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Feliciano L, Erdal K, Sandal GM. Attitudes towards depression and its treatment among white, hispanic, and multiracial adults. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:441. [PMID: 39143581 PMCID: PMC11325710 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is present in all societies and affects members of all racial and ethnic groups. However, attitudes about depression differ across groups and have been shown to impact help-seeking behaviors, preferences for treatments, and compliance with treatments. METHODS Taking a cross-cultural approach, this project used a case vignette of depression to examine race/ethnic group differences in attitudes about depression and its treatment among young adults in the U.S. RESULTS Data analyses revealed significant racial/ethnic group differences in attitudes as well as the treatments/strategies participants reported they would use. Gender x race/ethnicity interactions revealed that White and Multiracial/ethnic men were more likely to believe the vignette character should find a partner to help with symptoms, while White and Multiracial/ethnic women did not endorse those strategies. Hispanic men and women did not show a gender difference in that strategy, but gender differences were observed in other strategies. In a rare comparison, majority-minority Multiracial/ethnic participants (i.e., White selected as one of their races/ethnicities) rated identified helpers and treatments similarly to White participants and significantly higher than multiple-minority Multiracial participants (i.e., White not selected as one of their races/ethnicities). CONCLUSIONS Findings supported previous research that indicates different U.S. racial/ethnic group ideas of depression and its treatment are potentially linked with cultural values, and we suggest that investigating these more fine-grained group differences can help to inform treating professionals as well as public health messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilani Feliciano
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Kristi Erdal
- Department of Psychology, Colorado College, 14 East Cache la Poudre Street, Colorado Springs, CO, 80903, USA
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Premasinghe I, Nagy GA, Gonzalez-Guarda RM, McCabe BE, Stafford AM. Determining the role of acculturative stress in predicting mental health service use among Latinx immigrants. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2024; 29:645-664. [PMID: 38813734 PMCID: PMC11272426 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2024.2359393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acculturative stress is an important factor that affects health for Latinx immigrants in the US, with multiple studies identifying a link between depression and acculturative stress in this population. However, far fewer studies have examined the specific role and relationship of acculturative stress on mental health service use in this population. Through the lens of Yang's 2016 Model of Immigrant Health Service Use, this study aimed to examine the role of acculturative stress in predicting mental health service use in a sample of Latinx immigrants in the Southeast US. DESIGN We conducted a secondary data analysis from a longitudinal study of Latinx immigrant health (n = 391). RESULTS Our study found that while total acculturative stress was not significantly associated with mental health service use in this sample, parenting stress was a significant predictor of mental health service use in the past six months when controlling for covariates (OR: 1.043, 95% CI [1.009, 1.078]). Additionally, important Predisposing and Need for Healthcare factors were significantly associated with mental health service use, specifically: males were less likely to utilize mental health services than females (OR: 0.401, 95% CI [0.166-0.968]), English language acculturation was positively associated with mental health service use (OR: 1.953, 95% CI [1.130, 3.377]), and depression was positively associated with mental health service use (OR: 1.107, 95% CI [1.027, 1.194]). CONCLUSION These findings support the need for more culturally sensitive mental health services, and the need to develop strategies to engage males and less acculturated individuals in mental health services to promote health equity among Latinx immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela A. Nagy
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Brian E. McCabe
- Department of Special Education Rehabilitation, and Counseling (SERC), Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Manzor-Mitrzyk B, Lopez-Medina AI, Farris KB. Comprehension and usefulness of Spanish language health information about depression treatment. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2024; 39:228-244. [PMID: 38537222 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
US Latine adults who prefer the Spanish language for healthcare encounter communication have high risk of health disparitiesm in part from low organizational health literacy, mental health stigma and discrimination. Organizational health literacy includes the provision of culturally responsive, language concordant health information, which supports good comprehension and usefulness and could mitigate some health disparities. We conducted a pilot study to assess commonly provided patient health information handouts about depression treatment and antidepressant consumer medication information sheets. Thirty Latine adults with a Spanish language preference and a history of depression and antidepressant use participated in one phone interview. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to assess comprehension and usefulness of selected sections extracted verbatim from these documents. Overall, 83% (n = 25) participants reported that all sections were easy to understand, and 97% (n = 29) said that they were useful. Yet, responses to open-ended questions for 53% (n = 16) of participants revealed 'confusing' terminology in at least one section, and 10% (n = 3) expressed concerns about or misunderstood an idiomatic phrase as reinforcing mental health stigma. The seriousness of the organizational health literacy-based issues identified in this and previous studies require that government and health service organizations make necessary and timely revisions to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Manzor-Mitrzyk
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ana I Lopez-Medina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Karen B Farris
- Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs and Graduate/Undergraduate Education, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Grieb SM, Platt R, Vazquez MG, Alvarez K, Polk S. Mental Health Stigma Among Spanish-Speaking Latinos in Baltimore, Maryland. J Immigr Minor Health 2023; 25:999-1007. [PMID: 37213041 PMCID: PMC10201042 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To assess mental health-related stigma in an emerging Latino immigrant community and explore demographic characteristics associated with stigma. We surveyed 367 Spanish-speaking Latino adults recruited at community-based venues in Baltimore, Maryland. The survey included sociodemographic questions, the Depression Knowledge Measure, Personal Stigma Scale, and the Stigma Concerns about Mental Health Care (SCMHC) assessment. Multiple regression models examining associations between personal stigma and stigma concerns about mental health care, respectively, were constructed using variables that were statistically significant in bivariate analyses. Being male, having less than high school education, reporting high importance of religion, and having lower depression knowledge contributed to higher personal stigma. When controlling for other variables, only depression knowledge contributed unique variance to the prediction of higher SCMHC. Efforts to improve access to and quality of mental health care must be paralleled by ongoing efforts to reduce depression stigma within emergent immigrant Latino communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Grieb
- Department of Pediatrics Center for Child and Community Health Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building - Center Tower Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Rheanna Platt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monica Guerrero Vazquez
- Department of Pediatrics Center for Child and Community Health Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building - Center Tower Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Center for Salud/Health and Opportunities for Latinos, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kiara Alvarez
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Polk
- Department of Pediatrics Center for Child and Community Health Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building - Center Tower Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Center for Salud/Health and Opportunities for Latinos, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Oh KM, Baird B, Alqahtani N, Peppard L, Kitsantas P. Exploring Levels and Correlates of Depression Literacy Among Older Korean Immigrants. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2022; 37:295-313. [PMID: 36331696 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-022-09461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the high prevalence of depression among older Korean Americans (KAs), there has been very little research on depression literacy among older KAs. This study identified specific areas of improvement in depression literacy to address mental health promotion among KAs. Twenty-two items on the depression literacy scale were grouped under five key themes: incidence and prognosis, differential symptoms, symptom recognition, non-pharmacological effectiveness, and pharmacological knowledge. This study aimed to assess the level of understanding depression literacy based on five domains and identify factors associated with depression literacy and its domains among older KAs. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 178 KAs aged 60 years and older was conducted in the Washington DC Metro area. Interviewer and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with depression literacy and its domains. Statistical significance was set at p < .05 for analyses. RESULTS Knowledge pertaining to all 5 depression literacy domains was low, particularly on pharmacological treatment and differential symptoms were noticeably low. The majority of participants had misconceptions about antidepressants. 86% believed that antidepressants can have a rapid effect on symptoms, 82.6% believed people with depression should stop taking antidepressants as soon as they feel better, and 66.3% believed antidepressants were addictive. CONCLUSION Misperception about depression and antidepressants may be associated with poor mental health outcomes among older KAs. Culturally-tailored education for older KAs with limited English proficiency could be beneficial in promoting depression literacy and reducing stigma or misconceptions regarding depression and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeung Mi Oh
- School of Nursing, George Mason University, 22030, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
| | - Byung Baird
- School of Nursing, George Mason University, 22030, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Naji Alqahtani
- College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Panagiota Kitsantas
- Department of Health Administration and Policy, George Mason University, 22030, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
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Rodriguez A, Ratanasiripong P, Hardaway K, Barron L, Toyama S. Latinx College Students: How Schemas and Attachments Impact Depression and Relationship Satisfaction. HISPANIC JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0739986320910165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Latinx college students face challenges regarding depression. The relationships between early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and attachment style on depression and relationship satisfaction were investigated among 236 Latinx college student participants. The Young Schema Questionnaire–Short Form (YSQ-S3) total score was utilized to identify overall schema. Significant correlations were found. Overall schema, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depression were all positively correlated, while attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depression were negatively correlated with relationship satisfaction. In multiple regression analyses, Model 1, overall schema and attachment anxiety significantly predicted depression. In Model 2, overall schema, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance significantly predicted relationship satisfaction, with EMS acting as a positive predictor. Results suggest that Latinx college students with EMS and anxious attachment style endorse more depression, while the influence of EMS and attachment style on relationship satisfaction needs to be further investigated. Considerations for the use of schema therapy and future research are discussed.
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Torres L, Magnus B, Najar N. Assessing the Psychometric Proprieties of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF) Among Latino Adults. Assessment 2020; 28:211-224. [PMID: 31928072 DOI: 10.1177/1073191119899470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Latino population continues to underutilize mental health services at an alarming rate. The Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF) is one of the most commonly used instruments to assess help-seeking attitudes. The current study sought to evaluate the factor structure and test for the presence of differential item functioning on the ATSPPH-SF with a sample of Latino adult individuals across nativity status (U.S.- vs. foreign-born), language format (English vs. Spanish), and gender. The analyses revealed two relatively independent factors named Openness to Seeking Treatment and Value and Need in Seeking Treatment. Measurement equivalence and practical implications are discussed in the context of use with Latino individuals.
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Hinton L, La Frano E, Harvey D, Alfaro ED, Kravitz R, Smith A, Apesoa-Varano EC, Jafri A, Unutzer J. Feasibility of a family-centered intervention for depressed older men in primary care. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1808-1814. [PMID: 31414506 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Families provide considerable support to many older adults with depression, yet few intervention studies have sought to include them. Family participation in depression treatment aligns with the preferences of older men, a group at high risk for depression under treatment. This study examined the feasibility of a family-centered depression intervention for older men in a primary care setting. METHODS A clinical trial was conducted in a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in California's Central Valley. Depressed older men (age 50 and older) were allocated to usual care enhanced by depression psychoeducation or a family-centered depression intervention delivered by a licensed clinical social worker. Intervention feasibility was assessed in terms of recruitment, retention, and extent of family engagement. The PHQ-9 was administered at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS For more than 6 months, 45 men were referred to the study; 31 met the inclusion criteria, 23 were successfully enrolled, and 20 (88%) participated in more than or equal to one treatment sessions. Overall, 85% (11 of 13) of men allocated to the intervention engaged a family member in more than or equal to one session and 54% (7 of 13) engaged the family member in more than or equal to three sessions. While men in both groups showed evidence of a significant decline in PHQ-9 scores early on, which attenuated over time, there were no significant between group differences. CONCLUSIONS Our family-centered depression intervention showed acceptable feasibility on the basis of a variety of parameters. Future research on family-based approaches may benefit from longer duration and more intensive treatment as well as additional strategies to overcome recruitment barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladson Hinton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Erika La Frano
- Community Health Centers Del Valle, Santa Maria, California, USA
| | - Danielle Harvey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Eduardo Delgadillo Alfaro
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Richard Kravitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Andrew Smith
- San Joaquin General Hospital, French Camp, California, USA
| | | | - Asma Jafri
- San Joaquin General Hospital, French Camp, California, USA
| | - Jurgen Unutzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Patmore J, Meddaoui B, Feldman H. Cultural considerations for treating Hispanic patients with eating disorders: A case study illustrating the effectiveness of CBT in reducing bulimia nervosa symptoms in a Latina patient. J Clin Psychol 2019; 75:2006-2021. [PMID: 31509250 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED's) are the deadliest of all mental disorders, yet there is a paucity of research examining the clinical presentation of eating disorders in Hispanic populations and limited guidelines for culturally sensitive treatment. Given the rapid growth of Hispanic communities in the U.S., it is important to acknowledge the unique clinical profile of patients within this demographic and examine eating pathology within this socio-cultural context. This case study aims to illustrate the utility, relevance, and effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on alleviating eating disorder symptoms in an adult Latina patient with bulimia nervosa to understand the broader implications of applying manualized treatments to diverse populations. We outline the strengths of CBT in quickly modifying problematic thought patterns and decreasing pathological behaviors while raising questions about cultural generalizability. In addition, we explore CBT's limitations in addressing certain underlying ED pathology-driving and maintaining factors for minority individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helen Feldman
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City, New York
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Hinton L, Sciolla AF, Unützer J, Elizarraras E, Kravitz RL, Apesoa-Varano EC. Family-centered depression treatment for older men in primary care: a qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2017; 18:88. [PMID: 28962555 PMCID: PMC5622558 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-017-0659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Family members often play important roles in the lives of depressed older men and frequently attend primary care visits with their loved ones, yet surprisingly little is known about how to most effectively engage and include family members in depression treatment. However, including family in depression treatment may be difficult due to several factors, such as depression stigma and family conflicts. The objective of this study was to describe challenges in engaging family members in older men’s depression treatment and potential strategies to overcome those challenges. Methods A cross-sectional, qualitative descriptive interview study was conducted in a safety-net, Federally Qualified Health Center in California’s Central Valley. A total of 37 stakeholders were recruited, including 15 depressed older (i.e. age ≥ 60) men, 12 family members, and 10 clinic staff. Depressed men were identified through mail outreach, waiting room screening, and referral. Depressed men identified family members who were later approached to participate. We also recruited a purposeful sample of clinic staff. Interviews explored stakeholder perspectives on family involvement in men’s depression treatment as part of a primary care intervention. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide, tape-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated if the interview was conducted in Spanish. Results Four themes were identified representing core challenges: engaging men at the right time; preserving men’s sense of autonomy; managing privacy concerns; and navigating family tensions. Stakeholders also provided practical suggestions and advice about how each of these challenges might be addressed. Conclusions While engaging family is a promising approach to strengthen depression care for older men in primary care settings, several potential challenges exist. Family- centered depression intervention development and clinical practice need to anticipate these challenges and to develop approaches and guidelines to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladson Hinton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, 95618, USA.
| | - Andrés F Sciolla
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California Davis, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, 95618, USA
| | - Jürgen Unützer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Edward Elizarraras
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Richard L Kravitz
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
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Depression, Self-Esteem, and Childhood Abuse Among Hispanic Men Residing in the U.S.–Mexico Border Region. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2017; 28:795-806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Muñoz-Laboy M, Worthington N, Perry A, Guilamo-Ramos V, Cabassa L, Lee J, Severson N. Socio-environmental risks for untreated depression among formerly incarcerated Latino men. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 16:1183-92. [PMID: 23508876 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To identify the levels of untreated depression and the socio-environmental factors associated with it among formerly incarcerated Latino men (FILM). Cross-sectional survey with 259 FILM ages 18-49 who were released from prison/jail within the prior 5 years. Depression was measured by the brief symptom inventory (BSI). Backward elimination was used to determine the best regression models. 26.9 % of the study sample reported depression. Low familism, residing farther away from family members, low utilization of health and social services, high levels of loneliness and high lifetime and current frequency of alcohol use were also associated with depression. Depression is a major problem among FILM. Addressing untreated depression among FILM must be a public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Muñoz-Laboy
- School of Social Work, Temple University, Ritter Annex 5th floor, 1301 W. Cecil B. Moore Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19122-6091, USA,
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Martinez Tyson D, Arriola NB, Corvin J. Perceptions of Depression and Access to Mental Health Care Among Latino Immigrants: Looking Beyond One Size Fits All. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2016; 26:1289-1302. [PMID: 26035855 DOI: 10.1177/1049732315588499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Compared with non-Latino Whites, Latino immigrants have a lower prevalence of depression. However, they are also less likely to seek professional mental health services. Our objective was to compare and contrast perceptions of depression and access to mental health care among four of the largest Latino immigrant subgroups in Florida (Puerto Rican, Cuban, Mexican, and Colombian). We conducted a total of 120 interviews (30 men and women from each subgroup). Thematic analysis of qualitative data revealed that participants across the four groups were aware of the signs and symptoms of depression and had similar perceptions of depression. However, notable differences by subgroup emerged with regard to perceptions of access to mental health care. We suggest that the variation stems from differences in life experiences and the immigration context. Understanding the variances and nuances of Latino immigrants' cultural construction of depression and immigration experience will enable practitioners to better serve this community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaime Corvin
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Vargas SM, Cabassa LJ, Nicasio A, De La Cruz AA, Jackson E, Rosario M, Guarnaccia PJ, Lewis-Fernández R. Toward a cultural adaptation of pharmacotherapy: Latino views of depression and antidepressant therapy. Transcult Psychiatry 2015; 52:244-73. [PMID: 25736422 DOI: 10.1177/1363461515574159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Relative to non-Latino Whites, Latinos in the United States with major depressive disorder (MDD) show low engagement in antidepressant therapy, whether engagement is defined as pharmacotherapy access, medication initiation, pill-taking, or treatment retention. One potential reason for this disparity in depression care is the low cultural congruence of pharmacotherapy for this population. To examine Latinos' views of depression and antidepressant therapy, we conducted qualitative interviews with 30 Latino outpatients initiating antidepressants prior to their first treatment visit using the semistructured Treatment Adherence and Retention Questionnaire. These baseline interviews were randomly selected from data collected for a randomized controlled trial testing a novel intervention to enhance engagement by depressed Latino outpatients. Participant narratives were analyzed using open coding and the iterative analytical approach derived from grounded theory. Patient views about depression addressed stigmatizing views held by others in their social circle. Most participants directly refuted these views by providing alternate explanations to depression experiences. Antidepressant therapy narratives also revealed marked stigmatization, but participants tended not to refute these views. Instead, patients expressed concerns about antidepressants and showed marked ambivalence about seeking psychiatric care. Participants, however, did suggest ways in which clinicians and patients might collaborate to address their concerns about antidepressants. Some cultural views, such as concerns about addiction to or dependence on medication, may be negotiable barriers to treatment. Prescribing clinicians should address cultural views and concerns in order to improve Latino engagement in antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leopoldo J Cabassa
- Columbia University School of Social WorkNew York State Psychiatric Institute
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Pai S, Boutin-Foster C, Mancuso CA, Loganathan R, Basir R, Kanna B. "Looking out for each other": a qualitative study on the role of social network interactions in asthma management among adult Latino patients presenting to an emergency department. J Asthma 2014; 51:714-9. [PMID: 24628522 PMCID: PMC4167065 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2014.903967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify the types of interactions between asthma patients and their social networks such as close family and friends that influence the management of asthma. METHODS Participants were Latino adults presenting for a repeat visit to the emergency department for asthma treatment. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 76 participants. They were asked to describe the experiences of their social networks that have asthma and how interactions with these individuals influenced their own asthma management. Responses were transcribed and analyzed using Grounded Theory as a qualitative analytic approach. Responses were assigned codes; similar codes were grouped into concepts and then categorized to form overarching themes. RESULTS Four themes emerged: (1) Perceptions of severity of asthma may be based on the experiences of social networks; (2) Economic factors may contribute to the sharing and borrowing of asthma medications between patients and their social networks; (3) Economic factors may contribute to using home remedies instead of prescribed medications; (4) Social network members may be unaware of the factors that trigger asthma and therefore, contribute to asthma exacerbations. CONCLUSION This study identified important social network interactions that may impact asthma management in Latino adults. These results can be used to broaden the current focus of asthma self-management programs to incorporate discussions on the role of social networks. A focus on social network interactions addresses the social epidemiology of asthma and advances our understanding of root causes that may underlie the high prevalence of asthma in many Latino communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucheta Pai
- Department of Internal medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , NY , USA
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Hui AKY, Wong PWC, Fu KW. Building a model for encouraging help-seeking for depression: a qualitative study in a Chinese society. BMC Psychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/2050-7283-2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Clinical depression has been increasingly prevalent in international health statistics but people are often found to be reluctant to seek help when they encounter depression. However, there is no general theory to explain how personal, social and cultural factors affect an individual’s help-seeking intention, nor to guide the design of preventive programmes for such intention once needed.
Methods
Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, we deployed the illness narrative approach and interviewed 18 participants in Hong Kong.
Results
With the diverse results we gathered from the interviews, a behavioral model was built to conceptualize the interplays of various factors in shaping one’s help-seeking intention and behavior for depression. Participants appeared to have a limited view of treatment options and had diverse views of the symptoms of depression, both of which profoundly affected their motivation to seek help.
Conclusions
The role of family and friends and a holistic approach to mental health education were found to be particularly important for encouraging help-seeking behavior in future campaigns concerning depression.
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Zerr AA, Pina AA. Predictors of Initial Engagement in Child Anxiety Mental Health Specialty Services. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2014; 43:151-164. [PMID: 24683301 PMCID: PMC3964616 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-013-9230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child and family mental health services remain largely underutilized despite the relatively high rate of youth suffering from mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) disorders. As such, it is important to address challenges and examine factors related to child mental health service use and engagement, especially when it comes to children in need of services for anxiety. OBJECTIVE Informed by the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use (BMHS), the present study sought to examine predictors of service use and engagement for families seeking assistance for their anxious children. Initial levels of engagement in culturally tailored services were predicted from predisposing characteristics (e.g., child age, ethnicity), enabling resources (e.g., Spanish services, transportation), and need characteristics (e.g., child clinical severity). METHOD Participants included Latino (n = 126) and Caucasian (n = 116) families who presented to a specialty clinic due to child emotional and behavior problems related to anxiety. Initial service utilization and engagement was assessed along the following levels toward services care: (1) initiated contact and completed a clinical intake, (2) completed a home screen, and (3) completed an on-site diagnostic assessment. All procedures were culturally tailored to the presenting needs of families. RESULTS Predisposing characteristics, enabling resources and need characteristics emerged as significant predictors of child mental health service use, with some variations. Child age, ethnicity, referral source, and enabling resources predicted completion of a home screen. Proximity to services predicted completion of the on-site diagnostic assessment. CONCLUSION Knowledge of factors that predict engagement in child mental health services can help identify avenues to promote service utilization, especially among ethnic minority children and families. Our culturally tailored approach to serving families appears to be promising in bridging the cross-ethnic services gap and therefore has implications for practice.
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Depression and Help Seeking Among Mexican–Americans: The Mediating Role of Familism. J Immigr Minor Health 2013; 16:1225-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hoy S. Beyond Men Behaving Badly: A Meta-Ethnography of Men's Perspectives on Psychological Distress and Help Seeking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3149/jmh.1103.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Ruiz E, Aguirre RTP, Mitschke DB. What leads non-U.S.-Born Latinos to access mental health care? SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2013; 52:1-19. [PMID: 23301932 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2012.733326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Latinos underutilize mental health care services. Of those who do, about 70% do not return after the initial visit. This study's purposes were: (1) to identify factors that led non-U.S.-born Latinos to utilize services from a nonprofit clinic in Texas and (2) to assess whether acculturation played a role in accessing mental health care. Data were collected over a 10-week period using an interview schedule and the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale for Latinos. Results indicate acculturation does not play a significant role in access, but patient knowledge of mental health care issues does. Specifically, the main barriers to access were: (1) lack of knowledge that there was a mental health issue; and (2) lack of knowledge of where to go for mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ruiz
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76016, USA.
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Lapatin S, Gonçalves M, Nillni A, Chavez L, Quinn RL, Green A, Alegría M. Lessons from the use of vignettes in the study of mental health service disparities. Health Serv Res 2012; 47:1345-62. [PMID: 22150766 PMCID: PMC3418829 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the development, feasibility, and use of a vignette approach as an important tool in health services disparities research. DATA SOURCE Interviews with vignette developers and qualitative data from a novel mental health services disparities study that used vignettes in two samples: (1) predominantly low-income parents of children attending mental health specialty care who were Latino or non-Latino White and (2) Latino and non-Latino mental health clinicians who treat children in their practice. STUDY DESIGN We conduct a content analysis of qualitative data from patients and providers in the Ethnic Differences Study to explore the feasibility of vignette methodology in health services disparities research, and we identify lessons learned that may guide future vignette development. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Vignettes provide a valuable approach that is acceptable to participants, elicits important insight on participant experience and services, and sheds light on factors that can help optimize study design for exploring health disparities questions. CONCLUSIONS Researchers, clinicians, and others should consider a set of factors that help determine when a vignette approach is warranted in research, training, or for other uses, including how best to address identified weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri Lapatin
- Center for Multicultural Mental Health Research, Cambridge Health Alliance-Harvard Medical School, 120 Beacon Street, 4th floor, Somerville, MA 02143, USA.
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De Santis JP, Layerla DM, Barroso S, Gattamorta KA, Sanchez M, Prado GJ. Predictors of eating attitudes and behaviors among gay Hispanic men. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2012; 26:111-26. [PMID: 22449559 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Gay men are a vulnerable population at risk for a number of health disparities, but little is known about eating disorders among gay Hispanic men. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of eating attitudes and behaviors with alcohol abuse, body image, depression, self-esteem, and sexual behaviors to determine predictors of eating attitudes and behaviors in a community sample of gay Hispanic men. Significant numbers of the participants were at risk for eating disorders (13%), alcohol abuse (18%), body image disturbance (29%), depression (25%), low self-esteem (12%), and high-risk sexual behaviors (34%). Alcohol abuse, body image, depression, self-esteem, and sexual behaviors were significant predictors of eating attitudes and behaviors and accounted for 38% of the variance in eating attitudes and behaviors. Nurses providing care to this population of gay men must be aware of this cluster of related mental health conditions that are experienced by these men. Addressing and treating these health conditions as a group of related mental health conditions are necessary. More research is needed to further explore this cluster of health issues among gay Hispanic men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P De Santis
- University of Miami, School of Nursing and Health Studies, 5030 Brunson Drive, Room 432A, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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Wetterneck CT, Little TE, Rinehart KL, Cervantes ME, Hyde E, Williams M. Latinos with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Mental healthcare utilization and inclusion in clinical trials. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord 2012; 1:85-97. [PMID: 29057210 PMCID: PMC5647138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has documented that ethnic minorities, particularly Latinos, obtain fewer mental health services than Caucasians (Kearney, Draper, & Baron 2005; Sue, Fujino, Hu, Takeuchi, & Zane, 1991). Conceivably, this may be due to a wide array of cultural issues (e.g., negative stigma attached to mental health, and language, socio-economic, and acculturation barriers), symptom disparities across Caucasian and Latino groups, or lack of effective outreach methods by clinicians and researchers. However, research is limited. As a result, Latinos may be insufficiently represented in clinical studies for OCD, making it unclear whether evidence-based treatments demonstrate the same efficacy and effectiveness for Latinos as has been demonstrated for Caucasians. The current study takes an in-depth analysis of 98 efficacy and effectiveness studies for OCD from across the Western hemisphere and reports the rates of Latino inclusion from each sample. Ninety clinical studies in the US and Canada, as well as eight clinical studies in Mexico and Central America were reviewed. Findings showed that only 11 (24%) US and Canadian studies included Latino participants, illustrating an overwhelming underrepresentation of Latinos in clinical studies for OCD. Further explanation of the results and their implications are discussed, along with suggestions for effectively improving access to mental health research and appropriate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad T Wetterneck
- University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, United States
| | - Tannah E Little
- University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, United States
| | - Kimberly L Rinehart
- University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, United States
| | - Maritza E Cervantes
- University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, United States
| | - Emma Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Monnica Williams
- University of Louisville, Center for Mental Health Disparities, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, 2301 South Third St., Louisville, KY 40292, United States
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Kane MN, Jacobs RJ. Perceptions of the Humanness of Religious Leaders Among University Students. JOURNAL OF SPIRITUALITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/19349637.2012.642672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Erdal K, Singh N, Tardif A. Attitudes about depression and its treatment among mental health professionals, lay persons and immigrants and refugees in Norway. J Affect Disord 2011; 133:481-8. [PMID: 21620476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internationally, depression is a common psychological disorder whose treatment depends upon its identification by treating professionals as well as patient utilization of mental health care systems; the latter often being hampered by cultural differences between patients and health professionals. METHOD The current study used vignettes of depressed patients which varied the culture and/or social circumstances of the patient to assess whether these variables influenced the conceptualization of depression and its treatment. Participants (N=722) included mental health professionals, lay people, immigrants, and refugees in Norway. RESULTS We found that immigrants and refugees, particularly those of non-western origin, endorsed different types of depression treatments from native Norwegians and mental health professionals, and judged who deserved treatment and who was overreacting based on the patient's culture and social circumstances, while native Norwegians did not. LIMITATIONS While widely used cross-culturally, vignette methodology is limited in its generalizability to real clinical situations. Acculturation was not evaluated, which may have influenced the results. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the integration of cultural competency ideals not only into treatment, but also into public health promotions of mental health services for lay people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Erdal
- Department of Psychology, The Colorado College, 14 East Cache La Poudre Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80903, USA.
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Körner H, Newman CE, Kidd MR, Saltman DC, Kippax S. Discourses of depression of Australian general practitioners working with gay men. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2011; 21:1051-1064. [PMID: 21454884 DOI: 10.1177/1049732311404030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The data for this article are from a primary health care project on HIV and depression, in which the prevalence, nature, clinical management, and self-management of depression among homosexually active men attending high-HIV-caseload general practice clinics were investigated. One of the qualitative arms consisted of in-depth interviews with general practitioners (GPs) with high caseloads of gay men. The approach to discourse analysis was informed by Halliday's systemic functional linguistics. GPs constructed three discourses of depression: engaging with psychiatric discourse, engaging with the patient's world, and engaging with social structures. When GPs drew on the discourse of psychiatry, this discourse was positioned as only one possible construction of depression. This discourse was also contextualized in the social lives of gay men, and it was explicitly challenged and rejected. Engaging with their patients' social world was considered vital for recognizing depression in gay men. Finally, the GPs' construction of depression was inextricably linked to social disadvantage and marginalization. Depression is highly heterogeneous and constructed in terms of social relationships rather than as an independent entity that resides in the individual. There is a synergy between GPs' constructions of depression and men's experiences of depression, which differs from conventional medical views, and which enables GPs to be highly effective in dealing with the mental health issues of their gay patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Körner
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Ishikawa RZ, Cardemil EV, Falmagne RJ. Help seeking and help receiving for emotional distress among Latino men and women. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2010; 20:1558-72. [PMID: 20448272 DOI: 10.1177/1049732310369140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined help-seeking pathways and help-receiving experiences among Latinos, a population that has been shown to under-utilize mental health services. We used the qualitative approach of dual mode of analysis to explore the experiences of 13 Latino men and women who utilized formal as well as informal treatment and support resources. We explored three specific themes: (a) individual and family help-seeking perspectives intersecting with Latino cultural norms; (b) referral source and style, needs identification, and prior help-seeking experiences as key motivational factors for help seeking; and (c) client-therapist match and client-therapist relational style as integral to mental health treatment satisfaction. We discuss clinical implications for efforts to improve the cultural sensitivity and accessibility of mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Zack Ishikawa
- Frances L. Hiatt School of Psychology, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA.
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Kane MN, Green D. Help‐Seeking from Mental Health Professionals or Clergy: Perceptions of University Students. JOURNAL OF SPIRITUALITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/19349630903307217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bennett IM, Palmer S, Marcus S, Nicholson JM, Hantsoo L, Bellamy S, Rinaldi J, Coyne JC. "One end has nothing to do with the other:" patient attitudes regarding help seeking intention for depression in gynecologic and obstetric settings. Arch Womens Ment Health 2009; 12:301-8. [PMID: 19730982 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-009-0103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many women rely on their obstetrician/gynecologist (OB/GYN) as their primary contact with the health care delivery system. There have been few studies exploring patient views on getting help for depression from these providers. The purpose of this study is to assess help seeking intention for depression and identify beliefs which moderate this intention. Telephone interviews of women following a routine gynecologic visit or in the immediate postpartum period (regarding prenatal care) were used to assess intention to seek help from their providers in a case of depression. For women who lacked this intention, related beliefs were elicited with the open ended question "why not?" Among the 225 women in the study more than half receiving gynecologic care (59%) and nearly a third of women who received prenatal care (29%; p < 0.001) stated they would not seek help from their OB/GYN for depression. Report that a prenatal provider had mentioned depression was associated with help seeking intention for depression but was not independent of confounding variables. Beliefs among women who lacked help seeking intention clustered into two attitude themes: 1) an OB/GYN is the wrong doctor for depression care and 2) OB/GYN is not a good setting for depression care. Many women have attitudes which reduce their intention to seek help for depression from their OB/GYN. Interventions aiming to increase delivery of depression care in these settings should consider these beliefs in their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Bennett
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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