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Awad SM, Ali SM, Mansour YE, Fatahala SS. Synthesis and Evaluation of Some Uracil Nucleosides as Promising Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:2988. [PMID: 34069874 PMCID: PMC8157375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is so widespread, several antiviral drugs have been developed to treat it, among which are uracil nucleosides. However, there are major problems with the current medications such as severe side-effects and drug resistance. Here we present some newly synthesized cyclic and acyclic uracil nucleosides that showed very promising activity against HSV-1 compared to acyclovir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Mohamed Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (Y.E.M.)
| | - Shima Mahmoud Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Yara Essam Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (Y.E.M.)
| | - Samar Said Fatahala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (Y.E.M.)
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2
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Persson T, Hörnfeldt AB, Gronowitz S, Johansson NG. Synthesis of Various 5-(5″-Substituted-3″-Bromophenyl)-2′-β-Deoxyuridines. Antivir Chem Chemother 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029600700206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 5-(5″-substituted-3″-bromophenyl)-2′-β-deoxyuridines were prepared and investigated for their activity against HCMV and HIV. None of the compounds exhibited any activity against HIV at the highest concentration, 100μgml−1. In the HCMV ELISA assay the ED50 and CD50 values of the 5-(5″-substituted-3″-bromophenyl)-2′-deoxyuridines were about 60μg ml−1 150μg ml−1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Persson
- Organic Chemistry 1, Chemical Centre, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - A.-B. Hörnfeldt
- Organic Chemistry 1, Chemical Centre, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - S. Gronowitz
- Organic Chemistry 1, Chemical Centre, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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3
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Kano F, Ijichi K, Ashida N, Watanabe Y, Sakata S, Machida H. 5′-O-Alkyl and Acyl Prodrugs of 1-β-D-Arabinofuranosyl-E-5-(2-Bromovinyl)Uracil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029400500203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
5′- O-Alkyl derivatives of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl- E-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (BV-araU) were synthesized by selective alkylation and deprotection of 2′,3′-bis- O-tetrahydropyranyl BV-araU to enhance metabolic stability and evaluated for efficacy as oral prodrugs of BV-araU. For comparison, their acyl congeners, and 3′- O- and 2′- O-ethyl BV-araU, were also prepared by direct acylation of BV-araU and by selective protection, alkylation, and deprotection, respectively. The 5′- O-alkyl prodrugs were stable in acidic solutions, whereas the 5′- O-acyl analogues were unstable under the same conditions. When incubated with enterobacteria, the 5′- O-acyl derivatives resulted in the formation of BV-uracil through non-enzymatic hydrolysis of BV-araU, but the 5′- O-alkyl prodrugs did not. 5′- O-Short-chain aliphatic alkyl (not longer than butyl) and generally acyl prodrugs gave higher blood concentrations of BV-araU than the aromatic derivatives. Plasma concentrations of BV-araU were equal or slightly higher than those after equivalent oral doses of BV-araU. 5′- O-Ethyl BV-araU was effective against intracerebral, intraperitoneal, and cutaneous infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 in mice. 5′- O-Short-chain aliphatic alkyl derivatives may prove to be useful oral prodrugs of BV-araU because of increased metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kano
- Biology Laboratory, R and D Division, Yamasa Corporation, 10–1 Araoicho 2-chome, Choshi-shi, Chiba 288, Japan
| | - K. Ijichi
- Biology Laboratory, R and D Division, Yamasa Corporation, 10–1 Araoicho 2-chome, Choshi-shi, Chiba 288, Japan
| | - N. Ashida
- Biology Laboratory, R and D Division, Yamasa Corporation, 10–1 Araoicho 2-chome, Choshi-shi, Chiba 288, Japan
| | - Y. Watanabe
- Biology Laboratory, R and D Division, Yamasa Corporation, 10–1 Araoicho 2-chome, Choshi-shi, Chiba 288, Japan
| | - S. Sakata
- Chemistry Laboratory, R and D Division, Yamasa Corporation, 10–1 Araoicho 2-chome, Choshi-shi, Chiba 288, Japan
| | - H. Machida
- Biology Laboratory, R and D Division, Yamasa Corporation, 10–1 Araoicho 2-chome, Choshi-shi, Chiba 288, Japan
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4
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Yoshimura Y, Kano F, Miyazaki S, Ashida N, Sakata S, Haraguchi K, Itoh Y, Tanaka H, Miyasaka T. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1′-C-Cyano-Pyrimidine Nucleosides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328319608002386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yoshimura
- a Research & Development Division , Yamasa Corporation , 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba , 288 , Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kano
- a Research & Development Division , Yamasa Corporation , 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba , 288 , Japan
| | - Shuichi Miyazaki
- a Research & Development Division , Yamasa Corporation , 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba , 288 , Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ashida
- a Research & Development Division , Yamasa Corporation , 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba , 288 , Japan
| | - Shinji Sakata
- a Research & Development Division , Yamasa Corporation , 2-10-1 Araoicho, Choshi, Chiba , 288 , Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Haraguchi
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University , 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo , 142 , Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Itoh
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University , 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo , 142 , Japan
| | - Hiromichi Tanaka
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University , 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo , 142 , Japan
| | - Tadashi Miyasaka
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University , 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo , 142 , Japan
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5
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Haraguchi K, Takahashi H, Tanaka H, Hayakawa H, Ashida N, Nitanda T, Baba M. Synthesis and antiviral activities of 1'-carbon-substituted 4'-thiothymidines. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:5309-16. [PMID: 15388158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2004] [Revised: 07/26/2004] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
4-Thiofuranoid glycals substituted at the 1-position with methyl (5), (t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl (7), and acetoxymethyl (8) groups were prepared from the 3,5-O-(1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane-1,3-diyl) (TIPDS)-4-thiofuranoid glycal (3) by way of LDA-lithiation. N-Iodosuccimide-initiated electrophilic glycosidation between silylated thymine and these 1-carbon-substituted 4-thioglycals gave the respective beta-anomers (9, 10, and 13) stereoselectively. Tin radical-mediated removal of the 2'-iodine atom from these products provided the corresponding 1'-branched 4'-thiothymidine derivatives (11, 12, and 14) in good yields. The 1'-hydroxymethyl derivative (15) served as a precursor for the preparation of the formyl (16), cyanoethenyl (17), and cyano (19) derivatives. Among the deprotected 1'-branched 4'-thiothymidines (20-25), the 1'-methyl analogue 20 showed the most potent anti-HSV-1 activity, but it was much less active than the parent compound 4'-thiothymidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Haraguchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
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6
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Kumar R, Sharma N, Nath M, Saffran HA, Tyrrell DL. Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel acyclic nucleoside analogues of 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl)uracils. J Med Chem 2001; 44:4225-9. [PMID: 11708924 DOI: 10.1021/jm010227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present the discovery of a novel category of 5-substituted acyclic pyrimidine nucleosides as potent antiviral agents. A series of 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl] (5-7), 1-[(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl] (8-10), and 1-[4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-butyl] (11-13) derivatives of 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl)uracil were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activity in cell culture. 1-[4-Hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-butyl]-5-(1-azido-2-chloroethyl)uracil (12) was the most effective antiviral agent in the in vitro assays against DHBV (EC(50) = 0.31-1.55 microM) and HCMV (EC(50) = 3.1 microM). None of the compounds investigated showed any detectable toxicity to several stationary and proliferating host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada.
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7
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Kim DK, Lee N, Kim YW, Chang K, Kim JS, Im GJ, Choi WS, Jung I, Kim TS, Hwang YY, Min DS, Um KA, Cho YB, Kim KH. Synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-alkoxycarbonyloxybut-1-yl)purines as potential prodrugs of penciclovir. J Med Chem 1998; 41:3435-41. [PMID: 9719596 DOI: 10.1021/jm980138g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2-amino-9-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-alkoxycarbonyloxybut-1-yl)purines (4-10) and 2-amino-9-(2-(2-oxo-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)ethyl)purine (1) were synthesized as potential prodrugs of penciclovir and evaluated for their oral penciclovir bioavailability in mice and rats. Treatment of 2-(2-benzyloxyethyl)propane-1,3-diol (11) with 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole in THF followed by hydrogenolytic removal of the benzyl group of the resulting cyclic carbonate 12 gave 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-dioxan-2-one (13). Mesylation of the alcohol 13 and then a coupling reaction of the resulting mesylate 14 with 2-amino-6-chloropurine using anhydrous Cs2CO3 in DMF afforded 2-amino-6-chloro-9-(2-(2-oxo-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)ethyl)purine (16) after purification by flash column chromatography on silica gel using EtOAc/MeCN/Et3N as eluent. Hydrogenation of the 6-chloro cyclic carbonate 16 followed by a ring-opening reaction of the 6-deoxy cyclic carbonate 1 in a mixture of an appropriate alcohol and CHCl3 using activated SiO2 as a Lewis acid afforded the corresponding alkyl monocarbonate derivatives 3-10 in fair to good yields. Of the prodrugs tested in mice, the isopropyl monocarbonate 6 achieved the highest mean urinary recovery of penciclovir (53%), followed in order by the propyl monocarbonate 5 (51%), the isopentyl monocarbonate 10 (51%), the ethyl monocarbonate 4 (50%), and famciclovir (48%). In rats, the methyl monocarbonate 3, 4, 6, the n-butyl monocarbonate 7, and 10 (39-41%) showed levels of mean urinary recovery of penciclovir similar to that from famciclovir (40%). The alkyl monocarbonates 4-10 were found to be quite stable in the aqueous buffer solutions, and among them, 6 was the most stable with the half-lives (t1/2) of 88, >200, 61, and 26 days at pH 1.2, 6.0, 7.4, and 8.0, respectively. In addition, 6 was highly soluble in H2O (138.8 mg/mL, 20 degrees C).
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Kim
- Life Science Research Center, SK Chemicals, 600 Jungja-Dong, Changan-Ku, Suwon-Si, Kyungki-Do 440-745, Korea
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8
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Machida H, Ashida N, Miura S, Endo M, Yamada K, Kitano K, Yoshimura Y, Sakata S, Ijichi O, Eizuru Y. Anti-herpesvirus activity profile of 4'-thioarabinofuranosyl purine and uracil nucleosides and activity of 1-beta-D-2'-fluoro-4'-thioarabinofuranosyl guanine and 2,6-diaminopurine against clinical isolates of human cytomegalovirus. Antiviral Res 1998; 39:129-37. [PMID: 9806489 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-3542(98)00042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Newly synthesized 4'-thio- and 2'-fluoro-4'-thioarabinofuranosyl purine and pyrimidine nucleosides were compared with the corresponding 4'-oxo type arabinosyl nucleosides for anti-herpesvirus and anti-cell proliferative potencies. 4'-Thioarabinosyl- and 2'-fluoro-4'-thioarabinofuranosyl 5-substituted uracils had selective antiviral activities, but were not superior to 4'-oxo nucleosides, except for the activity of 5-ethyl-uracil 4'-thio nucleosides against herpes simplex virus. Furthermore, 4'-thio substituted derivatives of sorivudine (BV-araU) and related compounds, and 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-arabinosyluracil exhibited reduced activity against varicella-zoster virus compared with the parent compounds. The 4'-thioarabinosyluracils, except for 5-methyluracil derivatives, were inactive against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). 4'-Thioarabinofuranosyl guanine and diaminopurine had the most potent anti-HCMV and anti-proliferative activities, whereas arabinosyl guanine and diaminopurine had only marginal antiviral activity. 2'-Fluoro-4'-thioarabinofuranosyl derivatives of guanine (4'-thio-FaraG) and 2,6-diaminopurine (4'-thio-FaraDAP), however, had particularly high activity against all herpesviruses tested with anti-proliferative activity equipotent to that of arabinosyl guanine and diaminopurine. 4'-Thio- and 2'-fluoro-4'-thioarabinofuranosyladenines exhibited biological activities similar to that of arabinosyladenine. Both 4'-thio-FaraG and 4'-thio-FaraDAP had a 6-fold lower ED50 than ganciclovir against clinical isolates of HCMV. A ganciclovir-resistant isolate, obtained from a patient who had received long-term ganciclovir-treatment, was susceptible to 4'-thio-FaraG and 4'-thio-FaraDAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Machida
- Biochemicals Division, Yamasa Corporation, Choshi, Japan
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9
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Ashida N, Sakata S, Machida H. Metabolic fate of [3H]1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-[(E)-2-bromovinyl]uracil in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells. Microbiol Immunol 1998; 41:957-64. [PMID: 9492181 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic fate of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-[(E)-2-bromovinyl]uracil (BV-araU) in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells was studied using tritium-labeled BV-araU. [3H]BV-araU was selectively taken-up by infected cells. Approximately 10% of the total uptake of [3H]BV-araU was recovered from the acid-insoluble fraction at any time post-infection. Both cellular uptake of [3H]BV-araU and its incorporation into the acid-insoluble fraction increased with increasing incubation time through 8 hr post-infection. Uptake of [3H]BV-araU and its incorporation into the acid-insoluble fraction also increased proportionally to the duration of exposure to [3H]BV-araU. An alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis revealed that the radioactive DNA obtained from cells pulse-labeled with [3H]BV-araU were small DNA fragments which remained at the top following a chasing period in isotope-free medium, whereas that pulse-labeled with [3H]thymidine was chased to a fraction of high molecular weight DNA. Nuclease P1 digestion reduced 99% of the [3H]BV-araU-labeled DNA extracted from infected cells to a low molecular weight. Following digestion of [3H]BV-araU-labeled DNA with micrococcal nuclease and spleen exonuclease, all of the radioactivity was recovered as [3H]BV-araU 3'-monophosphate. Thus, BV-araU strongly inhibits the elongation of viral DNA strands as demonstrated by the alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis, whereas at least a portion of the [3H]BV-araU is incorporated inside viral DNA strands in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ashida
- Biology Laboratory, Yamasa Corporation, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
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10
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Ashida N, Watanabe Y, Miura S, Kano F, Sakata S, Yamaguchi T, Suzutani T, Machida H. Structure-activity relationship of the affinity of 5-substituted uracil nucleoside analogues for varicella-zoster virus thymidine kinase and their activity against varicella-zoster virus. Antiviral Res 1997; 35:167-75. [PMID: 9298756 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-3542(97)00026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted uracil nucleoside analogues for their selective antiviral activity against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and affinity for VZV thymidine kinase (TK). Anti-proliferative activity of the compounds was measured using human lymphoblastoid cells. Most 2'-deoxyribofuranosyluracil, arabinofuranosyluracil (araU) and 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-arabinofuranosyluracil derivatives showed selective anti-VZV activity as well as activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. 2'-Deoxyuridine derivatives showed higher affinity than the corresponding araU analogues. A correlation was seen between the 50% effective doses for VZV and the Ki values for VZV TK, except for 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-ethyl araU that showed relatively high affinity for VZV TK without showing any activity against VZV. 5-Halogenovinyluracil nucleosides showed the highest affinity and the most potent and selective anti-VZV activity. 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-arabinofuranosyluracil derivatives exhibited high anti-VZV potency though they showed relatively low affinity for VZV TK. Some 3'-deoxythymidine analogues having anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity were inactive against herpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ashida
- Biochemicals Division, Yamasa Corporation, Choshi, Japan
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11
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Yoshimura Y, Watanabe M, Satoh H, Ashida N, Ijichi K, Sakata S, Machida H, Matsuda A. A facile, alternative synthesis of 4'-thioarabinonucleosides and their biological activities. J Med Chem 1997; 40:2177-83. [PMID: 9216836 DOI: 10.1021/jm9701536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
4'-Thioarabinonucleosides, which are potential antiviral agents, were synthesized from D-glucose. 1,4-Anhydro-4-thioarabitol (8), which can be derived from diacetone glucose in nine steps, was subjected to Pummerer rearrangement after protection of the hydroxyl groups to give 1-O-acetyl-4-thioarabinose (11), which was condensed with nucleobases to give 4'-thioarabinonucleosides. The 5-substituted-4'-thioaraU (6a-e) derivatives showed anti-HSV-1 activity (ED50 = 0.43-3.50 micrograms/mL). 4'-ThioaraG (6h) and 2,6-diaminopurine 4'-thioarabinonucleoside (4'-thioaraDAP, 6g) showed antiviral activity against several herpes viruses and were particularly potent against human cytomegalovirus (0.010 and 0.022 microgram/mL, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshimura
- Research and Development Division, Yamasa Corporation, Chiba, Japan.
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12
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Awano H, Shuto S, Miyashita T, Ashida N, Machida H, Kira T, Shigeta S, Matsuda A. Synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-substituted (2'S)-2'-deoxy-2'-C-methylcytidines and -uridines. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1996; 329:66-72. [PMID: 8851469 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19963290203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of several 5-substituted (2'S)-2'-deoxy-2'-C-methylcytidines (8) and -uridines (6, 11) has been accomplished using radical deoxygenation of the 2'-tert-alcohols via their methyl oxalyl esters as a key reaction. Anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 and -2, and anti-varicella-zoster virus activities of the newly synthesized nucleosides were evaluated. Among them, the 5-iodouracil derivative 6e showed the most potent activity against herpes simplex virus type-1, with an EC50 of 0.14 micrograms/mL without showing cytotoxicity up to 100 micrograms/mL, but had a weak activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 and no activity against varicella-zoster virus up to 50 micrograms/mL in vitro. Although the 5-fluorocytosine derivative 8b had a potent anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 activity (EC50 = 0.22 micrograms/mL), it was rather cytotoxic to the CCRF-HSB-2 human T-cell line (IC50 > or = 1.0 microgram/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Awano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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13
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Mansour TS, Cimpoia AR, Jin H, Hunter PJ, Evans CA, Tse HLA, Gillard JW, Borthwick AD, Knight DJ, Coates JAV. Stereochemical Aspects of the anti-HCMV Activity of Cytidine Nucleoside Analogues. Antivir Chem Chemother 1995. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029500600302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The remarkable selectivity of the β-L enantiomers of 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine analogues against the viral polymerases of HIV and HBV has stimulated our interest in targeting β-L enantiomers of anti-HCMV cytidine analogues. Indeed, Ara-C, FIAC and DMDC are cytidine analogues with β-D configuration that show significant potency as anti-HCMV agents but lack selectivity. β-L enantiomers have therefore been synthesized and evaluated together with four other nucleoside analogues, and the β-L. enantiomers were found not to be inhibitory to HCMV replication. However, the three α-L isomers, α-L-Ara-C, α-L-Xylo-C and α-L-FMAU, emerged with activity against HCMV and have provided new approaches for the treatment of viral diseases with nucleoside analogues possessing the unusual L-configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. R. Cimpoia
- BioChem Therapeutic Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval (Quebec), H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - H. Jin
- BioChem Therapeutic Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval (Quebec), H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - P. J. Hunter
- BioChem Therapeutic Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval (Quebec), H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - C. A. Evans
- BioChem Therapeutic Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval (Quebec), H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - H. L. A. Tse
- BioChem Therapeutic Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval (Quebec), H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - J. W. Gillard
- BioChem Therapeutic Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval (Quebec), H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - A. D. Borthwick
- Glaxo Research and Development Ltd., Greenford Road, Greenford, Middlesex UB6 OHE, UK
| | - D. J. Knight
- Glaxo Research and Development Ltd., Greenford Road, Greenford, Middlesex UB6 OHE, UK
| | - J. A. V. Coates
- Glaxo Research and Development Ltd., Greenford Road, Greenford, Middlesex UB6 OHE, UK
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14
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Hassan AEA, Shuto S, Matsuda A. Nucleosides and Nucleotides. 125. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-fluoro-2′-methylidene Pyrimidine Nucleosides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/15257779408013235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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