency of fresh vegetables and fruit intake and decreased carbonated soft drink consumption among adolescents in the intervention group. There is a need for scaling up the intervention to engage students and empower them to develop healthy dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi R Ahmed
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Darus Salam, Mirpur, Dhaka1216, Bangladesh
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tracy Kolbe-Alexander
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Huang Z, Li S, Lu F, Tian K, Peng L. Current situation and factors influencing physical fitness among adolescents aged 12 ∼ 15 in Shandong Province, China: A cross-sectional study. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102460. [PMID: 37927974 PMCID: PMC10622685 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent physical fitness serves not merely as a current barometer of well-being but as a significant prognosticator of future health trajectories. Amidst the tumult of socioeconomic metamorphoses and pronounced lifestyle transitions enveloping China-mirroring global trends-the imperative to elucidate the present landscape of adolescent physical fitness intensifies. Moreover, discerning the myriad determinants underpinning it becomes paramount. In this context, our research endeavored to meticulously delineate the physical fitness milieu of adolescents residing in Shandong Province, systematically unpacking the multifarious influencers thereof. The insights garnered herein furnish an empirical foundation, primed to guide the sculpting of calibrated interventions, targeting the enhancement of health in this pivotal population cohort. In an extensive evaluative survey conducted in 2023 concerning the physical fitness of Shandong's student populace, a cohort of 33,211 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years was delineated utilizing a stratified random cluster sampling technique. This exercise meticulously quantified the physical fitness indices across diverse gender, age, and household registration classifications, subsequently computing the concomitant qualified rates. Employing multivariable logistic regression analysis, this investigation delved into the determinants modulating the adolescents' physical fitness qualified rate. For 2023, the aggregate fitness qualified rate stood at 91.94 % for the adolescents aged 12 ∼ 15 in Shandong Province. Gender-wise, female adolescents registered a qualified rate of 92.25 %, marginally eclipsing their male peers at 91.63 % (P < 0.05). An age-related trend in qualified rates was discernible, with marked variations across different age bands (P < 0.05): 91.37 % for 12-year-olds, 91.79 % for 13-year-olds, 91.81 % for 14-year-olds, and a zenith of 92.87 % for 15-year-olds. A geographical dichotomy emerged wherein rural adolescents distinctly outperformed their urban counterparts, notching up a 92.28 % qualified rate versus 91.64 % in urban settings (P < 0.05). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, and household registration characteristics, adolescents had a lower odds of failing the physical fitness tests whose parents both liked physical exercises, whose parents supported children's participation in physical exercise, who participated in physical exercise sessions 3 ∼ 5 times per week or more than 5 times per week, who exercised for 0.5 ∼ 1 h each time or more than 1 h each time, who engaged in moderate intensity physical exercise, who slept 6 ∼ 8 h per day or more than 8 h per day, who consumed breakfast 3 ∼ 6 times per week or daily. On the other hand, adolescents had a higher odds of failing the physical fitness tests who always exposed to passive smoking, who spent 1 ∼ 3 h on screen per day or more than 3 h on screen per day, who spent more than 3 h doing homework per day, who consumed fast food 2 ∼ 3 times per week or more than 3 times per week. The physical fitness trajectory of adolescents residing within Shandong Province is tethered to a mosaic of determinants. This underscores the imperative for a synergistic strategy, harmonizing parental, scholastic, and societal vectors, to cultivate the salubrious maturation of this pivotal cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Huang
- School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Mathematical Group, Chenguan Central Middle School in Guangrao County, Dongying, China
| | - Fei Lu
- Physical Education Group, Dongying Experimental Middle School, Dongying, China
| | - Kunzong Tian
- School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
| | - Lujing Peng
- School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
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Kaur S. Barriers to consumption of fruits and vegetables and strategies to overcome them in low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:420-447. [PMID: 36004512 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422422000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the barriers to the consumption of fruits and vegetables (FVs) as well as strategies to improve the intake of FVs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The importance of the consumption of FVs and its role in disease prevention are discussed briefly. Trends in the consumption of FVs in LMICs are also summarised. The WHO recommends that every individual should consume at least five servings or 400 grams of FVs per day. Epidemiological and clinical investigations have demonstrated that FVs contain numerous bioactive compounds with health-protecting activities. Despite their health benefits, the intake of FVs in LMICs remains low. Major barriers identified were socio-demographic factors, environmental conditions, individual and cultural factors, and macrosystem influences. These barriers may be lowered at the household, school, community, and national level through multi-component interventions including behaviour change communication (BCC) initiatives, nutrition education (NE), gardening initiatives, farm to institution programs (FIPs), food baskets, cash transfers, nutrition-agriculture policy and program linkages, and food-market environment-based strategies. This review has research implications due to the positive outcomes of strategies that lower such barriers and boost consumption of FVs in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdeep Kaur
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab141004, India
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16
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Lindroos AK, Hallström E, Moraeus L, Strid A, Winkvist A. Dietary Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Diet Quality in a Cross-Sectional Study of Swedish Adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:956-965. [PMID: 37678640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions to improve dietary intake and reduce dietary greenhouse gas emissions (dGHGE) are urgently needed. Adolescence presents a unique time in life to promote sustainable diets. Detailed dietary data are needed to inform public health strategies aiming at improving adolescents' diet quality and reducing dGHGE. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe dGHGE in Swedish adolescents' diets by socio-demographic characteristics, evaluate how food groups contribute to dGHGE, and examine dGHGE in relation to diet quality. METHODS Data come from the national, school-based, cross-sectional dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17 of 3099 females and males attending school grades 5 (11-12 y old), 8 (14-15 y old) and 11 (17-18 y old). Participants completed 2 web-based 24-h recalls and questionnaires on lifestyle factors. dGHGE was estimated based on life cycle assessment data. Diet quality was estimated using NRF11.3 (Nutrient Rich Food Index) and SHEIA15 (Swedish Healthy Eating Index for Adolescents 2015). RESULTS dGHGE were higher in males than females (medians 4.2 versus 3.8 kg CO2e/10 MJ, P < 0.001). In females, dGHGE were highest in grade 5 (4.0 kg CO2e/10MJ), whereas in males, emissions were highest in grade 11 (4.4 kg CO2e/10MJ), P < 0.001 for the sex/grade interaction. Overweight/obesity was positively associated with CO2e/10MJ, but parental education, birthplace, and degree of urbanization were not. In females, the proportion of dGHGE from animal-based foods was lowest in grade 11, whereas the proportions from plant-based foods and sweet foods/beverages were highest. In males, these proportions were similar across grades. NRF11.3 was not associated with CO2e/10MJ, whereas healthier eating, according to SHEIA15, was inversely associated with CO2e/10MJ. CONCLUSIONS Food choices and dGHGE per calorie differ by sex in adolescents. Thus, intervention strategies to improve dietary sustainability need to be tailored differently to females and males. Diet quality should also be considered when promoting reduced GHGE diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karin Lindroos
- Department of Risk Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Elinor Hallström
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Department of Food and Agriculture, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lotta Moraeus
- Department of Risk Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Strid
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
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Rehman OU, Fatima E, Arabpour J. The association of excessive soft drinks consumption with early-onset colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 2023; 192:113242. [PMID: 37572560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Ur Rehman
- Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Eeshal Fatima
- Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Javad Arabpour
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
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Treitler JT, Tekle S, Ushe J, Zanin L, Capshaw T, Tardieu G, Libin A, Zeng Q. Characterizing nutrient patterns of food items in adolescent diet using data from a novel citizen science project and the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Front Nutr 2023; 10:1233141. [PMID: 37810927 PMCID: PMC10551458 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1233141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A healthy diet is essential for promoting good health during adolescence and mitigating disease risks in adulthood. This underscores the need for improved nutrition education and increased access to healthier food choices. However, the accuracy of dietary data poses a significant challenge in nutritional research. Methods We utilized and analyzed a novel dietary record dataset collected through a high school citizen science project to address this issue. We focused on nutrients rather than food groups to characterize adolescent dietary patterns. The same analyses were performed on the 2019-2021 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for comparison. Results Based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's recommended daily value (DV) for nutrients, the majority of food items in our citizen science dataset are low (i.e., <5% DV) in lipids, fiber, potassium, calcium, iron, sugar, and cholesterol. Only a minority of items are high (i.e., >20% DV) in macro and micronutrients. The clustering analysis identified nine food clusters with distinct nutrient profiles that vary significantly in size. The analyses on the NHANES data yielded similar findings, but with higher proportions of foods high in energy, lipids, carbohydrates, sugar, iron, and sodium compared with those of the citizen science dataset. Discussion This study demonstrates the potential of citizen science projects in gathering valuable dietary data and understanding adolescent nutrient intake. Identifying critical nutrient gaps can guide targeted nutrition education and the provision of accessible healthier food options, leading to positive health outcomes during adolescence and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah T. Treitler
- Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, VA, United States
- The Biomedical Informatics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Senait Tekle
- The Biomedical Informatics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jennifer Ushe
- Alexandria City Public Schools, Alexandria, VA, United States
| | - Linda Zanin
- Alexandria City Public Schools, Alexandria, VA, United States
| | - Teri Capshaw
- Alexandria City Public Schools, Alexandria, VA, United States
| | - Gregory Tardieu
- Alexandria City Public Schools, Alexandria, VA, United States
| | - Alexander Libin
- Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science (GHUCCTS), Washington, DC, United States
| | - Qing Zeng
- The Biomedical Informatics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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Weeks C, Jackson S, Demirel N, Olson J, Dean V, Pyrz C, Creo AL. Oral Glucose Tolerance Testing Using Candy: A Sweet Solution to Improve Screening in Children with Cystic Fibrosis? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1317. [PMID: 37628316 PMCID: PMC10453265 DOI: 10.3390/children10081317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral glucose tolerance testing is recommended for all children with CF older than 9 years, yet compliance remains poor across centers. METHODS We performed a small pilot study assessing the glycemic curves and participant satisfaction in seven children and adolescents. RESULTS We chose a dextrose-based candy (Nerds®) free of any fat, fiber, gelatin, or corn syrup and performed the candy OGTT 1-4 days following the standard oral dextrose solution OGTT. Glucose values at 120 min were similar between the candy and oral dextrose solution (p = 0.8986). CONCLUSIONS Our small pilot suggests that a carefully selected candy alternative may result in similar glycemic OGTT when compared to the standard oral dextrose solution. However, some participants preferred the oral dextrose solution to candy due to having to consume a large volume in a short period of time. This may have significant implications as centers consider candy alternatives to increase OGTT adherence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Weeks
- Mayo Clinic Pediatric Endocrinology Cystic Fibrosis Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.W.)
| | - Sarah Jackson
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Nadir Demirel
- Mayo Clinic Pediatric Endocrinology Cystic Fibrosis Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.W.)
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Janelle Olson
- Mayo Clinic Pediatric Endocrinology Cystic Fibrosis Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.W.)
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vicki Dean
- Mayo Clinic Pediatric Endocrinology Cystic Fibrosis Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.W.)
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Caitlin Pyrz
- Mayo Clinic Pediatric Endocrinology Cystic Fibrosis Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.W.)
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ana L. Creo
- Mayo Clinic Pediatric Endocrinology Cystic Fibrosis Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (C.W.)
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Vakili M, Mirzadeh M, Mirzaei M, Modarresi M, Raei R, Karimi R, Aghakoochak A, Imani AA. Sex differences in high-risk health behaviors among school-going adolescents in Yazd, Iran; a cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16404. [PMID: 37303572 PMCID: PMC10250580 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Adolescents are exposed to a wide range of high-risk health behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the high-risk health behaviors of adolescents in an Iranian adolescent population and gender differences. Method This cross-sectional descriptive study recruited high school students in Yazd city in center of Iran. Schools were randomly selected. In each school, all selected classes were included. Sampling in each class was census. The study investigated self-reported high-risk health behaviors. Students completed the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), an anonymous, validated questionnaire. Results 2420 students participated in this study (52.5% male). The age range was 12-19 years. Daily consumption of ≥1 serving of fruit and vegetables per day was reported by 77.4% and 49.5% of respondents, respectively. Adequate physical activity was reported by only 18.4% of adolescents, and significantly less frequently by girls than boys (p < 0.001). 11.8% were current smokers (M/F ratio: 2.6), and 20.5% (M/F ratio: 1.5) were ever used hookah. The prevalence of ever alcohol and substance abuse was 15.5% and 8.8%, respectively. The prevalence of tobacco and substance use was significantly higher in participants' boys than in girls (p < 0.001). Males were over twice more likely to report frequent fighting in the past 12 months than girls. Overall, girls reported more parental supervision than boys (82.1% vs. 73.4%) and parental monitoring (90.6% vs. 86.8%), while boys reported higher levels of awareness over leisure activities than girls (65.8% vs. 58.4%). Conclusions High-risk health behaviors are more common in boys than girls. Health policymakers should use these results in prioritizing and designing health interventions to promote youth health. Further studies are recommended to identify the factors influencing the prevalence of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Vakili
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahboobahsadat Mirzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mirzaei
- Accident Prevention and Crisis Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Modarresi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Raei
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Karimi
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Arezoo Aghakoochak
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Hoogstoel F, Samadoulougou S, Diouf A, Savoye I, Donnen P, Van der Heyden J, Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F. Adherence to '5-2-1-0' guidelines and multiple risky behaviours among adolescents in nine sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from Global School-based Student Health Survey 2012-2017. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2023; 6:91-99. [PMID: 37559967 PMCID: PMC10407405 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Overweight and obesity constitute a new challenge in low-income and middle-countries. The obesity prevention programme, called '5-2-1-0', promotes healthy eating habits, physical activity and limited screen time among young people.This study aimed to assess adherence to the '5-2-1-0' recommendations and to study multiple risky behaviours among adolescents in nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Meta-analyses with a random effect were used to calculate overall prevalence. Non-random patterns of the co-occurrence of the four risky behaviours were explored using observed/expected prevalence ratios. Data came from the Global School-based Health Survey and 18 314 adolescents were considered. RESULTS Among the participants, 12.7% (95% CI 7.5% to 19.0%) had overweight and 3.2% (95% CI 1.1% to 6.1%) had obesity. In almost all countries studied, girls were more affected by overweight and obesity than boys.While only 0.2% (95% CI 0.1% to 0.4%) of the adolescents fully complied with the recommendations, 4.8% (95% CI 3.1% to 6.9%), 28.4% (95% CI 22.4% to 34.8%), 43.8% (95% CI 41.9% to 45.8%) and 17.0% (95% CI 11.8% to 23.0%), respectively, combined 1, 2, 3 and 4 risky behaviours among the four '5-2-1-0' criteria. The most observed combination was found for co-occurrence of three risky behaviours: insufficient fruit/vegetables consumption, physical activity and non-zero consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the insufficient adherence to '5-2-1-0' recommendations and the high prevalence of the co-occurrence of risky behaviours underscore the need to strengthen health interventions and programmes to prevent obesity among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Hoogstoel
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sékou Samadoulougou
- Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Research on Planning and Development (CRAD), Laval University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Adama Diouf
- Département de Biologie Animale, UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Isabelle Savoye
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Centre de Recherche 'Politiques et Systèmes de Santé-Santé Internationale’, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
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22
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Balajam NZ, Mousavian AH, Sheidaei A, Gohari K, Tavangar SM, Ghanbari-Motlagh A, Ostovar A, Shafiee G, Heshmat R. The 15-year national trends of endocrine cancers incidence among Iranian men and women; 2005-2020. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7632. [PMID: 37164997 PMCID: PMC10172312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the important health problems in Iran, which is considered as the third cause of death. Endocrine cancers are rare but mostly curable. Thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine tumors, includes about one percent of malignant cancer. In this study, we examined the 15-year national trend of endocrine cancer incidence in Iranian men and women. The data in each province were evaluated based on age, gender, and cancer type according to International Classification of Disease Codes version 10 (ICD-10) from 2005 to 2020 in Iran. All data were obtained from the reports of the Statistics Center of Iran (SCI), 6 phases of the step-by-step approach to monitoring the risk factors of chronic diseases over 18 years old (STEPs), and 3 periods of the CASPIAN study (survey of non-communicable diseases in childhood and adolescence). Statistical analyzes and graph generation were done using R statistical software. Poisson regression with mixed effects was used for data modeling and incidence rate estimation. The incidence of thyroid gland malignancy is higher in women than in men. On the other hand, the incidence of adrenal gland cancer is slightly higher in men than in women. The same pattern is observed for other endocrine neoplasms and related structures. The incidence rate of these types of cancers has generally increased from 2005 to 2020 in Iran. This increase is more in women than in men. In addition, in the middle of the country, there is a strong region in terms of the occurrence of these types of cancers. The incidence rate in these provinces is relatively higher for both sexes and all studied periods. We conducted a study to observe the changing trends for various types of endocrine cancers over 15 years in men and women. Considering the increasing trend of thyroid cancers in Iran, therefore, creating essential policies for the management of these types of cancers for prevention, rapid diagnosis, and, timely treatment is particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Zargar Balajam
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Mousavian
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sheidaei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Gohari
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari-Motlagh
- Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Han R, Todd A, Wardak S, Partridge SR, Raeside R. Feasibility and Acceptability of Chatbots for Nutrition and Physical Activity Health Promotion Among Adolescents: Systematic Scoping Review With Adolescent Consultation. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e43227. [PMID: 37145858 PMCID: PMC10199392 DOI: 10.2196/43227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing lifestyle risk behaviors among adolescents depends on access to age-appropriate health promotion information. Chatbots-computer programs designed to simulate conversations with human users-have the potential to deliver health information to adolescents to improve their lifestyle behaviors and support behavior change, but research on the feasibility and acceptability of chatbots in the adolescent population is unknown. OBJECTIVE This systematic scoping review aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of chatbots in nutrition and physical activity interventions among adolescents. A secondary aim is to consult adolescents to identify features of chatbots that are acceptable and feasible. METHODS We searched 6 electronic databases from March to April 2022 (MEDLINE, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, the Association for Computing Machinery library, and the IT database Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). Peer-reviewed studies were included that were conducted in the adolescent population (10-19 years old) without any chronic disease, except obesity or type 2 diabetes, and assessed chatbots used nutrition or physical activity interventions or both that encouraged individuals to meet dietary or physical activity guidelines and support positive behavior change. Studies were screened by 2 independent reviewers, with any queries resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted into tables and collated in a narrative summary. Gray literature searches were also undertaken. Results of the scoping review were presented to a diverse youth advisory group (N=16, 13-18 years old) to gain insights into this topic beyond what is published in the literature. RESULTS The search identified 5558 papers, with 5 (0.1%) studies describing 5 chatbots meeting the inclusion criteria. The 5 chatbots were supported by mobile apps using a combination of the following features: personalized feedback, conversational agents, gamification, and monitoring of behavior change. Of the 5 studies, 2 (40.0%) studies focused on nutrition, 2 (40.0%) studies focused on physical activity, and 1 (20.0%) focused on both nutrition and physical activity. Feasibility and acceptability varied across the 5 studies, with usage rates above 50% in 3 (60.0%) studies. In addition, 3 (60.0%) studies reported health-related outcomes, with only 1 (20.0%) study showing promising effects of the intervention. Adolescents presented novel concerns around the use of chatbots in nutrition and physical activity interventions, including ethical concerns and the use of false or misleading information. CONCLUSIONS Limited research is available on chatbots in adolescent nutrition and physical activity interventions, finding insufficient evidence on the acceptability and feasibility of chatbots in the adolescent population. Similarly, adolescent consultation identified issues in the design features that have not been mentioned in the published literature. Therefore, chatbot codesign with adolescents may help ensure that such technology is feasible and acceptable to an adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Engagement and Co-Design Research Hub, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Allyson Todd
- Engagement and Co-Design Research Hub, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Sara Wardak
- Engagement and Co-Design Research Hub, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Stephanie R Partridge
- Engagement and Co-Design Research Hub, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Rebecca Raeside
- Engagement and Co-Design Research Hub, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
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24
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Moraes CHDC, Alvarenga MDS, Silva WRD, Cyrillo DC. [Psychosocial Influence Scale of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adolescents: Adaptation and Factorial Validity]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:1199-1218. [PMID: 37042900 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023284.12702022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Instruments to evaluate psychosocial determinants of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption among adolescents are scarce, and there appears to be only one instrument - unnamed and unvalidated - that investigates determinants derived from theories of social psychology targeting the frequency of F&V consumption among adolescents. The scope of this paper was to present the process of cultural adaptation and factor validation of this instrument al-lowing its use in studies with Brazilian adolescents. The cross-cultural adaptation process was accomplished and the final version - named Psychosocial Influence Scale for Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adolescents (PSI-FAVES) - was tested with 429 students (58% female) using McDonald's omega (ω) reliability and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) as analytical methods. The final version required refinement and the instrument showed adequate overall reliability (ω=0.86) and good fit of the data to the previously elaborated model (CFI=0.955; TLI=0.951 and RMSEA (90%CI) =0.043 (0.038-0.049)), being the first systematically validated instrument to investigate psychosocial determinants of F&V consumption among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Henrique de Carvalho Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, Cerqueira César. 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brasil.
- Departamento de Economia, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, USP. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | - Marle Dos Santos Alvarenga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, Cerqueira César. 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Wanderson Roberto da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Longevidade, Universidade Federal de Alfenas. Alfenas MG Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual Paulista. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | - Denise Cavallini Cyrillo
- Departamento de Economia, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, USP. São Paulo SP Brasil
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25
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McLeod CJ, Haycraft E, Daley AJ. Offering vegetables to children at breakfast time in nursery and kindergarten settings: the Veggie Brek feasibility and acceptability cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:38. [PMID: 36978097 PMCID: PMC10043832 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many Westernised countries, children do not consume a sufficient amount of vegetables for optimal health and development. Child-feeding guidelines have been produced to address this, but often only promote offering vegetables at midday/evening meals and snack times. With guidance having limited success in increasing children's vegetable intake at a population level, novel approaches to address this must be developed. Offering vegetables to children at breakfast time in nursery/kindergarten settings has the potential to increase children's overall daily vegetable consumption as children typically attend nursery/kindergarten and many routinely eat breakfast there. However, the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention (Veggie Brek) to children and nursery staff has not been investigated. METHODS A feasibility and acceptability cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) was undertaken in eight UK nurseries. All nurseries engaged in one-week baseline and follow-up phases before and after an intervention/control period. Staff in intervention nurseries offered three raw carrot batons and three cucumber sticks alongside children's main breakfast food each day for three weeks. Control nurseries offered children their usual breakfast. Feasibility was assessed by recruitment data and nursery staff's ability to follow the trial protocol. Acceptability was assessed by children's willingness to eat the vegetables at breakfast time. All primary outcomes were assessed against traffic-light progression criteria. Staff preference for collecting data via photographs versus using paper was also assessed. Further views about the intervention were obtained through semi-structured interviews with nursery staff. RESULTS The recruitment of parents/caregivers willing to provide consent for eligible children was acceptable at 67.8% (within the amber stop-go criterion) with 351 children taking part across eight nurseries. Both the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to nursery staff and the willingness of children to consume the vegetables met the green stop-go criteria, with children eating some part of the vegetables in 62.4% (745/1194) of instances where vegetables were offered. Additionally, staff preferred reporting data using paper compared to taking photographs. CONCLUSIONS Offering vegetables to children at breakfast time in nursery/kindergarten settings is feasible and acceptable to children and nursery staff. A full intervention evaluation should be explored via a definitive RCT. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05217550.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J McLeod
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Amanda J Daley
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
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26
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Shafiee G, Mousavian AH, Sheidaei A, Ebrahimi M, Khatami F, Gohari K, Jabbari M, Ghanbari-Motlagh A, Ostovar A, Aghamir SMK, Heshmat R. The 15-year national trends of genital cancer incidence among Iranian men and women; 2005-2020. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:495. [PMID: 36922819 PMCID: PMC10015665 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a major health problem and cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the prevalence of other cancers in males and females, genital cancers are especially important because of their psychological effects on individuals. Currently, cervical cancer, corpus uteri neoplasm, and ovarian cancer are the most common gynecological cancers in Iran. Prostate cancer has increased in Iranian men in the last decade. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the 15-year national trend in the incidence of genital cancers in the Iranian population. METHODS In this study, we used Iranian cancer registration data collected by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, demographic information from the reports of the Statistics Center of Iran, STEPs (STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases risk factor surveillance), and Caspian (childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult non-communicable disease). A list of potential auxiliary variables and secondary variables at all levels of the province-age-sex were evaluated during the years. We used mixed-effects Poisson regression to model the data and calculate the incidence of each cancer. RESULTS Our results show an enhancement in the outbreak of all types of male cancers, but the most important are prostate (11.46 in 2005 to 25.67 in 2020 per 100,000 males) and testicular cancers (2.39 in 2005 to 5.05 per 100,000 males). As for female cancers, there has been an increase in ovarian and corpus uteri neoplasm incidence with 6.69 and 4.14 incidences per 100,000 females in 2020, making them the most occurring female genital neoplasms. While the occurrence of cervical cancer has decreased over the years (4.65 in 2005 to 3.24 in 2020). In general, the incidence of genital cancers in men and women has amplified in the last 15 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study examined the trend of change for each malignant genital neoplasm for 15 years in Iranian men and women in each province. Considering the growing trend of the elderly population in Iran, patient awareness and early screening are essential in reducing mortality and costs imposed on patients and the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 111, 19th St., North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Mousavian
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 111, 19th St., North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sheidaei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ebrahimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khatami
- Urology Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hasan Abad Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Gohari
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jabbari
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 111, 19th St., North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari-Motlagh
- Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 111, 19th St., North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Shatwan IM, Alhefani RS, Bukhari MF, Hanbazazah DA, Srour JK, Surendran S, Aljefree NM, Almoraie NM. Effects of a Smartphone App on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Saudi Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e43160. [PMID: 36757770 PMCID: PMC9951076 DOI: 10.2196/43160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary patterns and nutritional status during adolescence have a direct effect on future health outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to promote fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents using a smartphone app called MyPlate. METHODS This randomized intervention study was conducted in an urban area of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We included 104 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years, who were randomized into intervention (n=55) or control (n=49) arms. We examined the effects of MyPlate on fruit and vegetable intake over 6 weeks in the intervention group. Pre- and postintervention questionnaires were used in the intervention and control groups. RESULTS The control group showed a significant increase in fruit consumption scores between baseline (1.15, SD 0.68) and postintervention (1.64, SD 0.98; P=.01), but no significant difference in vegetable consumption scores was observed before (1.44, SD 0.97) and after intervention (1.55, SD 0.90; P=.54). However, there was no significant difference between scores at baseline and after 6 weeks of using the smartphone app for fruit (1.48, SD 0.99 and 1.70, SD 1.11, respectively; P=.31) or vegetables (1.50, SD 0.97 and 1.43, SD 1.03, respectively; P=.30) in the intervention group. Our findings showed no significant impact of using a smartphone app on fruit and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a smartphone app did not significantly improve fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05692765; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05692765.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa M Shatwan
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab S Alhefani
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mawadah F Bukhari
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah A Hanbazazah
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumanah K Srour
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shelini Surendran
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Najlaa M Aljefree
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha M Almoraie
- Food and Nutrition Department, Human Sciences and Design Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Metabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030702. [PMID: 36771409 PMCID: PMC9918944 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are major contributors of free sugars to the diet. A strong relationship between SSB intake and weight gain is described. METHODS we performed a narrative review to present an overview of the role of SSBs as a pivotal contributor in the development of obesity and metabolism-related complications. RESULTS different factors influence SSB consumption in children, including economic variables, individual attributes and behaviors to environmental factors, parent features and parents' behaviors. Data suggest that SSB intake has a negative effect on weight and obesity-related diseases. The leading mechanism linking SSB intake to the risk of gaining weight is decreased satiety and incomplete compensatory reduction in energy intake at meals following ingestion of liquid calories. Additionally, the effects of SSBs on gut microbiota and on eating behaviors were also reported. An association between SSB intake, weight gain and cardiometabolic risks is evident. Consumption of SSBs had a significant impact on the prevalence of obesity and related metabolic risks, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Limiting consumption of SSBs and increasing knowledge of the effect of SSBs on early metabolic and cardiovascular disorders will be useful in developing strategies to counteract the problem and to prevent obesity and related complications.Key future research areas for which further studies are needed include investigating the long-term effects of SSBs on health outcomes as well as analyzing the health effects of sugar consumed in solid compared to liquid forms and further elucidating the biological mechanisms of sugar addiction and energy compensation.
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Gaskell C, Sarada P, Aleem E, Bendriss G. Identifying lifestyle factors associated to co-morbidity of obesity and psychiatric disorders, a pilot study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1132994. [PMID: 37206863 PMCID: PMC10188954 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and psychiatric disorders are linked through a bidirectional association. Obesity rates have tripled globally in the past decades, and it is predicted that by 2025, one billion people will be affected by obesity, often with a co-morbidity such as depression. While this co-morbidity seems to be a global health issue, lifestyle factors associated to it differ between countries and are often attributed to more than one factor. Prior obesity studies were performed in Western populations; this is the first study that investigates lifestyle factors relating to obesity and mental health of the diverse population in Qatar, a country that has witnessed tremendous lifestyle change in a short time. In this pilot study, we surveyed 379 respondents to assess and compare the lifestyles of Qatar residents to the global population. However due to the high proportion of responses from the United Kingdom (UK) residents, we have made comparisons between Qatar residents and UK residents. We used chi-square analysis, spearman rank correlation and logistic regression to compare the lifestyle factors of individuals suffering from both increased BMI and mental health conditions. The types of food consumed, stress, exercise frequency and duration, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and sleep duration, were explored and results argue that different lifestyle factors can contribute to the same health condition, suggesting different mechanisms involved. We found that both groups reported similar sleep durations (p = 0.800), but that perception of sleep (p = 0.011), consumption of alcohol (p = 0.001), consumption of takeaway food (p = 0.007), and physical activity significantly varied between the groups (p = 0.0001). The study examined the predictors of comorbidity in Qatar as well as UK populations using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The result of the study showed no statistical association between comorbidity and the predictors drinking habit, smoking, physical activity, vegetable consumption, eat outs, and sleep perception for the Qatar population, and for the combined population. This study, however showed a significant association (p = 0.033) between sleep perception and comorbidity for the UK population. We conclude that further analysis is needed to understand the relationship between specific lifestyle factors and multimorbidity in each country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eiman Aleem
- Biomedical Science, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ghizlane Bendriss
- Premedical Division, Weill Cornell Medicine, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Ghizlane Bendriss,
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Ra JS. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast foods deteriorates adolescents' mental health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1058190. [PMID: 36618694 PMCID: PMC9817134 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1058190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and fast-food consumption is significantly associated with adolescents' poor mental health. Furthermore, sugar-sweetened beverage and fast-food consumption might form clustered diet patterns with significant positive associations in adolescent high school students. Thus, the combined consumption of SSBs and fast foods may have more negative effects on mental health with synergetic effects than the sum of their independent consumption. Methods This study aimed to identify the effects of combining the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast foods on mental health, including stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation among Korean high school students. Secondary data from 24,006 high school students were analyzed from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, 2021. For statistical analysis, complex sampling analysis using the SPSS Statistics 26.0 software was applied for descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results In Korean adolescents, combining more than medium consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast foods was associated with more stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation than their independent consumption. In addition, combining high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and low to high consumption of fast foods might have dose-dependent negative effects on stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents. Discussion Based on the results of this study, healthcare providers in schools and communities might develop various interventions including school/community-based feeding programs and policies targeting the restriction of SSB and fast-food consumption to improve adolescents' mental health.
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Almutairi N, Burns S, Portsmouth L. Nutritional Behaviour of Adolescents and the Impact of Covid-19 on A Diet in Saudi Arabia. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.10.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background
In recent decades, changes in food consumption among adolescents in Arabic speaking countries, including The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), has resulted in increased burden of overweight and obesity. COVID-19 related restrictions have further impacted lifestyle and diet among adolescents in KSA.
Aim
The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, behaviour and dietary patterns of adolescents and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic related restrictions on these behaviours.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in six intermediate schools among 1500 adolescents (11-15 years) via an anonymous online survey. The Chi Square test was used to compare gender stratified nutritional knowledge, attitude and behaviour of adolescents and the impact of COVID-19 related restrictions. To determine the factors associated with nutritional change during COVID-19 lockdown, logistic regression was employed using the categorisation of nutritional change during COVID-19 restrictions versus no change in univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
A good level of nutrition-related knowledge and attitude was demonstrated both by female and male students, with 66% and 57% of participants scoring above the median of the total possible knowledge and attitude score, respectively. After adjusting for all variables, higher nutrition knowledge score predicted students to be less likely to report increased food consumption during COVID-19 restrictions, whereas students with higher nutrition attitude scores and with a higher risk of increased food consumption were more likely to increase food consumption during COVID-19 restrictions.
Conclusions
Unhealthy dietary habits among Saudi adolescents are of paramount public health concern and the COVID-19 restriction period exacerbated the pre-pandemic nutrition-related unhealthy behaviours. Therefore, school-based interventions aiming to promote healthy lifestyles and the wellbeing of Saudi adolescents and use of qualitative recall dietary diary is also crucial to develop programs that prevent unhealthy lifestyles in adolescents in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Almutairi
- 1School of Population Health, Curtin University Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sharyn Burns
- 3Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Linda Portsmouth
- 3Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Bischops AC, Radev ST, Köthe U, Chen S, Geldsetzer P, Sarker M, Su TT, Mohamed FA, Darwish N, Ahmad NA, Ould Baba SA, Bärnighausen T, Barteit S. Data Resource Profile: The Global School-based Student Health Survey—behavioural risk and protective factors among adolescents. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 52:e102-e109. [PMID: 36350584 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Bischops
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- General Paediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, Duesseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf University , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan T Radev
- Cluster of Excellence STRUCTURES, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ullrich Köthe
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simiao Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China
| | - Pascal Geldsetzer
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub , San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Malabika Sarker
- CoE Science of Implementation and Scale-Up BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University , Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO) and Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University , Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Fawzia Ahmed Mohamed
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medical Technology, University of Tripoli, Health Protection and Promotion , Tripoli, Libya
| | - Noorali Darwish
- RMNCAH Department, Ministry of Public Health Afghanistan , Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia , Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Till Bärnighausen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health , Boston, MA, USA
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI) , KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Sandra Barteit
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany
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McLeod CJ, Haycraft E, Daley AJ. Would offering vegetables to children for breakfast increase their total daily vegetable intake? Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:1-5. [PMID: 36093845 PMCID: PMC9991552 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of vegetables is vitally important for children's health and development. However, in many Westernised countries, most children do not eat sufficient quantities of vegetables and consume many energy-dense and high-sugar foods; a health behaviour associated with the onset of non-communicable diseases. To address this important public health concern, it is necessary to think 'outside the box' and consider innovative and pragmatic ways to increase children's daily vegetable intake. In many countries, caregivers implementing best-practice child feeding methods typically offer children vegetables at lunch, dinner and for snacks. It is unusual for children to be routinely offered vegetables for breakfast, yet there is no nutritional, physiological or medical reason why vegetables should not be eaten at breakfast. Indeed, in some countries, children frequently consume vegetables for breakfast. Increasing children's exposure to vegetables at breakfast from an early age would allow for the development of a positive association between eating vegetables and breakfast, thus providing another opportunity in the day where vegetables might be regularly consumed by children. In this paper, we propose a rationale for why vegetables should be routinely offered to young children at breakfast time in countries where this may not be the norm. Future research assessing the feasibility and acceptability of such a public health intervention would provide health policy agencies with evidence about a potentially effective and easily implementable approach for increasing children's vegetable intake, thus improving their overall nutritional status, as well as their heath and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J McLeod
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Amanda J Daley
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
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de Menezes RCE, Oliveira JS, Almendra R, de Lira PIC, Costa EC, Leal VS, Santana P. Influence of food environment on ultra-processed drinks consumption among an economically vulnerable population in a metropolitan area in Brazil: A multilevel analysis. Health Place 2022; 77:102869. [PMID: 35932598 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-processed drinks (UPDs) consumption is increasing, and this intake has been associated with the risk of illness and death. Data on individuals (n = 430) and food stores (n = 231) were collected in an economically vulnerable area in Recife-Brazil, and multilevel regression models were applied to assess the association between UPDs consumption with food environment characteristics. The results show 29.5% of individuals consume UPDs, higher UPD consumption was significantly associated with age (OR: 0.96), lower educational levels (OR:2.06), high density of stores predominantly selling UPFs (OR:2.34) and lower availability of FV in stores (OR:0.49). The applied methodology can inform food environment interventions to reduce UPDs consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo Almendra
- Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Geography and Turism, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | - Emília Chagas Costa
- Physical Education and Sports Science Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Sá Leal
- Nutrition Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Paula Santana
- Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Geography and Turism, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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C Braga B, Nguyen PH, Aberman NL, Doyle F, Folson G, Hoang N, Huynh P, Koch B, McCloskey P, Tran L, Hughes D, Gelli A. Exploring an Artificial Intelligence–Based, Gamified Phone App Prototype to Track and Improve Food Choices of Adolescent Girls in Vietnam: Acceptability, Usability, and Likeability Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e35197. [PMID: 35862147 PMCID: PMC9353675 DOI: 10.2196/35197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Adolescents’ consumption of healthy foods is suboptimal in low- and middle-income countries. Adolescents’ fondness for games and social media and the increasing access to smartphones make apps suitable for collecting dietary data and influencing their food choices. Little is known about how adolescents use phones to track and shape their food choices.
Objective
This study aimed to examine the acceptability, usability, and likability of a mobile phone app prototype developed to collect dietary data using artificial intelligence–based image recognition of foods, provide feedback, and motivate users to make healthier food choices. The findings were used to improve the design of the app.
Methods
A total of 4 focus group discussions (n=32 girls, aged 15-17 years) were conducted in Vietnam. Qualitative data were collected and analyzed by grouping ideas into common themes based on content analysis and ground theory.
Results
Adolescents accepted most of the individual- and team-based dietary goals presented in the app prototype to help them make healthier food choices. They deemed the overall app wireframes, interface, and graphic design as acceptable, likable, and usable but suggested the following modifications: tailored feedback based on users’ medical history, anthropometric characteristics, and fitness goals; new language on dietary goals; provision of information about each of the food group dietary goals; wider camera frame to fit the whole family food tray, as meals are shared in Vietnam; possibility of digitally separating food consumption on shared meals; and more appealing graphic design, including unique badge designs for each food group. Participants also liked the app’s feedback on food choices in the form of badges, notifications, and statistics. A new version of the app was designed incorporating adolescent’s feedback to improve its acceptability, usability, and likability.
Conclusions
A phone app prototype designed to track food choice and help adolescent girls from low- and middle-income countries make healthier food choices was found to be acceptable, likable, and usable. Further research is needed to examine the feasibility of using this technology at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca C Braga
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Phuong H Nguyen
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Noora-Lisa Aberman
- The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Frank Doyle
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Gloria Folson
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Nga Hoang
- National Institute of Nutrition, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Huynh
- National Institute of Nutrition, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Bastien Koch
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Peter McCloskey
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Lan Tran
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rolling School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David Hughes
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Aulo Gelli
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States
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Shawon MSR, Jahan E, Rouf RR, Hossain FB. Psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours among adolescents aged 12-15 years in nine South-East Asian countries: a secondary analysis of the Global School-Based Health Survey data. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-10. [PMID: 35856273 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether there is any association between psychological distress and unhealthy dietary habits among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of these factors in South-East Asia region and investigate their associations. We used data from the Global School-based Health Survey for nine South-East Asian countries. Psychological distress was defined by presence of ≥ 2 factors from loneliness, anxiety, suicide ideation, suicide planning and suicide attempt. We assessed inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink and weekly fast-food consumption. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate pooled prevalence. Logistic regressions were used to estimate OR of unhealthy dietary behaviours for psychological distress. Among 30 013 adolescents (56 % girls) aged 12-15 years, the prevalence of psychological distress was 11·0 %, with girls reporting slightly higher than boys (11·8 % v. 10·1 %). The prevalence of inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink consumption and weekly fast-food consumption was 42 %, 26 %, 40 % and 57 %, respectively. Psychological distress was associated with inadequate fruit intake (pooled OR = 1·20, 95 % CI 1·03, 1·40), inadequate vegetable intake (pooled OR = 1·17, 1·05, 1·31) and daily soft drink consumption (pooled OR = 1·14, 1·03, 1·26); but not with weekly fast-food consumption (pooled OR = 1·13, 0·96, 1·31). We observed substantial cross-country variations in prevalence and OR estimates. In conclusion, South-East Asian adolescents have significant burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours, with those having psychological distress are more likely to have unhealthy dietary behaviours. Our findings will guide preventative interventions and inform relevant policies around adolescent nutrition in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esrat Jahan
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rashawan Raziur Rouf
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Emerging and Neglected Diseases, Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Bangladesh
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Association between breast-feeding exposure and duration with offspring's dietary patterns over 1 year of age: a systematic review of observational studies. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1793-1803. [PMID: 35811427 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Some evidence suggests that breast-feeding may modify food preferences in the later years of life. The present study aimed to provide a systematic review of observational studies investigating the association between exposure to breast milk and its duration with data-driven or hypothesis-driven (or diet quality scores) dietary patterns over 1 year of age. The databases of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for observational studies published from January 2010 until July 2021, which led to the identification of twenty-two eligible articles. There was considerable heterogeneity between studies in terms of assessment of exposure and outcome. Of the eleven studies that assessed data-driven dietary patterns, ten reported a significant association for at least one identified dietary pattern. Overall, being breast-fed and a longer duration of any/exclusive breast-feeding were associated with higher scores on healthy dietary patterns characterised mainly by high loadings of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. In comparison, a negative association was found for unhealthy dietary patterns rich in foods with high content of added sugar, salt and saturated fats. In terms of diet quality scores, nine out of eleven studies reported a significant positive association between the duration of any breast-feeding and adherence to recommended healthy diets or dietary guidelines. In conclusion, the evidence from this review was generally in support of the hypothesis indicating breast-feeding is associated with healthy dietary patterns at later ages. However, due to the methodological limitations in the available studies, further research is warranted to elucidate solid evidence on this topic.
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Bawajeeh A, Zulyniak MA, Evans CEL, Cade JE. Characterizing Adolescents' Dietary Intake by Taste: Results From the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Front Nutr 2022; 9:893643. [PMID: 35795580 PMCID: PMC9251474 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The taste of foods is a key factor for adolescents' food choices and intakes, yet, exploring taste characteristics of adolescents' diet is limited. Using food records for 284 adolescents (10–19 years old) from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS), year 9 (2016–2017), we classified diets according to taste. Tastes for each food consumed were generated from a previous survey that asked participants to allocate one main taste to each food. Responses from that survey were processed and included in a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) to identify taste clusters. The resulting tastes were then applied to the adolescents' food records in the NDNS. For each individual, the total weight of food per day for each taste was calculated. A linear regression model was used to explore dietary intakes from each taste. Findings reveal that adolescents' daily energy intake was highest (34%) from foods that taste sweet. Sweet foods were the main calorie contributors at breakfast and daytime snacking, while energy intake from neutral-tasting foods was higher at lunch and dinner. Sweet food intake was significantly positively associated with higher energy, sugar, and fat intakes. For each percentage increase in sweet foods, energy increased by 10 kcal/d (95% CI 6, 15; P < 0.01). Savory food intake was lower in carbohydrates and sugars; with neutral food consumption inversely associated with energy, carbohydrate, sugars, saturated and total fat. Higher salty food intake was linked to higher saturated fat as well as sodium consumption. Sweet and neutral foods dominate the UK adolescent diet, followed by savory tastes. Balancing the contributions of different tasting foods could assist in improving adolescent diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Bawajeeh
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Areej Bawajeeh
| | - Michael A. Zulyniak
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte E. L. Evans
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Janet E. Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Adolescents’ School Travel and Unhealthy Snacking: Associations with School Transport Modes, Neighbourhood Deprivation, and Body Weight. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14127038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Active transport to and/or from school (ATS), alone or combined with motorised transport, provides an opportunity to increase adolescents’ physical activity levels to prevent obesity. However, travel through and exposure to an unhealthy food environment en route to school may have unintended consequences, specifically unhealthy snacking. This study examined the association between adolescents’ unhealthy snack food/soft drink purchases/consumption during the journey to and from school and their school transport modes, neighbourhood deprivation, and body weight. Adolescents (n = 660, age: 15.3 ± 1.3 years, 51.7% female) from 11 schools in the Otago region, New Zealand, completed an online survey and anthropometry. Data were analysed using χ2 test and logistic regression. Overall, 36.7% of adolescents purchased/consumed unhealthy snack foods and 25.9% purchased/consumed soft drinks at least once during their weekly school trips. ATS and mixed transport users reported more frequent unhealthy snack food/soft drinks purchases/consumption on the way to school than motorised transport users. Neighbourhood deprivation, but not body weight, was positively associated with unhealthy snack food/soft drink purchases/consumption during the school journey. Our findings highlight the importance of considering not only travel mode shift but also the obesogenic environment and unhealthy food/drinks purchases/consumption during adolescents’ school journeys, particularly in lower socio-economic areas, to prevent obesity.
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Howells K, Coppinger T. The Forgotten Age Phase of Healthy Lifestyle Promotion? A Preliminary Study to Examine the Potential Call for Targeted Physical Activity and Nutrition Education for Older Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105970. [PMID: 35627507 PMCID: PMC9141754 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
To date, little research on healthy lifestyle promotion has focused on older adolescents (16–18-year-olds), yet this is a key time that habitual healthy lifestyles could be developed. Ninety-three participants (thirty-nine males; fifty-four females) (mean age = 16.9, (SD 0.4) years), from three low socio-economic high schools in England, completed an online questionnaire on their self-reported: (i) daily physical activity (PA), (ii) active transportation, (iii) active leisure time, (iv) food intake and (v) experiences of how healthy lifestyles are promoted specifically to them. Overall, 60% reached the daily PA recommended guidelines. Yet, 92% used a bicycle/walked for a least 10 min continuously as active transport and of these, 86% undertook this at least 5 days per week. Almost half undertook MVPA as active leisure, but 66% still spent ≥ 5 h sedentary. Seventeen percent met recommended nutritional guidelines for health and 90% (n = 80) did not report school as a place that promoted healthy lifestyles. It is recommended as a public health measure and as an educational policy matter that schools implement more targeted PA and healthy eating initiatives for older adolescents that also include the adolescent voice. Further, gaining a deeper insight into male older adolescents’ health literacy is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Howells
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Social Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Tara Coppinger
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Faculty of Business and Humanities, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland;
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Zhang R, Yu X, Yu Y, Guo D, He H, Zhao Y, Zhu W. Family Food Environments and Their Association with Primary and Secondary Students' Food Consumption in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091970. [PMID: 35565937 PMCID: PMC9105134 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Family is the most fundamental and proximal context for children, and children’s eating behavior occurs mostly in the home or together with family members. With this study, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of family food environment dimensions and their relationship with healthy and unhealthy food consumption in primary and secondary students in order to provide evidence in the Chinese context and explore environmental solutions for improved child nutrition. Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey among students in Beijing, China, from September 2020 to June 2021. Family food environment (FFE) was measured by the validated Family Food Environment Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children, which was self-administered by the children’s caregivers. The students were asked to answer questions about food consumption frequencies in the past 7 days. Binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationships between food consumption frequency and FFE, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed for independent variables. Among the study population, 9686 students in grades 3−12 and their caregivers completed the survey. The mean score of FFE was 65.7 (±8.4) out of a total possible score of 100, with 76.6% of students categorized as relatively healthier according to their FFE score (≥ 60). Compared with the reference group, students in primary schools and those cared for principally by parents were more likely to be in a healthy FFE category (p < 0.05). Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables was reported by 62.6% and 71.6% of students, respectively, and weekly sugared soft drink consumption was reported by 70.9% of the students. Students with a healthier FFE score (≥60) were more likely to consume fruits (OR = 1.578, 95% CI: 1.428~1.744) and vegetables (OR = 1.402, 95% CI: 1.263~1.556) but less likely to consume sugared soft drinks (OR = 0.592, 95% CI: 0.526~0.667). Family food availability (β = 0.137), caregivers’ nutritional literacy (β = 0.093), meal practices (β = 0.079) and food rules (β = 0.050) were positively correlated with food consumption behavior (p < 0.05). The students with healthier FFE scores (OR = 1.130, 95% CI: 1.014~1.258) and whose caregiver was obese (OR = 2.278, 95% CI: 1.973~2.631) were more likely to be overweight. The family food environment plays an important role in shaping food consumption in children. Provision of healthy foods instead of unhealthy foods, positive meal practices and food rules, and nutrition education for parents can promote healthy eating in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, China’s Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; (X.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.G.); (H.H.)
| | - Yingjie Yu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; (X.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.G.); (H.H.)
| | - Dandan Guo
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; (X.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.G.); (H.H.)
| | - Hairong He
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; (X.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.G.); (H.H.)
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China; (X.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.G.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1368-158-3701 (Y.Z.); +86-10-8280-1575 (W.Z.)
| | - Wenli Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, China’s Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1368-158-3701 (Y.Z.); +86-10-8280-1575 (W.Z.)
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Chen Y, Chen C, Ouyang Z, Duan C, Liu J, Hou X, Bai T. Prevalence and beverage-related risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease: An original study in Chinese college freshmen, a systemic review and meta-analysis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14266. [PMID: 34585480 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beverage-drinking behavior could be a potential risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in young populations. However, GERD prevalence in this population has not been investigated, and beverage consumption's association with GERD remains inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and beverage-related risk factors of GERD among Chinese college freshmen and in youth around the world. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Chinese college freshmen in September 2019 using random cluster sampling method. Participants completed questionnaires on demographic information, food intake frequency, and GER symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between beverages and GERD. Studies were retrieved from multiple databases for systemic review. The prevalence of GERD in young populations and beverage-related risk factors were pooled using random-effect models. KEY RESULTS Based on the 3345 individuals who completed the questionnaires, GERD prevalence in Chinese college freshmen is 5.1%. Multivariate analysis showed students who drink green tea daily, and those who drink coffee regularly were more likely to develop GERD compared with those who never drink tea or coffee. The pooled prevalence of GERD in young populations is 18.0%, and frequent alcohol consumption is positively associated with GERD in general population. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The prevalence of GERD in Chinese college freshmen is significantly lower than that in worldwide youth populations. Alcohol, green tea, and coffee consumption could be potential risk factors for GERD. Future large-scale epidemiological studies are warranted for reliable identification of beverage-related risk factors for GERD in young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Chen
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaofan Duan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Pipoyan D, Beglaryan M, Stepanyan S, Merendino N. Trans-Fatty Acids in Fast-Food and Intake Assessment for Yerevan’s Population, Armenia. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091294. [PMID: 35564017 PMCID: PMC9105336 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There are stringent regulations applicable for trans-fatty acid (TFA) limitations from food supply across the world. However, in Armenia, there is a scarcity of data on TFA content in food products and their consumption levels. Considering that fast-food is among the major contributors to TFA intake, this study aims to assess the dietary exposure of TFAs through the consumption of fast-food in Yerevan, Armenia. Eleven types of fast-food were included in the study. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate daily fast-food consumption. TFA contents in samples were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mean daily fast-food consumption values ranged from 14.68 g/day to 76.09 g/day, with popcorn as the lowest and pastry as the highest consumed food. The study results indicate that the aggregate average daily intake (DI) of TFA is 0.303 g/day. Even though TFA DI values do not exceed the WHO limit of 1%, they substantially contribute to daily TFA intake and may exceed the limit when combined with other foods. Hence, it is recommended to carry out continuous monitoring of TFA content in the food supply to ensure consumer health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davit Pipoyan
- Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies of NAS RA, Abovyan 68, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; (D.P.); (M.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Meline Beglaryan
- Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies of NAS RA, Abovyan 68, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; (D.P.); (M.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Seda Stepanyan
- Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies of NAS RA, Abovyan 68, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; (D.P.); (M.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Nicolò Merendino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-076-135-7133
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Neufeld LM, Andrade EB, Ballonoff Suleiman A, Barker M, Beal T, Blum LS, Demmler KM, Dogra S, Hardy-Johnson P, Lahiri A, Larson N, Roberto CA, Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Sethi V, Shamah-Levy T, Strömmer S, Tumilowicz A, Weller S, Zou Z. Food choice in transition: adolescent autonomy, agency, and the food environment. Lancet 2022; 399:185-197. [PMID: 34856191 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary intake during adolescence sets the foundation for a healthy life, but adolescents are diverse in their dietary patterns and in factors that influence food choice. More evidence to understand the key diet-related issues and the meaning and context of food choices for adolescents is needed to increase the potential for impactful actions. The aim of this second Series paper is to elevate the importance given to adolescent dietary intake and food choice, bringing a developmental perspective to inform policy and programmatic actions to improve diets. We describe patterns of dietary intake, then draw on existing literature to map how food choice can be influenced by unique features of adolescent development. Pooled qualitative data is then combined with evidence from the literature to explore ways in which adolescent development can interact with sociocultural context and the food environment to influence food choice. Irrespective of context, adolescents have a lot to say about why they eat what they eat, and insights into factors that might motivate them to change. Adolescents must be active partners in shaping local and global actions that support healthy eating patterns. Efforts to improve food environments and ultimately adolescent food choice should harness widely shared adolescent values beyond nutrition or health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo B Andrade
- Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration (EBAPE), Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mary Barker
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ty Beal
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lauren S Blum
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Surabhi Dogra
- Lancet Standing Commission on Adolescent Health and Wellbeing, Noida, India
| | - Polly Hardy-Johnson
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Nicole Larson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christina A Roberto
- Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sofia Strömmer
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Susie Weller
- Clinical Ethics and Law at Southampton (CELS), Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
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45
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MELO AST, NEVES FS, NETTO MP, OLIVEIRA RMS, FONTES VS, CÂNDIDO APC. Consumption of differently processed food by public school adolescents. REV NUTR 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202235e210078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To characterize food consumption, considering the degree of industrial food processing by public schools’ adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional study involving adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, of both genders, attending public schools in Juiz de Fora, MG. Food consumption was assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Foods were classified into three groups according to the degree of industrial processing: (1) unprocessed foods or minimally processed foods, culinary ingredients and preparations based on these foods; (2) processed foods; (3) ultra-processed foods. In addition, weight and height information was collected, with subsequent calculation of body mass index/age to assess the individuals’ nutritional status according to the gender. Pearson’s chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed, adopting a value of p<0.05. Results The sample consisted of 804 adolescents, with a predominance of females (57.5%). In the sample, 29.9% and 26.1%, of girls and boys, respectively, were overweight. There was a difference in the daily consumption of ready-made sweet-tasting foods, being higher in females (26.2%) when compared to males (18.1%), whereas the consumption of soft drinks (one to four times a week) was 47.2% and 55.6% in girls and boys, respectively (p<0.05). Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods was observed in females (p=0.02) and processed foods in males (p=0.008). Conclusion There was a high contribution of ultra-processed foods in the diet of adolescents in public schools; a high prevalence of overweight was observed in both genders.
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Khan M, Banerjee S, Bandyopadhyay K, Kalaiselvi S, Akkilgunata S, Tripathy J, Solanki R, Kushwaha A, Deshmukh P. Role of dietary habits and personal hygiene on nutritional status of school-going adolescents: A cross-sectional study in selected schools located in slum areas of Nagpur City, Maharashtra. Ann Afr Med 2022; 21:185-192. [DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_109_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Liu CH, Chang FC, Niu YZ, Liao LL, Chang YJ, Liao Y, Shih SF. Students' perceptions of school sugar-free, food and exercise environments enhance healthy eating and physical activity. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-9. [PMID: 34933694 PMCID: PMC9991674 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021004961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between students' perceptions of their school policies and environments (i.e. sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) free policy, plain water drinking, vegetables and fruit eating campaign, outdoor physical activity initiative, and the SH150 programme (exercise 150 min/week at school)) and their dietary behaviours and physical activity. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary, middle and high schools in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS A nationally representative sample of 2433 primary school (5th-6th grade) students, 3212 middle school students and 2829 high school students completed the online survey in 2018. RESULTS Multivariate analysis results showed that after controlling for school level, gender and age, the students' perceptions of school sugar-free policies were negatively associated with the consumption of SSB and positively associated with consumption of plain water. Schools' campaigns promoting the eating of vegetables and fruit were positively associated with students' consumption of vegetables. In addition, schools' initiatives promoting outdoor physical activity and the SH150 programme were positively associated with students' engagement in outdoor physical activities and daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Students' perceptions of healthy school policies and environments promote healthy eating and an increase in physical activity for students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hsing Liu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Ho-Ping E. Rd., Sec.1, Taipei10610, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Ching Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Ho-Ping E. Rd., Sec.1, Taipei10610, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Zhen Niu
- Office of Student Affairs, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Liao
- Department of Health Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jung Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Ho-Ping E. Rd., Sec.1, Taipei10610, Taiwan
| | - Yung Liao
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Ho-Ping E. Rd., Sec.1, Taipei10610, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Shih
- Department of Health Administration, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
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Moraes CHDC, Alvarenga MDS, Moraes JMM, Cyrillo DC. Exploring Psychosocial Determinants of Eating Behavior: Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Brazilian Adolescents. Front Nutr 2021; 8:796894. [PMID: 34977132 PMCID: PMC8716615 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.796894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In most Western countries, children and adolescents do not eat the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables (FVs). Theoretical frameworks on social psychology of eating, such as the Reason Action Approach, Social Cognitive Theory, and Theory of Normal Conduct have been applied to understand how psychosocial variables can explain FV intake. However, considering those predictors is still rare on the understanding of FV intake among adolescents (particularly in Brazil) despite its importance within eating behavior. Therefore, this study explored important psychosocial determinants of weekly frequency of FV intake among Brazilian adolescents in a model testing socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI). A cross-sectional design was performed with 429 students (58% female), mean age 14.45 (SD 1.86). Key variables of theoretical framework on social psychology of food were investigated by structural equation modeling. The model included self-efficacy, attitudes, and social norms (with its subcomponents descriptive and injunctive) as psychosocial predictors of weekly frequency of FV intake along with SES and BMI. An instrument developed for Brazilian Portuguese was used to collect psychosocial variables as well as to verify FV reported intake. The total model explained 45.5% of weekly frequency of FV intake, and self-efficacy was the only significant psychosocial determinant (λ = 0.51, p = 0.001). SES also showed an important effect on the model (λ = 0.21, p = 0.001), while for BMI no significance was observed. In conclusion, the model was adequate to understand psychosocial determinants of weekly frequency of FV intake for Brazilian adolescents, with self-efficacy and SES as the major determinants of this eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Henrique de Carvalho Moraes
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Business and Accounting, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marle dos Santos Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Maria Muniz Moraes
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Cavallini Cyrillo
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Business and Accounting, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Dietary Behavior of Adolescents in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: A Comparison between Cities with and without the Healthy Cities Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189508. [PMID: 34574431 PMCID: PMC8465802 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study reports dietary behaviors of adolescents in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, and comparison of these behaviors between cities with and without the Healthy Cities Program (HCP). We surveyed 1133 school-attending adolescents aged 15–19, using a multi-staged cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size. Prevalence of daily breakfast consumption was 27.7% among the adolescents. Prevalence of daily vegetables, fruits and milk or milk products consumption was 35.9%, 28.6% and 51.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the prevalence of daily consumption of fast-food and carbonated drinks was 7.5% and 37.1%, respectively. There was no significant association between living in the healthy cities and daily intake of breakfast (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.87–1.53), fruits (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.77–1.36), vegetables (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 0.98–1.67), or milk/milk products (OR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.77–1.29); and the daily intake of fast-food (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.49–1.35) or carbonated drinks (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.60–1.05). These findings warrant further in-depth evaluation of the HCP in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
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50
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Baxter JAB, Wasan Y, Islam M, Cousens S, Soofi SB, Ahmed I, Sellen DW, Bhutta ZA. Dietary diversity and social determinants of nutrition among late adolescent girls in rural Pakistan. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2021; 18:e13265. [PMID: 34467621 PMCID: PMC8710090 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The conditions in which adolescent girls mature shape their health, development and nutrition. Nutrient requirements increase to support growth during adolescence, but gaps between consumption and requirements exist in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to identify and quantify the relationship between dietary intake and diverse social determinants of nutrition (SDN) among a subset of adolescent girls 15-18.9 years (n = 390) enrolled within the Matiari emPowerment and Preconception Supplementation (MaPPS) Trial. The primary outcome, dietary diversity score (DDS), was derived by applying the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women 10-item scale to 24-h dietary recall data collected three times per participant. To examine the associations between the SDN-related explanatory variables and DDS, we generated a hierarchical, causal model using mixed effects linear regression to account for the cluster-randomized trial design. Using all data, diets lacked diversity (DDS mean ± SD: 3.35 ± 1.03 [range: 1-7; n = 1170]), and the minimum cut-off for dietary diversity was infrequently achieved (13.5%; 95% CI: 11.6-15.6%). Consumption of starches was reported in all recalls, but micronutrient-rich food consumption was less common. Of the SDN considered, wealth quintile had the strongest association with DDS (P < 0.0001). The diets of the sampled Pakistani adolescent girls were insufficient to meet micronutrient requirements. Poverty was the most important predictor of a diet lacking in diversity, indicating limited purchasing power or access to nutritious foods. Dietary diversification and nutrition education strategies alone are unlikely to lead to improved diets without steps to tackle this barrier, for example, through fortification of staple foods and provision of supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Anna B Baxter
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaqub Wasan
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Cousens
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sajid B Soofi
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Daniel W Sellen
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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