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Wang J, Jiang Y, Zhu C, Liu Z, Qi L, Ding H, Wang J, Huang Y, Li Y, Song Y, Feng G, Zhang L, Liu L. Mitochondria-engine with self-regulation to restore degenerated intervertebral disc cells via bioenergetic robust hydrogel design. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:1-18. [PMID: 38873262 PMCID: PMC11167444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is closely associated with inflammation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resultant cell mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decline. Clearance of ROS in an inflammatory environment is essential for breaking the vicious cycle of MMP decline. Additionally, re-energizing the mitochondria damaged in the inflammatory milieu to restore their function, is equally important. Herein, we proposed an interesting concept of mitochondrion-engine equipped with coolant, which enables first to "cool-down" the inflammatory environment, next to restore the MMP, finally to allow cells to regain normal energy metabolism through materials design. As such, we developed a multi-functional composite composed of a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive sodium alginate/gelatin hydrogel infused into a rigid 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) scaffold. The TPU scaffold was coated with conductive polypyrrole (PPy) to electrophoretically deposit l-arginine, which could upregulate the Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, thus increasing MMP and energy metabolism to stimulate extracellular matrix synthesis for IVD repair. While the ROS-responsive hydrogel acting as the "mito-engine coolant" could scavenge the excessive ROS to create a favorable environment for IVD cells recovery. Demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo evaluations, the mito-engine system markedly promoted the proliferation and collagen synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells while enhancing the mitochondrial respiration and MMP under oxidative stress. Radiological and histological assessments in vivo revealed the efficacy of this system in IVD repair. This unique bioinspired design integrated biomaterial science with mitochondrial biology, presents a promising paradigm for IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ce Zhu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yubao Li
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yueming Song
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ganjun Feng
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Wu C, Acuña A, Florez-Palacios L, Harrison D, Rogers D, Mozzoni L, Mian R, Canella Vieira C. Across-environment seed protein stability and genetic architecture of seed components in soybean. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16452. [PMID: 39013958 PMCID: PMC11252131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent surge in the plant-based protein market has resulted in high demands for soybean genotypes with improved grain yield, seed protein and oil content, and essential amino acids (EAAs). Given the quantitative nature of these traits, complex interactions among seed components, as well as between seed components and environmental factors and management practices, add complexity to the development of desired genotypes. In this study, the across-environment seed protein stability of 449 genetically diverse plant introductions was assessed, revealing that genotypes may display varying sensitivities to such environmental stimuli. The EAAs valine, phenylalanine, and threonine showed the highest variable importance toward the variation in stability, while both seed protein and oil contents were among the explanatory variables with the lowest importance. In addition, 56 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were significantly associated with various seed components. Despite the strong phenotypic Pearson's correlation observed among most seed components, many independent genomic regions associated with one or few seed components were identified. These findings provide insights for improving the seed concentration of specific EAAs and reducing the negative correlation between seed protein and oil contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Wu
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Andrea Acuña
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Liliana Florez-Palacios
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Derrick Harrison
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Daniel Rogers
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Leandro Mozzoni
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Rouf Mian
- Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Caio Canella Vieira
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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Sadaf A, Dong M, Pfeiffer A, Korpik J, Kalfa TA, Latham T, Vinks AA, Ware RE, Quinn CT. A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of l-glutamine for the treatment of sickle cell disease: Implications for understanding the mechanism of action and evaluating response to therapy. Br J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 38977270 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms of action of l-glutamine for the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) are not well understood and there are no validated clinical biomarkers to assess response. We conducted a three-week, dose-ascending trial of glutamine and measured the pharmacokinetic (PK) exposure parameters, peak concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC). We used a panel of biomarkers to investigate the pharmacodynamics (PD) of glutamine and studied PK-PD relationships. There was no plasma accumulation of glutamine, glutamate, arginine or other amino acids over time, but modestly improved arginine bioavailability was observed. In standard analysis by dose levels over time, there were no measurable effects on blood counts, viscosity, ektacytometry or reactive oxygen species (ROS). In PK-PD analysis, however, higher glutamine exposure (Cmax or AUC) was associated with increased whole blood viscosity and cellular dehydration, yet also with higher haemoglobin concentration, increased haematocrit-to-viscosity ratio, decreased reticulocyte ROS, improved RBC deformability and decreased point of sickling. This novel PK-PD analysis identified biomarkers reflecting the positive and negative effects of glutamine, helping to elucidate its mechanisms of action in SCD. PK-optimized dosing to achieve glutamine exposure (AUC or Cmax) that is associated with salutary biological effects should be studied to support its therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sadaf
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Min Dong
- Division of Translational and Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Amanda Pfeiffer
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer Korpik
- Erythrocyte Diagnostic Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Theodosia A Kalfa
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Erythrocyte Diagnostic Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Teresa Latham
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Alexander A Vinks
- Division of Translational and Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Russell E Ware
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles T Quinn
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Erythrocyte Diagnostic Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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4
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Gonçalves E, Smaoui S, Brito M, Oliveira JM, Arez AP, Tavares L. Sickle Cell Disease: Current Drug Treatments and Functional Foods with Therapeutic Potential. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5845-5865. [PMID: 38921020 PMCID: PMC11202234 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA), the most common form of sickle cell disease (SCD), is a genetic blood disorder. Red blood cells break down prematurely, causing anemia and often blocking blood vessels, leading to chronic pain, organ damage, and increased infection risk. SCD arises from a single-nucleotide mutation in the β-globin gene, substituting glutamic acid with valine in the β-globin chain. This review examines treatments evaluated through randomized controlled trials for managing SCD, analyzes the potential of functional foods (dietary components with health benefits) as a complementary strategy, and explores the use of bioactive compounds as functional food ingredients. While randomized trials show promise for certain drugs, functional foods enriched with bioactive compounds also hold therapeutic potential. Further research is needed to confirm clinical efficacy, optimal dosages, and specific effects of these compounds on SCD, potentially offering a cost-effective and accessible approach to managing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisângela Gonçalves
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health (LA-REAL), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon (UNL) 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.G.); (A.P.A.)
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial and Enzymes Biotechnology and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia;
| | - Miguel Brito
- Health Research Centre of Angola (CISA), Caxito, Angola;
- H&TRC—Health & Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-092 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J. M. Oliveira
- School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Cercal, 449, 3810-193 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal;
- EMaRT Group—Emerging Materials, Research, Technology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CICECO Aveiro—Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Arez
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health (LA-REAL), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon (UNL) 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.G.); (A.P.A.)
| | - Loleny Tavares
- School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Cercal, 449, 3810-193 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal;
- EMaRT Group—Emerging Materials, Research, Technology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CICECO Aveiro—Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Tu Z, Yang J, Fan C. The role of different nutrients in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393378. [PMID: 38799425 PMCID: PMC11116626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular health is a hot topic around the world, and as the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases each year, people are increasingly focusing on the management of their heart health. Dietary and lifestyle changes as non-pharmacological treatments have been increasingly recognized as important in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and in reducing the risk of cardiovascular accidents. Awareness of different nutrients and their effects on cardiovascular health is important for establishing a good dietary pattern. This review summarizes the effects of the five major nutrients in the daily diet, namely carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fats, vitamins, and minerals, on cardiovascular health, and aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of a healthy dietary pattern on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Ma S, Ming Y, Wu J, Cui G. Cellular metabolism regulates the differentiation and function of T-cell subsets. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:419-435. [PMID: 38565887 PMCID: PMC11061161 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are an important component of adaptive immunity and protect the host from infectious diseases and cancers. However, uncontrolled T cell immunity may cause autoimmune disorders. In both situations, antigen-specific T cells undergo clonal expansion upon the engagement and activation of antigens. Cellular metabolism is reprogrammed to meet the increase in bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands associated with effector T cell expansion. Metabolites not only serve as building blocks or energy sources to fuel cell growth and expansion but also regulate a broad spectrum of cellular signals that instruct the differentiation of multiple T cell subsets. The realm of immunometabolism research is undergoing swift advancements. Encapsulating all the recent progress within this concise review in not possible. Instead, our objective is to provide a succinct introduction to this swiftly progressing research, concentrating on the metabolic intricacies of three pivotal nutrient classes-lipids, glucose, and amino acids-in T cells. We shed light on recent investigations elucidating the roles of these three groups of metabolites in mediating the metabolic and immune functions of T cells. Moreover, we delve into the prospect of "editing" metabolic pathways within T cells using pharmacological or genetic approaches, with the aim of synergizing this approach with existing immunotherapies and enhancing the efficacy of antitumor and antiinfection immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yanan Ming
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jingxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Guoliang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Liu X, Li J, Zhang Z, He Y, Wang M, Zhao Y, Lin S, Liu T, Liao Y, Zhang N, Yuan K, Ling Y, Liu Z, Chen X, Chen Z, Chen R, Wang X, Gu B. Acetylation of xenogeneic silencer H-NS regulates biofilm development through the nitrogen homeostasis regulator in Shewanella. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2886-2903. [PMID: 38142446 PMCID: PMC11014242 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjusting intracellular metabolic pathways and adopting suitable live state such as biofilms, are crucial for bacteria to survive environmental changes. Although substantial progress has been made in understanding how the histone-like nucleoid-structuring (H-NS) protein modulates the expression of the genes involved in biofilm formation, the precise modification that the H-NS protein undergoes to alter its DNA binding activity is still largely uncharacterized. This study revealed that acetylation of H-NS at Lys19 inhibits biofilm development in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 by downregulating the expression of glutamine synthetase, a critical enzyme in glutamine synthesis. We further found that nitrogen starvation, a likely condition in biofilm development, induces deacetylation of H-NS and the trimerization of nitrogen assimilation regulator GlnB. The acetylated H-NS strain exhibits significantly lower cellular glutamine concentration, emphasizing the requirement of H-NS deacetylation in Shewanella biofilm development. Moreover, we discovered in vivo that the activation of glutamine biosynthesis pathway and the concurrent suppression of the arginine synthesis pathway during both pellicle and attached biofilms development, further suggesting the importance of fine tune nitrogen assimilation by H-NS acetylation in Shewanella. In summary, posttranslational modification of H-NS endows Shewanella with the ability to respond to environmental needs by adjusting the intracellular metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Liu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Jun Li
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yizhou He
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Mingfang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yunhu Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Shituan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianlang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiwen Liao
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Kaixuan Yuan
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yong Ling
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ziyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaozhong Chen
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
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Barros CDS, Coutinho A, Tengan CH. Arginine Supplementation in MELAS Syndrome: What Do We Know about the Mechanisms? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3629. [PMID: 38612442 PMCID: PMC11011289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MELAS syndrome, characterized by mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes, represents a devastating mitochondrial disease, with the stroke-like episodes being its primary manifestation. Arginine supplementation has been used and recommended as a treatment for these acute attacks; however, insufficient evidence exists to support this treatment for MELAS. The mechanisms underlying the effect of arginine on MELAS pathophysiology remain unclear, although it is hypothesized that arginine could increase nitric oxide availability and, consequently, enhance blood supply to the brain. A more comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms is necessary to improve treatment strategies, such as dose and regimen adjustments; identify which patients could benefit the most; and establish potential markers for follow-up. This review aims to analyze the existing evidence concerning the mechanisms through which arginine supplementation impacts MELAS pathophysiology and provide the current scenario and perspectives for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Celia H. Tengan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (C.D.S.B.); (A.C.)
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Stumpf F, Wunderle C, Ritz J, Bernasconi L, Neyer P, Tribolet P, Stanga Z, Mueller B, Bischoff SC, Schuetz P. Prognostic implications of the arginine metabolism in patients at nutritional risk: A secondary analysis of the randomized EFFORT trial. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:660-673. [PMID: 38309228 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arginine, a conditionally essential amino acid, is key component in metabolic pathways including immune regulation and protein synthesis. Depletion of arginine contributes to worse outcomes in severely ill and surgical patient populations. We assessed prognostic implications of arginine levels and its metabolites and ratios in polymorbid medical inpatients at nutritional risk regarding clinical outcomes and treatment response. METHODS Within this secondary analysis of the randomized controlled Effect of early nutritional support on Frailty, Functional Outcomes, and Recovery of malnourished medical inpatients Trial (EFFORT), we investigated the association of arginine, its metabolites and ratios (i.e., ADMA and SDMA, ratios of arginine/ADMA, arginine/ornithine, and global arginine bioavailability ratio) measured on hospital admission with short-term and long-term mortality by means of regression analysis. RESULTS Among the 231 patients with available measurements, low arginine levels ≤90.05 μmol/l (n = 86; 37 %) were associated with higher all-cause mortality at 30 days (primary endpoint, adjusted HR 3.27, 95 % CI 1.86 to 5.75, p < 0.001) and at 5 years (adjusted HR 1.50, 95 % CI 1.07 to 2.12, p = 0.020). Arginine metabolites and ratios were also associated with adverse outcome, but had lower prognostic value. There was, however, no evidence that treatment response was influenced by admission arginine levels. CONCLUSION This secondary analysis focusing on medical inpatients at nutritional risk confirms a strong association of low plasma arginine levels and worse clinical courses. The potential effects of arginine-enriched nutritional supplements should be investigated in this population of patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02517476 (registered 7 August 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Stumpf
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland; Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Carla Wunderle
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Ritz
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Luca Bernasconi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Peter Neyer
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Tribolet
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland; Department of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Falkenplatz 24, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Life Sciences University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zeno Stanga
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine, and Metabolism, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beat Mueller
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland; Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 61, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland; Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 61, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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10
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Sadaf A, Dong M, Pfeiffer A, Latham T, Kalfa T, Vinks AA, Ware RE, Quinn CT. A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of L-Glutamine Exposure in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Evaluation of Dose and Food Effects. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:357-365. [PMID: 38401036 PMCID: PMC10954986 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-024-01349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE L-Glutamine is a treatment for children and adults with sickle cell disease. A comprehensive evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of L-glutamine in sickle cell disease has not been conducted. We aimed to assess the effects of long-term dosing, multiple dose levels, and food intake on L-glutamine exposure in patients with sickle cell disease compared to normal participants. METHODS We conducted an open-label dose-ascending trial of L-glutamine in pediatric and adult participants with sickle cell disease (N = 8) and adult healthy volunteers (N = 4), providing a total of 400 plasma L-glutamine concentrations. Each participant received three ascending oral doses (0.1 and 0.3 g/kg twice daily and 0.6 g/kg once daily) over 3 weeks. Plasma L-glutamine concentrations were quantified using ion exchange chromatography. Both a non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis and a population pharmacokinetic analysis were performed. RESULTS L-glutamine had rapid absorption and elimination, and there was no significant change in the baseline (pre-dose) L-glutamine concentration throughout the study, indicating no drug accumulation. Pharmacokinetics was best described by a one-compartment model with first-order kinetics. The dose-normalized peak concentration decreased with dose escalation, indicating the capacity-limited non-linear pharmacokinetics of oral L-glutamine. A covariate analysis showed that baseline L-glutamine concentrations correlated negatively with glutamine clearance, whereas dose positively correlated with volume of distribution. Food intake did not significantly affect glutamine clearance, indicating that L-glutamine can be taken with or without food. CONCLUSIONS We report the first pharmacokinetic study of multiple-dose, long-term oral L-glutamine therapy and the first population pharmacokinetic analysis of L-glutamine for sickle cell disease. These findings may permit optimized dosing of L-glutamine for patients with sickle cell disease to maximize treatment benefits. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04684381).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sadaf
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
| | - Min Dong
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amanda Pfeiffer
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
| | - Teresa Latham
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
| | - Theodosia Kalfa
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alexander A Vinks
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Russell E Ware
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Charles T Quinn
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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11
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Tang X, Zhang L, Huang M, Wang F, Xie G, Huo R, Gao R. Selective enhanced cytotoxicity of amino acid deprivation for cancer therapy using thermozyme functionalized nanocatalyst. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:53. [PMID: 38326899 PMCID: PMC10848425 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzyme therapy based on differential metabolism of cancer cells has demonstrated promising potential as a treatment strategy. Nevertheless, the therapeutic benefit of reported enzyme drugs is compromised by their uncontrollable activity and weak stability. Additionally, thermozymes with high thermal-stability suffer from low catalytic activity at body temperature, preventing them from functioning independently. RESULTS Herein, we have developed a novel thermo-enzymatic regulation strategy for near-infrared (NIR)-triggered precise-catalyzed photothermal treatment of breast cancer. Our strategy enables efficient loading and delivery of thermozymes (newly screened therapeutic enzymes from thermophilic bacteria) via hyaluronic acid (HA)-coupled gold nanorods (GNRs). These nanocatalysts exhibit enhanced cellular endocytosis and rapid enzyme activity enhancement, while also providing biosafety with minimized toxic effects on untargeted sites due to temperature-isolated thermozyme activity. Locally-focused NIR lasers ensure effective activation of thermozymes to promote on-demand amino acid deprivation and photothermal therapy (PTT) of superficial tumors, triggering apoptosis, G1 phase cell cycle arrest, inhibiting migration and invasion, and potentiating photothermal sensitivity of malignancies. CONCLUSIONS This work establishes a precise, remotely controlled, non-invasive, efficient, and biosafe nanoplatform for accurate enzyme therapy, providing a rationale for promising personalized therapeutic strategies and offering new prospects for high-precision development of enzyme drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhui Tang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mingwang Huang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guiqiu Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Rui Huo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Renjun Gao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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12
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Li W, Hou Y, Wang Y, Liu R, Zhang H, Luo Y, Li Q, Njolibimi M, Hong B, Xu T. Shizao decoction for cirrhotic ascites: assessing potential targets based on network analysis combined with pharmacokinetics and metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298818. [PMID: 38323084 PMCID: PMC10844526 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Shizao decoction (SZD) is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction that has therapeutic effects on cirrhotic ascites (CAS). Because of the unclear treatment mechanism, in the current study, the anti-CAS activity of SZD and molecular mechanisms were analyzed by network analysis combined with pharmacokinetics and metabolomics. Methods: Firstly, we assessed the anti-CAS efficacy of SZD by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), liver function tests, NO and ET-1 levels, and portal venous pressure. Secondly, network analysis was applied to dig out the metabolites, targets, and pathways related to SZD and CAS. Then, the pharmacokinetics of the pharmacokinetically relevant metabolites (PRM) were analyzed. Thirdly, the serum and urine metabolic biomarkers of rats with CAS were identified using metabolomics by comparing them with the SZD treatment group. In addition, MetaboAnalyst was utilized to conduct metabolic pathway analysis. Finally, the correlation analysis established a dynamic connection between absorbed PRM from SZD and CAS-associated endogenous metabolites. Results: Pharmacodynamic analysis indicated that SZD effectively mitigated liver injury symptoms by ameliorating inflammatory cell infiltration in CAS rats. The network analysis results indicated that twelve RPM contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of SZD against CAS; the key signaling pathways involved might be hepatitis B and PI3K-Akt. Pharmacokinetics results showed that the 12 RPM were efficiently absorbed into rat plasma, ensuring desirable bioavailability. The metabolomic analysis yielded 21 and 23 significantly distinct metabolites from the serum and urine, respectively. The 12 bioavailable SZD-PRM, such as luteolin, apigenin, and rutin, may be associated with various CAS-altered metabolites related to tryptophan metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycine metabolism, etc. Discussion: A novel paradigm was provided in this study to identify the potential mechanisms of pharmacological effects derived from a traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yujiao Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Comprehensive Support Center, Arongqi Medical Security Bureau, Hulunbuir, China
| | - Ronghong Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Xichong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yanqiong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | | | - Bo Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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13
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Sindhu R, Supreeth M, Prasad SK, Thanmaya M. Shuttle between arginine and lysine: influence on cancer immunonutrition. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1461-1473. [PMID: 37728630 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids which are essential nutrients for all cell types' survival are also recognised to serve as opportunistic/alternative fuels in cancers auxotrophic for specific amino acids. Accordingly, restriction of amino acids has been utilised as a therapeutic strategy in these cancers. Contrastingly, amino acid deficiencies in cancer are found to greatly impair immune functions, increasing mortality and morbidity rates. Dietary and supplemental amino acids in such conditions have revealed their importance as 'immunonutrients' by modulating cellular homeostasis processes and halting malignant progression. L-arginine specifically has attracted interest as an immunonutrient by acting as a nodal regulator of immune responses linked to carcinogenesis processes through its versatile signalling molecule, nitric oxide (NO). The quantum of NO generated directly influences the cytotoxic and cytostatic processes of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. However, L-lysine, a CAT transporter competitor for arginine effectively limits arginine input at high L-lysine concentrations by limiting arginine-mediated effects. The phenomenon of arginine-lysine antagonism can, therefore, be hypothesised to influence the immunonutritional effects exerted by arginine. The review highlights aspects of lysine's interference with arginine-mediated NO generation and its consequences on immunonutritional and anti-cancer effects, and discusses possible alternatives to manage the condition. However, further research that considers monitoring lysine levels in arginine immunonutritional therapy is essential to conclude the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India.
| | - M Supreeth
- Department of Microbiology, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashanka K Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - M Thanmaya
- Department of Microbiology, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
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14
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Hu N, Mao P, Xiong X, Ma Z, Xie Z, Gao M, Wu Q, Ma W. Effect of N-Carbamylglutamate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Jejunal Morphology, Amino Acid Transporters, and Antioxidant Ability of Weaned Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3183. [PMID: 37893907 PMCID: PMC10603668 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Weaning is an important period that affects the performance of piglets. However, the regulation of dietary amino acid levels is considered to be an effective way to alleviate the weaning stress of piglets. N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) plays an important role in improving the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of animals. A total of 36 weaned piglets were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, a control group (CON) and a 500 mg/kg NCG group (NCG), and the experiment lasted for 28 days. The results show that the NCG treatment group showed an increased 0-28 days average weight gain and average daily feed intake, and also increased contents of GLU and HDL, and lower SUN in serum, and an upregulation of the expression of the amino acid transporters SNAT2, EAAC1, SLC3A1, and SLC3A2 mRNA in the jejunum (p < 0.05), as well as an increased villus length and VH:CD ratio, and claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 mRNA expression in the jejunum (p < 0.05). The NCG treatment group showed an increased content of GSH-Px in serum and T-AOC and SOD in the jejunum, and a lower content of MDA (p < 0.05); and the upregulation of the mRNA expression related to antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD1, Gpx4, GCLC, GCLM and Nrf2, AhR, CYP1A1) in the jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the NCG treatment group saw an upregulation in the mRNA expression of IL-10 and a decrease in the expression of IL-1β and IL-4 in the jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). In summary, the results of this study suggest that NCG improved growth performance and jejunal morphology, improved the jejunal transport of amino acids related to the ornithine cycle, and improved the antioxidant capacity in weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenfeng Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; (N.H.); (P.M.); (X.X.); (Z.M.); (Z.X.); (M.G.); (Q.W.)
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15
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Cardenas D, Ochoa Gautier JB. No easy shortcuts in the science of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:2084-2085. [PMID: 37453835 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
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16
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Balcik-Ercin P, Ekineker G, Salik N, Aydoğdu B, Yagci T, Göksel M. Arginine mediated photodynamic therapy with silicon(IV) phthalocyanine photosensitizers. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 43:103667. [PMID: 37355078 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we synthesized a new SiPc derivative conjugated with arginine at the axial positions, for a novel phthalocyanine-based photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications in cancer cells. Axially-di-arginine substituted new silicon(IV) phthalocyanine photosensitizer (PS-5a) has been thoroughly researched for its anti-cancer properties. Various spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize this conjugate, including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis, and MS spectral data. The in vitro PDT activities of the conjugate on cancer cells were tested through its cytotoxic, clonogenic, apoptotic effects on, and its capacity to induce DNA damage, and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cell lines (liver; HuH-7, cervix; HeLa and breast; MCF7). Cancer cells exposed to the light illumination following uptake of the PS-5a as a photosensitizer revealed DNA breakage and collapsed mitochondrial membrane potential. The results of the present investigation demonstrate that PS-5a has a significant photo-cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. So, axially-di-arginine substituted silicon(IV) phthalocyanine could be an effective PDT agent for PDT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Balcik-Ercin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli 41400, Turkiye; Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir 35390, Turkiye
| | - Gülçin Ekineker
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkiye; Health Services Vocational College, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkiye
| | - Nazlı Salik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli 41400, Turkiye
| | - Bahar Aydoğdu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkiye
| | - Tamer Yagci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli 41400, Turkiye
| | - Meltem Göksel
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkiye.
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17
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Katoch O, Ungalara R, Kaminski T, Li Z, Dubey RK, Burholt I, Gudapati S, Pradhan-Sundd T. Long-Term L-Glutamine Treatment Reduces Hemolysis without Ameliorating Hepatic Vaso-Occlusion and Liver Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Sickle Cell Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2412. [PMID: 37760853 PMCID: PMC10526062 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive monogenic disorder caused by a homozygous mutation in the β-globin gene, which leads to erythrocyte sickling, hemolysis, vaso-occlusion, and sterile inflammation. The administration of oral L-glutamine has been shown to reduce the frequency of pain in SCD patients; however, the long-term effect of L-glutamine in SCD remains to be determined. To understand the long-term effect of L-glutamine administration in the liver we used quantitative liver intravital microscopy and biochemical analysis in humanized SCD mice. We here show that chronic L-glutamine administration reduces hepatic hemoglobin-heme-iron levels but fails to ameliorate ischemic liver injury. Remarkably, we found that this failure in the resolution of hepatobiliary injury and persistent liver fibrosis is associated with the reduced expression of hepatic Kupffer cells post-L-glutamine treatment. These findings establish the importance of investigating the long-term effects of L-glutamine therapy on liver pathophysiology in SCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omika Katoch
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Ungalara
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tomasz Kaminski
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ziming Li
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Rikesh K. Dubey
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Isabella Burholt
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Shweta Gudapati
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tirthadipa Pradhan-Sundd
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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18
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Khattab RH, Abo-Hammam RH, Salah M, Hanora AM, Shabayek S, Zakeer S. Multi-omics analysis of fecal samples in colorectal cancer Egyptians patients: a pilot study. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37644393 PMCID: PMC10464353 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02991-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a public health concern and the second most common disease worldwide. This is due to genetic coding and is influenced by environmental aspects, in which the gut microbiota plays a significant role. The purpose of this study was to compare the microbiota makeup of CRC patients with that of healthy control and to identify upregulated and downregulated proteins and metabolites in CRC patients. Using a next-generation sequencing approach, fecal samples of five females (4 CRC patients and one healthy control) were analyzed by BGI DNBSEQ-T7, Hong Kong, China. Furthermore, proteomics and metabolomics analysis were performed using LC-MS/MS technique. RESULTS Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been observed in patients with CRC, with an increase in microbiota diversity at all taxonomic levels relative to healthy control. Where, at the functional level the bacterial species participate in many different pathways among them de novo nucleotide synthesis and amino acids pathways were aberrantly upregulated in CRC patients. Proteomics and metabolomics profiles of CRC patients showed different proteins and metabolites, a total of 360 and 158 proteins and metabolites, respectively were highly expressed compared to healthy control with fold change ≥ 1.2. Among the highly expressed proteins were transketolase, sushi domain-containing protein, sulfide quinone oxidoreductase protein, AAA family ATPase protein, carbonic anhydrase, IgG Fc-binding protein, nucleoside diphosphate kinase protein, arylsulfatase, alkaline phosphatase protein, phosphoglycerate kinase, protein kinase domain-containing protein, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, Acyl-CoA synthetase and EF-hand domain-containing protein. Some of the differential metabolites, Taurine, Taurocholic acid, 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, Glycochenodeoxycholic acid, Glycocholic acid, and Taurochenodeoxycholic acid that belong to bile acids metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Some bacterial species, proteins, and metabolites could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC. Our study paves an insight into using multi-omics technology to address the relationship between gut microbiota and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa H Khattab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Al-Salam University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rana H Abo-Hammam
- Forensic toxicologist and narcotics expert, Ministry of Justice, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Salah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Amro M Hanora
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Sarah Shabayek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samira Zakeer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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He R, Gao S, Yao H, Zhao Z, Tong J, Zhang H. Mechanism of Metabolic Response to Hepatectomy by Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiota, Metabolomics, and Proteomics. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0206722. [PMID: 37036349 PMCID: PMC10269556 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02067-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatectomy is a common clinical procedure for the treatment of many liver diseases, and the successful recovery of a patient's liver metabolism and function after surgery is crucial for a good prognosis. The objective of this study was to elucidate the metabolic response to hepatectomy using high-throughput sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene, metabolomics, and proteomics data. Fecal and serum samples from beagle dogs were collected on day 0 (LH0), day 7 (LH7), and day 28 (LH28) after laparoscopic partial hepatectomy. Liver tissue samples were taken on LH0 and LH7. Dysbiosis in the fecal microbiota was explored, and host-microbiome interactions based on global metabolic and protein profiles and inflammatory processes were determined. Results showed that the relative abundance of Allobaculum and Turicibacter was decreased and that of Escherichia-Shigella was increased after hepatectomy (P < 0.05); the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthetic pathway, along with the phenylalanine and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthetic pathway, was significantly associated with liver injury. The serum metabolites l-phenylalanine and l-arginine were useful as biomarkers, and the fecal metabolite l-threonine was a signature target monitor for liver recovery. The proteomics profile revealed 412 significantly different proteins and further highlighted two key signaling pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK] and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR]) involved in the response to liver injury. We systematically explored the metabolic mechanism of liver injury and recovery, providing new insights into effective ways to promote recovery after hepatectomy and improve liver function and long-term survival. These fundamental studies on hepatectomy will provide the basis for future advances in treatment and recovery from common liver diseases. IMPORTANCE As the largest parenchymal organ, the liver is a target for bacterial and viral infections, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, cancer, and many other diseases, constituting a serious worldwide problem. The treatment for many of these diseases involves hepatectomy. Here, we show that aberrant inflammatory processes after hepatectomy of the liver as reflected in the association between liver metabolism and gut microbiota create a grave risk. This study investigated the mechanisms of gut microbiota and host metabolism involved in liver injury and recovery after hepatectomy, using proteomics to reveal the mechanisms of postoperative liver injury and a comprehensive multi-omics approach to identify changes in metabolism after hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxuan He
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Yao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Tong
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Amleh A, Chen HP, Watad L, Abramovich I, Agranovich B, Gottlieb E, Ben-Dov IZ, Nechama M, Volovelsky O. Arginine depletion attenuates renal cystogenesis in tuberous sclerosis complex model. Cell Rep Med 2023:101073. [PMID: 37290438 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cystic kidney disease is a leading cause of morbidity in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). We characterize the misregulated metabolic pathways using cell lines, a TSC mouse model, and human kidney sections. Our study reveals a substantial perturbation in the arginine biosynthesis pathway in TSC models with overexpression of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1). The rise in ASS1 expression is dependent on the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity. Arginine depletion prevents mTORC1 hyperactivation and cell cycle progression and averts cystogenic signaling overexpression of c-Myc and P65. Accordingly, an arginine-depleted diet substantially reduces the TSC cystic load in mice, indicating the potential therapeutic effects of arginine deprivation for the treatment of TSC-associated kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar Amleh
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadass Pri Chen
- Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Nephrology, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lana Watad
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ifat Abramovich
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bella Agranovich
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Iddo Z Ben-Dov
- Department of Nephrology, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Laboratory of Medical Transcriptomics, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension and Internal Medicine B, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Morris Nechama
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Oded Volovelsky
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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21
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Santos AR, Koike TE, Santana AM, Miranda NC, Dell Aquila RA, Silva TC, Aoki MS, Miyabara EH. Glutamine supplementation accelerates functional recovery of EDL muscles after injury by modulating the expression of S100 calcium-binding proteins. Histochem Cell Biol 2023:10.1007/s00418-023-02194-5. [PMID: 37179509 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of glutamine supplementation on the expression of HSP70 and the calcium-binding proteins from the S100 superfamily in the recovering extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle after injury. Two-month-old Wistar rats were subjected to cryolesion of the EDL muscle and then randomly divided into two groups (with or without glutamine supplementation). Starting immediately after the injury, the supplemented group received daily doses of glutamine (1 g/kg/day, via gavage) for 3 and 10 days orally. Then, muscles were subjected to histological, molecular, and functional analysis. Glutamine supplementation induced an increase in myofiber size of regenerating EDL muscles and prevented the decline in maximum tetanic strength of these muscles evaluated 10 days after injury. An accelerated upregulation of myogenin mRNA levels was detected in glutamine-supplemented injured muscles on day 3 post-cryolesion. The HSP70 expression increased only in the injured group supplemented with glutamine for 3 days. The increase in mRNA levels of NF-κB, the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, and the calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9 on day 3 post-cryolesion in EDL muscles was attenuated by glutamine supplementation. In contrast, the decrease in S100A1 mRNA levels in the 3-day-injured EDL muscles was minimized by glutamine supplementation. Overall, our results suggest that glutamine supplementation accelerates the recovery of myofiber size and contractile function after injury by modulating the expression of myogenin, HSP70, NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and S100 calcium-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrei R Santos
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiana E Koike
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alana M Santana
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Natalya C Miranda
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Dell Aquila
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago C Silva
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Aoki
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Elen H Miyabara
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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22
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Imanzadeh H, Sefid-Sefidehkhan Y, Afshary H, Afruz A, Amiri M. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors for detection of amino acids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 230:115390. [PMID: 37079932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and muscle tissue. They also play a significant role in physiological processes related to energy, recovery, mood, muscle and brain function, fat burning and stimulating growth hormone or insulin secretion. Accurate determination of amino acids in biological fluids is necessary because any changes in their normal ranges in the body warn diseases like kidney disease, liver disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer. To date, many methods such as liquid chromatography, fluorescence mass spectrometry, etc. have been used for the determination of amino acids. Compared with the above techniques, electrochemical systems using modified electrodes offer a rapid, accurate, cheap, real-time analytical path through simple operations with high selectivity and sensitivity. Nanomaterials have found many interests to create smart electrochemical sensors in different application fields e.g. biomedical, environmental, and food analysis because of their exceptional properties. This review summarizes recent advances in the development of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors in 2017-2022 for the detection of amino acids in various matrices such as serum, urine, blood and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Imanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Hosein Afshary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Afruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mandana Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
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23
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Castilla-Vallmanya L, Centeno-Pla M, Serrano M, Franco-Valls H, Martínez-Cabrera R, Prat-Planas A, Rojano E, Ranea JAG, Seoane P, Oliva C, Paredes-Fuentes AJ, Marfany G, Artuch R, Grinberg D, Rabionet R, Balcells S, Urreizti R. Advancing in Schaaf-Yang syndrome pathophysiology: from bedside to subcellular analyses of truncated MAGEL2. J Med Genet 2023; 60:406-415. [PMID: 36243518 PMCID: PMC10086475 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is caused by truncating mutations in MAGEL2, mapping to the Prader-Willi region (15q11-q13), with an observed phenotype partially overlapping that of Prader-Willi syndrome. MAGEL2 plays a role in retrograde transport and protein recycling regulation. Our aim is to contribute to the characterisation of SYS pathophysiology at clinical, genetic and molecular levels. METHODS We performed an extensive phenotypic and mutational revision of previously reported patients with SYS. We analysed the secretion levels of amyloid-β 1-40 peptide (Aβ1-40) and performed targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles in fibroblasts of patients with SYS (n=7) compared with controls (n=11). We also transfected cell lines with vectors encoding wild-type (WT) or mutated MAGEL2 to assess stability and subcellular localisation of the truncated protein. RESULTS Functional studies show significantly decreased levels of secreted Aβ1-40 and intracellular glutamine in SYS fibroblasts compared with WT. We also identified 132 differentially expressed genes, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as HOTAIR, and many of them related to developmental processes and mitotic mechanisms. The truncated form of MAGEL2 displayed a stability similar to the WT but it was significantly switched to the nucleus, compared with a mainly cytoplasmic distribution of the WT MAGEL2. Based on the updated knowledge, we offer guidelines for the clinical management of patients with SYS. CONCLUSION A truncated MAGEL2 protein is stable and localises mainly in the nucleus, where it might exert a pathogenic neomorphic effect. Aβ1-40 secretion levels and HOTAIR mRNA levels might be promising biomarkers for SYS. Our findings may improve SYS understanding and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castilla-Vallmanya
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Centeno-Pla
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Serrano
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Héctor Franco-Valls
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Martínez-Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Prat-Planas
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rojano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan A G Ranea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Seoane
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Clara Oliva
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abraham J Paredes-Fuentes
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Rabionet
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanna Balcells
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Urreizti
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Uyanga VA, Sun L, Liu Y, Zhang M, Zhao J, Wang X, Jiao H, Onagbesan OM, Lin H. Effects of arginine replacement with L-citrulline on the arginine/nitric oxide metabolism in chickens: An animal model without urea cycle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:9. [PMID: 36721201 PMCID: PMC9890773 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00817-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the efficacy of L-citrulline supplementation on the arginine/nitric oxide metabolism, and intestinal functions of broilers during arginine deficiency. A total of 288 day-old Arbor Acre broilers were randomly assigned to either an arginine deficient basal diet (NC diet), NC diet + 0.50% L-arginine (PC diet), or NC diet + 0.50% L-citrulline (NCL diet). Production performance was recorded, and at 21 days old, chickens were euthanized for tissue collection. RESULTS The dietary treatments did not affect the growth performance of broilers (P > 0.05), although NC diet increased the plasma alanine aminotransferase, urate, and several amino acids, except arginine (P < 0.05). In contrast, NCL diet elevated the arginine and ornithine concentration higher than NC diet, and it increased the plasma citrulline greater than the PC diet (P < 0.05). The nitric oxide concentration in the kidney and liver tissues, along with the plasma and liver eNOS activities were promoted by NCL diet higher than PC diet (P < 0.05). In the liver, the activities of arginase 1, ASS, and ASL, as well as, the gene expression of iNOS and OTC were induced by PC diet greater than NC diet (P < 0.05). In the kidney, the arginase 1, ASS and ASL enzymes were also increased by PC diet significantly higher than the NC and NCL diets. Comparatively, the kidney had higher abundance of nNOS, ASS, ARG2, and OTC genes than the liver tissue (P < 0.05). In addition, NCL diet upregulated (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of intestinal nutrient transporters (EAAT3 and PEPT1), tight junction proteins (Claudin 1 and Occludin), and intestinal mucosal defense (MUC2 and pIgR). The intestinal morphology revealed that both PC and NCL diets improved (P < 0.05) the ileal VH/CD ratio and the jejunal VH and VH/CD ratio compared to the NC fed broilers. CONCLUSION This study revealed that NCL diet supported arginine metabolism, nitric oxide synthesis, and promoted the intestinal function of broilers. Thus, L-citrulline may serve as a partial arginine replacement in broiler's diet without detrimental impacts on the performance, arginine metabolism and gut health of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Anthony Uyanga
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Lijing Sun
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Yu Liu
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Meiming Zhang
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
| | - Okanlawon M. Onagbesan
- grid.448723.eDepartment of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Ogun State, Abeokuta P.M.B, 2240 Nigeria
| | - Hai Lin
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an City, Shandong Province, 271018 China
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25
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Brown M, Anheyer D, Morris CR. Special issue: Pediatric pain and sickle cell disease. Complement Ther Med 2022; 71:102880. [PMID: 36031024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dennis Anheyer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken-Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia R Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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26
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Chai H, Gu Q, Robertson DL, Hughes J. Defining the characteristics of interferon-alpha-stimulated human genes: insight from expression data and machine learning. Gigascience 2022; 11:6833046. [PMID: 36399061 PMCID: PMC9673497 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A virus-infected cell triggers a signalling cascade, resulting in the secretion of interferons (IFNs), which in turn induces the upregulation of the IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that play a role in antipathogen host defence. Here, we conducted analyses on large-scale data relating to evolutionary gene expression, sequence composition, and network properties to elucidate factors associated with the stimulation of human genes in response to IFN-α. RESULTS We find that ISGs are less evolutionary conserved than genes that are not significantly stimulated in IFN experiments (non-ISGs). ISGs show obvious depletion of GC content in the coding region. This influences the representation of some compositions following the translation process. IFN-repressed human genes (IRGs), downregulated genes in IFN experiments, can have similar properties to the ISGs. Additionally, we design a machine learning framework integrating the support vector machine and novel feature selection algorithm that achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.7455 for ISG prediction. Its application in other IFN systems suggests the similarity between the ISGs triggered by type I and III IFNs. CONCLUSIONS ISGs have some unique properties that make them different from the non-ISGs. The representation of some properties has a strong correlation with gene expression following IFN-α stimulation, which can be used as a predictive feature in machine learning. Our model predicts several genes as putative ISGs that so far have shown no significant differential expression when stimulated with IFN-α in the cell/tissue types in the available databases. A web server implementing our method is accessible at http://isgpre.cvr.gla.ac.uk/. The docker image at https://hub.docker.com/r/hchai01/isgpre can be downloaded to reproduce the prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiting Chai
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Sir Michael Stoker Building, Garscube Campus, Campus, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Quan Gu
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Sir Michael Stoker Building, Garscube Campus, Campus, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - David L Robertson
- Correspondence address. David L. Robertson, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Sir Michael Stoker Building, Garscube Campus, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, Scotland, UK, E-mail:
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27
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Heming N, Carlier R, Prigent H, Mekki A, Jousset C, Lofaso F, Ambrosi X, Bounab R, Maxime V, Mansart A, Crenn P, Moine P, Foltzer F, Cuenoud B, Konz T, Corthesy J, Beaumont M, Hartweg M, Roessle C, Preiser JC, Breuillé D, Annane D. Effect of an enteral amino acid blend on muscle and gut functionality in critically ill patients: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. Crit Care 2022; 26:358. [PMCID: PMC9670468 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A defining feature of prolonged critical illness is muscle wasting, leading to impaired recovery. Supplementation with a tailored blend of amino acids may bolster the innate gut defence, promote intestinal mucosa repair and limit muscle loss. Methods This was a monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that included patients with sepsis or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients received a specific combination of five amino acids or placebo mixed with enteral feeding for 21 days. Markers of renal function, gut barrier structure and functionality were collected at baseline and 1, 2, 3 and 8 weeks after randomization. Muscle structure and function were assessed through MRI measurements of the anterior quadriceps volume and by twitch airway pressure. Data were compared between groups relative to the baseline. Results Thirty-five critically ill patients were randomized. The amino acid blend did not impair urine output, blood creatinine levels or creatinine clearance. Plasma citrulline levels increased significantly along the treatment period in the amino acid group (difference in means [95% CI] 5.86 [1.72; 10.00] nmol/mL P = 0.007). Alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were lower in the amino acid group than in the placebo group at one week (ratio of means 0.5 [0.29; 0.86] (P = 0.015) and 0.73 [0.57; 0.94] (P = 0.015), respectively). Twitch airway pressure and volume of the anterior quadriceps were greater in the amino acid group than in the placebo group 3 weeks after randomization (difference in means 10.6 [0.99; 20.20] cmH20 (P = 0.035) and 3.12 [0.5; 5.73] cm3/kg (P = 0.022), respectively). Conclusions Amino acid supplementation increased plasma citrulline levels, reduced alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, and improved twitch airway pressure and anterior quadriceps volume. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02968836. Registered November 21, 2016. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13054-022-04232-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Heming
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, University Paris Saclay, 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation - U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, INSERM, University Versailles Saint Quentin - University Paris Saclay, Garches, France ,FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France ,RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD Resistant or Sensitive Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France
| | - Robert Carlier
- grid.414291.bDepartment of Radiology, APHP, DMU Smart Imaging, GH Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France ,grid.12832.3a0000 0001 2323 0229UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone-Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Helene Prigent
- grid.414291.bDepartment of Physiology-AP-HP, Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, Garches, France ,grid.12832.3a0000 0001 2323 0229UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone-Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Ahmed Mekki
- grid.414291.bDepartment of Radiology, APHP, DMU Smart Imaging, GH Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France ,grid.12832.3a0000 0001 2323 0229UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone-Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Camille Jousset
- grid.414291.bDepartment of Radiology, APHP, DMU Smart Imaging, GH Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France ,grid.12832.3a0000 0001 2323 0229UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone-Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Frederic Lofaso
- grid.414291.bDepartment of Physiology-AP-HP, Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, Garches, France ,grid.12832.3a0000 0001 2323 0229UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone-Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Xavier Ambrosi
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, University Paris Saclay, 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France ,grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Rania Bounab
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, University Paris Saclay, 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Virginie Maxime
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, University Paris Saclay, 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Arnaud Mansart
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation - U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, INSERM, University Versailles Saint Quentin - University Paris Saclay, Garches, France ,FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France ,RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD Resistant or Sensitive Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France
| | - Pascal Crenn
- grid.12832.3a0000 0001 2323 0229UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone-Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France ,grid.414291.bClinical Nutrition Unit and FHU Hepatinov, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, APHP Université Paris Saclay, Garches, France
| | - Pierre Moine
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, University Paris Saclay, 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation - U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, INSERM, University Versailles Saint Quentin - University Paris Saclay, Garches, France ,FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France ,RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD Resistant or Sensitive Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France
| | - Fabien Foltzer
- Nestlé Research, Société de Produits de Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Cuenoud
- Translation Research, Nestlé Health Science, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Konz
- Nestlé Research, Société de Produits de Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Corthesy
- Nestlé Research, Société de Produits de Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Beaumont
- Nestlé Research, Société de Produits de Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Hartweg
- Nestlé Research, Société de Produits de Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Roessle
- Translation Research, Nestlé Health Science, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Charles Preiser
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Nutrition Team, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denis Breuillé
- Nestlé Research, Société de Produits de Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Djillali Annane
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, University Paris Saclay, 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation - U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil, INSERM, University Versailles Saint Quentin - University Paris Saclay, Garches, France ,FHU SEPSIS (Saclay and Paris Seine Nord Endeavour to PerSonalize Interventions for Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France ,RHU RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of CORticosteroiD Resistant or Sensitive Sepsis), 92380 Garches, France
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Robertson HL, Michel C, Bartl L, Hamilton-Reeves JM. Sarcopenia in urologic oncology: Identification and strategies to improve patient outcomes. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:474-480. [PMID: 32456854 PMCID: PMC7683358 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and function related to aging, undereating, disease conditions, or inactivity. Pre-existing sarcopenia diminishes the functional reserve of patients with cancer which increases their risk for frailty, cancer cachexia, and worse outcomes from treatments. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is multi-factorial: opening opportunities for clinicians to work across disciplines to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to describe sarcopenia, discuss clinical screening and assessment for sarcopenia, and highlight potential interventions to manage sarcopenia in the urologic oncology population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary L Robertson
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Carrie Michel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Lucas Bartl
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Ahmed RF, Nasr M, Abd Elbaset M, Hussein AF, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Shafee N, Shabana ME. Combating hematopoietic and hepatocellular abnormalities resulting from administration of cisplatin: Role of liver targeted glycyrrhetinic acid nanoliposomes loaded with amino acids. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:925-941. [PMID: 36168910 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of cisplatin in cancer treatment renders its use vital to clinicians. However, the accompanying side effects as cachexia, emesis and liver damage necessitate the use of a dietary supplement which is capable of hindering such undesirable complications. The branched chain amino acids as well as glutamine and arginine have been proven to be effective nutritional co-adjuvant therapeutic agents. Furthermore, new pharmaceutical approaches encompass designing organ-targeted nanoformulations to increase the medicinal efficacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of liver-targeted amino acids-loaded nanoliposomes in counteracting the adverse hematopoietic and hepatic complications associated with cisplatin. Results revealed the use of the combination of two nanoliposomal formulations (one loading leucine + isolecuine + valine, and the other loading glutamine and arginine) given orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg for twelve days was effective against cisplatin-induced toxicities represented by improvement in the complete blood picture parameters, decrease in the serum hepatic enzymes levels, amelioration of the hepatic oxidative stress and cellular energy imbalance along with reduction in the histopathological abnormalities. It can be concluded that amino acids loaded nanoliposomes could be considered a new strategy in preventing cisplatin's adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abd Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa F Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, 12553, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nermin Shafee
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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30
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Walter PB, Hohman LS, Rokeby A, Lum JJ, Hagar R, Lavrisha L, Saulys A, Kuypers FA, Vichinsky E, Morris CR. The effects of glutamine supplementation on markers of apoptosis and autophagy in sickle cell disease peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Complement Ther Med 2022; 70:102856. [PMID: 35843474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES L-Glutamine was FDA-approved for sickle cell disease (SCD) in 2017, yet the mechanism(s)-of-action are poorly understood. This study investigates the potential activation of autophagy as a previously unexplored mechanism-of-benefit. DESIGN Prospective, open-label, 8-week, phase-2 trial of oral L-glutamine (10 g TID) in patients with SCD at risk for pulmonary hypertension identified by Doppler-echocardiography by an elevated tricuspid-regurgitant-jet-velocity (TRV)≥ 2.5 m/s. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood samples taken from SCD patients at baseline, two, four, six and eight weeks of glutamine therapy, and from controls at baseline; BAX (pro-apoptotic marker) and LC3-II/LC3-I (autophagy marker) were measured via western blot analysis to assess apoptosis and autophagy respectively. SETTING Comprehensive SCD Center in Oakland, California. RESULTS Patients with SCD (n = 8) had a mean age of 44 ± 16, 50% were male; 63% Hb-SS, and mean TRV= 3.1 ± 0.7 m/s. Controls' mean age (n = 5) was 32 ± 12% and 57% were male; all were Hb-AA with a mean TRV= 1.8 ± 0.6. At baseline, SCD-PBMCs had 2-times higher levels of BAX and LC3-I versus controls (both p = 0.03). Levels of BAX expression increased by 300% after 8-weeks of glutamine supplementation (p = 0.005); LC3-I protein levels decreased while LC3-II levels increased by 70%, giving a significant increase in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION PBMCs from glutamine-supplemented SCD patients have upregulated apoptotic and autophagy proteins. The parallel increase in BAX and the LC3-II / LC3-I ratio with glutamine supplementation suggest a possible role of autophagic cell death. The increase in apoptotic markers provide insight into a possible mechanism used by peripheral PBMCs during glutamine supplementation in patients with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Walter
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA; Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Leah S Hohman
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Departments of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew Rokeby
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Julian J Lum
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Robert Hagar
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Lavrisha
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Augusta Saulys
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Frans A Kuypers
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Elliott Vichinsky
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Claudia R Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Onalo R, Cilliers A, Cooper P, Morris CR. Arginine Therapy and Cardiopulmonary Hemodynamics in Hospitalized Children with Sickle Cell Anemia: A Prospective, Double-blinded, Randomized Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:70-80. [PMID: 35426778 PMCID: PMC9954326 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202108-1930oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Acute changes in cardiopulmonary hemodynamics that include tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV) elevation measured by Doppler echocardiography are often encountered during sickle cell vasoocclusive pain and acute chest syndrome (ACS). Arginine and nitric oxide depletion develop in patients with these complications. Arginine administration may therefore improve nitric oxide bioavailability and potentiate pulmonary vasodilatation. Objectives: To evaluate effects of l-arginine supplementation on Doppler indices of cardiopulmonary hemodynamics in children with sickle cell anemia experiencing pain. Methods: This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial of oral arginine in children with sickle cell anemia age 5-17 years hospitalized with severe pain and/or ACS. Measurements and Main Results: Blood biomarkers and Doppler echocardiographic indices of cardiopulmonary hemodynamics were measured before and after supplementation. The mean change in TRV, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, and other indices of cardiopulmonary hemodynamics were tested with paired Student's t test and correlated with markers of arginine bioavailability using Pearson correlation. Sixty-six children were randomized into arginine versus placebo groups. An elevated TRV ⩾ 2.5 m/s was seen in 40 (61%) patients. A Day 5 Doppler echocardiogram was performed in 47 patients who remained hospitalized. A greater reduction in median TRV occurred in the arginine group than placebo (22.2%, n = 22 vs. 3.8%, n = 25; p < 0.01). A larger percentage increase in global arginine bioavailability was associated with a lower TRV after 5 days of supplementation (r = -0.533; P = 0.001). Significant differences in multiple indices of cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and mean N-terminal pro B-type brain natriuretic peptide were also noted after arginine therapy. Conclusions: Oral arginine supplementation improves cardiopulmonary hemodynamics during sickle cell disease vasoocclusive pain and ACS.Clinical trial registered with Pan African Clinical Trial Registry https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/Search.aspx (PACTR201611001864290).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Onalo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Antoinette Cilliers
- Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, and
| | - Peter Cooper
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Claudia R. Morris
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;,Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia; and,Center for Clinical and Translational Research of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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O'Brien NF, Fonseca Y, Johnson HC, Postels D, Birbeck GL, Chimalizeni Y, Seydel KB, Bernard Gushu M, Phiri T, June S, Chetcuti K, Vidal L, Goyal MS, Taylor TE. Mechanisms of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound phenotypes in paediatric cerebral malaria remain elusive. Malar J 2022; 21:196. [PMID: 35729574 PMCID: PMC9210743 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral malaria (CM) results in significant paediatric death and neurodisability in sub-Saharan Africa. Several different alterations to typical Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) flow velocities and waveforms in CM have been described, but mechanistic contributors to these abnormalities are unknown. If identified, targeted, TCD-guided adjunctive therapy in CM may improve outcomes. Methods This was a prospective, observational study of children 6 months to 12 years with CM in Blantyre, Malawi recruited between January 2018 and June 2021. Medical history, physical examination, laboratory analysis, electroencephalogram, and magnetic resonance imaging were undertaken on presentation. Admission TCD results determined phenotypic grouping following a priori definitions. Evaluation of the relationship between haemodynamic, metabolic, or intracranial perturbations that lead to these observed phenotypes in other diseases was undertaken. Neurological outcomes at hospital discharge were evaluated using the Paediatric Cerebral Performance Categorization (PCPC) score. Results One hundred seventy-four patients were enrolled. Seven (4%) had a normal TCD examination, 57 (33%) met criteria for hyperaemia, 50 (29%) for low flow, 14 (8%) for microvascular obstruction, 11 (6%) for vasospasm, and 35 (20%) for isolated posterior circulation high flow. A lower cardiac index (CI) and higher systemic vascular resistive index (SVRI) were present in those with low flow than other groups (p < 0.003), though these values are normal for age (CI 4.4 [3.7,5] l/min/m2, SVRI 1552 [1197,1961] dscm-5m2). Other parameters were largely not significantly different between phenotypes. Overall, 118 children (68%) had a good neurological outcome. Twenty-three (13%) died, and 33 (19%) had neurological deficits. Outcomes were best for participants with hyperaemia and isolated posterior high flow (PCPC 1–2 in 77 and 89% respectively). Participants with low flow had the least likelihood of a good outcome (PCPC 1–2 in 42%) (p < 0.001). Cerebral autoregulation was significantly better in children with good outcome (transient hyperemic response ratio (THRR) 1.12 [1.04,1.2]) compared to a poor outcome (THRR 1.05 [0.98,1.02], p = 0.05). Conclusions Common pathophysiological mechanisms leading to TCD phenotypes in non-malarial illness are not causative in children with CM. Alternative mechanistic contributors, including mechanical factors of the cerebrovasculature and biologically active regulators of vascular tone should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole F O'Brien
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43502, USA.
| | - Yudy Fonseca
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43502, USA
| | - Hunter C Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43502, USA
| | - Douglas Postels
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University/Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gretchen L Birbeck
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,University Teaching Hospitals Children's Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Yamikani Chimalizeni
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Karl B Seydel
- Dept of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Montfort Bernard Gushu
- Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, The Blantyre Malaria Project, Private Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Tusekile Phiri
- Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, The Blantyre Malaria Project, Private Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Sylvester June
- Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, The Blantyre Malaria Project, Private Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Karen Chetcuti
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | - Lorenna Vidal
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Manu S Goyal
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Terrie E Taylor
- Dept of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Metabolomic Profiling of Samples from Pediatric Asthma Patients Unveils Deficient Nutrients in African Americans. iScience 2022; 25:104650. [PMID: 35811841 PMCID: PMC9263988 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma metabolomics represents a potentially powerful approach to understand the biochemical mechanisms of nutrition and metabolism in asthma. This study aims to acquire knowledge on plasma metabolites in asthma, which may provide avenues for nutrition therapy, as well as explanations for the observed effects in existing therapies. This study investigated 249 metabolites from 18 metabolite groups in a large cohort of African American population, including 602 pediatric patients with asthma and 593 controls, using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics platform. Decreased levels of citrate, ketone bodies, and two amino acids histidine (His) and glutamine (Gln), were observed in asthma cases compared to controls. Metabolites for lipid metabolism lost significance after controlling for comorbid obesity. For the first time, this study depicts a broad panorama of lipid metabolism and nutrition in asthma. Supplementation or augmentation of nutrients that are deficient may be beneficial for asthma care. Asthma is a major health issue in African Americans Metabolomics represents a powerful approach to understand the metabolism in asthma We observed decreased citrate, ketone bodies, and amino acids in the plasma Supplementation of nutrients that are deficient may be beneficial for asthma care
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34
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Lomova NA, Chagovets VV, Dolgopolova EL, Novoselova AV, Petrova UL, Shmakov RG, Frankevich VE. Altered amino acid profiles of the “mother–fetus” system in COVID-19. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic nature of the human body response to SARS-CoV-2 requires dedicated analysis at the molecular level. COVID-19 during pregnancy affects maternal health and may entail complications in the early neonatal period and possibly long-term consequences for the offspring. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on amino acid profiles in maternal venous blood, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood in order to develop a diagnostic panel accounting for possible consequences. The main group included 29 pregnant patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and the control group included 17 somatically healthy pregnant women. Amino acid profiles of the biological fluids were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography combined to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and assessed in logistic regression models. The analysis revealed altered content of certain amino acids, their biosynthetic precursors and metabolites in the biological fluids collected from patients with COVID-19 possibly reflecting the development of systemic inflammatory reaction and associated changes in gene expression profiles. These findings may guide further research into health outcomes for neonates born from mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. The study may help to develop advanced recommendations and differential care protocols for pregnant women and newborns diagnosed with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- NA Lomova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - VV Chagovets
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - EL Dolgopolova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - AV Novoselova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - UL Petrova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - RG Shmakov
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - VE Frankevich
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
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35
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Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang S, Wei L, Cheng H, Wang J, Wang J. Impacts and mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming of tumor microenvironment for immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:378. [PMID: 35444235 PMCID: PMC9021207 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders and abnormal immune function changes occur in tumor tissues and cells to varying degrees. There is increasing evidence that reprogrammed energy metabolism contributes to the development of tumor suppressive immune microenvironment and influences the course of gastric cancer (GC). Current studies have found that tumor microenvironment (TME) also has important clinicopathological significance in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Novel approaches targeting TME therapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), metabolic inhibitors and key enzymes of immune metabolism, have been involved in the treatment of GC. However, the interaction between GC cells metabolism and immune metabolism and how to make better use of these immunotherapy methods in the complex TME in GC are still being explored. Here, we discuss how metabolic reprogramming of GC cells and immune cells involved in GC immune responses modulate anti-tumor immune responses, as well as the effects of gastrointestinal flora in TME and GC. It is also proposed how to enhance anti-tumor immune response by understanding the targeted metabolism of these metabolic reprogramming to provide direction for the treatment and prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Lingyu Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.,Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Basic Research and Clinical Transformation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Hongbing Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.,Department of Microbiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Basic Research and Clinical Transformation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China. .,Department of Immunology, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
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36
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Dietary modification of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) activity in sepsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201396119. [PMID: 35290112 PMCID: PMC8944247 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201396119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Fitzpatrick AM, Mutic AD, Mohammad AF, Stephenson ST, Grunwell JR. Obesity Is Associated with Sustained Symptomatology and Unique Inflammatory Features in Children with Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:815-826.e2. [PMID: 34688962 PMCID: PMC8917992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity complicates the clinical manifestations of asthma in children. However, few studies have examined longitudinal outcomes or markers of systemic inflammation in obese asthmatic children. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that obese children with asthma would have: (1) poorer clinical outcomes over 12 months, (2) decreased responsiveness to systemic corticosteroid administration, (3) greater markers of systemic inflammation, and (4) unique amino acid metabolites associated with oxidative stress. METHODS Children 6 to 17 years of age (lean, N = 257; overweight, N = 99; obese, N = 138) completed a baseline visit and follow-up visit at 12 months. Outcome measures included asthma control, quality of life, lung function, and exacerbations. A subset received intramuscular triamcinolone and were re-evaluated at 7(+7) days. Leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1, and amino acid metabolites were also quantified in plasma as potential biomarkers of outcomes in obese children. RESULTS Obesity was associated with more symptoms, poorer quality life, and more exacerbations that persisted over 1 year despite greater medication requirements. Obese children also had minimal clinical improvement in asthma control and lung function after intramuscular triamcinolone. Leptin, C-reactive protein, and amino acid metabolites associated with glutathione synthesis and oxidative stress differed in obese children. Within the obese group, lower concentrations of arginine-related metabolites also distinguished uncontrolled from controlled asthma at 12 months. CONCLUSION Obesity is associated with poorer asthma outcomes and unique systemic inflammatory features that may not be adequately modified with conventional asthma therapies. Novel approaches may be needed given increased symptoms and unique inflammation and oxidative stress in obese children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Fitzpatrick
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia,Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Abby D. Mutic
- Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmad F. Mohammad
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susan T. Stephenson
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jocelyn R. Grunwell
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia,Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
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Characterization of the L-Arginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway and Oxidative Stress in Pediatric Patients with Atopic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042136. [PMID: 35216250 PMCID: PMC8878534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: L-Arginine (Arg) is a semi-essential amino acid. Constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms convert Arg to nitric oxide (NO), a potent vaso- and bronchodilator with multiple biological functions. Atopic dermatitis (AD) and bronchial asthma (BA) are atopic diseases affecting many children globally. Several studies analyzed NO in airways, yet the systemic synthesis of NO in AD and BA in children with BA, AD or both is elusive. Methods: In a multicenter study, blood and urine were obtained from 130 of 302 participating children for the measurement of metabolites of the Arg/NO pathway (BA 31.5%; AD 5.4%; AD + BA 36.1%; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 12.3%). In plasma and urine amino acids Arg and homoarginine (hArg), both substrates of NOS, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), both inhibitors of NOS, dimethylamine (DMA), and nitrite and nitrate, were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured in plasma and urine samples to evaluate possible effects of oxidative stress. Results: There were no differences in the Arg/NO pathway between the groups of children with different atopic diseases. In comparison to children with ADHD, children with AD, BA or AD and BA had higher plasma nitrite (p < 0.001) and nitrate (p < 0.001) concentrations, suggesting higher systemic NO synthesis in AD and BA. Urinary excretion of DMA was also higher (p = 0.028) in AD and BA compared to patients with ADHD, suggesting elevated ADMA metabolization. Discussion/Conclusion: The Arg/NO pathway is activated in atopic diseases independent of severity. Systemic NO synthesis is increased in children with an atopic disease. Plasma and urinary MDA levels did not differ between the groups, suggesting no effect of oxidative stress on the Arg/NO pathway in atopic diseases.
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Metabolomics of Synovial Fluid and Infrapatellar Fat Pad in Patients with Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2022; 45:1101-1117. [PMID: 35041143 PMCID: PMC9095531 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and autoimmune-driven rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are inflammatory joint diseases with complex and insufficiently understood pathogeneses. Our objective was to characterize the metabolic fingerprints of synovial fluid (SF) and its adjacent infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) obtained during the same surgical operation from OA and RA knees. Non-targeted metabolite profiling was performed for 5 non-inflammatory trauma controls, 10 primary OA (pOA) patients, and 10 seropositive RA patients with high-resolution mass spectrometry-based techniques, and metabolites were matched with known metabolite identities. Groupwise differences in metabolic features were analyzed with the univariate Welch’s t-test and the multivariate linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Significant discrimination of metabolite profiles was discovered by LDA for both SF and IFP and by PCA for SF based on diagnosis. In addition to a few drug-derived substances, there were 16 and 13 identified metabolites with significant differences between the diagnoses in SF and IFP, respectively. The pathways downregulated in RA included androgen, bile acid, amino acid, and histamine metabolism, and those upregulated included biotin metabolism in pOA and purine metabolism in RA and pOA. The RA-induced downregulation of androgen and bile acid metabolism was observed for both SF and IFP. The levels of 11 lipid metabolites, mostly glycerophospholipids and fatty acid amides, were also altered by these inflammatory conditions. The identified metabolic pathways could be utilized in the future to deepen our understanding of the pathogeneses of OA and RA and to develop not only biomarkers for their early diagnosis but also therapeutic targets.
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Morris CR, Kuypers FA, Hagar R, Larkin S, Lavrisha L, Saulys A, Vichinsky EP, Suh JH. Implications for the Metabolic Fate of Oral Glutamine Supplementation within Plasma and Erythrocytes of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Pharmacokinetics Study. Complement Ther Med 2022; 64:102803. [PMID: 35032556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES L-Glutamine is FDA-approved for sickle cell disease (SCD), yet the mechanism(s)-of-action are poorly understood. We performed a pharmacokinetics (pK) study to determine the metabolic fate of glutamine supplementation on plasma and erythrocyte amino acids in patients with SCD. DESIGN A pK study was performed where patients with SCD fasting for >8hours received oral L-glutamine (10 grams). Blood was analyzed at baseline, 30/60/90minutes/2/3/4/8 hrs. A standardized diet was administered to all participants at 3 established time-points (after 2/5/7hrs). A subset of patients also had pK studies performed without glutamine supplementation to follow normal diurnal fluctuations in amino acids. SETTING Comprehensive SCD Center in Oakland, California RESULTS: Five patients with SCD were included, three of whom performed pK studies both with and without glutamine supplementation. Average age was 50.6 ± 5.6 years, 60% were female, 40% SS, 60% SC. Plasma glutamine levels increased significantly after oral glutamine supplementation, compared to minimal fluctuations with diet. Plasma glutamine concentration peaked within 30-minutes of ingestion (p=0.01) before decreasing to a plateau by 2-hours that remained higher than baseline by 8hours. Oral glutamine also increased plasma arginine concentration, which peaked by 4-hrs (p=0.03) and remained elevated through 8-hrs. Erythrocyte glutamine levels began to increase by 8-hours, while erythrocyte arginine concentration peaked at 4-hours. CONCLUSIONS Oral glutamine supplementation acutely improved glutamine and arginine bioavailability in both plasma and erythrocytes. This is the first study to demonstrate that glutamine therapy increases arginine bioavailability and may provide insight into shared mechanisms-of-action between these conditionally-essential amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Frans A Kuypers
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Robert Hagar
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Larkin
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Lavrisha
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Augusta Saulys
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Elliott P Vichinsky
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Jung H Suh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, UCSF-Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
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Anastasiadi AT, Tzounakas VL, Dzieciatkowska M, Arvaniti VZ, Papageorgiou EG, Papassideri IS, Stamoulis K, D'Alessandro A, Kriebardis AG, Antonelou MH. Innate Variability in Physiological and Omics Aspects of the Beta Thalassemia Trait-Specific Donor Variation Effects. Front Physiol 2022; 13:907444. [PMID: 35755442 PMCID: PMC9214579 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.907444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The broad spectrum of beta-thalassemia (βThal) mutations may result in mild reduction (β ++), severe reduction (β +) or complete absence (β 0) of beta-globin synthesis. βThal heterozygotes eligible for blood donation are "good storers" in terms of red blood cell (RBC) fragility, proteostasis and redox parameters of storage lesion. However, it has not been examined if heterogeneity in genetic backgrounds among βThal-trait donors affects their RBC storability profile. For this purpose, a paired analysis of physiological and omics parameters was performed in freshly drawn blood and CPD/SAGM-stored RBCs donated by eligible volunteers of β ++ (N = 4), β + (N = 9) and β 0 (N = 2) mutation-based phenotypes. Compared to β +, β ++ RBCs were characterized by significantly lower RDW and HbA2 but higher hematocrit, MCV and NADPH levels in vivo. Moreover, they had lower levels of reactive oxygen species and markers of oxidative stress, already from baseline. Interestingly, their lower myosin and arginase membrane levels were accompanied by increased cellular fragility and arginine values. Proteostasis markers (proteasomal activity and/or chaperoning-protein membrane-binding) seem to be also diminished in β ++ as opposed to the other two phenotypic groups. Overall, despite the low number of samples in the sub-cohorts, it seems that the second level of genetic variability among the group of βThal-trait donors is reflected not only in the physiological features of RBCs in vivo, but almost equally in their storability profiles. Mutations that only slightly affect the globin chain equilibrium direct RBCs towards phenotypes closer to the average control, at least in terms of fragility indices and proteostatic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alkmini T Anastasiadi
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis L Tzounakas
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Vasiliki-Zoi Arvaniti
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Effie G Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Welfare Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Issidora S Papassideri
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | | | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Anastasios G Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Welfare Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Marianna H Antonelou
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
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Coutsouvelis J, Corallo C, Spencer A, Avery S, Dooley M, Kirkpatrick C. A meta-analysis of palifermin efficacy for the management of oral mucositis in patients with solid tumours and haematological malignancy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Nabarrete JM, Pereira AZ, Garófolo A, Seber A, Venancio AM, Grecco CES, Bonfim CMS, Nakamura CH, Fernandes D, Campos DJ, Oliveira FLC, Cousseiro FK, Rossi FFP, Gurmini J, Viani KHC, Guterres LF, Mantovani LFAL, Darrigo LG, Albuquerque MIBPE, Brumatti M, Neves MA, Duran N, Villela NC, Zecchin VG, Fernandes JF. Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: children and adolescents. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2021; 19:eAE5254. [PMID: 34909973 PMCID: PMC8664291 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ae5254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Children and Adolescents was developed by dietitians, physicians, and pediatric hematologists from 10 Brazilian reference centers in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim was to emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well as the main characteristics related to patient´s nutritional assessment. This consensus is intended to improve and standardize nutrition therapy during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The consensus was approved by the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Moura Nabarrete
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Z Pereira
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Garófolo
- Universidade Federal de São PauloInstituto de Oncologia PediátricaSão PauloSPBrazilInstituto de Oncologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Seber
- Universidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Angela Mandelli Venancio
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Eduardo Setanni Grecco
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoHospital das ClínicasRibeirão PretoSPBrazilHospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carmem Maria Sales Bonfim
- Universidade Federal do ParanáHospital de ClínicasCuritibaSPBrazilHospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Harumi Nakamura
- Universidade Federal de São PauloInstituto de Oncologia PediátricaSão PauloSPBrazilInstituto de Oncologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daieni Fernandes
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazilSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Denise Johnsson Campos
- Universidade Federal do ParanáHospital de ClínicasCuritibaSPBrazilHospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Luisa Ceragioli Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de São PauloEscola Paulista de MedicinaSão PauloSPBrazilEscola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Krüger Cousseiro
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazilSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Feijó Panico Rossi
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jocemara Gurmini
- Universidade Federal do ParanáHospital de ClínicasCuritibaSPBrazilHospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Karina Helena Canton Viani
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasSão PauloSPBrazilInstituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Fernandes Guterres
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazilSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Luiz Guilherme Darrigo
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoHospital das ClínicasRibeirão PretoSPBrazilHospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Isabel Brandão Pires e Albuquerque
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da SilvaRio de JaneiroRJBrazilInstituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Melina Brumatti
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mirella Aparecida Neves
- Universidade Federal do ParanáHospital de ClínicasCuritibaSPBrazilHospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Natália Duran
- Hospital de Câncer de BarretosBarretosSPBrazilHospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Neysimelia Costa Villela
- Hospital de Câncer de BarretosBarretosSPBrazilHospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Victor Gottardello Zecchin
- Universidade Federal de São PauloInstituto de Oncologia PediátricaSão PauloSPBrazilInstituto de Oncologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Folloni Fernandes
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Opazo-Navarrete M, Burgos-Díaz C, Soto-Cerda B, Barahona T, Anguita-Barrales F, Mosi-Roa Y. Assessment of the Nutritional Value of Traditional Vegetables from Southern Chile as Potential Sources of Natural Ingredients. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 76:523-532. [PMID: 34755255 PMCID: PMC8577856 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in consuming healthy foods motivated by the need of boosting the immune system naturally. In this sense, vegetables rich in bioactive compounds are a clear example of "superfoods" that promotes overall health and strengthen the immune response. Therefore, in this study eight traditional vegetables usually produced in southern Chile (pea, corn, carrot, leek, spinach, chard, coriander and parsley) were characterized in terms of their nutritional composition to evaluate their potential as lyophilized natural ingredients. Thus, chemical composition, amino acid profile, minerals, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and pesticide residues were evaluated. Green leafy vegetables resulted to be an excellent source of proteins and dietary fibers as well as vitamins (ascorbic acid, choline, alpha-tocopherol and niacin), minerals (calcium, phosphorus and iron), carotenoids and polyphenols. Among the eight vegetables assessed spinach exhibited the more balanced nutritional profile. Moreover, 332 pesticide residues were analysed and only six were detected in a low concentration. Due to their nutritional properties, the present results suggest that vegetables produced in southern Chile could be considered as promising alternatives to develop natural food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Braulio Soto-Cerda
- Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic Center, CGNA, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Tamara Barahona
- Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic Center, CGNA, Temuco, Chile
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Zhang Q, Li X, Gao X, Cao C, Hu Y, Guo H. Total saponins from stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolius L. ameliorate podophyllotoxin-induced myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 36:e5266. [PMID: 34648200 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (POD), a natural lignan distributed in podophyllum species, possesses significant antitumor and antiviral activities. But POD often causes serious side effects, such as myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatic and renal dysfunction, and even death, which not only hinder its clinical application but also threaten the patient's health. Therefore, an effective treatment against POD-induced toxicity is important. Our preliminary study found that the total saponins from the stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolius L. (PQS) could significantly reduce the death of mice caused by POD. To reveal how PQS can alleviate POD-induced toxicity, further study was needed. Peripheral blood cell analysis, diarrhea score, and histological examination demonstrated that PQS could relieve myelosuppression and gastrointestinal side effects induced by POD. Then, metabolomics was performed to investigate the possible protective mechanism of PQS on POD-induced myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. Metabolomics analysis showed that metabolic changes caused by POD could be reversed by PQS to some extent; 23 metabolites altered significantly after POD exposure, and 11 metabolites significantly reversed by PQS pretreatment. Metabolic pathway analysis suggested that PQS might exhibit its protective effects by rebalancing disordered arginine, glutamine, and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Beijing Key Laboratory of Analysis and Evaluation on Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Beijing Key Laboratory of Analysis and Evaluation on Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Gao
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Beijing Key Laboratory of Analysis and Evaluation on Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunran Cao
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Beijing Key Laboratory of Analysis and Evaluation on Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchi Hu
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Beijing Key Laboratory of Analysis and Evaluation on Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhu Guo
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Beijing Key Laboratory of Analysis and Evaluation on Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Muroya S, Zhang Y, Kinoshita A, Otomaru K, Oshima K, Gotoh Y, Oshima I, Sano M, Roh S, Oe M, Ojima K, Gotoh T. Maternal Undernutrition during Pregnancy Alters Amino Acid Metabolism and Gene Expression Associated with Energy Metabolism and Angiogenesis in Fetal Calf Muscle. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090582. [PMID: 34564398 PMCID: PMC8465837 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying maternal undernutrition (MUN)-induced fetal skeletal muscle growth impairment in cattle, the longissimus thoracis muscle of Japanese Black fetal calves at 8.5 months in utero was analyzed by an integrative approach with metabolomics and transcriptomics. The pregnant cows were fed on 60% (low-nutrition, LN) or 120% (high-nutrition, HN) of their overall nutritional requirement during gestation. MUN markedly decreased the bodyweight and muscle weight of the fetus. The levels of amino acids (AAs) and arginine-related metabolites including glutamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and putrescine were higher in the LN group than those in the HN group. Metabolite set enrichment analysis revealed that the highly different metabolites were associated with the metabolic pathways of pyrimidine, glutathione, and AAs such as arginine and glutamate, suggesting that MUN resulted in AA accumulation rather than protein accumulation. The mRNA expression levels of energy metabolism-associated genes, such as PRKAA1, ANGPTL4, APLNR, CPT1B, NOS2, NOS3, UCP2, and glycolytic genes were lower in the LN group than in the HN group. The gene ontology/pathway analysis revealed that the downregulated genes in the LN group were associated with glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, HIF-1 signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, pentose phosphate, and insulin signaling pathways. Thus, MUN altered the levels of AAs and expression of genes associated with energy expenditure, glucose homeostasis, and angiogenesis in the fetal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Muroya
- Division of Animal Products Research, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS), Tsukuba 305-0901, Ibaraki, Japan; (M.O.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (T.G.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan; (Y.Z.); (A.K.); (I.O.)
| | - Aoi Kinoshita
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan; (Y.Z.); (A.K.); (I.O.)
| | - Kounosuke Otomaru
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan;
| | - Kazunaga Oshima
- Division of Year-Round Grazing Research, NARO Western Region Agricultural Research Center, 60 Yoshinaga, Ohda 694-0013, Shimane, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuji Gotoh
- Division of Year-Round Grazing Research, NARO Western Region Agricultural Research Center, 60 Yoshinaga, Ohda 694-0013, Shimane, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ichiro Oshima
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan; (Y.Z.); (A.K.); (I.O.)
| | - Mitsue Sano
- Faculty of Human Culture, University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone 522-8533, Shiga, Japan;
| | - Sanggun Roh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan;
| | - Mika Oe
- Division of Animal Products Research, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS), Tsukuba 305-0901, Ibaraki, Japan; (M.O.); (K.O.)
| | - Koichi Ojima
- Division of Animal Products Research, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS), Tsukuba 305-0901, Ibaraki, Japan; (M.O.); (K.O.)
| | - Takafumi Gotoh
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan; (Y.Z.); (A.K.); (I.O.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (T.G.)
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Huang Z, Zhang M, He D, Song P, Mo C, Cheng X, Song T, Li Y, Zhang X, Liao M. Serum metabolomics of Bama miniature pigs bitten by Bungarus multicinctus. Toxicol Lett 2021; 350:225-239. [PMID: 34343594 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bungarus multicinctus is one of the top ten venomous snakes in China, and its bite causes acute and severe diseases, but its pathophysiology remains poorly elucidated. Thus, an animal model of Bungarus multicinctus bite was established by intramuscular injection of 30μg/kg of Bungarus multicinctus venom, and then the serum metabolites were subsequently screened, identified and validated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) methods to explore the potential biomakers and possible metabolic pathways. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that 36 and 38 endogenous metabolites levels changed in ESI+ and ESI-, respectively, KEGG pathway analysis showed that 5 metabolic pathways, including mineral absorption, central carbon metabolism in cancer, protein digestion and absorption, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and ABC transporters might be closely related to Bungarus multicinctus bite. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that there were significant differences in serum D-proline, L-leucine and L-glutamine after Bungarus multicinctus bite (P < 0.05). In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the diagnostic efficiency of L-Glutamine was superior to other potential biomarkers and the AUC value was 0.944. Moreover, we found evidence for differences in the pathophysiology of glutamine between Bungarus multicinctus bite group and normal group, specifically with the content of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutaminase (GLS). Taken together, the current study has successfully established an animal model of Bungarus multicinctus bite, and further identified the links between the metabolic perturbations and the pathophysiology and the potential diagnostic biomakers of Bungarus multicinctus bite, which provided valuable insights for studying the mechanism of Bungarus multicinctus bite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Dongling He
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Pengshu Song
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530003, PR China
| | - Caifeng Mo
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | | | - Tianlin Song
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Yalan Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Xuerong Zhang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Ming Liao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, PR China.
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Shi L, Lin CL, Su CH, Lin KC, Leong KH, Wang YTT, Kuo CF, Tsai SY. The Risk of Developing Osteoporosis in Hemolytic Anemia-What Aggravates the Bone Loss? J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153364. [PMID: 34362147 PMCID: PMC8348015 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemolytic anemia (HA) renders erythropoietic stress on the bone marrow and has been linked to osteoporosis. In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, we examined this correlation by utilizing the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). We identified two cohorts, matching population with and without HA in a 1:4 ratio. A total of 2242 HA patients and 8968 non-HA patients were enrolled. Patients with HA had a significantly higher cumulative incidence (log-rank test p = 0.0073), higher incidence density (5.11 vs. 3.76 per 1000 persons-years), and a 1.31-fold risk of developing osteoporosis than non-HA patients (aHR = 1.31, 95% C.I. 1.04-1.63, p = 0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, patients with factors including female (aHR = 2.57, 95% C.I. 2.05-3.22, p < 0.001), age > 65 (aHR = 9.25, 95% C.I. 7.46-11.50, p < 0.001), diagnosis of cholelithiasis (aHR = 1.76, 95% C.I. 1.20-2.58, p = 0.003) and peptic ulcer disease (aHR = 1.87, 95% C.I. 1.52-2.29, p < 0.001) had significantly higher risk of osteoporosis. We propose that this correlation may be related to increased hematopoietic stress, increased consumption of nitric oxide (NO) by hemolysis, and the inhibitory effects of iron supplements on osteogenesis through the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)/Osteoprotegerin pathway and the Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) factor. Our findings suggest that patients with hemolytic anemia are at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis, and it would be in the patient's best interest for physicians to be aware of this potential complication and offer preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyu Shi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Huang Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.S.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-H.L.); (Y.-T.T.W.)
| | - Keng-Chian Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.S.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-H.L.); (Y.-T.T.W.)
| | - Kam-Hang Leong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.S.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-H.L.); (Y.-T.T.W.)
| | - Yu-Ting Tina Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.S.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-H.L.); (Y.-T.T.W.)
| | - Chien-Feng Kuo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Tsai
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.S.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-H.L.); (Y.-T.T.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Long-Term Care, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975-835-797 or +886-915-309-666
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NO, way to go: critical amino acids to replenish nitric oxide production in treating mucositis. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2021; 15:188-196. [PMID: 34397582 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is still an unmet need for preventive and treatment strategies for chemotherapy-induced and radiotherapy-induced mucositis and its associated systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in cancer patients. Because of citrulline depletion due to cytotoxic therapy, nitric oxide (NO) production can be reduced, limiting its effect in many physiological processes. Restoring NO production could relieve mucositis severity by supporting host damage control mechanisms. Amino acids glutamine, arginine and citrulline are involved in NO production. This review including recent literature of preclinical and clinical studies will discuss the potential benefits of glutamine, arginine and citrulline on mucositis development with focus on NO production. RECENT FINDINGS Mucositis severity is more defined by host response to DNA damage than by DMA damage itself. Citrulline depletion because of afunctional enterocytes could be responsible for NO depletion during cytotoxic therapy. Restoring NO production during cytotoxic therapy could have a beneficial effect on mucositis development. Citrulline seems a more promising NO donor than glutamine or arginine during cytotoxic therapy, although clinical studies in mucositis patients are currently lacking. SUMMARY Glutamine, arginine and citrulline show in-vitro beneficial effects on inflammatory processes involved in mucositis. Translation to the clinic is difficult as demonstrated with use of glutamine and arginine. Citrulline, being the most potent NO donor with excellent oral bio-availability, is very promising as treatment choice for mucositis and its use deserves to be investigated in clinical trials with mucositis patients.
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Bhingarkar A, Vangapandu HV, Rathod S, Hoshitsuki K, Fernandez CA. Amino Acid Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemias. Front Oncol 2021; 11:694526. [PMID: 34277440 PMCID: PMC8281237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.694526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid (AA) metabolism plays an important role in many cellular processes including energy production, immune function, and purine and pyrimidine synthesis. Cancer cells therefore require increased AA uptake and undergo metabolic reprogramming to satisfy the energy demand associated with their rapid proliferation. Like many other cancers, myeloid leukemias are vulnerable to specific therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic dependencies. Herein, our review provides a comprehensive overview and TCGA data analysis of biosynthetic enzymes required for non-essential AA synthesis and their dysregulation in myeloid leukemias. Furthermore, we discuss the role of the general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) and-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways of AA sensing on metabolic vulnerability and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboli Bhingarkar
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hima V. Vangapandu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sanjay Rathod
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Keito Hoshitsuki
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christian A. Fernandez
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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