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Russotti J, Herd T, Handley ED, Toth SL, Noll JG. Patterns of Mother, Father, and Peer Attachment Quality as Moderators of Child Maltreatment Risk for Depression and PTSD Symptoms in Adolescent Females. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:6888-6914. [PMID: 36695104 PMCID: PMC10050148 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221138654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment (CM) is a robust risk factor for adolescent depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Quality attachment relationships have been posited as a protective factor but findings are equivocal and studies have not adequately considered the complex network of interpersonal relationships that adolescents rely on. The current study applied a person-centered approach to (a) identify subgroups of adolescent females characterized by distinct patterns of attachment quality with peers, fathers, and mothers and (b) determine if the effect of maltreatment on depressive and PTSD symptoms varied as a function of distinct patterns of attachment quality. Data came from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of 464 racially diverse and adolescent females designed to examine the developmental sequelae of substantiated CM (260 maltreated and 204 demographically matched, nonmaltreated comparisons). Latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed four profiles of attachment characterized by: (a) above-average attachment quality across all three relationships (N = 207, 44.6%); (b) below-average quality with father and friends and above-average quality with mothers (N = 128, 27.6%); (c) below-average quality across all three relationships (N = 106, 22.9%); and (d) very low-(-1 SD) quality with mothers and above-average quality with fathers and friends (N = 23, 5.0%). Moderation models revealed that cumulative maltreatment exposure resulted in greater adolescent depressive symptoms only for those with a profile of attachment consisting of very low-quality maternal attachment and high-quality father and friend attachments. Profiles did not significantly moderate the effect of maltreatment on PTSD symptoms. Results identify subgroups of maltreatment survivors most vulnerable to the development of depression in adolescence. Such groups should be targets for the provision of finite clinical resources with clinical interventions that seek to promote healthy maternal attachment relationships to mitigate the impact of maltreatment on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toria Herd
- The Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | | | | | - Jennie G Noll
- The Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
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Cigala A, Mori A. Perspective Taking Ability in Psychologically Maltreated Children: A Protective Factor in Peer Social Adjustment. Front Psychol 2022; 13:816514. [PMID: 35310280 PMCID: PMC8929140 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Perspective taking is conceptualized as a multidimensional construct characterized by three components: cognitive, affective, and visual. The experience of psychological maltreatment impairs the child's emotional competence; in particular, maltreated children present difficulty in understanding and regulating emotions and in social understanding ability. In addition, the literature contains several contributions that highlight maladaptive behaviors of children with a history of maltreatment in peer interactions in the school context. Perspective taking ability has rarely been studied in maltreated children and the existing studies have produced different and often conflicting results that require further insights. On the grounds of these premises, the main objective of the present research is to investigate perspective taking ability in preschool children from maltreating and non-maltreating family contexts and its role in social adjustment, in terms of prosocial and aggressive behavior toward peers inside the kindergarten. A second objective is to verify the effectiveness of a training aimed to promote perspective taking ability in victims of psychological maltreatment. This research, organized into two separate studies, involved 249 preschool children: 206 children from non-maltreating family contexts and 43 brought up in psychologically maltreating families. Perspective taking was measured via the administration of several tests, and prosocial behavior and aggressiveness were observed via non-participant observations in the school context. The training involved maltreated children in small-group meetings based on familiar and appealing activities within the mother-child community. The overall results show that children's perspective taking ability, in particular the affective perspective taking, contributed to social adjustment. In fact, greater affective perspective taking ability was correlated to a higher frequency of prosocial behaviors toward peers and minor frequency of aggressiveness. Finally, the results of the training (pre/post-test comparison) showed an increase in perspective taking, especially in the affective dimension, and a consequent increase in prosocial behaviors and a decrease in aggressive ones. Therefore, the affective perspective taking ability seems to represent a very significant protective factor, which should be focused and strengthened in order to improve the social adaptation of preschool children who are victims of psychological abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Cigala
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries (DUSIC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Bartley L, DePanfilis D, Bright CL. A mixed-methods study to understand the impact of practitioner and organizational factors on fidelity of a child maltreatment prevention intervention in community-based settings. IMPLEMENTATION RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021; 2:26334895211050864. [PMID: 37089988 PMCID: PMC9978657 DOI: 10.1177/26334895211050864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well-documented that the degree to which interventions are implemented with fidelity in typical service settings has varied. Frequently, interventions are developed and tested in highly controlled or early adopter settings. Less attention has been given to what implementation looks like in usual care, and which factors promote practitioners' ability to implement with fidelity. Individuals and organizations implementing interventions in the real world receive varying levels of external supports and may apply a new intervention unaided. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore factors that support implementation as intended in local community agencies. In the quantitative phase of this study, 32 case planners implementing Family Connections (FC), a child maltreatment preventive intervention, completed a survey about their perceptions of practitioner and organizational factors related to fidelity. The survey data were connected to case-level fidelity scores to understand the relationship between perceptions and fidelity. The qualitative phase of this study involved further exploration with nine case planner interviews and two separate focus groups with supervisors and agency leadership. The results of this study suggest that supervision is a key contributor to a practitioner's ability to implement an intervention in usual care. The quantitative and qualitative results suggest supervision, including supervisors’ perseverance, proactiveness, knowledge, availability, and skill reinforcement are important components of enhancing a practitioners' ability to learn and use FC. The quantitative results suggest that the level of education was positively associated with fidelity and perceptions of the intervention's limitations may be negatively related to implementation. Additional components that influence implementation for future research emerged from the qualitative phase related to system expectations and policies, individual practitioner attributes, and characteristics of the intervention. Plain Language Abstract This mixed-methods study sought to understand the impact of practitioner and organizational factors on fidelity of a child maltreatment prevention intervention in community-based settings. The study first asked case planners about their perceptions of practitioner and organizational factors related to fidelity through an online survey. This survey was connected to case-level fidelity scores to understand the relationship between perceptions and fidelity. The qualitative phase of this study involved further exploration with nine case planner interviews and two separate focus groups with supervisors and agency leadership. The results of this study suggest that supervision is a key contributor to a practitioner’s ability to implement a maltreatment prevention intervention. Both methods of the study suggest that various aspects of supervision, including supervisors’ perseverance, proactiveness, knowledge, availability, and skill reinforcement are important components of enhancing a practitioner's ability to learn and use the intervention. Additional components that influence the implementation for future research emerged from the qualitative phase related to system expectations and policies, individual practitioner attributes, and characteristics of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Bartley
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Diane DePanfilis
- Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charlotte L Bright
- School of Social Work, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Bullinger LR, Boy A, Messner S, Self-Brown S. Pediatric emergency department visits due to child abuse and neglect following COVID-19 public health emergency declaration in the Southeastern United States. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:401. [PMID: 34517864 PMCID: PMC8435405 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ongoing worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has heightened several risk factors for child abuse and neglect (CAN). We study whether COVID-19 and the public health response to it affected CAN-related pediatric emergency department (ED) visits in the southeastern United States (US). METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review on medical records of ED visits from a level I pediatric hospital system serving one of the largest metropolitan areas in the southeastern US from January through June 2018-2020. We used multivariate Poisson regression and linear regression to compare professionally identified CAN-related ED visits before and after a COVID-19 public health emergency declaration in 2020, relative to trends over the same period in 2018 and 2019. RESULTS Although the number of both overall pediatric ED visits and CAN-related ED visits declined, the number of CAN-related ED visits due to neglect from inadequate adult supervision increased by 62 % (p < 0.01). The number of CAN visits per 1,000 pediatric ED visits also increased by 97 % (p < 0.01). Finally, the proportion of CAN-related ED visits due to neglect from inadequate supervision increased by 100 % (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Physicians should be aware that patients who present with injuries during a pandemic may be victims of neglect due to changes in social structures in their households. In particular, maltreatment presenting to the ED shifted toward treating injuries and abuse resulting from inadequate supervision. Policymakers should consider the impacts of stay-at-home orders on child well-being when determining appropriate public health responses in the midst of a pandemic. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Rose Bullinger
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, 685 Cherry St., 30332, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Angela Boy
- Stephanie Blank Center for Safe and Healthy Children, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, USA
| | - Stephen Messner
- Stephanie Blank Center for Safe and Healthy Children, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, USA
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An Exploratory Study of a Training Team-Coordinated Approach to Implementation. GLOBAL IMPLEMENTATION RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 1:17-29. [PMID: 36032522 DOI: 10.1007/s43477-020-00003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background It is now widely understood that successful implementation of evidence-based treatments is facilitated by several favorable conditions (e.g., community buy-in, invested agency leadership). However, strategies for supporting agencies in promoting these conditions have been examined to a lesser extent. In this exploratory study, the implementation support procedures of Parenting with Love and Limits (PLL), an evidence-informed family treatment for child/adolescent behavior problems in which the training team follows structured procedures to help coordinate implementation support activities, are illustrated, and their preliminary effectiveness examined. Methods PLL documents and communication records between PLL and n = 23 sites across the U.S. that initiated PLL pre-implementation activities were reviewed. In addition, implementation activities completed for each agency were entered into the Stages of Implementation Completion (SIC) dashboard. Results The prescriptive nature of the PLL implementation support protocol was illustrated through descriptions of procedural documents and case examples. Quantitative analyses revealed that, among the 23 sites that began pre-implementation, 9 discontinued, with a trend toward sites in metropolitan areas being more likely to discontinue than those in less populous areas. In addition, the 14 sites that launched PLL demonstrated a high amount of consistency in activities, with sites in the sustainability phase completing an average of 86% of implementation behaviors. Conclusions Training team-coordination of implementation activities may be one promising approach for supporting agencies in completing tasks to facilitate successful uptake of evidence-supported interventions. In turn, sustained implementation of evidence-supported treatments could allow communities to benefit from practice innovations to a greater extent.
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Schelbe L, Wilson DL, Fickler W, Williams-Mbengue N, Klika JB. Bridging the Gaps Among Research, Policy, and Practice in the Field of Child Maltreatment Through Cross-Sector Training and Innovation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42448-020-00054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Factors Influencing Implementation of Evidence-Based Mental Health Interventions for Infants and Young Children. J Behav Health Serv Res 2020; 47:493-508. [PMID: 32367263 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-020-09694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale efforts have been made to adopt evidence-based practices (EBPs) for young children within community mental health settings. The current study investigated the implementation of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy and Child-Parent Psychotherapy using an online survey of 20 program managers representing 16 birth-to-five mental health agencies serving an ethnically diverse Medicaid population throughout a large urban county. Survey questions addressed intake and referral processes, training and supervision in EBPs, treatment fidelity, and patient outcomes/satisfaction. Results indicated that both clinical judgment and established decision-trees were used to select treatment approaches and that supervision, consultation, and fidelity monitoring were used to support fidelity to the models. Participants cited intensive EBP training processes, staff turnover, and patient attrition as barriers to sustainability. Implications regarding implementation of EBPs for infants and young children are discussed, including issues related to patient care, training and supervision, treatment fidelity, program sustainability, and barriers to system change.
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Guastaferro K, Zadzora KM, Reader JM, Shanley J, Noll JG. A Parent-focused Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Program: Development, Acceptability, and Feasibility. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2019; 28:1862-1877. [PMID: 31662600 PMCID: PMC6818652 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-019-01410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Child sexual abuse (CSA) affects nearly 60,000 children in the U.S. annually. Although prevention efforts targeting adults in the community and school-aged children have been somewhat successful, there is a clear gap in the current prevention efforts: parents. Generalized parent-education (PE) programs have effectively reduced the rates of physical abuse and neglect; however, currently no PE program targets risk factors for CSA specifically. We sought to develop a brief module to be added onto existing PE programs thereby leveraging the skills and implementation infrastructure to ensure sustainability. METHODS In three phases, we developed the curriculum, refined content and presentation while simultaneously developing and psychometrically evaluating a measurement tool, and conducted an acceptability and feasibility pilot. These phases are described in detail such that intervention scientists wishing to develop a module to be added onto existing programs can follow our procedures. RESULTS The results of each phase are described so that the reader can see how information gleaned in one part of a phase informed subsequent phases of research. This was an iterative process of development, refinement, and piloting. CONCLUSIONS The resultant module is designed to be added onto extant evidence-based PE programs. The module, and the additive approach of the intervention, will be evaluated in a future randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Guastaferro
- The Methodology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
| | - Kathleen M Zadzora
- Center for Healthy Children, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
| | - Jonathan M Reader
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
| | - Jenelle Shanley
- Center for Healthy Children, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
| | - Jennie G Noll
- Center for Healthy Children, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA
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Lieneman CC, Brabson LA, Highlander A, Wallace NM, McNeil CB. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: current perspectives. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2017; 10:239-256. [PMID: 28790873 PMCID: PMC5530857 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s91200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an empirically supported intervention originally developed to treat disruptive behavior problems in children between the ages of 2 and 7 years. Since its creation over 40 years ago, PCIT has been studied internationally with various populations and has been found to be an effective intervention for numerous behavioral and emotional issues. This article summarizes progress in the PCIT literature over the past decade (2006-2017) and outlines future directions for this important work. Recent PCIT research related to treatment effectiveness, treatment components, adaptations for specific populations (age groups, cultural groups, military families, individuals diagnosed with specific disorders, trauma survivors, and the hearing-impaired), format changes (group and home-based), teacher-child interaction training (TCIT), intensive PCIT (I-PCIT), treatment as prevention (for externalizing problems, child maltreatment, and developmental delays), and implementation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey C Lieneman
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Laurel A Brabson
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - April Highlander
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nancy M Wallace
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Cheryl B McNeil
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Birken SA, Bunger AC, Powell BJ, Turner K, Clary AS, Klaman SL, Yu Y, Whitaker DJ, Self SR, Rostad WL, Chatham JRS, Kirk MA, Shea CM, Haines E, Weiner BJ. Organizational theory for dissemination and implementation research. Implement Sci 2017; 12:62. [PMID: 28499408 PMCID: PMC5427584 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-017-0592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even under optimal internal organizational conditions, implementation can be undermined by changes in organizations’ external environments, such as fluctuations in funding, adjustments in contracting practices, new technology, new legislation, changes in clinical practice guidelines and recommendations, or other environmental shifts. Internal organizational conditions are increasingly reflected in implementation frameworks, but nuanced explanations of how organizations’ external environments influence implementation success are lacking in implementation research. Organizational theories offer implementation researchers a host of existing, highly relevant, and heretofore largely untapped explanations of the complex interaction between organizations and their environment. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of organizational theories for implementation research. Discussion We applied four well-known organizational theories (institutional theory, transaction cost economics, contingency theories, and resource dependency theory) to published descriptions of efforts to implement SafeCare, an evidence-based practice for preventing child abuse and neglect. Transaction cost economics theory explained how frequent, uncertain processes for contracting for SafeCare may have generated inefficiencies and thus compromised implementation among private child welfare organizations. Institutional theory explained how child welfare systems may have been motivated to implement SafeCare because doing so aligned with expectations of key stakeholders within child welfare systems’ professional communities. Contingency theories explained how efforts such as interagency collaborative teams promoted SafeCare implementation by facilitating adaptation to child welfare agencies’ internal and external contexts. Resource dependency theory (RDT) explained how interagency relationships, supported by contracts, memoranda of understanding, and negotiations, facilitated SafeCare implementation by balancing autonomy and dependence on funding agencies and SafeCare developers. Summary In addition to the retrospective application of organizational theories demonstrated above, we advocate for the proactive use of organizational theories to design implementation research. For example, implementation strategies should be selected to minimize transaction costs, promote and maintain congruence between organizations’ dynamic internal and external contexts over time, and simultaneously attend to organizations’ financial needs while preserving their autonomy. We describe implications of applying organizational theory in implementation research for implementation strategies, the evaluation of implementation efforts, measurement, research design, theory, and practice. We also offer guidance to implementation researchers for applying organizational theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Birken
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1103E McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA.
| | - Alicia C Bunger
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, 1947 College Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Byron J Powell
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1105C McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA
| | - Kea Turner
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1107C McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA
| | - Alecia S Clary
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1107C McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA
| | - Stacey L Klaman
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 401 Rosenau Hall, Campus Box 7445, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7445, USA
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, 8th Floor, Sheldon M. Chumir Health Centre, 1213 - 4 Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, T2R 0X7, Canada
| | - Daniel J Whitaker
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3995, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3995, USA
| | - Shannon R Self
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3995, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3995, USA
| | - Whitney L Rostad
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3995, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3995, USA
| | - Jenelle R Shanley Chatham
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3995, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3995, USA.,National SafeCare Training and Research Center, Mark Chaffin Center for Healthy Development, PO Box 3995, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3995, USA
| | - M Alexis Kirk
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1107C McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA
| | - Christopher M Shea
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1104F McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA
| | - Emily Haines
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1107C McGavran-Greenberg, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7411, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7411, USA
| | - Bryan J Weiner
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Box 357965, Seattle, WA, 98195-7965, USA.,Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Box 357965, Seattle, WA, 98195-7965, USA
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Stephenson AL. Journey Toward Evidence-Based Status: Seeking Admission to Formal Program Registries. Health Promot Pract 2016; 18:681-687. [PMID: 27647322 DOI: 10.1177/1524839916670575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, evidence-based status has been a coveted credential for many nonprofit organizations hoping to legitimize their programs or interventions. Several formal registries exist to provide a collection of health and prevention programs evaluated by experts and deemed "evidence-based." While registries offer positive benefits like allowing for a centralized listing of approved programs, there have been concerns about issues pertaining to the process of obtaining the evidence-based credential. Namely, some of the criticisms include the use of inappropriate study designs, the lack of consistent evaluation of evidence provided in support of programs, as well as program creators being involved in the evaluation that ultimately shows positive program effects. Using focus groups of prevention specialists, this study explores the quest for evidence-based status. The results show themes of vindication, acting as a resource, and perceptions of relevant others informing the deeper meaning of motivation for pursuit of evidence-based status. Additionally, emergent themes of program iteration and evolution inform program preparation. The article shows that while placement on an evidence-based registry is a highly sought-after achievement, many program creators fail to understand the evaluation process for admittance as well as the potential criticisms of the lists.
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Breitenstein SM, Schoeny M, Risser H, Johnson T. A study protocol testing the implementation, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of the ezParent program in pediatric primary care. Contemp Clin Trials 2016; 50:229-37. [PMID: 27592122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Up to 20% of children demonstrate behavior problems that interfere with relationship development and academic achievement. Parent participation in behavioral parent training programs has been shown to decrease child problem behaviors and promote positive parent-child relationships. However, attendance and parent involvement in face-to-face parent training remain low. Testing the implementation, efficacy, and cost of alternative delivery models is needed to (a) increase the reach and sustainability of parent training interventions and (b) address the barriers to parent participation and implementation of such programs, specifically in primary health care settings. The purpose of this paper is to describe the study protocol evaluating the implementation, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of delivering the tablet-based ezParent program in pediatric primary care sites. METHODS The implementation of the ezParent in four pediatric primary care sites will be evaluated using a descriptive design and cost-effectiveness analysis. The efficacy of the ezParent will be tested using a randomized controlled trial design with 312 parents of 2 to 5year old children from pediatric primary care settings. Data on parenting and child behavior outcomes will be obtained from all participants at baseline, and 3, 6, and 12months post baseline. DISCUSSION Integrating and evaluating the implementation of the ezParent in pediatric primary care is an innovative opportunity to promote positive parenting with potential for universal access to the preschool population and for low cost by building on existing infrastructure in pediatric primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Breitenstein
- Rush University College of Nursing, 600 S. Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Michael Schoeny
- Rush University College of Nursing, 600 S. Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Heather Risser
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tricia Johnson
- Rush University College of Health Sciences, 600 S. Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Lutzker JR, Casillas KL. The importance of examining variants of implementation among evidence-based and promising programs to prevent child maltreatment. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2016; 53:1-3. [PMID: 26853812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John R Lutzker
- The Mark Chaffin Center for Healthy Development, Georgia State University, USA
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Thomas R, Zimmer-Gembeck MJ, Chaffin M. Practitioners' views and use of evidence-based treatment: positive attitudes but missed opportunities in children's services. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2015; 41:368-78. [PMID: 23371263 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-013-0471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The extent evidence-based treatments (EBTs) are used in clinical practice within the Australian therapeutic child welfare sector is unknown. In this study, we investigated practitioners' knowledge, attitudes, and use of EBT when providing interventions to children and families and how the intended outcomes of interventions are evaluated. Practitioners (N = 112) from 41 non-government organizations were surveyed and reported few barriers to implementing EBTs and positive attitudes. While just over half the practitioners surveyed provided an accurate definition of EBT, 72 % of practitioners reported using EBTs in their clinical practice. Of those, 88 % reported modifying the EBT, however interventions were rarely evaluated systematically. Implications for the use of EBTs, how they are modified, and the role of systematic evaluation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae Thomas
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Bond University, Robina, QLD, 4229, Australia,
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Salloum A, Scheeringa MS, Cohen JA, Storch EA. Development of Stepped Care Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Young Children. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2014; 21:97-108. [PMID: 25411544 PMCID: PMC4233143 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Young children who are exposed to traumatic events are at risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While effective psychosocial treatments for childhood PTSD exist, novel interventions that are more accessible, efficient, and cost-effective are needed to improve access to evidence-based treatment. Stepped care models currently being developed for mental health conditions are based on a service delivery model designed to address barriers to treatment. This treatment development article describes how trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), a well-established evidence-based practice, was developed into a stepped care model for young children exposed to trauma. Considerations for developing the stepped care model for young children exposed to trauma, such as the type and number of steps, training of providers, entry point, inclusion of parents, treatment components, noncompliance, and a self-correcting monitoring system, are discussed. This model of stepped care for young children exposed to trauma, called Stepped Care TF-CBT, may serve as a model for developing and testing stepped care approaches to treating other types of childhood psychiatric disorders. Future research needed on Stepped Care TF-CBT is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judith A Cohen
- Center for Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents, Allegheny General Hospital
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Toth SL, Cicchetti D. A developmental psychopathology perspective on child maltreatment. Introduction. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2013; 18:135-9. [PMID: 23886641 PMCID: PMC4520222 DOI: 10.1177/1077559513500380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dante Cicchetti
- Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesot
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Wekerle C, Wolfe D. Risk and resilience in the context of child maltreatment: the way forward. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2013; 37:90-92. [PMID: 23332314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Spieker SJ, Oxford ML, Kelly JF, Nelson EM, Fleming CB. Response to the Barth commentary (2012). CHILD MALTREATMENT 2012. [PMID: 23180864 PMCID: PMC3544192 DOI: 10.1177/1077559512467396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Spieker
- Family & Child Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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