1
|
Li Y, Ji W, Dong X, Guo J, Cai M, Gong X, Xie X, Hou C, Gao J. Experiences of the Older Adults After Being Abused: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024:15248380241270026. [PMID: 39150088 DOI: 10.1177/15248380241270026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Elder abuse is a global public health problem with severe social costs. Research on elder abuse has gradually increased; however, less attention has been paid to older adults' perceptions and experiences of abuse. This review aimed to integrate older adults' perceptions and experiences of abuse to provide a theoretical basis for developing interventions that meet their authentic needs. Six electronic databases were searched to include qualitative studies examining perceptions and experiences of abuse among adults aged 60 years or older, and 22 studies were included. This study used the Joanna Briggs Institute meta-aggregation approach to integrate the qualitative findings, which identified four themes: (a) changes resulting from elder abuse, (b) causes of abuse, (c) barrier factors and facilitating factors to the disclosure of abusive behavior, and (d) adopting different response strategies. The findings revealed that older adults experience persistent physical and psychological burdens and financial stress following abuse. Multiple factors influence the emergence of abuse and older adults search for help from the outside world, especially social support and perceptions of abuse. Older adults can deal with abuse by accepting the status quo or taking steps to change it. These findings have important implications for helping older adults prevent and cope with abuse experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenting Ji
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Julan Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingjin Cai
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Xie
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaoming Hou
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Gao
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peter A S, Prabhu MM, Tolson D, Nayak BS, Bhandary RP, V B, Devi ES. Effectiveness of interventions to prevent abuse in people living with dementia in community settings: A systematic review. DEMENTIA 2024:14713012241260476. [PMID: 38901056 DOI: 10.1177/14713012241260476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review examined the evidence for interventions to prevent the abuse of people living with dementia in the community. METHODS The articles were retrieved from 2000 to 2023 from six databases, including MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL Plus via EBSCO, EMBASE, ProQuest Medical Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The research articles that focused on finding the effectiveness of interventions for preventing abuse of people living with dementia in community settings were included in this review. The review included randomized controlled trials and pre-test post-test trials only. The quality appraisal of the eligible studies was done using ROB 2 and ROBINS II. The findings were tabulated and narratively synthesised. RESULTS Out of 1831 articles, only three were included in this review. Only two RCTs were included in this efficacy review. Both the studies showed that the interventions were not effective in reducing abuse. The studies utilised family caregiver interventions like psychological interventions and online supportive education. The review identified psychological interventions with some evidence. Another study was a quasi-experimental study that used dialectical behaviour therapy as an intervention to reduce abuse occurrence. The study showed low evidence and focused only on reporting of elder abuse as an outcome. CONCLUSION This review found very few studies and was not able to draw a conclusion on the effectiveness of interventions for abuse in people living with dementia. Given the paucity of research, there is a clear need to identify how to overcome the challenges faced in elder abuse research and further refine the development of approaches to reduce elder abuse among people living with dementia in community settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seelia Peter A
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka,India 576104
| | - M Mukhyaprana Prabhu
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India 576104
| | - Debbie Tolson
- Alzheimer's Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice, University of West of Scotland, UK; School of Health and Life Sciences, University of West of Scotland, UK
| | - Baby S Nayak
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India 576104
| | - Rajeshkrishna P Bhandary
- Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India 576104
| | - Binil V
- Department of Psychiatric (Mental Health) Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India 576104
| | - Elsa Sanatombi Devi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India 576104
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reutens S, Karystianis G, Withall A, Butler T. Characteristics of domestic violence perpetrators with dementia from police records using text mining. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1331915. [PMID: 38812490 PMCID: PMC11135125 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1331915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Few studies have examined the characteristics of domestic violence (DV) committed by people with dementia. We provide an overview of DV perpetrated by people with dementia in the community based on police reports of attendances at DV events. Method A text mining method was used on 416,441 New South Wales (NSW) police narratives of DV events from January 2005 to December 2016 to extract information for Persons of Interest (POIs) with mentions of dementia. Results Events involving those with dementia accounted for a relatively low proportion of total DV events (<1%). Of the 260 DV events with a dementia mention for the POI, the most common abuse types were assault (49.7%) and verbal abuse (31.6%). Spouses were the largest group of victims (50.8%) followed by children (8.8%). Physical abuse was common, occurring in 82.4% of events, but injuries were relatively mild. Although weapons were infrequently used, they were involved in 5% of events, mostly by POIs aged 75 years and older. Similarly, the POIs were mainly aged 75+ years (60%), however the proportion of those aged <65 was relatively high (20.8%) compared to the reported prevalence of dementia in that age group. Conclusions This study demonstrates that some cases of DV perpetrated by people with reported dementia are significant enough to warrant police involvement. This highlights the need to proactively discuss the potential for violence as part of the holistic management and support family members, particularly those caring for people with young-onset dementias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Reutens
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - George Karystianis
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adrienne Withall
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tony Butler
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu S, Lou VWQ, Chi I, Ng WC, Zhou J, Huang LK, Hok Ka Ma C, Jagasia M. Validating interRAI Chinese self-reported carer needs (SCaN) assessment and predicting caregiving distress among informal Chinese caregivers of older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:409. [PMID: 38720258 PMCID: PMC11080141 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to (1) determine the reliability and validity of the interRAI Chinese Self-reported Carer Needs (SCaN) assessment among informal Chinese caregivers of older adults, (2) identify predictors of caregiving distress in Asian regions with long-standing Confucian values of filial piety and family responsibility. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 531 informal Chinese caregivers of older adults in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Taiwan, and Singapore. The scale reliability was examined using Cronbach's alphas (α) and McDonald's omega coefficient (ω). The concurrent validity and discriminant validity were assessed using Spearman rank correlations (rho). To examine the predictors of caregiving distress among informal caregivers of older adults, we employed hierarchical linear regression analyses informed by the Model of Carer Stress and Burden and categorized the predictors into six domains. RESULTS Results revealed good internal consistency reliability (α = 0.83-0.96) and concurrent validity (rho = 0.45-0.74) of the interRAI Chinese SCaN assessment. Hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that entering the background factors, primary stressors, secondary stressors, appraisal, and exacerbating factors all significantly enhanced the model's predictability, indicating that the source of caregiving distress is multidimensional. In the full model, caregivers with longer informal care time, lack of support from family and friends, have unmet needs, experience role overload, have sleep problems, and low IADL functioning are at a higher risk of caregiving distress. CONCLUSIONS The interRAI Chinese SCaN Assessment was found to be a reliable and valid tool among the Chinese informal caregivers of older adults. It would be useful for determining family caregivers' strengths, needs, and challenges, and tailoring interventions that address the potentially modifiable factors associated with caregiving distress and maximize support. Healthcare providers working in home and community settings should be aware of the early identification of caregiving distress and routine assessment of their needs and empower them to continue taking care of their needs and providing adequate care to the care recipient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Xu
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Social Work & Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian W Q Lou
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Social Work & Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Iris Chi
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China
| | - Lung-Kuan Huang
- St. Camillus Long-term Care Center, Yi-lan County, Taiwan
- Fo Guang University, Yi-lan County, Taiwan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Walsh CA, Dukart A, Roger K, Goodridge D. Disclosure and Reporting of Abuse Against Older Adults: Perspectives of Older Adults with Abuse Histories and Service Providers in Alberta, Canada. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2024; 67:444-473. [PMID: 38590169 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2024.2339990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This exploratory qualitative study seeks to understand the barriers and facilitators of disclosure and reporting of abuse against older adults by conducting interviews with older adults with lived experience of abuse and service providers working directly with this population in Alberta, Canada. Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: (1) Barriers to disclosure and reporting of abuse; (2) Facilitators to disclosure and reporting; and (3) Key tensions between service providers' and older adults' perceptions of the disclosure and reporting process. Based on these findings, we offer recommendations to increase awareness, promote disclosure, and improve services for older adults experiencing abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Walsh
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amber Dukart
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kerstin Roger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Donna Goodridge
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Huang J, Wang M, Wang F, Luo H, Fan B, Huang Y, Xu W, Zheng C, Zhang M. The domestic elder abuse in China: Scale development and psychometric properties. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 56:7-13. [PMID: 38185005 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
An effective screening tool is essential to elder abuse research. Although several instruments have been developed in China to measure elder abuse, they present several limitations. The instrument development involved three components: (1) generating questionnaire items; (2) questionnaire testing and data collection in older adults; and (3) psychometric evaluation of the Domestic Elder Abuse Scale (DEAS). We collected questionnaire responses from 3725 community-dwelling Chinese older adults. The 26-item DEAS showed good reliability and validity across five dimensions: physical abuse, psychological abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, and abandonment. These five factors accounted for 78.432 % of the total variance, and model fitting results were acceptable. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.975, and the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.934 after 2 weeks. This study developed a five-dimension instrument to measure elder abuse, with good psychometric properties, which can play an essential role in community-based studies in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeqin Yang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jin Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyun Luo
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingjie Fan
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiru Huang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxian Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chonghao Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Qiu D, Wu Q, Ni A, Tang Z, Xiao S. Family caregivers' abusive behaviour and its association with internalized stigma of people living with schizophrenia in China. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:61. [PMID: 37726337 PMCID: PMC10509261 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Family caregiving of people living with schizophrenia (PLS) can be burdensome, and some family caregivers may perpetrate abusive behavior that could be harmful to PLS. This study aims to examine the association of family caregivers' abusive behavior with internalized stigma of PLS and draw attention to this problem. PLS were recruited from four cities across China and completed measures of abusive behavior and internalized stigma. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between family caregivers' abusive behavior and internalized stigma of PLS. A total of 693 PLS were include in this study. 22.7% of the participants had experienced one or more of the abusive behaviors perpetrated by family caregivers. The most common type of abusive behavior towards PLS was verbal abuse and 4.2% of the participants reported physical abuse. 44.6 % of participants reported a high level of internalized stigma. PLS who experienced any abusive behavior by family caregivers had significantly higher levels of internalized stigma. Family caregivers' abusive behavior is positively associated with alienation and social withdrawal but not with stereotype endorsement and discrimination of PLS. To end all forms of stigma and discrimination against PLS, more attention needs to be paid to the families of PLS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilu Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyan Wu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Anyan Ni
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zixuan Tang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuiyuan Xiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choksomngam Y, Petrungjarern T, Ketkit P, Boontak P, Panya R, Wongpakaran T, Wongpakaran N, Lerttrakarnnon P. The Prevalence of Elder Abuse and its Association with Frailty in Elderly Patients at the Outpatient Department of a Super-Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Thailand. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1644. [PMID: 37763763 PMCID: PMC10537392 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The global population is undergoing rapid aging, resulting in an increase in geriatric syndromes and hidden health issues such as elder abuse. However, the prevalence of elder abuse varies across different settings. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with elder abuse at the outpatient department of a super-tertiary care hospital in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 210 elderly patients who visited Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital between May and August 2022. The participants completed several assessments, including the Mini-Cog, Thai Geriatric Depression Scale-6, Core Symptom Index-15, FRAIL scale, Barthel Activities of Daily Living, Interview Guideline for Screening for Elder Abuse, and Diagnostic Criteria for Elder Abuse. Fisher's exact test was used to examine the association between the factors and elder abuse. Results: The Screening for Elder Abuse yielded noteworthy results, with 15.7% of the elderly patients having experienced psychological abuse. However, only a smaller subset of study participants, comprising five individuals or 2.38%, met the diagnostic criteria for elder abuse. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed no significant correlation between elder abuse and the other factors examined in the study. Conclusions: As a result, it is crucial for hospitals to consider preventive measures and implement routine screening protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanee Choksomngam
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Terdsak Petrungjarern
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Perapoln Ketkit
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Pakpoom Boontak
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Ratchanon Panya
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Peerasak Lerttrakarnnon
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mohd Mydin FH, Mikton C, Choo WY, Shanmugam RH, Murray A, Yon Y, Mohd Yunus R, Hairi NN, Mohd Hairi F, Beaulieu M, Phelan A. PROTOCOL: Psychometric properties of instruments for measuring elder abuse and neglect in community and institutional settings: A systematic review. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 19:e1342. [PMID: 37383829 PMCID: PMC10296034 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Background The psychometric properties of elder abuse measurement instruments have not been well-studied. Poor psychometric properties of elder abuse measurement instruments may contribute to the inconsistency of elder abuse prevalence estimates and uncertainty about the magnitude of the problem at the national, regional, and global levels. Objectives The present review will utilise the COSMIN taxonomy on the quality of outcome measures to identify and review the instruments used in measuring elder abuse, assess the instrument's measurement properties, and identify the definitions of elder abuse and abuse subtypes measured by the instrument. Search Methods Searches will be conducted in the following online databases: Ageline, ASSIA, CINAHL, CNKI, EMBASE, Google Scholar, LILACS, Proquest Dissertation & Theses Global, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Sociological Abstract and WHO Index Medicus. Relevant studies will also be identified by searching the grey literature from several resources such as OpenAIRE, BASE, OISter and Age Concern NZPotential studies by searching the references of related reviews. We will contact experts who have conducted similar work or are currently conducting ongoing studies. Enquiries will also be sent to the relevant authors if any important data is missing, incomplete or unclear. Selection Criteria All quantitative, qualitative (that address face and content validity), and mixed-method empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals or the grey literature will be included in this review. Studies will be included if they are primary studies that (1) evaluate one or more psychometric properties; (2) contain information on instrument development, or (3) perform content validity of the instruments designed to measure elder abuse in the community or institutional settings. Studies should describe at least one of the psychometric properties, such as reliability, validity and responsiveness. Study participants represent the population of interest, including males and females aged 60 or older in community or institutional settings (i.e., nursing homes, long-term care facilities, assisted living, residential care institutions, and residential facilities). Data Collection and Analysis Screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts of the selected studies will be evaluated based on the preset inclusion criteria by two reviewers. Two reviewers will be assessing the quality appraisal of each study using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist and the overall quality of evidence of each psychometric property of the instrument against the updated criteria of good measurement properties. Any dispute between the two reviewers will be resolved through discussions or consensus with a third reviewer. The overall quality of the measurement instrument will be graded using a modified GRADE approach. Data extraction will be performed using the data extraction forms adapted from the COSMIN Guideline for Systematic Reviews of Outcome Measurement Instruments. The information includes the characteristic of included instruments (name, adaptation, language used, translation and country of origin), characteristics of the tested population, psychometric properties listed in the COSMIN criteria, including details on the instrument development, content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance, reliability, measurement error, criterion validity, hypotheses testing for construct validity, responsiveness and interoperability. We will perform a meta-analysis to pool psychometric properties parameters (where possible) or summarise qualitatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Mikton
- Department of Social Determinants of HealthWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Wan Yuen Choo
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | | | - Aja Murray
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Yongjie Yon
- World Health Organization Regional Office for EuropeCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Raudah Mohd Yunus
- Department of Public Health MedicineUniversiti Teknologi MARASungai BulohMalaysia
| | - Noran Naqiah Hairi
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Farizah Mohd Hairi
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, École de travail social, Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, CIUSSS Estrie-CHUSUniversité de SherbrookeQuébecCanada
| | - Amanda Phelan
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ali M, Shahrier M, Kafy AA, Ara I, Javed A, Fattah M, Rahaman ZA, Tripura K. Environmental impact assessment of tobacco farming in northern Bangladesh. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14505. [PMID: 36967923 PMCID: PMC10036671 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco farming in Bangladesh has significant and far-reaching environmental impacts, affecting the land, water, and air. While the country has implemented tobacco control measures, the lack of monitoring and enforcement has resulted in environmental degradation and public health concerns. This study aims to document the environmental impact of tobacco farming in Bangladesh, adopting a qualitative approach to collect and analyze data. The study used focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a structured questionnaire survey to gather data, assessing the impact of tobacco farming on the environment, socioeconomic conditions, and human health using a five-point impact assessment scale. Results illustrated that tobacco cultivation contributes to the ecosystem and natural resource degradation, leading to a loss of habitat diversity and domestic animal death. Soil erosion, water pollution, and air pollution from excessive plowing and pesticide usage have also been observed, causing skin diseases and other health issues. Despite some economic benefits, social conditions have worsened due to drug addiction and conflicts among tobacco workers. The study will help policymakers and environmentalists by highlighting the need to take action in reducing the environmental and social impacts of tobacco farming in Bangladesh. It also informs the public about the potential tobacco production and consumption risks. This study provides important insights into the adverse effects of tobacco farming in Bangladesh and emphasizes the importance of implementing appropriate measures to reduce environmental and public health impacts.
Collapse
|
11
|
Amornkitvikai Y, Prachuabmoh V, O'Brien M. Does social participation make Thai psychologically abused elders happier? a stress-buffering effect hypothesis. J Elder Abuse Negl 2023; 35:89-120. [PMID: 37469039 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2023.2236786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of psychological elder abuse on life satisfaction levels in Thailand. This study also analyses the stress-buffering effect of social participation on the life satisfaction levels of Thai mentally abused elderly. Elder abuse has been proven to dramatically reduce Thai elders' levels of life satisfaction as their function in society shrinks owing to ageism. As a result, individuals are more likely to lose their independence and status and be forced to rely on others, increasing the danger of abuse. Elder abuse has a more significant negative impact on life satisfaction levels among Thai older women. Nonetheless, the mentally abused elderly who participate in social activities are happier than those who do not. Thai elders who live with their daughters are more satisfied in life than those who do not, but living with adult offspring does not assist psychologically abused elders in escaping their psychological suffering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yot Amornkitvikai
- College of Population Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vipan Prachuabmoh
- College of Population Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Martin O'Brien
- The Centre for Human and Social Capital Research, Sydney Business School, Faculty of Business and Law, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fang B, Li D, Yan E, Zhou Y, Yu Z, Hu J. Associated factors of discrepancy between older adults and their family caregivers in reporting elder abuse. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:688-700. [PMID: 35289011 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study focuses on elder abuse against older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive and physical impairment who were receiving family care in Chinese context. Specifically, the study examined the associated factors of discrepancy between family caregiver and care recipient reports of elder abuse committed by the caregivers. BACKGROUND Many studies identified the discrepancies between caregivers and care recipients reports of elder abuse, but they did not examine factors contributing to such discrepancies. Various cultural factors may contribute to the accuracy of elder abuse reports. METHODS A consecutive sample of 1,002 older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive and physical impairment and their family caregivers was surveyed. DESIGN Quantitative study with cross-sectional design. RESULTS Moderate-to-substantial agreement in caregiver and care recipient reports was found for all forms of abuse (Cohen's kappa = 0.39 to 0.76). Care recipient reports consistently generated higher rates than caregiver reports for psychological abuse (51.1% vs. 42.8%), physical abuse (1.2% vs. 1.0%), caregiver neglect (65.0% vs. 50.2%) and financial exploitation (40.8% vs. 34.2%). Similar factors were found for dyadic discrepancy in the reporting of various forms of elder abuse, which included desire to gain face, fear of losing face and sense of familism in the caregivers, as well as older age, cognitive impairment and female gender of the care recipient. This study was presented in adherence to the Strobe Checklist. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that family caregivers might not be reliable as the sole informants to report their care recipients' victimization experiences. Information from multiple parties should be gathered and synthesized to obtain more accurate reporting of the frequency and severity of elder abuse. Meanwhile, cultural factors should be taken into account when seeking information related to elder abuse. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE There is a need for multiple parties to provide and report information about the elder abuse. It is also need to consider cultural factors when detecting and intervening elder abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boye Fang
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danyu Li
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elsie Yan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuopeng Yu
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alhalal E, Alkhair Z, Alghazal F, Halabi R, Muhaimeed F. Psychological elder abuse among older Saudi adults: A cross-sectional study. J Elder Abuse Negl 2022; 34:349-368. [PMID: 36597203 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2023.2164880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The research examining elder abuse in diverse cultural contexts, such as in Saudi Arabia, remains limited. This study examined the extent of psychological elder abuse among older Saudi adults and investigated the characteristics of the victims that increase the risk of such abuse and its impact on older adults' self-rated health. Between December 2021 and April 2022, a sample of 444 older adults were recruited from 25 primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia and completed a structured interview. Of those surveyed, 88.3% reported at least one symptom or suspected symptom of psychological elder abuse. Age, gender, income, living arrangements, functioning, and social networking predicted vulnerability psychological elder abuse. Self-rated health was negatively impacted by psychological elder abuse, and this relationship is not moderated by social networking. These findings can provide insights about psychological elder abuse in Saudi Arabia and increase awareness of its impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Alhalal
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Alkhair
- Qatif Health Centers Administration, Qatif Health Network, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rehab Halabi
- The Administration of School Health Affairs in Makkah Health Care Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Muhaimeed
- Hematology/ Oncology unit, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen M, Fu Y. Adverse Childhood Experiences: Are They Associated With Greater Risk of Elder Abuse Victimization? JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP17662-NP17687. [PMID: 34641720 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211028328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Though a growing number of studies have examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and negative later-life health outcomes, the effects of these early life-course factors on elder abuse victimization have yet to be fully investigated. Using a life-course perspective, this study examines the associations between ACEs and elder abuse victimization. We used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in Beijing, China. A total of 1,002 older adults were included in this study. Retrospective self-report items were used to measure ACEs and elder abuse victimization in later life. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to examine the associations between ACEs and elder abuse victimization. Five types of ACEs (i.e., socio-economic difficulty of the original family, parental divorce, frequent quarrels between parents, frequent physical punishment by parents, and starvation) were associated with a higher risk of elder abuse victimization. After controlling for participants' socio-demographic characteristics and adding these five types of ACEs simultaneously in the multivariate regression model, the poor socio-economic status of the original family (OR = 1.759, p < .05) and suffering frequent physical punishment inflicted by parents (OR = 2.288, p < .05) were found to be significantly associated with elder abuse victimization. To have multiple (at least 4) ACEs is a risk factor for elder abuse victimization as well (OR = 3.06, p < .001). This study provides evidence for ACEs as risk factors for elder abuse victimization. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening our understanding of the impacts of ACEs in both research and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengtong Chen
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- Beijing Normal University, Haidian, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao Y, Xu F, Fan X, Wang H, Tsui KL, Guan Y. Prediction of Wellness Condition for Community-Dwelling Elderly via ECG Signals Data-Based Feature Construction and Modeling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11136. [PMID: 36078847 PMCID: PMC9518405 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The accelerated growth of elderly populations in many countries and regions worldwide is creating a major burden to the healthcare system. Intelligent approaches for continuous health monitoring have the potential to promote the transition to more proactive and affordable healthcare. Electrocardiograms (ECGs), collected from portable devices, with noninvasive and cost-effective merits, have been widely used to monitor various health conditions. However, the dynamic and heterogeneous pattern of ECG signals makes relevant feature construction and predictive model development a challenging task. In this study, we aim to develop an integrated approach for one-day-forward wellness prediction in the community-dwelling elderly using single-lead short ECG signal data via multiple-features construction and predictive model implementation. Vital signs data from the elderly were collected via station-based equipment on a daily basis. After data preprocessing, a set of features were constructed from ECG signals based on the integration of various models, including time and frequency domain analysis, a wavelet transform-based model, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), and the refined composite multiscale sample entropy (RCMSE) model. Then, a machine learning based predictive model was established to map the l-day lagged features to wellness condition. The results showed that the approach developed in this study achieved the best performance for wellness prediction in the community-dwelling elderly. In practice, the proposed approach could be useful in the timely identification of elderly people who might have health risks, and could facilitating decision-making to take appropriate interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Fan Xu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaomao Fan
- College of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Leung Tsui
- Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Yurong Guan
- Department of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Effect of physical frailty on elder mistreatment in a national survey: examining psychological vulnerability, housework involvement, and financial independence as mediators. Int Psychogeriatr 2022; 34:743-753. [PMID: 34127165 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610221000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the prevalence of EM in an older Chinese population and examine the mediating role of three psychosocial variables - psychological vulnerability, housework involvement, and financial independence - in the relationship between physical frailty and EM. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING The data source was the Third Survey on Chinese Women's Social Status (SCSSW), which is a nationwide decennial survey conducted in 2010. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling adults aged 60 and older who participated in SCSSW (N = 3516). MEASUREMENTS The past-year prevalence of EM and its seven subtypes, physical frailty, psychological vulnerability, housework involvement, financial independence, and demographic characteristics. RESULTS The past-year prevalence of EM was 4% among Chinese older adults, with psychological abuse being the most common subtype (3.9%). A higher level of physical frailty had a direct influence on EM. Older adults with higher levels of physical frailty were more likely to have higher levels of psychological vulnerability (anxiety, loneliness, and uselessness) and lower levels of housework involvement, which further correlated with increased risk of EM. Frail Chinese older adults were less likely to have financial independence, which in turn, surprisingly predicted a lower probability of EM. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative sample, we provided the first evidence of the prevalence of EM among Chinese older adults and expanded the global understanding of EM by examining the mediating role of three psychosocial variables. Future studies are warranted to corroborate our findings and identify factors contributing to the complex mechanism of EM.
Collapse
|
17
|
Shreeniwas S, Khadka N. A community engaged exploratory study investigating the risk of elder abuse and neglect in two refugee communities in Greensboro, North Carolina. J Elder Abuse Negl 2022; 34:280-301. [PMID: 36000164 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2022.2114970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Elder abuse and neglect (EAN) are serious health and human rights issues. Less is known about EAN in refugee communities. University researchers and leaders of a refugee services nonprofit partnered to conduct an exploratory community engaged study on EAN risks in two refugee communities in North Carolina. A convenience sample of 17 Nepali-speaking Bhutanese and 13 Congolese self-identified older adults filled short surveys and participated in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Descriptive survey findings showed EAN risk, isolation, economic insecurity, and family dependency, more among Congolese. FGDs yielded no reports of EAN, but showed dependence on family, and difficulties with language, transportation, and economic insecurity in both groups. These factors indicate individual and contextual vulnerabilities for EAN in these communities. An EAN awareness event was conducted for participants by a family violence nonprofit. Refugee older adults need culturally appropriate coordinated services including EAN information, English classes, job skills, income, and transportation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Shreeniwas
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Narayan Khadka
- Co-founder and Researcher, Institute for Peace and Harmony, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen M, Chan KL. Elder Abuse and Neglect in China: Prevalence, Co-occurrence, and Intergenerational Risk Factors. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP9839-NP9862. [PMID: 33415994 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520985501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and patterns of elder abuse and neglect in China have been understudied. The objectives of this study were to examine the chronicity and prevalence of different patterns of elder abuse, and the influence of individual and contextual risk factors. We used data from a sample of 7,466 adults randomly recruited from six regions in China. The participants responded to a questionnaire about their demographic characteristics, childhood abuse experiences, and instances of abuse and neglect against their elderly parents. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of elder abuse and neglect with individual and contextual factors. The results showed that one in 10 participants reported that their elderly parents had experienced abuse or neglect in the past year. The elder victims were reported to have suffered different types of abuse and neglect on multiple occasions, ranging from 3.6 to 11.82 times on average. More than 5% of participants reported that their elderly parents had suffered two or more types of abuse and neglect in the past year, accounting for 40% of the elderly victims. The co-occurrence of elder abuse within elderly couples was also high. Reports of abuse and neglect of elderly parents were related to low socioeconomic status, living in rural areas, and the experience of childhood abuse of the participants. This study supports the model of intergenerational transmission of violence in the Chinese population. The high prevalence, chronicity, and co-occurrence of elder abuse and neglect underline the importance of screening for risk factors, and have implications for preventive practice and policy.
Collapse
|
19
|
Koga C, Tsuji T, Hanazato M, Suzuki N, Kondo K. Elder Abuse and Depressive Symptoms: Which is Cause and Effect? Bidirectional Longitudinal Studies From the JAGES. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP9403-NP9419. [PMID: 33280484 PMCID: PMC9136480 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520967135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elder abuse is a serious public health concern that increases the risks of negative health outcomes globally. It is well known that abuse in older adults is associated with depression; however, longitudinal studies investigating the causal relationship between these events are scarce. Because the cause precedes the result over time, the temporal relationships between abuse and depression should be verified from each direction. This longitudinal study, therefore, investigated and clarified whether depression causes or results from elder abuse among older Japanese adults. Two longitudinal analyses were conducted using data derived from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The data were collected in 2010 and 2013 through a mail survey of 1,737 people (983 females, 754 males) across Japan. Of those who did not experience abuse in 2010, 38 (5.0%) males and 53 (5.4%) females newly experienced abuse in 2013. Among respondents who did not have depressive symptoms in 2010, 60 (8.0%) males and 61 (6.2%) females newly reported depressive symptoms in 2013. After adjusting for demographic factors in Analysis 1, people who experienced abuse were 2.28-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.68-3.09) more likely to have depressive symptoms three years later than those who were not abused. In Analysis 2, respondents who had mild or severe depression in 2010 were 2.23-fold (95% CI = 1.61-3.10) more likely to have experienced abuse after three years than those who did not have depression. After adjusting for several demographic factors, the results showed that abuse can lead to depression and that depression can be a cause of abuse. Therefore, preventing abuse should be considered from both directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Katsunori Kondo
- Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yalçın Gürsoy M, Tanriverdi G. Elder Abuse Prevalance and Related Risk Factors in Turkey: a Systematic Review. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
21
|
von Humboldt S, Ribeiro-Gonçalves JA, Leal I. Bullying in Old Age: A Qualitative Study on Older Adults' Perceptions About Being Bullied. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:2896-2919. [PMID: 32706291 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520943709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Significant demographic changes and a growing aging population increasingly emphasize the importance of assessing phenomena of violence against older adults, who constitute a vulnerable population. Therefore, bullying in old age is a poorly studied phenomena, but of growing importance. This study aims to analyze the perspectives of bullying in old age, using qualitative research at a cross-national level. We interviewed 173 older participants aged 65-91 years. Participants were Portuguese and English and lived in the community. Participants were subjected to semi-structured interviews. All the interviews went through a process of content analysis. Sample recruitment occurred through initial telephone contact, followed by a request to participate. Outcomes of content analysis produced seven themes, all of them associated with bullying experiences such as compromised learning capacity, loss of sense of agency and decision-making, asexuality, less attractive appearance, less social skills, gender discrimination, and less financial resources. Portuguese older adults felt mostly bullied for their loss of sense of agency and decision-making, less attractive appearance, less social skills, and less financial resources, while English participants mostly felt bullied for their compromised learning capacity, gender discrimination, and asexuality. The themes identified as being the most prominent in bullying are valuable guidelines for social policies and interventions toward bullying among older adults. Considering the scarcity of studies on bullying in older adults, this study is relevant for understanding the experience of older adults in relation to being bullied and for implementing psychosocial intervention programs including bullying situations that affect community-dwelling older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabel Leal
- ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang LP, Du YG, Dou HY, Liu J. The prevalence of elder abuse and neglect in rural areas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Geriatr Med 2022; 13:585-596. [PMID: 35224680 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-022-00628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many epidemiological studies have reported that elder abuse and neglect were prevalent in rural areas. However, none of them has synthesized the literature in this field. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the overall prevalence of elder abuse and neglect in rural areas through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify eligible articles, with no language restrictions. Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager software (version 5.3). Meta-analyses and sensitivity analysis were performed using a random-effects model. All results were reported as the pooled prevalence of elder and neglect with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The quality of the included studies was evaluated by strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. Potential publication bias was assessed by the funnel plot. RESULTS 13 cross-sectional studies involving 10,313 participants were eligible. The prevalence of elder abuse and neglect ranged from 4.5 to 61.7% across the rural areas, and pooled prevalence estimate was 33% (95% CI 23-43). The prevalence of physical abuse was estimated at 7% (95% CI 5-9), financial abuse at 5% (95% CI 4-7), psychological/emotional abuse at 17% (95% CI 11-23), and neglect at 26% (95% CI 17-35). There was significant heterogeneity among the included studies. Stratified analyses revealed that sampling design was part of the heterogeneity source. WHO regions, gender, countries' income classification, and study quality could not explain the potential reasons for heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS The pooled prevalence of elder abuse and neglect was relatively high in rural areas. Early and targeted screening and prevention are needed. There is an urgent need for high quality studies using agreed definition of elder abuse and neglect to protect the potential high risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Zhang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Area of Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Ya-Ge Du
- School of Nursing, Peking University, 38 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hao-Ying Dou
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Area of Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Area of Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alraddadi K. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Elder Mistreatment in Sheltered Homes. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:1588-1603. [PMID: 32484007 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520922354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Elder mistreatment is common in both community and institutional settings. However, the prevalence of elder mistreatment and its association with risk factors in sheltered homes are unknown. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of mistreatment among elderly living in sheltered homes. A second objective was to compare socio-demographics and other characteristics between elderly groups with or without a history of mistreatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 43 sheltered homes and utilized a face-to face, self-reporting interview with residents to complete structured question regarding each participant's previous 12 months. The questionnaires included seven sections, including one section for demographics, five sections for subtypes of mistreatments (physical, psychological, financial, sexual, and neglect), and one section about health status and functional capacity. Among the 446 elderly participants, 81% of all participants experienced at least one type of mistreatment. Psychological was the most common type of elder mistreatment (71%), followed by neglect (67%), financial mistreatment (54%), and physical mistreatment (13%). Sexual mistreatment was rarely reported by the participants (0.01%). The most common risk factors associated with elder mistreatment were female gender and chronic illnesses. Elder mistreatment is common among the elderly living in sheltered homes, particularly in woman and those with chronic illness. Further studies are needed to better understand the risk factors that lead to the high prevalence of mistreatment in these settings.
Collapse
|
24
|
Giraldo-Rodríguez L, Mino-León D, Aragón-Grijalva SO, Agudelo-Botero M. The revictimization of older Mexican women: understanding the accumulation of multiple victimizations throughout a lifetime. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:41. [PMID: 35012475 PMCID: PMC8751368 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The victimization of women constitutes a human rights violation and a health risk factor. The central objectives of this study were to analyze the probability of revictimization among older adult Mexican women and to examine whether child abuse (CA) and/or intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with a greater risk of elder abuse (EA) victimization. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of 18416 women 60 and older, based on data from the National Survey on the Dynamics of Household Relationships (2016), which is national and subnational representative. A descriptive analysis was carried out using retrospective self-reports of victimization experiences (CA, IPV, and EA). The prevalence of victimization and multiple victimizations in the various stages of the lives of women, as well as of revictimization among older adult women were obtained. Bayesian logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between victimization, multiple victimization, and EA victimization. Results A total of 17.3% of the older adult women reported EA in the last year; of these, 81.0% had been revictimized and 14.0% reported CA, IPV, and EA. The risk of EA rose among women who reported a combination of psychological and sexual CA, and psychological, physical and sexual CA and psychological and sexual IPV, and a psychological, economic, physical and sexual IPV. EA was higher among women who had suffered more than one type of violence. Conclusion CA and IPV, particularly sexual abuse and psychological violence, can be risk factors for EA. Screening tools used to prevent and detect EA should include questions about domestic violence over the course of a person’s lifetime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dolores Mino-León
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Olinsser Aragón-Grijalva
- Maestría en Ciencias Matemáticas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Agudelo-Botero
- Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Z, Zhu R, Lai X, Chen W, Zhuang J. The incidence of elder abuse under East Asian cultural background: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37. [PMID: 34695267 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elder abuse (EA) is a critical social, health, and economic issue worldwide. To date, there is limited information on EA in certain similar culture-specific subpopulations, especially in East Asia. This study aims to summarize EA incidence in East Asia through a systematic review and meta-analysis and identify its variations and heterogeneity in the incidence estimates. METHODS/DESIGN The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Systematic review registration number PROSPERO CRD42020197131. A systematic literature search was performed to identify relevant articles published before July 5th, 2020, from six electronic databases. Two reviewers screened for relevance of the studies against eligible criteria and assessed the bias of the included studies independently. A random-effect model was adopted to estimate the incidence of EA, followed by subgroup analyses and multi meta-regression. Sensitivity and publication bias tests were performed to verify the robustness of the meta-analysis by Stata version 15.1. RESULTS Twelve eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis, which involved 79,395 subjects from 3 East Asian countries (China, Japan, and South Korea) ranging from 2004 to 2020. The overall incidence of EA was 78.33 per 1000 person-year (95% CI: 39.12-156.87) with high between-study variability (χ2 = 15,568, d.f. = 11, p<0.001; I2 = 99.9%). The sampling method, sample size, scope, instrument, data collection method, income classification, types of participants, and urbanity are all the sources of heterogeneity, which can explain nearly 100% of the variance between studies. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of EA in this study is not as high as the global level. It may be furtherly underestimated in East Asia due to cultural norms. It is imperative to develop a culture-tailored EA assessment instrument to evaluate potential victims. Future studies should also identify more effective educational programs to raise the public's awareness and promote recognition ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhu Wang
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaolan Lai
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wencong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Jiayuan Zhuang
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Isac C, Lee P, Arulappan J. Older adults with chronic illness - Caregiver burden in the Asian context: A systematic review. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2021; 104:2912-2921. [PMID: 33958255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Upsurge in life expectancy, filial responsibility of caring, and healthcare advances have increased the older adult population in Asia. The last decade has witnessed nuclear families' proliferation in Asia, leaving family caregivers with more accountability and responsibility. This review explores the pattern of caregiver burden among caregivers of older adults with chronic illness in Asia. METHODS PRISMA guidelines serves as the framework for this systematic review. Studies from selected databases assessed caregivers' physical state, psychological dysfunction, and or burden as an outcome measure. The Newcastle - Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale appraised the quality of the selected studies. RESULTS The review included 12 research articles. Caregivers consistently report mild to a moderate burden. Care recipient with functional dependency, comorbidities, memory, and sleep impairments, escalate caregiver burden. Caregiver variables intensifying burden were advancing age, male gender, spouse as a care recipient, longer care provision duration, and no assistance. CONCLUSION Optimal levels of emotional well-being, significant family/social support, and self-preparedness among caregivers are grounds for their empowerment. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS A paradigm shift from 'caregiver burden' to 'caregiver resilience' is advocated. Routine screening, preventive measures (skill-building and psychosocial empowerment), and restorative services (respite care and problem-based home visiting) for caregivers are forecasted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrani Isac
- Lecturer, Adult Health & Critical Care, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Premila Lee
- Professor, Medical Surgical Department, College of Nursing, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Judie Arulappan
- Assistant Professor, Maternity & Child Health, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sweileh WM. Global Research Activity on Elder Abuse: A Bibliometric Analysis (1950-2017). J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 23:79-87. [PMID: 32488667 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-01034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Elder abuse is an emerging worldwide public health, human right, and social priority for governments and health policy makers. The aim of the current study was to provide an in-depth quantitative analysis of literature on elder abuse published in academic journals. A bibliometric method was implemented using Scopus database for the study period from 1950 to 2017. The search strategy utilized specific keywords to retrieve relevant documents. One thousand eight hundred seventy-two documents appeared in Scopus when using the search strategy. The annual number of publications showed a fluctuating pattern in the past four decades. Publications on elder abuse originated mainly from Northern America and Western Europe. International research collaboration on elder abuse was relatively low. The mean number of authors per document was 1.4. The Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect published almost one third of the retrieved documents. The Rush University was the most active institution and Professor Dong, X.Q. was the most active author in this field. The most frequently encountered keywords were risk factors, prevalence, intervention, prevention, dementia, and nursing homes. Physical abuse was the most common type of elder abuse studied followed by psychological and financial abuse. Elder abuse is under-researched and of limited priority in most world regions. Governments need to take into consideration preventive policies of elder abuse based on research findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M Sweileh
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology/Toxicology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Acharya SR, Suman BK, Pahari S, Shin YC, Moon DH. Prevalence of abuse among the elderly population of Syangja, Nepal. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1348. [PMID: 34233660 PMCID: PMC8265061 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elder abuse is recognized as a serious public health concern and top priority aging issues. World Health Organization reported that around 1 out of 6 old people in the world experienced some form of abuse. This study was carried out to find out the prevalence of different forms of abuse among elderly Nepalese people. Methods The cross-sectional, quantitative analytical study was carried out among 373 elders of the Syangja district of Nepal. The study population was selected through simple, proportionate, and systematic sampling methods. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Results The majority of participants were female (54.5%). The prevalence of elderly abuse was found to be 54.5%. The most common form of abuse among the elderly population was neglect (23.1%), psychological abuse (20.6%), physical abuse (6.5%), financial abuse (2.4%), and sexual abuse (1.9%). Elderly females were significantly more likely to experience physical and psychological abuse. Conclusion More than half of the elderly experienced at least one form of abuse. Neglect was found to be the most common form of abuse. The abuse was prevalent among elderly who were ill and with the habit of tobacco and alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Raj Acharya
- Graduate School of Public Health, Busan Medical Campus, Inje University, Busan, South Korea.
| | - B K Suman
- La Grandee International College, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Sandip Pahari
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Yong Chul Shin
- Department of Occupational Health & Safety, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Deog Hwan Moon
- Graduate School of Public Health, Busan Medical Campus, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kshatri JS, Bhoi T, Barik SR, Palo SK, Pati S. Is multimorbidity associated with risk of elder abuse? Findings from the AHSETS study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:413. [PMID: 34217225 PMCID: PMC8255025 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an increasing number of older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), the burden of multimorbidity and functional dependence is on the rise. At the same time, a higher prevalence of elder abuse is observed in these populations. There is scarce evidence on the interplay between elder abuse and multimorbidity with no reports from LMIC settings yet. Present study examined the association of multimorbidity with the risk of elder abuse and its correlates in a rural elderly population of Odisha, India. METHODS The data for this study was collected as a part of our AHSETS study comprising of 725 older adults residing in rural Odisha, India. Multimorbidity was assessed by the MAQ PC tool while Hwalek-Sengstock elder abuse screening test (HS-EAST) was used to assess the risk of elder abuse. Functional dependence was measured by the Lawton IADL questionnaire. We used ordinal logistic regression models to identify the correlates of elder abuse and test for mediation by functional dependence. RESULTS Around 48.8 % (95 % CI:45.13-52.53 %) older adults had multimorbidity while 33.8 % (95 % CI:30.35-37.35 %) had some form of dependence. Out of 725, 56.6 % (CI 52.85-60.19 %) were found to be at low-risk elder abuse and 15.9 % (CI 13.27-18.72 %) being at high-risk. The prevalence of higher risk of elder abuse was greater among females, non-literates, widowed persons, those not currently working and those belonging to lower socio-economic strata. The risk of elder abuse was significantly associated with multimorbidity (AOR = 1.68; 95 %CI: 1.11-2.57) and functional dependence (AOR = 2.08; 95 %CI: 1.41-3.06). Additionally, we found a partial mediation mechanism of functional dependency between the pathway of multimorbidity and elder abuse. CONCLUSIONS Elder abuse and multimorbidity are emerging as issues of significant concern among rural elderly in Odisha, India. Multimorbidity and functional dependence are associated with significantly higher odds of elder abuse among rural older adults. Further, we report the role of functional dependence as a partial mediator between multimorbidity and elder abuse. Therefore, potential interventions on reducing the economic, physical and care dependence among multimorbid patients may reduce the risk of elder abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Singh Kshatri
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Trilochan Bhoi
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Shakti Ranjan Barik
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Palo
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sinha D, Mishra PS, Srivastava S, Kumar P. Socio-economic inequality in the prevalence of violence against older adults - findings from India. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:322. [PMID: 34016039 PMCID: PMC8135164 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence against older adults is a well-recognised socio-psychological and public health problem. It is uncared-for, undiagnosed, and an untreated problem that is widespread across both developed and developing countries. The present paper aims to understand the extent of the socio-economic status related inequality in violence against older adults in India. METHODS The study uses data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI). Violence against older adults is the outcome variable for the study and is defined as older adults who faced any abuse or violence or neglect or disrespect by any person. Bivariate analysis and regression-based decomposition technique is used to understand the relative contribution of various socio-economic factors to violence against older adults (N = 9541). RESULTS The prevalence of violence faced by older adults was 11.2%. Older adults aged 80+ years [OR: 1.49; CI: 1.14-1.93] and working [OR: 1.26; CI: 1.02-1.56] had higher likelihood to face violence than their counterparts. On the other hand, older adults who were currently in union [OR: 0.79; CI: 0.65-0.95], lived with children [OR: 0.53; CI: 0.40-0.72] and who belonged to richer wealth quintile [OR: 0.35; CI:0.24-0.51] had lower likelihood to suffer from violence than their counterparts. The decomposition results revealed that poor older adults were more prone to violence (Concentration index: - 0.20). Household's wealth status was responsible for explaining 93.7% of the socio-economic status related inequality whereas living arrangement of older adults explained 13.7% of the socio-economic related inequality. Education and working status of older adults made a substantial contribution to the inequalities in reported violence, explaining 3.7% and 3.3% of the total inequality, respectively. CONCLUSION Though interpretation of the results requires a cautious understanding of the data used, the present study highlights some of the relevant issues faced by the country's older adults. With no or meagre income of their own, older adults belonging to the poorest wealth quintile have little or no bargaining power to secure a violent free environment for themselves. Therefore, special attention in terms of social and economic support should be given to the economically vulnerable older population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Sinha
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - Prem Shankar Mishra
- Population Research Centre, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560072 India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- Department of Mathematical Demography & Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Mathematical Demography & Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Şentürk S, Güzel A, Ergün G, Çetinkaya A. Determination of the knowledge and awareness of nursing students about elder neglect and abuse: The case in Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:627-634. [PMID: 32715487 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study determined the level of knowledge and awareness of elder neglect and abuse among nursing students in Turkey. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional, descriptive study surveyed 2128 nursing students across seven Turkish universities. FINDINGS Results indicated that 31.1% of students had received training on elder neglect and abuse; 77.5% considered their knowledge of the topic to be sufficient; 18.7% had encountered elder neglect and abuse during their education; 58.7% did nothing for the situation; 95.2% thought that people living alone were exposed to elder neglect and abuse more frequently; and 94.8% of students thought that elders who could not meet their own needs were exposed to more neglect and abuse. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Future nurses need to increase their level of knowledge about abuse and neglect of the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Şentürk
- Department of Nursing, Bucak Health School, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Bucak-Burdur, Turkey
| | - Aysun Güzel
- Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Gül Ergün
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Adil Çetinkaya
- Adil ÇETİNKAYA Nurse, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Farnia V, Bajoghli H, Golshani S, Shakeri J, Maurandi-López A, Rubio L, Perez-Carceles MD. Elder abuse among Spanish and Iranian people: new methodological approach to the same old story. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:1515-1524. [PMID: 33783603 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Elder abuse continues to be a taboo, mostly underestimated, ignored by societies across the world. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have revealed significant variations in the prevalence of elder abuse, with large geographic variations. This is the first study that compares the prevalence of elder abuse and risk factors between a European and Asian countries and using the same method. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Spain and Iran. Eight hundred forty subjects, aged 65 and over, were chosen randomly from patients in primary care health centres. Prevalence of abuse and subtypes and risk factors were obtained using structured interviews. To minimize the potential effects of selection bias, a propensity score matching was performed. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to evaluate the possible relationships among all the variables and to identify specific profiles. Five hundred thirty-two older people remained for the analysis after matching. The prevalence of abuse was 39.1% in Spain and 80.5% in Iran. Elder abuse and its subtypes are significantly more probable in Iran than in Spain. Out of every five elderly people questioned, two in Spain and four in Iran responded affirmatively to a question concerning elder abuse. Multiple correspondence analysis allows the differences between patterns of elder abuse between both populations to be visualized. Elder abuse is a prevalent problem in Spain and Iran. While some characteristics are shared in the pattern of abuse there are different profiles between the two countries. Detecting elder abuse should be a priority objective in clinical and forensic setting. Key points • This is the first study that compares the prevalence of elder abuse between a European and Asian country, using the same methodology. • Multiple correspondence analysis allows specific elder abuse profiles to be identified. • Elder abuse is significantly more likely to occur in Iran than in Spain. • Out of every five elderly people questioned, two in Spain and four in Iran responded affirmatively to a question concerning elder abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Farnia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hafez Bajoghli
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Senobar Golshani
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jalal Shakeri
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Maurandi-López
- Department of Didactics of Mathematical and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis Rubio
- Primary Care Management, Murcia Health Service, E-30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria D Perez-Carceles
- Institute of Research into Aging, Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca), Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", School of Medicine, University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lee JJ, Tsang WN, Yang SC, Kwok JYY, Lou VWQ, Lau KK. Qualitative Study of Chinese Stroke Caregivers' Caregiving Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Stroke 2021; 52:1407-1414. [PMID: 33588588 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to disruptions in health care service delivery worldwide, inevitably affecting stroke survivors requiring ongoing rehabilitation and chronic illness management. To date, no published research has been found on stroke caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore Hong Kong stroke caregivers' caregiving experiences in the midst of this difficult time. METHODS Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with 25 Chinese adult primary stroke caregivers from May to June 2020 via telephone. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an interpretive description approach and constant comparison strategy. RESULTS Five themes of the stroke caregiving experience during the COVID-19 pandemic emerged: care service adversities, additional caregiving workload and strain, threatened relationship between caregiver and stroke survivors, threats to caregivers' physical and psychological well-being, and needs for continuing caregiving roles. Our findings suggested that caregivers have worsened physical and psychological well-being because of increases in care burden with simultaneously reduced formal and informal support. The relationship between caregiver and stroke survivor was subsequently affected, placing some survivors at heightened risk of abuse. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides valuable findings about stroke caregiving experiences and needs during the pandemic. Delivery of psychological support, telemedicine, and household hygiene resources would be useful to mitigate caregivers' psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Jae Lee
- School of Nursing (J.J.L., W.N.T., J.Y.Y.K.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wing Nga Tsang
- School of Nursing (J.J.L., W.N.T., J.Y.Y.K.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sook Ching Yang
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom (S.C.Y.).,Now with Central Coast Local Health District, New South Wales Health, Australia (S.C.Y)
| | - Jojo Yan Yan Kwok
- School of Nursing (J.J.L., W.N.T., J.Y.Y.K.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Vivian W Q Lou
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, Department of Social Work and Social Administration (V.W.Q.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kui Kai Lau
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine (K.K.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fang B, Yan E. Abuse of Older Persons With Cognitive and Physical Impairments: Comparing Percentages Across Informants and Operational Definitions. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:1682-1698. [PMID: 29295000 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517742150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study compared percentages of elder abuse reported by older adults and their family caregivers, using reports from attending medical professionals to triangulate the reports. Percentages were also compared using different criteria proposed in the literature. In total, 1,002 older Chinese aged 55 years or above and their primary family caregivers were recruited from three leading public hospitals in Guangdong, People's Republic of China. Caregivers and care recipients were separately interviewed and provided information on their demographic characteristics and past year percentages of abuse. A clinical team including a chief physician, two attending physicians, three resident physicians, and two senior nurses provided observer measures through reviewing the medical records and their daily observations. Regardless of the informants and operational definitions used, caregiver neglect was the most commonly reported (35.4% to 65.0%), followed by psychological abuse (11.1% to 51.1%), financial exploitation (17.9% to 40.8%), and physical abuse (0.8% to 2.2%). This study found huge variations in percentages of elder abuse by different informants and operational definitions. Depending on the types of abuse concerned, different informants should be consulted to yield more reliable estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boye Fang
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Elsie Yan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sooryanarayana R, Ganapathy SS, Wong NI, Rosman A, Choo WY, Hairi NN. Elder abuse: Nationwide findings among
community‐dwelling
Malaysian older persons. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20 Suppl 2:85-91. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajini Sooryanarayana
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
- Family Health Development Division Ministry of Health Malaysia Putrajaya Malaysia
| | - Shubash Shander Ganapathy
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Norazizah Ibrahim Wong
- Sector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Azriman Rosman
- Non‐Communicable Disease Division Ministry of Health Malaysia Putrajaya Malaysia
| | - Wan Yuen Choo
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence‐Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Noran Naqiah Hairi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence‐Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Badrfam R, Zandifar A. Asia and COVID-19; The need to continue mental health care to prevent the spread of suicide in the elderly. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102452. [PMID: 33271731 PMCID: PMC7554465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
• There is serious concern about the probable increase in the prevalence of suicide due to the global pandemic of COVID-19 in the elderly in Asia. • Mental health care programs should be of higher quality at the same time as trying to control the existing pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Badrfam
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atefeh Zandifar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rajaei Educational & Medical Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen W, Fang F, Chen Y, Wang J, Gao Y, Xiao J. The relationship between personality traits, caring characteristics and abuse tendency among professional caregivers of older people with dementia in long‐term care facilities. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:3425-3434. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Chen
- School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Fan Fang
- School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuanmin Gao
- School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Julan Xiao
- School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Honarvar B, Gheibi Z, Asadollahi A, Bahadori F, Khaksar E, Rabiey Faradonbeh M, Farjami M. The Impact of Abuse on the Quality of Life of the Elderly: A Population-based Survey in Iran. J Prev Med Public Health 2020; 53:89-97. [PMID: 32268463 PMCID: PMC7142012 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.19.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The quality of life (QoL) of the elderly and elder abuse are growing public health concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of abuse and the association between QoL and abuse in older adults. Methods Multistage random cluster sampling, along with valid QoL (LEIPAD: LEIden, the Netherlands; PADua, Italy; Helsinki, Finland) and abuse questionnaires, were used to assess QoL and elder abuse. Path analysis was performed using Mplus. SPSS and AMOS were used for the other analyses. Results A total of 386 elderly individuals with a mean age of 68.00±6.10 years were interviewed, of whom 200 (51.8%), 289 (74.9%), and 376 (97.4%) were women, educated, and married, respectively. Moreover, 167 (43.2%) had low-to-moderate QoL, and 108 (27.9%) had experienced a moderate level of abuse. QoL and abuse were inversely associated (r=-0.253), with men (β=-0.24) more affected than women (β=-0.21). Musculoskeletal disorders were also strong determinants of QoL in the elderly. QoL was strongly associated with emotional abuse, while abuse was highly related to the social component of QoL. Furthermore, emotional abuse was the type of abuse most significantly associated with the self-care, depression/anxiety, cognitive, and social components of QoL. Sexual abuse, violation of personal rights, and neglect were the main determinants of the physical functioning, life satisfaction, and sexual domains of QoL, respectively. Conclusions Nearly half of the elderly individuals lacked a high QoL, and at least one-fourth had experienced some form of abuse. Elder abuse was correlated inversely with QoL. Therefore, preventive interventions are recommended to decrease elder abuse in the family, community, and other settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Honarvar
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Gheibi
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolrahim Asadollahi
- Department of Healthy Aging, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Bahadori
- Department of Healthy Aging, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elahe Khaksar
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rabiey Faradonbeh
- Department of Healthy Aging, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farjami
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Alexa ID, Ilie AC, Pislaru AI, Dronic A, Gavrilovici O, Alexa-Stratulat T, Stefaniu R, Sandu I, Nuta C, Herghelegiu AM. Elder abuse and associated factors in eastern romania. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:196-205. [PMID: 31801183 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article explores elder abuse in a hospitalised population. We wanted to identify details related to psychological and emotional abuse in the older population in our region and to determine the importance of the Elderly Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI© ) in comprehensive geriatric assessments. METHODS This cross-sectional study conducted between March 2015 and May 2016 included 386 consecutive hospitalised patients over 65 years of age. All patients underwent a geriatric assessment, data were collected about their medical history, and the EASI© was administered to each. The main outcome was identifying the presence, the type of abuse and the factors associated with abuse. RESULTS There were 21.5% of patients who suffered any form of abuse. Women were more frequently abused than men. Emotional abuse was the most common (60.2%) followed by neglect (53%) and physical abuse (22.91%); sexual abuse was absent in our study group. The abused patients had an impaired cognitive function (P = 0.034). They were also malnourished (P ≤ 0.001) and depressed (P = 0.001). The presence of peripheral artery disease, stroke, pneumonia, chronic kidney disease, musculoskeletal diseases and anxiety correlated with the presence of abuse. No statistically significant correlation was found between the degree of independence in instrumental activities of daily living and the presence of abuse (r = 0.105, P = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS EASI is a tool for detecting elder abuse and should be included in the standard geriatric assessment to prevent ageism. The number of abused elderly patients is significant, and the multiple factors associated with abuse are diverse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ramona Stefaniu
- Gr T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Ioana Sandu
- Gr T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Catalina Nuta
- "Ana Aslan" National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anna Marie Herghelegiu
- "Ana Aslan" National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Bucharest, Romania.,"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pampolim G, Leite FMC. Neglect and psychological abuse of older adults in a Brazilian state: analysis of reports between 2011 and 2018. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562020023.190272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: to identify the prevalence of neglect and psychological abuse of older adults and their associations with the characteristics of the victim, the aggressor and the type of aggression in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Method: a cross-sectional study, with data on reports of neglect and psychological abuse of older adults registered in the Espírito Santo Reports of Disease and Harm Information System between 2011-2018. Analyzes were conducted according to the type of abuse and the independent variables were composed of the characteristics of the victim, the aggressor and the type of aggression. For multivariate analysis, Poisson Regression with robust variance was used. Results: during the study period, 296 cases of neglect (18,1%; CI95%: 16,31-20,04) and 193 cases of psychological abuse (11,8%; CI95%: 10,32-13,46) were reported. Neglect was more prevalent against older adults aged 80 years and over, who were black, had a partner, and were disabled, and was often committed by the victim’s son(s) or daughter(s), in their home, in urban areas, in an unmotivated and chronic manner. Psychological abuse was associated with women, perpetrated by men, after alcohol consumption, motivated by intolerance, in the urban area and carried out in a chronic manner. Conclusion: the characteristics of the victim, aggressor and aggression were associated with the occurrence of negligence and psychological abuse differently for each type of abuse. Such abuse is often committed in a veiled manner, and thus goes underreported. It is believed that with the diffusion of knowledge and the carrying out of new studies will contribute to the confrontation, monitoring and prevention of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gracielle Pampolim
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil; Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fan X, Zhao Y, Wang H, Tsui KL. Forecasting one-day-forward wellness conditions for community-dwelling elderly with single lead short electrocardiogram signals. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2019; 19:285. [PMID: 31888608 PMCID: PMC6937661 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-019-1012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The accelerated growth of elderly population is creating a heavy burden to the healthcare system in many developed countries and regions. Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis has been recognized as effective approach to cardiovascular disease diagnosis and widely utilized for monitoring personalized health conditions. Method In this study, we present a novel approach to forecasting one-day-forward wellness conditions for community-dwelling elderly by analyzing single lead short ECG signals acquired from a station-based monitoring device. More specifically, exponentially weighted moving-average (EWMA) method is employed to eliminate the high-frequency noise from original signals at first. Then, Fisher-Yates normalization approach is used to adjust the self-evaluated wellness score distribution since the scores among different individuals are skewed. Finally, both deep learning-based and traditional machine learning-based methods are utilized for building wellness forecasting models. Results The experiment results show that the deep learning-based methods achieve the best fitted forecasting performance, where the forecasting accuracy and F value are 93.21% and 91.98% respectively. The deep learning-based methods, with the merit of non-hand-crafted engineering, have superior wellness forecasting performance towards the competitive traditional machine learning-based methods. Conclusion The developed approach in this paper is effective in wellness forecasting for community-dwelling elderly, which can provide insights in terms of implementing a cost-effective approach to informing healthcare provider about health conditions of elderly in advance and taking timely interventions to reduce the risk of malignant events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomao Fan
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for System Informatics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Hailiang Wang
- Center for System Informatics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Leung Tsui
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for System Informatics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Koga C, Hanazato M, Tsuji T, Suzuki N, Kondo K. Elder Abuse and Social Capital in Older Adults: The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Gerontology 2019; 66:149-159. [PMID: 31514199 DOI: 10.1159/000502544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder abuse is a serious public health issue worldwide, but large-scale epidemiologic studies remain sparse. Although social factors in human relations such as social support and social isolation have been proposed as the factors related to elder abuse, cognitive social capital has not been examined. OBJECTIVE This study aims to clarify the prevalence of and the factors associated with elder abuse among independent older adults in Japan. METHODS The study design is a retrospective observational study. The data were derived from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). These self-report data were collected from 26,229 people aged 65 years or older living in 28 municipalities in 2013. The types of elder abuse and factors associated with them were examined using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of elder abuse among the sample was 12.3% (11.1% in males and 13.3 in females). In the entire sample, physical, psychological, and financial abuses were reported to be 1.26, 11.12, and 1.45%, respectively. Factors associated with increased odds of experiencing abuse were being a woman, living with family members, having poor self-rated health, and having mild or severe depression. By contrast, age ≥85 years, being widowed, or unmarried, and having a positive view of community trust were associated with a lower risk of experiencing abuse. CONCLUSION While particular demographic factors and health are associated with a greater risk of elder abuse, our findings that trust within the community lessens the risk indicates the importance of social capital. This should be taken into consideration when developing population-based strategies to prevent elder abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chie Koga
- Division of Advanced Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba, Japan,
| | | | - Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norimichi Suzuki
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Center for Gerontology and Social Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Barros RLDM, Leal MCC, Marques APDO, Lins MEM. Violência doméstica contra idosos assistidos na atenção básica. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-1104201912211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Este artigo objetiva investigar a prevalência de violência doméstica contra idosos assistidos na atenção básica e possíveis fatores associados. Estudo descritivo de corte transversal, com 169 indivíduos de 60 anos ou mais, de ambos os sexos, cadastrados nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) da microrregião 4.1 da cidade do Recife (PE). Idosos com agravo à saúde que comprometesse a comunicação e/ou cognição foram excluídos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas nos domicílios ou nas USF, com questões sociodemográficas, saúde autopercebida e instrumento de pesquisa para avaliar possíveis situações de violência, que foi desenvolvido e validado em Porto Rico e adotado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Verificou-se a existência de 133 idosos com sinais indicativos de pelo menos um tipo de violência em seu ambiente doméstico, representando uma prevalência de 78,7%, sendo a negligência o tipo mais prevalente (58,5%), seguida de violência psicológica (21,5%) e financeira (14%). Os idosos entrevistados que classificaram sua saúde como regular/ruim têm esse risco aumentado. O estudo reforça a hipótese da existência de violência doméstica contra os idosos. Assim, identificar a sua prevalência é o primeiro passo para o enfrentamento desse problema de saúde pública.
Collapse
|
44
|
Zheng S, Li M, Kong D, Dong X. Sources and Variations in Social Support and Risk for Elder Mistreatment in a US Chinese Population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:S499-S505. [PMID: 31403191 PMCID: PMC9943533 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research has examined the relationships between positive social support (PSS) and elder mistreatment (EM) but less is known regarding the negative aspect of social support (NSS), especially among minority groups in the United States. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between PSS/NSS from different sources and EM among US Chinese older adults. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING Greater Chicago, IL, area. PARTICIPANTS A representative sample of Chinese older adults aged 60 years or older (N = 3157) from the Population Study of ChINese Elderly in Chicago in 2011 to 2013. MEASUREMENTS We applied a 10-item widely used instrument to assess EM. PSS and NSS from spouse/family members/friends were measured by a 12-item scale. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, higher levels of overall PSS from all three sources, including spouse, family members, and friends (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 0.85-0.91]), were associated with lower risk of EM. But participants with a higher level of overall NSS from all three sources (OR = 1.51 [95% CI = 1.41-1.61]) were more likely to experience EM. The results on the relationships between PSS from spouse (OR = 0.70 [95% CI = 0.64-0.76]), PSS from family members (OR = 0.73 [95% CI = 0.68-0.79]), and EM were similar to overall PSS. But PSS from friends had a nonsignificant association with EM. Greater levels of NSS from spouse (OR = 1.84 [95% CI = 1.64-2.07]), family members (OR = 2.36 [95% CI = 2.03-2.75]), and friends (OR = 1.69 [95% CI = 1.32-2.17]) were associated with increased risks of EM. CONCLUSION Higher levels of SS were not always associated with lower risks of EM among US Chinese older adults. NSS might have counter effects. Future qualitative or longitudinal research needs to explore detailed cultural explanations and casual relationships between SS and EM. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S499-S505, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Zheng
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Mengting Li
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey,School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Dexia Kong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Park EO. Tipo mais prevalente de abuso aos idosos e sua correlação com depressão do idoso. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0194201900013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o tipo mais prevalente de abuso aos idosos na Coréia do Sul. Este estudo também analisou que tipo de abuso aos idosos mais afetou a depressão e depois discutiu contramedidas sociais em relação aos tipos prevalentes de abuso aos idosos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e os dados foram coletados por meio de amostragem por conveniência. Setenta e sete participantes tinham 60 anos ou mais e não tinham deficiência mental ou transtorno depressivo. Cinco tipos diferentes de abuso aos idosos (verbal, emocional, físico, financeiro e negligência) foram medidos, bem como sintomas depressivos. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva para determinar o tipo mais prevalente de abuso aos idosos na Coréia do Sul. Além disso, utilizaram-se testes de correlação bivariada e regressão múltipla para entender a relação entre os tipos de abuso aos idosos e depressão do idoso. Resultados: Entre os cinco tipos de abuso aos idosos, o abuso verbal, emocional e negligência foram mais prevalentes do que os abusos físicos e financeiros. De acordo com a análise bivariada, o abuso emocional e o abuso verbal foram significativamente relacionados à depressão do idoso. Conclusão Os tipos invisíveis de abuso aos idosos, como abuso emocional, verbal e negligência, foram mais prevalentes do que os tipos visíveis, como abuso físico e financeiro. Esses tipos de abuso também foram significativamente correlacionados com a depressão do idoso. Este estudo permite futuros estudos intervencionais para melhorar a percepção dos idosos sobre o abuso e, assim, prevenir o desenvolvimento da depressão dos idosos.
Collapse
|
46
|
Gender Differences in the Prevalence and Correlates of Elder Abuse in a Community-Dwelling Older Population in Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16010100. [PMID: 30609638 PMCID: PMC6339078 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: We examined gender differences in the prevalence estimates and correlates of elder abuse in a community-dwelling older population in Korea. Methods: We analyzed responses from the Living Profiles of Older People Survey (LPOPS), which comprises a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized Korean older adults living in the community. A total of 10,184 older persons (4179 men and 6005 women) were included in the analysis. Results: The overall rate of elder abuse was 9.9%, and emotional elder abuse was the most frequent type. Of the men and women subjects, 8.8 and 10.6%, respectively, had experienced elder abuse. We observed significant gender differences in the correlates of elder abuse. Educational attainment was significantly associated with elder abuse in men but not in women. Poor self-rated health was significantly associated with elder abuse in women but not in men. Household income and relationship with children were significantly associated with elder abuse in both men and women. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the factors that make elderly persons vulnerable to elder abuse may differ by gender. A better understanding of the risk factors for elder abuse across genders will facilitate the development of elder abuse prevention strategies, practices, and policies.
Collapse
|
47
|
Seah R, Draper B, Mitchell R. Hospitalization Due to Assault Injury Across Different Age Groups, 2010 to 2014: A Population-Based Study in New South Wales, Australia. Asia Pac J Public Health 2018; 31:39-50. [PMID: 30595030 DOI: 10.1177/1010539518821001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assault is a global public health issue that affects individuals of all ages. This study describes the epidemiological profile of assault-related hospitalization and health outcomes across different age groups in New South Wales, Australia. METHODS Population-based linked hospitalization and mortality data from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2014, were used to identify assault-related hospitalizations. Age-standardized rates were calculated and health outcomes were examined by age group. RESULTS There were 22 579 hospitalizations due to assault, with an age-standardized rate of 55.9 per 100 000 population (95% confidence interval = 55.2 to 56.70). Assault by bodily force (63.1%) and by sharp or blunt objects (21.6%) were the most common injury mechanisms. Individuals above 60 years had the highest mean hospital length of stay at 7.3 days, 30- and 90-day mortality, and average hospitalization costs at $9757. CONCLUSION The findings have important implications in informing the development and strategies to reduce assault-related incidents in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Seah
- 1 Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brian Draper
- 2 University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bows H. Sexual Violence Against Older People: A Review of the Empirical Literature. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2018; 19:567-583. [PMID: 29333969 DOI: 10.1177/1524838016683455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging and sexual violence are both established areas of research, but little attention has been paid to research into sexual violence against older people. This article presents a critical review of the literature reporting empirical research in three overlapping fields of inquiry: elder abuse, domestic violence, and sexual violence, identifying points of theoretical and methodological similarity and difference across academic disciplines. Using a range of search terms combining age, sexual violence, and elder abuse, the following databases were searched: EBSCOHOST, Ingenta-Ingenta connect, and JSTOR. In total, the databases searches returned 31 relevant articles and an additional 9 relevant articles were found through manual searches of bibliographies and Google searches, which were grouped into three categories: elder abuse, domestic violence in later life, and sexual violence against older people. Four themes common across these fields emerged: prevalence, characteristics of victims and risk factors, impacts and coping strategies, and perpetrator and assault characteristics. The findings in each area are discussed in detail, exposing gaps in knowledge and understandings of sexual violence against older women. The article ends by defining a future research agenda for this underexplored phenomenon that is of increasing importance in a context of global aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Bows
- 1 Centre for Research into Violence and Abuse, School of Applied Social Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Arab-zozani M, Mostafazadeh N, Arab-zozani Z, Ghoddoosi-Nejad D, Hassanipour S, Soares JJ. The prevalence of elder abuse and neglect in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Elder Abuse Negl 2018; 30:408-423. [DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2018.1523765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Arab-zozani
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Arab-zozani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Djavad Ghoddoosi-Nejad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Joaquim J.F. Soares
- Mid Sweden University, Department of Health Sciences and EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gerino E, Caldarera AM, Curti L, Brustia P, Rollè L. Intimate Partner Violence in the Golden Age: Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1595. [PMID: 30233454 PMCID: PMC6131561 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is identifiable as a major public health concern worldwide. The international literature highlights how this phenomenon is complex and transversal to all age groups. While the global population is becoming older, the scientific research about risk and protective factors related to IPV in the golden age is diverse, and the different findings of the various studies have not been systematized so far. Thus, in this systematic review, we aim to analyze the scientific studies that investigate the risk and the protective factors of violent dynamics between elderly couples. From the perspective of the theoretical frameworks and the methodological approaches used, we present the main conceptual themes that emerge. Following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, we review the articles that report the analyses of protective and risk factors of IPV perpetration. Our results indicate social support, help-seeking behavior, and the availability of community-based services addressing the issues of abuse as the main protective factors. The risk factors are related to economic conditions, belonging to an ethnic minority, cognitive or physical impairment, other conditions associated with cultural background and relational dynamics, such as intrapartner dependence and intergenerational transmission of violence and trauma, and caregiving stress. We discuss possible future directions of research to improve the understanding of IPV in the elderly population and the implications for the development of intervention policies at preventive and supportive levels.
Collapse
|